WO2025166757A1 - 同步方法以及装置 - Google Patents
同步方法以及装置Info
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- WO2025166757A1 WO2025166757A1 PCT/CN2024/077015 CN2024077015W WO2025166757A1 WO 2025166757 A1 WO2025166757 A1 WO 2025166757A1 CN 2024077015 W CN2024077015 W CN 2024077015W WO 2025166757 A1 WO2025166757 A1 WO 2025166757A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies.
- the inventors discovered that among the vast number of IoT devices, cellular mobile communication systems still lack a large number of lower-cost IoT terminal devices. To provide more robust, reliable, and complete IoT application solutions, supporting lower-cost IoT terminal devices within the 3GPP cellular mobile system has become a pressing issue.
- a synchronization method including:
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- the terminal device sends a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- a receiving unit configured to receive a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of a terminal device;
- a sending unit sends a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- the network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- the network device receives a second signal at a second frequency, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- a synchronization device including:
- a sending unit configured to send a first signal at a first frequency, wherein the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of a terminal device;
- a receiving unit receives a second signal at a second frequency, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- a communication system including:
- a network device which sends a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal including a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, the first signal being used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of a terminal device; and receives a second signal at a second frequency;
- a terminal device that receives the first signal at the first frequency and sends the second signal at the second frequency at least based on the first signal; the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal including a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and transmits a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal. This enables synchronization between a low-cost device and a network device, effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the terminal device.
- FIG3 is another schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish different elements from the name, but do not indicate the spatial arrangement or temporal order of these elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms.
- the term “and/or” includes any one and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
- the terms “comprising”, “including”, “having”, etc. refer to the presence of the stated features, elements, components or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components or components.
- the term “communication network” or “wireless communication network” may refer to a network that complies with any of the following communication standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), enhanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), etc.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- LTE-A enhanced Long Term Evolution
- WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
- HSPA High-Speed Packet Access
- communication between devices in the communication system may be carried out according to communication protocols of any stage, such as but not limited to the following communication protocols: 1G (generation), 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G and 5G, New Radio (NR), future 6G, etc., and/or other communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
- 1G generation
- 2G 2.5G
- 2.75G 3G
- 4G 4G
- 4.5G and 5G 3G
- NR New Radio
- future 6G etc.
- communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
- terminal devices may include but are not limited to the following devices: cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, wireless communication devices, handheld devices, machine-type communication devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, smart phones, smart watches, digital cameras, tags, and devices attached to or related to objects, etc.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- wireless modems wireless communication devices
- handheld devices machine-type communication devices
- laptop computers cordless phones
- smart phones smart watches
- digital cameras digital cameras
- tags and devices attached to or related to objects, etc.
- the terminal device can also be a machine, device, or equipment used for monitoring, measurement, or item management, including but not limited to: machine type communication (MTC) terminals, vehicle-mounted communication terminals, device-to-device (D2D) terminals, machine-to-machine (M2M) terminals, ambient IoT (AIoT) devices, etc.
- MTC machine type communication
- D2D device-to-device
- M2M machine-to-machine
- AIoT ambient IoT
- network side or “network device side” refers to one side of the network, which can be a base station or one or more network devices as described above.
- user side or “terminal side” or “terminal device side” refers to the user or terminal side, which can be a UE or one or more terminal devices as described above.
- device can refer to either network equipment or terminal equipment.
- RFID systems are a solution for the massive and cost-effective deployment of IoT devices. They are widely used. Their advantages include low tag costs and affordability. RFID tags are small, limiting the size and material of the items they can be used on, making them suitable for various scenarios such as item management and tracking. Despite their low tag costs, the deployment and operating costs of RFID systems are higher than those of wide-area commercial networks. Deployment is typically localized, using dedicated networks, making it difficult to effectively distribute deployment costs. Regarding usage, if manual handheld tag readers are used, labor costs can become a major expense and are difficult to reduce. Using dedicated RFID ports or gateways to read and manage tags significantly increases deployment costs. Furthermore, RFID systems have a simple logical architecture and loose radio resource management, making it difficult to effectively manage interference from radio wave transmissions. Consequently, RFID systems generally have low system capacity and spectrum efficiency.
- 5G systems as an example, they provide reliable authentication, network coordination, and accurate and stable terminal device management mechanisms. These systems can safely and effectively reduce labor costs, thereby lowering the cost of using this type of IoT. They can also optimize the network to increase system capacity and spectrum efficiency. These reductions in deployment and operating costs will effectively promote the application of these IoT devices in business management and industrial manufacturing, accelerating the digitalization of these industries, improving production efficiency, and ultimately promoting social development.
- tag-type terminal devices As a new type of IoT terminal in 5G systems, tag-type terminal devices (Ambient IoT devices, or AIoT devices) are severely cost-constrained. Their hardware capabilities are significantly weaker than those of standard smartphones and other IoT devices supported by existing cellular mobile communication systems. For example, tag-type terminal devices may lack a stable power supply (e.g., using ambient energy harvesting instead of conventional batteries), have narrow bandwidth, and their internal crystal oscillators, due to cost constraints, have limited accuracy and large errors, as well as limited signal processing capabilities.
- a stable power supply e.g., using ambient energy harvesting instead of conventional batteries
- the intermediate node can be a terminal device, UE, or a network node, such as a relay, IAB node, repeater, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.
- the intermediate node has the function of communicating with the network device in Figure 2.
- the auxiliary node has the function of communicating with the network device in Figure 3, and at least has the ability to send signals to and receive signals from AIoT devices.
- the sending of signals to and receiving signals from AIoT devices mentioned here complies with the provisions and descriptions of AIoT devices in the communication standard protocol.
- an AIoT device when an AIoT device sends a signal/information to a network device, or when a network device receives a signal/information from an AIoT device, the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it directly, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it via an intermediate node, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it with the help of an auxiliary node, or the AIoT device may send the signal and the network device may receive it through other methods. Unless otherwise specified, the present application is not limited to this.
- the cell ID is obtained by the terminal device through the detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). Therefore, the number of cell IDs is related to the number of PSS signal sequences and SSS signal sequences.
- the existing 5G NR system has 1008 physical cell IDs, and the LTE system has 504 physical cell IDs.
- the terminal device determines the sequences corresponding to the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) during the detection process, it calculates the physical ID of the corresponding cell based on the corresponding parameters of the sequence. Since AIoT devices are extremely simple and it is difficult for them to have the ability to process long sequences and complex sequences, the synchronization signals in the existing 5G NR system are difficult to apply to AIoT devices.
- the RFID system since it relies on the symbol length to carry bit information, its synchronization signal is only used for the tag to calibrate the symbol length, so as to determine the hard decision threshold used when it subsequently receives the symbol used to carry data.
- the reader does not assign an ID to the tag, but only uses a temporary ID during communication and then releases it.
- the tag only verifies the reader's authority when the reader performs read and write operations on it, and does not distinguish between one reader and another. If such a loose communication mechanism is applied to the AIoT system under the background of 5G NR, it may lead to AIoT terminal devices. Unable to identify network systems.
- an AIoT terminal device When an AIoT terminal device receives signals from more than one network device at the same time, it cannot distinguish between the network devices. This is inconsistent with the highly secure network architecture of the 5G NR system, is not conducive to network deployment and terminal device management, and makes it more difficult to improve the efficiency of wireless resource utilization.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, which is described from the perspective of a terminal device.
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device.
- the terminal device sends a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- the first signal is composed of a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal.
- the first sub-signal is at least used by the terminal device to identify the first signal in the time domain.
- the first sub-signal can be sent alone, and after the terminal device receives the first sub-signal, there may or may not be a second sub-signal; or, the first sub-signal cannot be sent alone, and after the terminal device receives the first sub-signal, there is a second sub-signal.
- the first sub-signal may carry information. In other embodiments, the first sub-signal may not carry information.
- the first sub-signal does not carry information.
- the first sub-signal may be a fixed symbol or waveform.
- the first sub-signal may be a symbol or waveform predefined by a standard protocol. This can improve the terminal device's recognition rate of the first sub-signal.
- the first sub-signal has fixed characteristics, and the terminal device detects the presence or absence of the signal based on these characteristics.
- the first sub-signal does not carry information
- the signal waveform and/or the included time domain symbols are different from the time domain symbols of the second sub-signal and/or the subsequent time domain symbols carrying data information in at least one of the following aspects:
- the waveform is a "symbol” mentioned above, or in other words, a "symbol” can correspond to a waveform in the time domain.
- the first sub-signal does not carry information, which helps to reduce the terminal equipment The computational complexity in synchronization signal detection is reduced and the probability of the terminal device correctly detecting the first signal in the time domain is improved.
- the first sub-signal includes one or more symbols.
- Figure 5 is an example diagram of symbols of a first sub-signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the first sub-signal includes one or more time-domain symbols.
- the first sub-signal includes one or more time-domain symbols, all of which have the same time-domain length.
- the first sub-signal includes one or more time-domain symbols, at least two of which have different time-domain lengths.
- the second sub-signal includes more than one symbol, and reference may also be made to FIG. 5 .
- Figure 6 is an example diagram of the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the upper half of Figure 6, the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal can be continuous in the time domain, or, as shown in the lower half of Figure 6, the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal can be discontinuous in the time domain.
- the first sub-signal does not carry information and is continuous with the second sub-signal. Once the terminal device recognizes the first sub-signal, it can immediately receive the second sub-signal.
- the time domain continuity of the first and second sub-signals helps speed up the terminal device's recognition of the first signal.
- the first sub-signal carries information
- the first and second sub-signals are discontinuous, with a time interval between them.
- This time interval helps reserve sufficient time for the terminal device to receive and process the first sub-signal and obtain the information.
- this time interval can distinguish the first signal from other signals, helping to increase the probability of successful detection of the first signal.
- the first sub-signal and the second sub-signal are schematically described above.
- the first signal will be further described below.
- the terminal device performs timing/time synchronization with the network device through the first signal, including at least one of the following:
- the terminal device determines a sampling clock and/or a sampling start position and/or a sampling frequency for receiving a signal and / or sampling end position;
- the first signal carries at least a first identifier.
- the first identifier corresponds to N bits.
- the first identifier is an identifier related to the network device.
- the first identifier is an identifier of the network device, and/or an identifier of a cell corresponding to the network device, and/or an identifier of the region/site/area where the network device is located.
- a first identifier corresponds to N bits and is carried by a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal.
- the first sub-signal is associated with M bits of the N bits corresponding to the first identifier, where M is less than or equal to N.
- the remaining bits of the N bits except M are carried by the second sub-signal.
- M can be a positive integer, such as 1, 2, etc. M can also be a non-positive integer, for example, M can be log2(3) or log2(5), etc.
- the M bits can be the M bits starting from the most significant bit in the N bits, or the M bits starting from the least significant bit in the N bits, or the middle M bits in the N bits, but the present application is not limited thereto.
- the 2M signals are of equal length in the time domain, and the 2M signals correspond to one or more time domain symbols. In one example, at least two of the time domain symbols corresponding to the 2M signals have unequal time domain lengths. In another example, the length of at least one of the time domain symbols corresponding to the 2M signals is different from the length of a time domain symbol used to carry data.
- the first identifier is the network device identifier and/or the cell identifier corresponding to the network device;
- the symbols included in the second sub-signal for carrying the above information have equal time domain lengths.
- all symbols included in the second sub-signal for carrying the above information have equal time domain lengths.
- the symbols included in the second sub-signal for carrying the above information include symbols with unequal time domain lengths, for example, in order to adapt to the unit length of the existing system time (e.g., 5GNR system) so as to reduce the interference of the AIOT system on the existing 5GNR system and the interference of the existing 5GNR system on the AIOT system.
- the unit length of the existing system time e.g., 5GNR system
- the content carried by the second sub-signal includes a CRC check code, and the length of the CRC check code is Z bits.
- the first sub-signal does not include a CRC check code.
- the second sub-signal includes a string of CRC check bits.
- the string of CRC check bits is used to check all information carried by the second sub-signal.
- the string of CRC check bits is used to check part of the information carried by the second sub-signal.
- the string of check bits is used to check the information carried by the second sub-signal.
- Related information, or the string of CRC check bits is used to check information related to the first identifier, etc. This application is not limited to this.
- the second sub-signal includes more than one string of CRC check bits.
- one string of CRC check bits is used to check information related to the second signal, and another string of CRC check bits is used to check information related to the first identifier.
- the CRC check bits of the second sub-signal are 5 bits, 6 bits, 8 bits, 11 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, etc.
- the first signal (first sub-signal and second sub-signal) is transmitted using a single carrier with a bandwidth significantly narrower than that of existing 5G NR systems, for example, 180 kHz or 100 kHz, although this application is not limited thereto.
- the second sub-signal does not include a pilot. This reduces system overhead and frees up more radio resources for data transmission.
- the second sub-signal includes an end marker, so that the terminal device can more accurately detect the end position of the second sub-signal, thereby increasing the probability of correct demodulation and/or decoding of the entire second sub-signal.
- the second sub-signal does not include an end marker.
- the terminal device and the network device have a consistent understanding of the length, start, and/or end of the second sub-signal, as specified in the protocol standard. This reduces common signal overhead, leaving more wireless resources for data transmission and improving spectrum efficiency.
- At least two symbols among the symbols used to carry information included in the second sub-signal have the same time domain length.
- the second sub-signal includes a portion of the first identifier, or the second The sub-signal includes all of the first identifier.
- the second sub-signal includes at least the bits other than the M bits among the N bits corresponding to the first identifier.
- the second sub-signal further includes the terminal device selection information and/or information related to the sending of the second signal.
- the terminal device selection information is used by the network device to notify the terminal device to send the second signal related to the first signal, or not to send the second signal related to the first signal.
- the terminal device selection information is a selection condition and/or selection parameter, which is used by the terminal device to determine whether to send the second signal related to the first signal, or not to send the second signal related to the first signal.
- the terminal device selection information includes at least one of the following:
- Terminal device selection identifier
- Terminal equipment inventory identification
- the terminal device identifier includes, for example, a second identifier, second identification information, an inherent ID of the terminal device, and an ID configured/allocated/specified by the network device for the terminal device.
- the first signal carries the terminal device identifier, and the terminal device corresponding to the indicated terminal device identifier is selected or not selected.
- the terminal device compares the terminal device identifier carried by the first signal with its own terminal device identifier to determine whether it is selected or not. If the terminal device determines that it has been selected, the terminal device generates and sends the second information. If the terminal device determines that it has not been selected, it does not generate or send the second information.
- the parameters/attributes of the terminal device include, for example: the business type of the terminal device, information about the goods or items attached to/related to the terminal device, the capability parameters of the terminal device, the types of services supported by the terminal device, etc.
- the first signal carries the parameters/attributes of the terminal device, and the terminal device corresponding to the indicated parameters/attributes is selected or not selected.
- the terminal device compares the parameters/attributes carried by the first signal with its own parameters/attributes to determine whether it is selected or not.
- the terminal device determines that it is selected, and the terminal device generates a If the terminal device determines that it has not been selected, it does not generate or send the second information.
- the network device and/or the network can maintain one or more processes (session) or processes with the terminal device.
- a process corresponds to a service type or command type, for example, a process corresponds to a location information-related command or service, a process corresponds to a memory read and write-related command or service, a process corresponds to an inventory-related command or service, a process corresponds to an authentication-related security-related command, and so on.
- the first signal carries the process number of the terminal device, and the terminal device with the indicated process number is selected or not selected.
- the terminal device compares the process number carried by the first signal with its own process number to determine whether it is selected or not.
- the terminal device determines that it is selected, and the terminal device generates and sends the second information. If the terminal device determines that it is not selected, it does not generate or send the second information.
- the first signal may also carry a terminal device selection identifier and/or a terminal device inventory identifier.
- the terminal side maintains the selection identifier, and the network device may operate the selection identifier.
- the network device has communicated with the terminal device and/or obtained necessary information from the terminal device.
- the network device commands the terminal device or the terminal device automatically sets the flag to "operated” (for example, the selection identifier can take values such as “operated” or “not operated"), or the network device commands the terminal device or the terminal device automatically flips the flag (for example, the selection identifier is a 1-bit binary number, and flipping indicates that it has been operated).
- the first signal carries information related to the terminal device selection identifier (for example, the value of the terminal device selection identifier, or whether the terminal device selection identifier was flipped in the previous round).
- the terminal device determines whether it has been selected or not in this round based on this information and its own terminal device selection identifier. If the terminal device determines that it has been selected, it generates and sends the second information. If the terminal device determines that it has not been selected, it does not generate or send the second information.
- the terminal device determines whether to generate and send the second information based on one or more of the above parameters.
- the one or more parameters can be carried entirely by the first signal (for example, by one or more first signals), or can be carried partially by the first signal and partially by other signals.
- the information related to the second signal transmission includes at least one of the following information:
- the information related to the second frequency is at least one of the following: a center frequency point, a bandwidth, a starting frequency position, an ending frequency position, etc.
- the time domain resource associated with the second signal may be a time domain resource for the terminal device to send the second signal, or may be a time domain resource available for the terminal device to send the second signal.
- the terminal device determines the time domain resource for sending the second information/second signal based on the time domain resource information.
- the network device indicates a resource, and the terminal device determines that the resource is used to send the second information/second signal.
- the network device indicates one or more available resources, and the terminal device determines a resource from the available resources to send the second information/second signal.
- the information related to the content of the second signal may be the content contained in the second signal/second information indicated by the network device to the terminal device, such as the second identifier of the terminal device, the error code/reason for the previous communication/connection interruption, the power level, the location information, etc.
- the information related to the time domain resource where the second signal is located includes at least one of the following:
- the duration of the second signal (or the length of the time domain resources occupied, or the number of symbols of the second signal, or the number of time domain symbols occupied by the second signal),
- Parameters used by the terminal device to determine time domain resources available for sending the second signal (such as a period, a starting position, an offset, etc.; which can be described in absolute time or in the number of time units),
- a starting position, and/or a duration, and/or an ending position of a time domain resource that can be used for sending the second signal for example, one or more starting positions, one or more durations, one or more ending positions, etc.; can be described in absolute time or in the number of time units);
- Parameters used by the terminal device to select time domain resources for sending the second signal from time domain resources that can be used for sending the second signal for example, parameters or seeds for generating random numbers, which are used to determine the position of the time domain resources for sending the second signal).
- the time domain resources available for sending the second signal are configured/indicated by the network device to the terminal device as one or more time domain resources available for sending the second signal.
- the terminal device determines to send the second signal in the time domain resource according to actual conditions, or The terminal device determines not to send the second signal in the time domain resource based on actual conditions.
- the information related to the second signal sending manner includes at least one of the following:
- the first signal further carries one of the following information:
- the first signal carries a time unit index, or the first signal optionally carries a time unit index.
- AIoT terminal devices with relatively high hardware computing and storage capabilities for example, AIoT terminal devices capable of independently generating a second signal and other signals to be sent to a network device
- supporting the first signal to carry a time unit index, or indicating that the first signal optionally carries a time unit index can provide network devices with more flexibility to support more advanced and complex services, thereby enabling the AIoT system to have better forward compatibility.
- the time unit is a symbol, a time slot, a subframe, a frame, etc.
- the first signal may also carry one or more of the following information: parameters related to random access (device inventory), parameters for downlink data transmission, parameters for uplink data transmission parameters related to the downlink control channel, and so on.
- the second signal is schematically described below.
- the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or a signal generated autonomously.
- backscatter can be sent by a network device or an intermediate node or an auxiliary node or a third-party device to send a waveform signal.
- the terminal device modulates the bit information to be sent onto the waveform signal through an adjustment circuit, and sends the modulated signal back to the network device or the intermediate node or the auxiliary node through reflection.
- the first waveform may be a continuous waveform (CW), a carrier waveform (CW), a backscattered/backscattering waveform, an uplink waveform, etc., but the present application is not limited thereto.
- the bandwidth of the first waveform is significantly narrower than the bandwidth of the first signal. For example, the bandwidth is 1 kHz, but the present application is not limited thereto.
- the terminal device sends the second signal by backscattering a first waveform.
- the first waveform is a waveform sent by the network device or a third-party device.
- the terminal device modulates the information to be sent to the network device onto the first waveform by adjusting its backscatter circuit, and then backscatters the modulated first waveform.
- the terminal device receives the first waveform at a second frequency and backscatters the modulated first waveform at the second frequency.
- the terminal device receives the first waveform at a third frequency and backscatters the modulated first waveform at the second frequency.
- the terminal device autonomously generates the second signal and transmits it at the second frequency.
- the terminal device autonomously generates a first waveform and modulates information to be sent to the network device onto the first waveform and transmits it as the second signal at the second frequency.
- the network device After receiving the second signal, the network device does not need to distinguish whether it is sent by the terminal device through backscattering or generated autonomously, and can use a unified receiving algorithm and mechanism to obtain the information carried on the second signal.
- the second signal is used to carry at least second identification information of the terminal device.
- the second identification information is used to identify the terminal device and/or to be used by the network device to identify the terminal device.
- the second identification information is used to identify the terminal device within a range and/or a period of time.
- the second identification information uniquely identifies the terminal device within a range and/or a period of time; in another example, the second identification information uniquely corresponds to the terminal device within a range and/or a period of time; in yet another example, the second identification information has a one-to-one correspondence with the terminal device within a range and/or a period of time.
- the second identification information is at least one of the following: an inherent identifier of the terminal device, or a sequence or identifier generated or selected by the terminal device itself (randomly), or an identifier configured/allocated/specified by a network device for the terminal device, or other information used to identify the terminal device, etc.
- the second identification information is a unique ID of the terminal device, such as a global identifier for electronic devices.
- This ID is written into the terminal device memory before the terminal device leaves the factory and serves as its globally unique long-term identifier.
- the aforementioned one range can be a cell corresponding to the network device and/or the range within which the unique ID is valid, and the aforementioned one time period can be from the time the terminal device leaves the factory until the terminal device is abandoned.
- the second identification information is a sequence or ID generated/selected by the terminal device itself.
- the second identification information is a sequence or ID generated/selected by the terminal device itself randomly or non-randomly.
- the second identification information is a temporary ID generated/selected by the terminal device.
- the temporary ID is an ID generated/selected by the terminal device for temporary use. The temporary ID can subsequently become a formal terminal device identifier or can be replaced by other terminal device identifiers specified by the network device.
- the terminal device when the terminal device is temporarily communicating/talking with the network device, and/or, the terminal device is in the initial random access process or random access process, and/or, the terminal device is in the process of requesting to access the network, and/or, the terminal device is in the process of requesting to resume communication/connection with the network device, the terminal device can use the above-mentioned randomly/autonomously generated/selected sequence or ID as the second identification information.
- the second identification information is a sequence or ID generated/selected by the terminal device itself, and the above range is a cell corresponding to the network device.
- the above range can also be an area defined by the network (which can be the network device or core network or other network device implementation), which can be composed of one or more than one area. It may be composed of a network node, or may be composed of the coverage area of one or more network nodes, or may be composed of the service area of one or more network nodes.
- the second identification information is a sequence or ID generated/selected by the terminal device itself, and the above-mentioned period of time is before the terminal device establishes a connection with the network device, or the above-mentioned period of time is the time when the terminal device is in a temporary communication/dialogue process with the network device.
- the network device does not specify an ID for the terminal device
- the terminal device and the network device use the temporary ID.
- the terminal device generates/selects an ID by itself and notifies the network device for identifying the terminal device. After the temporary communication/dialogue ends/terminates/is aborted, the ID is no longer used to identify the terminal device.
- the terminal device randomly generates/selects another temporary ID again, and the temporary ID may be the same as or different from the previous temporary ID.
- the second identification information is an ID configured/allocated/specified by the network device for the terminal device.
- the above-mentioned one range can be a cell corresponding to the network device.
- the above-mentioned one range can also be an area defined by the network (which can be implemented by the network device or the core network or other network devices), which can be composed of one or more network nodes, or can be composed of the coverage area of one or more network nodes, or can be composed of the service area of one or more network nodes.
- the above-mentioned period of time can start from the ID that the network device previously configured/allocated/specified for the terminal device.
- the terminal device previously obtained the ID in the connection/communication with the network device, and then the connection/communication was interrupted/suspended/paused/terminated. This time, the terminal device sends the second signal to request to resume the connection/communication.
- the terminal device can use the ID configured/allocated/specified by the above-mentioned network device for the terminal device as the second identification information for the network device to identify itself and the corresponding connection/communication.
- the second identification information is represented by L bits, where L is a positive integer, for example, L is 16, 24, 32, 48, etc.
- the terminal device after sending the second information, the terminal device also receives third information from the network device, and the third information is at least used to carry a second identifier, and the second identifier is an identifier assigned/specified by the network device to the terminal device and/or an identifier of the terminal device confirmed by the network device, or the second identifier is an identifier reallocated/specified by the network device to the terminal device and/or an identifier of the terminal device reconfirmed by the network device.
- the third information includes a second identifier, where the second identifier is an identifier assigned/specified by the network device to the terminal device and/or an identifier of the terminal device confirmed by the network device.
- the second identifier is represented by S bits, where S is a positive integer. For example, S is 10, another example is S is 16, and another example is S is 24, 32, or 48. The larger S is, the more terminal devices the ID set supports.
- the valid range of the terminal device ID is a network device, a cell, or a region consisting of several network devices/cells/service areas
- 2S is the maximum number of terminal devices that can be notified within this range.
- S the higher the capability requirements of the network devices in this range. Consequently, due to the increased number of bits, the storage and data processing requirements of the terminal devices are also higher.
- the value of S should be appropriate, for example, 16 or 24.
- the third information also carries information for the terminal device to confirm the second identification information.
- the terminal device can confirm that the third information was sent to it by the network device.
- the third information carrying information for the terminal device to confirm the second identification information facilitates conflict resolution, for example, helping the terminal device and the other terminal device confirm whether the third information is sent to themselves or to the other terminal device.
- the third information explicitly includes part or all of the second identification information, or the third signal used to carry the third information implicitly carries all of the second identification information. This allows the terminal device to determine that it is the receiving terminal device of the third information, or in other words, allows the terminal device to determine that the third information is sent to it by the network device.
- the second identification information is a sequence or bit string of an identifier.
- the third information includes or carries part or all of the sequence or bit string carried by the third signal. For example, part of the bits of the sequence or bit string, such as the first X bits or the last X bits, and for example, the X bits starting from the most significant bit or the X bits starting from the least significant bit, where X is a positive integer, and X is less than or equal to the length of the sequence or bit string of the second identification information, and X is 5, 6, 10, 11, 16, etc.
- the third information is sent in a time domain resource corresponding to the time domain resource of the second information.
- the terminal device may further send fourth information to the network device, where the fourth information is at least used by the terminal device to notify the network device that it has correctly received the third information.
- the second signal and/or the third information and/or the fourth information include CRC check bits.
- the second signal includes a string of CRC check bits.
- the string of CRC check bits is used to verify all information carried by the second signal.
- the string of CRC check bits is used to verify part of the information carried by the second signal.
- the second signal includes more than one string of CRC check bits.
- one string of CRC check bits is used to check a portion of information, and another string of CRC check bits is used to check other information.
- CRC-related features can be found in the above content and will not be repeated here.
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal comprising a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and transmits a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, which is described from the perspective of a network device.
- the embodiment of the second aspect can be combined with the embodiment of the first aspect, and the same contents as the embodiment of the first aspect will not be repeated.
- FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG9 , the method includes:
- a network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of a terminal device.
- the network device receives a second signal at a second frequency, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering of the first waveform or a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- FIG9 above is merely a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto.
- the execution order of the various operations may be appropriately adjusted, and other operations may be added or some operations may be reduced.
- Those skilled in the art may make appropriate modifications based on the above description, and are not limited to the description of FIG9 above.
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal comprising a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and transmits a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization device, which may be, for example, a terminal device, or one or more components or assemblies configured in the terminal device, and the same contents as those in the first and second aspects of the embodiment will not be repeated.
- FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the synchronization device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
- a receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- the first signal carries at least one of the following information: a first identifier, terminal device selection information, and information related to the sending of the second signal.
- the first identifier is a network device identifier and/or a cell identifier corresponding to the network device.
- the first sub-signal includes one or more symbols, and the second sub-signal includes more than one symbol.
- At least one symbol included in the first sub-signal is different from at least one symbol included in the second sub-signal in at least one of the following characteristics:
- the content carried by the second sub-signal includes a CRC check code, and the length of the CRC check code is Z bits.
- the first sub-signal does not include a CRC check code.
- the first identifier corresponds to N bits.
- the first sub-signal is one of 2 M signals
- the terminal device determines the M bits of information in the first identifier based on the first sub-signal.
- the 2 M signals have equal lengths in the time domain, and the 2 M signals correspond to one or more time domain symbols.
- At least one of the time domain symbols corresponding to the 2 M signals has at least one of the following characteristics different from a time domain symbol used to carry data:
- time domain lengths of at least two symbols among the time domain symbols corresponding to the 2 M signals are unequal.
- a length of at least one of the time domain symbols corresponding to the 2 M signals is different from a length of a time domain symbol used to carry data.
- the second sub-signal includes at least the bits other than the M bits among the N bits corresponding to the first identifier.
- At least two symbols among the symbols used to carry information included in the second sub-signal have the same time domain length.
- the terminal device selection information is used by the network device to notify the terminal device to send the second signal related to the first signal, or not to send the second signal related to the first signal.
- the terminal device selection information is a selection condition and/or selection parameter, which is used by the terminal device to determine whether to send the second signal related to the first signal, or not to send the second signal related to the first signal.
- the terminal device selection information includes at least one of the following:
- Terminal device selection identifier
- Terminal equipment inventory identification
- the information related to the second signal sending manner includes at least one of the following:
- the second signal is used to carry at least second identification information of the terminal device, and the second identification information is used to identify the terminal device within a range and/or a period of time.
- the second identification information is the inherent identification of the terminal device, or A sequence or identifier generated or selected by the terminal device itself, or an identifier configured/assigned/specified by a network device for the terminal device.
- the content of the second signal includes a CRC check code
- the length of the CRC check code is Y bits.
- the first sub-signal carries a sequence of binary bits.
- the synchronization device 1000 may also include other components or modules, and for the specific contents of these components or modules, reference may be made to the relevant art.
- FIG10 only illustrates the connection relationship or signal direction between various components or modules.
- various related technologies such as bus connection can be used.
- the above-mentioned components or modules can be implemented by hardware facilities such as processors, memories, transmitters, and receivers; the implementation of this application is not limited to this.
- the present application provides a synchronization device.
- the device may be, for example, a network device, an intermediate node, or an auxiliary node, or may be one or more components or assemblies configured on the network device, the intermediate node, or the auxiliary node.
- the contents that are the same as those in the first to third aspects of the embodiments are not repeated here.
- FIG11 is another schematic diagram of a synchronization device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the synchronization device 1100 includes include:
- a sending unit 1101 is configured to send a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- the receiving unit 1102 receives a second signal at a second frequency, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device through backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- the synchronization device 1100 may also include other components or modules, and for details of these components or modules, reference may be made to related technologies.
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, the first signal comprising a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and transmits a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, and reference may be made to Figures 1 to 3 .
- the contents that are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments will not be repeated.
- the communication system 100 may include at least:
- a terminal device that receives the first signal at the first frequency and sends the second signal at the second frequency at least based on the first signal; the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal generated autonomously by the terminal device.
- the embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device, but the present application is not limited thereto and may also be other devices.
- Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- terminal device 1200 may include a processor 1210 and a memory 1220.
- memory 1220 stores data and programs and is coupled to processor 1210. It should be noted that this diagram is exemplary; other types of structures may be used to supplement or replace this structure to implement telecommunication or other functions.
- the terminal device 1200 may further include a communication module 1230 and may or may not include a power supply. It is worth noting that the terminal device 1200 does not necessarily include all of the components shown in FIG12 , and the aforementioned components are not essential. Furthermore, the terminal device 1200 may also include components not shown in FIG12 , for which reference may be made to existing technologies.
- FIG 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- network device 1300 may include a processor 1310 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU)) and a memory 1320.
- Memory 1320 is coupled to processor 1310.
- Memory 1320 may store various data and may also store an information processing program 1330, which is executed under the control of processor 1310.
- the network device 1300 may further include: a transceiver 1340 and an antenna 1350, etc.
- a transceiver 1340 and an antenna 1350 etc.
- the functions of the above components are similar to those in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. It is not necessary to include all the components shown in Figure 13; in addition, the network device 1300 may also include components not shown in Figure 13, and reference may be made to the prior art.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a terminal device, the program causes the terminal device to execute the synchronization method described in the embodiment of the first aspect.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program enables a terminal device to execute the synchronization method described in the embodiment of the first aspect.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program, wherein when the program is executed in a network device, the program causes the network device to execute the synchronization method described in the embodiment of the second aspect.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program enables a network device to execute the synchronization method described in the embodiment of the second aspect.
- the above devices and methods of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a combination of hardware and software.
- the present application relates to such a computer-readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the devices or components described above, or enables the logic component to implement the various methods or steps described above.
- the present application also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, etc.
- the method/device described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
- one or more of the functional block diagrams shown in the figure and/or one or more combinations of functional block diagrams can correspond to various software modules of the computer program flow or to various hardware modules.
- These software modules can respectively correspond to the various steps shown in the figure.
- These hardware modules can be implemented by solidifying these software modules, for example, using a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- the software module may be located in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
- a storage medium may be coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium; or the storage medium may be an integral part of the processor.
- the processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC.
- the software module may be stored in the memory of the mobile terminal or in a memory card that can be inserted into the mobile terminal.
- the software module may be stored in the MEGA-SIM card or the large-capacity flash memory device.
- One or more of the functional blocks and/or one or more combinations of the functional blocks described in the drawings may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a specialized processor, or a processor for performing the functions described in this application.
- DSP digital signal processor
- the present invention may be implemented using an integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any suitable combination thereof.
- ASIC integrated circuit
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- One or more of the functional blocks and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks described with respect to the figures may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in communication with a DSP, or any other such configuration.
- a synchronization method comprising:
- a terminal device receives a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- the terminal device sends a second signal at a second frequency based on at least the first signal, where the second signal is a signal formed by the terminal device by backscattering the first waveform or is a signal autonomously generated by the terminal device.
- a synchronization method comprising:
- the network device sends a first signal at a first frequency, where the first signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, and the first signal is used at least for timing and/or time synchronization of the terminal device;
- a terminal device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the synchronization method as described in Note 1.
- a network device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the synchronization method as described in Note 2.
- a computer program product comprising at least a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the terminal device executes the synchronization method as described in Note 1.
- a computer program product comprising at least a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the network device executes the synchronization method as described in Note 2.
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Abstract
本申请实施例提供一种同步方法以及装置,所述方法包括:终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;所述终端设备至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
Description
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域。
从2G系统到4G系统早期时代,蜂窝移动通信系统主要服务对象为手机,即由人持有的移动终端设备类型。随着移动互联网以及物联网的高速发展,从4G系统后期开始至今,蜂窝移动通信系统技术演进过程中考虑以及支持的物联网应用场景越来越丰富,相应地更多种类的物联网设备终端类型得到支持并落地于实际的网络部署和服务应用中,例如,eMTC类型终端设备,NB-IoT类型终端设备,RedCap类型终端设备等。随着物联网终端设备类型多样性的加强,蜂窝移动系统具有了越来越强的、面向垂直行业的业务提供和服务能力。
应该注意,上面对技术背景的介绍只是为了方便对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整的说明,并方便本领域技术人员的理解而阐述的。不能仅仅因为这些方案在本申请的背景技术部分进行了阐述而认为上述技术方案为本领域技术人员所公知。
发明内容
发明人发现:在海量物联网设备中,庞大数量且更低成本的物联网终端设备领域还是蜂窝移动通信系统的空白。为了能够提供更稳健、更可靠也更完整的物联网应用解决方案,如何在3GPP蜂窝移动系统中支持更低成本物联网终端设备成为亟待解决的问题。
针对上述问题的至少之一,本申请实施例提供一种同步方法以及装置。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面,提供一种同步方法,包括:
终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
所述终端设备至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面,提供一种同步装置,包括:
接收单元,其在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
发送单元,其至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面,提供一种同步方法,包括:
网络设备在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
所述网络设备在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面,提供一种同步装置,包括:
发送单元,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
接收单元,其在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面,提供一种通信系统,包括:
网络设备,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;在第二频率接收第二信号;
终端设备,其在所述第一频率接收所述第一信号,至少根据所述第一信号在所述第二频率发送所述第二信号;所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
本申请实施例的有益效果之一在于:终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备的同步,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本。
参照后文的说明和附图,详细公开了本申请的特定实施方式,指明了本申请的原理可以被采用的方式。应该理解,本申请的实施方式在范围上并不因而受到限制。在
所附权利要求的精神和条款的范围内,本申请的实施方式包括许多改变、修改和等同。
针对一种实施方式描述和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多个其它实施方式中使用,与其它实施方式中的特征相组合,或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
应该强调,术语“包括/包含”在本文使用时指特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在,但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在或附加。
在本申请实施例的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。此外,在附图中,类似的标号表示几个附图中对应的部件,并可用于指示多于一种实施方式中使用的对应部件。
图1是本申请实施例的通信系统的一示意图;
图2是本申请实施例的通信系统的另一示意图;
图3是本申请实施例的通信系统的又一示意图;
图4是本申请实施例的同步方法的一个示意图;
图5是本申请实施例的第一子信号符号的一示例图;
图6是本申请实施例的第一子信号和第二子信号的一示例图;
图7是本申请实施例的第一子信号和第二子信号的另一示例图;
图8是本申请实施例的2M个信号的示例图;
图9是本申请实施例的同步方法的一示意图;
图10是本申请实施例的同步装置的一示意图;
图11是本申请实施例的同步装置的一示意图;
图12是本申请实施例的终端设备的一示意图;
图13是本申请实施例的网络设备的一示意图。
参照附图,通过下面的说明书,本申请的前述以及其它特征将变得明显。在说明书和附图中,具体公开了本申请的特定实施方式,其表明了其中可以采用本申请的原则的部分实施方式,应了解的是,本申请不限于所描述的实施方式,相反,本申请包
括落入所附权利要求的范围内的全部修改、变型以及等同物。
在本申请实施例中,术语“第一”、“第二”等用于对不同元素从称谓上进行区分,但并不表示这些元素的空间排列或时间顺序等,这些元素不应被这些术语所限制。术语“和/或”包括相关联列出的术语的一种或多个中的任何一个和所有组合。术语“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等是指所陈述的特征、元素、元件或组件的存在,但并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、元素、元件或组件。
在本申请实施例中,单数形式“一”、“该”等包括复数形式,应广义地理解为“一种”或“一类”而并不是限定为“一个”的含义;此外术语“所述”应理解为既包括单数形式也包括复数形式,除非上下文另外明确指出。此外术语“根据”应理解为“至少部分根据……”,术语“基于”应理解为“至少部分基于……”,除非上下文另外明确指出。
在本申请实施例中,术语“通信网络”或“无线通信网络”可以指符合如下任意通信标准的网络,例如长期演进(LTE,Long Term Evolution)、增强的长期演进(LTE-A,LTE-Advanced)、宽带码分多址接入(WCDMA,Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)、高速报文接入(HSPA,High-Speed Packet Access)等等。
并且,通信系统中设备之间的通信可以根据任意阶段的通信协议进行,例如可以包括但不限于如下通信协议:1G(generation)、2G、2.5G、2.75G、3G、4G、4.5G以及5G、新无线(NR,New Radio)、未来的6G等等,和/或其他目前已知或未来将被开发的通信协议。
在本申请实施例中,术语“网络设备”例如是指通信系统中将终端设备接入通信网络并为该终端设备提供服务的设备。网络设备可以包括但不限于如下设备:基站(BS,Base Station)、接入点(AP、Access Point)、发送接收点(TRP,Transmission Reception Point)、广播发射机、移动管理实体(MME、Mobile Management Entity)、网关、服务器、无线网络控制器(RNC,Radio Network Controller)、基站控制器(BSC,Base Station Controller)等等。
其中,基站可以包括但不限于:节点B(NodeB或NB)、演进节点B(eNodeB或eNB)以及5G基站(gNB),IAB宿主(Donor)等等,此外还可包括远端无线头(RRH,Remote Radio Head)、远端无线单元(RRU,Remote Radio Unit)、中继(relay)或者低功率节点(例如femeto、pico等等)。并且术语“基站”可以包括它们的一些或所有功能,每个基站可以对特定的地理区域提供通信覆盖。术语“小区”可以指的是基
站和/或其覆盖区域,这取决于使用该术语的上下文。
在本申请实施例中,术语“用户设备”(UE,User Equipment)或者“终端设备”(TE,Terminal Equipment或Terminal Device)例如是指通过网络设备接入通信网络并接收网络服务的设备。终端设备可以是固定的或移动的,并且也可以称为移动台(MS,Mobile Station)、终端、用户台(SS,Subscriber Station)、接入终端(AT,Access Terminal)、标签(tag),等等。
其中,终端设备可以包括但不限于如下设备:蜂窝电话(Cellular Phone)、个人数字助理(PDA,Personal Digital Assistant)、无线调制解调器、无线通信设备、手持设备、机器型通信设备、膝上型计算机、无绳电话、智能手机、智能手表、数字相机、标签以及贴附于物品或者与物品相关的设备,等等。
再例如,在物联网(IoT,Internet of Things)等场景下,终端设备还可以是进行监控或测量或用于物品管理等用途的机器或装置或设备,例如可以包括但不限于:机器类通信(MTC,Machine Type Communication)终端、车载通信终端、设备到设备(D2D,Device to Device)终端、机器到机器(M2M,Machine to Machine)终端,环境物联网设备(AIoT,Ambient IoT)等等。
此外,术语“网络侧”或“网络设备侧”是指网络的一侧,可以是某一基站,也可以包括如上的一个或多个网络设备。术语“用户侧”或“终端侧”或“终端设备侧”是指用户或终端的一侧,可以是某一UE,也可以包括如上的一个或多个终端设备。本文在没有特别指出的情况下,“设备”可以指网络设备,也可以指终端设备。
RFID系统是面向庞大数量且更低成本的物联网终端设备领域的解决方案。RFID系统应用较为广泛。RFID系统的优点为标签成本较低、价格便宜。RFID标签尺寸小,对其所应用的物品的尺寸、材质等限制较小,因此较易于应用于各种物品管理、物品追踪等场景。虽然RFID标签成本低,但RFID系统的部署成本和使用成本相较于广域商业网络偏高。部署方面,RFID系统通常为局部部署,专网专用,部署成本很难得到有效的分摊。使用方面,若采用人工手持标签读写器方案,人力成本可能成为使用成本的主要开销且很难降低;若采用专用的RFID端口或者网关读取和管理标签,又会明显增加部署成本。此外,RFID系统逻辑架构简单,无线资源管理松散,例如较难对无线电波传输中的干扰较好地进行协调等,因此RFID系统的系统容量和频谱使用效率普遍较低。
相比于现有RFID系统,如果能够利用现有的商业移动通信蜂窝网络(例如LTE系统,5G NR系统等)支持需要标签类型物联网终端设备的行业应用,则可有效降低部署成本,进而降低该类型物联网设备部署门槛。除此以外,现有的商业移动通信蜂窝网络(例如LTE系统,5G NR系统等)在网络安全性和无线资源管理有效性方面也远高于现有RFID系统。
以5G系统为例,5G系统可以提供可靠鉴权、网络协调以及准确且稳定的终端设备管理机制,可以安全有效地减少使用中的人力成本,进而降低该类型物联网的使用成本,还可以基于此优化网络提高系统容量和频谱使用效率。部署成本和使用成本的降低,可以有效推进该类型物联网设备在商业管理以及工业制造中的应用,加快相应行业的数字化进程、提高生产效率,并最终更有效地促进社会发展。
作为5G系统中的一种新的物联网终端类型,标签类终端设备(Ambient IoT设备,简称为AIoT设备)成本严重受限。设备的硬件能力明显弱于普通智能手机以及其它现有蜂窝移动通信系统所支持的物联网类型设备。例如,标签类终端设备可能没有稳定电源供电(例如,采用环境能量收集代替常规电池),带宽较窄,内部搭载的晶振因成本限制而精度受限、误差较大,以及信号处理能力有限。
因此,造价低廉的AIoT设备无法重用5G系统现有同步信号与网络设备进行同步,而达成同步是设备与网络通信的必要条件。AIoT设备如何与网络设备进行同步成为亟待解决的问题。
以下通过示例对本申请实施例的场景进行说明,但本申请不限于此。
图1是本申请实施例的通信系统的一示意图,图2是本申请实施例的通信系统的另一示意图,图3是本申请实施例的通信系统的又一示意图。图1至图3示意性说明了以终端设备和网络设备为例的情况。
如图1所示,网络设备可以直接与AIoT设备进行通信,直接向AIoT设备发送信号或者直接从AIoT设备接收信号;如图2所示,网络设备也可以经过中间节点(intermediate node),利用中间节点向AIoT设备发送信号或利用中间节点接收来自AIoT设备的信号;如图3所示,网络设备也可以在辅助节点(assisting node)的协助下,向AIoT设备发送信号或接收来自AIoT设备的信号。
中间节点可以是终端设备、UE,也可以是网络节点,如中继(relay)、IAB节点、直放站(repeater)等,本申请不限于此。中间节点具备与图2中网络设备通信的功
能,还至少具备向AIoT设备发送信号和接收来自AIoT设备信号的能力。辅助节点可以是终端设备、UE,也可以是网络节点,如中继(relay)、IAB节点、直放站(repeater)等,本申请不限于此。辅助节点具备与图3中网络设备通信的功能,还至少具备向AIoT设备发送信号和/或接收来自AIoT设备信号的能力。这里所说的向AIoT设备发送信号和接收来自AIoT设备信号符合通信标准协议中关于AIoT设备的规定和描述。
在本申请实施例中,网络设备向AIoT设备发送或者AIoT设备接收来自网络设备的信号/信息/配置等,可以是由网络设备直接发送给AIoT设备而AIoT设备接收,也可以是网络设备经由中间节点向AIoT设备发送的而AIoT设备接收,还可以是网络设备在辅助节点的帮助下发送给AIoT设备而AIoT设备接收,还可以是网络设备通过其它方法发送给AIoT设备而AIoT设备接收。除非特殊说明,本申请不以此为限。
在本申请实施例中,AIoT设备向网络设备发送或者网络设备接收来自AIoT设备的信号/信息等,可以是AIoT设备发送而网络设备直接接收,也可以是AIoT设备发送而网络设备经由中间节点接收,还可以是AIoT设备发送而网络设备在辅助节点的帮助下接收,还可以是AIoT设备发送而网络设备通过其它方法接收。除非特殊说明,本申请不以此为限。
现有5G NR系统和LTE系统中,小区ID通过终端设备对初级同步信号(PSS)和二级同步信号(SSS)的检测获取。因此,小区ID的个数与PSS信号序列和SSS信号序列的个数相关。现有5G NR系统物理小区ID为1008个,LTE系统物理小区ID为504个。终端设备在检测过程中确定了初级同步信号(PSS)和二级同步信号(SSS)对应的序列后,根据该序列对应参数计算出对应小区的物理ID。由于AIoT设备极其简单,很难具备处理长序列以及处理复数序列的能力,因此,现有5G NR系统中的同步信号很难应用于AIoT设备。
另一方面,RFID系统中,由于其依靠符号长度承载比特信息,其同步信号仅用于标签对符号长度进行校准,从而确定其在后续接收用于承载数据的符号的时候所使用的硬判决门限。RFID系统读写器(reader)与标签(tag)彼此之间没有建立连接的过程。读写器不为标签分配ID,仅在通信时使用临时ID,随后释放。标签仅在读写器对其进行读写操作时验证读写器权限,不区分一个读写器和另一个读写器。如此松散的通信机制如果应用在5G NR背景下的AIoT系统中,可能导致AIoT终端设备
无法辨识网络系统。当AIoT终端设备同时收到大于一个网络设备信号的时候,其无法区分网络设备,这与5G NR系统中本身安全水平很高的网络架构不符,也不利于网络部署和终端设备管理,更难提高无线资源使用效率。
因此,如何设计用于AIoT终端设备的同步信号,成为亟待解决的问题。
第一方面的实施例
本申请实施例提供一种同步方法,从终端设备侧进行说明。
图4是本申请实施例的同步方法的一个示意图,如图4所示,该方法包括:
401,终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
402,所述终端设备至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
值得注意的是,以上附图4仅对本申请实施例进行了示意性说明,但本申请不限于此。例如可以适当地调整各个操作之间的执行顺序,此外还可以增加其他的一些操作或者减少其中的某些操作。本领域的技术人员可以根据上述内容进行适当地变型,而不仅限于上述附图4的记载。
现有LTE系统以及5GNR系统以OFDM信号为主,OFDM信号为多载波信号。不同终端设备在同一时间向网络设备发送各自的信号,其各自的信号可以通过使用同一个带宽中的不同子载波承载各自的信息,不同终端设备信号彼此正交。反之,网络设备也可以将发送给不同终端设备的信息调制在不同子载波上,子载波间正交,不同终端设备可以根据网络设备的指示在相应的子载波上获取各自的信息。另一种常用于现有LTE系统以及5GNR系统的是SC-FDMA波形,该波形也是多载波信号,不同用户可以在同一时间通过调制不同子载波实现复用。
在本申请实施例中,第一信号和/或第二信号均为单载波信号。相对多载波信号,单载波信号的调制和解调复杂度低、对硬件设备能力和精度要求也低,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本,因此更适用于AIoT类型终端设备。
在一些实施例中,第一信号由第一子信号和第二子信号组成。第一子信号至少用于终端设备在时域上识别第一信号。
例如,第一子信号具有唯一性,第一子信号仅在第一信号的前部出现。又例如,第一子信号提示第一信号可能出现。终端设备在时域上识别出第一子信号后,再判断/确定是否后面跟随着第二子信号。或者说,在时域上识别出第一子信号意味着后面可能有第二子信号跟随;如果时域上未识别出第一子信号,终端设备不用判断/确定是否有第二子信号。或者说,第一子信号可以单独发送,终端设备接收到第一子信号后,后续可能有或者没有第二子信号;或者,第一子信号不可以单独发送,终端设备接收到第一子信号后,后续有第二子信号。
在一些实施例中,第一子信号可以承载信息。在另一些实施例中,第一子信号也可以不承载信息。
第二子信号至少用于承载信息。
在一个例子里,第一子信号不承载信息。例如第一子信号为固定的符号或者波形。又例如,第一子信号为标准协议预定义的符号或者波形。如此可以提高终端设备对第一子信号识别率。第一子信号具有固定特征,终端设备依据该特征检测有或者没有该信号。
在又一个例子里,第一子信号可以承载少量信息,例如,1比特信息,或者,2比特信息,或者,3比特信息等。第一子信号承载少量信息,由此可以更好的支持多网络设备共存场景下的组网部署。例如,第一子信号承载的少量信息与网络设备标识有关,当终端设备可以接收到大于一个网络设备的第一子信号的时候,终端设备可以辨识其中的某一个其来自哪一个网络设备并据此实施后续操作。
在一些实施例中,第一子信号不承载信息,该信号波形和/或所包含的时域符号在以下方面中的至少一方面与第二子信号的时域符号和/或后续承载数据信息的时域符号不同:
-符号在时域上的长度;
-符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
-符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
-符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;
-符号中高电平与低电平占比。
例如,第一子信号为一个连续波形的时候,该波形为一个上述“符号”,或者说,“符号”在时域上可以对应一个波形。第一子信号不承载信息,有助于降低终端设备
在同步信号检测中的计算复杂度以及提高终端设备在时域上正确检出第一信号的概率。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号包含一个或一个以上的符号。
图5是本申请实施例的第一子信号符号的一示例图。如图5所示,第一子信号包含一个或一个以上的时域符号。在一个例子里,第一子信号包含一个以上的时域符号,所有符号的时域长度相等。在又一个例子里,第一子信号包含一个以上的时域符号,其中至少有两个符号的时域长度不同。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含一个以上的符号,也可以参考图5。
图6是本申请实施例的第一子信号和第二子信号的一示例图。如图6的上半部分所示,第一子信号和第二子信号可以在时域上连续,或者,如图6的下半部分所示,第一子信号和第二子信号可以在时域上不连续。
例如,第一子信号不承载信息,第一子信号与第二子信号连续,终端设备识别出第一子信号即可立即接收第二子信号。第一子信号和第二子信号在时域上连续有助于加快终端设备识别第一信号的速度。
再例如,第一子信号承载信息,第一子信号和第二子信号不连续,二者之间有时间间隔,该时间间隔有助于为终端设备预留足够的时间,用于接收和处理第一子信号并获取信息。又例如,该时间间隔也可以成为第一信号与其它信号的区别,有助于增加第一信号成功检出的概率。
图7是本申请实施例的第一子信号和第二子信号的另一示例图。如图7所示,第一子信号和第二子信号可以在时域上连续,或者,第一子信号和第二子信号可以在时域上不连续。如图7所示,第二子信号可以承载信息,第二子信号包含一个以上的时域符号。
以上示意性说明了第一子信号和第二子信号,以下再进一步说明第一信号。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备通过所述第一信号进行与所述网络设备的定时/时间同步,包括以下至少之一:
所述终端设备确定来自网络设备信号的符号长度和/或起始点和/或结束点;
所述终端设备确定来自网络设备信号的时间单位的长度和/或起始点和/或结束点;
所述终端设备确定来自网络设备信号的长度和/或起始点和/或结束点;
所述终端设备确定用于接收信号的采样时钟和/或采样起始位置和/或采样频率和
/或采样结束位置;
所述终端设备确定发送信号的符号长度和/或起始点和/或结束点;
所述终端设备确定应用于发送信号的时间单位的长度和/或起始点和/或结束点;
所述终端设备确定发送信号的起始/长度/结束。
在本申请实施例中,所述终端设备与所述网络设备进行定时/时间同步后,基于该定时/时间同步结果接收来自网络设备的信息/信号,和/或,向网络设备发送信息/信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备之间准确可靠的信息收发。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号承载以下信息至少之一:第一标识、终端设备选择信息、与所述第二信号发送相关的信息。
在一个例子里,第一信号至少承载第一标识。所述第一标识对应N比特。所述第一标识为与所述网络设备有关的标识。例如,所述第一标识为所述网络设备的标识,和/或,所述网络设备对应的小区标识,和/或,所述网络设备所在的区域/场地/领域的标识。
其中,所述网络设备所在的区域(Area)可以是网络定义的由一个或一个以上网络设备组成的区域,或者由上述网络设备的服务范围组成的区域等。这里,区域也可以是场地(Field),领域(domain),场景(scenario),范围(range),应用范围(Application range)等,本申请不以此为限。
在一个例子里,所述第一标识的取值范围可以与5G NR系统或者LTE系统传统小区的物理ID一样,或者,所述第一标识的取值范围可以与5G NR系统或者LTE系统传统小区的物理ID不一样。
例如,一个网络设备既为手机和或其它物联网设备提供服务,又为AIoT设备提供服务,手机和/或其它物联网设备所见的小区ID与AIoT设备可见的小区ID一致。在一个例子里,服务于AIoT设备的小区/网络设备ID的取值范围与传统5G NR系统支持的小区ID范围一致,即现有的1008个。这样有助于简化网络规划管理。重用原范围还可以简化标准化讨论,加速标准落地。
又例如,AIoT设备可见的小区ID与手机和/或其它物联网设备可见的小区ID不一致。在一个例子里,服务于AIoT设备的小区/网络设备ID的取值范围可以重新定义。原1008个小区ID的设计是基于现有NR系统SS序列的属性设计的,如前所述,该序列无法适用AIoT场景。重新设计服务于AIoT设备的小区/网络设备ID可以简
化逻辑。例如,N取值为9,服务于AIoT设备的小区/网络设备ID范围为0~511;或者,N取值为10,服务于AIoT设备的小区/网络设备ID范围为0~1023。又例如,N取值为4或者6或者8。还例如,N取值为12或者16。
在一些实施例中,第一信号至少承载N比特的第一标识。N可以为正整数,例如N取值为10。N也可以为非正整数,例如N取值为log2(1008)或者log2(504)等。
在一个例子里,第一子信号不承载信息,N比特的第一标识由第二子信号承载。
在一个例子里,第一标识对应N比特,由第一子信号和第二子信号承载。所述第一子信号与所述第一标识对应的N比特中的M比特相关,所述M小于或等于N。N比特中除M比特以外的其它比特由第二子信号承载。
M可以为正整数,例如1,2等。M也可以为非正整数,例如,M取值为log2(3)或者log2(5)等。所述M比特可以为N比特中的从最高位开始的M比特,也可以为N比特中从最低位开始的M比特,还可以为N比特中的中间M比特,本申请不以此为限。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号为2M个信号中的一个,所述终端设备根据所述第一子信号确定所述第一标识中的M比特信息。
图8是本申请实施例的2M个信号的示例图。在一种实施方式中,网络设备在包含2M不同信号的集合中,根据需要携带的M比特信息的具体信息选择一个信号。所述终端设备对第一子信号进行检测,根据所述第一子信号为上述集合中的哪一个确定对应的M比特信息。
如图8所示,以M=2为例,该集合包含22也就是共计4个第一子信号待选序列。在一次实施中,需要携带的信息为“00”,网络设备从该集合中选择第一子信号#0发送。终端设备检测出其所接收到的是“子信号#0”,则由该第一子信号承载的M比特信息为“00”。在另一个实施中,需要携带的信息为“11”,网络设备从该集合中选择第一子信号#3发送。终端设备检测出其所接收到的是“子信号#3”,则由该第一子信号承载的M比特信息为“11”。
第一子信号可以通过信号本身的特征承载M比特信息。第一子信号可以是比特串。例如,M=2,第一子信号为00,01,10或者11。第一子信号也可以是序列。该序列较短,例如该序列明显短于现有NR系统SS信号。例如,序列长度为4,8,16等。该序列可以为整数序列,例如由0、1组成或者由1、-1组成。该序列也可以
为简单的复数序列,例如,为非连续相位序列。
在一些实施例中,第一子信号还可以是至少M个符号或者M个符号串,M个符号中的一个符号与另一个符号,或者,M个符号串中一个符号串与另一个符号串的至少一个符号,在以下特征至少之一彼此不同:
-符号在时域上的长度;
-符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
-符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
-符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;
-符号中高电平与低电平占比。
在一些实施例中,所述2M个信号在时域上长度相等,所述2M个信号对应一个或一个以上的时域符号。在一个例子中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度不相等。在另一个例子中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中的至少一个符号的长度与用于承载数据的时域符号的长度不同。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号至少承载以下信息的之一的部分或者全部:
-第一标识,所述第一标识为所述网络设备标识和/或所述网络设备对应的小区标识;
-终端设备选择信息;
-与所述第二信号发送相关的信息。
例如,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载上述信息的符号中至少有个两个符号的时域长度相等。在一个例子中,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载上述信息的所有符号时域长度相等。在又一个例子中,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载上述信息的符号中包含时域长度不相等的符号,例如为了适配现有系统时间(如,5GNR系统)单位长度,以便减少AIOT系统对现有5GNR系统的干扰以及现有5GNR系统对AIOT系统的干扰。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号所承载的内容包括CRC校验码,所述CRC校验码的长度为Z比特。所述第一子信号不包含CRC校验码。
在一个例子里,所述第二子信号包含一串CRC校验比特。例如,该一串CRC校验比特用于校验所述第二子信号承载的全部信息。又例如,该一串CRC校验比特用于校验所述第二子信号承载的部分信息。该一串校验比特用于校验与所述第二信号相
关的信息,或者,该一串CRC校验比特用于校验与所述第一标识相关的信息等,本申请不以此为限。
在另一个例子里,所述第二子信号包含大于一串的CRC校验比特。例如,一串CRC校验比特用于校验所述第二信号相关的信息,一串CRC校验比特用于校验与所述第一标识相关的信息等。
例如,第二子信号的CRC校验比特为5比特,6比特,8比特,11比特,16比特,24比特等。
又例如,CRC校验比特的生成多项式为如下之一:
gCRC24A(D)=[D24+D23+D18+D17+D14+D11+D10+D7+D6+D5+D4+D3+D+1]for a CRC length
24;
gCRC24B(D)=[D24+D23+D6+D5+D+1]for a CRC length 24;
gCRC24C(D)=[D24+D23+D21+D20+D17+D15+D13+D12+D8+D4+D2+D+1]for a CRC length 24;
gCRC16(D)=[D16+D12+D5+1]for a CRC length 16;
gCRC11(D)=[D11+D10+D9+D5+1]for a CRC length 11;
gCRC6(D)=[D6+D5+1]for a CRC length 6。
gCRC24A(D)=[D24+D23+D18+D17+D14+D11+D10+D7+D6+D5+D4+D3+D+1]for a CRC length
24;
gCRC24B(D)=[D24+D23+D6+D5+D+1]for a CRC length 24;
gCRC24C(D)=[D24+D23+D21+D20+D17+D15+D13+D12+D8+D4+D2+D+1]for a CRC length 24;
gCRC16(D)=[D16+D12+D5+1]for a CRC length 16;
gCRC11(D)=[D11+D10+D9+D5+1]for a CRC length 11;
gCRC6(D)=[D6+D5+1]for a CRC length 6。
在一个例子中,第一信号(第一子信号和第二子信号)采用单载波传输且带宽较现有5GNR系统明显窄,例如,带宽为180kHz、100kHz等,本申请不以此为限。第二子信号中不包含导频。如此可以降低系统公共开销以便留出更多的无线资源用于数据传输。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含结束标记。在另一些实施例中,所述第二子信号不包含结束标记。
在一个例子中,所述第二子信号包含结束标记。如此,终端设备可以更准确检测出第二子信号的结束位置,提高整个第二子信号正确解调和/或解码的概率。
在又一个例子中,所述第二子信号不包含结束标记。终端设备和网络设备根据协议标准的规定,对于第二子信号的长度和/或起始和/或结束等有一致的理解。如此,可以降低公共信号开销,留更多的无线资源用于数据传输,提高频谱使用效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载信息的符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度相等。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含所述第一标识的一部分,或者,所述第二
子信号包含所述第一标识的全部。例如,所述第二子信号至少包含所述第一标识对应的N比特中除所述M比特以外的比特。
以上示意性说明了第一标识,以下再对终端设备选择信息和/或与第二信号发送相关的信息进行说明。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号还包含所述终端设备选择信息和/或与所述第二信号发送相关的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息用于网络设备通知所述终端设备发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息为选择条件和/或选择参数,用于所述终端设备确定发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息包括以下至少一项:
终端设备标识;
终端设备的参数/属性;
终端设备的进程(session/process)索引;
终端设备选择标识;
终端设备盘点标识。
在一个例子中,终端设备标识例如包括:第二标识,第二识别信息,终端设备的固有ID,所述网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的ID。第一信号承载终端设备标识,与被指示的终端设备标识相应的终端设备被选择或者未被选择。终端设备将第一信号承载的终端设备标识与自己的终端设备标识比较,判断自己被选择或者没有被选择。终端设备确定自己被选择了,终端设备生成并发送第二信息。终端设备确定自己没有被选择,则不生成、不发送第二信息。
在另一个例子中,终端设备的参数/属性例如包括:该终端设备的业务类型,该终端设备贴附/相关的货物或者物品信息,该终端设备能力参数,该终端设备支持的业务种类等等。第一信号承载终端设备的参数/属性,与被指示的参数/属性相应的终端设备被选择或者未被选择。终端设备将第一信号承载的参数/属性与自己的参数/属性比较,判断自己被选择或者没有被选择。终端设备确定自己被选择了,终端设备生
成并发送第二信息。终端设备确定自己没有被选择,则不生成、不发送第二信息。
在又一个例子中,网络设备和/或网络可以与终端设备维持一个或者一个以上进程(session)或者流程(process)。一个进程对应一种业务类型或者命令类型,例如一个进程对应位置信息相关命令或者业务,一个进程对应存储器读写相关命令或者业务,一个进程对应盘点相关命令或者业务,一个进程对应鉴权等安全相关的命令,等等。第一信号承载终端设备的进程号,与被指示的进程号的终端设备被选择或者未被选择。终端设备将第一信号承载的进程号与自己的进程号比较,判断自己被选择或者没有被选择。终端设备确定自己被选择了,终端设备生成并发送第二信息。终端设备确定自己没有被选择,则不生成、不发送第二信息。
在又一个例子中,第一信号还可以承载终端设备选择标识和/或终端设备盘点(inventory)标识。例如,根据标准协议规定,终端侧维护选择标识,网络设备可以对选择标识进行操作,例如,在上一轮通信或者盘存中,或者,在上一轮与某个业务或者功能有关的通信中,网络设备已经与该终端设备进行了通信和/或从该终端设备获取了必要信息,网络设备命令终端设备或者终端设备自行将该标志置为已操作(例如,该选择标识可取值为“已操作”,“未操作”等),或者,网络设备命令终端设备或者终端设备自行翻转该标志(例如,该选择标识为1比特二进制数,通过翻转表明被操作过等)。在这一轮通信或者盘存中,第一信号承载与终端设备选择标识相关的信息(例如,终端设备选择标识的取值,或者,终端设备选择标识在上一轮是否翻转),终端设备根据该信息以及自己的终端设备选择标识,判断自己在这一轮中被选择或者没有被选择。终端设备确定自己被选择了,终端设备生成并发送第二信息。终端设备确定自己没有被选择,则不生成、不发送第二信息。
上述例子可以单独实施也可以结合起来。在一些实施例中,终端设备确定自己是否生成和发送第二信息依据于上述参数中的一个或者一个以上。该一个或一个以上的上述参数可以全部由第一信号承载(例如,由一个或者一个以上第一信号承载),也可以一部分由第一信号承载一部分由其它信号承载。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号发送相关的信息至少包括以下信息之一:
与所述第二频率相关的信息,
与所述第二信号相关的时域资源信息,
与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息,
与所述第二信号内容相关的信息,
与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息。
例如,与所述第二频率相关的信息为以下至少之一:中心频点、带宽、起始频率位置、终止频率位置等。
再例如,与所述第二信号相关的时域资源可以是所述终端设备发送第二信号的时域资源,也可以可用于所述终端设备发送第二信号的时域资源。所述终端设备根据该时域资源信息确定用于发送第二信息/第二信号的时域资源。网络设备指示一个资源,终端设备确定该资源用于发送第二信息/第二信号。网络设备指示一个或大于一个可用资源,终端设备在可用资源中确定一个资源用于发送第二信息/第二信号。
又例如,与所述第二信号内容相关的信息可以是网络设备指示终端设备第二信号/第二信息包含的内容,例如,终端设备第二标识,此前通信/连接中断错误码/原因,电量水平,位置信息等等。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息至少包括以下之一:
所述第二信号时域资源的起始位置,
所述第二信号时域资源与所述第一信号所在时域位置的时间间隔,
所述第二信号持续时间(或所占时域资源长度,或第二信号的符号数,或第二信号占用的时域符号个数),
用于所述终端设备确定能够用于(available)所述第二信号发送的时域资源的参数(例如周期,起始位置,偏移量等;可以以绝对时间描述,或者也可以以时间单位的个数描述),
能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源的起始位置,和/或,持续时间,和/或,结束位置(例如,一个或一个以上起始位置,一个或一个以上持续时间,一个或一个以上结束位置等;可以以绝对时间描述,或者也可以以时间单位的个数描述),
用于所述终端设备在能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源中选择用于发送所述第二信号的时域资源的参数(例如,用于生成随机数的参数或种子,该随机数用于确定发送第二信号的时域资源的位置)。
例如,所述能够用于(available)所述第二信号发送的时域资源为,网络设备为终端设备配置/指示该一个或一个以上能够用于(available)所述第二信号发送的时域资源。所述终端设备根据实际情况确定在该时域资源发送所述第二信号,或者,所述
终端设备根据实际情况确定在该时域资源不发送所述第二信号。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息至少包含以下之一:
与所述第二信号前导码有关的信息,
与所述第二信号CRC校验生成和/或发送有关的信息,
与所述第二信号的信道编码(前向纠错码)有关的信息,
与所述第二信号调制有关的信息,
与所述第二信号符号长度有关的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号还承载以下信息之一:
用于随机接入有关的参数,
用于下行数据传输的参数,
用于上行数据传输的参数,
与下行控制信道相关的参数。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号携带或者不携带时间单位的索引,例如,帧索引(Frame index)等。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号不携带时间单位索引。AIoT终端设备硬件能力有限可能无法维持与网络设备的长时间同步。由所述第一信号携带时间单位的绝对索引(网络设备维护的索引)可能对AIoT设备的效益不明显。相比之下,AIoT终端设备参照用于同步的第一信号自行计数时间单位,或者说,由终端设备维护时间单位的相对索引是更为经济有效的方法。例如,终端设备计数时域符号和/或时域时隙和/或子帧的索引等,本申请不以此为限。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号携带时间单位索引,或者,所述第一信号可选地携带时间单位索引。对于硬件计算和存储能力相对较高的AIoT终端设备(例如,有能力自行生成第二信号等发送给网络设备的信号的AIoT终端设备),支持第一信号携带时间单位索引,或者,指示第一信号可选地携带时间单位索引,可以为网络设备提供更多的灵活度以便支持更为高级、复杂的业务,使得AIoT系统具备较好的前向兼容性。
所述时间单位为符号,时隙,子帧,帧等。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号还可以承载以下信息中的一个或者大于一个:用于随机接入(设备盘存)有关的参数、用于下行数据传输的参数、用于上行数据传输
的参数、与下行控制信道相关的参数等等。
以上示意性说明了与第一信号相关的内容,所述第一信号承载的上述信息,可以由一个第一信号承载,也可以由一个或者一个以上第一信号承载。由一个第一信号承载可以降低终端设备的实现逻辑。由一个以上第一信号承载可以为网络设备提供更多的灵活度,以便更好地服务基于AIoT设备的不同业务以及不同能力的AIoT设备。
以下再示意性说明第二信号。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者自主生成的信号。
例如,反向散射(backscatter)可以由网络设备或者中间节点或者辅助节点或者第三方设备发送波形信号,终端设备通过调节电路将待发送的比特信息调制到该波形信号上,并将调制后的信号通过反射发回给网络设备或者中间节点或者辅助节点。
所述第一波形可以为连续波形(CW,continuous wave),或者承载波形(CW,carrier wave),或者反向散射波形(backscattered/backscattering wave),或者上行波形(uplink wave)等等,本申请不以此为限。所述第一波形带宽明显窄于所述第一信号的带宽。例如,带宽为1kHz,本申请不以此为限。
在一个例子中,所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形发送第二信号。所述第一波形为所述网络设备或者第三方设备发送的波形。所述终端设备通过调整其反向散射电路,将准备发送给网络设备的信息调制在所述第一波形上,再将所述调制过的第一波形反向散射(backscatter)出去。
例如,所述终端设备在第二频率接收所述第一波形,并在第二频率将所述调制过的第一波形反向散射(backscatter)出去。又例如,所述终端设备在第三频率接收所述第一波形,并在第二频率将所述调制过的第一波形反向散射(backscatter)出去。
在又一个例子中,所述终端设备自主生成所述第二信号并将其在第二频率发射出去。所述终端设备自行生成第一波形并将准备发送给网络设备的信息调制在所述第一波形上,作为第二信号在第二频率发射。
所述网络设备接收到所述第二信号后,无需区分其是终端设备通过反向散射发送的还是自主生成的,可使用统一的接收算法和机制获取该第二信号上承载的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信号至少用于承载所述终端设备的第二识别信息。所述第二识别信息用于标识所述终端设备,和/或,用于所述网络设备识别所述终端设
备。所述第二识别信息在一个范围内和/或一段时间内用于标识所述终端设备。在一个示例中,所述第二识别信息在一个范围和/或一段时间内唯一标识所述终端设备;在另一个示例中,所述第二识别信息在一个范围内和/或一段时间内与所述终端设备唯一对应;在又一个示例中,在一个范围内和/或一段时间,第二识别信息与终端设备一一对应。
在一些实施例中,所述第二识别信息为以下至少之一:所述终端设备的固有标识,或者,为所述终端设备自行(随机)生成或选择的序列或标识,或者,为网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的标识,或者,用于标识所述终端设备的其它信息等。
所述第二识别信息可以是:编号/序号/索引,序列,或者用于标识该终端设备的其它信息等等。所述用于标识所述终端设备的其它信息可以是该终端设备的类型/属性等固有信息,可以是该终端设备所贴附/相关的货物或者物品信息/属性,可以是该终端设备的应用信息,可以是该终端设备的地理信息,可以是该终端设备的位置信息等等。
在一个实施例中,所述第二识别信息为终端设备固有ID,如电子设备全球标识,该ID在终端设备出厂前写入终端设备存储器,作为其在全球范围内唯一的长期标识。相应地,上述一个范围可以为所述网络设备对应的一个小区和/或该固有ID有效的范围,上述一个时间可以为终端设备出厂至终端设备被放弃。
在又一个实施例中,所述第二识别信息为终端设备自行生成/选择的序列或者ID。所述第二识别信息为终端设备自行随机或者非随机生成/选择的序列或者ID。例如,所述第二识别信息为所述终端设备生成/选择的临时ID。该临时ID为所述终端设备生成/选择的、临时使用的ID。该临时ID后续可以变为正式终端设备标识也可以被网络设备指定的其它终端设备标识代替。又例如,终端设备在与网络设备进行临时通信/对话,和/或,终端设备在初始随机接入过程中或者随机接入过程中,和/或,终端设备在请求接入网络过程中,和/或,终端设备在请求恢复与网络设备的通信/连接的过程中过,该终端设备可以使用上述随机/自主生成/选择的序列或ID作为第二识别信息。
所述第二识别信息为终端设备自行生成/选择的序列或者ID,上述一个范围为所述网络设备对应的一个小区。上述一个范围还可以是由网络(可以是所述网络设备或者核心网或者其它网络设备实施)定义的一个区域,该区域可以由一个或者大于一个
网络节点组成,也可以由一个或者大于一个网络节点的覆盖范围组成,还可以由一个或者大于一个网络节点的服务区域组成。
所述第二识别信息为终端设备自行生成/选择的序列或者ID,上述一段时间为所述终端设备与网络设备建立连接之前,或者,上述一段时间为终端设备在与网络设备进行临时通信/对话过程的时间。例如,网络设备未为该终端设备指定ID时,为了在临时通信/对话的过程中能够识别该终端设备,终端设备与网络设备使用该临时ID。终端设备自行生成/选择了ID并将其告知网络设备用于识别该终端设备。临时通信/对话结束/终止/中止后,该ID不再用于标识该终端设备。在下一次临时通信/对话过程中,所述终端设备重新随机生成/选择又一个临时ID,该又一个临时ID与之前的临时ID可以相同或者不同。
在另一个实施例中,所述第二识别信息为所述网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的ID。上述一个范围可以为所述网络设备对应的一个小区。上述一个范围也可以为由网络(可以是所述网络设备或者核心网或者其它网络设备实施)定义的一个区域,该区域可以由一个或者大于一个网络节点组成,也可以由一个或者大于一个网络节点的覆盖范围组成,还可以由一个或者大于一个网络节点的服务区域组成。上述一段时间可以从此前网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的该ID开始。例如,此前终端设备在与网络设备的连接/通信中获得该ID,随后该连接/通信中断/挂起/暂停/中止,此次终端设备发送所述第二信号用于请求恢复该连接/通信,该终端设备可以使用上述网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的ID作为第二识别信息用于所述网络设备识别自己以及相应的连接/通信。
在一些实施例中,所述第二识别信息由L比特表征,L为正整数。例如L为16,24,32,48等。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备在发送所述第二信息后,还接收来自所述网络设备的第三信息,所述第三信息至少用于承载第二标识,所述第二标识为所述网络设备为所述终端设备分配/指定的标识和/或所述网络设备确认的所述终端设备的标识,或者,所述第二标识为所述网络设备为所述终端设备重新分配/指定的标识和/或所述网络设备重新确认的所述终端设备的标识。
在一个示例中,所述第三信息包含第二标识,所述第二标识是所述网络设备为所述终端设备分配/指定的标识和/或所述网络设备确认的所述终端设备的标识。所述第
二标识由S比特表征,S为正整数。例如S为10,又例如S为16,还例如S为24,32,48。S越大该ID集合支持的终端设备数目越多。
以该终端设备ID的有效范围为一个网络设备或者一个小区或者一个由若干网络设备/小区/服务区域组成的区域范围为例,2S为该范围内能够通知支持的终端设备的最大数目。S越大,对该范围网络设备的能力要求越高,相应地由于比特数目的增加,对该终端设备的存储和数据处理能力要求也越高。考虑到AIoT设备的硬件能力偏低,S的取值适当为宜,例如S为16或者24。
所述第三信息还携带用于所述终端设备确认所述第二识别信息的信息。由此,所述终端设备可以确认所述第三信息是网络设备发送给自己的。所述终端设备与另一个终端设备在上述发送第二信号的过程中发生冲突的时候,例如所述终端设备与另一个终端设备在彼此交叠的资源向所述网络设备发送第二信号,第三信息携带用于所述终端设备确认所述第二识别信息的信息有助于冲突解决,例如,有助于所述终端设备和另一个终端设备确认所述第三信息是发给自己的还是发给其它终端设备的。
例如,所述第三信息显式包含所述第二识别信息的部分或全部,或者,用于承载所述第三信息的第三信号隐式承载所述第二识别信息全部。如此以便于所述终端设备确定其为该第三信息的接收终端设备,或者说,用于所述终端设备确定所述第三信息是所述网络设备发送给自己的。
在一个例子中,所述第二识别信息为标识的序列或者比特串。所述第三信息包含或第三信号承载的该序列或者比特串的部分或者全部。例如,该序列或比特串的部分比特,例如前X比特或者后X比特,又例如最高位开始的X比特或者最低位开始的X比特,X为正整数,X小于或等于第二识别信息的序列或者比特串长度,X为5,6,10,11,16等。例如,作为第三信息的一部分。又例如,在与所述第二信息时域资源相对应的时域资源发送所述第三信息。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备还可以向所述网络设备发送第四信息,所述第四信息至少用于所述终端设备通知所述网络设备其正确的接收了所述第三信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信号和/或第三信息和/或第四信息包含CRC校验比特。
在一个例子里,所述第二信号包含一串CRC校验比特。例如,该一串CRC校验比特用于校验所述第二信号承载的全部信息。又例如,该一串CRC校验比特用于校验所述第二信号承载的部分信息。
在另一个例子里,所述第二信号包含大于一串的CRC校验比特。例如,一串CRC校验比特用于校验一部分信息,一串CRC校验比特用于校验其它信息等。CRC相关特征可以参考前述内容,在此不再赘述。
以上各个实施例仅对本申请实施例进行了示例性说明,但本申请不限于此,还可以在以上各个实施例的基础上进行适当的变型。例如,可以单独使用上述各个实施例,也可以将以上各个实施例中的一种或多种结合起来。
由上述实施例可知,终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备的同步,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本。
第二方面的实施例
本申请实施例提供一种同步方法,从网络设备侧进行说明。第二方面的实施例可以与第一方面的实施例结合起来,与第一方面的实施例相同的内容不再赘述。
图9是本申请实施例的同步方法的一示意图,如图9所示,该方法包括:
901,网络设备在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
902,网络设备在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
值得注意的是,以上附图9仅对本申请实施例进行了示意性说明,但本申请不限于此。例如可以适当地调整各个操作之间的执行顺序,此外还可以增加其他的一些操作或者减少其中的某些操作。本领域的技术人员可以根据上述内容进行适当地变型,而不仅限于上述附图9的记载。
以上各个实施例仅对本申请实施例进行了示例性说明,但本申请不限于此,还可以在以上各个实施例的基础上进行适当的变型。例如,可以单独使用上述各个实施例,也可以将以上各个实施例中的一种或多种结合起来。
由上述实施例可知,终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备的同步,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本。
第三方面的实施例
本申请实施例提供一种同步装置。该装置例如可以是终端设备,也可以是配置于终端设备的某个或某些部件或者组件,与第一、二方面的实施例相同的内容不再赘述。
图10是本申请实施例的同步装置的一示意图,如图10所示,本申请实施例的同步装置1000包括:
接收单元1001,其在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
发送单元1002,其至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号承载以下信息至少之一:第一标识、终端设备选择信息、与所述第二信号发送相关的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第一标识为网络设备标识和/或网络设备对应的小区标识。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号包含一个或一个以上的符号,所述第二子信号包含一个以上的符号。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号包含的至少一个符号与所述第二子信号包含的至少一个符号的以下至少之一特征不同:
符号在时域上的长度;
符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;
符号中高电平与低电平占比。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号所承载的内容包括CRC校验码,所述CRC校验码的长度为Z比特。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号不包含CRC校验码。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含所述第一标识的一部分,或者,所述所述第二子信号包含所述第一标识的全部。
在一些实施例中,所述第一标识对应N比特。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号与所述第一标识对应的N比特中的M比特相
关,所述M小于或等于N。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号为2M个信号中的一个,所述终端设备根据所述第一子信号确定所述第一标识中的M比特信息。
在一些实施例中,所述2M个信号在时域上长度相等,所述2M个信号对应一个或一个以上的时域符号。
在一些实施例中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中至少有一个符号的以下至少之一特征与用于承载数据的时域符号不同:
符号在时域上的长度;
符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;
符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;
符号高电平与低电平占比。
在一些实施例中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度不相等。
在一些实施例中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中的至少一个符号的长度与用于承载数据的时域符号的长度不同。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号至少包含所述第一标识对应的N比特中除所述M比特以外的比特。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号还包含所述终端设备选择信息和/或与所述第二信号发送相关的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载信息的符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度相等。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息用于网络设备通知所述终端设备发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息为选择条件和/或选择参数,用于所述终端设备确定发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号。
在一些实施例中,所述终端设备选择信息包括以下至少一项:
终端设备标识;
终端设备的参数/属性;
终端设备的进程号;
终端设备选择标识;
终端设备盘点标识。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号发送相关的信息至少包括以下信息之一:
与所述第二频率相关的信息,
与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息,
与所述第二信号内容相关的信息,
与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息至少包括以下之一:
所述第二信号时域资源的起始位置,
所述第二信号时域资源与所述第一信号所在时域位置的时间间隔,
所述第二信号持续时间,
用于所述终端设备确定能够用于(available)所述第二信号发送的时域资源的参数,
能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源的起始位置,和/或,持续时间,和/或,结束位置,
用于所述终端设备在能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源中选择用于发送所述第二信号的时域资源的参数。
在一些实施例中,与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息至少包含以下之一:
与所述第二信号前导码有关的信息,
与所述第二信号CRC校验生成和/或发送有关的信息,
与所述第二信号的信道编码(前向纠错码)有关的信息,
与所述第二信号调制有关的信息,
与所述第二信号符号长度有关的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信号至少用于承载所述终端设备的第二识别信息,所述第二识别信息用于在一个范围内和/或一段时间内标识所述终端设备。
在一些实施例中,所述第二识别信息为所述终端设备的固有标识,或者,为所述
终端设备自行生成或选择的序列或标识,或者为网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的标识。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信号的内容包含CRC校验码,所述CRC校验码的长度为Y比特。
在一些实施例中,所述第一子信号承载二进制比特组成的序列。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信号还承载以下信息之一:
用于随机接入有关的参数,
用于下行数据传输的参数,
用于上行数据传输的参数,
与下行控制信道相关的参数。
以上各个实施例仅对本申请实施例进行了示例性说明,但本申请不限于此,还可以在以上各个实施例的基础上进行适当的变型。例如,可以单独使用上述各个实施例,也可以将以上各个实施例中的一种或多种结合起来。
值得注意的是,以上仅对与本申请相关的各部件或模块进行了说明,但本申请不限于此。同步装置1000还可以包括其他部件或者模块,关于这些部件或者模块的具体内容,可以参考相关技术。
此外,为了简单起见,图10中仅示例性示出了各个部件或模块之间的连接关系或信号走向,但是本领域技术人员应该清楚的是,可以采用总线连接等各种相关技术。上述各个部件或模块可以通过例如处理器、存储器、发射机、接收机等硬件设施来实现;本申请实施并不对此进行限制。
由上述实施例可知,终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备的同步,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本。
第四方面的实施例
本申请实施例提供一种同步装置。该装置例如可以是网络设备或中间节点或辅助节点,也可以是配置于网络设备或中间节点或辅助节点的某个或某些部件或者组件,与第一至三方面的实施例相同的内容不再赘述。
图11是本申请实施例的同步装置的另一示意图,如图11所示,同步装置1100包
括:
发送单元1101,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
接收单元1102,其在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
以上各个实施例仅对本申请实施例进行了示例性说明,但本申请不限于此,还可以在以上各个实施例的基础上进行适当的变型。例如,可以单独使用上述各个实施例,也可以将以上各个实施例中的一种或多种结合起来。
值得注意的是,以上仅对与本申请相关的各部件或模块进行了说明,但本申请不限于此。同步装置1100还可以包括其他部件或者模块,关于这些部件或者模块的具体内容,可以参考相关技术。
此外,为了简单起见,图11中仅示例性示出了各个部件或模块之间的连接关系或信号走向,但是本领域技术人员应该清楚的是,可以采用总线连接等各种相关技术。上述各个部件或模块可以通过例如处理器、存储器、发射机、接收机等硬件设施来实现;本申请实施并不对此进行限制。
由上述实施例可知,终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号。由此,能够实现低成本设备与网络设备的同步,可以有效降低终端设备的复杂度和成本。
第五方面的实施例
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统,可以参考图1至图3,与第一至四方面的实施例相同的内容不再赘述。
在一些实施例中,通信系统100至少可以包括:
网络设备,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;在第二频率接收所述终端设备发送的第二信号;
终端设备,其在所述第一频率接收所述第一信号,至少根据所述第一信号在所述第二频率发送所述第二信号;所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
本申请实施例还提供一种终端设备,但本申请不限于此,还可以是其他的设备。
图12是本申请实施例的终端设备的示意图。如图12所示,该终端设备1200可以包括处理器1210和存储器1220;例如存储器1220存储有数据和程序,并耦合到处理器1210。值得注意的是,该图是示例性的;还可以使用其他类型的结构,来补充或代替该结构,以实现电信功能或其他功能。
例如,处理器1210可以被配置为执行程序而实现如第一方面的实施例所述的同步方法。例如处理器1210可以被配置为进行如下的控制:在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
如图12所示,该终端设备1200还可以包括:通信模块1230;此外可以具有电源,也可以不具有电源。值得注意的是,终端设备1200也并不是必须要包括图12中所示的所有部件,上述部件并不是必需的;此外,终端设备1200还可以包括图12中没有示出的部件,可以参考现有技术。
本申请实施例还提供一种网络设备,例如可以是基站,但本申请不限于此,还可以是其他的网络设备。
图13是本申请实施例的网络设备的构成示意图。如图13所示,网络设备1300可以包括:处理器1310(例如中央处理器CPU)和存储器1320;存储器1320耦合到处理器1310。其中该存储器1320可存储各种数据;此外还存储信息处理的程序1330,并且在处理器1310的控制下执行该程序1330。
例如,处理器1310可以被配置为执行程序而实现如第二方面的实施例所述的同步方法。例如处理器1310可以被配置为进行如下的控制:在第一频率向终端设备发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;在第二频率接收所述终端设备发送的第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
此外,如图13所示,网络设备1300还可以包括:收发机1340和天线1350等;其中,上述部件的功能与现有技术类似,此处不再赘述。值得注意的是,网络设备1300
也并不是必须要包括图13中所示的所有部件;此外,网络设备1300还可以包括图13中没有示出的部件,可以参考现有技术。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序,其中当在终端设备中执行所述程序时,所述程序使得所述终端设备执行第一方面的实施例所述的同步方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种存储有计算机程序的存储介质,其中所述计算机程序使得终端设备执行第一方面的实施例所述的同步方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序,其中当在网络设备中执行所述程序时,所述程序使得所述网络设备执行第二方面的实施例所述的同步方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种存储有计算机程序的存储介质,其中所述计算机程序使得网络设备执行第二方面的实施例所述的同步方法。
本申请以上的装置和方法可以由硬件实现,也可以由硬件结合软件实现。本申请涉及这样的计算机可读程序,当该程序被逻辑部件所执行时,能够使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的装置或构成部件,或使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的各种方法或步骤。本申请还涉及用于存储以上程序的存储介质,如硬盘、磁盘、光盘、DVD、flash存储器等。
结合本申请实施例描述的方法/装置可直接体现为硬件、由处理器执行的软件模块或二者组合。例如,图中所示的功能框图中的一个或多个和/或功能框图的一个或多个组合,既可以对应于计算机程序流程的各个软件模块,亦可以对应于各个硬件模块。这些软件模块,可以分别对应于图中所示的各个步骤。这些硬件模块例如可利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)将这些软件模块固化而实现。
软件模块可以位于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动磁盘、CD-ROM或者本领域已知的任何其它形式的存储介质。可以将一种存储介质耦接至处理器,从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息,且可向该存储介质写入信息;或者该存储介质可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。该软件模块可以存储在移动终端的存储器中,也可以存储在可插入移动终端的存储卡中。例如,若设备(如移动终端)采用的是较大容量的MEGA-SIM卡或者大容量的闪存装置,则该软件模块可存储在该MEGA-SIM卡或者大容量的闪存装置中。
针对附图中描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合,可以实现为用于执行本申请所描述功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专
用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件或者其任意适当组合。针对附图描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合,还可以实现为计算设备的组合,例如,DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、与DSP通信结合的一个或多个微处理器或者任何其它这种配置。
以上结合具体的实施方式对本申请进行了描述,但本领域技术人员应该清楚,这些描述都是示例性的,并不是对本申请保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员可以根据本申请的精神和原理对本申请做出各种变型和修改,这些变型和修改也在本申请的范围内。
关于包括以上实施例的实施方式,还公开下述的附记:
1.一种同步方法,包括:
终端设备在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于所述终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
所述终端设备至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
2.一种同步方法,包括:
网络设备在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;
所述网络设备在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
3.一种终端设备,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述处理器被配置为执行所述计算机程序而实现如附记1所述的同步方法。
4.一种网络设备,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述处理器被配置为执行所述计算机程序而实现如附记2所述的同步方法。
5.一种计算机程序产品,至少包含有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得终端设备执行如附记1所述的同步方法。
6.一种计算机程序产品,至少包含有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得网络设备执行如附记2所述的同步方法。
Claims (20)
- 一种同步装置,包括:接收单元,其在第一频率接收第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;发送单元,其至少根据所述第一信号在第二频率发送第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一信号承载以下信息至少之一:第一标识、终端设备选择信息、与所述第二信号发送相关的信息;其中,所述第一标识为网络设备标识和/或网络设备对应的小区标识。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一子信号包含一个或一个以上的符号,所述第二子信号包含一个以上的符号;其中,所述第一子信号包含的至少一个符号与所述第二子信号包含的至少一个符号的以下至少之一特征不同:符号在时域上的长度;符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;符号中高电平与低电平占比。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二子信号所承载的内容包括CRC校验码,所述CRC校验码的长度为Z比特;和/或,所述第一子信号不包含CRC校验码。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二子信号包含第一标识的一部分,或者,所述第二子信号包含所述第一标识的全部;其中,所述第一标识对应N比特;所述第一子信号与所述第一标识对应的N比特中的M比特相关,M小于或等于N。
- 根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述第一子信号为2M个信号中的一个,所述终端设备根据所述第一子信号确定所述第一标识中的M比特信息。
- 根据权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述2M个信号在时域上长度相等,所述2M个信号对应一个或一个以上的时域符号。
- 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中至少有一个符号的以下至少之一特征与用于承载数据的时域符号不同:符号在时域上的长度;符号高电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;符号低电平在所述符号持续时间的分布;符号图案/符号持续时间内高低电平的分布;符号高电平与低电平占比。
- 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度不相等;和/或,所述2M个信号所对应的时域符号中的至少一个符号的长度与用于承载数据的时域符号的长度不同。
- 根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述第二子信号至少包含所述第一标识对应的N比特中除所述M比特以外的比特。
- 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述第二子信号还包含所述终端设备选择信息和/或与所述第二信号发送相关的信息;和/或,所述第二子信号包含的用于承载信息的符号中至少有两个符号的时域长度相等。
- 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述终端设备选择信息用于网络设备通知所述终端设备发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号;或者,所述终端设备选择信息为选择条件和/或选择参数,用于所述终端设备确定发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号,或者,不发送与所述第一信号有关的所述第二信号。
- 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述终端设备选择信息包括以下至少一项:终端设备标识;终端设备的参数/属性;终端设备的进程号;终端设备选择标识;终端设备盘点标识。
- 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,与所述第二信号发送相关的信息至少包括以下信息之一:与所述第二频率相关的信息,与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息,与所述第二信号内容相关的信息,与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息。
- 根据权利要求14所述的装置,其中,与所述第二信号所在的时域资源相关的信息至少包括以下之一:所述第二信号时域资源的起始位置,所述第二信号时域资源与所述第一信号所在时域位置的时间间隔,所述第二信号持续时间,用于所述终端设备确定能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源的参数,能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源的起始位置,和/或,持续时间,和/或,结束位置,用于所述终端设备在能够用于所述第二信号发送的时域资源中选择用于发送所述第二信号的时域资源的参数;其中,与所述第二信号发送方式相关的信息至少包含以下之一:与所述第二信号前导码有关的信息,与所述第二信号CRC校验生成和/或发送有关的信息,与所述第二信号的信道编码有关的信息,与所述第二信号调制有关的信息,与所述第二信号符号长度有关的信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二信号至少用于承载所述终端设备的第二识别信息,所述第二识别信息用于在一个范围内和/或一段时间内标识所述终端设备;其中,所述第二识别信息为所述终端设备的固有标识,或者,为所述终端设备自 行生成或选择的序列或标识,或者为网络设备为所述终端设备配置/分配/指定的标识。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第二信号的内容包含CRC校验码,所述CRC校验码的长度为Y比特;和/或,所述第一子信号承载二进制比特组成的序列。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一信号还承载以下信息之一:用于随机接入有关的参数,用于下行数据传输的参数,用于上行数据传输的参数,与下行控制信道相关的参数。
- 一种同步装置,包括:发送单元,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;接收单元,其在第二频率接收第二信号,所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
- 一种通信系统,包括:网络设备,其在第一频率发送第一信号,所述第一信号包含第一子信号和第二子信号,所述第一信号至少用于终端设备进行定时和/或时间同步;并在第二频率接收第二信号;终端设备,其在所述第一频率接收所述第一信号,以及至少根据所述第一信号在所述第二频率发送所述第二信号;所述第二信号为所述终端设备通过反向散射第一波形形成的信号或者为所述终端设备自主生成的信号。
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