WO2026020344A1 - 扬声器 - Google Patents

扬声器

Info

Publication number
WO2026020344A1
WO2026020344A1 PCT/CN2024/107181 CN2024107181W WO2026020344A1 WO 2026020344 A1 WO2026020344 A1 WO 2026020344A1 CN 2024107181 W CN2024107181 W CN 2024107181W WO 2026020344 A1 WO2026020344 A1 WO 2026020344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
cavity
frame
vibration
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/107181
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卫敏
惠耀
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd filed Critical AAC Microtech Changzhou Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2024/107181 priority Critical patent/WO2026020344A1/zh
Priority to US19/001,345 priority patent/US20260032376A1/en
Publication of WO2026020344A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026020344A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion technology, and more particularly to a loudspeaker.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a speaker with high reliability and a good user experience.
  • This application provides a loudspeaker, including a frame, a vibration system respectively fixed to the frame, and a magnetic circuit system for driving the vibration system to vibrate and generate sound.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm fixed to the frame, and the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke supported and fixed to the frame.
  • the loudspeaker also includes an elastic connector that connects the magnetic yoke and the frame to support the vibration of the magnetic circuit system.
  • a rear cavity is formed by sealing the diaphragm, the magnetic yoke, the frame, and the elastic connector.
  • the vibration directions of the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system are opposite.
  • the loudspeaker also includes an upper housing and a lower housing respectively fixed to opposite sides of the frame.
  • a first front cavity for sound output is formed by the upper housing, the diaphragm, and the frame, and a second front cavity for sound output is formed by the lower housing, the magnetic yoke, and the frame.
  • the upper housing is provided with a first sound outlet for communicating the first front cavity and the outside
  • the lower housing is connected to the upper housing
  • a second sound outlet for communicating the second front cavity and the outside is formed between the upper housing and the lower housing.
  • the elastic connector includes a first fixing portion connected to the magnetic yoke, an elastic portion extending from the periphery of the first fixing portion, and a second fixing portion extending from the side of the elastic portion away from the first fixing portion away from the first fixing portion; the second fixing portion is connected to the basin frame.
  • the elastic connector is made of one or more of the following: a single-element damping material, a polymer composite damping material, and a metal composite damping structure.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a main magnet fixed to the yoke, a secondary magnet spaced apart from the main magnet and forming a magnetic gap, and a main pole plate covering the side of the main magnet away from the yoke;
  • the main magnet has a first cavity formed through its center, and the main pole plate has a second cavity formed through its center, the first cavity and the second cavity being connected;
  • the magnetic circuit system further includes a magnetic component at least partially housed in the first cavity and a connector that connects the magnetic component and the diaphragm through the second cavity.
  • the magnetic yoke has a through-hole at its center, and the first cavity, the second cavity, and the through-hole are coaxially arranged.
  • the connector is made of a non-magnetic material.
  • the first magnetic component is a magnet
  • the second magnetic component is a magnet, a magnetically conductive component, or a structure formed by alternating layers of magnetically conductive and non-magnetically conductive materials.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the speaker according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the speaker according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1 along line A-A.
  • Figure 4 is a magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of region B in Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of region C in Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the magnetic circuit system according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 7 is another cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 1.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the upper and lower shells according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the loudspeaker 100 of this application embodiment includes a frame 10, a vibration system 20, a magnetic circuit system 30, an elastic connector 40, an upper housing 50, and a lower housing 60.
  • the basin frame 10 supports the vibration system 20 and the magnetic circuit system 30.
  • the magnetic circuit system 30 has a magnetic gap 301 and is used to drive the vibration system 20 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the basin frame 10 is rectangular.
  • the basin frame 10 includes a main body 11 with a receiving space 101 and an extension 12 that is received in the receiving space 101 and extends from the main body 11.
  • the vibration system 20 includes a diaphragm 21 fixed to the frame 10, a frame 22 fixed to the side of the diaphragm 21 facing the magnetic circuit system 30, and an energized voice coil 23 supported by the frame 22 within the magnetic gap 301.
  • the energized voice coil 23 interacts with the magnetic circuit system 30 to vibrate, thereby causing the diaphragm 21 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the diaphragm 21 includes a vibrating part 211, a folded ring part 212 extending from the periphery of the vibrating part 211, a fixing part 213 extending outward from the side of the folded ring part 212 away from the vibrating part 211, an opening 210 penetrating the vibrating part 211 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 21, and a dome 214 covering the vibrating part 211 and completely covering the opening 210.
  • the fixing part 213 is fixed to the frame 10 by the frame 22, and the folded ring part 212 has an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the side away from the magnetic circuit system 30.
  • the side of the frame 22 facing away from the magnetic circuit system 30 is connected to the diaphragm 21, and the side of the frame 22 facing the magnetic circuit system 30 is connected to the energized voice coil 23 and the frame 10.
  • the frame 22 includes a first connecting portion 221 for connecting the frame 10, a second connecting portion 222 for connecting the energized voice coil 23, and a connecting arm 223 connecting the first connecting portion 221 and the second connecting portion 222.
  • the second connecting portion 222 protrudes to the side away from the first connecting portion 221, forming a cantilever 2221.
  • the frame 22 can be a circuit board, through which electrical signals can be introduced to the energized voice coil 23.
  • the magnetic circuit system 30 includes a magnetic yoke 31 that is supported and fixed to the frame 10, a main magnet 32 fixed to the magnetic yoke 31, a secondary magnet 33 that is spaced apart from the main magnet 32 and forms a magnetic gap 301, and a main pole plate 34 that covers the side of the main magnet 32 away from the magnetic yoke 31.
  • the main magnet 32 penetrates through the center to form the first cavity 320.
  • the main electrode plate 34 is used for magnetic conduction to improve driving force.
  • the main electrode plate 34 has a second cavity 340 formed through its center, and the first cavity 320 and the second cavity 340 are connected.
  • the first cavity 320 and the second cavity 340 are coaxially arranged.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 can be used for magnetic conduction to improve driving force.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 fixes the main magnet 32 and the auxiliary magnet 33, with the auxiliary magnet 33 surrounding the main magnet 32.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 and the diaphragm 21 are fixed to opposite ends of the frame 10 along the vibration direction of the vibration system 20.
  • the extension 12 covers the side of the auxiliary magnet 33 away from the magnetic yoke 31.
  • the extension 12 can be used as a magnetically conductive plate.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 has a through-hole 310 formed at its center, and the first cavity 320 and the second cavity 340 are coaxially arranged with the through-hole 310.
  • This embodiment can adjust the negative stiffness nonlinearity by setting the through-hole 310 at the center of the magnetic yoke 31.
  • the magnetic circuit system 30 also includes a magnetic component 35 at least partially housed within the first cavity 320 and a connector 36 connecting the magnetic component 35 and the diaphragm 21 via the second cavity 340.
  • a magnetic component 35 and a connector 36 are added to the magnetic circuit system 30.
  • the magnetic component 35 and the dome 214 are connected by the connector 36.
  • the newly added magnetic component 35 and electromagnetic component (including the main magnet 32, the auxiliary magnet 33, and the main pole plate 34) exert zero force on the vibration zone.
  • the force exerted by the magnetic component 35 and the electromagnetic component on the vibration zone is in the same direction as the vibration displacement of the vibration zone, that is, it provides negative stiffness to the speaker 100, increases the suspension amplitude of the vibration system 20 and the magnetic circuit system 30, and further increases the low-frequency sensitivity of the dual-sided sound generation.
  • the magnetic component 35 includes a first magnetic element 351 housed within the first cavity 320 and connected to the connector 36 on the side away from the diaphragm 21.
  • the magnetic component 35 further includes a second magnetic element 352 fixed to the magnetic yoke 31 and disposed within the first cavity 320; the second magnetic element 352 extends to form a third cavity 3520, which is coaxially disposed with the second cavity 340; the first magnetic element 351 is housed within the third cavity 3520 and spaced apart from the second magnetic element 352.
  • the first magnetic component 351 is a magnet
  • the second magnetic component 352 is a magnet, a magnetically conductive component, or a structure formed by alternating layers of magnetically conductive and non-magnetically conductive materials.
  • the connector 36 is made of a non-magnetically conductive material.
  • the nonlinearity of the negative stiffness of the speaker 100 can be further adjusted, making the negative stiffness more symmetrical. This improves the low-frequency response of the speaker 100 and reduces speaker distortion.
  • the elastic connector 40 is fixed to the magnetic yoke 31.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 is connected to the basin frame 10 through the elastic connector 40.
  • the diaphragm 21, the magnetic yoke 31, the basin frame 10 and the elastic connector 40 are sealed together to form a rear cavity 1001.
  • the elastic connector 40 includes a first fixing portion 41 connected to the magnetic yoke 31, an elastic portion 42 extending from the periphery of the first fixing portion 41, and a second fixing portion 43 extending from the side of the elastic portion 42 away from the first fixing portion 41 away from the first fixing portion 41; the second fixing portion 43 is connected to the basin frame 10.
  • the elastic portion 42 can be configured as an arc-shaped structure protruding towards or away from the magnetic circuit system 30, or the cross-section of the elastic portion 42 can be W-shaped, C-shaped, or S-shaped, which can be selected according to specific needs.
  • the elastic connector 40 includes a first fixing portion 41, a first elastic portion 421 extending from the periphery of the first fixing portion 41, a second elastic portion 422 extending from the periphery of the first elastic portion 421 away from the first fixing portion 41, and a second fixing portion 43 extending from the side of the second elastic portion 422 away from the first elastic portion 421 away from the second elastic portion 422.
  • a through hole 401 is formed in the first fixing portion 41.
  • the first elastic portion 421 and the second elastic portion 422 have a convex arc-shaped structure. As one embodiment, the convex directions of the first elastic portion 421 and the second elastic portion 422 are opposite.
  • the first elastic portion 421 protrudes from the side opposite to the magnetic circuit system 30, and the second elastic portion 422 protrudes from the side away from the magnetic circuit system 30.
  • the heights of the first fixed part 41, the first elastic part 421, the second elastic part 422, and the second fixed part 43 are stepped in the vibration direction of the vibration system 20.
  • the magnetic yoke 31 covers the through hole 401 and is connected to the first fixed part 41, and the second fixed part 43 is connected to the basin frame 10.
  • the interaction between the energized voice coil 23 and the magnetic circuit system 30 causes the vibration system 20 to vibrate and produce sound. Simultaneously, because the magnetic circuit system 30 is suspended by the elastic connector 40, it generates vibrations in the opposite direction to those of the vibration system 20. The magnetic circuit system 30 and the vibration system 20 together form two suspension systems. This results in the excitations of the two suspension systems acting as action and reaction forces, reducing the force on the speaker 100 when connected to the terminal device, thus achieving a certain vibration damping effect and preventing shell vibration problems.
  • the loudspeaker 100 also includes an upper housing 50 and a lower housing 60 respectively fixed to opposite sides of the frame 10.
  • the upper housing 50 and the lower housing 60 are respectively fixed to opposite sides of the frame 10.
  • a first front cavity 1002 for sound output from the vibration system is formed between the upper housing 50, the diaphragm 21, and the frame 10.
  • a second front cavity 1003 for sound output generated by the vibration of the yoke 31 is formed between the lower housing 60, the yoke 31, and the frame 10.
  • the upper housing 50 has a first sound outlet 502 for connecting the first front cavity 1002 to the outside.
  • the lower housing 60 is connected to the upper housing 50, and a second sound outlet 602 for connecting the second front cavity 1003 to the outside is formed between the upper housing 50 and the lower housing 60.
  • a second sound outlet 602 for connecting the second front cavity 1003 to the outside is formed between the upper housing 50 and the lower housing 60.
  • the upper housing 50 and the lower housing 60 are fixed to each other so that the first sound outlet 502 and the second sound outlet 602 are combined and connected to the terminal device, so that the speaker 100 can emit sound from both sides, reducing vibration and improving sound sensitivity.
  • the elastic connector 40 is made of one or more of the following: a single-element damping material, a polymer composite damping material, and a metal composite damping structure.
  • the materials used in the elastic connector 40 are all conventional materials used in the field for elastic structures. The purpose of these materials is to adjust the damping elasticity.
  • the elemental damping material is damping rubber and/or foamed cotton.
  • the elastic connector 40 is fixed to the basin frame 10 and the magnetic yoke 31 by adhesive bonding. Both the damping rubber and the foamed cotton are conventional materials used in the art for elastic structures.
  • the metal composite damping structure is a high-damping metal and/or a constraint layer damping structure.
  • the elastic connector 40 is the metal composite damping structure
  • the elastic connector 40 is fixed to the frame 10 and the magnetic yoke 31 by adhesive bonding and/or electrothermal welding, respectively.
  • Both the high-damping metal and the constraint layer damping structure are conventional materials used in the art for elastic structures.
  • the polymer composite damping material is a particle-doped, fiber-doped, and/or laminated composite material.
  • the elastic connector 40 is the polymer composite damping material, it is fixed to the frame 10 and the magnetic yoke 31 by adhesive bonding and/or ultrasonic welding.
  • the particle-doped, fiber-doped, and laminated composite materials are all conventional materials used in the art for elastic structures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及电声转换技术领域，提供了一种扬声器。本申请的扬声器通过弹性连接件连接磁轭和所述盆架以支撑磁路系统振动，振膜、磁轭、盆架以及弹性连接件之间密封围设形成后腔；磁路系统和振动系统的振动方向相反；通过上壳体和下壳体分别固定于盆架的相对两侧，上壳体、振膜以及盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第一前腔，下壳体、磁轭以及盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第二前腔，实现扬声器双面发声，提高发声灵敏度，磁路系统振动与振动系统振动共同形成两个悬置系统，受相互作用力且力的方向相反，使得扬声器连接终端设备使用时，受力减小，起到一定减振效果，从而避免出现壳振问题。

Description

扬声器 技术领域
本申请涉及电声转换技术领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器。
 背景技术
随着移动互联网时代的到来，智能移动设备的数量不断上升。而在众多移动设备之中，手机无疑是最常见、最便携的移动终端设备。但对目前的手机扬声器来说，当激励电压较大时，壳振现象往往很严重，给用户带来不好的体验。同时，频响灵敏度的提升也一直是微型扬声器的追求。
因此，有必要提供一种新的扬声器解决上述技术问题。
 技术问题
本申请的目的在于提供一种可靠性高且用户体验好的扬声器。
 技术解决方案
本申请的技术方案如下：
本申请提供了一种扬声器，包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统以及驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，所述磁路系统包括支撑固定于所述盆架的磁轭，所述扬声器还包括弹性连接件，所述弹性连接件连接所述磁轭和所述盆架以支撑所述磁路系统振动，所述振膜、所述磁轭、所述盆架以及所述弹性连接件之间密封围设形成后腔；所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的振动方向相反；所述扬声器还包括分别固定于所述盆架相对两侧的上壳体和下壳体，所述上壳体、所述振膜以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第一前腔，所述下壳体、所述磁轭以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第二前腔。
优选的，所述上壳体设有用于连通所述第一前腔和外界的第一出声口，所述下壳体与所述上壳体连接，所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间形成有用于连通所述第二前腔和外界的第二出声口。
优选的，所述弹性连接件包括与所述磁轭连接的第一固接部、由所述第一固接部的周缘弯折延伸的弹性部、由所述弹性部远离所述第一固接部的一侧向远离所述第一固接部弯折延伸的第二固接部；所述第二固接部与所述盆架连接。
优选的，所述弹性连接件为单质阻尼材料、高分子复合阻尼材料以及金属复合阻尼结构中的一种或多种制成。
优选的，所述磁路系统包括固定于所述磁轭的主磁钢、与所述主磁钢间隔设置并形成磁间隙的副磁钢以及盖设于所述主磁钢远离所述磁轭一侧的主极板；所述主磁钢于中心处贯穿形成第一空腔，所述主极板于中心处贯穿形成第二空腔，所述第一空腔和所述第二空腔相连通；所述磁路系统还包括至少部分收容于所述第一空腔内的磁性组件以及经所述第二空腔将所述磁性组件和所述振膜连接的连接件。
所述磁轭于中心处贯穿形成开孔，所述第一空腔、所述第二空腔与所述开孔同轴设置。
优选的，所述磁性组件包括收容于所述第一空腔内且连接于所述连接件的远离所述振膜一侧的第一磁性件。
优选的，所述磁性组件还包括固定于所述磁轭且设置于所述第一空腔内的第二磁性件；所述第二磁性件贯穿形成第三空腔，所述第三空腔与所述第二空腔同轴设置；所述第一磁性件收容于所述第三空腔内并与所述第二磁性件相间隔。
优选的，所述连接件采用非导磁材料制成。
优选的，所述第一磁性件为磁钢，所述第二磁性件为磁钢或者导磁件或者为导磁材料和不导磁材料交替层叠形成的结构。
优选的，所述盆架包括具有收容空间的主体部以及收容于所述收容空间并自所述主体部延伸的延伸部，所述磁轭与所述振膜固定于所述盆架沿所述振动系统的振动方向的相对两端，所述延伸部盖设于所述副磁钢背离所述磁轭的一侧。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果在于：本申请的扬声器通过弹性连接件连接所述磁轭和所述盆架以支撑所述磁路系统振动，所述振膜、所述磁轭、所述盆架以及所述弹性连接件之间密封围设形成后腔；所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的振动方向相反；通过所述上壳体和所述下壳体分别固定于所述盆架的相对两侧，所述上壳体、所述振膜以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第一前腔，所述下壳体、所述磁轭以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第二前腔，实现扬声器双面发声，提高发声灵敏度，磁路系统振动与振动系统振动共同形成两个悬置系统，受相互作用力且力的方向相反，使得扬声器连接终端设备使用时，受力减小，起到一定减振效果，从而避免出现壳振问题。
 附图说明
图1为本申请实施例的扬声器的立体结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例的扬声器的分解结构示意图。
图3为图1沿A-A向线的一种剖视图。
图4为图2中B区域的局部放大结构示意图。
图5为图3中C区域的局部放大结构示意图。
图6为本申请实施例的磁路系统的装配结构示意图。
图7为图1沿A-A向线的另一种剖视图。
图8为本申请实施例的上壳和下壳的装配结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本申请作进一步说明。
请参见图1-图3，本申请实施例的扬声器100包括盆架10、振动系统20、磁路系统30、弹性连接件40、上壳体50和下壳体60。
所述盆架10用于支撑振动系统20和磁路系统30，磁路系统30具有磁间隙301，磁路系统30用于驱动振动系统20振动发声。本实施方式中，盆架10呈矩形。所述盆架10包括具有收容空间101的主体部11以及收容于所述收容空间101并自所述主体部11延伸的延伸部12。
请参见图2，振动系统20包括固定于盆架10上的振膜21、固定于振膜21朝向磁路系统30一侧的骨架22、通过骨架22支撑于磁间隙301内的通电音圈23。当扬声器100接通电源后，通电音圈23与磁路系统30相互作用发生振动，从而带动振膜21振动发声。
具体的，请参见图2和图3，振膜21包括振动部211、由振动部211的周缘弯折延伸的折环部212、由折环部212远离振动部211一侧向外弯折延伸的固定部213、沿振膜21的振动方向贯穿振动部211的通口210以及盖设于振动部211并完全覆盖通口210的球顶214。其中，固定部213通过骨架22固定于盆架10，折环部212呈朝向远离磁路系统30的一侧凸起的弧形结构。在其他实施方式中，振膜21上也可不设置通口210，直接将球顶214固定于振膜21即可。振膜21的折环部212也可设置为朝向磁路系统30的一侧凸起的弧形结构，可以根据具体的需求进行选择。
请参见图2和图3，骨架22背向磁路系统30的一侧连接振膜21，骨架22朝向磁路系统30的一侧连接通电音圈23以及盆架10。具体的，骨架22包括用于连接盆架10的第一连接部221、用于连接通电音圈23的第二连接部222以及连接第一连接部221和第二连接部222的连接臂223，第二连接部222朝向远离第一连接部221的一侧部分凸出形成有悬臂2221。骨架22可以是电路板，通过骨架22可以为通电音圈23引入电信号。
请参见图2、图3和图6，磁路系统30包括支撑固定于盆架10的磁轭31、固定于磁轭31的主磁钢32、与主磁钢32间隔设置并形成磁间隙301的副磁钢33以及盖设于主磁钢32远离磁轭31一侧的主极板34。
请参见图2，主磁钢32于中心处贯穿形成第一空腔320。
请参见图2，主极板34用于导磁，提高驱动力。所述主极板34于中心处贯穿形成第二空腔340，所述第一空腔320和所述第二空腔340相连通。优选的，第一空腔320和第二空腔340同轴设置。
请参见图3和图6，磁轭31可用于导磁，提高驱动力。磁轭31将主磁钢32和副磁钢33固定，副磁钢33环绕设置于主磁钢32的周侧。所述磁轭31与所述振膜21固定于所述盆架10沿所述振动系统20的振动方向的相对两端，延伸部12盖设于所述副磁钢33背离所述磁轭31的一侧，在延伸部12为导磁材料的情况下，延伸部12可以充当导磁板使用。
进一步的，请参见图7，磁轭31于中心处贯穿形成开孔310，所述第一空腔320、所述第二空腔340与所述开孔310同轴设置。该实施例通过在磁轭31中心设置开孔310，能够调节负刚度非线性。
进一步的，请参见图2、图3和图6，所述磁路系统30还包括至少部分收容于所述第一空腔320内的磁性组件35以及经所述第二空腔340将所述磁性组件35和所述振膜21连接的连接件36。
在本实施例中，请参见图3，在磁路系统30上增加磁性组件35和连接件36，磁性组件35和球顶214通过连接件36连接，当振膜21位于初始位置时，新增的磁性组件35和电磁组件（包括主磁钢32、副磁钢33以及主极板34）对振动区的作用力为零；在振膜21振动的过程中，磁性组件35和电磁组件对振动区的作用力与振动区的振动位移方向相同，即为扬声器100提供负刚度，提高振动系统20悬置和磁路系统30悬置振幅，进一步增大双面发声的低频灵敏度。
请参见图2和图3，磁性组件35包括收容于所述第一空腔320内且连接于所述连接件36的远离所述振膜21一侧的第一磁性件351。
请参见图2、图3和图6，所述磁性组件35还包括固定于所述磁轭31且设置于所述第一空腔320内的第二磁性件352；所述第二磁性件352贯穿形成第三空腔3520，所述第三空腔3520与所述第二空腔340同轴设置；所述第一磁性件351收容于所述第三空腔3520内并与所述第二磁性件352相间隔。
优选的，所述第一磁性件351为磁钢，所述第二磁性件352为磁钢或者导磁件或者为导磁材料和不导磁材料交替层叠形成的结构。所述连接件36采用非导磁材料制成。
在本实施例中，在设置第一磁性件351的基础上设置第二磁性件352，可以进一步调节扬声器100的负刚度的非线性，使得负刚度更对称。从而提高扬声器100的低频频响，改善扬声器失真。
请参见图3和图5，弹性连接件40固定于磁轭31，磁轭31通过弹性连接件40连接盆架10，所述振膜21、所述磁轭31、所述盆架10以及所述弹性连接件40之间密封围设形成后腔1001。
具体的，请参见图2-图5，弹性连接件40包括与所述磁轭31连接的第一固接部41、由所述第一固接部41的周缘弯折延伸的弹性部42、由所述弹性部42远离所述第一固接部41的一侧向远离所述第一固接部41弯折延伸的第二固接部43；所述第二固接部43与所述盆架10连接。其中，弹性部42可设置为朝向磁路系统30或背向磁路系统30的一侧凸起的弧形结构，或者弹性部42的截面可以为W型、C型或S型，可以根据具体的需求进行选择。
作为一种实施例，请参见图4和图5，弹性连接件40包括第一固接部41、由第一固接部41的周缘弯折延伸的第一弹性部421、由第一弹性部421的周缘朝远离第一固接部41的一侧弯折延伸的第二弹性部422、由第二弹性部422远离第一弹性部421的一侧向远离所述第二弹性部422弯折延伸的第二固接部43。第一固接部41上形成贯穿所述第一固接部41的通孔401，第一弹性部421和第二弹性部422呈凸起的弧形结构，作为一种实施例，第一弹性部421和第二弹性部422的凸起方向相反。示例性的，第一弹性部421背向磁路系统30的一侧凸起，第二弹性部422朝向离磁路系统30的一侧凸起。第一固接部41、第一弹性部421、第二弹性部422以及第二固接部43的高度在振动系统20的振动方向上呈阶梯分布。磁轭31盖设于通孔401并与第一固接部41连接，第二固接部43连接盆架10。
本实施例中，通电音圈23与磁路系统30相互作用使得振动系统20振动发声的同时，由于磁路系统30通过弹性连接件40悬置，因此，磁路系统30产生与振动系统20的振动方向相反的振动，磁路系统30与振动系统20共同形成两个悬置系统。并使得两个悬置系统的激励互为作用力与反作用力，使得扬声器100连接终端设备使用时，受力减小，起到一定减振效果，从而避免出现壳振问题。
进一步的，请参见图2、图3和图8，扬声器100还包括分别固定于盆架10相对两侧的上壳体50和下壳体60，所述上壳体50和所述下壳体60分别固定于所述盆架10的相对两侧，所述上壳体50、所述振膜21以及所述盆架10之间围设形成供振动系统的声音输出的第一前腔1002，所述下壳体60、所述磁轭31以及所述盆架10之间围设形成供磁轭31振动产生的声音输出的第二前腔1003。进一步的，所述上壳体50设有用于连通所述第一前腔1002和外界的第一出声口502，所述下壳体60与所述上壳体50连接，所述上壳体50和所述下壳体60之间形成有用于连通所述第二前腔1003和外界的第二出声口602。本实施例中，请参见图6，上壳体50和下壳体60相互固定，以使第一出声口502和第二出声口602合并之后连接终端设备，实现扬声器100双面发声，减振的同时提高发声灵敏度。
进一步的，所述弹性连接件40为单质阻尼材料、高分子复合阻尼材料以及金属复合阻尼结构中的一种或多种制成。
需要指出的是，所述弹性连接件40采用的材料如所述单质阻尼材料、所述高分子复合阻尼材料以及所述金属复合阻尼结构均为本领域用作弹性结构的常规材料，这些材料的作用是为了调节阻尼弹性。
其中，所述单质阻尼材料为阻尼橡胶和/或发泡泡棉。所述弹性连接件40通过胶水粘合固定的方式固定于所述盆架10和所述磁轭31。所述阻尼橡胶和所述发泡泡棉均为本领域用作弹性结构的常规材料。
其中，所述金属复合阻尼结构为高阻尼金属和/或约束层阻尼结构。当所述弹性连接件40为所述金属复合阻尼结构时，所述弹性连接件40通过胶水粘合固定和/或电热焊接的方式分别固定于所述盆架10和所述磁轭31。所述高阻尼金属和所述约束层阻尼结构均为本领域用作弹性结构的常规材料。
其中，所述高分子复合阻尼材料为颗粒参杂纤维参杂和/或层合板类复合材料。当所述弹性连接件40为所述高分子复合阻尼材料时，所述弹性连接件40通过胶水粘合固定和/或超声波焊接的方式分别固定于所述盆架10和所述磁轭31。所述颗粒参杂纤维参杂和所述层合板类复合材均为本领域用作弹性结构的常规材料。
以上所述的仅是本申请的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种扬声器，包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统以及驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，所述磁路系统包括支撑固定于所述盆架的磁轭，其特征在于，所述扬声器还包括弹性连接件，所述弹性连接件连接所述磁轭和所述盆架以支撑所述磁路系统振动，所述振膜、所述磁轭、所述盆架以及所述弹性连接件之间密封围设形成后腔；所述磁路系统和所述振动系统的振动方向相反；所述扬声器还包括分别固定于所述盆架相对两侧的上壳体和下壳体，所述上壳体、所述振膜以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第一前腔，所述下壳体、所述磁轭以及所述盆架之间围设形成供声音输出的第二前腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述上壳体设有用于连通所述第一前腔和外界的第一出声口，所述下壳体与所述上壳体连接，所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间形成有用于连通所述第二前腔和外界的第二出声口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述弹性连接件包括与所述磁轭连接的第一固接部、由所述第一固接部的周缘弯折延伸的弹性部、由所述弹性部远离所述第一固接部的一侧向远离所述第一固接部弯折延伸的第二固接部；所述第二固接部与所述盆架连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述弹性连接件为单质阻尼材料、高分子复合阻尼材料以及金属复合阻尼结构中的一种或多种制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁路系统包括固定于所述磁轭的主磁钢、与所述主磁钢间隔设置并形成磁间隙的副磁钢以及盖设于所述主磁钢远离所述磁轭一侧的主极板；所述主磁钢于中心处贯穿形成第一空腔，所述主极板于中心处贯穿形成第二空腔，所述第一空腔和所述第二空腔相连通；所述磁路系统还包括至少部分收容于所述第一空腔内的磁性组件以及经所述第二空腔将所述磁性组件和所述振膜连接的连接件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁轭于中心处贯穿形成开孔，所述第一空腔、所述第二空腔与所述开孔同轴设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁性组件包括收容于所述第一空腔内且连接于所述连接件的远离所述振膜一侧的第一磁性件。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁性组件还包括固定于所述磁轭且设置于所述第一空腔内的第二磁性件；所述第二磁性件贯穿形成第三空腔，所述第三空腔与所述第二空腔同轴设置；所述第一磁性件收容于所述第三空腔内并与所述第二磁性件相间隔。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述连接件采用非导磁材料制成。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述第一磁性件为磁钢，所述第二磁性件为磁钢或者导磁件或者为导磁材料和不导磁材料交替层叠形成的结构。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述盆架包括具有收容空间的主体部以及收容于所述收容空间并自所述主体部延伸的延伸部，所述磁轭与所述振膜固定于所述盆架沿所述振动系统的振动方向的相对两端，所述延伸部盖设于所述副磁钢背离所述磁轭的一侧。
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