ZA200007077B - Anti-germ attachment-composition. - Google Patents

Description

ANTI-GERM ATTACHMENT - COMPOSITION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Basic skin cleansing compositions have been long addressed by the personal care industry. The consumer population is looking for additional benefit beyond basic skin cleansing which now includes germ as well as soil removal. Recently, intensified focus “has been directed to the spread of germs from touching various objects in public use such as an ATM machine, public phones, public restrooms, the gym and the like. New compositions which fight germs have recently been marketed. However, many of these products use high quantities of alcohol to accomplish the degerming of the skin. These products are directed to eliminating pre-existing germs present in the skin prior to treatment. Therefore, a need exists for obtaining a longer lasting “antigerm” effect with a cleansing composition normally employed as a ninse-off product which inhibits the further attachment of germs to the skin following the rinse off process.

Such a product should not be restricted to having activity against only one or a small number of germs which can be present on the skin. It should be readily applicable to a large number of germs, regardless of their gram negative or gram positive nature or whatever type of classification system under which they may be categorized. A few compositions with active agents seem to work by stopping the attachment of specific germs to the skin. However, compositions containing these agents are disclosed to be germ specific to only one or a small number of germs.

It has now been discovered that a relatively simple rinse off skin cleansing composition has the ability to inhibit the attachment of germs to the skin for a significant period of time after rinsing the skin. A broad spectrum of germs can be inhibited. In this manner a standard rinse off skin cleansing composition provides a desired benefit to the everyday skin washing population. Additionally, it can provide a meaningful benefit to those individuals whose skin is in particular need to have diminished levels of germs thereon, for example those people suffering from atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, immunodeficient conditions and the like.

A further advantage of the composition is that germs which are present, canbe ~~ - more readily removed from the skin by rinsing with water after treatment of the skin with the composition of the invention. This occurs for a period of time after the initial rinse- off of the composition has occurred.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, there is a method for inhibiting the attachment of germs to the skin which comprises applying to the skin a composition comprising a. a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants, b. a silicone component in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin, and rinsing said composition from the skin.

A further aspect of the invention is the composition having as an additional component a cationic material, preferably a cationic polymer.

Additionally, a composition which accomplishes the goal of inhibition of germ attachment is the composition of (a) and (b) above.

Still further, there is the use of a composition comprising: (a) a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants, (b) a silicone component in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin, . in the preparation of a skin cleansing material which inhibits the attachment of germs to the skin.

The composition can work its effects in many realistic situations. It can reduce the spread of germs from inanimate objects, for example door knobs, phones, water faucets and the like as well as through skin to skin contact, for example the shaking of hands. In summary, the transmission of germs to skin can be reduced by prior contact of skin with the composition of this invention. -

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The term “germ” as used in the specification and claims of this invention means bacteria and viruses, particularly bacteria. Examples of bacteria which are inhibited from attaching to the skin include staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermis, corynebacterium minutissium, escherichia coli, salmonella, choleraesuis and serratia marcescens. Examples of viruses include human rhinovirus and human rotovirus.

The surfactants which can be used in the composition include the following families: anionic, amphoteric, nonionic and cationic, alone or in combination. Soap a long chain alkyl or alkenyl, branched or normal carboxylic acid salt such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt, can be present in the composition.

Exemplary of long chain alkyl or alkenyl are from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms in length, specifically about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms in length, more specifically alkyl and most specifically normal, or normal with little branching. Small quantities of olefinic bond(s) may be present in the predominantly alkyl sections, particularly if the source of the "alkyl" group is obtained from a natural product such as tallow, coconut oil and the like.

Examples of anionic surfactants other than soap include but are not limited to alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates and the like.

Other surfactants can be present in the composition as well. Examples of such surfactants are the anionic, amphoteric, nonionic and cationic surfactants. Examples of anionic surfactants include but are not limited to alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates and the like.

: ,

Alkyl chains for these surfactants are C8-Cp2, preferably C1¢-Cjg8, more preferably C12-C14. Anionic nonsoap surfactants can be exemplified by the alkali metal” salts of organic sulfate having in their molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester radical (included in the term alkyl is the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals). Preferred are the sodium, ammonium, potassium or triethanolamine alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols (C8-Cj§ carbon atoms), sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium or potassium salts of sulfuric acid esters of the reaction product of 1 mole of a higher fatty alcohol e.g., tallow or coconut oil alcohols) and 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide; sodium or potassium salts of alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfate with 1 to 10 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain from 8 to 12 carbon atoms, sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; the reaction product of fatty acids having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide; water 15. soluble salts of condensation products of fatty acids with sarcosine; and others known in the art.

Zwitterionic surfactants can be exemplified by those which can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. A general formula for these compounds is: (x

R2—Y(*)—CH,—R4—Z() wherein R2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to I glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R? is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; " X is when Y is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from 0 to about 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.

Examples include: 4-{N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonio]-butane-1- - carboxylate; 5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio} -3 hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3-{P,P-P-diethyl-P 3,6,9 trioxatetradecyl- phosphonio}-2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate; 3-[N,N-dipropyl-N-3 dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropylammonio}-propane-l-phosphonate; 3- (N,N-di- methyl-N-hexadecylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N- hexadecylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate; 4-(N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2 hydroxydodecyl) ammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate; 3-[S-ethyl-S-(3-dodecoxy-2- hydroxypropyl)sulfonio}-propane-1-phosphate; 3-(P,P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphonio)- propane-1-phosphonate; and 5-[N,N-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-hexadecylammonio]-2- hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate.

Examples of amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the compositions of the present invention are those which can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, . sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, N-alkyltaurines, such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with : sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Patent No. 2,658,072, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids, such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. Patent No. 2,438,091 and U.S. Patent No. 2,528,378. Other amphoterics such as betaines are also useful in the present composition.

Examples of betaines useful herein include the high alkyl betaines such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxy-methyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis- (2-hydroxyethyl)carboxy methyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydro-xypropyl) alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, etc. The sulfobetaines may be represented by coco dimethyl ~ sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, amido betaines, amidosulfobetaines, and the like.

Many cationic surfactants are known to the art. By way of example, the following may be mentioned: - - stearyldimenthylbenzyl ammonium chloride; - dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride; - nonylbenzylethyldimethyl ammonium nitrate; - tetradecylpyridinium bromide; - laurylpyridinium chloride; - cetylpyridinium chloride - laurylpyridinium chloride; - laurylisoquinolium bromide; - ditallow(Hydrogenated)dimethyl ammonium chloride; - dilauryldimethyl ammonium chloride; and : - stearalkonium chloride.

Additional cationic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,303,543 see column 4, lines 58 and column 5, lines 1-42, incorporated herein by references. Also see

CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 4th Edition 1991, pages 509-514 for various long chain alkyl cationic surfactants; incorporated herein by references.

Nonionic surfactants can be broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic * hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. Examples of preferred classes of nonionic surfactants are: 1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to 10 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in such compounds may be 30. derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or nonane, for example. 2. Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine products which may be varied in composition depending upon the balance between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements which is desired. For example, compounds containing from about 40% to about 80% polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 11,000 resulting from the reaction of ethylene oxide groups with a hydrophobic base constituted of the reaction product of ethylene diamine and excess propylene oxide, said base having a molecular weight of the order- of 2,500 to 3,000, are satisfactory. 3. The condensation product of aliphatic alcohols having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, in either straight chain or branched chain configuration with ethylene oxide, e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensate having from 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol, the coconut alcohol fraction having from 10 to 14 carbon atoms. Other ethylene oxide condensation products are ethoxylated fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols (e.g., Tween 20-polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate). 4. Long chain tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the following general formula:

R1R2R3N=>0 wherein R| contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 : to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety, and, R2 and R3 contain from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 ) 20 to about 1 hydroxy group, €.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy ethyl, or hydroxy ] propyl radicals. The arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond. Examples of amine oxides suitable for use in this invention include dimethyldodecylamine oxide, oleyl-di(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyldecylamine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine 25 oxide, 3,6,9 trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3- hydroxypropyl)amine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide. 5. Long chain tertiary phosphine oxides corresponding to the following general formula: 30

RR'R"P=20 wherein R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from 8 to carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety and R' and R" are each alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond. Examples of suitable phosphine oxides are: dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecylmethylethylphosphine oxide, 3,6,9- - trioxaoctadecyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetyldimethylphosphine oxide, 3-dodecoxy- 2-hydroxypropyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) phosphine oxide stearyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetylethyl propylphosphine oxide, oleyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldiethylphosphine oxide, tetradecyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldipropylphosphine oxide, dodecyldi(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide, dodecyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphine oxide, tetradecylmethyl-2- hydroxypropylphosphine oxide, oleyldimethylphosphine oxide, 2- hydroxydodecyldimethylphosphine oxide. 6. Long chain dialkyl! sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl or hydroxy alkyl radical of 1 to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) and one long hydrophobic chain which contain alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, or keto alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety. Examples include: octadecyl methyl! sulfoxide, 2- ketotridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3,6,9-trioxaoctadecyl 2-hydroxyethyl sulfoxide, dodecyl methyl sulfoxide, oleyl 3-hydroxypropyl sulfoxide, tetradecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3 methoxytridecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxytridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3- hydroxy-4-dodecoxybutyl methyl sulfoxide. - 7. Alkylated polyglycosides wherein the alkyl group is from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and the degree of polymerization of the glycoside is from about 1 to about 3, preferably about 1.3 to about 2.0.

Also present in the composition is a silicone. Silicone as used herein is preferably a silicone fluid, as opposed to a silicone gum. A silicone fluid is defined herein as silicone with viscosities ranging from about 5 to about 600,000 centistokes, more preferably from about 350 to about 100,000 centistoke at 25°C. Polyalkyl siloxanes such as polydimethy] siloxane generally known as “dimethicone”, are preferred for use as the silicone.

The silicone materials useful in the present vention are generally non-volatile and may be either a polyalkyl siloxane, a polyaryl siloxane, a polyalkylaryl, a functionalized siloxanelated, a polysiloxane such as a polysiloxan with amino functional substitution, an alkoxylated silicone, such as ethoxylated or propoxylated, and a polyether

Claims (11)

/ CLAIMS

1. A method for inhibiting attachment of germs to the skin which comprises applying to the skin a composition comprising: (a) a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants; (b) a silicone in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin, and rinsing said composition from the skin.

2. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein a cationic polymer is also present.

3. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein a hydrocarbonaceous component is also present.

4. The method in accordance with claim 2 wherein a hydrocarbonaceous component is also present.

5. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein(b) is from about 0.01 to about 8 wt.% of the composition.

6. The method in accordance with claim wherein the cationic polymer is from about

0.1 to about 3.0 wt.%. of the composition.

7. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein a hydrocarbonaceous component is not present.

8. The use of a composition comprising: (a) askin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants, (b) a silicone in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin, in the preparation of a skin cleansing material which inhibits the attachment of germs to the skin.

9. A method for inhibiting the attachment of germs to the skin of people having a skin condition selected from the group consisting of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, of immunodificient condition which comprises applying to the skin a composition having (a) a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants, (b) asilicone in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin, and rinsing said composition from the skin.

10. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein an antibacterial effective amount of an antibacterial agent is present in the composition.

11. A method for inhibiting attachment of germs to the skin which comprises applying to the skin a composition comprising: (a) a silicone component in amounts effective to inhibit attachment of germs to the skin. wherein when the composition is a rinse off composition there is also present therein a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants.