WO2025103100A1 - 车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备 - Google Patents

车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025103100A1
WO2025103100A1 PCT/CN2024/126694 CN2024126694W WO2025103100A1 WO 2025103100 A1 WO2025103100 A1 WO 2025103100A1 CN 2024126694 W CN2024126694 W CN 2024126694W WO 2025103100 A1 WO2025103100 A1 WO 2025103100A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
vehicle
rotating wheel
carrying platform
chassis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/126694
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴凯
产利兵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025103100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025103100A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/02—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains or screws and movable along pillars
    • B66F7/04—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains or screws and movable along pillars hydraulically or pneumatically operated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is based on an application with CN application number CN202311544439.6 and application date November 17, 2023, and claims priority.
  • the disclosure content of the CN application is hereby introduced into the present disclosure as a whole.
  • the present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle battery replacement, and in particular, to a battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement and vehicle battery replacement equipment.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a battery transportation device and vehicle battery replacement equipment for vehicle battery replacement that are conducive to lowering the height so as to enter under the vehicle.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement, the battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement comprising:
  • a carrying platform configured to carry the battery and mounted on the chassis in a liftable manner
  • the lifting drive mechanism includes a rotating wheel, a driving component for driving the rotating wheel to lift and lower, and a flexible rope wound around the rotating wheel.
  • One end of the flexible rope is connected to the chassis, and the other end is connected to the bearing platform.
  • the flexible rope is configured to drive the bearing platform to lift and lower as the rotating wheel rises and falls.
  • a plurality of lifting drive mechanisms are arranged along the periphery of the carrying platform, and the plurality of lifting drive mechanisms move independently of each other to adjust the angle of the carrying platform relative to the horizontal plane.
  • a placement groove open upward is provided on the chassis, and the carrying platform is installed in the placement groove in a liftable manner.
  • the lifting drive mechanism is disposed in the placement groove and is arranged with the bearing platform along the horizontal diameter direction of the rotating wheel.
  • the lifting drive mechanism is located between the edge of the carrying platform and the side wall of the placement groove.
  • the lifting drive mechanism further includes a rotating wheel frame and a guide component for guiding the rotating wheel frame to move in a vertical direction, the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted on the rotating wheel frame, and the driving component is connected to the rotating wheel frame and is configured to drive the rotating wheel frame to move in a vertical direction.
  • the lifting drive mechanism further includes a guide rod extending in the vertical direction and connected to the rotating wheel frame, and the guide component is provided with a guide hole extending in the vertical direction, and the guide rod is slidably disposed in the guide hole.
  • the vehicle battery transport device further comprises:
  • a lifting frame is connected to the other end of the flexible cable so as to be lifted and lowered by the flexible cable;
  • a plurality of slings are arranged along the circumference of the bearing platform, the upper ends of the plurality of slings are respectively connected to the lifting frames, and the lower ends of the plurality of slings are respectively connected to the bearing platform.
  • the lifting frame includes a frame extending along the edge of the lifting platform, a first sling connection structure is provided on one side of the frame close to the load-bearing platform, and a second sling connection structure is provided on the load-bearing platform.
  • the load-bearing platform includes a load-bearing platform body and a connecting piece connected to the load-bearing platform body and extending downward, and the second sling connection structure is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting piece.
  • the invention further includes a locking and unlocking mechanism mounted on the carrier platform for opening and/or closing a fixing lock for fixing the battery on the vehicle.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism includes:
  • the locking and unlocking gun protrudes from the bearing plane of the bearing platform
  • the driving motor is installed below the carrying platform and is transmission-connected with the locking and unlocking gun.
  • a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms are installed on the carrying platform, and each locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms configured to correspond one-to-one with a plurality of fixed locks of the same battery.
  • the carrying platform includes multiple carrying parts adapted to a single battery, the carrying parts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with multiple groups of locking and unlocking mechanisms, and the multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms of each group of locking and unlocking mechanisms are arranged along the edge of the corresponding carrying part.
  • the battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement also includes a positioning component provided on the carrying platform for locating the position of the carrying platform for removing or installing the battery.
  • the chassis is configured to be movable to any position around its circumference and/or the chassis is configured to rotate about a rotation axis Z that is vertical and located in the middle of the chassis.
  • the chassis includes a plurality of wheels, the plurality of wheels are steering wheels that can be steered independently of each other, or the plurality of wheels are Mecanum wheels.
  • a vehicle battery swapping device is also provided, and the vehicle battery swapping device includes the above-mentioned battery transport device for vehicle battery swapping.
  • the rotating wheel and the flexible cable of the lifting drive mechanism constitute a movable pulley mechanism.
  • the rotating wheel moves in the vertical direction to drive the carrying platform to rise and fall.
  • the lifting stroke of the carrying platform is twice the lifting stroke of the rotating wheel.
  • the driving height of the battery transport device is relatively low, which is conducive to driving under the vehicle to perform battery replacement operations.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an electric device disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of a battery disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement (after the carrying platform is raised) disclosed in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a chassis of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a chassis and a lifting drive mechanism of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting and driving mechanism of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a lifting frame of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a load-bearing platform of a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement disclosed in some embodiments of the present application. Schematic diagram of the structure of the platform.
  • scope disclosed in the present application is limited in the form of lower limit and upper limit, and given range is limited by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundary of special range.
  • the scope limited in this way can be including end value or not including end value, and can be combined arbitrarily, that is, any lower limit can form a scope with any upper limit combination.
  • any lower limit can form a scope with any upper limit combination.
  • the scope of 60-120 and 80-110 is listed for a particular parameter, it is understood that the scope of 60-110 and 80-120 is also expected.
  • the minimum range value 1 and 2 listed, and if the maximum range value 3,4 and 5 are listed the following scope can all be expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5.
  • the numerical range “ab” represents the abbreviation of any real number combination between a and b, wherein a and b are real numbers.
  • the numerical range "0-5" means that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed in this article, and "0-5" is just an abbreviation of these numerical combinations.
  • a parameter is expressed as an integer ⁇ 2, it is equivalent to disclosing the parameter. It is, for example, an integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.
  • the method includes steps (a) and (b), which means that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially.
  • the method may further include step (c), which means that step (c) may be added to the method in any order.
  • the method may include steps (a), (b) and (c), or may include steps (a), (c) and (b), or may include steps (c), (a) and (b), etc.
  • the “include” and “comprising” mentioned in this application are open-ended or closed-ended.
  • the “include” and “comprising” may mean that other components not listed may also be included or only the listed components may be included or only the listed components may be included.
  • the term "or” is inclusive.
  • the phrase “A or B” means “A, B, or both A and B”. More specifically, any of the following conditions satisfies the condition "A or B”: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist); A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists); or both A and B are true (or exist).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric device using a battery as a power source; as shown in FIG1 , the electric device of this embodiment includes a vehicle 1000, which may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery pack 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery pack 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery pack 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery pack 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery pack 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.
  • the battery pack 100 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000. power.
  • the battery pack 100 includes a case 110 and a battery module disposed in the case 110, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 120, and the battery cells 120 are accommodated in the case 110.
  • the case 110 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cells 120, and the case 110 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the case 110 may include a first part 111 and a second part 112, the first part 111 and the second part 112 cover each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells 120.
  • the second part 112 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 111 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 111 covers the open side of the second part 112, so that the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define a storage space; the first part 111 and the second part 112 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 111 covers the open side of the second part 112.
  • the box body 110 formed by the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery pack 100 there may be multiple battery cells 120, and the multiple battery cells 120 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 120 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 120 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 120 is accommodated in the box 110; of course, the battery pack 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 120 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 110.
  • the battery pack 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery pack 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 120.
  • Each battery cell 120 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 120 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 120 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 120 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery pack 100.
  • the battery cell 120 includes an end cap 121, a housing 122, a battery cell assembly 123 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 121 refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell 122 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 120 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 121 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 122 to match the shell 122.
  • the end cap 121 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength, such as aluminum alloy, so that the end cap 121 is not easily deformed when squeezed or collided, so that the battery cell 120 can have a higher structural strength and improved safety performance.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 121a can be provided on the end cap 121. Electrode The terminal 121a can be used to electrically connect to the battery cell assembly 123 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 120.
  • the end cap 121 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 120 reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the end cap 21 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • an insulating member may also be provided on the inner side of the end cap 121, and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 122 from the end cap 121 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the shell 122 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 121 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 120, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly 123, electrolyte and other components.
  • the shell 122 and the end cap 121 can be independent components, and an opening can be set on the shell 122, and the internal environment of the battery cell 120 is formed by covering the opening with the end cap 121 at the opening.
  • the end cap 121 and the shell 122 can also be integrated.
  • the end cap 121 and the shell 122 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the shell, and when it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the shell 122, the end cap 121 covers the shell 122.
  • the shell 122 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the shell 122 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 123.
  • the shell 122 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special limitation on this.
  • the cell assembly 123 is a component where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 100.
  • the housing 122 may contain one or more cell assemblies 123.
  • the cell assembly 123 is mainly formed by winding or stacking pole sheets, wherein the pole sheets include a positive pole sheet and a negative pole sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive pole sheet and the negative pole sheet.
  • the electrode sheet mainly includes a thin sheet-shaped current collector and an active material coated on the current collector.
  • the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the battery cell assembly, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active materials each constitute a tab 123a.
  • the positive tab and the negative tab can be located together at one end of the main body or at both ends of the main body respectively.
  • the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 123a connects the electrode terminal to form a current loop.
  • the openings for replacing batteries on some vehicles are set at the bottom of the vehicle. Furthermore, in order to transport the batteries to the bottom of the vehicle or transport the batteries out from the bottom of the vehicle, the height of the battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement needs to be designed to be lower.
  • the battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement in this embodiment includes a chassis 1 , a carrying platform 2 and a lifting drive mechanism 3 .
  • the carrying platform 2 is configured to carry the battery and is installed on the chassis 1 in a liftable manner.
  • the battery transport device first moves to the bottom of the vehicle, then raises the carrying platform 2 so that the carrying platform 2 supports the battery to be removed.
  • the carrying platform 2 lowers the battery and then moves to the outside of the vehicle. Then, the transport device moves to the bottom of the vehicle with the new battery, and then the carrying platform 2 raises the battery to the height of the vehicle's battery installation, and finally fixes the battery on the vehicle.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 includes a rotating wheel 31, a driving component 32 for driving the rotating wheel 31 to rise and fall, and a flexible rope 33 wound around the rotating wheel 31.
  • One end of the flexible rope 33 is connected to the chassis 1, and the other end is connected to the supporting platform 2.
  • the flexible rope 33 is configured to drive the supporting platform 2 to rise and fall as the rotating wheel 31 rises and falls.
  • the rotating wheel 31 and the flexible rope 33 of the lifting drive mechanism 3 constitute a movable pulley mechanism.
  • the rotating wheel 31 moves in the vertical direction to drive the carrying platform 2 to rise and fall.
  • the lifting stroke of the carrying platform 2 is twice the lifting stroke of the rotating wheel 31.
  • Multiple lifting drive mechanisms 3 are arranged along the periphery of the carrying platform 2, and the multiple lifting drive mechanisms 3 move independently of each other to adjust the angle of the carrying platform 2 relative to the horizontal plane.
  • the multiple lifting drive mechanisms 3 are not on the same straight line.
  • the multiple lifting drive mechanisms 3 drive the carrying platform 2 synchronously, the carrying platform 2 is lifted and lowered synchronously as a whole.
  • the angle of the carrying platform 2 relative to the horizontal direction can be adjusted so that the angle of the battery corresponds to the installation position.
  • the driving component 32 includes one of a hydraulic cylinder, a screw slider mechanism, and a lifting push rod.
  • the driving component 32 extends in the vertical direction, and uses a movable pulley mechanism composed of a rotating wheel 31 and a flexible cable 33 to drive the carrying platform 2 to rise and fall.
  • the driving component 32 with a smaller gear in the vertical direction can be used to reduce the height of the transport device in the driving state.
  • the screw slider mechanism includes a rotatable screw, a slider sleeved on the screw and matched with the screw thread, and a motor driving the screw to rotate. During the screw rotation, the slider moves up and down along the screw. The slider is connected to the rotating wheel 31 to drive the rotating wheel 31 to move up and down.
  • the flexible cable 33 includes a chain, and the rotating wheel 31 includes a sprocket wheel adapted to the chain.
  • the flexible cable 33 includes a rope, and the rotating wheel includes a pulley, and the rope is wound around the pulley.
  • a placement groove 13 with an open top is provided on the chassis 1, and the supporting platform 2 can be installed in the placement groove 13 in a liftable manner, which is beneficial to lowering the height of the transport device when it is in a driving state, so that the transport device can travel under the vehicle to perform battery replacement operations.
  • the chassis 1 includes a chassis frame surrounding the above-mentioned placement groove 13.
  • the chassis frame of the chassis 1 includes two first chassis frames 11a arranged in parallel and spaced apart and two second chassis frames 11a arranged in parallel and spaced apart.
  • the chassis frame 11 b wherein the first chassis frame 11 a is perpendicular to the second chassis frame 11 b, and the two first chassis frames 11 a and the two second chassis frames 11 b form a rectangular mounting groove 13 .
  • the chassis 1 is configured to be movable to any direction in its circumferential direction and/or the chassis 1 is configured to rotate about a rotation axis Z which is vertical and located in the middle of the chassis 1 .
  • the chassis 1 further comprises a plurality of wheels 12 mounted below the chassis frame, wherein the wheels 12 comprise steering wheels or Mecanum wheels.
  • two rows of front and rear wheels 12 are arranged on the chassis 1, and each row is provided with two wheels 12. Both wheels 12 in each row are steering wheels, and multiple wheels 12 can be steered and rotated independently.
  • the chassis 1 can be moved in any direction in the horizontal XY plane, and the chassis 1 can also be rotated around the vertical rotation axis Z.
  • the XY plane is also the specific surface of the roughly horizontal battery exchange site.
  • one of the X direction and the Y direction is parallel to the length direction of the chassis 1, and the other is parallel to the width direction of the chassis 1.
  • two front and rear rows of wheels 12 are provided on the chassis 1, each row is provided with two wheels 12, and the two wheels 12 in each row are Mecanum wheels.
  • the multiple wheels 12 cooperate with each other to enable the chassis 1 to move in any direction in the horizontal XY plane, and also to enable the chassis 1 to rotate around the vertical rotation axis.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 is disposed in the placement groove 13 and arranged with the carrying platform 2 along the horizontal diameter direction of the rotating wheel 31, which helps to prevent the lifting drive mechanism 3 from increasing the size of the transport device in the height direction.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 is located between the edge of the carrying platform 2 and the side wall of the placement groove 13.
  • the carrying platform 2 is embedded in the placement groove 13 surrounded by the chassis frame of the chassis 1, and the lifting drive mechanism 3 is arranged in the gap between the carrying platform 2 and the chassis frame.
  • the flexible cable 33 is wound around the rotating wheel 31, and the part of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the rotating wheel 31 close to the carrying platform 2 is connected to the carrying platform 2, and the part of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the rotating wheel 31 close to the chassis frame of the chassis 1 is connected to the chassis 1.
  • a first flexible cable connection structure 14 for connecting the flexible cable 33 is provided on the chassis 1.
  • the bottom of the driving component 32 is flush with the bottom of the chassis 1.
  • the driving component 32 is a mechanism that can be retracted in the vertical direction, and the rotating wheel 31 is installed at the top of the driving component 32.
  • the process of the driving component 32 retracting and retracting drives the rotating wheel 31 to rise and fall.
  • the flexible cable 33 is wound around the rotating wheel 31, and the two parts of the flexible cable 33 located on both sides of the rotating wheel 31 extend downward respectively, wherein the bottom end of a part of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the rotating wheel 31 close to the supporting platform 2 is connected to the supporting platform 2, and the bottom end of a part of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the chassis frame of the chassis 1 close to the rotating wheel 31 is connected to the chassis 1.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 further includes a rotating wheel frame 34 and a guide component 36 for guiding the rotating wheel frame 34 to move in the vertical direction
  • the rotating wheel 31 is rotatably mounted on the rotating wheel frame 34
  • the driving component 32 is connected to the rotating wheel frame 34 and is configured to drive the rotating wheel frame 34 to move in the vertical direction.
  • the guide component 36 guides the rotating wheel 31 to move in the vertical direction, effectively improving the smoothness of the lifting process of the load-bearing platform.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 also includes a guide rod 35 extending in the vertical direction, the guide rod 35 is connected to the rotating wheel frame 34, and a guide hole extending in the vertical direction is provided on the guide component 35.
  • the guide rod 35 can be slidably arranged in the guide hole, and the guide component 36 is installed on the chassis 1.
  • the guide component 36 of this embodiment has the characteristics of simple structure and high stability.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 3 includes two rotating wheels 31 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide component 36.
  • the two rotating wheels 31 are mounted on the same rotating wheel frame 34.
  • Each rotating wheel is correspondingly provided with a flexible rope 33 and a driving component 32.
  • the two driving components 32 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide component 36 and are respectively connected to the rotating wheel frame 34 to improve the stability of the rotating wheel 31 during the lifting process.
  • the battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement also includes a lifting frame 4 and a plurality of slings 6.
  • the lifting frame 4 is connected to the other end of the flexible rope 33 so as to be lifted and lowered driven by the flexible rope 33; the plurality of slings 6 are arranged along the circumference of the carrying platform 2, the upper ends of the plurality of slings 6 are respectively connected to the lifting frame 4, and the lower ends of the plurality of slings 6 are respectively connected to the carrying platform 2.
  • the rotating wheel 31 and the flexible rope 33 of the lifting drive mechanism 3 drive the lifting frame 4 to rise and fall, and the lifting frame 4 drives the carrying platform 2 to rise through the plurality of slings 6.
  • the carrying platform 2 is connected to the lifting frame 4 in a floating manner through the slings 6, which is conducive to preventing the battery placed on the carrying platform 2 from having a hard collision with the vehicle, and also adjusts a certain position when there are some errors between the battery and the battery installation position to enter the battery installation position.
  • the lifting frame 4 includes a frame 41 extending along the edge of the lifting platform 2, and a first sling connection structure 42 is provided on one side of the frame 41 close to the load-bearing platform 2, see Figure 9.
  • a second sling connection structure 22 is provided on the load-bearing platform 2, see Figure 10.
  • a second flexible cable connection structure 44 is provided on the side of the frame 41 away from the supporting platform 2, a portion of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the rotating wheel 31 close to the lifting frame 4 is connected to the second flexible cable connection structure 44, and a portion of the flexible cable 33 located on the side of the rotating wheel 31 close to the chassis 1 is connected to a first flexible cable connection structure 14 provided on the chassis frame, see FIG8 .
  • the carrying platform 2 includes a carrying platform body 21 and a connecting piece 23 which is connected to the carrying platform body 21 and extends downward, and a second sling connection structure 22 is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting piece 23 to lower the height of the transport device in a driving state, so as to realize the connection mode of the carrying platform 2 suspended on the lifting frame 4 while ensuring that the height of the transport device is low.
  • the lifting frame 4 includes two opposite frames 41 and a middle connecting beam 43 connecting the two frames 41.
  • the two ends of the middle connecting beam 43 located at the end of the frame 41 in the length direction are respectively connected to the upper part of the two frames 41, and the two ends of the middle connecting beam 43 located in the middle of the frame 41 in the length direction are respectively connected to the bottom of the two frames 41, so that the carrying platform 2 can be lowered to a position at least partially lower than the upper end of the frame 41, which is conducive to reducing the overall height of the transportation device.
  • the transport device further includes a locking and unlocking mechanism 5 mounted on the carrying platform 2 for opening and/or closing a fixed lock for fixing the battery on the vehicle.
  • a locking and unlocking mechanism 5 mounted on the carrying platform 2 for opening and/or closing a fixed lock for fixing the battery on the vehicle.
  • the carrying platform 2 is raised to a position to support the battery to be removed, and the locking and unlocking mechanism 5 unlocks the fixed lock for fixing the battery.
  • the carrying platform 2 is lowered with the battery and then moved to the outside of the vehicle. Then, the transport device moves to the bottom of the vehicle with the new battery, and then the carrying platform 2 raises the battery to the height of the vehicle for installing the battery, and finally fixes the battery on the vehicle and turns the fixed lock for fixing the battery to a locked state.
  • each set of locking and unlocking mechanisms 5 includes multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 5 configured to correspond to multiple fixed locks of the same battery.
  • the carrier platform 2 of this embodiment can complete the removal or installation of multiple batteries at the same time, and has the characteristics of high work efficiency and strong compatibility.
  • the carrying platform 2 includes a plurality of carrying parts adapted to a single battery, and the carrying parts are arranged one by one with a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms 5, and the locking and unlocking mechanisms 5 of each locking and unlocking mechanism 5 are arranged along the edge of the corresponding carrying part.
  • the plurality of carrying parts are arranged independently of each other, and each carrying part is connected to the lifting frame 4 through a sling 6.
  • Each carrying part can float independently to adapt to specific conditions, and has the characteristics of high flexibility.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 5 includes a locking and unlocking gun 51 and a driving motor 52.
  • the locking and unlocking gun 51 protrudes from the load plane of the load platform 2; the driving motor 52 is installed below the load platform 2 and is in transmission connection with the locking and unlocking gun 51. After the locking and unlocking gun 51 is docked with the fixed lock of the fixed battery, it drives the lock to switch between the open state and the locked state.
  • the battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement also includes a positioning component 7 provided on the carrying platform 2 for positioning the position of the carrying platform 2 for removing or installing the battery.
  • the positioning component 7 includes a guide column erected on the carrying platform 2, and a positioning hole adapted to the guide column is provided on the vehicle. After the guide column is aligned with the positioning hole, the carrying platform 2 is in a position for removing or installing the battery. During the lifting and lowering of the carrying platform 2, the guide column moves up and down in the positioning hole.
  • the carrying platform 2 can be positioned in a predetermined working position by the positioning component 7, so as to stably complete the battery removal or installation work and open or close the fixed lock that fixes the battery.
  • a vehicle battery replacement device includes the above-mentioned battery transportation device for vehicle battery replacement.
  • the vehicle battery replacement device also includes a battery warehouse for storing batteries, and the battery warehouse is provided with A charging system for charging batteries, and a battery transport device for vehicle battery replacement are used to transport batteries removed from the vehicle to the battery warehouse and to transport batteries that have been charged in the battery warehouse to the vehicle.

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Abstract

一种车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备，车辆换电用电池运输装置包括：底盘(1)；承载平台(2)，被配置成承载电池并可升降地安装在底盘(1)上；以及升降驱动机构(3)，包括转轮(31)、驱动转轮(31)升降的驱动部件(32)和绕设在转轮(31)上的柔索(33)，柔索(33)的一端与底盘(1)连接，另一端与承载平台(2)连接，柔索(33)被配置成随转轮(31)升降而带动承载平台(2)升降。

Description

车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备
本公开是以CN申请号为CN202311544439.6，申请日为2023年11月17日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆换电领域，具体而言，涉及一种车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备。
背景技术
为了使得电动车辆能够快速的实现能量的补充，一些现有技术中采用更换电池的方法为电动车辆实现快速的能量补充，一些电动车量的电车布置在车辆的下方，需要换电设备在车辆的下方拆卸和安装电池。
发明内容
本公开旨在提供一种有利于降低高度以进入到车辆下方的车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备。
根据本公开实施例的一个方面，本公开提供了一种车辆换电用电池运输装置，车辆换电用电池运输装置包括：
底盘；
承载平台，被配置成承载电池并可升降地安装在底盘上；以及
升降驱动机构，包括转轮、驱动转轮升降的驱动部件和绕设在转轮上的柔索，柔索的一端与底盘连接，另一端与承载平台连接，柔索被配置成随转轮升降而带动承载平台升降。
在一些实施例中，多个升降驱动机构沿承载平台的周边布置，多个升降驱动机构彼此独立的运动，以调整承载平台相对于水平面的角度。
在一些实施例中，底盘上设置有敞口向上的安置槽，承载平台可升降地安装在安置槽中。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构设置在安置槽中，并与承载平台沿转轮的水平的直径方向布置。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构位于承载平台的边缘和安置槽的侧壁之间。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构还包括转轮架和引导转轮架沿竖直方向移动的导向部件，转轮可转动地安装在转轮架上，驱动部件与转轮架连接并被配置成驱动转轮架沿竖直方向移动。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构还包括沿竖直方向延伸并与转轮架连接的导向杆，导向部件上设有沿竖直方向延伸的导向孔，导向杆可滑动地设置在导向孔中。
在一些实施例中，车辆换电用电池运输装置还包括：
升降架，与柔索的另一端连接，以在柔索的带动下升降；
多个吊索，沿承载平台的周向布置，多个吊索的上端分别与升降架连接，多个吊索的下端分别与承载平台连接。
在一些实施例中，升降架包括沿升降平台的边缘延伸的边框，边框的靠近承载平台的一侧设置有第一吊索连接结构，承载平台上设置有第二吊索连接结构。
在一些实施例中，承载平台包括承载平台本体与承载平台本体连接并向下延伸的连接件，第二吊索连接结构设置在连接件的底端。
在一些实施例中，还包括安装在承载平台上的用于打开和/或关闭用于将电池固定在车辆上的固定锁的加解锁机构。
在一些实施例中，加解锁机构包括：
加解锁枪，突出于承载平台的承载平面；
驱动电机，安装在承载平台的下方，并与加解锁枪传动连接。
在一些实施例中，承载平台上安装有多组加解锁机构，每组加解锁机构包括被配置成与同一电池的多个固定锁一一对应地设置的多个加解锁机构。
在一些实施例中，承载平台包括与单个电池相适配的多个承载部，承载部与多组加解锁机构一一对应地设置，每组加解锁机构的多个加解锁机构沿相应的承载部的边缘布置。
在一些实施例中，车辆换电用电池运输装置还包括设在承载平台上的用于定位承载平台的拆卸或安装电池的位置的定位部件。
在一些实施例中，底盘被配置成可向其周向任意方位移动和/或底盘被配置成以竖直的且位于底盘的中部的转动轴线Z转动。
在一些实施例中，底盘包括多个车轮，多个车轮为可相互独立地转向的舵轮，或多个车轮为麦克纳姆轮。
根据本公开的另一方面，还提供了一种车辆换电设备，车辆换电设备包括上述的车辆换电用电池运输装置。
应用本申请的技术方案，升降驱动机构的转轮和柔索构成动滑轮机构，转轮在竖直方向移动带动承载平台升降，承载平台升降的行程为转轮升降的行程的两倍，升降平台降低到最低位置的电池运输装置的行驶状态的高度较低，有利于行驶到车辆底下进行电池更换作业。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种用电装置的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图3示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图4示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的结构示意图；
图5示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置(承载平台被升起后)的结构示意图；
图6示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的底盘的结构示意图；
图7示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的底盘和升降驱动机构的结构示意图；
图8示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的升降驱动机构的结构示意图；
图9示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的升降架的结构示意图；以及
图10示出了本申请的一些实施例公开的一种车辆换电用电池运输装置的承载平 台的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开的实施例中的附图，对本公开的实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
进一步地，本申请所公开的“范围”以下限和上限的形式来限定，给定范围是通过选定一个下限和一个上限进行限定的，选定的下限和上限限定了特别范围的边界。这种方式进行限定的范围可以是包括端值或不包括端值的，并且可以进行任意地组合，即任何下限可以与任何上限组合形成一个范围。例如，如果针对特定参数列出了60-120和80-110的范围，理解为60-110和80-120的范围也是预料到的。此外，如果列出的最小范围值1和2，和如果列出了最大范围值3，4和5，则下面的范围可全部预料到：1-3、1-4、1-5、2-3、2-4和2-5。在本申请中，除非有其他说明，数值范围“a-b”表示a到b之间的任意实数组合的缩略表示，其中a和b都是实数。例如数值范围“0-5”表示本文中已经全部列出了“0-5”之间的全部实数，“0-5”只是这些数值组合的缩略表示。另外，当表述某个参数为≥2的整数，则相当于公开了该参数 为例如整数2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12等。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有实施方式以及可选实施方式可以相互组合形成新的技术方案。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有技术特征以及可选技术特征可以相互组合形成新的技术方案。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请的所有步骤可以顺序进行，也可以随机进行，优选是顺序进行的。例如，所述方法包括步骤(a)和(b)，表示所述方法可包括顺序进行的步骤(a)和(b)，也可以包括顺序进行的步骤(b)和(a)。例如，所述提到所述方法还可包括步骤(c)，表示步骤(c)可以任意顺序加入到所述方法，例如，所述方法可以包括步骤(a)、(b)和(c)，也可包括步骤(a)、(c)和(b)，也可以包括步骤(c)、(a)和(b)等。
如果没有特别的说明，本申请所提到的“包括”和“包含”表示开放式，也可以是封闭式。例如，所述“包括”和“包含”可以表示还可以包括或包含没有列出的其他组分，也可以仅包括或包含列出的组分。
如果没有特别的说明，在本申请中，术语“或”是包括性的。举例来说，短语“A或B”表示“A，B，或A和B两者”。更具体地，以下任一条件均满足条件“A或B”：A为真(或存在)并且B为假(或不存在)；A为假(或不存在)而B为真(或存在)；或A和B都为真(或存在)。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
图1示出了一种采用电池作为动力源的用电装置的结构示意图；如图1所示，本实施例的用电装置包括车辆1000，该车辆1000可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池包100，电池包100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池包100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池包100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池包100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池包100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动 动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池包100的爆炸图。电池包100包括箱体110和设在箱体110内的电池模块，电池模块包括多个电池单体120，电池单体120容纳于箱体110内。其中，箱体110用于为电池单体120提供容纳空间，箱体110可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体110可以包括第一部分111和第二部分112，第一部分111与第二部分112相互盖合，第一部分111和第二部分112共同限定出用于容纳电池单体120的容纳空间。第二部分112可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分111可以为板状结构，第一部分111盖合于第二部分112的开口侧，以使第一部分111与第二部分112共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分111和第二部分112也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分111的开口侧盖合于第二部分112的开口侧。当然，第一部分111和第二部分112形成的箱体110可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池包100中，电池单体120可以是多个，多个电池单体120之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体120中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体120之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体120构成的整体容纳于箱体110内；当然，电池包100也可以是多个电池单体120先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体110内。电池包100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池包100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体120之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体120可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体120可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体120的分解结构示意图。电池单体120是指组成电池包100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体120包括有端盖121、壳体122、电芯组件123以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖121是指盖合于壳体122的开口处以将电池单体120的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖121的形状可以与壳体122的形状相适应以配合壳体122。可选地，端盖121可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质如铝合金制成，这样，端盖121在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体120能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖121上可以设置有如电极端子121a等的功能性部件。电极 端子121a可以用于与电芯组件123电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体120的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖121上还可以设置有用于在电池单体120的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖121的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体122内的电连接部件与端盖121，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体122是用于配合端盖121以形成电池单体120的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件123、电解液以及其他部件。壳体122和端盖121可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体122上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖121盖合开口以形成电池单体120的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖121和壳体122一体化，具体地，端盖121和壳体122可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体122的内部时，再使端盖121盖合壳体122。壳体122可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体122的形状可以根据电芯组件123的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体122的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电芯组件123是电池单体100中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体122内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件123。电芯组件123主要由极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，其中，极片包括正极片和负极片，通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。
极片主要包括薄片状的集流体和涂敷在集流体上的活性物质构成。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳123a。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池包100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳123a连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
车辆的两侧和前后两端均没有足够的空间设置更换电池的敞口，尤其是没有足够的空间设置进出较大尺寸的电池，针对上述的情况，一些车辆的更换电池的敞口设置在车辆的底部，进一步地，为了将电池运输车辆底部或件电池从车辆的底部运出，车辆换电用电池运输装置的高度需要设计的较低。
为了解决上述的问题，参见图4和图5，本实施例的车辆换电用电池运输装置包括底盘1、承载平台2和升降驱动机构3。
承载平台2被配置成承载电池并可升降地安装在底盘1上。在车辆更换电池的过 程中，电池运输装置首先移动到车辆的下方，然后升高承载平台2以使承载平台2支撑待拆卸下来的电池，电池被从车辆上拆解下来后，承载平台2携带电池降低，然后再移动到车辆的外侧。然后，运输装置携带新的电池移动到车辆的下方，然后承载平台2将电池升高到车辆的安装电池的高度，最后将电池固定在车辆上。
升降驱动机构3包括转轮31、驱动转轮31升降的驱动部件32和绕设在转轮31上的柔索33，柔索33的一端与底盘1连接，另一端与承载平台2连接，柔索33被配置成随转轮31升降而带动承载平台2升降。
在本实施例中，升降驱动机构3的转轮31和柔索33构成动滑轮机构，转轮31在竖直方向移动带动承载平台2升降，承载平台2升降的行程为转轮31升降的行程的两倍，升降平台2降低到最低位置的电池运输装置的行驶状态的高度较低，有利于行驶到车辆底下进行电池更换作业。
多个升降驱动机构3沿承载平台2的周边布置，多个所述升降驱动机构3彼此独立的运动，以调整所述承载平台2相对于水平面的角度。多个升降驱动机构3不在同一条直线上，多个升降驱动机构3同步驱动承载平台2时，承载平台2整体同步升降，多个升降驱动机构3不同步地驱动承载平台2的各个位置时，可以调整承载平台2相对于水平方向的角度，以使电池的角度与安装位置相对应。
在一些实施例中，驱动部件32包括液压缸、螺杆滑块机构和升降推杆中的一种。驱动部件32沿竖直方向延伸，采用由转轮31和柔索33构成动滑轮机构驱动承载平台2升降，可采用竖直方向齿轮较小的驱动部件32，以降低运输装置在行驶状态下的高度。
在一些实施例中，螺杆滑块机构包括可转动地螺杆、套设在螺杆上并与螺杆螺纹配合的滑块和驱动螺杆转动的电机，螺杆转动的过程中滑块沿螺杆上下移动。滑块和转轮31连接，以带动转轮31升降。
在一些实施例中，柔索33包括链条，转轮31包括与链条相适配的链轮。在另一些实施例中，柔索33包括绳索，转轮包括滑轮，绳索绕设在滑轮上。
在一些实施例中，底盘1上设置有敞口向上的安置槽13，承载平台2可升降地安装在安置槽13中，有利于降低运输装置在行驶状态时的高度，以使运输装置可行驶到车辆底下进行电池更换作业。
结合图6和7所示，底盘1包括围成上述的安置槽13的底盘框架。底盘1的底盘框架包括平行且间隔设置的两个第一底盘边框11a和平行且间隔设置的两个第二底 盘边框11b，其中第一底盘边框11a垂直于第二底盘边框11b，两个第一底盘边框11a和两个第二底盘边框11b围成矩形的安置槽13。
底盘1被配置成可向其周向任意方位移动和/或底盘1被配置成以竖直的且位于底盘1的中部的转动轴线Z转动。
底盘1还包括安装在底盘框架下方的多个车轮12，车轮12包括舵轮或麦克纳姆轮。
在一些实施例中，底盘1的上设置前后两排车轮12，每排设置有两个车轮12，每排的两个车轮12均为舵轮，多个车轮12均可独立地转向和独立地转动，通过调整多个车轮12的转向角度，可实现底盘1在水平的XY平面内任意方向移动，也可以实现底盘1绕竖直的转动轴线Z转动。XY平面也即大致水平的换电场地的比表面。在一些实施例中，X方向和Y方向中的一个平行于底盘1的长度方向，另一个平行于底盘1的宽度方向。
在另一些实施例中，底盘1的上设置前后两排车轮12，每排设置有两个车轮12，每排的两个车轮12均为麦克纳姆轮，多个车轮12相互配合，可实现底盘1在水平的XY平面内任意方向移动，也可以实现底盘1绕竖直的转动轴线转动。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构3设置在安置槽13中，并与承载平台2沿转轮31的水平的直径方向布置，有利于避免升降驱动机构3增加运输装置在高度方向的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构3位于承载平台2的边缘和安置槽13的侧壁之间。承载平台2嵌装底盘1的底盘框架围成的安置槽13中，升降驱动机构3设在承载平台2和底盘框架之间的间隙中。结合图4、5和8所示，柔索33绕设在转轮31上，柔索33位于转轮31的靠近承载平台2的一侧的部分与承载平台2连接，柔索33的位于转轮31的靠近底盘1的底盘框架的一侧的部分与底盘1连接。参见图8，底盘1上设置有用于连接柔索33的第一柔索连接结构14。
在一些实施例中，驱动部件32的底部与底盘1的底端平齐。驱动部件32为沿竖直方向可伸缩的机构，转轮31安装在驱动部件32的顶端，驱动部件32伸缩的过程带动转轮31升降。柔索33绕设在转轮31上，柔索33的分别位于转轮31的两侧的两部分分别向下延伸，其中柔索33的位于转轮31的靠近承载平台2的一侧的一部分的底端与承载平台2连接，柔索33的位于转轮31的靠近底盘1的底盘框架的一侧的一部分的底端与底盘1连接。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构3还包括转轮架34和引导转轮架34沿竖直方向移动的导向部件36，转轮31可转动地安装在转轮架34上，驱动部件32与转轮架34连接并被配置成驱动转轮架34沿竖直方向移动。导向部件36引导转轮31沿竖直方向移动，有效地提高承载平台升降过程的平顺性。
在一些实施例中，升降驱动机构3还包括沿竖直方向延伸的导向杆35，导向杆35与转轮架34连接，导向部件35上设有沿竖直方向延伸的导向孔，导向杆35可滑动地设置在导向孔中，导向部件36安装在底盘1上，本实施例的导向部件36具有结构简单、稳定性高的特点。
如图8所示，升降驱动机构3包括对称地布置在导向部件36两侧的两个转轮31，两个转轮31安装在同一转轮架34上，每个转轮对应设置有一个柔索33和一个驱动部件32。两个驱动部件32对称地布置在导向部件36的两侧并分别与转轮架34连接，以提高转轮31升降过程中的平稳性。
车辆换电用电池运输装置还包括升降架4和多个吊索6。升降架4与柔索33的另一端连接，以在柔索33带动下升降；多个吊索6沿承载平台2的周向布置，多个吊索6的上端分别与升降架4连接，多个吊索6的下端分别与承载平台2连接。升降驱动机构3的转轮31和柔索33驱动升降架4升降，升降架4通过多个吊索6带动承载平台2上升，承载平台2通过吊索6可浮动地连接在升降架4上，有利于防止放置在承载平台2上的电池与车辆产生硬性碰撞，也在电池与电池安装位置存在一些误差的情况下调整一定的位置，以进入到电池安装位置。
在一些实施例中，升降架4包括沿升降平台2的边缘延伸的边框41，边框41的靠近承载平台2的一侧设置有第一吊索连接结构42，参见图9。承载平台2上设置有第二吊索连接结构22，参见图10。
参见图9，边框41的远离承载平台2的一侧设置第二柔索连接结构44，柔索33的位于转轮31的靠近升降架4的一侧的部分与第二柔索连接结构44连接，柔索33的位于转轮31的靠近底盘1的一侧的部分与设置在底盘框架上的第一柔索连接结构14连接，参见图8。
参见图10，承载平台2包括承载平台本体21与承载平台本体21连接并向下延伸的连接件23，第二吊索连接结构22设置在连接件23的底端，以降低运输装置处于行驶状态的高度，以在保证运输装置高度较低的前提下实现承载平台2悬挂在升降架4上的连接方式。
升降架4包括相对的两个边框41和连接两个边框41的中间连接梁43。其中，位于边框41的长度方向的端部的中间连接梁43的两端分别与两个边框41的上部连接，位于边框41的长度方向的中部的中间连接梁43的两端分别与两个边框41的底部连接，以使承载平台2可降低到至少部分低于边框41的上端的位置，有利于降低运输装置的整体高度。
在一些实施例中，运输装置还包括安装在承载平台2上的用于打开和/或关闭用于将电池固定在车辆上的固定锁的加解锁机构5。在从车辆上拆卸电池的过程中，承载平台2升高到支撑待拆卸的电池的位置，加解锁机构5解锁固定电池的固定锁，电池被从车辆上拆解下来后，承载平台2携带电池降低，然后再移动到车辆的外侧。然后，运输装置携带新的电池移动到车辆的下方，然后承载平台2将电池升高到车辆的安装电池的高度，最后将电池固定在车辆上并将固定电池的固定锁转动至锁止状态。
承载平台2上安装有多组加解锁机构5，每组加解锁机构5包括被配置成与同一电池的多个固定锁一一对应地设置的多个加解锁机构5。本实施例的承载平台2可同时完成多个电池的拆卸或安装，具有工作效率高兼容性强的特点。
承载平台2包括与单个电池相适配的多个承载部，承载部与多组加解锁机构5一一对应地设置，每组加解锁机构5的多个加解锁机构5沿相应的承载部的边缘布置。多个承载部相互独立地设置，每个承载部通过个吊索6与升降架4连接。每个承载部可以独立地浮动，以适应具体情况，具有灵活度高的特点。
在一些实施例中，加解锁机构5包括加解锁枪51和驱动电机52。加解锁枪51突出于承载平台2的承载平面；驱动电机52安装在承载平台2的下方，并与加解锁枪51传动连接。加解锁枪51与固定电池的固定锁对接后带动锁在打开状态和锁定状态之间切换。
车辆换电用电池运输装置还包括设在所述承载平台2上的用于定位所述承载平台2的拆卸或安装电池的位置的定位部件7。在一些实施例中，定位部件7包括立设在承载平台2上的导向柱，车辆上设置有与导向柱相适配的定位孔，在导向柱与定位孔对准后，承载平台2处于拆卸或安装电池的位置，承载平台2升降移动的过程中导向柱在定位孔内上下移动，通过定位部件7可以将承载平台2定位在预定的工作位置，以稳定的完成电池拆卸或安装工作以及固定电池的固定锁打开或关闭。
根据本公开的另一方面，还提供了一种车辆换电设备，车辆换电设备包括上述的车辆换电用电池运输装置。车辆换电设备还包括存放电池的电池库，电池库内设置有 为电池充电的充电系统，车辆换电用电池运输装置用于将从车辆上拆卸下来的电池运输到电池库和将在电池库内完成充电的电池运输到车辆上。
以上所述仅为本公开的示例性实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种车辆换电用电池运输装置，包括：
    底盘(1)；
    承载平台(2)，被配置成承载电池并可升降地安装在所述底盘(1)上；以及
    升降驱动机构(3)，包括转轮(31)、驱动所述转轮(31)升降的驱动部件(32)和绕设在所述转轮(31)上的柔索(33)，所述柔索(33)的一端与所述底盘(1)连接，另一端与所述承载平台(2)连接，所述柔索(33)被配置成随所述转轮(31)升降而带动所述承载平台(2)升降。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中多个所述升降驱动机构(3)沿所述承载平台(2)的周边布置，多个所述升降驱动机构(3)彼此独立的运动，以调整所述承载平台(2)相对于水平面的角度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述底盘(1)上设置有敞口向上的安置槽(13)，所述承载平台(2)可升降地安装在所述安置槽(13)中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述升降驱动机构(3)设置在所述安置槽(13)中，并与所述承载平台(2)沿所述转轮(31)的水平的直径方向布置。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述升降驱动机构(3)位于所述承载平台(2)的边缘和所述安置槽(13)的侧壁之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述升降驱动机构(3)还包括转轮架(34)和引导转轮架(34)沿竖直方向移动的导向部件(36)，所述转轮(31)可转动地安装在所述转轮架(34)上，所述驱动部件(32)与所述转轮架(34)连接并被配置成驱动所述转轮架(34)沿竖直方向移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述升降驱动机构(3)还包括沿竖直方向延伸并与所述转轮架(34)连接的导向杆(35)，所述导向部件(36)上设有沿竖直方向延伸的导向孔，所述导向杆(35)可滑动地设置在导向孔中。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，还包括：
    升降架(4)，与所述柔索(33)的所述另一端连接，以在所述柔索(33)的带动下升降；
    多个吊索(6)，沿所述承载平台(2)的周向布置，多个所述吊索(6)的上端分别与所述升降架(4)连接，多个所述吊索(6)的下端分别与所述承载平台(2)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述升降架(4)包括沿所述升降平台(2)的边缘延伸的边框(41)，所述边框(41)的靠近所述承载平台(2)的一侧设置有第一吊索连接结构(42)，所述承载平台(2)上设置有第二吊索连接结构(22)。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述承载平台(2)包括承载平台本体(21)与所述承载平台本体(21)连接并向下延伸的连接件(23)，所述第二吊索连接结构(22)设置在所述连接件(23)的底端。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其特征在于，还包括安装在所述承载平台(2)上的用于打开和/或关闭用于将所述电池固定在车辆上的固定锁的加解锁机构(5)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述加解锁机构(5)包括：
    加解锁枪(51)，突出于所述承载平台(2)的承载平面；
    驱动电机(52)，安装在所述承载平台(2)的下方，并与所述加解锁枪(51)传动连接。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述承载平台(2)上安装有多组所述加解锁机构(5)，每组加解锁机构(5)包括被配置成与同一电池的多个固定锁一一对应地设置的多个加解锁机构(5)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述承载平台(2)包括与单个电池相适配的多个承载部，所述承载部与多组加解锁机构(5)一一对应地设置，每组加解锁机构(5)的多个加解锁机构(5)沿相应的所述承载部的边缘布置。
  15. 根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中还包括设在所述承载平台(2)上的用于定位所述承载平台(2)的拆卸或安装电池的位置的定位部件(7)。
  16. 根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述底盘(1)被配置成可向其周向任意方位移动和/或所述底盘(1)被配置成以竖直的且位于所述底盘(1)的中部的转动轴线Z转动。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置，其中所述底盘(1)包括多个车轮(12)，多个所述车轮(12)为可相互独立地转向的舵轮，或多个所述车轮(12)为麦克纳姆轮。
  18. 一种车辆换电设备，包括权利要求1至17中任一项所述的车辆换电用电池运输装置。
PCT/CN2024/126694 2023-11-17 2024-10-23 车辆换电用电池运输装置和车辆换电设备 Pending WO2025103100A1 (zh)

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US20110251935A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2011-10-13 Guy German Mobile Battery Replacement Unit
CN104787011A (zh) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-22 深圳精智机器有限公司 换电装置及换电设备
CN209008553U (zh) * 2018-08-08 2019-06-21 蔚来汽车有限公司 换电机器人和充换电站
CN210122106U (zh) * 2018-06-20 2020-03-03 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 升降平台以及换电站
CN221698685U (zh) * 2023-11-17 2024-09-13 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 车辆换电装置及换电系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110251935A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2011-10-13 Guy German Mobile Battery Replacement Unit
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CN104787011A (zh) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-22 深圳精智机器有限公司 换电装置及换电设备
CN210122106U (zh) * 2018-06-20 2020-03-03 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 升降平台以及换电站
CN209008553U (zh) * 2018-08-08 2019-06-21 蔚来汽车有限公司 换电机器人和充换电站
CN221698685U (zh) * 2023-11-17 2024-09-13 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 车辆换电装置及换电系统

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