WO2025200367A1 - 单体电池及电池包 - Google Patents
单体电池及电池包Info
- Publication number
- WO2025200367A1 WO2025200367A1 PCT/CN2024/122730 CN2024122730W WO2025200367A1 WO 2025200367 A1 WO2025200367 A1 WO 2025200367A1 CN 2024122730 W CN2024122730 W CN 2024122730W WO 2025200367 A1 WO2025200367 A1 WO 2025200367A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode assembly
- injection hole
- explosion
- protrusion
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to, but are not limited to, single cells and battery packs.
- the injection hole is located inside the explosion-proof valve. This can easily cause the explosion-proof valve to deform during the injection process, resulting in unstable valve opening pressure. This deformation can also cause the welding position of the injection hole sealing piece to shift in the Z direction, resulting in poor welding.
- the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion further satisfies: 13 ⁇ D 1 ⁇ 36.
- the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole further satisfies: 2 ⁇ D 2 ⁇ 15.
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove further satisfies: 7 ⁇ D 3 ⁇ 30.
- the end cap further has: a second protrusion, which is protruded on a side of the main body close to the first current collecting disk, and the second protrusion surrounds the outer circumference of the first protrusion, and the second protrusion is fixedly connected to the first current collecting disk.
- the main body has a first surface facing the electrode assembly, and the distance from the end surface of the first protrusion facing the electrode assembly to the first surface is H 1 mm, and the distance from the end surface of the second protrusion facing the electrode assembly to the first surface is H 2 mm, satisfying: H 1 ⁇ H 2 .
- the surface of the main body facing away from the electrode assembly is recessed toward one side of the electrode assembly to form the groove, and is protruded toward the electrode assembly toward one side of the electrode assembly to form the first protrusion.
- a surface of the main body portion facing away from the electrode assembly is recessed toward one side of the electrode assembly and protrudes toward the electrode assembly toward one side of the electrode assembly to form the second protrusion.
- the single battery further has a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction
- first protrusions There are a plurality of first protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions are arranged around the liquid injection hole along a circumferential direction;
- the orthographic projection of the first convex portion on the reference plane is at least one of a polygon and a circle.
- the present application provides a battery pack, comprising a box body; and the battery cells as described above, wherein the battery cells are housed in the box body.
- the width dimension of the groove is reasonably designed according to the size of the explosion-proof part and the liquid injection hole.
- FIG1 is a three-dimensional structural view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG2 is an exploded structural view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG5 is a three-dimensional structural view of an end cap provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of an end cap provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG7 is a three-dimensional structural view of an end cap provided according to another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG8 is a three-dimensional structural view of an end cap provided according to another embodiment of the present application.
- 100 Single cell; 110. Housing; 120. Electrode assembly; 130, first collector plate; 140, end cap; 141, main body; 1411, liquid injection hole; 1412, first surface; 142, explosion-proof portion; 143, first convex portion; 1431, groove; 144, second convex portion; 150, first sealing member; 160, the second set of stream discs; 170, pole; 180, riveting unit; 181, first riveting member; 182, second riveting member; 183, second sealing member; 184. Insulating gasket.
- the single cell 100 includes a housing 110 , an electrode assembly 120 , a first current collecting plate 130 , and an end cap 140 .
- the electrode assembly 120 is housed within the housing 110.
- a first current collecting disc 130 is disposed at one end of the electrode assembly 120 in the first direction Z and is connected to the electrode assembly 120.
- An end cap 140 is disposed at one end of the housing 110 in the first direction Z and is connected to the housing 110.
- the first current collecting disc 130 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 120 to collect current.
- the first current collecting disc 130 and the end cap 140 are electrically connected, causing the end cap 140 to be charged and enabling current transfer.
- the above-mentioned single cell 100 may be a lithium-ion battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
- the above-mentioned single battery 100 can also be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes.
- the above-mentioned single cell 100 may also include electrolyte, electrode and other functional components.
- the electrode assembly is the component where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the single cell 100, and there may be one or more electrode assemblies.
- the electrode assembly is mainly formed by stacking or winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet.
- the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active material constitutes the main body of the electrode assembly, and the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet do not have During the charge and discharge process of the single cell 100 , the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs are connected to the poles to form a current loop.
- the first current collecting disk 130 can be a positive electrode current collecting disk, electrically connected to the positive electrode tab in the electrode assembly 120.
- the first current collecting disk 130 can also be a negative electrode current collecting disk, electrically connected to the negative electrode tab in the electrode assembly 120.
- the first current collecting disk 130 is a negative electrode current collecting disk, and the first current collecting disk 130 is made of a conductive metal material.
- the end cap 140 includes: a main body 141; a circular liquid injection hole 1411 is opened on the main body 141, and an explosion-proof part 142 and a groove 1431 are provided; the explosion-proof part 142 is arranged on the main body 141, and the explosion-proof part 142 surrounds the outer periphery of the liquid injection hole 1411, and the explosion-proof part 142 is arranged in an arc shape with a diameter of D 1 mm; the groove 1431 is arranged on the main body 141, and the groove 1431 has a notch facing the outside away from the electrode assembly 120, and the groove 1431 is arranged between the liquid injection hole 1411 and the explosion-proof part 142.
- the explosion-proof portion 142 may be a closed annular structure or a non-closed annular structure.
- the specific shape may also be a "C” or “O” shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the explosion-proof portion 142 is an irregular arc structure, such as a "C” or "O” shape, its diameter may be the maximum dimension of the corresponding explosion-proof portion 142 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411.
- the electrolyte is injected into the housing 110 through the injection hole 1411 to wet the electrode assembly 120.
- the first sealing member 150 can be used to seal the injection hole 1411 to ensure the overall sealing effect of the single cell 100 and ensure the normal use of the single cell 100.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the liquid injection hole 1411 can be determined by disassembling the actual single cell 100.
- the groove 1431 has a top edge close to the liquid injection hole 1411 and a top edge away from the liquid injection hole 1411 at the notch. Multiple detection points are taken on the top edge of the groove 1431 close to the liquid injection hole 1411.
- a straight line is formed connecting the center of the liquid injection hole 1411 and the detection point.
- the distance between the straight line and the connection point on the top edge of the groove 1431 away from the liquid injection hole 1411 and the detection point is defined as the width dimension L. For example, 5, 10, 15, or other values of detection points can be selected.
- the number of detection points is determined by the circumferential size of the groove 1431 along the liquid injection hole 1411. The larger the circumferential size of the liquid injection hole 1411, the more detection points are selected, and vice versa. In the present application, multiple test points are selected at 60° intervals on the top edge of the liquid injection hole 1411, and the dimensions of the groove 1431 on the end cap 140 are measured using a measuring tool, and the average value is calculated.
- the measuring tool can be any one of a ruler, a vernier caliper, or other dimensional measuring instrument, but is not limited thereto.
- the diameter D1 of the explosion-proof portion 142 and the diameter D2 of the liquid injection hole 1411 can be determined by disassembling the actual single cell 100, measuring the diameters of the explosion-proof portion 142 and the liquid injection hole 1411 on the end cap 140 multiple times using a measuring tool, and calculating the average value.
- the multiple measurements can be obtained by testing at different locations.
- the measuring tool can be, but is not limited to, a ruler, a vernier caliper, or other dimensional measuring instrument.
- the explosion-proof portion 142 is a scored structure with an opening facing away from the electrode assembly 120. At the opening, the explosion-proof portion 142 has a top edge proximal to the liquid injection hole 1411 and a top edge distal to the liquid injection hole 1411.
- the diameter D1 is the top edge proximal to the liquid injection hole 1411.
- multiple measurement points are selected on the top edge proximal to the liquid injection hole 1411 at 60° intervals.
- the liquid injection method of the single battery 100 is that the liquid injection mechanism presses the liquid injection hole 1411 to perform vacuum liquid injection, which can easily cause the explosion-proof part 142 to deform, thereby causing the valve opening pressure of the explosion-proof part 142 to be unstable, affecting the safety performance of the battery.
- the groove 1431 is used to effectively prevent the end cover 140 from deforming, thereby preventing the explosion-proof portion 142 from deforming, effectively protecting the explosion-proof portion 142, ensuring the safety performance of the explosion-proof portion 142, improving the valve opening stability of the single battery 100, and ultimately improving the safety performance of the single battery 100.
- the liquid injection hole 1411 is prevented from deforming, ensuring that the liquid injection hole 1411 can be perfectly sealed by the first sealing member 150.
- the end cover 140 of the present application has a simple structure and is easy to process and form, and can prevent the explosion-proof part from deforming during liquid injection without the need for additional components, thereby reducing production costs.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 also satisfies the following: 1 ⁇ L.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 11.9 mm, or 12 mm, or a range consisting of any two of these.
- the value of L can be other.
- the above specific values of the width dimension L mm are provided for illustrative purposes only; any value within the range of 1 ⁇ L is within the scope of protection of this application.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 is controlled within the range of 1 ⁇ L to ensure that the groove 1431 has a reasonable size.
- the groove 1431 can effectively prevent the end cover 140 from deforming, thereby preventing the explosion-proof part 142 from deforming, effectively protecting the explosion-proof part 142, ensuring the safety performance of the explosion-proof part 142, improving the valve opening stability of the single cell 100, and ultimately improving the safety performance of the single cell 100.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 further satisfies the following: 1 ⁇ L ⁇ 11.9. That is, the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 can be controlled within the range of 1 to 11.9 mm.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, or 11.9 mm, or a range consisting of any two of them.
- the width dimension L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction of the injection hole 1411 is controlled within the range of 1 to 11.9 mm to ensure that the groove 1431 has a reasonable size.
- the groove 1431 can effectively prevent the end cover 140 from deforming, thereby preventing the explosion-proof part 142 from deforming, effectively protecting the explosion-proof part 142, ensuring the safety performance of the explosion-proof part 142, improving the valve opening stability of the single cell 100, and ultimately improving the safety performance of the single cell 100.
- the coefficient k also satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.7. That is, the coefficient k can be controlled within the range of 0.1 to 0.7.
- the coefficient k can be a range consisting of one of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 or 0.7 or any two of them, such as 0.2 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.4.
- the above specific values of the coefficient k are given for example only, and any value within the range of 0.1 to 0.7 is within the protection scope of this application.
- This application controls the coefficient k within the range of 0.1 to 0.7, so as to select different coefficients k for the groove 1431 along the injection hole according to different single cells 100.
- the width dimension L mm in the radial direction of 1411 is reasonably designed to effectively prevent the explosion-proof part 142 from deforming, effectively protect the explosion-proof part 142, ensure the safety performance of the explosion-proof part 142, improve the valve opening stability of the single cell 100, and ultimately improve the safety performance of the single cell 100.
- the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 further satisfies the following condition: 13 ⁇ D 1 ⁇ 36; that is, the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 can be controlled within the range of 13 to 36 mm.
- the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 can be one of 13 mm, 15 mm, 17 mm, 20 mm, 23 mm, 25 mm, 27 mm, 30 mm, 33 mm, or 36 mm, or a range consisting of any two of these.
- the above specific values for the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 are provided for example only; any value within the range of 13 to 36 mm is within the scope of protection of this application.
- the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole 1411 also satisfies the following condition: 2 ⁇ D 2 ⁇ 15. That is, the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole 1411 can be controlled within the range of 2 to 15 mm.
- the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole 1411 can be one of 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, or 15 mm, or a range consisting of any two of them.
- the above specific values of the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole 1411 are given for example only; any value within the range of 2 to 15 mm is within the scope of protection of this application.
- This application ensures that the injection hole 1411 is of sufficient size by controlling the diameter D 2 mm of the injection hole 1411 within the range of 2 to 15 mm, thereby ensuring that the injection equipment can efficiently inject electrolyte through the injection hole 1411, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the single cell 100.
- the inner diameter of the groove 1431 is reasonably designed according to the size of the liquid injection hole 1411.
- the groove 1431 effectively prevents deformation of the end cap 140 and further prevents deformation of the explosion-proof portion 142. This effectively protects the explosion-proof portion 142, ensures the valve opening stability of the explosion-proof portion 142, and ultimately improves the safety performance of the single battery cell 100.
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 can be obtained by disassembling the actual single battery 100, measuring the diameters of the groove 1431 at different locations on the end cap 140 multiple times using a measuring tool, and calculating the average value.
- the measuring tool can be any one of, but is not limited to, a ruler, a vernier caliper, or other dimensional measuring instruments.
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the aforementioned groove 1431 also satisfies the following condition: 7 ⁇ D 3 ⁇ 30. That is, the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 can be controlled within the range of 7 to 30 mm.
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 can be one of 7 mm, 10 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm, 17 mm, 20 mm, 23 mm, 25 mm, 27 mm, or 30 mm, or a range consisting of any two of these.
- the above-mentioned specific values of the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 are provided for example only; any value within the range of 7 to 30 mm is within the scope of protection of this application.
- the above-mentioned single battery 100 further has a reference plane P perpendicular to the first direction Z; a plurality of first protrusions 143 are provided, and the plurality of first protrusions 143 are arranged along a circumferential direction around the injection hole 1411 to ensure the support stability of the first protrusions 143, thereby effectively preventing deformation of the explosion-proof portion 142, ensuring the valve opening stability of the explosion-proof portion 142, and ultimately improving the safety performance of the single battery 100.
- the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 143 on the reference plane P is at least one of a polygon or a circle.
- the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 143 on the reference plane P is polygonal
- the orthographic projection of the first protrusion 143 on the reference plane P is circular, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the shape of the first protrusion 143 can be selected based on actual circumstances and is not specifically limited in this application, as long as it does not affect the effectiveness of this application.
- the end cover 140 further has a second protrusion 144, which is protruding from a side of the main body 141 close to the first current collecting disc 130, and the second protrusion 144 surrounds the outer periphery of the first protrusion 143.
- the second protrusion 144 is fixedly connected to the first current collecting disc 130, so that the second protrusion 144 cooperates with the first current collecting disc 130 to achieve a connection and fixation between the end cover 140 and the first current collecting disc 130, thereby ensuring the overall fixation effect of the components in the single battery 100, preventing connection failure between the components in the single battery 100, and ensuring the normal use of the single battery 100.
- the main body 141 has a first surface 1412 facing the electrode assembly 120.
- the distance between the end surface of the first protrusion 143 facing the electrode assembly 120 and the first surface 1412 is H 1 mm
- the distance between the end surface of the second protrusion 144 facing the electrode assembly 120 and the first surface 1412 is H 2 mm, satisfying the following relationship: H 1 ⁇ H 2 . That is, the protrusion height of the first protrusion 143 is no greater than the protrusion height of the second protrusion 144, so that the second protrusion 144 can fully contact the first current collecting plate 130, thereby ensuring the connection and fixation between the second protrusion 144 and the first current collecting plate 130, and ultimately ensuring the overall fixation of the components in the single battery 100.
- the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 is 10 mm
- the diameter D 2 mm of the liquid injection hole 1411 is 1 mm
- the coefficient k is 0.2
- the width L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction X of the liquid injection hole 1411 is 0.9 mm
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 is 3 mm
- (D 3 -D 2 )/2 is 1.
- a lithium-ion battery was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that:
- the diameter D 1 mm of the explosion-proof portion 142 is 40 mm
- the diameter D 2 mm of the liquid injection hole 1411 is 1 mm
- the coefficient k is 0.04
- the width L mm of the groove 1431 along the radial direction X of the liquid injection hole 1411 is 0.78 mm
- the inner diameter D 3 mm of the groove 1431 is 33 mm
- (D 3 -D 2 )/2 is 16.
- This allows the groove 1431 to effectively prevent deformation of the end cover 140 and further prevent deformation of the explosion-proof portion 142 when the single battery 100 is injected with liquid, effectively protecting the explosion-proof portion 142, ensuring the safety performance of the explosion-proof portion 142, improving the valve opening stability of the single battery 100, and ultimately improving the safety performance of the single battery 100.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
一种单体电池(100)及电池包,其中单体电池(100)包括:壳体(110);电极组件(120),收容于壳体(110)内;第一集流盘(130),设置于电极组件(120)在第一方向(Z)的一端,且与电极组件(120)连接;以及端盖(140),设置于壳体(110)在第一方向(Z)的一端且和壳体(110)连接;其中,端盖(140)包括:主体部(141),主体部(141)上开设有圆形的注液孔(1411);防爆部(142),设置于主体部(141)上,且环绕于注液孔(1411)的外周;以及凹槽(1431),设置在主体部(141)上注液孔(1411)和防爆部(142)之间,且其具有朝向远离电极组件(120)的外侧的槽口;凹槽(1431)具有沿着注液孔(1411)径向方向(X)的宽度尺寸L mm,防爆部(142)的直径为D1 mm,注液孔(1411)的直径为D2 mm,其中:1≤L,L=k×(D1-D2)/2,0.1≤k≤0.7。保证了防爆部(142)的安全性能,提升单体电池(100)的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池(100)的安全性能。
Description
本申请要求于2024年03月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202410381281.3、名称为“单体电池及电池包”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请的实施例涉及但不限于单体电池及电池包。
随着新能源行业的快速发展,具有高容量、高循环寿命和高安全性能的电池得到了广泛的应用和发展,同时对于有更大容量、更耐用、更安全的电池的需求十分迫切。在盖板上设计防爆阀和注液孔的结构中,注液孔在防爆阀内侧,在注液的过程中容易导致防爆阀变形,进而导致开阀压力不稳定;该变形还会导致注液孔密封片焊接位置在Z向变动,导致焊接不良。
本申请提供了一种单体电池及电池包,以提升防爆阀开阀的稳定性,以提升单体电池的安全性能。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种电池单体,具有第一方向,包括:壳体;
电极组件,收容于所述壳体内;
第一集流盘,设置于所述电极组件在所述第一方向的一端,且与所述电极组件连接;以及
端盖,设置于所述壳体在所述第一方向的一端且和所述壳体连接;
其中,所述端盖包括:主体部,所述主体部上开设有圆形的注液孔、防爆部和凹槽,所述注液孔的直径为D2 mm;所述防爆部环绕于所述注液孔的外周,所述防爆部设置为圆弧状,且直径为D1 mm;所述凹槽位于所述注液孔和所述防爆部之间,所述凹槽的槽口朝向所述主体部远离所述电极组件的一侧;所述凹槽具有沿着所述注液孔的径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm,其中:1≤L,
L=k×(D1-D2)/2,0.1≤k≤0.7。
在一些实施例中,所述防爆部的直径D1 mm还满足:13≤D1≤36。
在一些实施例中,所述注液孔的直径D2 mm还满足:2≤D2≤15。
在一些实施例中,所述凹槽呈圆环状环绕所述注液孔设置,所述凹槽的内径为D3 mm,满足:2≤(D3-D2)/2≤14。
除了上述公开的一个或多个特征之外,或者作为替代,所述凹槽的内径D3 mm还满足:7≤D3≤30。
在一些实施例中,所述端盖还具有第一凸部,凸设于所述主体部靠近所述第一集流盘的一侧,所述第一凸部布置于所述注液孔和所述防爆部之间,且所述第一凸部用于与所述第一集流盘连接。
在一些实施例中,所述端盖还具有:第二凸部,凸设于所述主体部靠近所述第一集流盘的一侧,且所述第二凸部环绕于所述第一凸部的外周,所述第二凸部与所述第一集流盘固定连接,所述主体部具有朝向所述电极组件的第一表面,所述第一凸部朝向所述电极组件的端面到所述第一表面的距离为H1 mm,所述第二凸部朝向所述电极组件的端面到所述第一表面的距离为H2 mm,满足:H1≤H2。
在一些实施例中,所述主体部背离所述电极组件的表面向所述电极组件的一侧凹陷形成所述凹槽,且朝向所述电极组件的一侧向所述电极组件凸起以形成所述第一凸部。
在一些实施例中,所述主体部背离所述电极组件的表面向所述电极组件的一侧凹陷且朝向所述电极组件的一侧向所述电极组件凸起以形成所述第二凸部。
在一些实施例中,所述单体电池还具有与所述第一方向垂直的参考平面;
所述第一凸部设有多个,多个所述第一凸部沿一圆周方向围绕所述注液孔布置;
所述第一凸部在所述参考平面上的正投影呈多边形或圆形中的至少一种。
第二方面,本申请提供的一种电池包,包括箱体;以及如上述的电池单体,所述单体电池收容于所述箱体。
本申请中通过限定凹槽沿着注液孔径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm满足:L=k×(D1-D2)/2,以根据防爆部及注液孔的尺寸合理设计凹槽的宽度尺寸,以使得单体电池注液时,利用凹槽高效的防止端盖变形,进而防止防爆部变形,有效的对防爆部进行保护,保证防爆部的安全性能,提升单体电池的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池的安全性能。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本申请实施例提供的单体电池的三维结构视图;
图2是根据本申请实施例提供的单体电池的爆炸结构视图;
图3是根据本申请实施例提供的单体电池的局部剖视图;
图4是图3中A处的局部放大图;
图5是根据本申请实施例提供的端盖的三维结构视图;
图6是根据本申请实施例提供的端盖的剖视图;
图7是根据本申请另一实施例提供的端盖的三维结构视;
图8是根据本申请又一实施例提供的端盖的三维结构视。
附图标记说明:
100、单体电池;
110、壳体;
120、电极组件;
130、第一集流盘;
140、端盖;141、主体部;1411、注液孔;1412、第一表面;142、防爆
部;143、第一凸部;1431、凹槽;144、第二凸部;
150、第一密封件;
160、第二集流盘;
170、极柱;
180、铆接单元;181、第一铆接件;182、第二铆接件;183、第二密封件;
184、绝缘垫片。
100、单体电池;
110、壳体;
120、电极组件;
130、第一集流盘;
140、端盖;141、主体部;1411、注液孔;1412、第一表面;142、防爆
部;143、第一凸部;1431、凹槽;144、第二凸部;
150、第一密封件;
160、第二集流盘;
170、极柱;
180、铆接单元;181、第一铆接件;182、第二铆接件;183、第二密封件;
184、绝缘垫片。
本申请的实施方式
本申请提供一种单体电池及电池包,为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确,以下结合实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。
电池中的盖板与壳体采用激光焊接,同时在盖板上设计有防爆阀和注液孔,且注液孔在防爆阀内侧。电池的注液方式为注液机构压住注液孔真空注液,容易导致防爆阀变形,进而导致防爆阀的开阀压力不稳定,影响电池的安全性能。
请参照图1至图8,在本申请的实施例中,本申请提供了一种单体电池100,该单体电池100具有相互垂直的第一方向Z、径向方向X。其中,“垂直”是指直线与直线、直线与面、或面与面形成的角度为89°~91°的状态。
具体的,该单体电池100包括:壳体110、电极组件120、第一集流盘130及端盖140。
具体的,上述的电极组件120收容于壳体110内;第一集流盘130设置于电极组件120在第一方向Z的一端,且第一集流盘130与电极组件120连接;端盖140设置于壳体110在第一方向Z的一端且端盖140和壳体110连接。第一集流盘130与电极组件120是导电连接的,实现电流的汇集,且第一集流盘130和端盖140电连接,使得端盖140带电,实现电流的传递。
其中,上述的单体电池100可以为锂离子电池,还可以为锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池,但不局限于此。
上述的单体电池100还可以为圆柱形、扁平形、长方形或其他形状等。
其中,上述的单体电池100还可包括电解液、极柱及其他的功能性部件。其中,电极组件是单体电池100中发生电化学反应的部件,且电极组件可以为一个或多个。电极组件主要由正极片、隔膜及负极片层叠或卷绕形成。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部,正极片和负极片不具有
活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。在单体电池100的充放电过程中,正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应,极耳与极柱连接以形成电流回路。
其中,端盖140可以与壳体110一体成型,构成壳体110的一部分。端盖140还可与壳体110固定连接。例如,端盖140与壳体110之间焊接固定,但不限于此。
其中,第一集流盘130可以为正极集流盘,与电极组件120中的正极耳电性连接。第一集流盘130还可为负极集流盘,与电极组件120中的负极耳电性连接。示例性的,本申请中,第一集流盘130为负极集流盘,且第一集流盘130采用导电金属材质制成。
具体的,请参照图3至图6,端盖140包括:主体部141;主体部141上开设有圆形的注液孔1411,设置有防爆部142和凹槽1431;防爆部142设置于主体部141上,且防爆部142环绕于注液孔1411的外周,防爆部142设置为圆弧状,且直径为D1 mm;凹槽1431设置在主体部141上,且凹槽1431具有朝向远离电极组件120的外侧的槽口,凹槽1431设置在注液孔1411和防爆部142之间。
其中,上述的防爆部142可以为防爆刻线,但不限于此。具体的,上述的防爆部142可开设于主体部141靠近电极组件120的表面,也可开设于主体部141远离电极组件120的表面,本申请中不做具体限定,可根据实际情形具体选择,只要不影响本申请的效果即可。
其中,上述的防爆部142可呈闭合的圆环状结构,或者非闭合的圆环状结构均可。具体的形状还可以是“C”字形结构,还可呈“O”字形结构,但不限于此。当其是不规则的圆弧结构,比如“C”字形结构或者“O”字形结构时,其直径可以是沿着注液孔1411的径向方向获得的对应防爆部142的最大尺寸。
其中,电解液自注液孔1411注入壳体110的内部,以浸润电极组件120。当单体电池100中电解液注液完成后,可采用第一密封件150将注液孔1411封堵密封,以保证单体电池100的整体密封效果,保证单体电池100的正常使用。
具体的,凹槽1431具有沿着注液孔1411的径向方向X的宽度尺寸L mm,满足:L=k×(D1-D2)/2;其中,D1 mm为防爆部142的直径,D2 mm为注液孔1411的直径,k为一可变系数,以根据不同的单体电池100采用不同的系数设计。
其中,凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411的径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm可以将实际的单体电池100拆解后,凹槽1431在槽口处具有靠近注液孔1411的顶边和远离注液孔1411的顶边,在凹槽1431靠近注液孔1411的顶边上取多个检测点,连接注液孔1411的中心和该检测点形成直线,该直线与凹槽1431的远离注液孔1411的顶边上的连接点和该检测点之间的距离定义为宽度尺寸L。比如,可以取5个、10个、15个或者其他数值的检测点,选择检测点的数量根据凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411周向的尺寸决定的,若注液孔1411周向的尺寸越大,则选择的检测点相对较多,反之,则相对减少。在本申请中,在每间隔60°的圆心角处的靠近注液孔1411的顶边上选择多个检测点,通过测量工具测量端盖140上的凹槽1431的尺寸并计算平均值得到。测量工具可以为直尺、游标卡尺或者其他尺寸测量器具中的任意一种,但不限于此。
防爆部142的直径D1 mm和注液孔1411的直径D2 mm可以将实际的单体电池100拆解后,通过测量工具分别多次测量端盖140上的防爆部142和注液孔1411的直径并计算平均值得到。其中多次的测量值可以是选择在不同的位置进行测试获得。测量工具可以为直尺、游标卡尺或者其他尺寸测量器具中的任意一种,但不限于此。在本申请中,防爆部142为具有开口的刻痕结构,其开口朝向远离所述电极组件120的一侧,在开口处防爆部142具有靠近注液孔1411的顶边和远离注液孔1411的顶边,选择测量靠近注液孔1411顶边的直径作为D1。可选地,在本申请中,在每间隔60°的圆心角处的靠近注液孔1411的顶边上选择多个检测点。
可以理解的是,单体电池100的注液方式为注液机构压住注液孔1411真空注液,容易导致防爆部142变形,进而导致防爆部142的开阀压力不稳定,影响电池的安全性能。
本申请中通过限定凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm满足:L=k×(D1-D2)/2,以根据防爆部142及注液孔1411的尺寸合理设计凹槽1431的宽度尺寸,以使得单体电池100注液时,利用凹槽1431高效的防止端盖140变形,进而防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的安全性能,提升单体电池100的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能;同时,防止注液孔1411变形,保证注液孔1411可利用第一密封件150完美
封堵,进而保证单体电池100正常使用;同时,本申请的端盖140结构简单,易于加工成型,无需额外设置零部件就可防止注液时防爆部变形,降低了生产成本。
具体的,凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm还满足:1≤L。比如,凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm可以为1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、11mm、11.9mm、12mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。可选地,L的数值还可以是其他。宽度尺寸L mm的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在1≤L范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请中通过将凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm控制在1≤L范围内,以保证凹槽1431具有合理的大小尺寸,以使得单体电池100注液时,凹槽1431可高效的防止端盖140变形,进而防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的安全性能,提升单体电池100的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
在一些其他实施例中,凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸Lmm还满足:1≤L≤11.9。即凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm可以控制在1~11.9mm范围内。比如,凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm可以为1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm、9mm、10mm、11mm或11.9mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。宽度尺寸L mm的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在1~11.9mm范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请中通过将凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm控制在1~11.9mm范围内,以保证凹槽1431具有合理的大小尺寸,以使得单体电池100注液时,凹槽1431可高效的防止端盖140变形,进而防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的安全性能,提升单体电池100的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
系数k还满足:0.1≤k≤0.7。即系数k可以控制在0.1~0.7范围内。比如,系数k可以为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6或0.7中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围,比如0.2≤k≤0.4。系数k的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在0.1~0.7范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请通过将系数k控制在0.1~0.7范围内,以根据不同的单体电池100选择不同的系数k对凹槽1431沿着注液孔
1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm进行合理设计,以有效的防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的安全性能,提升单体电池100的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
在一实施例中,防爆部142的直径D1 mm还满足:13≤D1≤36;即防爆部142的直径D1 mm可以控制在13~36mm范围内。比如,防爆部142的直径D1 mm可以为13mm、15mm、17mm、20mm、23mm、25mm、27mm、30mm、33mm或36mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。防爆部142的直径D1 mm的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在13~36mm范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请通过将防爆部142的直径D1 mm控制在13~36mm范围内,以根据不同的单体电池100设计不同大小的防爆部142,以保证单体电池100具有优异的安全性能。
注液孔1411的直径D2 mm还满足:2≤D2≤15。即注液孔1411的直径D2 mm可以控制在2~15mm范围内。比如,注液孔1411的直径D2 mm可以为2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm、12mm、14mm或15mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。注液孔1411的直径D2 mm的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在2~15mm范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请通过将注液孔1411的直径D2 mm控制在2~15mm范围内,以保证注液孔1411具有足够的大小,从而保证注液设备可利用注液孔1411高效的注入电解液,从而提升单体电池100的装配效率。
在一实施例中,上述的凹槽1431呈圆环状,且凹槽1431环绕注液孔1411设置,凹槽1431的内径为D3 mm,满足:2≤(D3-D2)/2≤14。即(D3-D2)/2可以控制在2~14mm范围内。比如,(D3-D2)/2可以为2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm、12mm或14mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。(D3-D2)/2的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在2~12mm范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。
本申请通过将(D3-D2)/2控制在2~14mm范围内,以根据注液孔1411的尺寸合理设计凹槽1431的内径尺寸大小,以使得单体电池100注液时,利用凹槽1431有效的防止端盖140变形,进而防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
其中,凹槽1431的内径D3 mm可以将实际的单体电池100拆解后,通过测量工具分别多次测量端盖140上的不同位置处的凹槽1431的直径并计算平均值得到。测量工具可以为直尺、游标卡尺或者其他尺寸测量器具中的任意一种,但不限于此。
在一实施例中,上述的凹槽1431的内径D3 mm还满足:7≤D3≤30。即凹槽1431的内径D3 mm可以控制在7~30mm范围内。比如,凹槽1431的内径D3 mm可以为7mm、10mm、13mm、15mm、17mm、20mm、23mm、25mm、27mm或30mm中的一者或其中任意二者组成的范围。凹槽1431的内径D3 mm的上述具体数值仅是示例性地给出,只要在7~30mm范围内的任意值均在本申请的保护范围内。本申请通过将凹槽1431的内径D3 mm控制在7~30mm范围内,以保证可利用凹槽1431高效的防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
在一实施例中,请参照图3至图6,上述的端盖140还具有第一凸部143,第一凸部143凸设于主体部141靠近第一集流盘130的一侧,第一凸部143布置于注液孔1411和防爆部142之间,在端盖140变形时,第一凸部143可与第一集流盘130连接。也即在受到外力作用时,比如受到外部挤压力时,端盖140变形,使得第一凸部143向靠近电极组件120的一侧移动,以和第一集流盘130抵接,第一凸部143提供弹性缓冲力,对第一集流盘130具有一定的防护作用,提高电极组件120和第一集流盘130电连接的稳定性。
可以理解的,单体电池100在利用注液孔1411对壳体110内进行真空注液时,由于注液时壳体110内外产生的压力差,容易导致端盖140发生变形,进而导致防爆部142发生变形,影响单体电池100的安全性。
本申请通过在端盖140上设置第一凸部143,同时第一凸部143抵接第一集流盘130,以使得单体电池100注液时利用第一凸部143的抵接效果防止端盖140发生变形,同时第一凸部143设置于注液孔1411和防爆部142之间,以防止防爆部142发生变形,以保证防爆部142的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
具体的,主体部141背离电极组件120的表面向电极组件120的一侧凹陷形成凹槽1431,且主体部141朝向电极组件120的一侧向电极组件120凸起以形成
第一凸部143,以便于在端盖140上加工成型出凹槽1431及第一凸部143,提升端盖140的整体成型效率,最终提升单体电池100的整体加工效率。
其中,第一凸部143和凹槽1431可以与端盖140采用铸造模具一体铸造成型;也可先将端盖140采用铸造模具压铸成型,在冲压设备在端盖140上冲压成型出第一凸部143和凹槽1431,但不限于此。本申请中不做具体限定,可根据实际情形具体选择。
在一实施例中,请按照图7及图8,上述的单体电池100还具有与第一方向Z垂直的参考平面P;第一凸部143设有多个,多个第一凸部143沿一圆周方向围绕注液孔1411布置,以保证第一凸部143的支撑稳定性,进而高效的防止防爆部142发生变形,以保证防爆部142的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
具体的,第一凸部143在参考平面P上的正投影呈多边形或圆形中的至少一种。示例性的,请参照图7,第一凸部143在参考平面P上的正投影呈多边形,请参照图8,第一凸部143在参考平面P上的正投影呈圆形,但不限于此。第一凸部143的形状的选择可根据实际情形具体设置,本申请中不做具体限定,只要不影响本申请的效果即可。
在一实施例中,请参照图3至图6,端盖140还具有第二凸部144,第二凸部144凸设于主体部141靠近第一集流盘130的一侧,且第二凸部144环绕于第一凸部143的外周,第二凸部144与第一集流盘130固定连接,以利用第二凸部144与第一集流盘130之间配合实现端盖140与第一集流盘130之间的连接固定,保证单体电池100中零部件的整体固定效果,防止单体电池100中各零部件之间连接失效,保证单体电池100的正常使用。
具体的,上述的主体部141具有朝向电极组件120的第一表面1412,第一凸部143朝向电极组件120的端面到第一表面1412的距离为H1 mm,第二凸部144朝向电极组件120的端面到第一表面1412的距离为H2 mm,满足:H1≤H2。即第一凸部143的凸起高度不大于第二凸部144的凸起高度,以使得第二凸部144可与第一集流盘130充分接触,从而保证第二凸部144和第一集流盘130之间的连接固定效果,最终保证单体电池100中零部件的整体固定效果,而第一凸部143与第一集流盘130之间还具有一定的间隙,提供给第一集流盘130一定的形变空
间,防止单体电池100中各零部件之间连接失效,保证单体电池100的正常使用。进一步的,主体部141背离电极组件120的表面向电极组件120的一侧凹陷且朝向电极组件120的一侧向电极组件120凸起以形成第二凸部144,以便于在端盖140上加工成型出第二凸部144,进一步提升端盖140的整体成型效率,最终提升单体电池100的整体加工效率。
其中,第二凸部144可以与端盖140采用铸造模具一体铸造成型;也可先将端盖140采用铸造模具压铸成型,在冲压设备在端盖140上冲压成型出第二凸部144,但不限于此。本申请中不做具体限定,可根据实际情形具体选择。
在一实施例中,请参照图1至图2,上述的单体电池100还包括:极柱170、第二集流盘160及铆接单元180。
具体的,极柱170设置于壳体110沿第一方向Z设置的外壁上,且第二集流盘160收容于壳体110内,第二集流盘160位于极柱170与电极组件120之间,极柱170通过第二集流盘160与电极组件120电性连接。
具体的,上述的铆接单元180包括:第一铆接件181、第二铆接件182、第二密封件183及绝缘垫片184。
上述的第二密封件183套设于极柱170的外周,以对极柱170与壳体110的连接处进行密封,保证单体电池100的整体密封效果。第一铆接件181套设于极柱170的外周,第一铆接件181及第二铆接件182设置于壳体110的外侧,至少部分第二铆接件182设置于第一铆接件181和极柱170之间,第一铆接件181利用第二铆接件182以与极柱170相配合,以将极柱170定位固定,从而使得单体电池100整体紧密装配,消除单体电池100中的零部件发生位移从而造成失效的风险,且第一铆接件181及第二铆接件182设置于壳体110的外侧,以避免第一铆接件181及第二铆接件182占用壳体110的内部空间,提升壳体110内电极组件120的空间占用率,进而提升单体电池100的能量密度。
绝缘垫片184设置于壳体110内,且绝缘垫片184设置于壳体110与第二集流盘160之间,用于隔绝壳体110与第二集流盘160,防止两者之间接触造成单体电池短路。
其中,上述的第二密封件183可采用绝缘材质制成。示例性的,上述的第二密封件183可以为橡胶密封圈等,但不限于此。
其中,上述的第一铆接件181及第二铆接件182可均采用绝缘材质制成。示例性的,上述的第一铆接件181及第二铆接件182均采用塑胶制成,但不限于此。
另一方面,在本申请的实施例中,本申请还提供了一种电池包,包括:箱体;以及如上述任一实施例所述的单体电池100,该单体电池100收容于箱体。
另一方面,在本申请的实施例中,本申请还提供了一种用电装置,包括如上述的电池包,该电池包作为用电装置的供电电源。上述的用电装置可以但不限于是移动设备(例如手机、笔记本电脑等)、电动车辆(例如纯电动车、混合动力电动车、插电式混合动力电动车、电动自行车、电动踏板车、电动高尔夫球车、电动卡车等)、电气列车、船舶及卫星、储能系统等。
为更好理解本申请的技术方案,下面以锂离子电池为例进一步解释说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种锂离子电池的制备方法,具体过程如下:
1、正极片的制备
将正极活性材料为磷酸铁锂、导电剂为导电炭黑SP、粘结剂为PVDF按照质量比96:2:2进行混合,之后加入NMP作为溶剂进行混合,在真空状态下搅拌至体系呈现均一状,得到正极浆料;将正极浆料均匀双面涂覆在正极集流体铝箔上,随后转移至120℃烘箱进行干燥,然后经过辊压、分条、裁片后得到正极片。
2、负极片的制备
将负极活性材料石墨、导电剂为导电炭黑SP、增稠剂为CMC、粘结剂为SBR按照质量比96.2:1.2:1.2:1.4进行混合,之后加入去离子水作为溶剂进行混合,在真空状态下搅拌至体系呈现均一状,得到负极浆料;将负极浆料均匀双面涂覆在负极集流体铜箔上,随后转移至110℃烘箱进行干燥,然后经过辊压、分条、裁片得到负极片。
3、电解液的制备
将碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)按照质量比3:4:3比例混合得到有机溶剂,加入1mol/L的LiPF6混合均匀,之后加入碳酸亚乙烯酯、硫酸乙烯酯和二氟磷酸锂,配制成电解液。
4、隔膜的制备
以PP膜作为隔膜。
5、锂离子电池的制备
采用上述步骤制备出的负极片、正极片经过干燥后,与隔膜一起采用卷绕机制备出卷绕的电极卷,将正极极耳与负极极耳焊接在端盖上,并将焊接完成的带顶盖的电极组件放入铝壳中进行封装;经过灌注电解液、化成定容制得锂离子电池。
其中,防爆部142的直径D1 mm为36mm,注液孔1411的直径D2 mm为3mm,系数k为0.2,凹槽1431具有沿着注液孔1411的径向方向X的宽度尺寸L mm为3.3mm,凹槽1431的内径D3 mm为10mm,(D3-D2)/2为3.5mm。
实施例2-实施例30的参数见下表:
对比例1
依照实施例1的方法制备锂离子电池,不同之处在于:
防爆部142的直径D1 mm为10mm,注液孔1411的直径D2 mm为1mm,系数k为0.2,凹槽1431具有沿着注液孔1411的径向方向X的宽度尺寸L mm为0.9mm,凹槽1431的内径D3 mm为3mm,(D3-D2)/2为1。
对比例2
依照实施例1的方法制备锂离子电池,不同之处在于:
防爆部142的直径D1 mm为40mm,注液孔1411的直径D2 mm为1mm,系数k为0.04,凹槽1431具有沿着注液孔1411的径向方向X的宽度尺寸L mm为0.78mm,凹槽1431的内径D3 mm为33mm,(D3-D2)/2为16。
将以上实施例和对比例制得的电池进行性能测试,具体测试项目的方法如下:
1、防爆部位置的应力测试方法:
利用CAE仿真分析,模拟注液孔在注液过程中的受到600N朝电芯内部方向的压力,此时盖板会发生形变,利用软件模拟分析,测试处防爆部受到的应力。以防爆部的材质为钢,其屈服应力为241MPa,当防爆部处应力大于241MPa,理论上防爆部已经发生塑性变形,将影响防爆部的开阀性能,直接影响电池的安全。
其中,当防爆部位置的应力小于和等于241MPa,单体电池100的安全性优秀,反之,当防爆部位置的应力大于241MPa时,单体电池100的安全性差。
将上述实施例和对比例中的相关参数和测试结果记录在表1中。
表1实施例1~30及对比例1~2的参数及测试结果
由表1的数据可知:对比例1至对比例2中,锂离子电池没有表现出相应的性能,不符合要求。
由此可见,本申请通过限定凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm满足:L=k×(D1-D2)/2、系数k控制在0.1~0.7范围内、凹槽1431沿着注液孔1411径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm控制在大于1mm的范围内,以使得单体电池100注液时,利用凹槽1431有效的防止端盖140变形,进而防止防爆部142变形,有效的对防爆部142进行保护,保证防爆部142的安全性能,提升单体电池100的开阀稳定性,最终提升单体电池100的安全性能。
在上述的描述中,具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上步骤所提供的介绍,只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法、结构及核心思想。对于本技术领域内的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请原理的前提下,还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也同样属于本申请实施例的保护范围之内。
Claims (15)
- 一种单体电池,具有第一方向,包括:壳体;电极组件,收容于所述壳体内;第一集流盘,设置于所述电极组件在所述第一方向的一端,且与所述电极组件连接;以及端盖,设置于所述壳体在所述第一方向的一端,且所述端盖和所述壳体连接;其中,所述端盖包括:主体部,所述主体部上开设有圆形的注液孔、防爆部和凹槽,所述注液孔的直径为D2mm;所述防爆部环绕于所述注液孔的外周,所述防爆部设置为圆弧状,且直径为D1mm;所述凹槽位于所述注液孔和所述防爆部之间,所述凹槽的槽口朝向所述主体部远离所述电极组件的一侧;所述凹槽具有沿着所述注液孔的径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm,其中:1≤L,L=k×(D1-D2)/2,0.1≤k≤0.7。
- 如权利要求1所述的单体电池,其中,所述凹槽具有沿着所述注液孔的径向方向的宽度尺寸L mm还满足:1≤L≤11.9。
- 如权利要求1所述的单体电池,其中,所述防爆部的直径D1mm还满足:13≤D1≤36。
- 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的单体电池,其中,所述注液孔的直径D2mm还满足:2≤D2≤15。
- 如权利要求1所述的单体电池,其中,所述凹槽呈圆环状环绕所述注液孔设置,所述凹槽的内径为D3mm,满足:2≤(D3-D2)/2≤14。
- 如权利要求5所述的单体电池,其中,所述凹槽的内径D3mm还满足:7≤D3≤30。
- 如权利要求1所述的单体电池,其中,所述端盖还具有第一凸部,凸设于所述主体部靠近所述第一集流盘的一侧,所述第一凸部布置于所述注液孔和所述防爆部之间,且所述第一凸部用于与所述第一集流盘连接。
- 如权利要求7所述的单体电池,其中,所述端盖还具有:第二凸部,凸设于所述主体部靠近所述第一集流盘的一侧,且所述第二凸部环绕于所述第一 凸部的外周,所述第二凸部与所述第一集流盘固定连接,所述主体部具有朝向所述电极组件的第一表面,所述第一凸部朝向所述电极组件的端面到所述第一表面的距离为H1mm,所述第二凸部朝向所述电极组件的端面到所述第一表面的距离为H2mm,满足:H1≤H2。
- 如权利要求7所述的单体电池,其中,所述主体部背离所述电极组件的表面向所述电极组件的一侧凹陷形成所述凹槽,且朝向所述电极组件的一侧向所述电极组件凸起以形成所述第一凸部。
- 如权利要求8所述的单体电池,其中,所述主体部背离所述电极组件的表面向所述电极组件的一侧凹陷且朝向所述电极组件的一侧向所述电极组件凸起以形成所述第二凸部。
- 如权利要求7所述的单体电池,其中,所述单体电池还具有与所述第一方向垂直的参考平面;所述第一凸部设有多个,多个所述第一凸部沿一圆周方向围绕所述注液孔布置;所述第一凸部在所述参考平面上的正投影呈多边形或圆形中的至少一种。
- 如权利要求1所述的单体电池,其中,所述单体电池还包括:极柱及第二集流盘;所述极柱设置于所述壳体沿第一方向设置的外壁上,且所述第二集流盘收容于壳体内,所述第二集流盘位于所述极柱与所述电极组件之间,所述极柱通过所述第二集流盘与所述电极组件电性连接。
- 如权利要求12所述的单体电池,其中,所述单体电池还包括:铆接单元,所述铆接单元包括:第一铆接件、第二铆接件、第二密封件;所述第二密封件套设于所述极柱的外周,所述第一铆接件套设于所述极柱的外周,所述第一铆接件及所述第二铆接件设置于壳体的外侧,至少部分所述第二铆接件设置于所述第一铆接件和所述极柱之间,所述第一铆接件利用所述第二铆接件以与所述极柱相配合,以将所述极柱定位固定。
- 如权利要求13所述的单体电池,其中,所述铆接单元还包括:绝缘垫片,所述绝缘垫片设置于所述壳体内,且所述绝缘垫片设置于所述壳体与所述第二集流盘之间。
- 一种电池包,包括:箱体;以及如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的单体电池,所述单体电池收容于所述箱体。
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| CN217788606U (zh) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-11 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池单体、电池及用电设备 |
| CN219832823U (zh) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-10-13 | 中创新航科技股份有限公司 | 电池 |
| CN220138628U (zh) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-12-05 | 欣旺达动力科技股份有限公司 | 一种单体电池 |
| CN117728128A (zh) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江金羽新能源科技有限公司 | 圆柱电池结构 |
| CN118263634A (zh) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-06-28 | 欣旺达动力科技股份有限公司 | 单体电池及电池包 |
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