WO2025167366A1 - 电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置

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Publication number
WO2025167366A1
WO2025167366A1 PCT/CN2024/141798 CN2024141798W WO2025167366A1 WO 2025167366 A1 WO2025167366 A1 WO 2025167366A1 CN 2024141798 W CN2024141798 W CN 2024141798W WO 2025167366 A1 WO2025167366 A1 WO 2025167366A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode
along
material coating
anode
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/141798
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓斌
林秀娟
张伟
张彬
魏川域
刘振兴
李于朋
庄子敬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025167366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025167366A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an electrode assembly, a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide an electrode assembly, a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, so as to improve the problem in the related art that the performance of the battery is affected because the size of the active material of the anode plate exceeds the size of the active material of the cathode plate and fails to meet the requirements.
  • an electrode assembly including a cathode electrode sheet and an anode electrode sheet stacked with the cathode electrode sheet.
  • the anode electrode sheet includes an anode current collector, an anode active material coating provided on the surface of the anode current collector, and a second insulating material coating provided on one side of the anode active material coating along the winding axis;
  • the second insulating material coating includes a second end section located at the end of the second insulating material coating along the winding direction and a second middle section located in the middle of the second insulating material coating along the winding direction, wherein the size of the second end section along the winding axis is smaller than the size of the second middle section.
  • the first insulating material coating comprises two first end sections respectively located at two ends of the cathode current collector in a winding direction, and the first middle section is located between the two first end sections;
  • the second insulating material coating layer includes two second end segments respectively located at both ends of the cathode current collector in the winding direction, and the second middle segment is located between the two second end segments.
  • Ceramic insulation materials offer high-temperature resistance, maintaining insulation performance even when battery temperatures are too high. They also offer excellent corrosion resistance, preventing electrolyte corrosion and loss of insulation performance, which helps extend battery life. Furthermore, ceramic insulation materials offer excellent wear resistance, helping prevent failure during the electrode winding process.
  • the cathode active material coating comprises a third end segment located at an end of the cathode active material coating along the winding direction and a third middle segment located in the middle of the cathode active material coating along the winding direction, the third end segment being arranged opposite to the first end segment, and the third middle segment being arranged opposite to the first middle segment; and/or
  • the anode active material coating includes a fourth end segment located at an end of the anode active material coating along the winding direction and a fourth middle segment located in the middle of the anode active material coating along the winding direction, the fourth end segment is arranged opposite to the second end segment, and the fourth middle segment is arranged opposite to the second middle segment.
  • the width of the cathode active material coating and the anode active material layer is increased as much as possible to ensure the energy storage capacity of the electrode assembly.
  • the cathode current collector comprises a cathode current collector body and a cathode tab provided at one end of the cathode current collector body along the winding axis of the cathode current collector, and the first insulating material coating is provided at one end of the cathode current collector body close to the cathode tab in the winding axis; and/or
  • the anode current collector includes an anode current collector body and an anode tab provided at one end of the anode current collector body along the winding axis of the anode current collector.
  • the second insulating material coating is provided at one end of the anode current collector body close to the anode tab in the winding axis.
  • the cathode current collector comprises a plurality of cathode tabs arranged along a winding direction, and one or two cathode tabs are provided between two ends of the first end section of the first insulating material coating along the winding direction; and/or
  • the anode current collector includes a plurality of anode tabs arranged along a winding direction, and one or two anode tabs are provided between the two ends of the second end section of the second insulating material coating along the winding direction.
  • the first end section or the second end section is set to be of sufficient length to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at the end of the cathode electrode sheet that is prone to wrinkling.
  • the difference between the size of the second end section along the winding axis and the size of the middle section is L1, where 0.1mm ⁇ L1 ⁇ 0.9mm,
  • the first end section or the second end section is set to be of sufficient length to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at the end of the cathode electrode sheet that is prone to wrinkling.
  • the junction between the second end section and the second middle section has a sudden change in size and forms a transition step.
  • the first transition section and the second transition section can gradually reduce the width of the active material of the cathode electrode and the active material of the anode electrode, which is conducive to ensuring that the active material of the anode electrode exceeds the size of the active material of the cathode electrode.
  • the length of the first end section is 0 to 200 mm; and/or
  • the length of the second end section is half a circle to two circles
  • the first end section or the second end section is set to be of sufficient length to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at the end of the cathode electrode sheet that is prone to wrinkling.
  • a method for manufacturing the electrode assembly comprising:
  • Lengthening the size of the cathode electrode piece along the winding direction and / or, lengthening the size of the cathode electrode piece along the winding direction.
  • a battery cell comprising the above-mentioned cathode electrode.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric device disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cathode electrode piece of an electrode assembly disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a wound electrode assembly disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound electrode assembly disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 shows an exploded view of a wound electrode assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 shows an exploded view of a wound electrode assembly according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG13 shows a schematic structural diagram of an anode electrode sheet of an electrode assembly disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • scope disclosed in the present application is limited in the form of lower limit and upper limit, and given range is limited by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundary of special scope.
  • the scope that this mode limits can be to include end value or not include end value, and can be arbitrarily combined, and promptly any lower limit can form a scope with any upper limit combination.
  • the scope of 60-120 and 80-110 is listed for specific parameter, it is understood that the scope of 60-110 and 80-120 is also expected.
  • the minimum range value 1 and 2 listed, and if the maximum range value 3,4 and 5 are listed then the following scope can all be expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5.
  • a-b represents the abbreviation of any real number combination between a and b, and wherein a and b are all real numbers.
  • a numerical range of "0-5" indicates that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed herein, and "0-5" is simply an abbreviation for these numerical combinations.
  • a parameter is expressed as an integer ⁇ 2, this is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, an integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.
  • the method includes steps (a) and (b), indicating that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially.
  • the method may further include step (c), indicating that step (c) may be added to the method in any order, for example, the method may include steps (a), (b) and (c), or may include steps (a), (c) and (b), or may include steps (c), (a) and (b), etc.
  • the term "or” is used in this application to be inclusive.
  • the phrase “A or B” means “A, B, or both A and B.” More specifically, the condition “A or B” is satisfied if any of the following conditions are met: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist); A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists); or both A and B are true (or exist).
  • FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electric device that uses a battery as a power source; as shown in FIG1 , the electric device of this embodiment includes a vehicle 1000, which may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery pack 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery pack 100 may be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery pack 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery pack 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery pack 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating, and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.
  • the battery pack 100 can not only serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also serve as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery pack 100 includes a case 110 and a battery module disposed in the case 110.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 120, and the battery cells 120 are accommodated in the case 110.
  • the case 110 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cells 120, and the case 110 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the case 110 may include a first portion 111 and a second portion 112, the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 covering each other, and the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells 120.
  • the battery pack 100 there may be multiple battery cells 120, and the multiple battery cells 120 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection.
  • a hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 120.
  • the multiple battery cells 120 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the entire battery pack 120 may be housed within the housing 110.
  • the battery pack 100 may be constructed by first connecting multiple battery cells 120 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, which is then connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a complete battery module, and then housed within the housing 110.
  • the battery pack 100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 120.
  • Each battery cell 120 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 120 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 120 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery cell 120 is the smallest unit that makes up the battery pack 100.
  • a battery cell 120 includes an end cap 121, a housing 122, a cell assembly 123 (also known as an electrode assembly), and other functional components.
  • the end cap 121 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism to release internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 120 reaches a threshold.
  • the end cap 121 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic, and this is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating member may be provided inside the end cap 121 to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 122 from the end cap 121 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the housing 122 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 121 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 120, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly 123, electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 122 and the end cap 121 can be independent components.
  • An opening can be provided on the housing 122, and the end cap 121 is closed at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 120.
  • the end cap 121 and the housing 122 can also be integrated.
  • the end cap 121 and the housing 122 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 122 needs to be encapsulated, the end cap 121 is closed over the housing 122.
  • the cell assembly 123 is the component within the battery cell 100 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the housing 122 may contain one or more cell assemblies 123. These cell assemblies 123 are primarily formed by winding or stacking electrode sheets, including positive and negative electrodes, with a separator typically positioned between them.
  • the electrode sheet mainly consists of a thin sheet of current collector and an active material coated on the current collector.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet (cathode electrode sheet) and the negative electrode sheet (anode electrode sheet) with active materials constitute the main body of the battery cell assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials each constitute the tab 123a.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body.
  • the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 123a connects the electrode terminal to form a current loop.
  • the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 each move toward the winding needle 50, thereby being wound in layers on the winding needle 50 to form an electrode assembly.
  • An insulating separator is also provided between the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20.
  • the winding direction of the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 is consistent with their length, and the width direction of the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 is consistent with the winding axis.
  • the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 are each cut by a cutter 30. After the electrode sheets (including the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20) are cut, the electrode sheets of the wound electrode assembly remain taut due to the lack of tension, and the tail end of the electrode sheet of the electrode assembly is in a relaxed state. The leading end of the next electrode assembly to be wound also remains taut due to the lack of tension and is in a relaxed state.
  • the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 are each provided with a corresponding deflection correction roller 40 to ensure the axial position of the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 along the winding needle 50.
  • both the trailing and leading ends of the electrode sheet are in a relaxed state.
  • the electrode sheet may wrinkle or shift along the winding axis and the width of the electrode sheet, resulting in the anode active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeding the cathode active material of the cathode electrode sheet (overhang, abbreviated as OH), making it difficult to meet the predetermined requirements.
  • OH cathode active material of the cathode electrode sheet
  • widening the width of the anode electrode sheet to ensure that the anode active material exceeds the cathode active material will result in an increase in the size of the anode electrode sheet in the winding axis.
  • this embodiment provides an electrode assembly, which includes a cathode electrode sheet 10 and an anode electrode sheet 20 stacked with the cathode electrode sheet 10.
  • the cathode electrode sheet of this embodiment includes a cathode current collector 1, a cathode active material coating 2 and a first insulating material coating 3.
  • the first insulating material coating 3 is provided on one side of the cathode active material coating 2 along the winding axis.
  • the first insulating material coating 3 includes a first end section 31 located at the end of the first insulating material coating 3 along the winding direction, and a first middle section 32 located in the middle of the first insulating material coating 3 along the winding direction.
  • the first end section 31 is larger than the first middle section 32 along the winding axis.
  • the cathode active material coating 2 is provided on the surface of the cathode current collector 1.
  • the first insulating material coating 3 is provided on the same surface of the cathode active material coating 2 as the cathode current collector 1 and is arranged side by side with the cathode active material coating 2 along the winding axis.
  • the cathode active material coating 2 includes a third end segment 21 located at the end of the active material coating 2 along the winding direction and a third middle segment 22 located in the middle of the cathode active material coating 2 along the winding direction.
  • the third end segment 21 is arranged opposite to the first end segment 31, and the third middle segment 22 is arranged opposite to the first middle segment 32.
  • the third end section 21 is aligned with the first end section 31 in the winding direction and connected to the first end section 31 in the winding axis.
  • the third middle section 22 is aligned with the first middle section 32 in the winding direction and connected to the first middle section 32 in the winding axis. In the first middle section 32, where the first insulating material coating 3 is narrower, the width of the cathode active material coating 2 is maximized to ensure the energy storage capacity of the electrode assembly.
  • the width of the first end section 31 of the first insulating material coating 3 located at the end of the cathode electrode 10 along the winding direction is relatively large.
  • the width of the third end section 21 of the cathode active material coating 2, which is flush with the first end section 31 of the first insulating material coating 3 in the winding direction on the cathode electrode 10 is relatively small. Even if wrinkles or a certain offset occurs at the end of the electrode along the winding direction, the distance between the edge of the anode active material in the width direction and the edge of the cathode active material can still be guaranteed.
  • the first insulating material coating 3 includes two first end segments 31 located at two ends of the winding direction, and the first middle segment 32 is located between the two first end segments 31.
  • the two ends of the cathode current collector 1 of the cathode electrode sheet 10 are respectively the beginning and the end of the electrode assembly winding process.
  • the two first end segments 31 of the first insulating material coating 3 located at two ends of the winding direction are both relatively wide, which is conducive to ensuring that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at both the beginning and the end of the electrode sheet.
  • the first insulating coating 3 is made of a ceramic insulating material.
  • the ceramic insulating material includes AT11. Ceramic insulating materials have high-temperature resistance, maintaining insulation performance when the battery temperature is too high. They also have excellent corrosion resistance, preventing loss of insulation performance due to electrolyte corrosion, which helps improve battery life. Furthermore, ceramic insulating materials have excellent wear resistance, which helps prevent failure during the electrode winding process.
  • the cathode active material coating 2 and the first insulating material coating 3 are sequentially connected in the winding axis direction.
  • the ends of the cathode active material coating 2 are connected to the first end section 31, and the middle of the cathode active material coating 2 is connected to the first middle section 32.
  • the width of the middle portion of the cathode active material coating 2 is greater than the width of the ends of the cathode active material coating 2.
  • the length of the middle portion of the cathode active material coating 2 is the same as the length of the first middle section 32 where the width of the first insulating material coating 3 is narrower. In the first middle section 32 where the width of the first insulating material coating 3 is narrower, the width of the cathode active material coating 2 is increased as much as possible to ensure the energy storage capacity of the electrode assembly.
  • the cathode current collector 1 includes a cathode current collector body 11 and a cathode tab 12 provided at one end of the cathode current collector body 11 along the winding axis, and the first insulating material coating 3 is provided at one end of the cathode current collector body 11 close to the cathode tab 12 in the winding axis.
  • the cathode current collector 1 includes a plurality of cathode tabs 12 arranged along the winding direction, and a first end section 31 of the first insulating material coating 3 has one or two cathode tabs 12 between both ends along the winding direction.
  • the first end section 31 is set to a sufficient length to ensure that the size of the active material of the anode plate exceeds the active material of the cathode plate at the end of the cathode plate that is prone to wrinkling.
  • the length of the first end segment 31 is 0 to 200 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the first end segment 31 is 5 to 20 mm. Specifically, the length of the first end segment 31 is 10 mm.
  • the first end segment 31 is set to be long enough to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at the end of the cathode electrode sheet that is prone to wrinkling.
  • the difference between the dimension of the first end segment 31 along the winding axis and the dimension of the first middle segment 32 is L, where 0.1 mm ⁇ L ⁇ 0.9 mm. In some embodiments, the difference L is 0.5 mm.
  • the first end segment 31 is configured to have a sufficient width to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet at the end of the cathode electrode sheet, which is prone to wrinkling.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly after winding
  • FIG11 is a decomposition diagram of the electrode assembly after forming.
  • the size of the junction between the first middle section 32 and the first end section 31 changes suddenly and forms a transition step 33.
  • the angle between the side of the first end section 31 adjacent to the first middle section 32 along the winding axis and the side of the first middle section 32 along the winding direction is a right angle, see FIG5 and FIG10 to 11.
  • Figure 12 shows a decomposition diagram of the electrode assembly of some other embodiments.
  • the first insulating material coating 3 also includes a first transition section 34 arranged between the middle section 31 and the first end section 32, and the width of the first transition section 34 gradually decreases from the first end section 32 to the middle section 31.
  • the first transition section 34 can gradually reduce the width of the active material of the cathode electrode piece and the active material of the anode electrode piece, which is beneficial to ensure that the active material of the anode electrode piece exceeds the size of the active material of the cathode electrode piece.
  • a method for manufacturing the electrode assembly comprising:
  • Method for manufacturing a cathode electrode sheet increasing the size of the first insulating material coating 3 located at the end of the cathode current collector 1 along the winding direction so that the size of the first end section 31 along the winding axis of the cathode current collector 1 is larger than the size of the first middle section 32 along the winding axis; lengthening the length of the cathode electrode sheet 10 to maintain or increase the energy storage capacity of the electrode assembly, compensating for the loss of energy storage capacity due to the wider insulating layer at the end of the anode electrode sheet.
  • Method for manufacturing an anode electrode sheet reducing the size of the second insulating material coating 6 located at the end of the anode current collector 4 along the winding direction so that the size of the second end segment 61 along the winding axis is smaller than the size of the second middle segment 62 along the winding axis; the size of the cathode electrode sheet 10 along the winding direction is reduced to increase the energy storage capacity of the electrode assembly.
  • FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present application.
  • the end of the first insulating material coating 3 of the cathode electrode of the electrode assembly is widened to form the aforementioned first end section 31.
  • the lengths of the cathode electrode 10 and the anode electrode 20 of the electrode assembly are both lengthened.
  • a section of the cathode electrode 10 near its tail end is one-quarter of the arc of the aforementioned semicircle.
  • a section of the anode electrode near its tail end is one-half of the arc of the aforementioned semicircle.
  • the length of the cathode electrode sheet 10 is increased. Referring to FIG8 , the increased length of the cathode electrode sheet 10 near its tail end is half the arc of the aforementioned semicircle. The length of the anode electrode sheet near its tail end is three-quarters the arc of the aforementioned semicircle.
  • the electrode assembly includes the cathode electrode sheet 10 , an anode electrode sheet 20 stacked on the cathode electrode sheet 10 , and an insulating separator 60 provided between the cathode electrode sheet 10 and the anode electrode sheet 20 .
  • the cathode electrode sheet 10, anode electrode sheet 20, and insulating separator 60 are wound into a cylindrical shape, and the length of the first end segment 31 is the length of half a turn to two turns.
  • a full turn is defined as winding the electrode sheet to the same angle as the starting point of the winding in the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly. In other words, a full turn extends 360 degrees in the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly, and a half turn extends 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly.
  • the length of the first end segment 31 of the first insulating material coating 3 is the length of one and a half turns. The electrode sheet is bent twice for each full turn, and one and a half turns is equivalent to three folds.
  • a first end section 31 having a larger dimension along the winding axis is provided at the tail end or the head end of the first insulating material coating 3 of the cathode electrode 10 along the winding direction of the cathode current collector 1.
  • the difference L between the dimension along the winding axis of the first end section 31 and the dimension of the first middle section 32 is 0.5 ⁇ 0.4 mm. Therefore, when the head end or the tail end of the electrode is in a relaxed state, the dimension of the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the dimension of the active material of the cathode electrode sheet.
  • the cathode active material coating 2 at the leading and trailing ends of the cathode electrode piece is 0.5 ⁇ 0.4mm smaller in the winding axis than the middle portion.
  • the length of the cathode electrode piece of the electrode assembly is increased, and the section of the cathode electrode piece 10 near its trailing end is extended from one-quarter of the arc of the aforementioned semicircle to one-half.
  • High-power X-ray inspection equipment can effectively detect if the active material of the anode electrode piece at the trailing end of the electrode piece exceeds the size of the active material of the cathode electrode piece, preventing missed inspections.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of the anode electrode sheet of the electrode assembly of some embodiments of the present application.
  • the anode electrode sheet 20 includes an anode current collector 4, an anode active material coating 5 provided on the surface of the anode current collector 4, and a second insulating material coating 6 provided on one side of the anode active material coating 5 along the winding axis;
  • the second insulating material coating 6 includes a second end segment 61 located at the end of the second insulating material coating 6 along the winding direction and a second middle segment 62 located in the middle of the second insulating material coating 6 along the winding direction, wherein the size of the second end segment 61 along the winding axis is smaller than the size of the second middle segment 62.
  • the width of the second end section 61 of the second insulating material coating 6 located at the end of the anode electrode sheet along the winding direction is smaller, and correspondingly, the width of the anode active material coating flush with the second end section 61 in the winding direction is larger, and the difference between the width of the anode active material of the anode electrode sheet at the end of the electrode assembly along the winding direction and the width of the cathode active material of the cathode electrode sheet 10 increases.
  • the distance between the edge of the anode active material in the width direction and the edge of the cathode active material can still be guaranteed, that is, the anode active material of the anode electrode sheet 20 exceeds the size of the cathode active material of the cathode electrode sheet, which improves the problem in the related art that the performance of the battery is affected because the size of the anode active material of the anode electrode sheet 20 exceeds the size of the cathode active material of the cathode electrode sheet and fails to meet the requirements.
  • the size of the anode active material layer 5 exceeding the cathode active material layer 2 at the end of the winding direction is not less than the size of the anode active material layer 5 exceeding the cathode active material layer 2 in the middle of the winding direction, which meets the requirement that the active material of the anode electrode sheet exceeds the active material of the cathode electrode sheet to ensure the performance of the electrode assembly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

一种电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体（120）、电池和用电装置，电极组件包括阴极极片(10)和与所述阴极极片(10)叠置的阳极极片(20)，阴极极片(10)包括：阴极集流体(1)；阴极活性物质涂层(2)，设在所述阴极集流体(1)的表面上；第一绝缘材料涂层(3)，设于所述阴极活性物质涂层(2)沿卷绕轴向的一侧；所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)包括位于所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段(31)和位于第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的沿所述卷绕方向的中部的第一中部段(32)；其中，沿卷绕轴向，所述第一端部段(31)的尺寸大于所述第一中部段(32)的尺寸。

Description

电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置
本公开是以CN申请号为CN202410175426.4，申请日为2024年02月07日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置。
背景技术
叠片式电极组件在电池单体中的应用逐渐广泛，通过研究发现，目前电极组件难以达到较优的性能，其中一个重要因素是阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸(overhang，简称OH)难于达到预定要求，如果未满足要求，则可能使金属离子难以嵌入阳极极片的活性物质区的边缘区域，造成析出金属现象，且正极极片的活性物质也难以充分发挥作用，从而影响电极组件的性能，此外也会使电极组件的循环寿命大幅缩短，并限制了电池的快充容量，还可能引起燃烧、爆炸等安全性问题。
发明内容
本公开旨在提供一种电极组件、电极组件的制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置，以改善相关技术中存在的因阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸达不到要求而影响电池的性能的问题。
根据本公开实施例的一个方面，提供了一种电极组件，电极组件包括阴极极片和与阴极极片叠置的阳极极片，
阴极极片包括阴极集流体、设在阴极集流体的表面上的阴极活性物质涂层和设于阴极活性物质涂层沿卷绕轴向的一侧的第一绝缘材料涂层；第一绝缘材料涂层包括位于第一绝缘材料涂层的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段和位于第一绝缘材料涂层的沿卷绕方向的中部的第一中部段，其中沿卷绕轴向第一端部段的尺寸大于第一中部段的尺寸；和/或
阳极极片包括阳极集流体、设在阳极集流体的表面上的阳极活性物质涂层和设于阳极活性物质涂层沿卷绕轴向的一侧的第二绝缘材料涂层；第二绝缘材料涂层包括位于第二绝缘材料涂层的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二端部段和位于第二绝缘材料涂层的沿卷绕方向的中部的第二中部段，其中沿卷绕轴向第二端部段的尺寸小于第二中部段的尺寸，
有利于满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸，改善了相关技术中存在的因阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸达不到要求而影响电池的性能的问题。
在一些实施例中，
第一绝缘材料涂层包括分别位于阴极集流体的卷绕方向的两端的两个第一端部段，第一中部段位于两个第一端部段之间；和/或
第二绝缘材料涂层包括分别位于阴极集流体的卷绕方向的两端的两个第二端部段，第二中部段位于两个第二端部段之间，
有利于使得在极片的首端和尾端均能满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，
第一绝缘材料涂层的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料；和/或
第二绝缘材料涂层的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料，
陶瓷绝缘材料具有高温耐性以在电池温度过高时保持绝缘性能；陶瓷绝缘材料具有优良的耐腐蚀性，以防止被电解液腐蚀失去绝缘性能，有利于提高电池的寿命。进一步地，陶瓷绝缘材料还具有优良的耐磨损性能，有利于防止在极片缠绕的过程中失效。
在一些实施例中，
阴极活性物质涂层包括位于阴极活性物涂层的沿卷绕方向的端部的第三端部段和位于阴极活性物质涂层的沿卷绕方向的中部的第三中部段，第三端部段与第一端部段相对设置，第三中部段与第一中部段相对设置；和/或
阳极活性物质涂层包括位于阳极活性物涂层的沿卷绕方向的端部的第四端部段和位于阳极活性物质涂层的沿卷绕方向的中部的第四中部段，第四端部段与第二端部段相对设置，第四中部段与第二中部段相对设置，
将阴极活性物质涂层和阳极活性物质层的宽度尽量增大，以保证电极组件的储能量。
在一些实施例中，
阴极集流体包括阴极集流体本体和设在阴极集流体本体的沿阴极集流体的卷绕轴向的一端的阴极极耳，第一绝缘材料涂层设在阴极集流体本体的在卷绕轴向上靠近阴极极耳的一端；和/或
阳极集流体包括阳极集流体本体和设在阳极集流体本体的沿阳极集流体的卷绕轴向的一端的阳极极耳，第二绝缘材料涂层设在阳极集流体本体的在卷绕轴向上靠近阳极极耳的一端。
在一些实施例中，
阴极集流体包括沿卷绕方向布置的多个阴极极耳，第一绝缘材料涂层的第一端部段的沿卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个阴极极耳；和/或
阳极集流体包括沿卷绕方向布置的多个阳极极耳，第二绝缘材料涂层的第二端部段的沿卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个阳极极耳，
第一端部段或第二端部段设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，
第一端部段沿卷绕轴向的尺寸与中部段的尺寸的差值为L，其中0.1mm≤L≤0.9mm；和/或
第二端部段沿卷绕轴向的尺寸与中部段的尺寸的差值为L1，其中0.1mm≤L1≤0.9mm，
第一端部段或第二端部段设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，
第一端部段和第一中部段的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶；和/或
第二端部段和第二中部段的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶，
在涂布绝缘材料涂层的过程中，第一中部段和第一端部段交界处或第二中部段和第二端部段交界处只需改变涂布工具的宽度即可，有利于降低加工难度、提高加工效率。
在一些实施例中，
第一绝缘材料涂层还包括设在第一中部段和第一端部段之间的第一过渡段，第一过渡段的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸由第一端部段至第一中部段逐渐减小；和/或
第二绝缘材料涂层还包括设在第二中部段和第二端部段之间的第二过渡段，第二过渡段的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸由第二端部段至第二中部段逐渐增大，
第一过渡段和第二过渡段能起到逐渐地减小阴极极片的活性物质与阳极极片的活性物质的宽度的作用，有利于保证满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，
第一端部段的长度为0至200mm；和/或
第二端部段的长度为0至200mm，
第一端部段或第二端部段设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，阴极极片和阳极极片卷绕成筒状，
第一端部段的长度为半圈至两圈；和/或
第二端部段的长度为半圈至两圈，
第一端部段或第二端部段设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，在卷绕方向的端部阳极活性物质层超出阴极活性物质层的尺寸不小于在卷绕方向的中部阳极活性物质层超出阴极活性物质层的尺寸，满足了阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸的要求，以保证电极组件的性能。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种上述的电极组件的制造方法，制造方法包括：
加大位于阴极集流体的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一绝缘材料涂层的尺寸，以使第一端部段沿卷绕轴向的尺寸大于第一中部段的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸；和/或，减小位于阳极集流体的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二绝缘材料涂层的尺寸，以使第二端部段沿卷绕轴向的尺寸小于第二中部段的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸
加长阴极极片的沿卷绕方向的尺寸；和/或，加长阴极极片的沿卷绕方向的尺寸.
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种电池单体，包括上述的阴极极片。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种电池，包括上述的阴极极片。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供了一种用电装置，包括上述的电池。
应用本申请的技术方案，第一绝缘材料涂层位于阴极极片的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段的宽度较大，相应地与第一端部段在卷绕方向上平齐的阴极活性物质涂层的宽度较小；或者，第二绝缘材料涂层位于阳极极片的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二端部段的宽度较小，相应地与第二端部段在卷绕方向上平齐的阳极活性物质涂层的宽度较大，电极组件的沿卷绕方向的端部阳极极片的阳极活性物质的宽度与阴极极片的阴极活性物质的宽度的差值增大，因此，即使极片的沿卷绕方向的端部出现褶皱或一定的偏移时，仍能保证阳极活性物质的宽度方向的边缘和阴极活性物质的边缘之间的距离，也即阳极极片的阳极活性物质超出阴极极片的阴极活性物质的尺寸，改善了相关技术中存在的因阳极极片的阳极活性物质超出阴极极片的阴极活性物质的尺寸达不到要求而影响电池的性能的问题。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种用电装置的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图3示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电池单体的结构示意图；以及
图4示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种将极片卷绕成电极组件的结构意示意图；
图5示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电极组件的阴极极片的结构示意图；
图6示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电极组件的阴极极片的结构示意图；
图7示出了本申请的一些实施例的电极组件的对比例的结构示意图；
图8示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电极组件的结构示意图；
图9示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的卷绕电极组件原理的示意图；
图10示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的卷绕后电极组件的结构示意图；
图11示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的卷绕后的电极组件的分解图；
图12示出了本申请的另一些实施例公开的卷绕后的电极组件的分解图；
图13示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电极组件的阳极极片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
进一步地，本申请所公开的“范围”以下限和上限的形式来限定，给定范围是通过选定一个下限和一个上限进行限定的，选定的下限和上限限定了特别范围的边界。这种方式进行限定的范围可以是包括端值或不包括端值的，并且可以进行任意地组合，即任何下限可以与任何上限组合形成一个范围。例如，如果针对特定参数列出了60-120和80-110的范围，理解为60-110和80-120的范围也是预料到的。此外，如果列出的最小范围值1和2，和如果列出了最大范围值3，4和5，则下面的范围可全部预料到：1-3、1-4、1-5、2-3、2-4和2-5。在本申请中，除非有其他说明，数值范围“a-b”表示a到b之间的任意实数组合的缩略表示，其中a和b都是实数。例如数值范围“0-5”表示本文中已经全部列出了“0-5”之间的全部实数，“0-5”只是这些数值组合的缩略表示。另外，当表述某个参数为≥2的整数，则相当于公开了该参数为例如整数2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12等。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有实施方式以及可选实施方式可以相互组合形成新的技术方案。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有技术特征以及可选技术特征可以相互组合形成新的技术方案。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有步骤可以顺序进行，也可以随机进行，优选是顺序进行的。例如，所述方法包括步骤(a)和(b)，表示所述方法可包括顺序进行的步骤(a)和(b)，也可以包括顺序进行的步骤(b)和(a)。例如，所述提到所述方法还可包括步骤(c)，表示步骤(c)可以任意顺序加入到所述方法，例如，所述方法可以包括步骤(a)、(b)和(c)，也可包括步骤(a)、(c)和(b)，也可以包括步骤(c)、(a)和(b)等。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请所提到的“包括”和“包含”表示开放式，也可以是封闭式。例如，所述“包括”和“包含”可以表示还可以包括或包含没有列出的其他组分，也可以仅包括或包含列出的组分。
如果没有特别的说明，在本申请中，术语“或”是包括性的。举例来说，短语“A或B”表示“A，B，或A和B两者”。更具体地，以下任一条件均满足条件“A或B”：A为真(或存在)并且B为假(或不存在)；A为假(或不存在)而B为真(或存在)；或A和B都为真(或存在)。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
图1示出了一种采用电池作为动力源的用电装置的结构示意图；如图1所示，本实施例的用电装置包括车辆1000，该车辆1000可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池包100，电池包100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池包100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池包100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池包100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池包100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池包100的爆炸图。电池包100包括箱体110和设在箱体110内的电池模块，电池模块包括多个电池单体120，电池单体120容纳于箱体110内。其中，箱体110用于为电池单体120提供容纳空间，箱体110可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体110可以包括第一部分111和第二部分112，第一部分111与第二部分112相互盖合，第一部分111和第二部分112共同限定出用于容纳电池单体120的容纳空间。第二部分112可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分111可以为板状结构，第一部分111盖合于第二部分112的开口侧，以使第一部分111与第二部分112共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分111和第二部分112也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分111的开口侧盖合于第二部分112的开口侧。当然，第一部分111和第二部分112形成的箱体110可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池包100中，电池单体120可以是多个，多个电池单体120之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体120中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体120之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体120构成的整体容纳于箱体110内；当然，电池包100也可以是多个电池单体120先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体110内。电池包100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池包100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体120之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体120可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体120可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体120的分解结构示意图。电池单体120是指组成电池包100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体120包括有端盖121、壳体122、电芯组件123(也被称为电极组件)以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖121是指盖合于壳体122的开口处以将电池单体120的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖121的形状可以与壳体122的形状相适应以配合壳体122。可选地，端盖121可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质如铝合金制成，这样，端盖121在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体120能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖121上可以设置有如电极端子121a等的功能性部件。电极端子121a可以用于与电芯组件123电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体120的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖121上还可以设置有用于在电池单体120的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖121的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体122内的电连接部件与端盖121，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体122是用于配合端盖121以形成电池单体120的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件123、电解液以及其他部件。壳体122和端盖121可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体122上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖121盖合开口以形成电池单体120的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖121和壳体122一体化，具体地，端盖121和壳体122可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体122的内部时，再使端盖121盖合壳体122。壳体122可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体122的形状可以根据电芯组件123的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体122的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电芯组件123是电池单体100中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体122内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件123。电芯组件123主要由极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，其中，极片包括正极片和负极片，通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。
极片主要包括薄片状的集流体和涂敷在集流体上的活性物质构成。正极片(阴极极片)和负极片(阳极极片)具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳123a。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池包100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳123a连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
参见图4，在将阴极极片10和阳极极片20向卷针50缠绕的过程中，阴极极片10和阳极极片20分别向卷针50运动，从而使阴极极片10和阳极极片20层叠地缠绕在卷针50上以形成电极组件。阴极极片10和阳极极片20之间还设置有绝缘材质的隔膜。阴极极片10和阳极极片20的卷绕方向与其长度方向一致，阴极极片10和阳极极片20的宽度方向与卷绕轴向一致。
在形成一个电极组件后，阴极极片10和阳极极片20分别被切刀30切断，在极片(极片包括阴极极片10和阳极极片20)被切断后，已卷绕的电极组件的极片因无张力使其保持紧绷，电极组件的极片的尾端处于松弛状态。待卷绕的下一个电极组件的首端也因无张力保持紧绷而处于松弛状态。阴极极片10和阳极极片20分别相对应地设置有纠偏辊40，以保证阴极极片10和阳极极片20沿卷针50的轴向上的位置。
综上所示，电极组件在卷绕的过程中，极片的尾端和首端均有处于松弛状态的过程，极片处于松弛状态下，极片有可能沿其卷绕轴向极片的宽度方向褶皱或移位，从而导致阳极极片的阳极活性物质超出阴极极片的阴极活性物质的尺寸(overhang，简称OH)难于达到预定要求。在一些实施例中，通过加宽阳极极片的宽度来保证阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸，那么会导致电池在阳极极片在卷绕轴向上尺寸的增加。
为了改善上述的问题，本实施例提供了一种电极组件，电极组件包括阴极极片10和与阴极极片10叠置的阳极极片20，参见图5和图6，本实施例的阴极极片包括阴极集流体1、阴极活性物质涂层2和第一绝缘材料涂层3。
第一绝缘材料涂层3设于阴极活性物质涂层2沿卷绕轴向的一侧；第一绝缘材料涂层3包括位于第一绝缘材料涂层3的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段31和位于第一绝缘材料涂层3的沿卷绕方向的中部的第一中部段32。沿卷绕轴向第一端部段31的尺寸大于第一中部段32的尺寸。
阴极活性物质涂层2设在阴极集流体1的表面上。第一绝缘材料涂层3与阴极活性物质涂层2设在阴极集流体1的同一表面上并与阴极活性物质涂层2沿卷绕轴向并排布置。
阴极活性物质涂层2包括位于活性物涂层2的沿卷绕方向的端部的第三端部段21和位于阴极活性物质涂层2的沿卷绕方向的中部的第三中部段22，第三端部段21与第一端部段31相对设置，第三中部段22与第一中部段32相对设置。
第三端部段21与第一端部段31在卷绕方向上平齐，并且第三端部段21与第一端部段31在卷绕轴向上相连。第三中部段22与第一中部段32在卷绕方向上平齐，并且第三中部段22与第一中部段32在卷绕轴向上相连。在第一绝缘材料涂层3的宽度较窄第一中部段32，将阴极活性物质涂层2的宽度尽量增大，以保证电极组件的储能量。
第一绝缘材料涂层3位于阴极极片10的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段31的宽度较大，相应地与第一绝缘材料涂层3的第一端部段31在阴极极片10上卷绕方向上平齐的阴极活性物质涂层2的第三端部段21宽度较小，即使极片的沿卷绕方向的端部出现褶皱或一定的偏移时，仍能保证阳极活性物质的宽度方向的边缘和阴极活性物质的边缘之间的距离，因此有利于满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸，改善了相关技术中存在的因阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸达不到要求而影响电池的性能的问题。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘材料涂层3包括分别位于卷绕方向的两端的两个第一端部段31，第一中部段32位于两个第一端部段31之间。阴极极片10的阴极集流体1的两端分别为电极组件卷绕过程的首端和尾端，第一绝缘材料涂层3的分别位于卷绕方向的两端的两个第一端部段31均较宽，因此，有利于使得在极片的首端和尾端均能满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘材料涂层3的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料，在一些实施例中，陶瓷绝缘材料包括AT11。陶瓷绝缘材料具有高温耐性以在电池温度过高时保持绝缘性能；陶瓷绝缘材料具有优良的耐腐蚀性，以防止被电解液腐蚀失去绝缘性能，有利于提高电池的寿命。进一步地，陶瓷绝缘材料还具有优良的耐磨损性能，有利于防止在极片缠绕的过程中失效。
在一些实施例中，阴极活性物质涂层2和第一绝缘材料涂层3在卷绕轴向上依次相连，阴极活性物质涂层2的端部与第一端部段31相连，阴极活性物质涂层2的中部与第一中部段32相连，阴极活性物质涂层2中部的宽度大于阴极活性物质涂层2的端部的宽度。阴极活性物质涂层2中部的长度与第一绝缘材料涂层3的宽度较窄第一中部段32的长度相同。在第一绝缘材料涂层3的宽度较窄第一中部段32，将阴极活性物质涂层2的宽度尽量增大，以保证电极组件的储能量。
在一些实施例中，阴极集流体1包括阴极集流体本体11和设在阴极集流体本体11的沿卷绕轴向的一端的阴极极耳12，第一绝缘材料涂层3设在阴极集流体本体11的在卷绕轴向上靠近阴极极耳12的一端。
在一些实施例中，阴极集流体1包括沿卷绕方向布置的多个阴极极耳12，第一绝缘材料涂层3的第一端部段31的沿卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个阴极极耳12，第一端部段31设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，第一端部段31的长度为0至200mm。在一些实施例中，第一端部段31的长度为5至20。具体地，第一端部段31的长度为10。第一端部段31设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，第一端部段31沿卷绕轴向的尺寸与第一中部段32的尺寸的差值为L，其中0.1mm≤L≤0.9mm。在一些实施例中，差值L的值为0.5mm。第一端部段31设置为足够的宽度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
参见图9，在形成电极组件的过程中，在将阴极极片10、阳极极片20和隔膜60分别向卷针50缠绕的过程中，阴极极片10、阳极极片20和隔膜60分别向卷针50运动，从而使阴极极片10、隔膜60和阳极极片20层叠地缠绕在卷针50上以形成电极组件。阴极极片10和阳极极片20之间还设置有绝缘材质的隔膜。
图10示出了卷绕成型后的电极组件的结构示意图，图11示出了成型后的电极组件的分解图。结合图10和图11所示，第一中部段32和第一端部段31的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶33。第一端部段31邻近第一中部段32一侧的沿卷绕轴向的侧边与第一中部段32沿卷绕方向的侧边之间夹角为直角，参见图5和图10至11。在涂布第一绝缘材料涂层3的过程中，第一中部段32和第一端部段31交界处只需改变涂布工具的宽度即可，有利于降低加工难度、提高加工效率。
图12示出了另一些实施例的电极组件的分解图，在另一些实施例中，第一绝缘材料涂层3还包括设在中间段31和第一端部段32之间的第一过渡段34，第一过渡段34的宽度由第一端部段32至中间段31逐渐减小。
第一过渡段34能起到逐渐地减小阴极极片的活性物质与阳极极片的活性物质的宽度的作用，有利于保证满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
根据本公开的另一方面，还提供了一种上述的电极组件的制造方法，制造方法包括：
阴极极片的制造方法：加大位于阴极集流体1的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一绝缘材料涂层3的尺寸，以使第一端部段31沿阴极集流体1的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸大于第一中部段32的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸；加长阴极极片10的长度，以保持或增大电极组件的蓄能量，弥补了阳极极片的端部的绝缘层较宽而带来的蓄能量减小的损失。
阳极极片的制造方法：减小位于所述阳极集流体4的沿所述卷绕方向的端部的第二绝缘材料涂层6的尺寸，以使所述第二端部段61沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸小于所述第二中部段62的沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸；阴极极片10的沿卷绕方向的尺寸，以增大电极组件的蓄能量。
图7示出了本申请的一个对比例的电极组件的结构示意图，在该对比例中，电极组件的阴极极片的第一绝缘材料涂层3的端部做了加宽形成上述的第一端部段31。在该对比例中，电极组件的阴极极片10和阳极极片20的长度均为加长。在电极组件的一端因缠绕极片而形成的半圆型中，阴极极片10的靠近其尾端的一段为上述的半圆形的弧度的四分之一。阳极极片的靠近其尾端的一段为上述的半圆形的弧度的二分之一。
由于阴极极片的第一绝缘材料涂层3的第一端部段31进行了加宽，因此阴极活性物质涂层2的端部变窄，为了解决由此带来的电极组件的容量的损失，增加了阴极极片10的长度，参见图8，增加长度后的阴极极片10的靠近其尾端的一段为上述的半圆型的弧度的二分之一。阳极极片的靠近其尾端的一段为上述的半圆形的弧度的四分之三。
电极组件包括上述的阴极极片10、与阴极极片10叠置的阳极极片20和设在阴极极片10和阳极极片20之间绝缘隔膜60。
在一些实施例中，阴极极片10、阳极极片20和绝缘隔膜60卷绕成筒状，第一端部段31的长度为卷绕半圈至两圈的长度。卷绕一圈为极片卷绕至在电极组件的周向上与极片的卷绕起始端同一角度，也即卷绕一圈为在电极组件的周向上延伸360度，半圈为在电极组件的周向上延伸180度。在一些实施例中，第一绝缘材料涂层3的第一端部段31长度为卷绕一圈半的长度极片每缠绕一圈弯折两次，一圈半也即三折。
在本实施例中，通过在阴极极片10的第一绝缘材料涂层3的沿阴极集流体1卷绕方向的尾端或首端设置沿卷绕轴向的尺寸较大的第一端部段31，第一端部段31的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸与第一中部段32的尺寸的差值L为0.5±0.4mm，因此在极片的首端或尾端处于松弛状态时也能满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
进一步地，阴极极片的首端和尾端的阴极活性物质涂层2沿卷绕轴向的尺寸比中部小0.5±0.4mm。为了不降低电极组件的容量，增加了电极组件的阴极极片的长度，阴极极片10的靠近其尾端的一段由原来的占上述的半圆形的弧度的四分之一延长至占二分之一。可通过大功率的X-RAYX射线检测设备有效检测极片的尾端的阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸，防止出现漏检的情况。
图13示出了本申请的一些实施例的电极组件的阳极极片的结构示意图，如图13所示，阳极极片20包括阳极集流体4、设在阳极集流体4的表面上的阳极活性物质涂层5和设于阳极活性物质涂层5沿卷绕轴向的一侧的第二绝缘材料涂层6；第二绝缘材料涂层6包括位于第二绝缘材料涂层6的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二端部段61和位于第二绝缘材料涂层6的沿卷绕方向的中部的第二中部段62，其中沿卷绕轴向第二端部段61的尺寸小于第二中部段62的尺寸。
第二绝缘材料涂层6位于阳极极片的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二端部段61的宽度较小，相应地与第二端部段61在卷绕方向上平齐的阳极活性物质涂层的宽度较大，电极组件的沿卷绕方向的端部阳极极片的阳极活性物质的宽度与阴极极片10的阴极活性物质的宽度的差值增大，因此，即使极片的沿卷绕方向的端部出现褶皱或一定的偏移时，仍能保证阳极活性物质的宽度方向的边缘和阴极活性物质的边缘之间的距离，也即阳极极片20的阳极活性物质超出阴极极片的阴极活性物质的尺寸，改善了相关技术中存在的因阳极极片20的阳极活性物质超出阴极极片的阴极活性物质的尺寸达不到要求而影响电池的性能的问题。
卷绕方向的端部所述阳极活性物质层5超出所述阴极活性物质层2的尺寸不小于在所述卷绕方向的中部所述阳极活性物质层5超出所述阴极活性物质层2的尺寸，满足了阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸的要求，以保证电极组件的性能。
第二绝缘材料涂层6包括分别位于阴极集流体1的卷绕方向的两端的两个第二端部段61，第二中部段62位于两个第二端部段61之间。阳极极片20的阳极集流体1的两端分别为电极组件卷绕过程的首端和尾端，第二绝缘材料涂层6的分别位于卷绕方向的两端的两个第二端部段61均较宽，因此，有利于使得在极片的首端和尾端均能满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘材料涂层6的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料。在一些实施例中，陶瓷绝缘材料包括AT11。陶瓷绝缘材料具有高温耐性以在电池温度过高时保持绝缘性能；陶瓷绝缘材料具有优良的耐腐蚀性，以防止被电解液腐蚀失去绝缘性能，有利于提高电池的寿命。进一步地，陶瓷绝缘材料还具有优良的耐磨损性能，有利于防止在极片缠绕的过程中失效。
阳极活性物质涂层5包括位于阳极活性物涂层5的沿卷绕方向的端部的第四端部段51和位于阳极活性物质涂层5的沿卷绕方向的中部的第四中部段52，第四端部段51与第二端部段61相对设置，第四中部段52与第二中部段62相对设置。
阳极活性物质涂层5和第二绝缘材料涂层6在卷绕轴向上依次相连，阳极活性物质涂层5的端部与第二端部段61相连，阳极活性物质涂层5的中部与第二中部段62相连，阳极活性物质涂层5中部的宽度大于阳极活性物质涂层5的端部的宽度。阳极活性物质涂层5中部的长度与第二绝缘材料涂层6的宽度较窄第二中部段62的长度相同。在第二绝缘材料涂层6的宽度较窄第二中部段62，将阳极活性物质涂层5的宽度尽量增大，以保证电极组件的储能量。
阳极集流体4包括阳极集流体本体41和设在阳极集流体本体41的沿阳极集流体4的卷绕轴向的一端的阳极极耳42，第二绝缘材料涂层6设在阳极集流体本体41的在卷绕轴向上靠近阳极极耳42的一端。
阳极集流体4包括沿卷绕方向布置的多个阳极极耳42，第二绝缘材料涂层6的第二端部段61的沿卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个阳极极耳42。
在一些实施例中，阳极集流体4包括沿卷绕方向布置的多个阴极极耳42，第二绝缘材料涂层6的第二端部段61的沿卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个阳极极耳42，第二端部段61设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
第二端部段61沿卷绕轴向的尺寸与中部段32的尺寸的差值为L1，其中0.1mm≤L1≤0.9mm。在一些实施例中，差值L1的值为0.5mm。第二端部段61设置为足够的宽度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
第二端部段61和第二中部段62的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶63。在涂布第二绝缘材料涂层6的过程中，第二中部段62和第二端部段61交界处只需改变涂布工具的宽度即可，有利于降低加工难度、提高加工效率。
第二绝缘材料涂层6还包括设在第二中部段62和第二端部段61之间的第二过渡段，第二过渡段的沿卷绕轴向的尺寸由第二端部段61至第二中部段62逐渐增大。第二过渡段能起到逐渐地减小阴极极片的活性物质与阳极极片的活性物质的宽度的作用，有利于保证满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
第二端部段61的长度为0至200mm。在一些实施例中，第二端部段61的长度为5至20。具体地，第二端部段61的长度为10。第二端部段61设置为足够的长度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
第二端部段61的长度为半圈至两圈。第二端部段61设置为足够的宽度，以保证在易褶皱的阴极极片的端部满足阳极极片的活性物质超出阴极极片的活性物质的尺寸。
以上仅为本公开的示例性实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括阴极极片(10)和与所述阴极极片(10)叠置的阳极极片(20)，
    所述阴极极片(10)包括阴极集流体(1)、设在所述阴极集流体(1)的表面上的阴极活性物质涂层(2)和设于所述阴极活性物质涂层(2)沿卷绕轴向的一侧的第一绝缘材料涂层(3)；所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)包括位于所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的沿卷绕方向的端部的第一端部段(31)和位于所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的沿所述卷绕方向的中部的第一中部段(32)，其中沿卷绕轴向所述第一端部段(31)的尺寸大于所述第一中部段(32)的尺寸；和/或
    所述阳极极片(20)包括阳极集流体(4)、设在所述阳极集流体(4)的表面上的阳极活性物质涂层(5)和设于所述阳极活性物质涂层(5)沿卷绕轴向的一侧的第二绝缘材料涂层(6)；所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)包括位于所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)的沿卷绕方向的端部的第二端部段(61)和位于第二绝缘材料涂层(6)的沿所述卷绕方向的中部的第二中部段(62)，其中沿卷绕轴向所述第二端部段(61)的尺寸小于所述第二中部段(62)的尺寸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)包括分别位于所述阴极集流体(1)的卷绕方向的两端的两个所述第一端部段(31)，所述第一中部段(32)位于两个所述第一端部段(31)之间；和/或
    所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)包括分别位于所述阴极集流体(1)的卷绕方向的两端的两个所述第二端部段(61)，所述第二中部段(62)位于两个所述第二端部段(61)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料；和/或
    所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)的材质包括陶瓷绝缘材料。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述阴极活性物质涂层(2)包括位于所述阴极活性物涂层(2)的沿所述卷绕方向的端部的第三端部段(21)和位于所述阴极活性物质涂层(2)的沿卷绕方向的中部的第三中部段(22)，所述第三端部段(21)与所述第一端部段(31)相对设置，所述第三中部段(22)与所述第一中部段(32)相对设置；和/或
    所述阳极活性物质涂层(5)包括位于所述阳极活性物涂层(5)的沿所述卷绕方向的端部的第四端部段(51)和位于所述阳极活性物质涂层(5)的沿卷绕方向的中部的第四中部段(52)，所述第四端部段(51)与所述第二端部段(61)相对设置，所述第四中部段(52)与所述第二中部段(62)相对设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述阴极集流体(1)包括阴极集流体本体(11)和设在所述阴极集流体本体(11)的沿所述阴极集流体(1)的卷绕轴向的一端的阴极极耳(12)，所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)设在所述阴极集流体本体(11)的在所述卷绕轴向上靠近所述阴极极耳(12)的一端；和/或
    所述阳极集流体(4)包括阳极集流体本体(41)和设在所述阳极集流体本体(41)的沿所述阳极集流体(4)的卷绕轴向的一端的阳极极耳(42)，所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)设在所述阳极集流体本体(41)的在所述卷绕轴向上靠近所述阳极极耳(42)的一端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述阴极集流体(1)包括沿所述卷绕方向布置的多个阴极极耳(12)，所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的第一端部段(31)的沿所述卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个所述阴极极耳(12)；和/或
    所述阳极集流体(4)包括沿所述卷绕方向布置的多个阳极极耳(42)，所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)的第二端部段(61)的沿所述卷绕方向的两端之间具有一个或两个所述阳极极耳(42)。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一端部段(31)沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸与所述中部段(32)的尺寸的差值为L，其中0.1mm≤L≤0.9mm；和/或
    所述第二端部段(61)沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸与所述中部段(32)的尺寸的差值为L1，其中0.1mm≤L1≤0.9mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一端部段(31)和所述第一中部段(32)的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶(33)；和/或
    所述第二端部段(61)和所述第二中部段(62)的交界处尺寸突变并形成过渡台阶(63)。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一绝缘材料涂层(3)还包括设在所述第一中部段(32)和第一端部段(31)之间的第一过渡段(34)，所述第一过渡段(34)的沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸由所述第一端部段(31)至所述第一中部段(32)逐渐减小；和/或
    所述第二绝缘材料涂层(6)还包括设在所述第二中部段(62)和第二端部段(61)之间的第二过渡段，所述第二过渡段的沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸由所述第二端部段(61)至所述第二中部段(62)逐渐增大。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一端部段(31)的长度为0至200mm；和/或
    所述第二端部段(61)的长度为0至200mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电极组件，其中所述阴极极片(10)和所述阳极极片(20)卷绕成筒状，
    所述第一端部段(31)的长度为半圈至两圈；和/或
    所述第二端部段(61)的长度为半圈至两圈。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电极组件，其中在所述卷绕方向的端部所述阳极活性物质层(5)超出所述阴极活性物质层(2)的尺寸不小于在所述卷绕方向的中部所述阳极活性物质层(5)超出所述阴极活性物质层(2)的尺寸。
  13. 一种权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电极组件的制造方法，包括：
    加大位于所述阴极集流体(1)的沿所述卷绕方向的端部的第一绝缘材料涂层(3)的尺寸，以使所述第一端部段(31)沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸大于所述第一中部段(32)的沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸；和/或，减小位于所述阳极集流体(4)的沿所述卷绕方向的端部的第二绝缘材料涂层(6)的尺寸，以使所述第二端部段(61)沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸小于所述第二中部段(62)的沿所述卷绕轴向的尺寸；
    加长所述阴极极片(10)的沿卷绕方向的尺寸；和/或，加长所述阴极极片(10)的沿卷绕方向的尺寸。
  14. 一种电池单体，包括权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电极组件。
  15. 一种电池，包括权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电极组件。
  16. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求15所述的电池。
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