WO2025200540A1 - 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 - Google Patents
两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法Info
- Publication number
- WO2025200540A1 WO2025200540A1 PCT/CN2024/136170 CN2024136170W WO2025200540A1 WO 2025200540 A1 WO2025200540 A1 WO 2025200540A1 CN 2024136170 W CN2024136170 W CN 2024136170W WO 2025200540 A1 WO2025200540 A1 WO 2025200540A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- gas
- evaporator
- refrigerant
- rectifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20818—Liquid cooling with phase change within cabinets for removing heat from server blades
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20309—Evaporators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20318—Condensers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20327—Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20381—Thermal management, e.g. evaporation control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20836—Thermal management, e.g. server temperature control
Definitions
- X A*Q ⁇ b*V ⁇ c*H ⁇ d; wherein Q is the power consumption of the components cooled by the second evaporator, in W; V is the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator, in M/S; H is the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, in KJ/KG; b, c, and d are exponents, and A is a correction coefficient; the range of b is 0.3 to 0.6, the range of c is 0.1 to 0.36, and the range of d is 0.01 to 0.1.
- the front evaporator is used to cool the SW chip, and the first and second evaporators are used to cool the GPU.
- the front evaporator is used to cool the VR chip, and the first and second evaporators are used to cool the hard disk;
- the front evaporator is used to cool the optical module components, and the first and second evaporators are used to cool the SW chips.
- X A*Q ⁇ b*V ⁇ c*H ⁇ d; wherein, Q is the power consumption of the component cooled by the second evaporator, in W; V is the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, in M/S; H is the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, in KJ/KG; b, c, and d are exponents, and A is a correction coefficient; B ranges from 0.3 to 0.6, c ranges from 0.1 to 0.36, and d ranges from 0.01 to 0.1.
- refrigerant flow is directed between the gas-liquid rectifier and the liquid reservoir and/or condenser based on the heat transfer requirements of the component cooled by the second evaporator.
- the dryness of the refrigerant output from the first evaporator can be adjusted to avoid excessively low or high dryness. This ensures that the refrigerant entering the second evaporator meets the heat transfer requirements of the components it cools.
- FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system provided in Example 1 of the present application
- FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid rectifier in FIG1 ;
- FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system provided in Example 2 of the present application
- FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid rectifier in FIG3 ;
- FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system provided in Example 3 of the present application.
- FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid rectifier in FIG5 ;
- FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system provided in Example 4 of the present application.
- FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system provided in Example 5 of the present application.
- a dryness meter 50 is installed between the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32.
- the dryness meter 50 is used to detect the dryness of the refrigerant before it enters the second evaporator 32.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 adjusts the dryness of the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 based on the detection results of the dryness meter 50.
- the dryness meter 50 can be used to determine the dryness of the refrigerant before it enters the second evaporator 32, allowing adjustments to be made based on the detection results, facilitating operation.
- a dryness meter 50 is provided between the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the first evaporator 31.
- the dryness meter 50 is used to detect the dryness of the refrigerant output from the first evaporator 31.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 adjusts the dryness of the refrigerant output from the first evaporator 31 based on the detection result of the dryness meter 50.
- a dryness meter 50 is provided between the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the second evaporator 32.
- the dryness meter 50 is used to detect the dryness of the refrigerant output from the gas-liquid rectifier 40.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 adjusts the dryness of the refrigerant output from the first evaporator 31 based on the detection result of the dryness meter 50.
- this solution can detect the dryness of the refrigerant before entering the second evaporator 32, and adjust the refrigerant in the gas-liquid rectifier 40 based on the detection results, so that the control of the refrigerant dryness is more precise to meet the cooling requirements of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32, so that the temperature difference between the front and rear components on the series branch is reduced.
- dryness meter 50 may also be provided at other locations to monitor whether the dryness of the refrigerant at different locations meets the usage requirements.
- the heat transfer requirement of the component cooled by the second evaporator 32 is derived based on its own power consumption, the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 32, and the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant.
- the heat transfer requirement of a component is the cooling capacity required for the component to maintain a normal operating temperature.
- This solution takes into account the component's own power consumption, the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 32 of the liquid cooling system, and the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant. It also comprehensively considers the characteristics of the component itself and the characteristics of the liquid cooling system.
- the expected dryness of the second evaporator 32 to meet the heat transfer requirements of the components it cools is X. If the dryness meter 50 test result is lower than the expected dryness, the gas-liquid rectifier 40 adjusts to increase the dryness of the refrigerant within it. If the dryness meter 50 test result is higher than the expected dryness, the gas-liquid rectifier 40 adjusts to reduce the dryness of the refrigerant within it. This ensures that the dryness of the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 reaches the expected dryness, improving temperature uniformity across multiple components cooled in series.
- the expected dryness is a range value.
- X A*Q ⁇ b*V ⁇ c*H ⁇ d;
- Q is the power consumption of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32, in W;
- V is the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, in M/S;
- H is the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, in KJ/KG;
- b, c, and d are indexes, and
- A is a correction coefficient;
- the range of b is 0.3 to 0.6
- the range of c is 0.1 to 0.36
- d is 0.01 to 0.1.
- This formula combines the characteristics of the component itself and the characteristics of the liquid cooling system, and is provided with a correction coefficient adjusted according to specific circumstances. Taking all factors into consideration, the calculated dryness is more in line with actual needs, so that the heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 is more accurately matched with the heat transfer requirements of the component.
- the power consumption Q of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32 has a greater impact on the required dryness, so the range of its corresponding index b is larger, so Q accounts for a larger proportion in the formula, which is more in line with the actual situation;
- the latent heat of vaporization V of the refrigerant has a relatively small impact on the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system, so the range of its corresponding index d is larger, so V accounts for a larger proportion in the formula, which is more in line with the actual situation.
- the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system further includes a liquid reservoir 12, which stores liquid refrigerant.
- the liquid reservoir 12 can be connected to the condenser 11 and supplied with liquid refrigerant through the condenser 11.
- the liquid reservoir 12 is used to supply liquid refrigerant to the gas-liquid rectifier 40 or to store some of the liquid refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid rectifier 40 to adjust the refrigerant dryness.
- the condenser 11 can supply gaseous refrigerant to the gas-liquid rectifier 40 or store part of the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid rectifier 40 to adjust the refrigerant dryness.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 may also be connected to other external structures to transport gaseous refrigerant or liquid refrigerant, thereby adjusting the refrigerant dryness.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifier box 41 having a liquid replenishment port 42 and a gas replenishment port 43.
- the liquid replenishment port 42 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a pipeline to replenish liquid refrigerant into the rectifier box 41
- the gas replenishment port 43 is connected to the condenser 11 via a pipeline to replenish gaseous refrigerant into the rectifier box 41.
- liquid refrigerant can be replenished into the liquid replenishment port 42 via the liquid reservoir 12, thereby reducing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant; if the dryness of the refrigerant output by the first evaporator 31 is lower than expected, gaseous refrigerant can be replenished into the gas replenishment port 43 via the condenser 11, thereby increasing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant.
- a new evaporator can be connected in series after the second evaporator 32, and the new components can be cooled.
- a gas-liquid rectifier 40 is set between the second evaporator 32 and the subsequent evaporator. The dryness of the refrigerant before entering the next evaporator is adjusted by the gas-liquid rectifier 40 to ensure the cooling uniformity of the series system.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 also includes a nozzle 44, which is located in the rectifier box 41 and connected to the liquid infusion port 42.
- a nozzle 44 which is located in the rectifier box 41 and connected to the liquid infusion port 42. This allows the liquid refrigerant entering the rectifier box 41 to be distributed more evenly, which is conducive to gas-liquid mixing.
- the liquid infusion port 42 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 through a liquid infusion pipeline, and a first liquid pump 61 is provided on the liquid infusion pipeline.
- the gas infusion port 43 is connected to the condenser 11 through an air infusion pipeline, and a first air pump 71 is provided on the air infusion pipeline.
- the first liquid pump 61 provides power for the flow of liquid refrigerant
- the first air pump 71 provides power for the flow of gaseous refrigerant.
- a regulating valve 15 can be provided on the liquid infusion pipeline and the air infusion pipeline, and the regulating valve 15 is used to adjust the flow or control the opening and closing
- the rectifier box 41 has a two-phase gas-liquid inlet and a two-phase gas-liquid outlet.
- the two-phase gas-liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator 31, and the two-phase gas-liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 32.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 also includes a gas-liquid mixer 48 disposed within the rectifier box 41.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 is used to mix the refrigerant entering the two-phase gas-liquid outlet.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 can fully mix the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32. The purpose is to ensure that the gas-liquid two-phase flow at the outlet is evenly mixed and then enters the next component to evenly absorb heat, thereby avoiding the rapid expansion of bubbles in the second evaporator 32 in the later stage, causing unstable flow and pressure fluctuations.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifier box 41, which has a liquid replenishment port 42 and a liquid discharge port 45.
- the liquid replenishment port 42 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a pipeline to replenish liquid refrigerant into the rectifier box 41
- the liquid discharge port 45 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a pipeline to discharge a portion of the liquid refrigerant in the rectifier box 41.
- liquid refrigerant can be replenished into the liquid replenishment port 42 via the liquid reservoir 12, thereby reducing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant; if the dryness of the refrigerant output by the first evaporator 31 is lower than expected, a portion of the liquid refrigerant can be discharged to the condenser 11 via the liquid discharge port 45, thereby increasing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant.
- the drain port 45 is located at the bottom of the rectifier box 41 so that the liquid refrigerant can be discharged smoothly. As shown in FIG4 , the bottom of the rectifier box 41 also has a drain port for discharging the refrigerant during maintenance.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 also includes a nozzle 44, which is located in the rectifier box 41 and connected to the liquid inlet 42.
- the liquid inlet 42 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a liquid inlet pipeline.
- a first liquid pump 61 is provided on the liquid inlet pipeline.
- the liquid discharge port 45 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a liquid discharge pipeline.
- a second liquid pump 62 is provided on the liquid discharge pipeline. In this way, the first liquid pump 61 and the second liquid pump 62 can provide power for the flow of liquid refrigerant.
- regulating valves 15 can be installed on the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid discharge pipeline to adjust the flow or control the opening and closing of the pipeline.
- the liquid replenishment port 42 and the liquid discharge port 45 are the same port and are connected to the liquid reservoir 12 via a bidirectional pipeline.
- the bidirectional pipeline is provided with a bidirectional liquid pump that can change the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant, or the bidirectional pipeline is provided with a reversing valve and a one-way liquid pump that can change the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant. In this way, bidirectional flow of the refrigerant can be achieved without using two liquid pumps, thereby reducing costs.
- the rectifying box 41 has a two-phase gas-liquid inlet and a two-phase gas-liquid outlet, the two-phase gas-liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator 31, and the two-phase gas-liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 32;
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 also includes a gas-liquid separator 47 and a gas-liquid mixer 48 arranged in the rectifying box 41, the gas-liquid separator 47 performs gas-liquid separation on the refrigerant input from the two-phase gas-liquid inlet, and the gas-liquid separator 47 can selectively work or not work, and the gas-liquid mixer 48 is used to mix the refrigerant that will enter the two-phase gas-liquid outlet.
- the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 can be fully mixed with gas and liquid through the gas-liquid mixer 48.
- the purpose is to allow the gas-liquid two-phase flow at the outlet to mix evenly and then enter the next component to evenly absorb heat, so as to avoid the rapid expansion of bubbles in the second evaporator 32 in the later stage, causing unstable flow and pressure fluctuations.
- the refrigerant entering the rectification box 41 can be separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 47 first, so that the liquid refrigerant can be concentrated at the bottom of the rectification box 41, which is conducive to the extraction of part of the liquid refrigerant.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 does not work, that is, no gas-liquid separation is performed.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifier box 41, which has an exhaust port 46 and an air supply port 43.
- the exhaust port 46 is connected to the condenser 11 through a pipeline to discharge a portion of the gaseous refrigerant in the rectifier box 41
- the air supply port 43 is connected to the condenser 11 through a pipeline to replenish the gaseous refrigerant in the rectifier box 41.
- the dryness of the refrigerant output by the first evaporator 31 is higher than expected, a portion of the gaseous refrigerant can be discharged to the condenser 11 through the exhaust port 46, thereby reducing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant; if the dryness of the refrigerant output by the first evaporator 31 is lower than expected, gaseous refrigerant can be replenished to the air supply port 43 through the condenser 11, thereby increasing the dryness of the two-phase refrigerant.
- the exhaust port 46 is located at the top of the rectifier box 41 to facilitate the discharge of the gaseous refrigerant.
- the air supply port 43 is connected to the condenser 11 through an air supply pipeline, and a first air pump 71 is provided on the air supply pipeline.
- the exhaust port 46 is connected to the condenser 11 through an exhaust pipeline, and a second air pump 72 is provided on the exhaust pipeline; the first air pump 71 and the second air pump 72 provide power for the flow of gaseous refrigerant in different directions respectively.
- the air supply port 43 and the air exhaust port 46 are the same port and are connected to the condenser 11 via a bidirectional pipeline.
- the bidirectional pipeline is provided with a bidirectional air pump that can change the flow direction of the gaseous refrigerant, or the bidirectional pipeline is provided with a reversing valve and a one-way air pump that can change the flow direction of the gaseous refrigerant. This can reduce the number of air pumps and reduce costs.
- the rectifying box 41 has a two-phase gas-liquid inlet and a two-phase gas-liquid outlet, the two-phase gas-liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator 31, and the two-phase gas-liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 32;
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 also includes a gas-liquid separator 47 and a gas-liquid mixer 48 arranged in the rectifying box 41, the gas-liquid separator 47 performs gas-liquid separation on the refrigerant input from the two-phase gas-liquid inlet, and the gas-liquid separator 47 can selectively work or not work, and the gas-liquid mixer 48 is used to mix the refrigerant that will enter the two-phase gas-liquid outlet.
- the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 can be fully mixed with gas and liquid through the gas-liquid mixer 48.
- the purpose is to allow the gas-liquid two-phase flow at the outlet to mix evenly and then enter the next component to evenly absorb heat, so as to avoid the rapid expansion of bubbles in the second evaporator 32 in the later stage, causing unstable flow and pressure fluctuations.
- the refrigerant entering the rectification box 41 can be separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 47 first, so that the gaseous refrigerant can be concentrated on the top of the rectification box 41, which is conducive to extracting a part of the gaseous refrigerant.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 does not work, that is, no gas-liquid separation is performed.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifier box 41 and a gas-liquid separator 47.
- the rectifier box 41 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 and/or the condenser 11.
- the rectifier box 41 has a two-phase gas-liquid inlet, which is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator 31.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 performs gas-liquid separation on the refrigerant input from the two-phase gas-liquid inlet.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 can be selectively operated or not.
- the two-phase refrigerant entering the rectifier box 41 can be separated into gas and liquid, thereby making it easier to discharge the liquid refrigerant or the gaseous refrigerant and improving the efficiency of adjusting the dryness.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 is movably arranged. When the gas-liquid separator 47 is moved toward the two-phase gas-liquid inlet, the gas-liquid separator 47 is in operation. When the gas-liquid separator 47 is moved away from the two-phase gas-liquid inlet, the gas-liquid separator 47 is inoperative. In this way, the gas-liquid separator 47 can be switched to be inoperative or inoperative by moving the gas-liquid separator 47, which is convenient for operation.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 is a folding plate separator, which is swingably arranged.
- the folding plate separator switches its position by swinging to face or avoid the two-phase gas-liquid inlet. This method can achieve functional requirements with a simple structure.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifying box 41 and a gas-liquid mixer 48.
- the rectifying box 41 is connected to the liquid reservoir 12 and/or the condenser 11.
- the rectifying box 41 has a two-phase gas-liquid outlet, which is connected to the outlet of the second evaporator 32.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 is used to mix the refrigerant that will enter the two-phase gas-liquid outlet.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 can fully mix the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32, so that the gas-liquid two-phase flow at the outlet can be evenly mixed and enter the next component to evenly absorb heat, avoiding the rapid expansion of bubbles in the second evaporator 32 in the later stage, causing unstable flow and pressure fluctuations.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 is oriented toward the two-phase gas-liquid outlet and includes a plurality of wavy louvers arranged side by side, or includes an orifice plate with a plurality of circular or polygonal holes.
- the gas-liquid mixer 48 can have various structures to achieve the desired gas-liquid mixing effect.
- the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system also includes a liquid reservoir 12, a circulating pump 13, a preheater 14 and multiple regulating valves 15.
- the outlet of the condenser 11, the circulating pump 13, the preheater 14, the regulating valve 15 and the inlet of the cooling pipe 20 are connected in sequence.
- the regulating valve 15 is provided on the pipeline between the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the liquid reservoir 12, and/or the regulating valve 15 is provided on the pipeline between the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the condenser 11.
- the circulation pump 13 provides power for the flow of refrigerant in the entire system.
- the refrigerant passes through the preheater 14 from the circulation pump 13, reduces the subcooling degree through preheating, then enters the regulating valve 15 for throttling, and then enters the cooling pipe 20 of the cooling branch with appropriate flow rate and subcooling degree.
- multiple cooling branches can be configured and connected in parallel. Different cooling branches cool different components, allowing multiple devices to share a single liquid cooling system, thus reducing costs.
- Figure 7 shows two cooling branches running in parallel
- Figure 8 shows three cooling branches running in parallel.
- multiple gas-liquid rectifiers 40 in different cooling branches in the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system can share a liquid pump or an air pump, and the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the liquid pump or the air pump are controlled to be on and off respectively through the branch pipelines and regulating valves 15 corresponding to the gas-liquid rectifier 40.
- the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system also includes a data acquisition module and a control module.
- the data acquisition module is electrically connected to different components, such as the evaporator, the regulating valve 15, the gas-liquid rectifier 40, and the dryness meter 50. Information is collected through the data acquisition module.
- the data acquisition module and different components are electrically connected to the control module, and the gas-liquid rectifier 40 and the like are controlled by the control module, thereby improving the degree of automation of the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system.
- the cooling branch also includes a front evaporator 33, which is connected to the cooling pipe 20 and is located between the outlet of the condenser 11 and the first evaporator 31.
- the front evaporator 33 is used to cool low-power components, and the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 are respectively used to cool different high-power components.
- the refrigerant with supercooling and weak heat exchange capacity output from the condenser 11 first passes through the front evaporator 33 to cool the low-power components, which not only meets the cooling needs of the low-power components, but also allows the refrigerant to become a saturated refrigerant after heat exchange, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity, and then enters the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 to cool the high-power components.
- the power consumption characteristics of multiple components connected in series by the cooling branches are used for cooling, which can better cool different components, meet the cooling needs of different components, and make full use of energy.
- the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system can be used for at least one of the following computer devices:
- the front evaporator 33 is used to cool the SW chip, and the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 are used to cool the GPU;
- the front evaporator 33 is used to cool the VR chip, and the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 are used to cool the CPU;
- the front evaporator 33 is used to cool the VR chip, and the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 are used to cool the hard disk;
- the front evaporator 33 is used to cool the optical module components, and the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 are used to cool the SW chip.
- This two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system can be used to cool different computer equipment, with the evaporator placement tailored to the specific characteristics of the equipment. This solution creates technically feasible conditions for the large-scale application of two-phase cold plate liquid cooling technology in data centers.
- the present application also provides a control method, which is used for the above-mentioned two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system.
- the control method includes: cooling different components respectively with the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 of the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system; and performing at least one of the following adjustment operations on the gas-liquid rectifier 40 located between the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 according to the heat transfer requirements of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32: replenishing liquid refrigerant, replenishing gaseous refrigerant, discharging part of the liquid refrigerant or discharging part of the gaseous refrigerant to adjust the dryness of the refrigerant output from the first evaporator 31.
- this solution solves the problem of the temperature of the components in the latter part of the series being lower than the temperature of the components in the former part of the series, improves the temperature uniformity of the multiple components cooled in series, and further solves the problems of pressure oscillation, circulation stagnation, and circulation backflow within the system.
- control method also includes: detecting the dryness E of the refrigerant output by the first evaporator 31, or detecting the dryness E of the refrigerant output by the gas-liquid rectifier 40; the heat transfer requirement of the component cooled by the second evaporator 32 is obtained based on its own power consumption, the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 32, and the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant; the expected dryness of the second evaporator 32 to meet the heat transfer requirement of the component it cools is X, and E is compared with X.
- E ⁇ X the dryness of the refrigerant is increased through adjustment operation
- E>X the dryness of the refrigerant is reduced through adjustment operation.
- this solution can detect the dryness of the refrigerant before entering the second evaporator 32, and adjust the refrigerant in the gas-liquid rectifier 40 based on the detection results, so that the control of the refrigerant dryness is more precise to meet the cooling requirements of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32, so that the temperature difference between the front and rear components on the series branch is reduced.
- the heat transfer requirement of the component cooled by the second evaporator 32 is derived based on its own power consumption, the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 32, and the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant.
- the heat transfer requirement of a component is the cooling capacity required for the component to maintain a normal operating temperature. This solution takes into account the component's own power consumption, the mass flow rate of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 32 of the liquid cooling system, and the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant. It also comprehensively considers the characteristics of the component itself and the characteristics of the liquid cooling system.
- the dryness of the refrigerant obtained by such adjustment that is, the heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant, can be more accurately matched with the component, ensuring that the component has a suitable operating temperature, avoiding the problem of excessive temperature difference between the downstream components and the upstream components of the series cooling, and ensuring the temperature uniformity of the system.
- the adjustment operation can be performed in the following three different ways:
- the gaseous refrigerant is added to the gas-liquid rectifier 40
- the liquid refrigerant is added to the gas-liquid rectifier 40 ;
- the above three methods can all adjust the dryness of the refrigerant in the gas-liquid rectifier 40 , and the specific method to be adopted can be selected according to needs.
- X A*Q ⁇ b*V ⁇ c*H ⁇ d;
- Q is the power consumption of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32, in W;
- V is the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, in M/S;
- H is the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, in KJ/KG;
- b, c, and d are indexes, and
- A is a correction coefficient;
- the range of B is 0.3 to 0.6
- the range of c is 0.1 to 0.36
- d is 0.01 to 0.1.
- This formula combines the characteristics of the component itself and the characteristics of the liquid cooling system, and is provided with a correction coefficient adjusted according to specific circumstances. Taking all factors into consideration, the calculated dryness is more in line with actual needs, so that the heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant entering the second evaporator 32 is more accurately matched with the heat transfer requirements of the component.
- the power consumption Q of the components cooled by the second evaporator 32 has a greater impact on the required dryness, so the range of its corresponding index b is larger, so Q accounts for a larger proportion in the formula, which is more in line with the actual situation;
- the latent heat of vaporization V of the refrigerant has a relatively small impact on the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system, so the range of its corresponding index d is larger, so V accounts for a larger proportion in the formula, which is more in line with the actual situation.
- the above formula can be used to obtain the dryness required by the second evaporator 32 when cooling components, thereby enabling more accurate judgment and adjustment of the ratio of liquid to gas in the refrigerant within the gas-liquid rectifier 40 to achieve the desired dryness.
- the gas-liquid rectifier 40 includes a rectifying box 41 and a gas-liquid separator 47 located therein, and the inlet of the rectifying box 41 is connected to the first evaporator 31.
- the control method also includes: when a part of the liquid refrigerant or a part of the gaseous refrigerant in the gas-liquid rectifier 40 is discharged, the refrigerant input from the inlet of the rectifying box 41 is separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 47; when the liquid refrigerant or gaseous refrigerant in the gas-liquid rectifier 40 is not discharged, the gas-liquid separator 47 does not perform gas-liquid separation.
- the refrigerant entering the rectifying box 41 can be first separated into gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 47.
- the liquid refrigerant can be concentrated at the bottom of the rectifying box 41, and the gaseous refrigerant can be concentrated at the upper part of the rectifying box 41, which is conducive to extracting a portion of the liquid refrigerant or the gaseous refrigerant, thereby improving operating efficiency.
- the gas-liquid separator 47 does not work, that is, no gas-liquid separation is performed.
- a front evaporator 33 is connected in series before the first evaporator 31 , and the control method further includes: cooling the low-power consumption components with the front evaporator 33 , and cooling different high-power consumption components with the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 respectively.
- the refrigerant with supercooling and weak heat exchange capacity output from the condenser 11 first passes through the front evaporator 33 to cool the low-power components, which not only meets the cooling needs of the low-power components, but also allows the refrigerant to become a saturated refrigerant after heat exchange, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity, and then enters the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32 to cool the high-power components.
- the power consumption characteristics of multiple components connected in series by the cooling branches are used for cooling, which can better cool different components, meet the cooling needs of different components, and make full use of energy.
- the evaporator corresponding to the subsequent GPU has a lower pressure and a lower boiling point due to pressure drop, so the temperature of the subsequent GPU will also be lower than that of the previous GPU.
- the dryness of the evaporator corresponding to the subsequent GPU is controlled at the expected dryness value to compensate for the low boiling point.
- the dryness meter 50 is first used to detect and determine the adjustment direction.
- a gas-liquid rectifier 40 is set before the second evaporator 32 to adjust the refrigerant dryness function.
- the technology provided in this application not only fundamentally solves the problem of lower component temperatures in the later stages of a series connection than in the earlier stages, but also addresses the resulting challenges of internal system pressure fluctuations, circulation stagnation, and backflow, significantly improving the temperature uniformity of the series heat source and the reliability of the series-parallel system. This creates technically feasible conditions for the large-scale application of two-phase cold plate liquid cooling technology in data centers, opening the door to commercial application.
- the two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system and control method provided by this solution can be applied to general-purpose, high-performance, and AI servers.
- these products use the liquid cooling technology of this solution, they will have at least the following beneficial effects:
- the lowest PUE can be as low as 1.1, which helps to achieve green energy saving
- the refrigerant uses insulating medium, which has higher reliability and safety than water cooling.
- spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “on the upper surface of”, “above”, etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as “above other devices or structures” or “above other devices or structures” will be positioned as “below other devices or structures” or “below other devices or structures”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” can include both “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
本申请提供了一种两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法,本申请对于通过两相冷板液冷系统串联冷却的部件,在第一蒸发器对前一个部件冷却后,根据第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求,调整从第一蒸发器输出的冷媒的干度,避免冷媒干度过低或过高,这样可使得进入第二蒸发器的冷媒具有合适的干度,即进入第二蒸发器的冷媒具有合适沸点及换热能力,从而可将对应的部件冷却到合适的温度,避免了前后部件温差大。通过该方案,解决了串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的问题,提高了串联冷却的多个部件的均温性,进而解决了系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流的问题,大幅改善串联热源的均温性和串并系统的可靠性。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2024年3月29日提交中国专利局,申请号为202410376231.6,申请名称为“两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及计算机设备冷却技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法。
为满足不断增长的算力需求,单机柜功率密度越来越高。未来五年内,60kW机柜将会成为主流,而当单机柜功率密度达到20kW时风冷系统就已接近其经济有效的制冷极限。
在此背景下,低PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness电力使用效率)、高解热密度的液冷数据中心散热技术应运而生。两相冷板式液冷利用工质的气化相变潜热快速带走热量,无疑具有很高的冷却效率,同时相变潜热远大于显热,循环工质流量更小,循环泵的功耗更低,必然有更低的PUE值。两相冷板液冷系统是用工质在循环流动过程中的沸腾吸热和凝结放热过程,进行热量收集、输送的系统。工质在循环泵的驱动下流入蒸发器,在进入蒸发器后工质吸收热量由单相液态变成气液两相状态,两相流体经过冷凝器释放热量后由气液两相变回为液态,再进入循环泵,形成吸热、输送和放热的整个循环。
但两相流态系统压力不稳定,同时泵入口要求过冷度3~5℃,过低容易发生气化,影响泵的寿命和可靠性,并且散热效率急剧下降,特别是串联多个发热部件时,冷媒流动的前程由于过冷度的原因,导致换热能力较弱,对流换热系数比相变沸腾换热系数低一至两个数量级,中程部分进入两相换热后,随着压力的降低,沸点也逐渐降低,导致串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分,同时由于后程部分压力较低,两相流比体积急剧增加,容易出现系统内部压力震荡,进而导致循环停滞,严重时诱发循环倒流等问题。
本申请提供了一种两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法,以解决相关技术中的两相冷板液冷串联冷却多个部件时,串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的问题,还可以解决由此引发的系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流的问题。
为了解决上述问题,根据本申请的第一方面,本申请提供了一种两相冷板液冷系统,包括冷凝器和冷却支路,冷却支路包括冷却管和沿冷媒流动方向串联在冷却管上的第一蒸发器、气液整流器和第二蒸发器,冷凝器的出口、冷却管、冷凝器的入口依次连接;第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器分别用于对不同的部件冷却;其中,气液整流器根据第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求,调整要进入第二蒸发器的冷媒的干度。
在一个实施方式中,第一蒸发器和第二蒸发器之间设置有干度计,干度计用于检测进入第二蒸发器之前的冷媒的干度,气液整流器根据干度计的检测结果调整要进入第二蒸发器的冷媒的干度。
在一个实施方式中,第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、第二蒸发器中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出,第二蒸发器满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,在干度计的检测结果低于预期干度的情况下,气液整流器通过调整增大其内的冷媒的干度,在干度计的检测结果高于预期干度的情况下,气液整流器通过调整降低其内的冷媒的干度。
在一个实施方式中,X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为第二蒸发器冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为第二蒸发器中冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;b的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。
在一个实施方式中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器,气液整流器包括整流箱,整流箱具有补液口和补气口,补液口通过管路和储液器连接,以向整流箱内补充液态冷媒,补气口通过管路和冷凝器连接,以向整流箱内补充气态冷媒。
在一个实施方式中,气液整流器还包括喷嘴,喷嘴位于整流箱内且和补液口连接,补液口通过补液管路和储液器连接,补液管路上设置有第一液泵,补气口通过补气管路和冷凝器连接,补气管路上设置有第一气泵。
在一个实施方式中,整流箱具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器的入口连接;气液整流器还包括设置在整流箱内的气液混合器,气液混合器用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
或者,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器,气液整流器包括整流箱,整流箱具有补液口和排液口,补液口通过管路和储液器连接,以向整流箱内补充液态冷媒,排液口通过管路和储液器连接,以排出整流箱内的一部分液态冷媒。
在一个实施方式中,气液整流器还包括喷嘴,喷嘴位于整流箱内且和补液口连接,补液口通过补液管路和储液器连接,补液管路上设置有第一液泵,排液口通过排液管路和储液器连接,排液管路上设置有第二液泵;或,补液口和排液口为同一个口,且通过双向管路和储液器连接,双向管路上设置有双向液泵,双向液泵可改变液态冷媒的流向,或双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向液泵,换向阀可改变液态冷媒的流向。
在一个实施方式中,整流箱具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器的入口连接;气液整流器还包括设置在整流箱内的气液分离器和气液混合器,气液分离器对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且气液分离器可选择地工作或不工作,气液混合器用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
或者,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器,气液整流器包括整流箱,整流箱具有排气口和补气口,排气口通过管路和冷凝器连接,以排出整流箱内的一部分气态冷媒,补气口通过管路和冷凝器连接,以向整流箱内补充气态冷媒。
在一个实施方式中,补气口通过补气管路和冷凝器连接,补气管路上设置有第一气泵,排气口通过排气管路和冷凝器连接,排气管路上设置有第二气泵;或,补气口和排气口为同一个口,且通过双向管路和冷凝器连接,双向管路上设置有双向气泵,双向气泵可改变气态冷媒的流向,或双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向气泵,换向阀可改变气态冷媒的流向。
在一个实施方式中,整流箱具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器的入口连接;气液整流器还包括设置在整流箱内的气液分离器和气液混合器,气液分离器对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且气液分离器可选择地工作或不工作,气液混合器用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
在一个实施方式中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器,气液整流器包括整流箱和气液分离器,整流箱与储液器和/或冷凝器连接,整流箱具有两相气液进口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器的出口连接,气液分离器对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,气液分离器可选择地工作或不工作。
在一个实施方式中,气液分离器可移动地设置,气液分离器移动到朝向两相气液进口的情况下,气液分离器工作,气液分离器移动到避让两相气液进口的情况下,气液分离器不工作。
在一个实施方式中,气液分离器为折板分离器,折板分离器可摆动地设置,折板分离器通过摆动切换位置,以朝向或避让两相气液进口。
在一个实施方式中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器,气液整流器包括整流箱和气液混合器,整流箱与储液器和/或冷凝器连接,整流箱具有两相气液出口,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器的出口连接,气液混合器用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
在一个实施方式中,气液混合器朝向两相气液出口,气液混合器包括多个并排设置的波浪形百叶,或气液混合器包括孔板,孔板上的多个孔为圆形或多边形。
在一个实施方式中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器、循环泵、预热器和多个调节阀,冷凝器的出口、循环泵、预热器、调节阀、冷却管的入口依次连接,气液整流器与储液器之间的管路上设置有调节阀,和/或气液整流器与冷凝器之间的管路上设置有调节阀。
在一个实施方式中,冷却支路为多个,多个冷却支路并联设置。
在一个实施方式中,冷却支路还包括前蒸发器,前蒸发器连接于冷却管,且前蒸发器位于冷凝器的出口和第一蒸发器之间,前蒸发器用于对低功耗的部件冷却,第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器分别用于对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
在一个实施方式中,两相冷板液冷系统用于以下计算机设备中的至少之一:
GPU服务器,前蒸发器用于冷却SW芯片,第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器用于冷却GPU;
通用服务器,前蒸发器用于冷却VR芯片,第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器用于冷却CPU;
存储服务器,前蒸发器用于冷却VR芯片,第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器用于冷却硬盘;
交换机,前蒸发器用于冷却光模块组件,第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器用于冷却SW芯片。
根据本申请的第二方面,提供了一种控制方法,控制方法用于上述的两相冷板液冷系统,控制方法包括:将两相冷板液冷系统的第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器分别对不同的部件冷却;根据第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求,对位于第一蒸发器和第二蒸发器之间的气液整流器进行以下至少之一的调整操作:补充液态冷媒、补充气态冷媒、排出一部分液态冷媒或排出一部分气态冷媒,以调整要进入第二蒸发器的冷媒的干度。
在一个实施方式中,控制方法还包括:检测第一蒸发器输出的冷媒的干度E,或检测气液整流器输出的冷媒的干度E;第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、第二蒸发器中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出;第二蒸发器满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,将E与X进行对比,在E<X的情况下,通过调整操作增大冷媒的干度,在E>X的情况下,通过调整操作降低冷媒的干度。
在一个实施方式中,调整操作为:在E<X的情况下,向气液整流器补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向气液整流器补充液态冷媒;或,在E<X的情况下,排出气液整流器中的一部分液态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向气液整流器补充液态冷媒;或,在E<X的情况下,向气液整流器补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,排出气液整流器中的一部分气态冷媒。
在一个实施方式中,X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为第二蒸发器冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;B的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。
在一个实施方式中,气液整流器包括整流箱和位于其内的气液分离器,整流箱的入口连接第一蒸发器,控制方法还包括:在排出气液整流器中的一部分液态冷媒或一部分气态冷媒的情况下,通过气液分离器对从整流箱的入口输入的冷媒进行气液分离;在不排出气液整流器中的液态冷媒或气态冷媒的情况下,气液分离器不进行气液分离。
在一个实施方式中,第一蒸发器之前串联有前蒸发器,控制方法还包括:将前蒸发器对低功耗的部件冷却,将第一蒸发器、第二蒸发器分别对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
在该方案中,对于通过两相冷板液冷系统串联冷却的部件,在第一蒸发器对前一个部件冷却后,根据第二蒸发器冷却的部件的传热需求,使气液整流器与储液器和/或冷凝器之间进行冷媒流动,可以调整从第一蒸发器输出的冷媒的干度,避免冷媒干度过低或过高,这样可使得进入第二蒸发器的冷媒满足其冷却的部件的传热需求,即进入第二蒸发器的冷媒具有合适沸点及换热能力,从而可将对应的部件冷却到合适的温度,避免了前后部件温差大。本方案利用干度和沸腾传热系数的变化关系(干度越大沸腾传热系数越小),控制进入第二蒸发器的冷媒的干度,从而控制第二蒸发器冷却的部件的温度。通过该方案,解决了串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的问题,提高了串联冷却的多个部件的均温性,进而解决了系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流的问题,大幅改善串联热源的均温性和串并系统的可靠性。这为两相冷板液冷技术在数据中心领域的规模化应用创造了技术可行条件,打开商业化应用的大门。
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请,并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中:
图1示出了本申请的实施例一提供的两相冷板液冷系统的示意图;
图2示出了图1中的气液整流器的示意图;
图3示出了本申请的实施例二提供的两相冷板液冷系统的示意图;
图4示出了图3中的气液整流器的示意图;
图5示出了本申请的实施例三提供的两相冷板液冷系统的示意图;
图6示出了图5中的气液整流器的示意图;
图7示出了本申请的实施例四提供的两相冷板液冷系统的示意图;
图8示出了本申请的实施例五提供的两相冷板液冷系统的示意图。
其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:
11、冷凝器;12、储液器;13、循环泵;14、预热器;15、调节阀;20、冷却管;31、
第一蒸发器;32、第二蒸发器;33、前蒸发器;40、气液整流器;41、整流箱;42、补液口;43、补气口;44、喷嘴;45、排液口;46、排气口;47、气液分离器;48、气液混合器;50、干度计;61、第一液泵;62、第二液泵;71、第一气泵;72、第二气泵。
11、冷凝器;12、储液器;13、循环泵;14、预热器;15、调节阀;20、冷却管;31、
第一蒸发器;32、第二蒸发器;33、前蒸发器;40、气液整流器;41、整流箱;42、补液口;43、补气口;44、喷嘴;45、排液口;46、排气口;47、气液分离器;48、气液混合器;50、干度计;61、第一液泵;62、第二液泵;71、第一气泵;72、第二气泵。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅是说明性的,决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1至图8所示,本申请提供了一种两相冷板液冷系统,包括冷凝器11和冷却支路,冷却支路包括冷却管20和沿冷媒流动方向串联在冷却管20上的第一蒸发器31、气液整流器40和第二蒸发器32,冷凝器11的出口、冷却管20、冷凝器11的入口依次连接;第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32分别用于对不同的部件冷却;其中,气液整流器40根据第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求,调整要进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的干度。
在该方案中,对于通过两相冷板液冷系统串联冷却的部件,在第一蒸发器31对前一个部件冷却后,气液整流器40根据第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求,可以调整要进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的干度,避免冷媒干度过低或过高,这样可使得进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒具有合适的干度,即进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒具有合适沸点及换热能力,从而可将对应的部件冷却到合适的温度,避免了前后部件温差大。因此,通过该方案,解决了串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的问题,提高了串联冷却的多个部件的均温性,进而解决了系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流的问题。
干度是指两相流体中气态流体质量与两相流体总质量的比值,其值范围在0~1之间。具体地,气液整流器40通过与气液整流器40之外的其他结构进行冷媒传输,改变气液整流器40内的气态冷媒和液态冷媒的比例,从而实现干度调整。气液整流器40与其他结构之间进行冷媒传输的方式可以是补充液态冷媒、补充气态冷媒、排出一部分液态冷媒或排出一部分气态冷媒。
本方案利用干度和沸腾传热系数的变化关系(干度越大沸腾传热系数越小),控制进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的干度,从而控制第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的温度,满足温度需求。
该两相冷板液冷系统可用于多种计算机设备,例如GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)服务器、通用服务器、存储服务器、交换机等,蒸发器冷却的部件可以是SW(Switch)芯片、GPU、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、VR(Virtual Reality)芯片、光模块组件等部件。
在该方案中,第一蒸发器31和第二蒸发器32之间设置有干度计50,干度计50用于检测进入第二蒸发器32之前的冷媒的干度,气液整流器40根据干度计50的检测结果调整要进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的干度。通过干度计50的检测,可以获取进入第二蒸发器32之前的冷媒干度,以根据检测情况进行调整,方便操作。
例如,气液整流器40和第一蒸发器31之间设置有干度计50,干度计50用于检测第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度,气液整流器40根据干度计50的检测结果调整从第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度。或,气液整流器40和第二蒸发器32之间设置有干度计50,干度计50用于检测气液整流器40输出的冷媒的干度,气液整流器40根据干度计50的检测结果调整从第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度。
即本方案可检测进入第二蒸发器32之前的冷媒的干度,并通过检测结果对气液整流器40内的冷媒进行调整,从而使得对冷媒干度的控制更精确,以满足对第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的冷却需求,使得串联支路上的前后部件的温差降低。
当然,也可在其他位置设置干度计50,通过干度计50监测不同位置的冷媒干度是否满足使用需求。
在本方案中,第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、第二蒸发器32中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出。部件的传热需求是部件保持正常的工作温度需要的冷却能力,本方案中考虑部件自身的功耗、液冷系统第二蒸发器32中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热,综合考虑了部件自身特性以及液冷系统的特性,这样调整得出的冷媒的干度,即冷媒的换热能力,能够更精准地与部件匹配,保证部件有合适的工作温度,避免了串联冷却的后程部件与前程部件温差过大的问题,保证了系统的均温性。
具体地,第二蒸发器32满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,在干度计50的检测结果低于预期干度的情况下,气液整流器40通过调整增大其内的冷媒的干度,在干度计50的检测结果高于预期干度的情况下,气液整流器40通过调整降低其内的冷媒的干度。这样可使得进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒干度达到预期干度,提高了串联冷却的多个部件的均温性。其中,预期干度为范围值。
进一步地,X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;b的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。
该公式中,结合了部件自身特性以及液冷系统的特性,并且设置有根据具体情况调整的修正系数,考虑因素全面,计算得出的干度更符合实际需求,从而使进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的换热能力更精准地与部件的传热需求匹配。
其中,第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的功耗Q对需求干度的影响较大,故其对应的指数b的范围较大,这样Q的在公式中的占比较大,更符合实际情况;冷媒的气化潜V热对液冷系统的冷却能力影响相对较小,故其对应的指数d的范围较大,这样V的在公式中的占比较大,更符合实际情况。
通过上述公式,可获得第二蒸发器32在冷却部件时需要的干度,从而能够更精确地进行判断和调整气液整流器40内的冷媒中的液体和气体的比例,以达到预期干度。
在一些实施例中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器12,储液器12存储有液态冷媒,储液器12可以与冷凝器11连通,通过冷凝器11供应液态冷媒。储液器12用于对气液整流器40供应液态冷媒或存储气液整流器40排出的部分液态冷媒,以调整冷媒干度。
在一些实施例中,冷凝器11可对气液整流器40供应气态冷媒或存储气液整流器40排出的部分气态冷媒,以调整冷媒干度。
在一些实施例中,气液整流器40还可以与其他外部结构连接,以进行气态冷媒或液态冷媒的输送,从而调整冷媒干度。
如图1和图2所示,在实施例一中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41,整流箱41具有补液口42和补气口43,补液口42通过管路和储液器12连接,以向整流箱41内补充液态冷媒,补气口43通过管路和冷凝器11连接,以向整流箱41内补充气态冷媒。这样,在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度高于预期的情况下,可通过储液器12向补液口42补入液态冷媒,从而降低两相冷媒的干度;在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度低于预期的情况下,可通过冷凝器11向补气口43补入气态冷媒,从而提高两相冷媒的干度。
在其他未图示出的实施例中,在需要的情况下,可以在第二蒸发器32后再串联新的蒸发器,并对新的部件进行冷却,在第二蒸发器32和其后的蒸发器之间设置气液整流器40,通过气液整流器40对进入后一个蒸发器之前的冷媒进行干度调节,以保证串联系统的冷却均温性。
具体地,气液整流器40还包括喷嘴44,喷嘴44位于整流箱41内且和补液口42连接,这样可使得进入整流箱41内的液态冷媒能够分布的比较均匀,有利于气液混合。补液口42通过补液管路和储液器12连接,补液管路上设置有第一液泵61,补气口43通过补气管路和冷凝器11连接,补气管路上设置有第一气泵71。通过第一液泵61提供液态冷媒流动的动力,通过第一气泵71提供气态冷媒流动的动力。其中,补液管路和补气管路上可设置调节阀15,通过调节阀15进行流量调节或控制管路开闭。
进一步地,如图2所示,整流箱41具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器31的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器32的入口连接;气液整流器40还包括设置在整流箱41内的气液混合器48,气液混合器48用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。通过气液混合器48可将进入第二蒸发器32之间的冷媒进行充分地气液混合,其目的是让出口的气液两相流态混合均匀后进入下一个部件均匀吸收热量,避免在后程的第二蒸发器32中出现气泡的快速膨胀造成不稳定流动和压力震荡。
如图3和图4所示,在实施例二中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41,整流箱41具有补液口42和排液口45,补液口42通过管路和储液器12连接,以向整流箱41内补充液态冷媒,排液口45通过管路和储液器12连接,以排出整流箱41内的一部分液态冷媒。这样,在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度高于预期的情况下,可通过储液器12向补液口42补入液态冷媒,从而降低两相冷媒的干度;在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度低于预期的情况下,可通过排液口45向冷凝器11排出一部分液态冷媒,从而提高两相冷媒的干度。
其中,排液口45位于整流箱41的底部,以便于液态冷媒顺利排出。如图4所示,整流箱41的底部还具有放液口,放液口用于检修时放出冷媒。
具体地,气液整流器40还包括喷嘴44,喷嘴44位于整流箱41内且和补液口42连接,补液口42通过补液管路和储液器12连接,补液管路上设置有第一液泵61,排液口45通过排液管路和储液器12连接,排液管路上设置有第二液泵62。这样可通过第一液泵61和第二液泵62提供液态冷媒流动的动力。其中,补液管路和排液管路上可设置调节阀15,通过调节阀15进行流量调节或控制管路开闭。
或,在另一个未图示出的实施例中,补液口42和排液口45为同一个口,且通过双向管路和储液器12连接,双向管路上设置有双向液泵,双向液泵可改变液态冷媒的流向,或双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向液泵,换向阀可改变液态冷媒的流向。这样通过无需使用两个液泵即可实现冷媒的双向流动,降低成本。
进一步地,如图4所示,整流箱41具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器31的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器32的入口连接;气液整流器40还包括设置在整流箱41内的气液分离器47和气液混合器48,气液分离器47对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且气液分离器47可选择地工作或不工作,气液混合器48用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
其中,通过气液混合器48可将进入第二蒸发器32之间的冷媒进行充分地气液混合,其目的是让出口的气液两相流态混合均匀后进入下一个部件均匀吸收热量,避免在后程的第二蒸发器32中出现气泡的快速膨胀造成不稳定流动和压力震荡。在需要提高干度,排出液态冷媒的情况下,可通过气液分离器47对进入整流箱41内的冷媒先进行气液分离,这样液态冷媒能够集中到整流箱41的底部,有利于抽走一部分液态冷媒。在不需要排出液态冷媒调整干度的情况下,气液分离器47不工作,即不进行气液分离。
如图5和图6所示,在实施例三中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41,整流箱41具有排气口46和补气口43,排气口46通过管路和冷凝器11连接,以排出整流箱41内的一部分气态冷媒,补气口43通过管路和冷凝器11连接,以向整流箱41内补充气态冷媒。这样,在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度高于预期的情况下,可通过排气口46向冷凝器11排出一部分气态冷媒,从而降低两相冷媒的干度;在第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒干度低于预期的情况下,可通过冷凝器11向补气口43补入气态冷媒,从而提高两相冷媒的干度。其中,排气口46位于整流箱41的顶部,以便于排出气态冷媒。
具体地,补气口43通过补气管路和冷凝器11连接,补气管路上设置有第一气泵71,排气口46通过排气管路和冷凝器11连接,排气管路上设置有第二气泵72;通过第一气泵71和第二气泵72对分别对不同方向的气态冷媒的流动提供动力。
或,在其他未图示出的实施例中,补气口43和排气口46为同一个口,且通过双向管路和冷凝器11连接,双向管路上设置有双向气泵,双向气泵可改变气态冷媒的流向,或双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向气泵,换向阀可改变气态冷媒的流向。这样可以减少气泵的数量,降低成本。
进一步地,如图6所示,整流箱41具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器31的出口连接,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器32的入口连接;气液整流器40还包括设置在整流箱41内的气液分离器47和气液混合器48,气液分离器47对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且气液分离器47可选择地工作或不工作,气液混合器48用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
其中,通过气液混合器48可将进入第二蒸发器32之间的冷媒进行充分地气液混合,其目的是让出口的气液两相流态混合均匀后进入下一个部件均匀吸收热量,避免在后程的第二蒸发器32中出现气泡的快速膨胀造成不稳定流动和压力震荡。在需要降低干度,排出气态冷媒的情况下,可通过气液分离器47对进入整流箱41内的冷媒先进行气液分离,这样气态冷媒能够集中到整流箱41的顶部,有利于抽走一部分气态冷媒。在不需要排出气态冷媒调整干度的情况下,气液分离器47不工作,即不进行气液分离。
在本方案的一些实施例中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41和气液分离器47,整流箱41与储液器12和/或冷凝器11连接,整流箱41具有两相气液进口,两相气液进口和第一蒸发器31的出口连接,气液分离器47对从两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,气液分离器47可选择地工作或不工作。这样在需要排出一部分液态冷媒或气态冷媒的情况下,可对进入整流箱41的两相冷媒进行气液分离,从而更容易地将液态冷媒或气态冷媒排出,提高调整干度的效率。
具体地,气液分离器47可移动地设置,气液分离器47移动到朝向两相气液进口的情况下,气液分离器47工作,气液分离器47移动到避让两相气液进口的情况下,气液分离器47不工作。这样通过移动气液分离器47可以切换气液分离器47工作或不工作,操作方便。
例如,如图4和图6所示,气液分离器47为折板分离器,折板分离器可摆动地设置,折板分离器通过摆动切换位置,以朝向或避让两相气液进口,此种方式能够以简单的结构实现功能要求。
在本方案中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41和气液混合器48,整流箱41与储液器12和/或冷凝器11连接,整流箱41具有两相气液出口,两相气液出口和第二蒸发器32的出口连接,气液混合器48用于对将进入两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
通过上述设置,气液混合器48可将进入第二蒸发器32之间的冷媒进行充分地气液混合,这样可让出口的气液两相流态混合均匀后进入下一个部件均匀吸收热量,避免在后程的第二蒸发器32中出现气泡的快速膨胀造成不稳定流动和压力震荡。
具体地,气液混合器48朝向两相气液出口,气液混合器48包括多个并排设置的波浪形百叶,或气液混合器48包括孔板,孔板上的多个孔为圆形或多边形。即气液混合器48可以采用不同的结构,以满足气液混合效果为准。
如图1、图3和图5所示,在本方案中,两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器12、循环泵13、预热器14和多个调节阀15,冷凝器11的出口、循环泵13、预热器14、调节阀15、冷却管20的入口依次连接,气液整流器40与储液器12之间的管路上设置有调节阀15,和/或气液整流器40与冷凝器11之间的管路上设置有调节阀15。
循环泵13对整个系统中的冷媒流动提供动力,冷媒从循环泵13经过预热器14,通过预热减少过冷度,然后进入调节阀15节流,再以合适的流量和过冷度进入到冷却支路的冷却管20内。
如图7和图8所示,在两相冷板液冷系统中,可以将冷却支路设置为多个,多个冷却支路并联设置。不同的冷却支路分别对不同的部件进行冷却,多个设备可以共用一套液冷系统,这样可以降低成本。例如,图7中两条冷却支路并行,图8中三条冷却支路并行。
其中,两相冷板液冷系统中的不同的冷却支路中的多个气液整流器40可共用液泵或气泵,通过与气液整流器40对应的分支管路和调节阀15分别控制气液整流器40与液泵或气泵的通断。
如图7所示,两相冷板液冷系统还包括数采模块和控制模块,数采模块与不同的部件电连接,例如与蒸发器、调节阀15、气液整流器40、干度计50电连接,通过数采模块采集信息,并且,数采模块、不同的部件与控制模块电连接,通过控制模块对气液整流器40等进行控制,提高了两相冷板液冷系统的自动化程度。
在本方案中,冷却支路还包括前蒸发器33,前蒸发器33连接于冷却管20,且前蒸发器33位于冷凝器11的出口和第一蒸发器31之间,前蒸发器33用于对低功耗的部件冷却,第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32分别用于对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
通过上述设置,从冷凝器11输出的具有过冷度的、换热能力弱的冷媒先通过前蒸发器33对低功耗的部件冷却,这样既满足了低功耗部件的冷却需求,又可使冷媒换热后变成了饱和状态冷媒,换热能力提高,然后再进入第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32对高功耗的部件进行冷却,这样利用冷却支路串联的多个部件的功耗特性进行冷却,能够更好地对不同的部件进行冷却,满足不同部件的冷却需求,充分利用能源。
在本方案中,两相冷板液冷系统可用于以下计算机设备中的至少之一:
GPU服务器,前蒸发器33用于冷却SW芯片,第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32用于冷却GPU;
通用服务器,前蒸发器33用于冷却VR芯片,第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32用于冷却CPU;
存储服务器,前蒸发器33用于冷却VR芯片,第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32用于冷却硬盘;
交换机,前蒸发器33用于冷却光模块组件,第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32用于冷却SW芯片。
即该两相冷板液冷系统可用于不同的计算机设备的冷却,根据计算机设备的特性进行蒸发器的布置。通过该方案,为两相冷板液冷技术在数据中心领域的规模化应用创造技术可行条件。
本申请还提供了一种控制方法,控制方法用于上述的两相冷板液冷系统,控制方法包括:将两相冷板液冷系统的第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32分别对不同的部件冷却;根据第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求,对位于第一蒸发器31和第二蒸发器32之间的气液整流器40进行以下至少之一的调整操作:补充液态冷媒、补充气态冷媒、排出一部分液态冷媒或排出一部分气态冷媒,以调整从第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度。
在该方案中,对于通过两相冷板液冷系统串联冷却的部件,在第一蒸发器31对前一个部件冷却后,根据第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求,使气液整流器40与其他结构之间进行冷媒流动,进行排出或补充液态冷媒或气态冷媒的操作,可以调整从第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度,避免冷媒干度过低或过高,这样可使得进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒具有合适的干度,即进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒具有合适沸点及换热能力,从而可将对应的部件冷却到合适的温度,避免了前后部件温差大。因此,通过该方案,解决了串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的问题,提高了串联冷却的多个部件的均温性,进而解决了系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流的问题。
进一步地,控制方法还包括:检测第一蒸发器31输出的冷媒的干度E,或检测气液整流器40输出的冷媒的干度E;第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、第二蒸发器32中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出;第二蒸发器32满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,将E与X进行对比,在E<X的情况下,通过调整操作增大冷媒的干度,在E>X的情况下,通过调整操作降低冷媒的干度。
这样本方案可检测进入第二蒸发器32之前的冷媒的干度,并通过检测结果对气液整流器40内的冷媒进行调整,从而使得对冷媒干度的控制更精确,以满足对第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的冷却需求,使得串联支路上的前后部件的温差降低。
在本方法中,第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、第二蒸发器32中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出。部件的传热需求是部件保持正常的工作温度需要的冷却能力,本方案中考虑部件自身的功耗、液冷系统第二蒸发器32中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热,综合考虑了部件自身特性以及液冷系统的特性,这样调整得出的冷媒的干度,即冷媒的换热能力,能够更精准地与部件匹配,保证部件有合适的工作温度,避免了串联冷却的后程部件与前程部件温差过大的问题,保证了系统的均温性。
其中,调整操作具体可采用以下三种不同的方式:
在E<X的情况下,向气液整流器40补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向气液整流器40补充液态冷媒;或,
在E<X的情况下,排出气液整流器40中的一部分液态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向气液整流器40补充液态冷媒;或,
在E<X的情况下,向气液整流器40补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,排出气液整流器40中的一部分气态冷媒。
上述三种方式都可以对气液整流器40内的冷媒进行干度调整,具体采用哪种方式可根据需要选择。
在本方法中,X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;B的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。
该公式中,结合了部件自身特性以及液冷系统的特性,并且设置有根据具体情况调整的修正系数,考虑因素全面,计算得出的干度更符合实际需求,从而使进入第二蒸发器32的冷媒的换热能力更精准地与部件的传热需求匹配。
其中,第二蒸发器32冷却的部件的功耗Q对需求干度的影响较大,故其对应的指数b的范围较大,这样Q的在公式中的占比较大,更符合实际情况;冷媒的气化潜V热对液冷系统的冷却能力影响相对较小,故其对应的指数d的范围较大,这样V的在公式中的占比较大,更符合实际情况。
通过上述公式,可获得第二蒸发器32在冷却部件时需要的干度,从而能够更精确地进行判断和调整气液整流器40内的冷媒中的液体和气体的比例,以达到预期干度。
在本方法中,气液整流器40包括整流箱41和位于其内的气液分离器47,整流箱41的入口连接第一蒸发器31,控制方法还包括:在排出气液整流器40中的一部分液态冷媒或一部分气态冷媒的情况下,通过气液分离器47对从整流箱41的入口输入的冷媒进行气液分离;在不排出气液整流器40中的液态冷媒或气态冷媒的情况下,气液分离器47不进行气液分离。
通过该方法,在需要提高干度,排出液态冷媒的情况下,或在需要降低干度,排出气态冷媒的情况下,可通过气液分离器47对进入整流箱41内的冷媒先进行气液分离,这样液态冷媒能够集中到整流箱41的底部,气态冷媒集中到整流箱41的上部,有利于抽走一部分液态冷媒或气态冷媒,提高了操作效率。在不需要排出液态冷媒或气态冷媒调整干度的情况下,气液分离器47不工作,即不进行气液分离。
进一步地,第一蒸发器31之前串联有前蒸发器33,控制方法还包括:将前蒸发器33对低功耗的部件冷却,将第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32分别对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
通过上述步骤,从冷凝器11输出的具有过冷度的、换热能力弱的冷媒先通过前蒸发器33对低功耗的部件冷却,这样既满足了低功耗部件的冷却需求,又可使冷媒换热后变成了饱和状态冷媒,换热能力提高,然后再进入第一蒸发器31、第二蒸发器32对高功耗的部件进行冷却,这样利用冷却支路串联的多个部件的功耗特性进行冷却,能够更好地对不同的部件进行冷却,满足不同部件的冷却需求,充分利用能源。
上述方案中,充分利用节点内部热源的特性解决过冷度问题,以GPU服务器为例,具有一定过冷度的冷媒先通过前蒸发器33进入低功耗低温度敏感性的SW芯片吸收热量变成饱和状态冷媒后再进入均温性要求较高的GPU吸收热量。流经每级GPU热源时设置干度计50,利用干度和沸腾传热系数的变化关系(干度越大沸腾传热系数越小),控制后程GPU的温度,即后程GPU对应的蒸发器由于压降的原因导致压力偏低导致沸点偏低,所以后程GPU的温度也会低于前程GPU,控制后程GPU对应的蒸发器的干度在预期干度值来补偿沸点偏低的影响。当前程和后程GPU温度出现偏差的时候,先通过干度计50检测判断调节方向,在第二蒸发器32之前设置气液整流器40,可以调整冷媒干度的功能。
通过本申请提供的技术不仅可以从根本上解决串联后程部分的部件温度低于串联前程部分温度的难题,还可以解决由此引发的系统内部压力震荡、循环停滞及循环倒流等系列难题,大幅改善串联热源的均温性和串并系统的可靠性。这为两相冷板液冷技术在数据中心领域的规模化应用创造了技术可行条件,打开商业化应用的大门。
本方案提供的两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法可应用于通用、高性能、AI服务器等产品,上述产品采用本方案液冷技术时至少有以下多个有益效果:
1、PUE最低可至1.1,有助于实现绿色节能;
2、利用相变冷板和浸没液冷提升换热效率,可突破高功耗高热流密度芯片、高密度服务器和高功率密度机柜的散热瓶颈,满足产品多年的散热需求;
3、液冷全覆盖,温度均匀性好;
4、冷媒采用绝缘介质,相对水冷具备更高的可靠性和安全性。
5、相对于浸没液冷,本方案的技术可以大幅节省系统浸没液体成本,同时还提高了系统的可靠性。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。同时,应当明白,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,在未作相反说明的情况下,这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制;方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述,在这里可以使用空间相对术语,如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等,用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是,空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如,如果附图中的器件被倒置,则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而,示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位),并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
此外,需要说明的是,使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件,仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别,如没有另行声明,上述词语并没有特殊含义,因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
Claims (28)
- 一种两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,包括冷凝器(11)和冷却支路,所述冷却支路包括冷却管(20)和沿冷媒流动方向串联在所述冷却管(20)上的第一蒸发器(31)、气液整流器(40)和第二蒸发器(32),所述冷凝器(11)的出口、所述冷却管(20)、所述冷凝器(11)的入口依次连接;所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)分别被配置为对不同的部件冷却;其中,所述气液整流器(40)根据所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的传热需求,调整要进入所述第二蒸发器(32)的冷媒的干度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述第一蒸发器(31)和所述第二蒸发器(32)之间设置有干度计(50),所述干度计(50)被配置为检测进入所述第二蒸发器(32)之前的冷媒的干度,所述气液整流器(40)根据所述干度计(50)的检测结果调整要进入所述第二蒸发器(32)的冷媒的干度。
- 根据权利要求2所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、所述第二蒸发器(32)中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出,所述第二蒸发器(32)满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,在所述干度计(50)的检测结果低于所述预期干度的情况下,所述气液整流器(40)通过调整增大其内的冷媒的干度,在所述干度计(50)的检测结果高于所述预期干度的情况下,所述气液整流器(40)通过调整降低其内的冷媒的干度。
- 根据权利要求3所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为所述第二蒸发器(32)中冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;b的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12),所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41),所述整流箱(41)具有补液口(42)和补气口(43),所述补液口(42)通过管路和所述储液器(12)连接,以向所述整流箱(41)内补充液态冷媒,所述补气口(43)通过管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,以向所述整流箱(41)内补充气态冷媒。
- 根据权利要求5所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述气液整流器(40)还包括喷嘴(44),所述喷嘴(44)位于所述整流箱(41)内且和所述补液口(42)连接,所述补液口(42)通过补液管路和所述储液器(12)连接,所述补液管路上设置有第一液泵(61),所述补气口(43)通过补气管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述补气管路上设置有第一气泵(71)。
- 根据权利要求5所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述整流箱(41)具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,所述两相气液进口和所述第一蒸发器(31)的出口连接,所述两相气液出口和所述第二蒸发器(32)的入口连接;所述气液整流器(40)还包括设置在所述整流箱(41)内的气液混合器(48),所述气液混合器(48)被配置为对将进入所述两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12),所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41),所述整流箱(41)具有补液口(42)和排液口(45),所述补液口(42)通过管路和所述储液器(12)连接,以向所述整流箱(41)内补充液态冷媒,所述排液口(45)通过管路和所述储液器(12)连接,以排出所述整流箱(41)内的一部分液态冷媒。
- 根据权利要求8所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述气液整流器(40)还包括喷嘴(44),所述喷嘴(44)位于所述整流箱(41)内且和所述补液口(42)连接,所述补液口(42)通过补液管路和所述储液器(12)连接,所述补液管路上设置有第一液泵(61),所述排液口(45)通过排液管路和所述储液器(12)连接,所述排液管路上设置有第二液泵(62);或,所述补液口(42)和所述排液口(45)为同一个口,且通过双向管路和所述储液器(12)连接,所述双向管路上设置有双向液泵,所述双向液泵可改变液态冷媒的流向,或所述双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向液泵,所述换向阀可改变液态冷媒的流向。
- 根据权利要求8所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述整流箱(41)具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,所述两相气液进口和所述第一蒸发器(31)的出口连接,所述两相气液出口和所述第二蒸发器(32)的入口连接;所述气液整流器(40)还包括设置在所述整流箱(41)内的气液分离器(47)和气液混合器(48),所述气液分离器(47)对从所述两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且所述气液分离器(47)可选择地工作或不工作,所述气液混合器(48)被配置为对将进入所述两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12),所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41),所述整流箱(41)具有排气口(46)和补气口(43),所述排气口(46)通过管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,以排出所述整流箱(41)内的一部分气态冷媒,所述补气口(43)通过管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,以向所述整流箱(41)内补充气态冷媒。
- 根据权利要求11所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述补气口(43)通过补气管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述补气管路上设置有第一气泵(71),所述排气口(46)通过排气管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述排气管路上设置有第二气泵(72);或,所述补气口(43)和所述排气口(46)为同一个口,且通过双向管路和所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述双向管路上设置有双向气泵,所述双向气泵可改变气态冷媒的流向,或所述双向管路上设置有换向阀和单向气泵,所述换向阀可改变气态冷媒的流向。
- 根据权利要求11所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述整流箱(41)具有两相气液进口和两相气液出口,所述两相气液进口和所述第一蒸发器(31)的出口连接,所述两相气液出口和所述第二蒸发器(32)的入口连接;所述气液整流器(40)还包括设置在所述整流箱(41)内的气液分离器(47)和气液混合器(48),所述气液分离器(47)对从所述两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,且所述气液分离器(47)可选择地工作或不工作,所述气液混合器(48)被配置为对将进入所述两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12),所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41)和气液分离器(47),所述整流箱(41)与所述储液器(12)和/或所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述整流箱(41)具有两相气液进口,所述两相气液进口和所述第一蒸发器(31)的出口连接,所述气液分离器(47)对从所述两相气液进口输入的冷媒进行气液分离,所述气液分离器(47)可选择地工作或不工作。
- 根据权利要求14所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述气液分离器(47)可移动地设置,所述气液分离器(47)移动到朝向所述两相气液进口的情况下,所述气液分离器(47)工作,所述气液分离器(47)移动到避让所述两相气液进口的情况下,所述气液分离器(47)不工作。
- 根据权利要求15所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述气液分离器(47)为折板分离器,所述折板分离器可摆动地设置,所述折板分离器通过摆动切换位置,以朝向或避让所述两相气液进口。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12),所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41)和气液混合器(48),所述整流箱(41)与所述储液器(12)和/或所述冷凝器(11)连接,所述整流箱(41)具有两相气液出口,所述两相气液出口和所述第二蒸发器(32)的出口连接,所述气液混合器(48)被配置为对将进入所述两相气液出口的冷媒进行气液混合。
- 根据权利要求17所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述气液混合器(48)朝向所述两相气液出口,所述气液混合器(48)包括多个并排设置的波浪形百叶,或所述气液混合器(48)包括孔板,所述孔板上的多个孔为圆形或多边形。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统还包括储液器(12)、循环泵(13)、预热器(14)和多个调节阀(15),所述冷凝器(11)的出口、所述循环泵(13)、所述预热器(14)、所述调节阀(15)、所述冷却管(20)的入口依次连接,所述气液整流器(40)与所述储液器(12)之间的管路上设置有所述调节阀(15),和/或所述气液整流器(40)与所述冷凝器(11)之间的管路上设置有所述调节阀(15)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述冷却支路为多个,多个所述冷却支路并联设置。
- 根据权利要求1至20任一项所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述冷却支路还包括前蒸发器(33),所述前蒸发器(33)连接于所述冷却管(20),且所述前蒸发器(33)位于所述冷凝器(11)的出口和所述第一蒸发器(31)之间,所述前蒸发器(33)被配置为对低功耗的部件冷却,所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)分别被配置为对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
- 根据权利要求21所述的两相冷板液冷系统,其特征在于,所述两相冷板液冷系统被配置为以下计算机设备中的至少之一:GPU服务器,所述前蒸发器(33)被配置为冷却SW芯片,所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)被配置为冷却GPU;通用服务器,所述前蒸发器(33)被配置为冷却VR芯片,所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)被配置为冷却CPU;存储服务器,所述前蒸发器(33)被配置为冷却VR芯片,所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)被配置为冷却硬盘;交换机,所述前蒸发器(33)被配置为冷却光模块组件,所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)被配置为冷却SW芯片。
- 一种控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法用于权利要求1至22任一项所述的两相冷板液冷系统,所述控制方法包括:将所述两相冷板液冷系统的第一蒸发器(31)、第二蒸发器(32)分别对不同的部件冷却;根据所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的传热需求,对位于所述第一蒸发器(31)和所述第二蒸发器(32)之间的气液整流器(40)进行以下至少之一的调整操作:补充液态冷媒、补充气态冷媒、排出一部分液态冷媒或排出一部分气态冷媒,以调整要进入所述第二蒸发器(32)的冷媒的干度。
- 根据权利要求23所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:检测所述第一蒸发器(31)输出的冷媒的干度E,或检测所述气液整流器(40)输出的冷媒的干度E;所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的传热需求根据自身的功耗、所述第二蒸发器(32)中冷媒的质量流速、冷媒的气化潜热得出;所述第二蒸发器(32)满足其冷却的部件传热需求的预期干度为X,将E与X进行对比,在E<X的情况下,通过所述调整操作增大冷媒的干度,在E>X的情况下,通过所述调整操作降低冷媒的干度。
- 根据权利要求24所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述调整操作为:在E<X的情况下,向所述气液整流器(40)补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向所述气液整流器(40)补充液态冷媒;或,在E<X的情况下,排出所述气液整流器(40)中的一部分液态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,向所述气液整流器(40)补充液态冷媒;或,在E<X的情况下,向所述气液整流器(40)补充气态冷媒,且在E>X的情况下,排出所述气液整流器(40)中的一部分气态冷媒。
- 根据权利要求24所述的控制方法,其特征在于,
X=A*Q^b*V^c*H^d;其中,Q为所述第二蒸发器(32)冷却的部件的功耗,单位为W;V为冷媒的质量流速,单位为M/S;H为冷媒的气化潜热,单位为KJ/KG;b、c、d为指数,A为修正系数;B的范围为0.3~0.6,c的范围为0.1~0.36,d的范围为0.01~0.1。 - 根据权利要求23所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述气液整流器(40)包括整流箱(41)和位于其内的气液分离器(47),所述整流箱(41)的入口连接所述第一蒸发器(31),所述控制方法还包括:在排出所述气液整流器(40)中的一部分液态冷媒或一部分气态冷媒的情况下,通过所述气液分离器(47)对从所述整流箱(41)的入口输入的冷媒进行气液分离;在不排出所述气液整流器(40)中的液态冷媒或气态冷媒的情况下,所述气液分离器(47)不进行气液分离。
- 根据权利要求23所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一蒸发器(31)之前串联有前蒸发器(33),所述控制方法还包括:将所述前蒸发器(33)对低功耗的部件冷却,将所述第一蒸发器(31)、所述第二蒸发器(32)分别对不同的高功耗部件冷却。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410376231.6A CN117979662B (zh) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 |
| CN202410376231.6 | 2024-03-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025200540A1 true WO2025200540A1 (zh) | 2025-10-02 |
Family
ID=90863571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2024/136170 Pending WO2025200540A1 (zh) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-12-02 | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117979662B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2025200540A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN121215631A (zh) * | 2025-11-28 | 2025-12-26 | 无锡冠亚恒温制冷技术有限公司 | 一种芯片用无油两相流散热系统及其控制方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117979662B (zh) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-06-07 | 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 |
| CN118507926B (zh) * | 2024-05-10 | 2025-11-11 | 广东海悟科技有限公司 | 一种相变冷板冷却系统的控制方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109612168A (zh) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-12 | 广东工业大学 | 一种射流式有机朗肯循环系统 |
| US20210123642A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-29 | M.D. Mechanical Devices Ltd. | Cooling system with controlled biphase mixing of refrigerant |
| CN219478386U (zh) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-08-04 | 霍尼韦尔高新材料(中国)有限公司 | 两相冷却系统和产生热量的装置 |
| CN117979662A (zh) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101614139A (zh) * | 2009-07-31 | 2009-12-30 | 王世英 | 多循环发电热力系统 |
| JP6205867B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-05 | 2017-10-04 | 日産自動車株式会社 | エンジンの廃熱利用装置 |
| CN106969337B (zh) * | 2017-04-14 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种热泵蒸汽机组 |
| CN113468463B (zh) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-02-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种两相冷板的参数计算方法 |
| CN116697645A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-09-05 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | 制冷系统和制冷设备 |
| CN117168023A (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | 一种组分可控的钎焊板式分液冷凝器 |
-
2024
- 2024-03-29 CN CN202410376231.6A patent/CN117979662B/zh active Active
- 2024-12-02 WO PCT/CN2024/136170 patent/WO2025200540A1/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109612168A (zh) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-12 | 广东工业大学 | 一种射流式有机朗肯循环系统 |
| US20210123642A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-29 | M.D. Mechanical Devices Ltd. | Cooling system with controlled biphase mixing of refrigerant |
| CN219478386U (zh) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-08-04 | 霍尼韦尔高新材料(中国)有限公司 | 两相冷却系统和产生热量的装置 |
| CN117979662A (zh) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN121215631A (zh) * | 2025-11-28 | 2025-12-26 | 无锡冠亚恒温制冷技术有限公司 | 一种芯片用无油两相流散热系统及其控制方法 |
| CN121215631B (zh) * | 2025-11-28 | 2026-04-14 | 无锡冠亚恒温制冷技术有限公司 | 一种芯片用无油两相流散热系统及其控制方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117979662B (zh) | 2024-06-07 |
| CN117979662A (zh) | 2024-05-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2025200540A1 (zh) | 两相冷板液冷系统及控制方法 | |
| US11528829B2 (en) | Overall efficient heat dissipation system for high power density cabinet | |
| CN212411145U (zh) | 一种液冷服务器散热系统 | |
| WO2023124976A1 (zh) | 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心 | |
| US12363865B2 (en) | Regenerative preheater for phase change cooling applications | |
| CN118434085B (zh) | 一种数据中心机柜级服务器蒸发冷却系统及流量调控方法 | |
| CN213636151U (zh) | 冷水机组与储能系统 | |
| CN110351986B (zh) | 具有复合冷源的分区内冷型机柜散热系统 | |
| WO2014107968A1 (zh) | 一种空调系统 | |
| WO2019015407A1 (zh) | 一种能够同时实现对cpu芯片和服务器进行散热的系统 | |
| CN112509999B (zh) | 一种智能调控的相变冷却器及其冷却方法 | |
| CN211429864U (zh) | 一种单机柜数据中心液冷结构 | |
| CN105423413A (zh) | 一种机房的制冷系统 | |
| CN213636112U (zh) | 冷水机组与储能系统 | |
| CN102984924A (zh) | 一种数据中心散热方案 | |
| CN117055708A (zh) | 服务器及用于服务器的液冷系统 | |
| CN109140878A (zh) | 一种冷却系统 | |
| TW201947350A (zh) | 用於機櫃伺服器的液冷系統 | |
| WO2024187833A1 (zh) | 换热器、冷凝器以及制冷设备 | |
| CN218888917U (zh) | 一种数据中心冷却系统 | |
| CN120129218A (zh) | 一种单相液冷服务器热管散热背板 | |
| CN202814177U (zh) | 一种动力热管系统 | |
| CN119183279A (zh) | 两相冷却系统、冷却控制方法、装置及存储介质 | |
| CN219893686U (zh) | 一种数据中心相变散热系统 | |
| CN110505794B (zh) | 一种多机柜两相散热系统 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 24932984 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |