WO2026007129A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置

Info

Publication number
WO2026007129A1
WO2026007129A1 PCT/CN2024/104037 CN2024104037W WO2026007129A1 WO 2026007129 A1 WO2026007129 A1 WO 2026007129A1 CN 2024104037 W CN2024104037 W CN 2024104037W WO 2026007129 A1 WO2026007129 A1 WO 2026007129A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
pressure relief
segment
battery cell
relief component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/104037
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
全超
刘双旭
刘思轲
顾明光
李耀
李伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202480004113.0A priority Critical patent/CN121646845A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2024/104037 priority patent/WO2026007129A1/zh
Publication of WO2026007129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026007129A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, specifically to a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • pressure relief components are usually installed on them. These components release the internal pressure of the battery cell when it reaches a predetermined condition.
  • the electrode assembly expands and deforms, causing the outer casing that houses the electrode assembly to also bulge and deform. This makes the pressure relief components on the outer casing prone to damage, reducing the reliability of the battery cell.
  • this application provides a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device that can alleviate the problem of damage to pressure relief components during battery use.
  • this application provides a battery cell, comprising: an electrode assembly including at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode, wherein the at least one positive electrode and the at least one negative electrode are stacked to form a flat region, and at least a portion of the positive electrode and at least a portion of the negative electrode are stacked in the flat region along a first direction; a housing for accommodating the electrode assembly, the housing including a first wall; and a pressure relief component disposed on the first wall, the pressure relief component having a first groove, the pressure relief component being configured to split along at least a portion of the first groove when the battery cell is depressurized; wherein the first groove includes a first groove segment extending along a straight trajectory, the length direction of the first groove segment being perpendicular to the first direction, and the dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment in the first direction being W, 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.8mm.
  • the damage, cracking and leakage caused by the expansion and deformation of the electrode assembly in the weakest area of the first tank section can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of low-cycle fatigue to a certain extent and improving the reliability of the battery cell; at the same time, it makes the material flow uniform during the manufacturing process, improves the appearance qualification rate, reduces manufacturing defects, and improves the manufacturing yield of the product.
  • the pressure relief component is welded and fixed to the first wall portion.
  • the pressure relief component is installed on the first wall portion, and the dimension W of the bottom surface of the first groove section in the first direction satisfies: 0.4mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.75mm, optionally, 0.44mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.65mm.
  • the maximum width of the second groove is not greater than the maximum width of the first groove.
  • the first groove further includes two second groove segments disposed opposite to each other.
  • the two ends of the first groove segment are respectively connected to one end of each of the two second groove segments, and the other ends of the two second groove segments are connected to both ends of the second groove.
  • the first groove segment, the two second groove segments, and the second groove together define a predetermined pressure relief area.
  • the pressure relief component is integrally formed with the first wall portion, the extension direction of the first groove segment intersects with the first direction, and the dimension W of the bottom surface of the first groove segment in the first direction satisfies: 0.35mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.5mm, optionally, 0.38mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the first groove defines at least one predetermined pressure relief area
  • the pressure relief component is provided with a second groove configured to guide at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief area to flip, thereby opening at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief area.
  • the second groove can guide the predetermined pressure relief area to open, thereby improving the opening effect of the predetermined pressure relief area of the pressure relief component. This, in turn, can increase the pressure relief rate of the battery cell during thermal runaway, reducing the risk of fire, explosion, or connection failure caused by untimely pressure relief, and improving the reliability of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief component has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first groove is disposed on the first surface, and the second groove is disposed on the second surface.
  • the first groove and the second groove are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface, such that the first groove and the second groove are located on both sides of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction, so as to facilitate the processing of the first groove and the second groove on both sides of the pressure relief component, which helps to reduce the mutual influence between the first groove and the second groove during the processing.
  • the first surface is the surface of the pressure relief component facing the outside of the housing
  • the second surface is the surface of the pressure relief component facing the inside of the housing.
  • the first surface is the outer surface of the pressure relief component facing the housing.
  • the first groove is located on the outer side of the pressure relief component, facilitating its fabrication on the outside of the battery cell. This reduces the difficulty of forming the first groove and improves the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the second surface is the inner surface of the pressure relief component facing the outer casing, placing the second groove on the inner side of the pressure relief component. This design minimizes the risk of the second groove abutting against each other on opposite sides during the outward opening of the predetermined pressure relief area, thus increasing the opening area of the predetermined pressure relief area. Furthermore, the second groove is not exposed to the outside of the battery cell, reducing the risk of oxidation and corrosion of the pressure relief component in the groove area.
  • the pressure relief component has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other.
  • the first groove segment includes multiple levels of grooves arranged sequentially from the first surface toward the direction closer to the second surface. In two adjacent levels of grooves, the first-level groove furthest from the first surface is disposed on the bottom surface of the first-level groove closest to the first surface. The first-level groove furthest from the first surface among the multiple levels of grooves is the first-level groove.
  • the minimum residual thickness of the first-level groove is the minimum residual thickness of the first groove segment, and the bottom surface of the first-level groove is the bottom surface of the first groove segment.
  • each level of groove can be processed sequentially along the direction from the first surface to the second surface when forming the groove segment. This reduces the forming depth of each level of groove, lowers the forming force experienced by the pressure relief component when forming the first notched groove, and reduces the risk of the pressure relief component being damaged during the forming of the first notched groove.
  • the first groove is stamped onto the pressure relief component.
  • the first groove is stamped onto the pressure relief component, and the forming method of the first groove is simple, which helps to reduce the production cost of individual battery cells.
  • the housing includes a shell and an end cap, the shell having an opening on at least one side, the end cap being connected to the shell and used to close the opening, and the first wall portion being formed in the shell.
  • the housing has openings on opposite sides, and two end caps are used to close the openings on the corresponding sides.
  • two openings on the housing the manufacturing and shaping of the housing can be facilitated, and the electrode assembly can be led out from both ends with tabs, thereby facilitating the separate arrangement of the two electrical connections and reducing the risk of short circuits in individual battery cells.
  • the first wall portion is used to support the electrode assembly and is located below the electrode assembly.
  • the pressure relief component can be provided at the bottom of the battery cell, and the bottom of the battery cell can be provided with an exhaust channel.
  • the exhaust channel is connected to the pressure relief component so that when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is discharged through the pressure relief component at the bottom into the exhaust channel, and then discharged to the outside.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device in the related technology
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery in the related technology
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of a single battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly provided in some other embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the housing provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of circle B in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of circle C in Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view along line D-D in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is an enlarged view of circle E in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief component provided in some other embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief component installed on a first wall according to some embodiments of this application.
  • Battery 1000 Battery 1000, vehicle 2000, battery cell 100, casing 200, part 1 201, part 1 202.
  • Electrode assembly 20 positive electrode 21, negative electrode 22, straight region 23, bending region 24
  • Pressure relief component 40 predetermined pressure relief area 401, first surface 40a, second surface 40b.
  • First groove 41 First groove 41, first groove segment 411, first-level groove 4111, second groove segment 412, first straight segment 413, second straight segment 414, arc segment 415, third straight segment 416, second groove 42.
  • the term "and/or” is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
  • multiple means two or more (including two).
  • the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged.
  • the battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or mixed via a busbar.
  • the battery can be a battery module, and when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.
  • the battery can be a battery pack, which includes a housing and individual battery cells, with the individual battery cells or battery modules housed within the housing.
  • the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure.
  • a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.
  • the battery can be an energy storage device.
  • Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.
  • a pressure relief component can be installed on the outer casing of the battery cell. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the pressure inside the battery cell can be released through the pressure relief component to improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • the electrode assembly of a battery cell expands, causing the outer casing to bulge and deform. This bulging is transmitted to the surface of the pressure relief component, causing inward concavity and stretching on that surface. Particularly in the direction of significant electrode assembly expansion, the grooves will experience substantial strain.
  • the expansion force of a battery cell is large when fully charged and small when discharged. Over long-term use, this expansion force amplitude fluctuates considerably during charging and discharging, coupled with internal gas generation within the battery cell and various external constraints. This can lead to large strain and strain amplitude in the groove, resulting in low-cycle fatigue in the pressure relief components. As a result, individual battery cells are prone to problems such as cracking, failure, and leakage of the pressure relief components before they reach the warranty period.
  • a battery cell including: an electrode assembly including at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode, wherein the at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode are stacked to form a flat region, and at least a portion of the positive electrode and at least a portion of the negative electrode are stacked in the flat region along a first direction; a housing for accommodating the electrode assembly, the housing including a first wall; the battery cell further includes a pressure relief component, the pressure relief component being disposed in the first wall, the pressure relief component being provided with a first groove, and the pressure relief component being configured to be able to crack along at least a portion of the first groove when the battery cell is depressurized.
  • the first groove includes multiple groove segments, and the multiple groove segments include at least the first groove segment.
  • the minimum residual thickness of the first groove segment is less than or equal to the minimum residual thickness of the other groove segments, and the dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment in the first direction is not less than 0.15 mm.
  • the damage, cracking, and leakage caused by the expansion and deformation of the electrode assembly in the weakest area of the first tank section can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of low-cycle fatigue and improving the reliability of the battery cell to a certain extent.
  • Electrical devices can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc.
  • Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
  • Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.
  • FIG 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 2000 provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • a battery 1000 is disposed inside the vehicle 2000, and the battery 1000 may be located at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 2000.
  • the battery 1000 can be used to power the vehicle 2000; for example, the battery 1000 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 2000.
  • the vehicle 2000 may also include a controller and a motor.
  • the controller is used to control the battery 1000 to power the motor, for example, for the power needs of the vehicle 2000 during startup, navigation and driving.
  • the battery 1000 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 2000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 2000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 2000.
  • the battery 1000 includes a battery cell 100 and a housing 200, the housing 200 being used to house the battery cell 100.
  • the housing 200 is a component that houses the battery cell 100, providing a placement space for the battery cell 100.
  • the housing 200 can adopt various structures.
  • the housing 200 may include a first portion 201 and a second portion 202, which overlap each other to define a placement space for accommodating the battery cell 100.
  • the first portion 201 and the second portion 202 can be various shapes, such as cuboids, cylinders, etc.
  • the first portion 201 can be a hollow structure open on one side, and the second portion 202 can also be a hollow structure open on one side, with the open side of the second portion 202 overlapping the open side of the first portion 201, thus forming a housing 200 with a placement space.
  • the first portion 201 can be a hollow structure open on one side
  • the second portion 202 can be a plate-like structure, with the second portion 202 overlapping the open side of the first portion 201, thus forming a housing 200 with a placement space.
  • the battery cell 100 can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell 100 of other shapes.
  • Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries. This application does not have any particular limitations.
  • battery 1000 there can be one or more battery cells 100. If there are multiple battery cells 100, they can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration.
  • a mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 100 are connected in both series and parallel.
  • multiple battery cells 100 can be first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 200.
  • Another option is that all battery cells 100 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the whole consisting of all battery cells 100 is housed within the housing 200.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell 100 provided in some embodiments of this application
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell 100 provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell 10 may include a housing 10 and an electrode assembly 20.
  • the housing 10 is used to house the electrode assembly 20 and electrolyte components.
  • the housing 10 can be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, a plastic housing (such as a polypropylene housing), a composite metal housing (such as a copper-aluminum composite housing), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc.
  • the housing 10 may include a housing 101 and an end cap 102.
  • the housing 101 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or it can be a hollow structure with openings at both opposite ends.
  • the housing 101 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • End cap 102 is a component that closes the opening of housing 101 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 100 from the external environment. End cap 102 and housing 101 together define a space for accommodating electrode assembly 20, electrolyte, and other components. End cap 102 can be connected to housing 101 by welding or roll sealing to close the opening of housing 101.
  • the shape of end cap 102 can be adapted to the shape of housing 10; for example, if housing 101 is a cuboid structure, end cap 102 can be a rectangular plate structure adapted to housing 10. End cap 102 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, or aluminum alloy.
  • the battery cell 10 there can be one or two end caps 102.
  • the housing 101 is a hollow structure with openings at both ends, two end caps 102 can be provided, each closing one of the two openings of the housing 101, and the two end caps 102 together with the housing 101 define an accommodating space.
  • one end cap 102 can be provided, closing one opening of the housing 101, and the one end cap 102 together with the housing 101 define an accommodating space.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator.
  • active ions such as lithium ions
  • the separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits between them while allowing active ions to pass through.
  • the positive electrode can be a positive electrode sheet 21, and the positive electrode sheet 22 can include a positive current collector and a positive active material region disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector, the positive active material region having a positive active material.
  • the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material region is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.
  • the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet 22, which may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material region disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material region is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.
  • the electrode assembly 20 further includes an isolator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the separator is a separator membrane. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator membrane; any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.
  • the separator is a solid electrolyte.
  • the solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the battery cell 100 also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes.
  • an electrolyte acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type of electrolyte; it can be selected according to requirements.
  • the electrolyte can be liquid, gel-like, or solid.
  • the electrode assembly 20 is a wound structure.
  • the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into a wound structure.
  • the electrode assembly 20 has a stacked structure.
  • multiple positive electrode plates 21 and multiple negative electrode plates 22 can be set, and multiple positive electrode plates 21 and multiple negative electrode plates 22 can be stacked alternately.
  • multiple positive electrode plates 21 can be provided, and multiple negative electrode plates 22 can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.
  • both the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.
  • multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.
  • the separator can be continuously arranged between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates by folding or rolling.
  • the electrode assembly 20 may be flat or polygonal in shape.
  • the electrode assembly 20 is provided with tabs that can conduct current from the electrode assembly 20.
  • the tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the battery cell 100 may further include an electrical connection portion, which may be disposed on the housing 10.
  • the electrical connection portion is used to electrically connect with the tabs of the electrode assembly 20 to output electrical energy from the battery cell 10.
  • the electrical connection portion and the tabs may be directly connected, for example, by direct welding.
  • the electrical connection portion and the tabs may be indirectly connected, for example, through a current collector.
  • the current collector may be a metallic conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, or aluminum alloy.
  • two electrical connection parts can be provided on the end cover 102.
  • the two electrical connection parts are a positive connection part and a negative connection part, respectively.
  • the positive connection part is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab
  • the negative connection part is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electrode assembly 20 provided in some embodiments of this application
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the electrode assembly 20 provided in other embodiments of this application.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22.
  • the positive electrode 21 ...
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode body and a positive electrode tab.
  • the positive electrode tab extends from one end of the positive electrode body. Most of the area of the positive electrode tab is not coated with positive active material, while most of the area of the positive electrode body is coated with positive active material.
  • the negative electrode plate 22 includes a negative electrode body and a negative electrode tab.
  • the negative electrode tab extends from one end of the negative electrode body. Most of the area of the negative electrode tab is not coated with negative active material, while most of the area of the negative electrode body is coated with negative active material.
  • the positive electrode body and the negative electrode body constitute the main body of the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a plurality of wound electrodes, and the electrode assembly 20 includes a straight region 23 and a bend region 24 connected to the end of the straight region 23.
  • the straight region 23 refers to the part of the electrode sheet that extends along the plane after winding; the bending region 24 refers to the part of the electrode sheet that extends along the arc surface after winding.
  • the straight region 23 the part between the front surface and the rear surface of the electrode assembly 20 is formed as the straight region 23.
  • the extension direction of the electrode sheet in the straight region 23 is the length direction of the straight region 23.
  • the length dimension of the straight region 23 in the left and right direction is B1, and the left and right ends of the straight region 23 are the bending regions 24.
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes multiple electrode sheets arranged in layers, and the electrode assembly 20 has a flat region 23.
  • Electrode sheets arranged in a stacked manner such as at least one positive electrode sheet 21 and at least one negative electrode sheet 22, are stacked to form an electrode assembly 20.
  • the flat region 23 is formed by stacking at least a portion of the positive electrode sheet 21 and the negative electrode sheet 22, or it can be formed by stacking at least a portion of the positive electrode sheet 21 and the negative electrode sheet 22.
  • the extension direction of the electrode sheets in the flat region 23 is the length direction of the flat region 23, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the length dimension of the flat region 23 in the left-right direction is B1.
  • Figures 7-11 are schematic diagrams of the housing 10 provided in some embodiments of this application;
  • Figures 12-16 are schematic diagrams of the pressure relief component 40 provided in some embodiments of this application;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of this application installed on the first wall.
  • a battery cell 100 includes: an electrode assembly 20 and a housing 10, including at least one positive electrode 21 and at least one negative electrode 22, wherein at least one positive electrode 21 and at least one negative electrode 22 are stacked to form a flat region 23, and at least a portion of the positive electrode 21 and at least a portion of the negative electrode 22 are stacked in the flat region 23 along a first direction F1; the housing 10 is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 20, and the housing 10 includes a first wall portion 11; the battery cell 100 also includes a pressure relief component 40, which is disposed in the first wall portion 11, and the pressure relief component 40 is provided with a first groove 41, and the pressure relief component 40 is configured to be able to crack along at least a portion of the first groove 41 when the battery cell 100 is depressurized.
  • the first groove 41 includes a first groove segment 411 extending along a straight trajectory.
  • the length direction of the first groove segment 411 is perpendicular to the first direction F1.
  • the dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is W, 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.8mm.
  • the outer casing 10 refers to the outermost structural component of the battery cell 100.
  • the outer casing 10 contains the electrode assembly 20 and electrolyte, etc.
  • the electrode assembly 20 can be a stacked type, that is, multiple electrodes of the electrode assembly 20 are stacked and arranged in layers. After the electrodes are stacked, a flat region 23 is formed. In the flat region 23, at least a portion of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are stacked along the first direction F1, or at least a portion of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are stacked along the first direction F1. Thus, the expansion and deformation of the electrode assembly 20 is particularly obvious in the first direction F1.
  • the electrode assembly 20 can also be wound.
  • the positive electrode 21 and negative electrode 22 of the electrode assembly 20 are wound together with the separator and formed, and a flat region 23 is formed.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are stacked along the first direction F1.
  • each layer of the positive electrode 21 and each layer of the negative electrode 22 can be penetrated by an axis extending along the first direction F1.
  • the expansion and deformation of the electrode assembly 20 is particularly obvious in the first direction F1.
  • the outer casing 10 includes a first wall portion 11 and two second wall portions 12.
  • the two second wall portions 12 are located on both sides of the electrode assembly 20 in the first direction F1. Most of the expansion of the electrode assembly 20 will act on the second wall portions 12.
  • the first wall portion 11 is located on one side of the electrode assembly 20 in the second direction F2.
  • the second direction F2 is perpendicular to the first direction F1.
  • the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11 is the second direction F2.
  • a pressure relief component 40 is provided on the first wall portion 11.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is a component used to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 100. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 100 reaches a threshold, the pressure relief component 40 discharges the discharge medium inside the battery cell 100 to achieve the purpose of pressure relief.
  • the threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials among the positive electrode 21, negative electrode 22, electrolyte and separator in the battery cell 100.
  • the first groove 41 includes a first groove segment 411, which extends along a straight trajectory.
  • the length direction of the first groove segment 411 is perpendicular to the first direction F1, as shown in Figures 8 and 12.
  • the first groove segment 411 extends along the third direction F3.
  • the dimension W of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is the width dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411.
  • the first groove segment 411 being the weakest area of the pressure relief component 40, has the minimum residual thickness along the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11 (second direction F2), and its extension direction is perpendicular to the first direction F1.
  • second direction F2 the minimum residual thickness along the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11
  • extension direction is perpendicular to the first direction F1.
  • the weaker the ability to deform in direction F1 the greater the strain and strain amplitude generated at the first slot section 411 during the long-term charge and discharge of the battery cell 100, the more likely the pressure relief component 40 is to fail due to low-cycle fatigue cracking, resulting in lower long-term reliability.
  • the material at the groove position will be squeezed to the sides.
  • the bottom width of the first groove section 411 when the bottom width of the first groove section 411 is larger, more material will be squeezed to the sides at the first groove section 411 position.
  • the requirements for manufacturing equipment such as stamping machine tool
  • tonnage and precision the requirements for manufacturing equipment (such as stamping machine tool)
  • tonnage and precision the requirements for manufacturing equipment (such as stamping machine tool)
  • tonnage and precision will be higher, and the pressure relief component 40 is more prone to uneven material flow, resulting in unqualified appearance dimensions or other internal micro-defects, which in turn leads to a reduction in the manufacturing yield of the pressure relief component 40.
  • the bottom surface dimension W of the first groove segment 411 is limited to between 0.3mm and 0.8mm.
  • W can be any one of 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, and 0.8mm, or a range between any two. This increases the size of the weak area to a certain extent, increases the ability of the first groove segment 411 to withstand deformation in the first direction F1, and reduces the deformation of the pressure relief component 40 at the first groove segment 411.
  • the battery cell 100 can, to a certain extent, avoid the low-cycle fatigue abnormal valve opening of the pressure relief component 40 due to the narrowest area, reduce the probability of the pressure relief component 40 being torn and damaged, and improve the reliability of the battery cell 100. At the same time, it makes the material flow uniform during the manufacturing process, improves the appearance qualification rate, reduces manufacturing defects, and improves the manufacturing yield of the product.
  • the damage, cracking and leakage caused by the expansion and deformation of the electrode assembly 20 in the weakest area of the first tank section 411 can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby reducing the probability of low-cycle fatigue and improving the reliability of the battery cell 100; at the same time, it makes the material flow uniform during the manufacturing process, improves the appearance qualification rate, reduces manufacturing defects, and improves the manufacturing yield of the product.
  • a positive electrode slurry was prepared in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) by mixing positive electrode active material LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1O2, conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with positive electrode active material LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1O2, Super P, and PVDF in a mass ratio of 8:1:1.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • PVDF binder polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the positive electrode slurry was coated on the upper and lower surfaces of current collector aluminum foil and dried at 85°C. After cold pressing, the foil was trimmed, cut into sheets, and slit. Finally, it was dried under vacuum at 85°C for 4 hours to produce the positive electrode sheet.
  • Graphite, conductive agent Super P, thickener carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed evenly in deionized water to prepare a negative electrode slurry.
  • the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 30 wt%, and the mass ratio of graphite, silicon suboxide, Super P, CMC, and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in the solid components is 88:7:3:2.
  • the negative electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil and dried at 85°C. Then, it is cold-pressed, trimmed, cut into sheets, and slit. Finally, it is dried under vacuum at 120°C for 12 hours to prepare the negative electrode sheet.
  • the thoroughly dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 was dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent included ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50) and mixed evenly to obtain a liquid electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol/L.
  • the mixed solvent included ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC)
  • ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50) and mixed evenly to obtain a liquid electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol/L.
  • a 16 ⁇ m polyethylene film was used as the separator.
  • the positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode are stacked in sequence, with the separator positioned between the positive and negative electrodes to isolate them.
  • the cells are then wound to obtain a bare cell.
  • the tabs are welded on, and the bare cell is placed inside an aluminum casing.
  • the electrolyte prepared above is injected into the dried casing. The process includes encapsulation, settling, formation, shaping, and capacity testing to complete the preparation of the lithium-ion battery.
  • a pressure relief component is integrally stamped on the outer shell.
  • the outer shell is a cuboid structure with an opening at one end.
  • the wall of the shell opposite to the end cap is the first wall, which is rectangular.
  • the shell is made of aluminum alloy.
  • the first wall is provided with a pressure relief component.
  • the first groove segment with the minimum residual thickness of the first groove is measured.
  • the first groove segment extends along a first direction.
  • the first wall portion is cut along a surface perpendicular to the first direction, and W is measured on the cut surface.
  • the difference between the various embodiments and comparative examples lies in the different width dimensions of the first groove segment in the first direction, as shown in Table 1.
  • the method for measuring the fatigue cycles of a single battery cell is as follows.
  • the fixture consists of three 10mm steel plates (first steel plate, second steel plate, and third steel plate). Each steel plate can completely cover the large surface of the battery cell.
  • the first and third steel plates are located at both ends of the fixture and are fixed by bolts.
  • the second steel plate is located between the first and third steel plates and is constrained by guide rails. The second steel plate can only move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the steel plate.
  • the battery cell can be installed between the first and second steel plates, and the large surface of the battery cell (the surface with the largest outer surface area of the battery cell) is in contact with the first and second steel plates.
  • a pressure sensor is installed between the second and third steel plates.
  • test procedure shall be performed in accordance with the "Standard Cycle Life” section 6.4 of "GBT31484-2015 Requirements and Test Methods for Cycle Life of Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles", and the test cycle cutoff condition shall be changed to "the test shall be stopped until the groove of the pressure relief component is damaged".
  • the test process involves continuously observing the pressure relief components of the battery cells until the pressure relief components leak liquid. The number of cycles is recorded as the number of fatigue failures of the battery cells. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is welded and fixed to the first wall portion 11.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is installed on the first wall portion 11.
  • the dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is W, which satisfies: 0.4mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.75mm.
  • the pressure relief component 40 and the outer casing 10 are two separate components, which are molded separately and then assembled together.
  • the pressure relief component 40 can be a component such as an explosion-proof disc, explosion-proof valve, or safety valve.
  • the pressure relief component 40 can be installed on the first wall portion 11 by means of bonding, welding, etc.
  • the first wall portion 11 is provided with a through hole, and the pressure relief component 40 is installed in the through hole.
  • the pressure relief component 40 opens at least part of the through hole, and the discharge medium inside the battery cell 100 is discharged through the through hole. To release the pressure inside the battery cell 100.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is a component independent of the outer casing 10, the pressure relief component 40 and the outer casing 10 can be manufactured and reassembled separately, which is easy to produce and highly efficient.
  • the overall rigidity of the wall of the outer shell 10 (i.e. the first wall 11) is relatively small.
  • the greater the deformation of the first wall 11 and the pressure relief component 40 the greater the width W of the first groove 41 needs to be.
  • the width of the first groove segment 411 with small residual thickness in the first direction F1 needs to be increased.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is manufactured separately. First, the shape of the groove is stamped out with a thin sheet, and then the excess material is removed to form the pressure relief component 40. During the stamping process, there is less material flow and a larger material flow space, so that a larger groove width can be achieved while meeting the requirements of product yield.
  • the dimension W of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is limited to between 0.4mm and 0.75mm.
  • W can be any one of 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, and 0.75mm, or a range between any two.
  • W can be any one of the following values: 0.44mm, 0.45mm, 0.46mm, 0.47mm, 0.48mm, 0.49mm, 0.5mm, 0.51mm, 0.52mm, 0.53mm, 0.54mm, 0.55mm, 0.56mm, 0.57mm, 0.58mm, 0.59mm, 0.6mm, 0.61mm, 0.62mm, 0.63mm, 0.64mm, 0.65mm, or a range between any two.
  • the width D of the first wall portion 11 is between 20mm and 80mm.
  • the width D of the first wall portion 11 is any one of 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, and 80mm, or a range between any two.
  • the width W of the first groove segment 411 will be too small, and the ability of the first groove segment 411 to withstand deformation in the first direction F1 will be weaker.
  • the strain and strain amplitude generated at the first groove segment 411 will be greater, and the pressure relief component 40 will be more prone to low-cycle fatigue cracking failure, resulting in lower long-term reliability.
  • a first groove 41 defines at least one predetermined pressure relief region 401.
  • a pressure relief component 40 is provided with a second groove 42, which is configured to guide at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief region 401 to flip, thereby opening at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief region 401.
  • the second groove 42 is a flipping groove provided on the pressure relief component 40. When the pressure relief component 40 splits along at least a portion of the first groove 41, the second groove 42 can guide at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief region 401 to flip.
  • the shape of the second groove 42 can be various; for example, the second groove 42 can be a groove extending along an arc trajectory, or it can be a groove extending along a straight trajectory.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second notch 42 can be various, such as rectangular, Trapezoids, etc.
  • the second groove 42 it can be manufactured in the same way as the first groove 41, for example, by using a stamping process.
  • a corresponding groove with a small width can be formed, thereby forming a second groove 42 with a narrower size and a larger residual thickness.
  • the above-mentioned arrangement facilitates the processing and forming of the second groove 42, and to a certain extent avoids the situation where the strength at the second groove 42 is too great, making it difficult for the battery cell 100 to depressurize in the predetermined manner, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 100.
  • the residual thickness of the second groove 42 is greater than the residual thickness of the first groove 41.
  • the strength of the area where the pressure relief component 40 is provided with the first groove 41 can be less than the strength of the area where the pressure relief component 40 is provided with the second groove 42, so that the pressure relief component 40 can preferentially crack along the first groove 41 to achieve rapid opening of the predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the first groove 41 further includes two second groove segments 412, which are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first groove segment 411 is connected to one end of the two second groove segments 412, and the other end of the two second groove segments 412 is connected to both ends of the second groove 42.
  • the first groove segment 411, the two second groove segments 412, and the second groove 42 together define a predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove 42 are arranged opposite to each other and are parallel to each other.
  • the two ends of the first groove segment 411 are respectively connected to the two second groove segments 412, and the two ends of the second groove 42 are respectively connected to the two second groove segments 412.
  • the two second groove segments 412, the first groove segment 411, and the second groove 42 form a closed annular structure.
  • the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the annular structure forms the predetermined opening boundary of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, that is, the predetermined opening boundary is surrounded by the outer edge of the orthographic projection of the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 in the second direction F2.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove 42 extend along a straight trajectory, as shown in Figure 12.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove 42 extend along a third direction F3.
  • the width dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 is W, 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.8mm.
  • the second groove segment 412 can extend along a straight trajectory, such as along the first direction F1, thereby forming a square predetermined pressure relief area 401; the second groove segment 412 can also extend along an arc trajectory, thereby forming a runway-shaped predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • first groove segment 411, the second groove 42, and the two second groove segments 412 are connected to form a ring structure, making the intersection of the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 weaker, making it easier to crack and open the predetermined pressure relief area 401 for pressure relief; at the same time, this structure is conducive to increasing the opening area of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, increasing the pressure relief area of the battery cell 100, and improving the pressure relief rate of the battery cell 100.
  • the second groove 42 is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first groove segment 411, and the second groove segment extends along a straight line and/or an arc trajectory.
  • the length of the second groove 42 is the same as that of the first groove segment 411.
  • the second groove segment 412 is a straight groove, perpendicular to the first groove segment 411, and extends along a straight trajectory, which can reduce the molding difficulty of the second groove segment 412.
  • the length of the second groove 42 is the same as that of the first groove segment 411.
  • the second groove segment 412 extends along an arc trajectory and is an arc-shaped groove. As a result, the pressure relief component 40 can more easily crack along the second groove segment 412 when the battery cell 100 is depressurized, so that the predetermined pressure relief area 401 can be opened more quickly.
  • the length of the second groove 42 is smaller than the length of the first groove segment 411.
  • Each second groove segment includes two parts, one part extending along an arc and the other part extending along a straight line, thereby forming a ring structure.
  • the shortened length of the second groove 42 and the increased length of the first groove 41 facilitate the faster opening of the predetermined pressure relief zone 401.
  • the pressure relief component 40 has a first surface 40a and a second surface 40b disposed opposite to each other, and the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are both disposed on the first surface 40a.
  • the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11 is the second direction F2 as shown in Figure 13.
  • One of the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b can be the outer surface of the pressure relief component 40, and the other can be the inner surface of the pressure relief component 40.
  • the outer surface of the pressure relief component 40 faces the battery cell. Externally, the inner surface of the pressure relief component 40 faces the interior of the battery cell 100.
  • the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b can be planar, and can be arranged parallel to each other or at a non-zero angle.
  • the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are provided on the first surface 40a, that is, the two grooves are recessed from the first surface toward the direction closer to the second surface, and the groove openings are formed on the first surface 40a.
  • first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are both provided on the first surface 40a, which is beneficial to the processing and forming of the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 and improves the processing efficiency.
  • the first surface 40a is the surface of the pressure relief component 40 facing the exterior of the housing 10.
  • first surface 40a is the outer surface of the pressure relief component 40, and when the pressure relief component 40 is installed on the first wall portion 11, the first surface 40a is the outer surface of the first wall portion 11.
  • the first surface 40a is the outer surface of the pressure relief component 40 facing the outer casing, so that the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are provided on the outer side of the pressure relief component 40, which facilitates the processing and forming of the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 on the outside of the battery cell 100, which helps to reduce the forming difficulty of the first groove 41 and the second groove 42, thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell 100.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is integrally formed with the first wall portion 11, the extension direction of the first groove segment 411 is perpendicular to the first direction F1, and the dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is W, which satisfies: 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.5mm, and optionally, 0.35mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the pressure relief component 40 is integrally formed with the first wall portion 11.
  • the first groove 41 can be directly set on the first wall portion 11 to form an integral structure.
  • the first wall portion 11 forms a weak area in the area where the first groove 41 is set.
  • the forming method of the pressure relief component 40 is simple, eliminating the connection process between the pressure relief component 40 and the first wall portion 11, which can reduce the production cost of the battery cell 100.
  • the wall of the outer shell 10 i.e. the first wall 11
  • the wall of the outer shell 10 has high overall rigidity.
  • the deformation of the first wall 11 is small. Therefore, the width of the first groove segment 411 can be relatively small, especially the width of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 can be relatively small.
  • the manufacturing of the groove is usually carried out by stamping.
  • the stamping area is a closed area.
  • the stamping process there is a lot of material flowing and the flow space is small. Therefore, during the manufacturing process of the first groove section 411, the larger the bottom width of the first groove section 411, the more material will be squeezed to the sides at the first groove section 411 position.
  • the requirements for manufacturing equipment such as stamping machine tool
  • the pressure relief component 40 is more prone to uneven material flow, resulting in unqualified appearance dimensions or other internal micro-defects, which in turn leads to a decrease in the manufacturing yield of the pressure relief component 40.
  • the dimension W of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 in the first direction F1 is limited to between 0.3mm and 0.5mm.
  • W can be any one of 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm or any range between two of them.
  • W can be any one of the following point values: 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, 0.41mm, 0.42mm, 0.43mm, 0.44mm, and 0.45mm, or a range between any two.
  • the first groove 41 includes a first groove segment 411 and a second groove segment 412, the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 are connected, and the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 together define a predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 are two groove segments within the first groove 41.
  • the second groove segment 412 can be a straight groove extending along a straight trajectory, or a non-straight groove extending along a non-straight trajectory, such as an arc-shaped groove extending along an arc trajectory. If both the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 extend along a straight trajectory, they can be arranged at acute, right, or obtuse angles.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 can be connected at their ends to form V-shaped, L-shaped, or other structures; they can also be arranged intersectingly. There can be multiple first groove segments 411 and second groove segments 412, which can be interconnected to form U-shaped, N-shaped, or H-shaped structures.
  • the predetermined pressure relief area 401 is defined by the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412.
  • the first groove 41 of this structure is simple. The stress is more concentrated and the position where the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 are connected is weaker. This allows the pressure relief component 40 to quickly break apart from the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 after the battery cell 100 thermally runs away. This allows the predetermined pressure relief area 401 to open more quickly and relieve pressure in a timely manner.
  • the first groove 41 includes two first groove segments 411 and one second groove segment 412. Two first slot segments 411 are arranged opposite each other, and the two first slot segments 411 are respectively connected to the second slot segment 412. The connection position of the second slot segment 412 with each first slot segment 411 is offset from the two ends of the first slot segment 411. The two first slot segments 411 and the second slot segment 412 together define a predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the two first groove segments 411 and the second groove segment 412 form an I-shaped structure, and the ends of the second groove segment 412 are respectively connected to the middle of the corresponding first groove segment 411.
  • a first straight segment 413 is defined between the ends of the two first groove segments 411 located on the same side of the second groove segment 412.
  • the outer edges of the first straight segment 413 and the orthographic projection of the first groove segment 411 in the second direction F2 constitute the predetermined opening boundary of the predetermined pressure relief area 401. That is, the predetermined opening boundary is jointly enclosed by the line connecting the multiple ends of the first groove 41 and the outer edge of the orthographic projection of a part of the first groove 41 in the second direction.
  • the connection position between the second groove segment 412 and the first groove segment 411 can be located at the midpoint of the first groove segment 411 or it can be off-center from the midpoint of the first groove segment 411.
  • Each first groove segment 411 extends along a third direction F3, and the second groove segment 412 can extend along a straight trajectory.
  • the second groove segment 412 extends along a first direction F1.
  • the dimension of the bottom surface of the second groove segment 412 is greater than 0.15mm
  • the width dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 is W, where 0.15mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.8mm.
  • the two first slot segments 411 are connected to the second slot segment 412, making the intersection of the first slot segment 411 and the second slot segment 412 weaker, making it easier to crack and open the predetermined pressure relief area 401 for pressure relief; the two first slot segments 411 are arranged opposite to each other, which can further increase the opening area of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, thereby increasing the pressure relief area of the battery cell 100 and improving the pressure relief rate of the battery cell 100.
  • the first groove 41 includes a first groove segment 411 and two second groove segments 412.
  • the two second groove segments 412 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first groove segment 411 connects the two second groove segments 412.
  • the connection position of each second groove segment 412 with the first groove segment 411 is offset from the two ends of the corresponding second groove segment 412.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the two second groove segments 412 together define a predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the two second groove segments 412 form an H-shaped structure.
  • the ends of the first groove segment 411 are connected to the middle of the corresponding second groove segment 412.
  • a second straight segment 414 is defined between the ends of the two second groove segments 412 located on the same side of the first groove segment 411.
  • the outer edges of the orthographic projections of the second straight segment 414 and the second groove segment 412 in the second direction F2 constitute the predetermined opening boundary of the predetermined pressure relief zone 401. That is, the predetermined opening boundary is jointly enclosed by the line connecting the multiple ends of the first groove 41 and the outer edge of the orthographic projection of a portion of the first groove 41 in the second direction.
  • the connection position between the second groove segment 412 and the first groove segment 411 can be located at the midpoint of the second groove segment 412 or it can be off-center from the midpoint of the second groove segment 412.
  • the first groove segment 411 extends along the third direction F3, and the second groove segment 412 can extend along a straight trajectory.
  • each second groove segment 412 extends along the first direction F1.
  • the dimension of the bottom surface of the second groove segment 412 is greater than 0.15mm
  • the width dimension of the bottom surface of the first groove segment 411 is W, where 0.15mm ⁇ W ⁇ 0.8mm.
  • the first groove segment 411 connects two second groove segments 412, making the intersection of the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 weaker, making it easier to crack and open the predetermined pressure relief area 401 for pressure relief;
  • the two second groove segments 412 are arranged opposite each other, which can further increase the opening area of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, thereby increasing the pressure relief area of the battery cell 100 and improving the pressure relief rate of the battery cell 100.
  • the first groove 41 includes a first groove segment 411 and four second groove segments 412.
  • the two ends of the first groove segment 411 are respectively connected to two second groove segments 412 arranged at a preset angle.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the four second groove segments 412 together define a predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the two ends of the first groove segment 411 are respectively connected to two second groove segments 412 arranged at a preset angle; in the second direction F2, an arc segment 415 with the vertex of the preset angle as the center is defined between the free ends of the orthographic projections of the two second groove segments 412 located at the same end of the first groove segment 411, and a third straight segment 416 is defined between the free ends of the orthographic projections of the two second groove segments 412 located on the same side of the first groove segment 411.
  • the two arc segments 415 and the two third straight segments 416 together constitute the predetermined opening boundary of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, that is, the predetermined opening boundary is enclosed by the line connecting the multiple ends of the first groove 41.
  • the second groove segment 412 can extend along a straight trajectory. Each second groove segment 412 extends in a square shape inclined to the first direction F1. The two second groove segments 412 located at the same end of the first groove segment 411 extend in opposite directions, and the two second groove segments 412 located on the same side of the first groove segment 411 extend in opposite directions. The dimension of the bottom surface of each second groove segment 412 in the first direction F1 is greater than 0.15 mm.
  • the first groove segment 411 connects to four second groove segments 412, making the intersection of the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 weaker, making it easier to crack and open the predetermined pressure relief area 401 for pressure relief; at the same time, this structure is conducive to increasing the opening area of the predetermined pressure relief area 401, increasing the pressure relief area of the battery cell 100, and improving the pressure relief rate of the battery cell 100.
  • the second groove segment 412 extends along a straight or arc trajectory.
  • the first groove segment 411 and the second groove segment 412 extend along a straight trajectory.
  • the second groove segment 412 is a straight groove and is perpendicular to the first groove segment 411. The extension of the second groove segment 412 along a straight trajectory can reduce the molding difficulty of the second groove segment 412.
  • the second groove segment 412 extends along an arc trajectory.
  • the second groove segment 412 is an arc-shaped groove.
  • the minimum residual thickness of the multiple groove segments of the first groove 41 is the same, thereby facilitating the manufacturing and forming of the multiple groove segments and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first groove 41.
  • a first groove 41 defines at least one predetermined pressure relief area 401
  • a pressure relief component 40 is provided with a second groove 42, which is configured to guide at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief area 401 to flip over to open at least a portion of the predetermined pressure relief area 401.
  • the pressure relief component 40 can split along at least a portion of the first groove 41, but generally will not split along the second groove 42.
  • the minimum thickness of the residual portion in the area where the pressure relief component 40 has the first groove 41 is less than the minimum thickness of the residual portion in the area where the pressure relief component 40 has the second groove 42, making the area where the pressure relief component 40 has the first groove 41 more prone to cracking than the area where the pressure relief component 40 has the second groove 42.
  • the second groove 42 can be formed in various ways, such as stamping or milling.
  • the shape of the second groove 42 can be varied; for example, it can be a groove extending along an arc or a groove extending along a straight line.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second groove 42 can be varied, such as rectangular or trapezoidal.
  • the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 can be directly connected, or they can be non-contacting.
  • the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 can be located on the same surface of the pressure relief component 40 along the thickness direction of the first wall portion, or they can be located on opposite surfaces of the pressure relief component 40 along the thickness direction of the first wall portion. If the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 are directly connected, they can be located on the same surface of the pressure relief component 40. If the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 are non-contacting, the projections of the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 along the thickness direction of the first wall portion can partially overlap or not overlap.
  • the minimum residual thickness of the second groove 42 is less than the minimum residual thickness of the first groove 41.
  • the minimum residual thickness of the second groove 42 is the minimum thickness of the residual portion after the pressure relief component 40 is provided with the second groove 42.
  • This residual portion can be the bottom wall of the second groove 42.
  • the thickness of the bottom wall of the second groove 42 can be uniform or non-uniform. If the thickness of the bottom wall of the second groove 42 is non-uniform, the thickness of the thinnest part of the bottom wall of the second groove 42 is the minimum residual thickness of the second groove 42.
  • the projection of the second groove 42 does not overlap with the projection of the first groove 41 along the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11.
  • the thickness direction of the first wall portion 11 is the second direction F2 as shown in Figure 15.
  • the projection of the extension line of the second groove 42 can be connected to the projection of the first groove 41, or the projection of the extension line of the first groove 41 can be connected to the projection of the second groove 42, or the projection of the extension line of the first groove 41 can be connected to the projection of the extension line of the second groove 42.
  • the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 can be disposed on the same side of the pressure relief component 40 in the thickness direction of the first wall portion.
  • the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 can both be disposed on the first surface 40a or the second surface 40b of the pressure relief component 40.
  • the second groove 42 and the first groove 41 can be disposed on different sides of the pressure relief component 40 in the thickness direction of the first wall portion.
  • the first groove 41 can be disposed on one of the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b of the pressure relief component 40, and the second groove 42 can be disposed on the other.
  • the pressure relief component 40 can be provided at the bottom of the battery cell 100.
  • the bottom of the battery cell 100 can be provided with an exhaust channel, which can be connected to the pressure relief component 40.
  • the high temperature and high pressure flue gas can be discharged through the pressure relief component 40 at the bottom into the exhaust channel and then discharged to the outside.
  • the battery 1000 according to the second aspect of this application includes the battery cell 100 according to the first aspect of this application described above.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池单体(100)、电池(1000)及用电装置，电池单体(100)包括：电极组件(20)，包括至少一个正极极片(21)和至少一个负极极片(22)，至少一个正极极片(21)和至少一个负极极片(22)堆叠并形成平直区(23)，正极极片(21)的至少一部分和负极极片(22)的至少一部分在平直区(23)沿第一方向层叠设置；外壳(10)，用于容纳电极组件(20)，外壳(10)包括第一壁部(11)；泄压部件(40)，设置于第一壁部(11)，泄压部件(40)设置有第一刻痕槽(41)，泄压部件(40)被配置为在电池单体(100)泄压时能够沿第一刻痕槽(41)的至少一部分裂开；其中，第一刻痕槽(41)包括沿直线轨迹延伸的第一槽段(411)，第一槽段(411)的长度方向垂直于第一方向，第一槽段(411)的槽底面在第一方向上的尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.8mm。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
为了保证电池单体的安全性能，通常会在电池单体上设置泄压部件，泄压部件用于在电池单体达到预定条件时泄放出电池单体内部的压力，电池单体在充放电的使用过程中，电极组件会发生膨胀变形，导致容纳电极组件的外壳也发生鼓胀变形，进而导致设置在外壳上的泄压部件容易发生破损，降低了电池单体的可靠性。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够缓解电池使用过程中泄压部件破损的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括：电极组件，包括至少一个正极极片和至少一个负极极片，所述至少一个正极极片和所述至少一个负极极片堆叠并形成平直区，所述正极极片的至少一部分和所述负极极片的至少一部分在所述平直区沿第一方向层叠设置；外壳，用于容纳所述电极组件，所述外壳包括第一壁部；泄压部件，设置于所述第一壁部，所述泄压部件设置有第一刻痕槽，所述泄压部件被配置为在所述电池单体泄压时能够沿所述第一刻痕槽的至少一部分裂开；其中，所述第一刻痕槽包括沿直线轨迹延伸的第一槽段，所述第一槽段的长度方向垂直于所述第一方向，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.8mm。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过对第一槽段的槽底面尺寸的限定，可以减少第一槽段处最薄弱区域因电极组件膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，提高电池单体的可靠性；同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压部件与所述第一壁部焊接固定，所述泄压部件安装于所述第一壁部，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，满足：0.4mm≤W≤0.75mm，可选地，0.44mm≤W≤0.65mm。在上述技术方案中，可以减少第一槽段处最薄弱区域因电极组件膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壁部沿所述第一方向的宽度为D，满足：0.008≤W/D≤0.019，20mm≤D≤80mm。在上述技术方案中，第一槽段和第一壁部的宽度比满足上述范围，可以一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象，同时降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽限定出至少一个预定泄压区，所述泄压部件设置有第二刻痕槽，所述第二刻痕槽被配置为引导所述预定泄压区的至少一部分翻转，以打开所述预定泄压区的至少一部分。在上述技术方案中，第二刻痕槽能够引导预定泄压区打开，从而能够提高泄压部件的预定泄压区的开启效果，进而能够提升电池单体在发生热失控时的泄压速率，以降低电池单体因泄压不及时而引发起火爆炸、连接失效等风险，有利于提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中，所述第二刻痕槽的残留厚度大于第一刻痕槽的残留厚度。在上述技术方案中，可以使得泄压部件设置第一刻痕槽的区域的强度小于泄压部件设置第二刻痕槽的区域的强度，以便于泄压部件能够优先沿着第一刻痕槽裂开，以实现预定泄压区的快速打开。
在一些实施例中，所述第二刻痕槽的最大宽度不大于所述第一刻痕槽的最大宽度。在上述技术方案中，既便于第二刻痕槽的加工成型，又一定程度上避免第二刻痕槽处的强度过大导致电池单体难以沿预定方式泄压的情况，提高电池单体的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽还包括两个第二槽段，两个所述第二槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段的两端分别连接两个所述第二槽段的一端，两个所述第二槽段的另一端连接所述第二刻痕槽的两端，所述第一槽段、两个所述第二槽段和所述第二刻痕槽共同限定出预定泄压区。在上述技术 方案中，第一槽段和第二刻痕槽连接两个第二槽段，形成环形结构，使得第一槽段和第二槽段的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区进行泄压；同时这种结构有利于增大预定泄压区的打开面积，增大了电池单体的泄压面积，提高了电池单体的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，所述第二刻痕槽与所述第一槽段平行且相对布置，所述第二槽段沿直线和/或弧线轨迹延伸。在上述技术方案中，第二槽段沿直线轨迹延伸，能够降低第二槽段的成型难度；第二槽段沿弧线轨迹延伸，第二槽段为弧线形槽，由此，泄压部件在电池单体泄压时更容易沿着第二槽段裂开，实现预定泄压区更为快速地打开。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一刻痕槽和所述第二刻痕槽设置于所述第一表面。在上述技术方案中，有利于第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽的加工成型，提高加工效率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的外部的表面。第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽设置于泄压部件的外侧，便于在电池单体的外部加工刻痕槽，有利于降低刻痕槽的成型难度，以提高电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压部件与所述第一壁部一体成型，所述第一槽段的延伸方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，满足：0.35mm≤W≤0.5mm，可选地，0.38mm≤W≤0.45mm。在上述技术方案中，可以减少第一槽段处最薄弱区域因电极组件膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽包括所述第一槽段和第二槽段，所述第一槽段与所述第二槽段相连，所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。在上述技术方案中，由第一槽段和第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区，这种结构的第一刻痕槽结构简单，第一槽段与第二槽段相连的位置应力更为集中，更为薄弱，使得泄压部件在电池单体热失控时在第一槽段和第二槽段相连位置裂开后能够快速地从第一槽段与第二槽段裂开，使得预定泄压区更为快速地打开，以及时泄压。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽包括两个所述第一槽段和一个所述第二槽段，两个所述第一槽段相对设置，两个所述第一槽段分别与所述第二槽段相连，所述第二槽段与每个所述第一槽段的连接位置偏离所述第一槽段的两端，两个所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。在上述技术方案中，两个第一槽段连接第二槽段，使得第一槽段和第二槽段的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区进行泄压；两个第一槽段相对设置，能够进一步增大预定泄压区的打开面积，从而增大了电池单体的泄压面积，提高了电池单体的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽包括一个所述第一槽段和两个所述第二槽段，两个所述第二槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段连接两个所述第二槽段，每个所述第二槽段与所述第一槽段的连接位置偏离对应所述第二槽段的两端，所述第一槽段和两个所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。在上述技术方案中，第一槽段连接两个第二槽段，使得第一槽段和第二槽段的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区进行泄压；两个第二槽段相对设置，能够进一步增大预定泄压区的打开面积，从而增大了电池单体的泄压面积，提高了电池单体的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽包括一个所述第一槽段和四个所述第二槽段，所述第一槽段的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角设置的两个所述第二槽段，所述第一槽段和四个所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。在上述技术方案中，第一槽段连接四个第二槽段，使得第一槽段和第二槽段的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区进行泄压；同时这种结构有利于增大预定泄压区的打开面积，增大了电池单体的泄压面积，提高了电池单体的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽限定出至少一个预定泄压区，所述泄压部件设置有第二刻痕槽，所述第二刻痕槽被配置为引导所述预定泄压区的至少一部分翻转，以打开所述预定泄压区的至少一部分。在上述技术方案中，第二刻痕槽能够引导预定泄压区打开，从而能够提高泄压部件的预定泄压区的开启效果，进而能够提升电池单体在发生热失控时的泄压速率，以降低电池单体因泄压不及时而引发起火爆炸、连接失效等风险，有利于提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一刻痕槽设置于所述第一表面，所述第二刻痕槽设置所述第二表面。在上述技术方案中，第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽分别设置在第一表面和第二表面，使得第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽分别位于泄压部件在厚度方向的两侧，以便于在泄压部件的两侧分别对第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽进行加工，有利于减小第一刻痕槽和第二刻痕槽在加工过程中的相互影响。
在一些实施例中，所述第一表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的外部的表面，所述第二表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的内部的表面。在上述技术方案中，第一表面为泄压部件面向外壳的外 部的表面，使得第一刻痕槽设置于泄压部件的外侧，便于在电池单体的外部加工成型第一刻痕槽，有利于降低第一刻痕槽的成型难度，以提高电池单体的生产效率。第二表面为泄压部件面向外壳的内部的表面，使得第二刻痕槽设置于泄压部件的内侧，一方面预定泄压区向外翻转打开过程中，第二刻痕槽在宽度方向相对的两个侧面不易发生抵靠，有利于增大预定泄压区的打开面积；另一方面使得第二刻痕槽并未暴露于电池单体的外部，降低泄压部件在第二刻痕槽区域被氧化腐蚀的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一槽段包括从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向依次设置的多级槽，在相邻的两级槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级槽设置于靠近所述第一表面的一级槽的槽底面；其中，所述多级槽中最远离所述第一表面的一级槽为第一级槽，所述第一级槽的最小残留厚度为所述第一槽段的最小残留厚度，所述第一级槽的槽底面为所述第一槽段的槽底面。在上述技术方案中，通过将槽段设置为沿第一壁部的厚度方向排布多级槽，在成型槽段时可以沿第一表面指向第二表面的方向逐个加工各级槽，减小了每一级槽的成型深度，降低了泄压部件在成型第一刻痕槽时所受到的成型力，降低泄压部件在成型第一刻痕槽时被破坏的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第一刻痕槽冲压成型于所述泄压部件。在上述技术方案中，第一刻痕槽冲压成型于泄压部件，第一刻痕槽的成型方式简单，有利于降低电池单体的生产成本。
在一些实施例中，所述外壳包括：壳体和端盖，所述壳体的至少一侧具有开口，所述端盖与所述壳体相连，并用于封闭所述开口，所述第一壁部形成于所述壳体。在上述技术方案中，通过将泄压部件设置在壳体上，可以简化端盖的结构，同时便于缩短泄压部件与电极组件的主体部之间的距离，进而可以缩短泄压时排放介质流动到泄压部的路径，缩短排放介质到达泄压部的时间，提高了电池单体的泄压及时性，从而有效提高了电池单体的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体的相对两侧均具有开口，两个所述端盖用于封闭对应侧的所述开口。通过在壳体上设置两个开口，可以便于壳体的制造成型，同时便于电极组件从两端引出极耳，进而便于将两个电连接部分隔布置，降低电池单体短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壁部用于支撑所述电极组件且位于所述电极组件的下方。在上述技术方案中，泄压部件可以设在电池单体的底部，电池单体的底部可以设有排气通道，排气通道与泄压部可连通，以在电池单体发生热失控时将高温高压的烟气通过底部的泄压部件排出至排气通道内，进而排至外界。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电池，其包括上述实施例中的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种用电装置，其包括上述实施例中的电池，所述电池用于给所述用电装置提供电能。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为相关技术中的用电装置的示意图；
图2为相关技术中的电池的示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的示意图；
图6为本申请另一些实施例提供的电极组件的示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的外壳的示意图；
图8为图7所示外壳的仰视图；
图9为沿图8中A-A线的剖视图；
图10为图9中圈示B的放大图；
图11为图10中圈示C的放大图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压部件的示意图；
图13为沿图12中D-D线的剖视图；
图14为图13中圈示E的放大图；
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的泄压部件的示意图；
图16为本申请又一些实施例提供的泄压部件的示意图；
图17为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压部件安装于第一壁部的示意图。
附图标记：
电池1000，车辆2000，电池单体100，箱体200，第一部分201，第一部分202，
外壳10，壳体101，端盖102，第一壁部11，第二壁部12，
电极组件20，正极极片21，负极极片22，平直区23，拐弯区24，
电连接部30，
泄压部件40，预定泄压区401，第一表面40a，第二表面40b，
第一刻痕槽41，第一槽段411，第一级槽4111，第二槽段412，第一直线段413，第二直线段414，弧形段415，第三直线段416，第二刻痕槽42，
贴片60。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请实施例中，电池单体可以为二次电池，二次电池是指在电池单体放电后可通过充电的方式使活性材料激活而继续使用的电池单体。
电池单体可以为锂离子电池、钠离子电池、钠锂离子电池、锂金属电池、钠金属电池、锂硫电池、镁离子电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅蓄电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池可以包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。电池单体有多个时，多个电池单体通过汇流部件串联、并联或混联。
在一些实施例中，电池可以为电池模块，电池单体有多个时，多个电池单体排列并固定形成一个电池模块。
在一些实施例中，电池可以为电池包，电池包包括箱体和电池单体，电池单体或电池模块容纳于箱体中。
在一些实施例中，箱体可以作为车辆的底盘结构的一部分。例如，箱体的部分可以成为车辆的地板的至少一部分，或者，箱体的部分可以成为车辆的横梁和纵梁的至少一部分。
在一些实施例中，电池可以为储能装置。储能装置包括储能集装箱、储能电柜等。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性能。
在电池单体中，为保证电池单体的安全性能，可以在电池单体的外壳上设置泄压部件，在电池单体热失控时，通过泄压部件泄放电池单体内部的压力，以提高电池单体的安全性。
电池单体在充放电的使用过程中，电极组件会发生膨胀，导致外壳鼓胀变形，外壳鼓胀会传递到泄压部件所在面，带动泄压部件所在面产生内凹和拉伸，尤其是在电极组件的膨胀较大的方向上，刻痕槽处会产生较大应变，电池单体在充满电状态下膨胀力大，在放电状态下膨胀力小，在长期使用充放电的过程中存在很大的膨胀力振幅，耦合电池单体内部的产气，以及外部不同的约束条件， 会导致刻痕槽产生较大的应变和应变幅，从而导致泄压部件出现低周疲劳现象，电池单体容易在尚未达到质保条件时出现泄压部件开裂失效漏液等问题。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括：电极组件，包括至少一个正极极片和至少一个负极极片，至少一个正极极片和至少一个负极极片经过堆叠后形成平直区，正极极片的至少一部分和负极极片的至少一部分在平直区沿第一方向层叠设置；外壳，用于容纳电极组件，外壳包括第一壁部；电池单体还包括泄压部件，泄压部件设置于第一壁部，泄压部件设置有第一刻痕槽，泄压部件被配置为在电池单体泄压时能够沿第一刻痕槽的至少一部分裂开。
其中，第一刻痕槽包括多个槽段，多个槽段至少包括第一槽段，沿第一壁部的厚度方向，第一槽段的最小残留厚度小于或等于其他槽段的最小残留厚度，第一槽段的槽底面在第一方向上的尺寸不小于0.15mm。
在这样的电池单体中，通过对第一槽段的槽底面尺寸的限定，可以减少第一槽段处最薄弱区域因电极组件膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，提高电池单体的可靠性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆2000的结构示意图。车辆2000的内部设置有电池1000，电池1000可以设置在车辆2000的底部或头部或尾部。电池1000可以用于车辆2000的供电，例如，电池1000可以作为车辆2000的操作电源。
车辆2000还可以包括控制器和马达，控制器用来控制电池1000为马达供电，例如，用于车辆2000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池1000不仅仅可以作为车辆2000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆2000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆2000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池1000的爆炸图。电池1000包括电池单体100和箱体200，箱体200用于容纳电池单体100。
其中，箱体200是容纳电池单体100的部件，箱体200为电池单体100提供放置空间，箱体200可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体200可以包括第一部分201和第二部分202，第一部分201与第二部分202相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体100的放置空间。第一部分201和第二部分202可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分201可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202的开放侧盖合于第一部分201的开放侧，则形成具有放置空间的箱体200。也可以是第一部分201为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分202为板状结构，第二部分202盖合于第一部分201的开放侧，则形成具有放置空间的箱体200。作为示例，电池单体100可以为圆柱形电池单体、棱柱电池单体、软包电池单体或其它形状的电池单体100，棱柱电池单体包括方壳电池单体、刀片形电池单体、多棱柱电池，多棱柱电池例如为六棱柱电池等，本申请没有特别的限制。
在电池1000中，电池单体100可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体100为多个，多个电池单体100之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体100中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体100先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体200内。也可以是所有电池单体100之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体100构成的整体容纳于箱体200内。
请参照图3和图4，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体100的示意图；图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体100的爆炸图。电池单体10可以包括外壳10和电极组件20。
外壳10用于容纳电极组件20及电解质等部件。外壳10可以为钢壳、铝壳、塑料壳(如聚丙烯)、复合金属壳(如铜铝复合外壳)或铝塑膜等。作为示例，外壳10可以包括壳体101和端盖102。
壳体101可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，壳体101也可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体101的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
端盖102是封闭壳体101的开口以将电池单体100的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖102与壳体101共同限定出用于容纳电极组件20、电解质以及其他部件的容纳空间。端盖102可以通过焊接或卷封的方式连接于壳体101，以封闭壳体101的开口。端盖102的形状可以与外壳10的形状相适配，比如，壳体101为长方体结构，端盖102为与外壳10相适配的矩形板状结构。端盖102的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在电池单体10中，端盖102可以是一个，也可以是两个。在壳体101为两端形成开口的空心结构的实施例中，端盖102可以对应设置两个，两个端盖102分别封闭壳体101的两个开口，两个端盖102与壳体101共同限定出容纳空间。在壳体101为一端形成开口的空心结构的实施例中，端盖102可以对应设置一个，端盖102封闭壳体101一端的开口，一个端盖102与壳体101共同限定出容纳空间。
电极组件20包括正极、负极以及隔离件。在电池单体100充放电过程中，活性离子(例如锂离子)在正极和负极之间往返嵌入和脱出。隔离件设置在正极和负极之间，可以起到防止正负极短路的作用，同时可以使活性离子通过。
在一些实施例中，正极可以为正极极片21，正极极片22可以包括正极集流体以及设置在正极集流体至少一个表面的正极活性物质区，正极活性物质区具有正极活性材料。
作为示例，正极集流体具有在其自身厚度方向相对的两个表面，正极活性物质区设置在正极集流体相对的两个表面的任意一者或两者上。
在一些实施例中，负极可以为负极极片22，负极极片22可以包括负极集流体以及设置在负极集流体至少一个表面上的负极活性物质区。
作为示例，负极集流体具有在其自身厚度方向相对的两个表面，负极活性物质区设置在负极集流体相对的两个表面中的任意一者或两者上。
在一些实施例中，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，负极集流体的材料可以为铜。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件20还包括隔离件，隔离件设置在正极和负极之间。
在一些实施方式中，隔离件为隔离膜。本申请对隔离膜的种类没有特别的限制，可以选用任意公知的具有良好的化学稳定性和机械稳定性的多孔结构隔离膜。
在一些实施方式中，隔离件为固态电解质。固态电解质设于正极和负极之间，同时起到传输离子和隔离正负极的作用。
在一些实施方式中，电池单体100还包括电解质，电解质在正、负极之间起到传导离子的作用。本申请对电解质的种类没有具体的限制，可根据需求进行选择。电解质可以是液态的、凝胶态的或固态的。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件20为卷绕结构。正极极片、负极极片卷绕成卷绕结构。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件20为叠片结构。
作为示例，正极极片21、负极极片22可分别设置多个，多个正极极片21和多个负极极片22交替层叠设置。
作为示例，正极极片21可设置多个，负极极片22折叠形成多个层叠设置的折叠段，相邻的折叠段之间夹持一个正极极片。
作为示例，正极极片21和负极极片22均折叠形成多个层叠设置的折叠段。
作为示例，隔离件可设置多个，分别设置在任意相邻的正极极片或负极极片之间。
作为示例，隔离件可连续地设置，通过折叠或者卷绕方式设置在任意相邻的正极极片或负极极片之间。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件20的形状可以为扁平状或多棱柱状等。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件20设有极耳，极耳可以将电流从电极组件20导出。极耳包括正极耳和负极耳。
电池单体100还可以包括电连接部，电连接部可以设置于外壳10上，电连接部用于与电极组件20的极耳电连接，以输出电池单体10的电能。电连接部与极耳可以直接连接，比如，电连接部与极耳直接焊接。电连接部与极耳也可以间接连接，比如，电连接部与极耳通过集流构件间接连接。集流构件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
如图3和图4所示，以壳体101为一端形成开口的空心结构为例，端盖102上可以设置两个电连接部，两个电连接部分别为正电连接部和负电连接部，正电连接部与正极耳电连接，负电连接部与负极耳电连接。
请参照图5和图6，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件20的示意图；图6为本申请另一些实施例提供的电极组件20的示意图。电极组件20包括正极极片21和负极极片22，正极极片21 包括正极主体和正极极耳，正极极耳从正极主体的一端引出，正极极耳的大部分区域未涂敷有正极活性材料，正极主体的大部分区域涂敷有正极活性材料，负极极片22包括负极主体和负极极耳，负极极耳从负极主体的一端引出，负极极耳的大部分区域未涂敷有负极活性材料，负极主体的大部分区域涂敷有负极活性材料，正极主体和负极主体构成电极组件的主体部。
如图5所示，电极组件20包括卷绕布置的多个极片，电极组件20包括平直区23和与平直区23的端部连接的拐弯区24。
卷绕布置的多个极片，即正极极片21和负极极片22层叠布置后绕设定轴线卷绕，形成电极组件20，平直区23是指极片在卷绕后沿平面延伸的部分；拐弯区24是指极片在卷绕后沿弧面延伸的部分，例如图5所示，电极组件20的前侧表面和后侧表面之间的部分形成为平直区23，在平直区23内极片的延伸方向即为平直区23的长度方向，如图5所示，平直区23在左右方向上的长度尺寸为B1，平直区23的左右两端部为拐弯区24。
如图6所示，电极组件120包括层叠布置的多个极片，电极组件20具有平直区23。
层叠布置的多个极片，例如至少一个正极极片21和至少一个负极极片22叠片布置，形成电极组件20，平直区23由正极极片21的至少一部分和负极极片22层叠形成，也可以是由正极极片21的至少一部分和负极极片22层叠形成，在平直区23内极片的延伸方向即为平直区23的长度方向，如图6所示，平直区23在左右方向上的长度尺寸为B1。
请参照图7-图17，图7-图11为本申请一些实施例提供的外壳10的示意图；图12-图16为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压部件40的示意图；图17为本申请一些实施例提供的泄压部件安装于第一壁部的示意图。根据本申请实施例的电池单体100包括：电极组件20和外壳10，包括至少一个正极极片21和至少一个负极极片22，至少一个正极极片21和至少一个负极极片22堆叠并形成平直区23，正极极片21的至少一部分和负极极片22的至少一部分在平直区23沿第一方向F1层叠设置；外壳10用于容纳电极组件20，外壳10包括第一壁部11；电池单体100还包括泄压部件40，泄压部件40设置于第一壁部11，泄压部件40设置有第一刻痕槽41，泄压部件40被配置为在电池单体100泄压时能够沿第一刻痕槽41的至少一部分裂开。
其中，第一刻痕槽41包括沿直线轨迹延伸的第一槽段411，第一槽段411的长度方向垂直于第一方向F1，第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.8mm。
外壳10是指电池单体100最外侧的结构件，外壳10内容纳电极组件20和电解质等。
电极组件20可以是叠片式，即电极组件20的多个极片层叠布置，极片经过堆叠后形成平直区23，在平直区23，正极极片21和负极极片22的至少一部分沿第一方向F1层叠设置，或者正极极片21的至少一部分和负极极片22沿第一方向F1层叠设置，由此电极组件20的膨胀变形在第一方向F1上尤为明显。
电极组件20也可以是卷绕式，电极组件20的正极极片21和负极极片22与隔离件叠加后卷绕成型，且形成有平直区23，在平直区23，正极极片21的部分和负极极片22的部分沿第一方向F1层叠设置，例如，卷绕成型后正极极片21的每一层和负极极片22的每一层均可以被一个沿第一方向F1延伸的轴穿设，由此电极组件20的膨胀变形在第一方向F1上尤为明显。
外壳10包括第一壁部11和两个第二壁部12，两个第二壁部12在第一方向F1上分别位于电极组件20两侧，电极组件20的膨胀大部分会作用在第二壁部12上，第一壁部11位于电极组件20在第二方向F2上的一侧，第二方向F2垂直于第一方向F1，第一壁部11的厚度方向为第二方向F2，第一壁部11上设有泄压部件40。
泄压部件40为用于泄放电池单体100内部压力的部件，可以是在电池单体100内部压力达到阈值时，通过泄压部件40排出电池单体100内部的排放介质，以达到泄压的目的，该阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同，该阈值可能取决于电池单体100中的正极极片21、负极极片22、电解质和隔离件中一种或多种的材料。
在电池单体100泄压时，能够沿第一刻痕槽41的至少一部分裂开，即泄压部件40的第一刻痕槽411为薄弱的部位，第一刻痕槽41包括第一槽段411，第一槽段411沿直线轨迹延伸，第一槽段411的长度方向垂直于第一方向F1，如图8和图12所示，第一槽段411沿第三方向F3延伸，第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸W即为第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸。
第一槽段411作为泄压部件40最薄弱的区域，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向(第二方向F2)，第一槽段411具有最小残留厚度，且第一槽段411的延伸方向垂直于第一方向F1，当电池单体100在充放电过程中因为电极组件20膨胀导致外壳10发生变形时，第一壁部11的变形主要由第一槽段411处承受，由于在相同的膨胀力作用下时，较小宽度尺寸的槽段相较于较大宽度尺寸的槽段而言变形量更大，因而当第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸越小时，第一槽段411处承受第一 方向F1变形的能力越弱，电池单体100长期充放电使用过程中，第一槽段411处产生的应变和应变幅越大，泄压部件40越容易出现低周疲劳开裂失效，长期可靠性越低。
此外在刻痕槽的制造过程中，刻痕位置的材料会被挤压到四周，在第一槽段411制造过程中，当第一槽段411的槽底面宽度越大时，在第一槽段411位置会有越多材料被挤压到四周，此时对制造设备(例如冲压机床)的要求(例如吨位和精度)会越高，而且泄压部件40越容易出现流料不均匀的现象，导致外观尺寸不合格或其他内部微缺陷，进而会导致泄压部件40的制造优率降低。
为此，如图9-图14所示，将第一槽段411的槽底面尺寸W限定在0.3mm-0.8mm之间，W可以为0.3mm、0.35mm、0.4mm、0.45mm、0.5mm、0.55mm、0.6mm、0.65mm、0.7mm、0.75mm、0.8mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值，由此一定程度上增大薄弱区域的尺寸，增大第一槽段411处承受第一方向F1变形的能力，减少泄压部件40在第一槽段411处的变形量，从而可以在电池单体100长周期充放电使用过程，一定程度上避免由于最薄弱的区域过窄导致泄压部件40出现低周疲劳异常开阀，降低泄压部件40被拉扯破损导致漏液的概率，提高电池单体100的可靠性；同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过对第一槽段411的槽底面尺寸的限定，可以减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，提高电池单体100的可靠性；同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
为了使本申请实施例所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚，以下将结合实施例和附图进行进一步详细说明。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用的任何限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
1)、正极极片的制备
将正极活性材料LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1O2、导电剂Super P、粘结剂聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中制成正极浆料，其中正极浆料中固体含量为50wt％，固体成分中LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1O2、Super P、PVDF的质量比为8:1:1，将正极浆料涂布在集流体铝箔的上下表面并在85℃下烘干后进行冷压，然后进行切边、裁片、分条后，在85℃的真空条件下烘干4h，制成正极极片。
2)、负极极片的制备
将石墨与导电剂Super P、增稠剂羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、粘接剂丁苯橡胶(SBR)在去离子水中混合均匀，制成负极浆料，其中负极浆料中固体含量为30wt％，固体成分中石墨、氧化亚硅、Super P、CMC及粘接剂丁苯橡胶(SBR)的质量比为88:7:3:2，将负极浆料涂布在集流体铜箔上下表面并在85℃下烘干，然后进行冷压、切边、裁片、分条后，在120℃真空条件下烘干12h，制成负极极片。
3)、电解质的制备
在氩气气氛手套箱中(H2O<0.1ppm，O2<0.1ppm)，将充分干燥的电解质盐LiPF6溶解于混合溶剂(混合溶剂包括碳酸乙烯酯(EC)和碳酸二乙酯(DEC)，并且碳酸乙烯酯(EC)和碳酸二乙酯(DEC)按照质量比50:50混合)中，混合均匀后获得浓度为1mol/L的液态电解质。
4)、隔离件
以16μm的聚乙烯膜作为隔离件。
5)、锂离子电池制备
将正极极片、隔离件、负极极片按顺序叠好，使隔离件处于正负极片中间起到隔离正负极的作用，卷绕得到裸电芯，焊接极耳，将裸电芯置于铝制外壳内，将上述制备的电解质注入到干燥后的外壳内，封装、静置、化成、整形、容量测试等，完成锂离子电池的制备。
实施例2-4以及对比例1-2中的电池单体制备方法同于实施例1，其中，外壳上一体冲压出泄压部件，外壳为长方体结构，外壳的壳体为一端形成开口的结构，壳体与端盖相对的壁部为第一壁部，第一壁部为长方形壁部，壳体为铝合金材质，壳体与端盖相对的壁部为第一壁部，第一壁部设有泄压部件。
在各实施例和对比例中，测量第一刻痕槽的具有最小残厚的第一槽段，第一槽段沿第一方向延伸，在测量第一槽段的槽段的槽底面的在第一方向上的宽度尺寸W时，沿垂直于第一方向的面将第一壁部切开，并在切面上测量出W。
各实施例和对比例区别在于第一槽段在第一方向上的宽度尺寸不同，具体如表1所示。
对实施例1-4以及对比例1-2所得锂离子电池在泄压部件40发生漏液时电池单体100的循环次数(即电池单体100的疲劳失效次数)进行表征，表征结果如表1所示。
电池单体的疲劳次数的测量方法如下。
1)、准备专用测试夹具，具体地，夹具由三片10mm的钢板组成(第一钢板、第二钢板、第三钢板)，每个钢板均可以完全覆盖电池单体大面，第一钢板、第三钢板位于夹具两端，由螺栓连接固定，第二钢板位于第一钢板和第三钢板之间，且第二钢板通过导轨约束，第二钢板只能沿垂直于钢板平面的方向平移活动；电池单体可以安装在第一钢板和第二钢板之间，且电池单体大面(电池单体外表面面积最大的面)与第一钢板和第二钢板贴合，第二钢板和第三钢板之间设有压力传感器，通过调节第二钢板位置，实现第二钢板对电池单体的初始挤压力的调节。
2)、将一个电池单体固定到专用测试夹具内，保证该电池单体大面与第一钢板和第二钢板贴合，调节第二钢板的位置，使第二钢板对电池单体的初始挤压力为2000N，并将电池单体的两个电连接部连接到专用电池充放电设备上。
3)、将电池单体和夹具放置到35±2℃恒温环境中，使电池单体达到温度平衡后开启测试。
4)、测试步骤参照《GBT31484-2015电动汽车用动力蓄电池循环寿命要求及试验方法》中6.4章节“标准循环寿命”执行，且将测试循环截止条件更改为“直至泄压部件的刻痕槽处发生破损停止测试”。
具体而言，按照如下步骤测试：
a)以1I(A)放电至企业规定的放电终止条件；
b)搁置不低于30min或企业规定的搁置条件；
c)按照《GBT31484-2015电动汽车用动力蓄电池循环寿命要求及试验方法》6.1.1.3方法充电；
d)搁置不低于30min或企业规定的搁置条件；
e)以1I1(A)放电至企业规定的放电终止条件，
f)按照b)～e)循环，直至泄压部件的刻痕槽处发生破损停止测试。
即测试过程持续观察电池单体的泄压部件，直至泄压部件漏液，记录循环次数为电池单体的疲劳失效次数，其中，测试结果如下表1。
表1
综合实施例1-4以及对比例1-2的数据可知，在W小于0.3mm时，疲劳失效次数太低，难以满足寿命要求，但在W大于0.8mm时，制造优率会降低，在所给范围内进一步调控W的尺寸，有利于电池单体100具有较好的循环性能和制造优率。
如图4、12-图14、图17所示，在一些实施例中，泄压部件40与第一壁部11焊接固定，泄压部件40安装于第一壁部11，第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸为W，满足：0.4mm≤W≤0.75mm，可选地，0.44mm≤W≤0.65mm。
如图4、12-图14所示，泄压部件40和外壳10为单独的两个部件，两者单独成型后安装在一起，具体而言，泄压部件40可以是防爆片、防爆阀、安全阀等部件，泄压部件40可以通过粘接、焊接等方式安装于第一壁部11，第一壁部11设置有通孔，泄压部件40安装于通孔，当电池单体100内部压力达到阈值时，泄压部件40打开至少部分通孔，电池单体100内部的排放介质通过通孔排出， 以泄放电池单体100内部的压力。
由于泄压部件40为独立于外壳10的部件，泄压部件40和外壳10可以单独生产再组装，生成难度低且效率高。
而在这种分体式结构中，外壳10的壁部(即第一壁部11)的整体刚度偏小，在电池单体100的充放电使用过程中，第一壁部11以及泄压部件40发生的变形越大，需要第一刻痕槽41的宽度W越大，尤其是残余厚度小的第一槽段411在第一方向F1上的宽度尺寸需要增大。
同时，在分体式结构的制造过程中，泄压部件40单独制造，先用薄片冲压出刻痕槽的形貌，再将多余材料切除，形成泄压部件40，冲压过程中流料少且有较大的流料空间，从而在满足产品优率的要求下能实现更大的槽段宽度尺寸。
由此将第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸W限定在0.4mm-0.75mm之间，W可以为0.4mm、0.45mm、0.5mm、0.55mm、0.6mm、0.65mm、0.7mm、0.75mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
由此可以减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些进一步的示例中，0.44mm≤W≤0.65mm。
W可以为0.44mm、0.45mm、0.46mm、0.47mm、0.48mm、0.49mm、0.5mm、0.51mm、0.52mm、0.53mm、0.54mm、0.55mm、0.56mm、0.57mm、0.58mm、0.59mm、0.6mm、0.61mm、0.62mm、0.63mm、0.64mm、0.65mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
由此可以进一步减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
如图17所示，在一些实施例中，第一壁部11沿第一方向F1的宽度为D，满足：0.008≤W/D≤0.019，20mm≤D≤80mm。
在第一方向F1上，第一壁部11的宽度D在20mm至80mm之间，例如第一壁部11的宽度D为20mm、30mm、40mm、50mm、60mm、70mm、80mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
其中，在一定尺寸的电池单体上，若W/D过小，第一槽段411的宽度W过小，第一槽段411处承受第一方向F1变形的能力越弱，电池单体100长期充放电使用过程中，第一槽段411处产生的应变和应变幅越大，泄压部件40越容易出现低周疲劳开裂失效，长期可靠性越低；若W/D过大，第一槽段411的宽度W过大，泄压部件40越容易出现流料不均匀的现象，导致外观尺寸不合格或其他内部微缺陷，进而会导致泄压部件40的制造优率降低。
为此，可以将W/D限定在0.008-0.019之间，W/D可以为0.008、0.009、0.01、0.011、0.012、0.013、0.014、0.015、0.016、0.017、0.018、0.019中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
由此可以减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
请参照图12和图13，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41限定出至少一个预定泄压区401，泄压部件40设置有第二刻痕槽42，第二刻痕槽42被配置为引导预定泄压区401的至少一部分翻转，以打开预定泄压区401的至少一部分。第二刻痕槽42为设置于泄压部件40的翻转刻痕，在泄压部件40沿第一刻痕槽41的至少一部分裂开时，第二刻痕槽42能够引导预定泄压区401的至少一部分翻转，也就是说，第二刻痕槽42起到帮助预定泄压区401翻转的作用，使得预定泄压区401向电池单体100的外部翻转更加容易，从而快速地打开预定泄压区401。可以是第二刻痕槽42引导预定泄压区401的全部翻转，也可以是第二刻痕槽42仅引导预定泄压区401的一部分翻转。在电池单体100泄压过程中，泄压部件40能够沿着第一刻痕槽41的至少部分裂开，一般不会沿着第二刻痕槽42裂开，且预定泄压区401在第一刻痕槽41裂开后能够以第二刻痕槽42为翻转轴进行翻转，以便于预定泄压区401翻转后使得外壳10的内部和外壳10的外部相互连通后进行泄压。其中，可以是泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域的残留部分的最小厚度小于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域的残留部分的最小厚度，使得泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域相较于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域更容易裂开。第二刻痕槽42可以通过多种方式成型，比如，冲压成型、铣削成型等。第二刻痕槽42的形状可以是多种，比如，第二刻痕槽42为沿弧线轨迹延伸的槽，再如，第二刻痕槽42为沿直线轨迹延伸的槽。第二刻痕槽42的横截面的形状可以是多种，比如，矩形、 梯形等。
通过设置第二刻痕槽42，能够引导预定泄压区401打开，从而能够提高泄压部件40的预定泄压区401的开启效果，进而能够提升电池单体100在发生热失控时的泄压速率，以降低电池单体100因泄压不及时而引发起火爆炸、连接失效等风险，有利于提升电池单体100的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中，第二刻痕槽42的最大宽度不大于第一刻痕槽41的最大宽度。
由于在电池单体100泄压时，第一刻痕槽41需要承受更大的压力并作为主要的泄压路径，因而可以适当减小第二刻痕槽42的最大宽度。
此外，在第二刻痕槽42制造过程中，可以采用与第一刻痕槽41相同的方式制造成型，例如采用冲压工艺，在制造残留厚度大的刻痕槽时，可对应形成宽度尺寸小的，由此可形成具有较窄尺寸且较大残留厚度的第二刻痕槽42。
由此，通过上述设置，既便于第二刻痕槽42的加工成型，又一定程度上避免第二刻痕槽42处的强度过大导致电池单体100难以沿预定方式泄压的情况，提高电池单体100的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，第二刻痕槽42的残留厚度大于第一刻痕槽41的残留厚度。
第二刻痕槽42的最小残留厚度为泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42后的残留部分的最小厚度，该残留部分可以是第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁。第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的厚度可以是均匀的，也可以是不均匀的，若第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的厚度不均匀，第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的最薄位置的厚度为第二刻痕槽42的最小残留厚度。
在本实施例中，可以使得泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域的强度小于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域的强度，以便于泄压部件40能够优先沿着第一刻痕槽41裂开，以实现预定泄压区401的快速打开。
请参照图12，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41还包括两个第二槽段412，两个第二槽段412相对设置，第一槽段411分别连接两个第二槽段412的一端，两个第二槽段412的另一端连接第二刻痕槽42的两端，第一槽段411、两个第二槽段412和第二刻痕槽42共同限定出预定泄压区401。
作为示例，在图12示出的实施例中，第一槽段411和第二刻痕槽42相对设置，且第一槽段411和第二刻痕槽42平行，第一槽段411的两端分别与两个第二槽段412连接，第二刻痕槽42的两端分别与两个第二槽段412连接，两个第二槽段412和第一槽段411、第二刻痕槽42构成封闭的环状结构；在第二方向F2上，环状结构的正投影的外缘构成预定泄压区401的预定开启边界，即预定开启边界由第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42在第二方向F2上的正投影的外缘围成。
其中，第一槽段411和第二刻痕槽42沿直线轨迹延伸，如图12所示，第一槽段411和第二刻痕槽42沿第三方向F3延伸，在第一方向F1上，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.8mm。
第二槽段412可以沿直线轨迹延伸，例如沿第一方向F1延伸，由此可以形成方形的预定泄压区401；第二槽段412也可以沿弧线轨迹延伸，由此可以形成跑道型的预定泄压区401。
在本实施例中，第一槽段411、第二刻痕槽42和两个第二槽段412连接，形成环形结构，使得第一槽段411和第二槽段412的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区401进行泄压；同时这种结构有利于增大预定泄压区401的打开面积，增大了电池单体100的泄压面积，提高了电池单体100的泄压速率。
在一些实施例中，第二刻痕槽42与第一槽段411平行且相对布置，所述第二槽段沿直线和/或弧线轨迹延伸。
在一些示例中，第二刻痕槽42的长度尺寸与第一槽段411的长度尺寸相同，第二槽段412为直线形槽，第二槽段412与第一槽段411垂直，第二槽段412沿直线轨迹延伸，能够降低第二槽段412的成型难度。
在一些示例中，第二刻痕槽42的长度尺寸与第一槽段411的长度尺寸相同，第二槽段412沿弧线轨迹延伸，第二槽段412为弧线形槽，由此，泄压部件40在电池单体100泄压时更容易沿着第二槽段412裂开，实现预定泄压区401更为快速地打开。
在一些示例中，第二刻痕槽42的长度尺寸小于第一槽段411的长度尺寸，每个第二槽段包括两部分，一部分沿弧线延伸，另一部分沿直线延伸，由此围成环形结构，且一定程度上缩短的第二刻痕槽42的长度，增大第一刻痕槽41的长度，有利于预定泄压区401更为快速地打开。
如图12-图14所示，在一些实施例中，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向，泄压部件40具有相对设置的第一表面40a和第二表面40b，第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42均设置于第一表面40a。
第一壁部11的厚度方向如图13所示的第二方向F2，第一表面40a和第二表面40b中的一者可以是泄压部件40的外表面，另一者为泄压部件40的内表面，泄压部件40的外表面面向电池单体 100的外部，泄压部件40的内表面面向电池单体100的内部。第一表面40a和第二表面40b可以是平面，第一表面40a和第二表面40b可以平行设置，也可以呈非零夹角设置。第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42设置于第一表面40a，即两个刻痕槽从第一表面向靠近第二表面的方向凹陷，刻痕槽的槽口形成于第一表面40a。
在本实施例中，第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42均设置在第一表面40a，有利于第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42的加工成型，提高加工效率。
如图9和图10所示，在一些实施例中，第一表面40a为泄压部件40面向外壳10的外部的表面。
可以理解的是，第一表面40a为泄压部件40的外表面，在泄压部件40安装在第一壁部11上时，第一表面40a为第一壁部11的外表面。
第一表面40a为泄压部件40面向外壳的外部的表面，使得第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42设置于泄压部件40的外侧，便于在电池单体100的外部加工成型第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42，有利于降低第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42的成型难度，以提高电池单体100的生产效率。
如图7-图11所示，在一些实施例中，泄压部件40与第一壁部11一体成型，第一槽段411的延伸方向与第一方向F1垂直，第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸为W，满足：0.3mm≤W≤0.5mm，可选地，0.35mm≤W≤0.45mm。
如图7-图11所示，泄压部件40与第一壁部11一体成型，可以直接在第一壁部11上设置第一刻痕槽41，形成一体式结构，第一壁部11在设置第一刻痕槽41的区域形成薄弱区，泄压部件40的成型方式简单，省去了泄压部件40与第一壁部11的连接工艺，可以降低电池单体100的生产制造成本。
其中，在一体式结构中，外壳10的壁部(即第一壁部11)的整体刚度大，在电池单体100长期充放电使用过程中，第一壁部11发生的变形程度较小，因而第一槽段411的宽度尺寸可以相对较小，尤其是第一槽段411在第一方向F1上的宽度尺寸可以相对较小。
但刻痕槽的制造通常采用冲压工艺，在刻痕槽的制造过程中，在刻痕位置会有越多材料被挤压到四周，尤其在一体式结构中，冲压区域为封闭区域，冲压过程中流料多且流料空间小，故在第一槽段411制造过程中，第一槽段411的槽底面宽度尺寸越大时，在第一槽段411位置会有越多材料被挤压到四周，此时对制造设备(例如冲压机床)的要求(例如吨位和精度)会越高，而且泄压部件40越容易出现流料不均匀的现象，导致外观尺寸不合格或其他内部微缺陷，进而会导致泄压部件40的制造优率降低。
由此将第一槽段411的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸W限定在0.3mm-0.5mm之间，W可以为0.3mm、0.35mm、0.4mm、0.45mm、0.5mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
由此可以减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
在一些进一步的示例中，0.35mm≤W≤0.45mm。
W可以为0.35mm、0.36mm、0.37mm、0.38mm、0.39mm、0.4mm、0.41mm、0.42mm、0.43mm、0.44mm、0.45mm中任意一者点值或者任意两者之间的范围值。
由此可以进一步减少第一槽段411处最薄弱区域因电极组件20膨胀变形而出现的破损开裂漏液等情况，一定程度上降低低周疲劳现象出现的概率，同时使制造过程中流料均匀，提高外观合格率，降低制造产生的缺陷，提高产品的制造优率。
请参照图7-图16，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41包括第一槽段411和第二槽段412，第一槽段411与第二槽段412相连，第一槽段411和第二槽段412共同限定出预定泄压区401。
第一槽段411和第二槽段412为第一刻痕槽41中的两个槽段。第二槽段412可以是沿直线轨迹延伸的直线形槽，也可以是沿非直线轨迹延伸的非直线形槽，比如，为沿弧线轨迹延伸的弧形槽。若第一槽段411与第二槽段412均沿直线轨迹延伸，第一槽段411与第二槽段412可以呈锐角、直角、钝角设置。第一槽段411与第二槽段412两者可以端部相连，以形成V形、L形等结构，第一槽段411与第二槽段412也可以交叉设置。第一槽段411以及第二槽段412的数量可以是多个，通过多个槽段相互连接，以形成U形、N形或H形等。
在本实施例中，由第一槽段411和第二槽段412共同限定出预定泄压区401，这种结构的第一刻痕槽41结构简单，第一槽段411与第二槽段412相连的位置应力更为集中，更为薄弱，使得泄压部件40在电池单体100热失控时在第一槽段411和第二槽段412相连位置裂开后能够快速地从第一槽段411与第二槽段412裂开，使得预定泄压区401更为快速地打开，以及时泄压。
请参照图15，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41包括两个第一槽段411和一个第二槽段412，两 个第一槽段411相对设置，两个第一槽段411分别与第二槽段412相连，第二槽段412与每个第一槽段411的连接位置偏离第一槽段411的两端，两个第一槽段411和第二槽段412共同限定出预定泄压区401。
作为示例，在图15示出的实施例中，两个第一槽段411和第二槽段412三者形成工字形结构，且第二槽段412的端部分别与对应的第一槽段411的中部连接，位于第二槽段412同一侧的两个第一槽段411的端部之间限定出第一直线段413，第一直线段413和第一槽段411在第二方向F2上的正投影的外缘构成预定泄压区401的预定开启边界，即预定开启边界由第一刻痕槽41的多个端部之间的连线和第一刻痕槽41的一部分在第二方向上的正投影的外缘共同围成。需要说明的是，第二槽段412与第一槽段411的连接位置可以位于第一槽段411的中点位置，也可以偏离第一槽段411的中点位置。
其中，每个第一槽段411沿第三方向F3延伸，第二槽段412可以沿直线轨迹延伸，例如第二槽段412沿第一方向F1延伸，在第一方向F1上，第二槽段412的槽底面的尺寸大于0.15mm，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.15mm≤W≤0.8mm。
在本实施例中，两个第一槽段411连接第二槽段412，使得第一槽段411和第二槽段412的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区401进行泄压；两个第一槽段411相对设置，能够进一步增大预定泄压区401的打开面积，从而增大了电池单体100的泄压面积，提高了电池单体100的泄压速率。
请参照图8，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41包括一个第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412，两个第二槽段412相对设置，第一槽段411连接两个第二槽段412，每个第二槽段412与第一槽段411的连接位置偏离对应第二槽段412的两端，第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412共同限定出预定泄压区401。
作为示例，在图8示出的实施例中，第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412三者形成H形结构，第一槽段411的端部分别与对应的第二槽段412的中部连接，位于第一槽段411同一侧的两个第二槽段412的端部之间限定出第二直线段414，第二直线段414和第二槽段412在第二方向F2上的正投影的外缘构成预定泄压区401的预定开启边界，即预定开启边界由第一刻痕槽41的多个端部之间的连线和第一刻痕槽41的一部分在第二方向上的正投影的外缘共同围成。需要说明的是，第二槽段412与第一槽段411的连接位置可以位于第二槽段412的中点位置，也可以偏离第二槽段412的中点位置。
其中，第一槽段411沿第三方向F3延伸，第二槽段412可以沿直线轨迹延伸，例如每个第二槽段412沿第一方向F1延伸，在第一方向F1上，第二槽段412的槽底面的尺寸大于0.15mm，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.15mm≤W≤0.8mm。
在本实施例中，第一槽段411连接两个第二槽段412，使得第一槽段411和第二槽段412的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区401进行泄压；两个第二槽段412相对设置，能够进一步增大预定泄压区401的打开面积，从而增大了电池单体100的泄压面积，提高了电池单体100的泄压速率。
请参照图16，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41包括一个第一槽段411和四个第二槽段412，第一槽段411的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角设置的两个第二槽段412，第一槽段411和四个第二槽段412共同限定出预定泄压区401。
作为示例，在图16示出的实施例中，第一槽段411的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角设置的两个第二槽段412；在第二方向F2上，位于第一槽段411同一端的两个第二槽段412的正投影的自由端之间限定出以预设夹角的顶点为圆心的弧形段415，位于第一槽段411同一侧的两个第二槽段412的正投影的自由端之间限定出第三直线段416，两个弧形段415和两个第三直线段416共同构成预定泄压区401的预定开启边界，即预定开启边界由第一刻痕槽41的多个端部之间的连线围成。
其中，第一槽段411沿直线轨迹延伸，如图16所示，第一槽段411沿第三方向F3延伸，在第一方向F1上，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.15mm≤W≤0.8mm。
第二槽段412可以沿直线轨迹延伸，每个第二槽段412沿倾斜于第一方向F1的方形延伸，位于第一槽段411同一端的两个第二槽段412的延伸方向相反，位于第一槽段411同一侧的两个第二槽段412的延伸方向相反。每个第二槽段412的槽底面在第一方向F1上的尺寸大于0.15mm。
在本实施例中，第一槽段411连接四个第二槽段412，使得第一槽段411和第二槽段412的相交位置更为薄弱，更容易裂开并打开预定泄压区401进行泄压；同时这种结构有利于增大预定泄压区401的打开面积，增大了电池单体100的泄压面积，提高了电池单体100的泄压速率。
如图8、图12、图15、图16所示，在一些实施例中，第二槽段412沿直线或弧线轨迹延伸。
作为示例，在图8、图15、图16示出的实施例中，第一槽段411和第二槽段412沿直线轨迹延伸，第二槽段412为直线形槽，第二槽段412与第一槽段411垂直，第二槽段412沿直线轨迹延伸，能够降低第二槽段412的成型难度。
在图12示出的实施例中，第二槽段412沿弧线轨迹延伸，第二槽段412为弧线形槽，由此，泄压部件40在电池单体100泄压时更容易沿着第二槽段412裂开，实现预定泄压区401更为快速地打开。
在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41的多个槽段的最小残留厚度相同，由此便于多个槽段的制造成型，降低第一刻痕槽41的制造难度。
请参照图9-图10、图15，在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41限定出至少一个预定泄压区401，泄压部件40设置有第二刻痕槽42，第二刻痕槽42被配置为引导预定泄压区401的至少一部分翻转，以打开预定泄压区401的至少一部分。
第二刻痕槽42为设置于泄压部件40的翻转刻痕，在泄压部件40沿第一刻痕槽41的至少一部分裂开时，第二刻痕槽42能够引导预定泄压区401的至少一部分翻转，也就是说，第二刻痕槽42起到帮助预定泄压区401翻转的作用，使得预定泄压区401向电池单体100的外部翻转更加容易，从而快速地打开预定泄压区401。可以是第二刻痕槽42引导预定泄压区401的全部翻转，也可以是第二刻痕槽42仅引导预定泄压区401的一部分翻转。在电池单体100泄压过程中，泄压部件40能够沿着第一刻痕槽41的至少部分裂开，一般不会沿着第二刻痕槽42裂开。可以是泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域的残留部分的最小厚度小于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域的残留部分的最小厚度，使得泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域相较于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域更容易裂开。第二刻痕槽42可以通过多种方式成型，比如，冲压成型、铣削成型等。第二刻痕槽42的形状可以是多种，比如，第二刻痕槽42为沿弧线轨迹延伸的槽，再如，第二刻痕槽42为沿直线轨迹延伸的槽。第二刻痕槽42的横截面的形状可以是多种，比如，矩形、梯形等。
第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41可以直接相连，第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41也可以彼此不接触。第二刻痕槽42与第一刻痕槽41可以设置于泄压部件40沿第一壁部的厚度方向的同一表面，第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41也可以分别设置于泄压部件40沿第一壁部的厚度方向的相对的两个表面。若第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41直接相连，第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41可以设置于泄压部件40的同一表面。若第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41彼此不接触，沿第一壁部的厚度方向，第二刻痕槽42的投影和第一刻痕槽41的投影可以部分重叠，也可以不重叠。
预定泄压区401为泄压部件40由第一刻痕槽41限定出的区域，第一刻痕槽41限定出的预定泄压区401可以是一个，也可以是多个。预定泄压区401能够在泄压部件40沿第一刻痕槽41裂开时打开。预定泄压区401与第二刻痕槽42可以一一对应，即每个预定泄压区401与一个第二刻痕槽42对应设置。也可以是每个预定泄压区401与多个第二刻痕槽42对应设置。
如图10所示，在一些实施例中，第二刻痕槽42的最小残留厚度小于第一刻痕槽41的最小残留厚度。
第二刻痕槽42的最小残留厚度为泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42后的残留部分的最小厚度，该残留部分可以是第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁。第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的厚度可以是均匀的，也可以是不均匀的，若第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的厚度不均匀，第二刻痕槽42的槽底壁的最薄位置的厚度为第二刻痕槽42的最小残留厚度。
在本实施例中，可以使得泄压部件40设置第一刻痕槽41的区域的强度小于泄压部件40设置第二刻痕槽42的区域的强度，以便于泄压部件40能够优先沿着第一刻痕槽41裂开，以实现预定泄压区401的快速打开。
如图15所示，在一些实施例中，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向，第二刻痕槽42的投影与第一刻痕槽41的投影不重叠。
第一壁部11的厚度方向如图15所示的第二方向F2，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向，可以是第二刻痕槽42的延长线的投影与第一刻痕槽41的投影相连，也可以是第一刻痕槽41的延长线的投影与第二刻痕槽42的投影相连，也可以是第一刻痕槽41的延长线的投影与第二刻痕槽42的延长线的投影相连。第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41可以设置于泄压部件40在第一壁部的厚度方向上的同一侧，比如，第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41均设置于泄压部件40的第一表面40a或第二表面40b；第二刻痕槽42和第一刻痕槽41也可以设置于泄压部件40在第一壁部的厚度方向上的不同侧，比如，第一刻痕槽41设置于泄压部件40的第一表面40a和第二表面40b中的一者，第二刻痕槽42设置于另一者。
在本实施例中，第二刻痕槽42沿第一壁部11的厚度方向的投影与第一刻痕槽41沿第一壁部 11的厚度方向的投影不重叠，能够减小第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42在加工过程中的相互影响，降低在加工过程中第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42彼此连通的风险。
如图10所示，在一些实施例中，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向，泄压部件40具有相对设置的第一表面40a和第二表面40b，第一刻痕槽41设置于第一表面40a，第二刻痕槽42设置第二表面40b。
第一壁部11的厚度方向如图10所示的第二方向F2，第一表面40a和第二表面40b中的一者可以是泄压部件40的外表面，另一者为泄压部件40的内表面，泄压部件40的外表面面向电池单体100的外部，泄压部件40的内表面面向电池单体100的内部。第一表面40a和第二表面40b可以是平面，第一表面40a和第二表面40b可以平行设置，也可以呈非零夹角设置。第一刻痕槽41设置于第一表面40a，即第一刻痕槽41从第一表面40a向靠近第二表面40b的方向凹陷，第一刻痕槽41的槽口形成于第一表面40a；第二刻痕槽42设置于第二表面40b，第二刻痕槽42从第二表面40b向靠近第一表面40a的方向凹陷，第二刻痕槽42的槽口形成于第二表面40b。可以理解的是，槽段设置于第一表面40a，是指槽段从第一表面40a向靠近第二表面40b的方向凹陷。
在本实施例中，第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42分别设置在第一表面40a和第二表面40b，使得第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42分别位于泄压部件40在厚度方向的两侧，以便于在泄压部件40的两侧分别对第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42进行加工，有利于减小第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42在加工过程中的相互影响。
如图9和图10所示，在一些实施例中，第一表面40a为泄压部件40面向外壳10的外部的表面，第二表面40b为泄压部件40面向外壳10的内部的表面。
可以理解的是，第一表面40a为泄压部件40的外表面，第二表面40b为泄压部件40的内表面。在泄压部件40安装或一体形成在第一壁部11上时，第一表面40a为第一壁部11的外表面，第二表面40b为第一壁部11的内表面。
第一表面40a为泄压部件40面向外壳的外部的表面，使得第一刻痕槽41设置于泄压部件40的外侧，便于在电池单体100的外部加工成型第一刻痕槽41，有利于降低第一刻痕槽41的成型难度，以提高电池单体100的生产效率。第二表面40b为泄压部件40面向外壳的内部的表面，使得第二刻痕槽42设置于泄压部件40的内侧，一方面预定泄压区401向外翻转打开过程中，第二刻痕槽42在宽度方向相对的两个侧面不易发生抵靠，有利于增大预定泄压区401的打开面积；另一方面使得第二刻痕槽42并未暴露于电池单体100的外部，降低泄压部件40在第二刻痕槽42区域被氧化腐蚀的风险。
请参照图10-图11，图11为图10中的圈示C处的局部放大图，在一些实施例中，沿第一壁部11的厚度方向，泄压部件40具有相对设置的第一表面40a和第二表面40b，第一槽段411包括从第一表面40a向靠近第二表面40b的方向依次设置的多级槽，在相邻的两级槽中，远离第一表面40a的一级槽设置于靠近第一表面40a的一级槽的槽底面；其中，多级槽中最远离第一表面40a的一级槽为第一级槽4111，第一级槽4111的最小残留厚度为第一槽段411的最小残留厚度，第一级槽4111的槽底面为第一槽段411的槽底面。
第一壁部11的厚度方向为第二方向F2，槽段可以是两级槽、三级槽、四级槽、五级槽等。可以理解的是，槽段为阶梯槽。沿第一表面40a指向第二表面40b的方向，各级槽的槽宽逐渐减小。如图11所示，以槽段为三级槽为例，两级槽分别为第一级槽4111、第二级槽和第三级槽，在加工时，可以先在第一表面40a加工出宽度较大的第三级槽，再在第三级槽的槽底面加工出宽度稍微小一点的第二级槽，再在第二级槽的槽底面加工出宽度更小的第一级槽4111。
第一级槽4111为槽段中最远离第一表面40a的一级槽。第一级槽4111的槽底面即为槽段的槽底面，第一级槽4111的最小残留厚度即为槽段的最小残留厚度，第一级槽4111的槽底面与第一表面40a的最大距离等于槽段的最大槽深。
在本实施例中，通过将槽段设置为沿第一壁部11的厚度方向排布多级槽，在成型槽段时可以沿第一表面40a指向第二表面40b的方向逐个加工各级槽，减小了每一级槽的成型深度，降低了泄压部件40在成型第一刻痕槽41时所受到的成型力，降低泄压部件40在成型第一刻痕槽41时被破坏的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一刻痕槽41冲压成型于泄压部件40。
可以理解的是，第一刻痕槽41通过冲压成型的方式成型于泄压部件40。若第一刻痕槽41为一级槽结构，在泄压部件40上成型时，可以冲压一次，以在泄压部件40上冲压出槽段；若第一刻痕槽41为多级槽结构，在泄压部件40上成型时，可以在泄压部件40上冲压多次，每次冲压出一级槽，经过多次冲压最终形成槽段。可以理解的是，在泄压部件40与第一壁部11一体成型的实施例中，槽段冲压成型于第一壁部11。
在本实施例中，第一刻痕槽41冲压成型于泄压部件40，第一刻痕槽41的成型方式简单，有利于降低电池单体100的生产成本。
如图3和图4所示，在一些示例中，外壳10包括：壳体101和端盖102，壳体101的至少一侧具有开口，端盖102与壳体101相连，并用于封闭开口，第一壁部11形成于壳体101。
壳体101可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，壳体101也可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体101可以是多种形状，比如，棱柱状等。
端盖102是封闭壳体101的开口以将电池单体100的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖102与壳体101共同限定出用于容纳电极组件20、电解质以及其他部件的收容空间。端盖102的形状可以与外壳10的形状相适配，比如，壳体101为长方体结构，端盖102为与外壳10相适配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体101为圆柱体结构，端盖102为与壳体101相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖102的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金、塑料等，端盖102与壳体101的材质可以相同，也可以不同。
在壳体101为一端形成开口的实施例中，端盖102可以对应设置一个。在壳体101为相对的两端形成开口的实施例中，端盖102可以对应设置两个，两个端盖102分别封闭壳体101的两个开口，两个端盖102与壳体101共同限定出收容空间。
壳体101具有第一壁部11和第二壁部12，泄压部件40设在壳体101上，泄压部件40可以与壳体101一体成型，也可以与壳体101分体设置，通过将泄压部件40设置在壳体101上，可以简化端盖102的结构，同时便于缩短泄压部件40与电极组件20的主体部之间的距离，进而可以缩短泄压时排放介质流动到泄压部件40的路径，缩短排放介质到达泄压部件40的时间，提高了电池单体100的泄压及时性，从而有效提高了电池单体100的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，壳体101的相对两侧均具有开口，两个端盖102用于封闭对应侧的开口。
在壳体101为相对的两端形成开口的实施例中，端盖102可以对应设置两个，两个端盖102分别封闭壳体101的两个开口，两个端盖102与壳体101共同限定出收容空间。第一壁部11位于壳体101上，泄压部件40位于两个开口之间，每个端盖102上均可以设置有一个电连接部30。通过在壳体101上设置两个开口，可以便于壳体101的制造成型，同时便于电极组件20从两端引出极耳，进而便于将两个电连接部30分隔布置，降低电池单体100短路的风险。
其中，端盖102设有电连接部30，电连接部30与正极极片21电连接，或电连接部30与负极极片22电连接，由此可以输入或输出电池单体100的电能。
如图3和图7所示，第一壁部11用于支撑电极组件20，第一壁部11位于电极组件20的下方。
由此泄压部件40可以设在电池单体100的底部，电池单体100的底部可以设有排气通道，排气通道与泄压部件40可连通，以在电池单体100发生热失控时将高温高压的烟气通过底部的泄压部件40排出至排气通道内，进而排至外界。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的电池1000，包括根据本申请上述第一方面实施例的电池单体100。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的用电装置，包括根据本申请上述第二方面实施例的电池1000，电池1000用于为用电装置提供电能。由此，通过采用上述的电池1000，有利于提升用电装置的使用安全性和可靠性。
可选地，如图1所示，当电池1000用于车辆时，电池1000可以设置在车辆的底部、或头部、或尾部。电池1000可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池1000可以作为车辆的操作电源。车辆还可以包括控制器和马达，控制器用来控制电池1000为马达供电，例如，用于车辆的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
下面结合附图描述根据本申请一个具体实施例的电池1000和具有其的车辆。
如图1所示，电池1000设于车辆的底部，并且如图2所示，电池1000包括多个电池单体100，如图3所示，每个电池单体100包括外壳10和电极组件20，外壳10上设有电连接部30和泄压部件40，电连接部30和泄压部件40位于外壳10的不同侧；电极组件20布置于外壳10内。
如图3所示，外壳10大致呈四棱柱状，结构简单，易于成型。外壳10具有第一壁部11，第一壁部11位于电极组件20在第二方向F2上的一侧，第一壁部11沿第三方向F3延伸，第一壁部11设置有通孔，泄压部件40可以通过粘接、焊接等方式安装于第一壁部11的通孔处，泄压部件40为独立于外壳10的部件，泄压部件40和外壳10可以单独生产再组装，泄压部件40的外侧还可以设有贴片60，贴片60与外壳10配合以对泄压部件40起到保护作用。
如图12-图14所示，泄压部件40设置有第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42，第一刻痕槽41处的残留厚度小于第二刻痕槽42处的残留厚度。
泄压部件40被配置为在电池单体100泄压时能够沿第一刻痕槽41的至少一部分裂开。具体而 言，第一刻痕槽41包括一个第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412，第一槽段411和第二刻痕槽42相对设置且分别沿第三方向F3延伸，两个第二槽段412相对设置且形成弧形槽，每个第一槽段411的两端分别与两个第二槽段412连接，两个第二槽段412和第一槽段411以及第二刻痕槽42构成封闭的环状结构。
在第一方向F1上，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.4mm≤W≤0.75mm。
如图7-图11所示，在另一些实施例中，泄压部件40一体成型在第一壁部11上，泄压部件40设置有第一刻痕槽41和第二刻痕槽42，第一刻痕槽41包括第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412，第一槽段411的端部分别与对应的第二槽段412的中部连接，第一槽段411沿第三方向F3延伸，第二槽段412沿第一方向F1延伸，第一槽段411和两个第二槽段412三者形成H形结构。
沿第一壁部11的厚度方向(第二方向F2)，泄压部件40具有相对设置的第一表面40a和第二表面40b，第一槽段411包括从第一表面40a向靠近第二表面40b的方向依次设置的多级槽，在相邻的两级槽中，远离第一表面40a的一级槽设置于靠近第一表面40a的一级槽的槽底面；其中，多级槽中最远离第一表面40a的一级槽为第一级槽4111，第一级槽4111的最小残留厚度为第一槽段411的最小残留厚度，第一级槽4111的槽底面为第一槽段411的槽底面。
第二槽段412也为多级槽，第二槽段412与第一级槽411形状相同且对应级槽的最小残留厚度相同。
第一刻痕槽41在第一槽段411处具有最小残留厚度，第二槽段412处的最小残留厚度等于第一槽段411处具有最小残留厚度。
在第一方向F1上，第一槽段411的槽底面的宽度尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.5mm。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    电极组件，包括至少一个正极极片和至少一个负极极片，所述至少一个正极极片和所述至少一个负极极片堆叠并形成平直区，所述正极极片的至少一部分和所述负极极片的至少一部分在所述平直区沿第一方向层叠设置；
    外壳，用于容纳所述电极组件，所述外壳包括第一壁部；
    泄压部件，设置于所述第一壁部，所述泄压部件设置有第一刻痕槽，所述泄压部件被配置为在所述电池单体泄压时能够沿所述第一刻痕槽的至少一部分裂开；
    其中，所述第一刻痕槽包括沿直线轨迹延伸的第一槽段，所述第一槽段的长度方向垂直于所述第一方向，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，0.3mm≤W≤0.8mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述泄压部件与所述第一壁部焊接固定，所述泄压部件安装于所述第一壁部，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，满足：0.4mm≤W≤0.75mm，可选地，0.44mm≤W≤0.65mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一壁部沿所述第一方向的宽度为D，满足：0.008≤W/D≤0.019，20mm≤D≤80mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽限定出至少一个预定泄压区，所述泄压部件设置有第二刻痕槽，所述第二刻痕槽被配置为引导所述预定泄压区的至少一部分翻转，以打开所述预定泄压区的至少一部分。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二刻痕槽的残留厚度大于所述第一刻痕槽的残留厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二刻痕槽的最大宽度不大于所述第一刻痕槽的最大宽度。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽还包括两个第二槽段，两个所述第二槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段的两端分别连接两个所述第二槽段的一端，两个所述第二槽段的另一端连接所述第二刻痕槽的两端，所述第一槽段、两个所述第二槽段和所述第二刻痕槽共同限定出预定泄压区。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二刻痕槽与所述第一槽段平行且相对布置，所述第二槽段沿直线和/或弧线轨迹延伸。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一刻痕槽和所述第二刻痕槽设置于所述第一表面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的外部的表面。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述泄压部件与所述第一壁部为一体成型结构，所述第一槽段的槽底面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为W，满足：0.3mm≤W≤0.5mm，可选地，0.35mm≤W≤0.45mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1-3、11中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽包括所述第一槽段和第二槽段，所述第一槽段与所述第二槽段相连，所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽包括两个所述第一槽段和一个所述第二槽段，两个所述第一槽段相对设置，两个所述第一槽段分别与所述第二槽段相连，所述第二槽段与每个所述第一槽段的连接位置偏离所述第一槽段的两端，两个所述第一槽段和所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽包括一个所述第一槽段和两个所述第二槽段，两个所述第二槽段相对设置，所述第一槽段连接两个所述第二槽段，每个所述第二槽段与所述第一槽段的连接位置偏离对应所述第二槽段的两端，所述第一槽段和两个所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，多个所述槽段包括一个所述第一槽段和四个所述第二槽段，所述第一槽段的两端分别连接有呈预设夹角设置的两个所述第二槽段，所述第一槽段和四个所述第二槽段共同限定出预定泄压区。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽限定出至少一个预 定泄压区，所述泄压部件设置有第二刻痕槽，所述第二刻痕槽被配置为引导所述预定泄压区的至少一部分翻转，以打开所述预定泄压区的至少一部分。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一刻痕槽设置于所述第一表面，所述第二刻痕槽设置所述第二表面。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的外部的表面，所述第二表面为所述泄压部件面向所述外壳的内部的表面。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第一壁部的厚度方向，所述泄压部件具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一槽段包括从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向依次设置的多级槽，在相邻的两级槽中，远离所述第一表面的一级槽设置于靠近所述第一表面的一级槽的槽底面；
    其中，所述多级槽中最远离所述第一表面的一级槽为第一级槽，所述第一级槽的最小残留厚度为所述第一槽段的最小残留厚度，所述第一级槽的槽底面为所述第一槽段的槽底面。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一刻痕槽冲压成型于所述泄压部件。
  21. 根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括：壳体和端盖，所述壳体的至少一侧具有开口，所述端盖与所述壳体相连，并用于封闭所述开口，所述第一壁部形成于所述壳体。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体的相对两侧均具有开口，两个所述端盖用于封闭对应侧的所述开口。
  23. 根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一壁部用于支撑所述电极组件且位于所述电极组件的下方。
  24. 一种电池，其中，包括根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的电池单体。
  25. 一种用电装置，其中，包括根据权利要求24所述的电池，所述电池用于给所述用电装置提供电能。
PCT/CN2024/104037 2024-07-05 2024-07-05 电池单体、电池及用电装置 Pending WO2026007129A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202480004113.0A CN121646845A (zh) 2024-07-05 2024-07-05 电池单体、电池及用电装置
PCT/CN2024/104037 WO2026007129A1 (zh) 2024-07-05 2024-07-05 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2024/104037 WO2026007129A1 (zh) 2024-07-05 2024-07-05 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2026007129A1 true WO2026007129A1 (zh) 2026-01-08

Family

ID=98317461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2024/104037 Pending WO2026007129A1 (zh) 2024-07-05 2024-07-05 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN121646845A (zh)
WO (1) WO2026007129A1 (zh)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004014230A (ja) * 2002-06-05 2004-01-15 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 蓄電池
US20140072841A1 (en) * 2011-05-09 2014-03-13 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Battery can for storage battery
CN212434721U (zh) * 2020-06-22 2021-01-29 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 锂离子电池外壳及锂离子电池
CN115663389A (zh) * 2022-11-17 2023-01-31 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 外壳部件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN218414925U (zh) * 2021-08-31 2023-01-31 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN116666887A (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-08-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN117283145A (zh) * 2023-09-26 2023-12-26 常州金品精密技术有限公司 具有防爆刻痕的电池壳体的制作方法、电池及用电设备
CN220856827U (zh) * 2023-09-11 2024-04-26 中创新航科技集团股份有限公司 电池、电池装置
CN118017140A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-05-10 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电化学装置及用电设备

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004014230A (ja) * 2002-06-05 2004-01-15 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 蓄電池
US20140072841A1 (en) * 2011-05-09 2014-03-13 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Battery can for storage battery
CN212434721U (zh) * 2020-06-22 2021-01-29 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 锂离子电池外壳及锂离子电池
CN218414925U (zh) * 2021-08-31 2023-01-31 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN218769952U (zh) * 2021-08-31 2023-03-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN115663389A (zh) * 2022-11-17 2023-01-31 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 外壳部件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN116666887A (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-08-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN220856827U (zh) * 2023-09-11 2024-04-26 中创新航科技集团股份有限公司 电池、电池装置
CN117283145A (zh) * 2023-09-26 2023-12-26 常州金品精密技术有限公司 具有防爆刻痕的电池壳体的制作方法、电池及用电设备
CN118017140A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-05-10 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电化学装置及用电设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN121646845A (zh) 2026-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2024244162A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN221766962U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
WO2023028865A1 (zh) 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN221766960U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
WO2025236368A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN223309154U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
US20260024872A1 (en) Battery cell, battery and electric device
US20260024848A1 (en) Battery cell, battery, and electrical device
EP4675804A1 (en) Battery cell, battery and electric device
CN223436573U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN223871644U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
US20260031474A1 (en) Battery cell, battery and electric device
CN223843101U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN223260799U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN221841935U (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN121646845A (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
WO2026040062A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
EP4583262A1 (en) Case, battery cell, battery, and powered device
WO2025138238A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2026061037A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2025138244A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN121100442A (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2025148033A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2025138241A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
WO2025179786A1 (zh) 壳体制造方法、壳体、电池单体、电池及用电设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 24946003

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1