WO2025102799A1 - 射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备 - Google Patents

射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025102799A1
WO2025102799A1 PCT/CN2024/106302 CN2024106302W WO2025102799A1 WO 2025102799 A1 WO2025102799 A1 WO 2025102799A1 CN 2024106302 W CN2024106302 W CN 2024106302W WO 2025102799 A1 WO2025102799 A1 WO 2025102799A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
frequency band
radio frequency
antenna
switch
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PCT/CN2024/106302
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈丹
黄清华
李政
邓艳艳
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2025102799A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025102799A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a radio frequency front-end module, a radio frequency front-end chip and an electronic device.
  • a second mobile communication network is often developed, thus forming a dual connectivity technology with the first mobile communication network as the main and the second mobile communication network as the auxiliary, so that major operators can gradually transition to the second mobile communication network.
  • the RF front-end modules of terminal products generally use the main set module and the diversity module to form two sets of RF paths to transmit and receive RF signals of two frequency bands.
  • the loss of the two sets of RF paths is relatively large, affecting the network transmission efficiency.
  • the present application provides a radio frequency front-end module, a radio frequency front-end chip and an electronic device, which can reduce the loss in the radio frequency path and improve the network transmission efficiency.
  • a radio frequency front-end module comprising: an antenna switching switch, configured to switch the path of a first frequency band radio frequency signal and/or the path of a second frequency band radio frequency signal on or off; the path of the first frequency band radio frequency signal includes a transmitting path and a receiving path, and the path of the second frequency band radio frequency signal includes a transmitting path and a receiving path; an radio frequency isolation component, connected to the antenna switching switch, configured to isolate the transmitting path of the first frequency band radio frequency signal, and the receiving path of the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal; and/or a second radio frequency isolation component, connected to the antenna switching switch, configured to isolate the transmitting path of the second frequency band radio frequency signal, and the receiving path of the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal; the first frequency band radio frequency signal is different from the second frequency band radio frequency signal.
  • the path of the first-band RF signal and the path of the second-band RF signal are both directly connected to the antenna switching switch, so that the first-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the first RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, and the second-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the second RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, completing the transmission and reception process of the two-band RF signals.
  • the RF signal passes through fewer electronic devices and wiring, and the loss is lower, which effectively improves the network transmission efficiency.
  • the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal are both in a low frequency band.
  • the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal are both low frequency bands, so that the circuit structure of the radio frequency front-end module of the present application is suitable for a dual connection structure of a low frequency band.
  • one of the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal is a 4G signal, and the other is a 5G signal.
  • the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal are respectively a 4G signal and a 5G signal, so that the radio frequency front-end module of the present application is suitable for a dual connection structure of 4G and 5G.
  • the RF front-end module also includes a main set module, and the antenna switching switch is arranged inside the main set module.
  • the antenna switching switch is arranged inside the main module, and the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component are arranged outside the main module, so that the antenna switching switch is integrated with other electronic components in the main module, reducing the area occupied by the antenna switching switch in the RF front-end module.
  • the first frequency band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the first RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem
  • the second frequency band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the second RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, completing the transmission and reception process of the two frequency band RF signals, the RF signal passes through fewer electronic components and wiring, the loss is lower, and the network transmission efficiency is effectively improved.
  • the RF front-end module also includes a main set module, and the antenna switching switch is arranged outside the main set module.
  • the antenna switching switch, the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component are all arranged outside the main module, so that the antenna switching switch is separated from the main module, which is convenient for later update and maintenance.
  • the first frequency band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the first RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem
  • the second frequency band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the second RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, completing the transmission and reception process of the two frequency band RF signals.
  • the RF signal passes through fewer electronic devices and wiring, and the loss is low, which effectively improves the network transmission efficiency.
  • the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component are disposed inside or outside the main assembly module.
  • the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component can be arranged inside or outside the main module according to actual needs, and will not affect the transmission process of the RF signal.
  • the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component can be arranged inside the main module and outside the main module, or both inside or outside the main module.
  • the antenna switching switch includes a single-pole n-throw switch, n ⁇ 4, and n is an integer; two moving contacts of the double-pole n-throw switch are respectively connected to the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component, and one fixed contact of the double-pole n-throw switch is connected to the first antenna.
  • the antenna switching switch adopts a single-pole n-throw switch, so that the antenna switching switch only switches the path between the first antenna and the first RF isolation component or the second RF isolation component on or off, while not affecting other single-band RF paths in the RF front-end module.
  • the antenna switching switch includes a double-pole n-throw switch, n ⁇ 4, and n is an integer; two moving contacts of the double-pole n-throw switch are respectively connected to the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component, and two fixed contacts of the double-pole n-throw switch are respectively connected to the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • the antenna switching switch uses a double-pole n-throw switch, so that the antenna switching switch switches the path between the first antenna and the second antenna and the first RF isolation component and the second RF isolation component to be connected or disconnected, while not affecting the single-band RF path in the RF front-end module.
  • the first RF isolation component includes a first duplexer; an antenna end of the first duplexer is connected to the antenna switching switch, and a transmission path of the first duplexer The transmission signal of the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band is conducted, and the receiving path of the first duplexer is conducted for receiving signals of the radio frequency signal of the first frequency band and the radio frequency signal of the second frequency band.
  • the first RF isolation component uses a first duplexer to conduct the transmission path of the first frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal, thereby realizing the transmission process of the first frequency band RF signal and the receiving process of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the second RF isolation component includes a second duplexer; the antenna end of the second duplexer is connected to the antenna switching switch, the transmitting path of the second duplexer conducts the transmitting signal of the second frequency band RF signal, and the receiving path of the second duplexer conducts the receiving signal of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the second RF isolation component uses a second duplexer to conduct the transmission path of the second frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal, thereby realizing the transmission process of the second frequency band RF signal and the reception process of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the RF front-end module also includes: a first antenna selection switch, arranged inside the main set module, connected to the antenna switching switch, and configured to select and turn on the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and/or the receiving path of the second frequency band RF signal; a third duplexer, arranged inside the main set module, connected to the first antenna selection switch, and configured to turn on the receiving signal of the first frequency band RF signal; a fourth duplexer, arranged inside the main set module, connected to the first antenna selection switch, and configured to turn on the receiving signal of the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the first antenna selection switch is used to select and conduct the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and/or the receiving path of the second frequency band RF signal
  • the third duplexer is used to conduct the receiving signal of the first frequency band RF signal
  • the fourth duplexer is used to conduct the receiving signal of the second frequency band RF signal, thereby realizing a single frequency band receiving path for the first frequency band RF signal or the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the RF front-end module also includes: a first RF switch, arranged inside the main set module, respectively connected to the third duplexer and the first RF isolation component, and configured to conduct the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal, or the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal; a second RF switch, arranged inside the main set module, respectively connected to the fourth duplexer and the second RF isolation component, and configured to conduct the receiving path of the second frequency band RF signal, or the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the first RF switch is used to conduct the reception signal of the first frequency band RF signal of a single frequency band or the reception signal of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal of a dual frequency band
  • the second RF switch is used to conduct the reception signal of the second frequency band RF signal of a single frequency band or the reception signal of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal of the dual frequency band.
  • the RF front-end module also includes: a first low-noise amplifier, arranged inside the main set module, connected to the first RF switch, and configured to amplify the received signal of the first frequency band RF signal or the received signal of the second frequency band RF signal; a second low-noise amplifier, arranged inside the main set module, connected to the second RF switch, and configured to amplify the received signal of the first frequency band RF signal or the received signal of the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the first low noise amplifier and the second low noise amplifier respectively perform low noise amplification on the received signal of the radio frequency signal in the first frequency band or the received signal of the radio frequency signal in the second frequency band.
  • the RF front-end module further includes a diversity module connected to the main set module and configured to assist in receiving the first frequency band RF signal or the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the receiving signal of the frequency band RF signal is not limited to the first frequency band RF signal.
  • the diversity module is used to receive the received signal of the first frequency band RF signal or the received signal of the second frequency band RF signal to improve the stability of the received signal of the RF front-end module.
  • the diversity module includes: a second antenna selection switch, connected to the antenna switching switch, and configured to select and conduct the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal or the receiving path of the second frequency band RF signal; a filter, connected to the second antenna selection switch, and configured to filter the received signal of the first frequency band RF signal or the received signal of the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the second antenna selection switch is used to select and conduct the receiving path of the first frequency band radio frequency signal or the second frequency band radio frequency signal, and the receiving signal of the first frequency band radio frequency signal or the second frequency band radio frequency signal selected by the second antenna selection switch is filtered by a filter.
  • the diversity module also includes: a third RF switch, connected to the filter, and configured to conduct a receiving path of the RF signal in the first frequency band or a receiving path of the RF signal in the second frequency band.
  • the diversity module further includes: a third low noise amplifier connected to the third RF switch and configured to amplify a received signal of the RF signal in the first frequency band or a received signal of the RF signal in the second frequency band.
  • the received signal of the first frequency band radio frequency signal or the received signal of the second frequency band radio frequency signal is low-noise amplified by the third low-noise amplifier.
  • a radio frequency front-end chip including the radio frequency front-end module.
  • the RF front-end module is integrated into the RF front-end chip, and the transmission process and the receiving process of the first-band RF signal and the second-band RF signal are controlled by the antenna switching switch, so that the first-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the first RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, and the second-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the second RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, thereby completing the transmission and reception process of the two-band RF signals.
  • the RF signal passes through fewer electronic devices and wiring, and the loss is lower, thereby effectively improving the network transmission efficiency.
  • an electronic device comprising the RF front-end chip and the RF transceiver chip, which are connected to the RF front-end module and configured to send a control signal to the antenna switching switch to control the conduction or disconnection of the path of the first frequency band RF signal and the path of the second frequency band RF signal; an antenna subsystem, which is connected to the RF front-end module and configured to receive and/or send the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the conduction path of the RF front-end module is controlled by the RF transceiver chip, and the first-band RF signal and the second-band RF signal are received or sent through the antenna subsystem, so that the first-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the first RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, and the second-band RF signal only passes through the antenna switching switch between the second RF isolation component and the antenna subsystem, thereby completing the transmission and reception process of the two-band RF signals.
  • the RF signal passes through fewer electronic devices and wiring, and the loss is lower, thereby effectively improving the network transmission efficiency.
  • the antenna subsystem includes: a first antenna, connected to the antenna switching switch, configured to receive or send the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal; a second antenna, connected to the antenna switching switch, configured to receive or send the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • a first antenna and a second antenna are used to realize the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal.
  • the sending and receiving of signals, the specific receiving path and transmitting path are controlled by the antenna switching switch.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a mobile communication system to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable;
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a circuit diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a signal trend diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a circuit diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a signal trend diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to imply or suggest relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality” means two or more.
  • LTE Long term evolution
  • LTE is the long-term evolution of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) technical standard developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and is widely used in 4G networks.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • NR refers to the global 5G standard with a new air interface design based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • E-UTRAN New Radio-Dual Connectivity (evolved universal terrestrial radio access network new radio–dual connectivity, ENDC)
  • ENDC refers to a dual-connection technology that uses 4G as the core network, 4G base stations as the main network, and 5G base stations as the auxiliary network.
  • 4G the core network
  • 4G base stations the main network
  • 5G base stations the auxiliary network.
  • all signaling is transmitted through the LTE network
  • data can be transmitted through both the LTE network and the NR network.
  • the RF front end refers to a series of components between the RF transceiver and the antenna, mainly including the power amplifier (PA), antenna switch (Switch), filter (Filter), duplexer (Duplexer and Diplexer) and low noise amplifier (LNA), which directly affect the signal transmission and reception of the mobile phone.
  • PA power amplifier
  • Switch antenna switch
  • Filter filter
  • Duplexer and Diplexer duplexer
  • LNA low noise amplifier
  • transmission refers to the act of sending data from one device to another device or a group of devices.
  • reception refers to the process of converting transmitted signals into perceptible information.
  • B is the beginning of the frequency band number of the LTE standard
  • N is the beginning of the frequency band number of the NR standard
  • x is the frequency band number.
  • Bx represents the frequency band corresponding to the LTE frequency band number x
  • Nx represents the frequency band corresponding to the NR frequency band number x.
  • B20 represents the frequency band corresponding to the LTE frequency band number 20, the frequency range corresponding to the B20 uplink frequency band is 832MHz ⁇ 862MHz, and the frequency range corresponding to the B20 downlink frequency band is 791MHz ⁇ 821MHz;
  • N28 represents the frequency band corresponding to the NR frequency band number 28, the frequency range corresponding to the N28 uplink frequency band is 703MHz ⁇ 748MHz, and the frequency range corresponding to the B20 downlink frequency band is 758MHz ⁇ 803MHz;
  • B28 represents the frequency band corresponding to the LTE frequency band number 28, the frequency range corresponding to the B28 uplink frequency band is 703MHz ⁇ 748MHz, and the frequency range corresponding to the B28 downlink frequency band is 758MHz ⁇ 803MHz.
  • LB low frequency band
  • MB middle frequency band
  • HB high frequency band
  • MHB middle and high frequency band
  • a duplexer refers to a dual-channel filter that is used to isolate the transmit signal from the receive signal to ensure that both the receive and transmit signals can work normally at the same time.
  • LNA Low noise amplifier
  • a low-noise amplifier refers to an amplifier with a very low noise factor, which is used as a high-frequency or intermediate-frequency preamplifier for various types of radio receivers, as well as an amplification circuit for high-sensitivity electronic detection equipment.
  • SAW Surface acoustic wave
  • a surface acoustic wave filter refers to a filter that uses surface acoustic waves to filter noise. It is used to convert the input signal of the radio wave into mechanical energy using input and output transducers. After processing, the mechanical energy is converted into an electrical signal to filter out unnecessary signals and noise.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a mobile communication system to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the electronic device 100 in the mobile communication system can simultaneously transmit and receive with network devices of multiple standards.
  • the mobile communication system may include an electronic device 100, an LTE base station 200, and an NR base station 300, and the electronic device 100 can simultaneously communicate with the LTE base station 200 and the NR base station 300.
  • the LTE base station 200 and the NR base station 300 are network devices of two standards.
  • the electronic device 100 may be a mobile phone, a wearable device (such as a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a headset, etc.), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR), a wearable device (such as a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a headset, etc.), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR), a
  • the electronic device 100 may be an IOT (Internet of Things) device such as an AR (AR) device or a virtual reality (VR) device, and may also be a television, a large screen, a printer, a projector, and the like.
  • IOT Internet of Things
  • AR AR
  • VR virtual reality
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may include a baseband subsystem 10, a radio frequency subsystem 20 composed of a radio frequency transceiver chip (radio frequency integrated circuit, RFIC) 21 and a radio frequency front end module (radio frequency front end, RFFE) 22, an antenna (antenna, ANT) subsystem 30, a power subsystem 40, etc. These devices may be coupled through various interconnection buses or other electrical connection methods.
  • RFIC radio frequency integrated circuit
  • RFFE radio frequency front end module
  • ANT antenna subsystem 30
  • power subsystem 40 etc.
  • the baseband subsystem 10 can extract useful information or data bits from the baseband signal, or convert the information or data bits into a baseband signal to be sent. These information or data bits can be data representing user data such as voice, text, video, or control information.
  • the baseband subsystem 10 can implement signal processing operations such as modulation and demodulation, encoding, and decoding. Different baseband signal processing operations can be provided for different wireless access technologies, such as 5G NR and 4G LTE. Therefore, in order to support multiple mobile communication modes, the baseband subsystem 10 can include multiple processing cores or multiple hardware accelerators (HAC) at the same time.
  • the baseband subsystem 10 can be integrated into one or more chips.
  • the baseband subsystem 10 can be used as an independent chip, which can be called a modem chip.
  • the hardware components of the baseband subsystem 10 can be manufactured and sold in units of modem chips.
  • Modem chips can also be called baseband chips or baseband processors.
  • the baseband subsystem 10 can also be further integrated in a system on chip (system on chip technology, SOC) chip, which can be manufactured and sold in units of SOC chips.
  • SOC system on chip technology
  • the software components of the baseband subsystem 10 can be built into the hardware components of the chip before the chip leaves the factory, or can be imported from other non-volatile memories into the hardware components of the chip after the chip leaves the factory, or these software components can be downloaded and updated online through the network.
  • the RF signal is an analog signal
  • the signal processed by the baseband subsystem 10 is mainly a digital signal
  • an analog-to-digital converter device is also required in the electronic device.
  • the analog-to-digital converter device may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that converts an analog signal into a digital signal, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that converts a digital signal into an analog signal.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • the RF subsystem 20 can be divided into an RF receive path (RF receive path) and an RF transmit path (TF transmit path).
  • the RF receive path can receive an RF signal through an antenna, process the RF signal, such as amplification, filtering, down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion, to obtain a baseband signal, and transmit it to the baseband subsystem 10.
  • the RF transmit path can receive a baseband signal from the baseband subsystem 10, process the baseband signal, such as up-conversion, amplification, filtering and digital-to-analog conversion, to obtain an RF signal, and radiate the RF signal into space through an antenna.
  • the RF subsystem 20 may include electronic devices such as an RF switch, a duplexer, an antenna tuner, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier, a mixer, a local oscillator (LO), and a filter, which can be integrated into one or more chips as needed.
  • the antenna can sometimes also be considered as part of the RF subsystem 20.
  • the above electronic devices can be separately arranged in the antenna, the RF front-end module 22 and the RF transceiver chip 21 as needed.
  • the RF transceiver chip 21 can be composed of devices such as a mixer and a local oscillator. Among them, the local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal; the mixer is used to mix the RF signal with the local oscillator signal provided by the local oscillator.
  • the RF transceiver chip 21 can also be called a receiver, a transmitter or a transceiver.
  • the RF front-end module 22 can be composed of electronic devices such as filters, low noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, and RF switches.
  • the RF switch is used to switch between receiving and transmitting RF signals and between different frequency bands; the duplexer is used to isolate the transmitting path and receiving path of the RF signal, thereby ensuring that the receiving and transmitting can work normally when sharing the same antenna;
  • the filter is used to retain the signal within a specific frequency band and filter out the signal outside the characteristic frequency band.
  • the low noise amplifier is used to amplify the RF signal of the receiving channel; the power amplifier is used to amplify the RF signal of the transmitting path.
  • the RF transceiver chip 21 can output control signals to components such as RF switches in the RF front-end module 22 through control lines to control the RF switches to switch between different links.
  • the radio frequency switch may include an antenna switching switch, and may also include a first antenna selection switch, a second antenna selection switch, and the like.
  • the RF subsystem 20 may also include other devices or adopt other integration methods.
  • some devices belonging to the RF front-end module 22 may be integrated into the RF transceiver chip 21, or the antenna and the RF front-end module 22 may be integrated into the RF transceiver chip 21.
  • the specific settings and modifications can be made as needed, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this.
  • the antenna subsystem 30 includes multiple antennas, where ANT1 represents the first antenna, ANTn represents the nth antenna, and n is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the antenna subsystem 30 may also include an antenna switch for switching to different antennas so that different signals are transmitted using different antennas.
  • the power subsystem 40 is used to supply power to various devices.
  • the power supply can provide voltage to the power amplifier.
  • the power subsystem 40 may include multiple power supplies, which may be the same or different.
  • the power subsystem 40 may also supply power to the baseband subsystem 10, the radio frequency subsystem 20, and the antenna subsystem 30. The same power supply may be used to supply power to each subsystem, or different power supplies may be used to supply power to each subsystem.
  • the electronic device 100 may also include an application subsystem, which may serve as the main control system or main computing system of the electronic device 100, for running a main operating system and application programs, managing the software and hardware resources of the entire electronic device 100, and providing a user interface for the user.
  • the application subsystem may include one or more processing cores.
  • the application subsystem may also include driver software related to other subsystems (such as the baseband subsystem 10).
  • the baseband subsystem 10 may also include one or more processing cores, as well as hardware accelerators and caches, etc.
  • the above is only an example of the structure of the electronic device 100, and the electronic device 100 may also include other subsystems or devices, which can be configured and modified as needed, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any limitations on this.
  • the 5G networking mode includes two modes: standalone (SA) mode and non-standalone (NSA) mode.
  • SA standalone
  • NSA non-standalone
  • DC dual connection
  • the DC architecture in the NSA mode can be divided into three architectures: ENDC, NR-EUTRA Dual Connection (NEDC), and NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual Connection (NGEN-DC).
  • NEDC refers to a dual connection technology with 5G as the core network, 5G base stations as the main, and 4G base stations as the auxiliary.
  • NGEN-DC refers to a dual connection technology with 5G as the core network, 4G base stations as the main, and 5G base stations as the auxiliary.
  • a 4G signal and a 5G signal may be used to constitute two radio frequency signals of different frequency bands in an ENDC scenario.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • an ENDC architecture of LB1+LB2 in NSA mode supported by an electronic device 100 is taken as an example.
  • the signals transmitted between the RF transceiver chip 21 and the RF front-end module 22 may include: LB1 transmit signal, LB1 receive signal, LB2 transmit signal, and LB2 receive signal.
  • the LB1 transmit signal refers to a transmit signal whose frequency is in the frequency band corresponding to LB
  • the LB1 receive signal refers to a receive signal whose frequency is in the frequency band corresponding to LB
  • the LB2 transmit signal refers to another transmit signal whose frequency is in the frequency band corresponding to LB
  • the LB1 receive signal refers to another receive signal whose frequency is in the frequency band corresponding to LB.
  • the LB1 signal and the LB2 signal are in different low-frequency bands.
  • the ENDC architecture of n28+B20 or the ENDC architecture of B28+n20, etc.
  • the RF transceiver chip 21 is connected to the first antenna ANT1 and the second
  • the antenna ANT2 is connected to transmit the LB1 transmission signal and the LB2 transmission signal, and to receive the LB1 reception signal and the LB2 reception signal, etc.
  • the RF front-end module of the ENDC architecture of LB1+LB2 in NSA mode generally includes a main module and a diversity module, and the path between the external antenna and the first frequency band isolation component is connected through the antenna switching switch and the antenna selection switch in the main module, wherein the first frequency band isolation component can be a first duplexer for isolating the transmission signal of the LB1 signal and the reception signal of the LB1 signal and the LB2 signal. Therefore, the antenna switching switch and the antenna selection switch in the main module will cause high losses in the transmission process of the RF signal of the LB1 frequency band and the reception process of the RF signals of the LB1 frequency band and the LB2 frequency band.
  • the path between the external antenna and the second frequency band isolation component is connected through the antenna switching switch in the main module, the wire between the main module and the diversity module, and the antenna selection switch in the diversity module, wherein the second frequency band isolation component can be a second duplexer for isolating the transmission signal of LB2 and the reception signal of LB1 signal and LB2 signal. Therefore, the antenna switching switch in the main module, the wire between the main module and the diversity module, and the antenna selection switch in the diversity module will cause high losses in the transmission process of the LB2 frequency band radio frequency signal and the reception process of the LB1 frequency band and LB2 frequency band radio frequency signal, thereby affecting the network transmission efficiency of the LB1 signal and the LB2 signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a radio frequency front-end module, which controls the conduction of the path between the external antenna and the first frequency band isolation component only through the antenna switching switch, so that the transmission signal of the LB1 signal and the reception signal of the LB1 signal and the LB2 signal are transmitted.
  • a radio frequency front-end module which controls the conduction of the path between the external antenna and the first frequency band isolation component only through the antenna switching switch, so that the transmission signal of the LB1 signal and the reception signal of the LB1 signal and the LB2 signal are transmitted.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the RF front-end module 22 includes a main module 221 and a diversity module 222.
  • the main module 221 includes an antenna switching switch 2211 and an antenna selection switch 2212.
  • One end of the antenna switching switch 2211 is connected to the antenna subsystem 30, and the other end of the antenna switching switch 2211 is respectively connected to one end of the antenna selection switch 2212 and the diversity module 222.
  • the other end of the antenna selection switch 2212 is connected to the first RF isolation component 2218.
  • the first RF isolation component 2218 is used to isolate the transmission path of the first frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the path loss between the first RF isolation component 2218 and the antenna subsystem 30 includes at least: the antenna switching switch 2211 and the antenna selection switch 2212.
  • the diversity module 222 includes an antenna selection switch 2221, one end of which is connected to the antenna switching switch 2211 in the main collection module 221 through the wiring of the printed circuit boards (PCB), and the other end of the antenna selection switch 2221 is connected to the second RF isolation component 2225.
  • the second RF isolation component 2225 is used to isolate the transmission path of the second frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the path loss between the second RF isolation component 2225 and the antenna subsystem 30 at least includes: the antenna switching switch 2211, the PCB wiring, and the antenna selection switch 2221.
  • the ENDC architecture of the electronic device 100 supporting the n28+B20 in the NSA mode is taken as an example.
  • the RF front-end module 22 includes a main module 221 and a diversity module 222, the main module 221 is connected to the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 respectively.
  • the main module 221 includes an antenna switching switch 2211, an antenna selection switch 2212, a B20 duplexer 2213, a B28 duplexer 2214, low noise amplifiers 2215, 2217, a radio frequency switch 2216, and an n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2218.
  • the RF switch 2216 is respectively connected to the B28 duplexer 2214, the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 and the low noise amplifier 2217, and is used to select the path between the B28 duplexer 2214 and the low noise amplifier 2217, or the path between the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 and the low noise amplifier 2217.
  • the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 is connected to the antenna selection switch 2212, and is used to conduct the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band through the internal transmission path, and conduct the reception signal of the B20 frequency band and the n28 frequency band through the internal reception path.
  • the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 is located outside the main module 221, and is connected to a moving contact of the antenna selection switch 2212 through the TX_IN1 interface of the main module 221, and is connected to the RF switch 2216 through the LNA_AUX_IN1 interface of the main module 221.
  • first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be used as components independent of the RF front-end module 22, or can be integrated into the RF front-end module 22.
  • first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can independently complete the functions of transmitting and receiving signals, and at the same time serve as backup antennas for each other to prevent the transmission and reception of RF signals from being affected when a certain antenna fails or is blocked.
  • FIG6 is a signal trend diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band enters the antenna selection switch 2212 through the transmission channel in the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218.
  • the antenna selection switch 2212 selects to conduct the path between the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 and the antenna switching switch 2211, so that the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band enters the antenna switching switch 2211 through the antenna selection switch 2212.
  • the antenna switching switch 2211 conducts the path between the antenna selection switch 2212 and the first antenna ANT1, so that the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band is transmitted from the first antenna ANT1 to the space.
  • the reception signal of the n28 frequency band and the reception signal of the B20 frequency band are received from the first antenna ANT1.
  • the antenna switching switch 2211 conducts the path between the first antenna ANT1 and the antenna selection switch 2212, so that the reception signal of the n28 frequency band and the reception signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the antenna selection switch 2212 through the antenna switching switch 2211.
  • the antenna selection switch 2212 conducts the path between the antenna switching switch 2211 and the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218, so that the reception signal of the n28 frequency band and the reception signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the RF switch 2216 through the antenna selection switch 2212 and the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218.
  • the RF switch 2216 selects the conduction between the n28Tx+B20/n28PRx duplexer 2218 and the low noise amplifier 2217.
  • the received signals of the n28 frequency band and the B20 frequency band are sent to the low noise amplifier 2217.
  • the low noise amplifier 2217 performs low noise amplification on the received signals of the n28 frequency band and the B20 frequency band to obtain the received signals of the n28 frequency band and the B20 frequency band after noise removal.
  • the loss between the first antenna ANT1 and the n28Tx + B20 / n28PRx duplexer 2218 includes at least: the loss of the antenna switching switch 2211 and the loss of the antenna selection switch 2212.
  • the loss of the antenna switching switch 2211 may have a typical value of 0.25dB.
  • the loss of the antenna selection switch 2212 illustratively, may have a typical value of 0.3dB.
  • the entire signal transmission process passes through many electronic devices and wirings, and the loss is relatively high, which affects the transmission efficiency of the transmitted signal, the power consumption of the transmitting terminal, and the terminal sensitivity of the received signal, and has a greater impact on the network transmission efficiency.
  • the diversity module 222 includes an antenna selection switch 2221, a B20+B28 SAW filter 2222, a radio frequency switch 2223, a low noise amplifier 2224, and a B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the antenna selection switch 2221 is connected to the antenna switching switch 2211 in the main module 221, and is used to select one or more radio frequency channels to be turned on, that is, to turn on or off the antenna switching switch 2211 and one or more channels of the B20+B28 SAW filter 2222 and the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the B20+B28 SAW filter 2222 is connected to the antenna selection switch 2221 and is used to filter the B20 signal or the B28 signal.
  • the RF switch 2223 is connected to the B20+B28 SAW filter 2222 and is used to select the path between the low noise amplifier 2224 and the B20+B28 SAW filter 2222, or the path between the low noise amplifier 2224 and the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the low noise amplifier 2224 is connected to the RF switch 2223 and is used to perform low noise amplification on the received signals of the B20 frequency band and the n28 frequency band to remove noise and amplify the RF signal.
  • the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225 is connected to the antenna switching switch 2211 and the RF switch 2223, respectively, and is used to conduct the transmission signal of the B20 band through the internal transmission path, and conduct the reception signal of the B20 band and the n28 band through the internal reception path.
  • the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225 is located outside the diversity module 222, connected to a moving contact of the antenna selection switch 2221 through the TX_IN2 interface of the diversity module 222, and connected to the RF switch 2223 through the LNA_AUX_IN2 interface of the diversity module 222.
  • the antenna selection switch 2221 is connected to the DRX_IN interface of the main collection module 221 through the ANT3 interface and routing of the diversity module 222.
  • the transmission signal of the B20 frequency band enters the antenna selection switch 2221 through the transmission channel in the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the antenna selection switch 2212 selects to conduct the path between the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225 and the antenna selection switch 2221, so that the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band enters the antenna switching switch 2211 through the routing and the antenna selection switch 2221.
  • the antenna switching switch 2211 conducts the path between the antenna selection switch 2221 and the second antenna ANT2, so that the transmission signal of the B20 frequency band is radiated from the second antenna ANT2 to space.
  • the received signal of the n28 band and the received signal of the B20 band are received from the second antenna ANT2.
  • the antenna switching switch 2211 conducts the path between the second antenna ANT2 and the antenna selection switch 2221, so that the received signal of the n28 band and the received signal of the B20 band are sent to the antenna selection switch 2221 in the diversity module 222 through the antenna switching switch 2211 in the main collection module 221.
  • the antenna selection switch 2221 conducts the path between the antenna switching switch 2211 and the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225, so that the received signal of the n28 band and the received signal of the B20 band are sent to the RF switch 2223 through the antenna selection switch 2221 and the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the RF switch 2223 selects to conduct the path between the B20Tx+B20/n28DRx duplexer 2225 and the low noise amplifier 2224, so that the received signal of the n28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the low noise amplifier 2224.
  • the amplifier 2224 performs low-noise amplification on the received signal of the n28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band to obtain the received signal of the n28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band after noise is removed.
  • the loss between the second antenna ANT2 and the B20Tx + B20 / n28DRx duplexer 2225 includes at least: the loss of the antenna switching switch 2211, the routing loss between the DRX_IN interface of the main module 221 and the ANT3 interface of the diversity module 222, and the loss of the B20Tx + B20 / n28DRx duplexer 2225.
  • the loss of the antenna switching switch 2211 exemplarily, a typical value may be 0.25dB
  • the loss of the PCB routing between the DRX_IN interface of the main module 221 and the ANT3 interface of the diversity module 222 exemplarily, a typical value may be at least 0.25dB or more.
  • the loss of the antenna selection switch 2221 exemplarily, a typical value may be 0.3dB.
  • the entire signal transmission process involves many electronic devices and wiring, resulting in high losses, which affects the transmission efficiency of the transmitted signal, the power consumption of the transmitting terminal, and the terminal sensitivity of the received signal, and has a greater impact on the network transmission efficiency.
  • the present application provides a RF front-end module to reduce the electronic devices or wiring between the antenna subsystem 30 and the first RF isolation component 2218 or the second RF isolation component 2225, thereby reducing the loss in the RF signal transmission path and effectively improving the network transmission efficiency.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the RF front-end module 22 includes a main module 223, the main module 221 includes an antenna switching switch 2231, one end of the antenna switching switch 2231 is connected to the antenna subsystem 30, and the other end of the antenna switching switch 2231 is respectively connected to the first RF isolation component 2232 and the second RF isolation component 2233.
  • the first RF isolation component 2232 is used to isolate the transmission path of the first frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the second RF isolation component 2233 is used to isolate the transmission path of the second frequency band RF signal and the receiving path of the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the path loss between the first RF isolation component 2232 and the antenna subsystem 30 at least includes: the antenna switching switch 2231.
  • the path loss between the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna subsystem 30 at least includes: the antenna switching switch 2231.
  • the electronic devices in the path between the first RF isolation component 2232 and the antenna subsystem 30 are reduced, and the electronic devices and PCB routing in the path between the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna subsystem 30 are reduced, thereby reducing the path loss between the first RF isolation component 2232 and the antenna subsystem 30, reducing the path loss between the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna subsystem 30, and improving the network transmission efficiency of the RF front-end module.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 in the RF front-end module 22 may also be disposed outside the main module 221 to facilitate later updating and maintenance.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the first RF isolation component 2232 and the second RF isolation component 2233 may also be arranged inside the main module 223, so that the first RF isolation component 2232 and the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna switching switch 2231 are integrated in the main module 223.
  • the lead distance between the first RF isolation component 2232 and the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna switching switch 2231 is shortened, the loss can be reduced and the RF front-end module can be improved. overall integration.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the first RF isolation component 2232 can also be set inside the main module 223, and the second RF isolation component 2233 can be set outside the main module 223.
  • the lead distance between the first RF isolation component 2232 and the antenna switching switch 2231 is shortened, the loss can also be reduced, and the overall integration of the RF front-end module can be improved.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the second RF isolation component 2233 can also be set inside the main module 223, and the first RF isolation component 2232 can be set outside the main module 223.
  • the lead distance between the second RF isolation component 2233 and the antenna switching switch 2231 is shortened, the loss can also be reduced, and the overall integration of the RF front-end module can be improved.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the RF front-end module 22 further includes a diversity module 224, and the diversity module 224 includes an antenna selection switch 2241, and one end of the antenna selection switch 2241 is connected to the antenna switching switch 2211 in the main collection module 221 through the routing of the printed circuit boards (PCB).
  • the diversity module 224 does not assume the dual connection function of the RF signals of the two frequency bands.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 in the RF front-end module 22 may also be disposed outside the main module 221 to facilitate later updating and maintenance.
  • FIG14 is a circuit diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the RF front-end module 22 includes a main module 223 and a diversity module 224 , and the main module 223 is connected to the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 , respectively.
  • the main set module 223 includes an antenna switching switch 2231, an n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 and a B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 is arranged inside the main set module 223 and is respectively connected to the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 through two interfaces (i.e., the ANT1 interface and the ANT2 interface), and is used to switch the path between the first antenna ANT1 and the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 or the path between the first antenna ANT1 and the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233, or switch the path between the second antenna ANT2 and the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 or the path between the second antenna ANT2 and the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233.
  • the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 is arranged outside the main module 223, connected to the antenna switching switch 2231 through the TX_IN1 interface, and used to conduct the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band through the internal transmission path, and conduct the reception signal of the B20 frequency band and the n28 frequency band through the internal reception path.
  • the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233 is arranged outside the main module 223, connected to the antenna switching switch 2231 through the TX_IN2 interface, and used to conduct the transmission signal of the B20 frequency band through the internal transmission path, and conduct the reception signal of the B20 frequency band and the n28 frequency band through the internal reception path.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 can also be set outside the main module 223 to separate the antenna switching switch 2231 from the main module 223, so as to facilitate the later updating and maintenance of the antenna switching switch 2231.
  • the connection method of other electronic components is the same as the above embodiment.
  • FIG15 is a signal trend diagram of a radio frequency front-end module provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band needs to be sent to the space through the main module 223, the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band is transmitted through The transmission channel in the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 enters the antenna selection switch 2231.
  • the antenna selection switch 2231 selects to conduct the path between the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 and the first antenna ANT1, so that the transmission signal of the n28 frequency band is radiated from the first antenna ANT1 to the space.
  • the reception signal of the n28 band and the reception signal of the B20 band are received from the first antenna ANT1.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 conducts the path between the first antenna ANT1 and the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232, so that the reception signal of the n28 band and the reception signal of the B20 band are sent to the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 through the antenna switching switch 2231, and the reception signals of the two bands of the n28 band and the N20 band are obtained.
  • the transmission signal of the B20 frequency band enters the antenna selection switch 2231 through the transmission channel in the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233.
  • the antenna selection switch 2231 selects to conduct the path between the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233 and the second antenna ANT2, so that the transmission signal of the B20 frequency band is transmitted from the second antenna ANT2 to space.
  • the reception signal of the n28 band and the reception signal of the B20 band are received from the second antenna ANT2.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 conducts the path between the second antenna ANT2 and the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233, so that the reception signal of the n28 band and the reception signal of the B20 band are sent to the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233 through the antenna switching switch 2231, and the reception signals of the n28 band and the N20 band are obtained.
  • the loss between the first antenna ANT1 and the n28Tx + B20 / n28Rx duplexer 2232 includes at least: the loss of the antenna switching switch 2231.
  • the typical value can be 0.3dB.
  • the antenna switching switch 2212 in the main module 221 is reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the antenna switching switch 2212.
  • the loss between the second antenna ANT2 and the B20Tx + B20 / n28Rx duplexer 2233 includes at least: the loss of the antenna switching switch 2211.
  • the typical value can be 0.3dB.
  • the PCB routing between the main module 221 and the diversity module 222 and the antenna switching switch 2221 in the diversity module 222 are reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the PCB routing between the main module 221 and the diversity module 222 and the loss of the antenna switching switch 2221.
  • the entire signal transmission process involves fewer electronic devices and wiring, with lower losses.
  • the transmission efficiency, power consumption and receiving sensitivity performance of the terminal products are effectively improved, thereby improving network transmission efficiency.
  • the main module 223 further includes an antenna selection switch 2234, a B20 duplexer 2235, a B28 duplexer 2236, radio frequency switches 2237, 2238, and low noise amplifiers 2239, 2240, all of which are arranged inside the main module 223.
  • the antenna selection switch 2234 is connected to the antenna switching switch 2231, and is used to select one or more radio frequency channels to be turned on, that is, to turn on or off the antenna switching switch 2231 and one or more channels of the B20 duplexer 2235 or the B28 duplexer 2236.
  • the B20 duplexer 2235 is connected to the antenna selection switch 2234, and is used to filter and conduct the received signal of the B20 frequency band through the internal receiving path.
  • the B28 duplexer 2236 is connected to the antenna selection switch 2234, and is used to filter and conduct the received signal of the B28 frequency band through the internal receiving path.
  • the RF switch 2237 is connected to the B20 duplexer 2235 and the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232, respectively, and is used to select the path between the B20 duplexer 2235 and the low noise amplifier 2239, or the path between the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 and the low noise amplifier 2239.
  • the RF switch 2238 is connected to the B28 duplexer 2236 and the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233, respectively, and is used to select the path between the B28 duplexer 2236 and the low noise amplifier 2240, or the path between the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233 and the low noise amplifier 2240.
  • the low noise amplifier 2239 is connected to the RF switch 2237 and is used to perform low noise amplification on the received signal of the B20 frequency band and/or the received signal of the n28 frequency band to remove noise and amplify the RF signal.
  • the low noise amplifier 2240 is connected to the RF switch 2238 and is used to perform low noise amplification on the received signal of the B28 frequency band, the received signal of the n28 frequency band and/or the received signal of the B20 frequency band to remove noise and amplify the RF signal.
  • the received signal is low-noise amplified to remove noise and amplify the RF signal.
  • the RF switch 2237 is connected to the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232 via the LNA_AUX_IN1 interface.
  • the RF switch 2238 is connected to the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233 via the LNA_AUX_IN2 interface.
  • the B28 duplexer 2236 can also be replaced by a B28a duplexer or an n28 duplexer, and the present application does not limit the duplexer network signal between the antenna selection switch 2234 and the two RF switches. That is, it can be a 4G signal or a 5G signal, or one of them can be a 4G signal and the other can be a 5G signal.
  • the diversity module 224 includes an antenna selection switch 2241, a B20+B28 duplexer 2242, a radio frequency switch 2243, and a low noise amplifier 2244, all of which are arranged inside the diversity module 224.
  • the antenna selection switch 2241 is connected to the antenna switching switch 2231, and is used to select one or more radio frequency channels to be turned on, that is, to turn on or off the channel between the antenna switching switch 2231 and the B20+B28 duplexer 2242.
  • the B20+B28 duplexer 2242 is connected to the antenna selection switch 2241, and is used to filter and turn on the B20 signal or the B28 signal through the internal receiving path.
  • the radio frequency switch 2243 is connected to the B20+B28 duplexer 2242, and is used to select and turn on the path between the B20+B28 duplexer 2242 and the low noise amplifier 2244.
  • the low noise amplifier 2244 is connected to the RF switch 2243 and is used to perform low noise amplification on the B20 signal or the B28 signal to remove noise and amplify the RF signal.
  • the antenna selection switch 2241 is connected to the DRX_IN interface of the main set module 223 through the ANT3 interface of the diversity module 224.
  • the received signal of the B28 frequency band or the received signal of the B20 frequency band is received from the first antenna ANT1.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 conducts the path between the first antenna ANT1 and the antenna selection switch 2234, so that the received signal of the B28 frequency band or the received signal of the B20 frequency band is sent to the antenna selection switch 2234 through the antenna switching switch 2231.
  • the antenna selection switch 2234 conducts the path between the antenna switching switch 2231 and the B20 duplexer 2235 or the B28 duplexer 2236, so that the received signal of the B20 frequency band is sent to the RF switch 2237 through the antenna selection switch 2234 and the B20 duplexer 2235, or the received signal of the B28 frequency band is sent to the RF switch 2238 through the antenna selection switch 2234 and the B28 duplexer 2236.
  • the RF switch 2237 selects to conduct the path between the B20 duplexer 2235 and the low noise amplifier 2239, so that the received signal of the B20 frequency band is sent to the low noise amplifier 2239.
  • the RF switch 2238 selects to conduct the path between the B28 duplexer 2236 and the low noise amplifier 2240, so that the received signal of the B28 frequency band is sent to the low noise amplifier 2240.
  • the low noise amplifier 2239 performs low noise amplification on the received signal of the B20 frequency band to obtain the received signal of the B20 frequency band after the noise is removed.
  • the low noise amplifier 2240 performs low noise amplification on the received signal of the B28 frequency band to obtain the received signal of the B28 frequency band after the noise is removed.
  • the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band are received from the second antenna ANT2.
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 conducts the path between the second antenna ANT2 and the antenna selection switch 2241, so that the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the antenna selection switch 2241 in the diversity module 224 through the antenna switching switch 2231 in the main collection module 223.
  • the antenna selection switch 2241 conducts the path between the antenna switching switch 2231 and the B20+B28 duplexer 2242, so that the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the RF switch 2243 through the antenna selection switch 2241 and the B20+B28 duplexer 2242.
  • the RF switch 2243 selects to conduct the path between the B20+B28 duplexer 2242 and the low noise amplifier 2244, so that the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band are sent to the low noise amplifier 2244.
  • the low noise amplifier 2244 performs low noise amplification on the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band to obtain the received signal of the B28 frequency band and the received signal of the B20 frequency band after noise is removed.
  • the antenna switch 2231 can select a single-pole path of a complete or partial path.
  • a single pole n throw (SPnT) switch is used to switch the paths between the first antenna ANT1 and the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232, the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233, the antenna selection switch 2233 and the antenna selection switch 2241, thereby completing the transmission and reception processes of the RF signals of the two frequency bands.
  • SPnT single pole n throw
  • the antenna switching switch 2231 can also select a double pole multi-throw switch (DPnT) of a complete or partial path to meet the switching of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 with the n28Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2232, the B20Tx+B20/n28Rx duplexer 2233, the antenna selection switch 2233 and the antenna selection switch 2241, respectively, to complete the transmission and reception processes of the RF signals of the two frequency bands.
  • the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can serve as backup antennas for each other.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a radio frequency front-end chip, including the radio frequency front-end module 22 as described above.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including the RF front-end chip, RF transceiver chip, and antenna subsystem as described above, wherein the RF transceiver chip is connected to the RF front-end module and is used to send a control signal to the antenna switching switch to control the conduction or disconnection of the path of the first frequency band RF signal and the path of the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the antenna subsystem includes a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna is connected to the antenna switching switch and is used to receive or send the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the second antenna is connected to the antenna switching switch and is used to receive or send the first frequency band RF signal and the second frequency band RF signal.
  • the electronic device further includes a power subsystem, and the power subsystem is used to provide voltage to the RF front-end module.
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the electronic device provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application can refer to the beneficial effects corresponding to the modules provided above, which will not be repeated here.
  • pre-setting and “pre-definition” can be achieved by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (for example, including an electronic device), and the present application does not limit its specific implementation method.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备，涉及通信技术领域，该射频前端模块包括：天线切换开关，被配置为切换第一频段射频信号的通路和/或第二频段射频信号的通路导通；第一频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路，第二频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路。第一射频隔离组件，与天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离第一频段射频信号的发射通路，以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收通路；第二射频隔离组件，与天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离第二频段射频信号的发射通路，以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收通路。基于本申请的方案，能够降低射频通路中的损耗，提升网络传输效率。

Description

射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备
本申请要求于2023年11月13日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202311514996.3、申请名称为“射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，具体地，涉及一种射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的发展，用户对网络传输效率的要求越来越高。例如，当第一移动通信网络广泛使用时，往往还会开发第二移动通信网络，从而形成以第一移动通信网络为主，第二移动通信网络为辅的双连接(Dual Connectivity)技术，以便各大运营商逐渐向第二移动通信网络过渡。
目前，终端产品的射频前端模块为了满足各区域运营商的双连接要求，一般采用主集模组和分集模组共同形成两组射频通路发射和接收两个频段的射频信号。但是，由于两组射频通路经过的电子器件和走线较多，导致两组射频通路的损耗较大，影响网络传输效率。
因此，如何降低射频通路中的损耗，提升网络传输效率成为一个亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备，能够降低射频通路中的损耗，提升网络传输效率。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种射频前端模块，包括：天线切换开关，被配置为切换第一频段射频信号的通路和/或第二频段射频信号的通路导通或断开；所述第一频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路，所述第二频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路；一射频隔离组件，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离所述第一频段射频信号的发射通路，以及，所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；和/或第二射频隔离组件，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离所述第二频段射频信号的发射通路，以及，所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号不同。
在本申请实施例中，第一频段射频信号的通路和第二频段射频信号的通路均直接与天线切换开关连接，从而使第一频段射频信号在第一射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，第二频段射频信号在第二射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，完成两个频段射频信号的发射和接收过程，射频信号经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，有效提升网络传输效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号均处于低频波段。
在该实现方式中，第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号均为低频波段，从而使本申请的射频前端模块的电路结构适用于低频段的双连接结构。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号中的一个为4G信号，另一个为5G信号。
在该实现方式中，第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号分别为4G信号和5G信号，从而使本申请的射频前端模块适用于4G和5G的双连接结构。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括主集模组，所述天线切换开关设置在所述主集模组内部。
在本申请实施例中，天线切换开关设置在主集模组内部，第一射频隔离组件和第二射频隔离组件均设置在主集模组外部，从而使天线切换开关与主集模组内的其他电子器件集成，缩小天线切换开关占用射频前端模块的面积。并使第一频段射频信号在第一射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，第二频段射频信号在第二射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，完成两个频段射频信号的发射和接收过程，射频信号经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，有效提升网络传输效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括主集模组，所述天线切换开关设置在所述主集模组外部。
在本申请实施例中，天线切换开关、第一射频隔离组件和第二射频隔离组件均设置在主集模组外部，从而使天线切换开关与主集模组分离，便于后期更新维护。并使第一频段射频信号在第一射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，第二频段射频信号在第二射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，完成两个频段射频信号的发射和接收过程，射频信号经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，有效提升网络传输效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件设置在所述主集模组的内部或外部。
在本申请实施例中，第一射频隔离组件和第二射频隔离组件可以根据实际需求设置在主集模组的内部或者外部，并不影响射频信号的传输过程。同时，为了电路集成度或者排版，也可以将第一射频隔离组件和第二射频隔离组件一个设置在主集模组内部，另一个设置在主集模组外部，或者同时设置在主集模组的内部或外部。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述天线切换开关包括单刀n掷开关，n≥4，n为整数；所述双刀n掷开关的其中两个动触点分别与所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，所述双刀n掷开关的一个定触点与第一天线连接。
在该实现方式中，天线切换开关采用单刀n掷开关，从而使天线切换开关只切换第一天线与第一射频隔离组件或第二射频隔离组件之间的通路导通或断开，同时不影响射频前端模块内的其他单频段射频通路。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述天线切换开关包括双刀n掷开关，n≥4，n为整数；所述双刀n掷开关的其中两个动触点分别与所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，所述双刀n掷开关的两个定触点分别与第一天线和第二天线连接。
在该实现方式中，天线切换开关采用双刀n掷开关，从而使天线切换开关切换第一天线和第二天线与第一射频隔离组件和第二射频隔离组件之间的通路导通或断开，同时不影响射频前端模块内的单频段射频通路。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一射频隔离组件包括第一双工器；所述第一双工器的天线端与所述天线切换开关连接，所述第一双工器的发射通路 导通所述第一频段射频信号的发射信号，所述第一双工器的接收通路导通所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
在该实现方式中，第一射频隔离组件采用第一双工器，导通第一频段射频信号的发射通路，以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收通路，从而实现第一频段射频信号的发射过程以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收过程。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二射频隔离组件包括第二双工器；所述第二双工器的天线端与所述天线切换开关连接，所述第二双工器的发射通路导通所述第二频段射频信号的发射信号，所述第二双工器的接收通路导通所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
在该实现方式中，第二射频隔离组件采用第二双工器，导通第二频段射频信号的发射通路，以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收通路，从而实现第二频段射频信号的发射过程以及第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收过程。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括：第一天线选择开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为选择导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路和/或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；第三双工器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一天线选择开关连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号；第四双工器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一天线选择开关连接，被配置为导通所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
在该实现方式中，通过第一天线选择开关选择导通第一频段射频信号的接收通路和/或第二频段射频信号的接收通路，通过第三双工器使第一频段射频信号的接收信号导通，通过第四双工器使第二频段射频信号的接收信号导通，从而实现第一频段射频信号或第二频段射频信号的单频段接收通路。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括：第一射频开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，分别与所述第三双工器和所述第一射频隔离组件连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路，或所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；第二射频开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，分别与所述第四双工器和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，被配置为导通所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路，或所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路。
在该实现方式中，通过第一射频开关导通单频段的第一频段射频信号的接收信号或双频段的第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收信号，通过第二射频开关导通单频段的第二频段射频信号的接收信号或双频段的第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括：第一低噪声放大器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大；第二低噪声放大器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第二射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大。
在该实现方式中，通过第一低噪声放大器和第二低噪声放大器分别对第一频段射频信号的接收信号或第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行低噪声放大。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述射频前端模块还包括分集模组，与所述主集模组连接，被配置为辅助接收所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二 频段射频信号的接收信号。
在该实现方式中，当主集模组出现故障或者接收到的信号较弱时，采用分集模组接收第一频段射频信号的接收信号或第二频段射频信号的接收信号，以提高射频前端模块接收信号的稳定性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述分集模组包括：第二天线选择开关，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为选择导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；滤波器，与所述第二天线选择开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行滤波。
在该实现方式中，通过第二天线选择开关选择导通第一频段射频信号的接收通路或第二频段射频信号的接收通路，并通过滤波器对第二天线选择开关选择的第一频段射频信号的接收信号或第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行过滤。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述分集模组还包括：第三射频开关，与所述滤波器连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路。
在该实现方式中，通过第三射频开关选择导通单频段的第一频段射频信号的接收信号或单频段的第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
在该实现方式中，所述分集模组还包括：第三低噪声放大器，与所述第三射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大。
在该实现方式中，通过第三低噪声放大器对第一频段射频信号的接收信号或第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行低噪声放大。
第二方面，提供了一种射频前端芯片，包括所述的射频前端模块。
在本申请实施例中，将射频前端模块集成在射频前端芯片中，通过天线切换开关控制第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号的发射过程和接收过程，从而使第一频段射频信号在第一射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，第二频段射频信号在第二射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，完成两个频段射频信号的发射和接收过程，射频信号经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，有效提升网络传输效率。
第三方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括所述的射频前端芯片，射频收发芯片，与所述射频前端模块连接，被配置为向所述天线切换开关发送控制信号，以控制所述第一频段射频信号的通路与所述第二频段射频信号的通路的导通或断开；天线子系统，与所述射频前端模块连接，被配置为接收和/或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号。
在本申请实施例中，通过射频收发芯片控制射频前端模块的导通路径，通过天线子系统接收或者发送第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号，从而使第一频段射频信号在第一射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，第二频段射频信号在第二射频隔离组件与天线子系统之间仅经过天线切换开关，完成两个频段射频信号的发射和接收过程，射频信号经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，有效提升网络传输效率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述天线子系统包括：第一天线，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为接收或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号；第二天线，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为接收或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号。
在该实现方式中，采用第一天线和第二天线实现第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频 信号的发送与接收，具体接收路径与发射路径通过天线切换开关控制。
附图说明
图1为一种本申请实施例适用的移动通信系统的场景示意图；
图2为一种本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
图3为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图4为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图5为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的电路图；
图6为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的信号走向图；
图7为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图8为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图9为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图10为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图11为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图12为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图13为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图；
图14为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的电路图；
图15为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的信号走向图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详尽地描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为暗示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
为了便于对本申请实施例的理解，首先对本申请实施例中涉及的相关概念进行简要说明。
1、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)
LTE是由第三代合作伙伴计划(The 3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)组织制定的通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，UMTS)技术标准的长期演进，广泛应用于4G网络。
2、新空口(new radio，NR)
在通信领域，NR是指基于正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)的全新空口设计的全球性5G标准。
3、E-UTRAN新无线电-双连接(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network new radio–dual connectivity，ENDC)
在通信领域，ENDC是指以4G作为核心网，4G基站为主，5G基站为辅的一种双连接技术。在ENDC技术中，所有的信令都通过LTE网络传输，而数据则既可以通过LTE网络，也可以通过NR网络进行传输。
4、射频前端(Radio frequency Front End，RFFE)
在通信领域，射频前端是指射频收发器和天线之间的一系列组件，主要包括功率放大器(PA)、天线开关(Switch)、滤波器(Filter)、双工器(Duplexer和Diplexer)和低噪声放大器(LNA)等，直接影响着手机的信号收发。
5、发射(transmit，TX)
在通信领域，发射是指的是从一个器件向另一个器件或一组器件发送数据的行为。
6、接收(receive，RX)
在通信领域，接收是指的是将传送过来的信号转换成可感知信息的过程。
7、Bx和Nx
B为LTE制式的频段号开头，N为NR制式的频段号开头，x为频段号。Bx代表LTE频段号x所对应的频段；Nx代表NR频段号x所对应的频段。例如，B20代表LTE频段号20所对应的频段，B20上行频段对应的频率范围为832MHz～862MHz，B20下行频段对应的频率范围为791MHz～821MHz；N28代表NR频段号28所对应的频段，N28上行频段对应的频率范围为703MHz～748MHz，B20下行频段对应的频率范围为758MHz～803MHz；B28代表LTE频段号28所对应的频段，B28上行频段对应的频率范围为703MHz～748MHz，B28下行频段对应的频率范围为758MHz～803MHz。
8、LB、MB、HB
LB指的是低频(low frequency band，LB)；MB指的是中频(middle frequency band，MB)；HB指的是高频(high frequency band，HB)，MHB指的是中高频(MHB middle&high frequency band)。应理解，低频、中频、中高频、高频指的是频率的相对高低，其频段划分可以根据需要进行调整，中高频包括中频和高频。
9、双工器(diplexer，DUP)
在通信领域，双工器是指一种双通道滤波器，用于将发射信号和接收信号进行隔离，保证接收和发射都能同时正常工作。
10、低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)
在通信领域，低噪声放大器是指一种噪声系数很低的放大器，用于作为各类无线电接收机的高频或中频前置放大器，以及高灵敏度电子探测设备的放大电路。
11、声表滤波器(surface acoustic wave，SAW)
在通信领域，声表滤波器是指一种利用声表面波过滤杂讯的滤波器，用于利用输入与输出换能器(Transducer)将电波的输入信号转换成机械能，经过处理后，再将机械能转换成电信号，以达到过滤不必要的信号及杂讯的目的。
以上是对本申请实施例所涉及名词的简单介绍，以下不再赘述。
图1为一种本申请实施例适用的移动通信系统的场景示意图。
如图1所示，该移动通信系统中的电子设备100可以与多种制式的网络设备同时进行收发。例如，该移动通信系统可以包括电子设备100、LTE基站200和NR基站300，电子设备100可以与LTE基站200和NR基站300同时进行通信。其中，LTE基站200和NR基站300为两种制式的网络设备。
本申请实施例对电子设备100的类型不做具体限定。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以是手机、可穿戴设备(例如智能手环、智能手表、耳机等)、平板电脑、膝上型计算机(laptop)、手持计算机、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、增强现实(Augmented reality， AR)\虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备等IOT(internet of things，物联网)设备，还可以是电视、大屏、打印机、投影仪等设备。为方便理解，下面各实施例以电子设备100为手机为例进行示例性说明。
图2为一种本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
如图2所示，该电子设备100可以包括基带子系统10，由射频收发芯片(radio frequency integrated circuit，RFIC)21和射频前端模块(radio frequency front end，RFFE)22构成的射频子系统20，以及天线(antenna，ANT)子系统30、电源子系统40等，这些器件可以通过各种互联总线或其他电连接方式耦合。
基带子系统10可以从基带信号中提取有用的信息或数据比特，或者将信息或数据比特转换为待发送的基带信号。这些信息或数据比特可以是表示语音、文本、视频等用户数据或控制信息的数据。示例性的，基带子系统10可以实现调制和解调，编码和解码等信号处理操作。对于不同的无线接入技术，例如5G NR和4G LTE，可以提供不同的基带信号处理操作。因此，为了支持多种移动通信模式，基带子系统10可同时包括多个处理核心，或者多个硬件加速器(hardware accelerator，HAC)。基带子系统10可以集成到一个或多个芯片中。
示例性的，基带子系统10可以作为独立的芯片，该芯片可被称为调制解调器(modem)芯片。基带子系统10的硬件组件可以按照modem芯片为单位来制造和销售。modem芯片也可以被称为基带芯片或基带处理器。此外，基带子系统10也可以进一步集成在片上系统(system on chip technology，SOC)芯片中，以SOC芯片为单位来制造和销售。基带子系统10的软件组件可以在芯片出厂前内置在芯片的硬件组件中，也可以在芯片出厂后从其他非易失性存储器导入到芯片的硬件组件中，或者还可以通过网络以在线方式下载和更新这些软件组件。
此外，由于射频信号是模拟信号，基带子系统10处理的信号主要是数字信号，电子设备中还需要有模数转换器件。模数转换器件可以包括将模拟信号转换为数字信号的模数转换器(analog to digital converter，ADC)，以及数字信号转换为模拟信号的数模转换器(digital to analog converter，DAC)。应理解，模数转换器件和数模转换器可以设置在基带子系统10中，可以设置在射频子系统20中，本申请实施例对此不进行任何限制。
射频子系统20可以分为射频接收通道(RF receive path)和射频发射通道(TF transmit path)。射频接收通道可通过天线接收射频信号，对该射频信号进行处理，如放大、滤波、下变频和模数转换等以得到基带信号，并传输给基带子系统10。射频发射通道可接收来自基带子系统10的基带信号，对基带信号进行处理，如上变频、放大、滤波和数模转换等，以得到射频信号，并通过天线将该射频信号辐射到空间中。具体地，射频子系统20可以包括射频开关、双工器、天线调谐器、低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)、功率放大器、混频器(mixer)、本地振荡器(local oscillator，LO)、滤波器等电子器件，这些电子器件可以根据需要集成到一个或多个芯片中。天线有时也可以认为是射频子系统20的一部分。
示例性的，上述电子器件可以根据需要被分开设置在天线、射频前端模块22以及射频收发芯片21中。射频收发芯片21可以由混频器、本地振荡器等器件组成。其中，本地振荡器用于提供本振信号；混频器用于将射频信号与本地振荡器提供的本振信号进行混频。射频收发芯片21也可以称为接收机、发射机或收发机。
射频前端模块22可以由滤波器、低噪声放大器、功率放大器、射频开关等电子器件构成。射频开关用于实现射频信号接收与发射的切换、不同频段间的切换；双工器用于将射频信号的发射通路和接收通路进行隔离，从而保证接收和发射在共用同一天线的情况下能正常工作； 滤波器用于保留特定频段内的信号，而将特征频段外的信号滤除。低噪声放大器用于将接收通道的射频信号放大；功率放大器用于将发射通路的射频信号放大。
此处，射频收发芯片21可以通过控制线对射频前端模块22中的射频开关等组件输出控制信号，实现控制射频开关切换不同链路。
在本申请实施例中，射频开关可以包括天线切换开关，还可以包括第一天线选择开关、第二天线选择开关等。
应理解，上述仅为一种示例，射频子系统20也可以包括其他器件或采用其他集成方式，例如，可以将属于射频前端模块22的部分器件集成在射频收发芯片21中，或者，也可以将天线和射频前端模块22都集成在射频收发芯片21中，具体可以根据需要进行设置和修改，本申请实施例对此不进行任何限制。
天线子系统30包括多根天线，其中，ANT1表示第一天线，ANTn表示第n天线，n为大于1的正整数。天线子系统30也可以包括天线开关，用于切换至不同的天线，从而使得不同的信号利用不同的天线发射。
电源子系统40用于为各个器件进行供电，例如，电源可以为功率放大器提供电压。其中，该电源子系统40可以包括多个电源，该多个电源可以相同，也可以不同。该电源子系统40还可以为基带子系统10、射频子系统20和天线子系统30供电，可以采用相同的电源为各子系统供电，也可以采用不同的电源为各子系统供电。
除此之外，电子设备100还可以包括应用子系统，该应用子系统可作为电子设备100的主控制系统或主计算系统，用于运行主操作系统和应用程序，管理整个电子设备100的软硬件资源，并可为用户提供用户操作界面。应用子系统可包括一个或多个处理核心。此外，应用子系统中也可以包括与其他子系统(例如基带子系统10)相关的驱动软件。基带子系统10也可以包括一个或多个处理核心，以及硬件加速器和缓存等。
应理解，上述仅为针对电子设备100的结构的一种示例，电子设备100也可以包括其他子系统或器件，具体可以根据需要进行设置和修改，本申请实施例对此不进行任何限制。
目前，具有更高传输效率的5G被广泛应用，5G组网模式包括独立组网(standalone，SA)模式和非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)两种模式。其中，NSA模式引入了双连接(dual connection，DC)技术，以支持电子设备100可以与4G基站和5G基站同时进行通信。根据4G基站和5G基站这两个基站所承担的角色的不同，NSA模式下的DC架构可以分为ENDC、NR-EUTRA双连接(NR-EUTRA Dual-Connection，NEDC)、NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR双连接(NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual-Connectivity，NGEN-DC)三种架构。其中，NEDC是指以5G作为核心网，5G基站为主，4G基站为辅的一种双连接技术。NGEN-DC是指以5G作为核心网，4G基站为主，5G基站为辅的一种双连接技术。示例性地，在本申请提供的一种实施例中，可以采用一个4G信号和一个5G信号构成ENDC场景的两个不同频段的射频信号。
图3为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
在本申请提供的一种实施例中，以电子设备100支持NSA模式下LB1+LB2的ENDC架构为例。如图3所示，射频收发芯片21和射频前端模块22之间传输的信号可以包括：LB1发射信号，LB1接收信号，LB2发射信号，LB2接收信号。其中，LB1发射信号是指频率处于LB对应频段的一种发射信号，LB1接收信号是指频率处于LB对应频段的一种接收信号；LB2发射信号是指频率处于LB对应频段的另一种发射信号，LB1接收信号是指频率处于LB对应频段的另一种接收信号。其中，LB1信号和LB2信号处于不同的低频频段。例如，n28+B20的ENDC架构，或者B28+n20的ENDC架构等。射频收发芯片21与第一天线ANT1和第二 天线ANT2连接，以用于发射LB1发射信号和LB2发射信号，以及接收LB1接收信号和LB2接收信号等。
在本申请的一种实施例中，NSA模式下LB1+LB2的ENDC架构的射频前端模块一般包括主集模组和分集模组，通过主集模组内的天线切换开关和天线选择开关导通外部天线与第一频段隔离组件之间的通路，其中，第一频段隔离组件可以为用于隔离LB1信号的发射信号以及LB1信号和LB2信号的接收信号的第一双工器。因此，主集模组内的天线切换开关和天线选择开关均会造成LB1频段的射频信号的发射过程以及LB1频段和LB2频段的射频信号的接收过程的损耗较高。
同时，通过主集模组内的天线切换开关、主集模组与分集模组之间的导线以及分集模组内的天线选择开关导通外部天线与第二频段隔离组件之间的通路，其中，第二频段隔离组件可以为用于隔离LB2的发射信号以及LB1信号和LB2信号的接收信号的第二双工器。因此，主集模组内的天线切换开关、主集模组与分集模组的之间导线以及分集模组内的天线选择开关均会造成LB2频段的射频信号的发射过程以及LB1频段和LB2频段的射频信号的接收过程的损耗较高，从而影响LB1信号和LB2信号的网络传输效率。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种射频前端模块，仅通过天线切换开关控制导通外部天线与第一频段隔离组件之间通路，以使LB1信号的发射信号以及LB1信号和LB2信号的接收信号传输。这样，只经过天线切换开关会使LB1频段的射频信号的发射过程以及LB1频段和LB2频段的射频信号的接收过程的损耗较低。同样，仅通过该天线切换开关控制导通外部天线与第二频段隔离组件之间通路，以使LB2信号的发射信号以及LB1信号和LB2信号的接收信号传输。这样，只经过天线切换开关会使LB2频段的射频信号的发射过程以及LB1频段和LB2频段的射频信号的接收过程的损耗较低，从而有效提高LB1信号和LB2信号的网络传输效率。
下面结合图4至图6，针对NSA模式下LB1+LB2的ENDC架构的射频前端模块，由于经过电子器件和导线较多，导致损耗较高的问题进行详细介绍。
图4为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
在本申请提供的一种实施例中，射频前端模块22包括主集模组221、分集模组222，主集模组221包括天线切换开关2211、天线选择开关2212，天线切换开关2211的一端与天线子系统30连接，天线切换开关2211的另一端分别与天线选择开关2212的一端和分集模组222连接，天线选择开关2212的另一端与第一射频隔离组件2218连接。其中，第一射频隔离组件2218用于隔离第一频段射频信号的发射通路以及第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号的接收通路。在该结构中，第一射频隔离组件2218与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2211、天线选择开关2212。
分集模组222包括天线选择开关2221，天线选择开关2221的一端通过印刷电路板(printed circuit boards，PCB)的走线与主集模组221内的天线切换开关2211连接，天线选择开关2221的另一端与第二射频隔离组件2225连接。其中，第二射频隔离组件2225用于隔离第二频段射频信号的发射通路以及第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号的接收通路。在该结构中，第二射频隔离组件2225与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2211、PCB走线、天线选择开关2221。
示例性地，图5为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的电路图。
在本申请提供的一种实施例中，以电子设备100支持NSA模式下n28+B20的ENDC架构为例。如图5所示，在本申请实施例中，射频前端模块22包括主集模组221和分集模组 222，主集模组221分别与第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2连接。其中，主集模组221包括天线切换开关2211，天线选择开关2212，B20双工器2213，B28双工器2214，低噪声放大器2215、2217，射频开关2216，n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2218。
天线切换开关2211通过两个接口(即ANT1接口与ANT2接口)分别与第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2连接，用于切换第一天线ANT1与天线选择开关2212的通路或第一天线ANT1与分集模组222之间的通路，或者切换第二天线ANT2与天线选择开关2212的通路或第二天线ANT2与分集模组222之间的通路。天线选择开关2212与天线切换开关2211连接，用于选择导通一条或多条射频通道，也就是说，使天线切换开关2211与B20双工器2213、B28双工器2214或n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218中的一条或多条通道导通或截止。
B20双工器2213，与天线选择开关2212连接，用于通过内部接收通路过滤导通B20频段的接收信号。B28双工器2214，与天线选择开关2212连接，用于通过内部接收通路过滤导通B28频段的接收信号。低噪声放大器2215、2217，分别与B20双工器2213和B28双工器2214连接，用于分别对B20频段的接收信号和B28频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，以去除杂讯并放大射频信号。射频开关2216，分别与B28双工器2214、n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218和低噪声放大器2217连接，用于选择导通B28双工器2214与低噪声放大器2217之间的通路，或者n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218与低噪声放大器2217的之间通路。
n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218，与天线选择开关2212连接，用于通过内部的发射通路导通n28频段的发射信号，以及通过内部的接收通路导通B20频段与n28频段的接收信号。另外，n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218位于主集模组221外部，通过主集模组221的TX_IN1接口与天线选择开关2212的一个动触点连接，通过主集模组221的LNA_AUX_IN1接口与射频开关2216连接。
可以理解的是，第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2既可以作为独立于射频前端模块22的组件，也可以集成于射频前端模块22内部。同时，应理解，第一天线ANT1与第二天线ANT1均可以独立完成发射信号与接收信号的功能，同时互为备用天线，以防某个天线故障或被遮挡时，影响射频信号的发射和接收。
图6为一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的信号走向图。
如图6中第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218之间的虚线走向所示，示例性地，以n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景为例，当需要通过主集模组221将n28频段的发射信号外发至空间时，n28频段的发射信号通过n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218内的发射通道进入天线选择开关2212。天线选择开关2212选择导通n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218与天线切换开关2211之间的通路，以使n28频段的发射信号通过天线选择开关2212进入天线切换开关2211。天线切换开关2211导通天线选择开关2212与第一天线ANT1之间的通路，从而使n28频段的发射信号从第一天线ANT1发射至空间。
当需要通过主集模组221同时接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号时，从第一天线ANT1接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2211导通第一天线ANT1与天线选择开关2212之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线切换开关2211发送至天线选择开关2212。天线选择开关2212导通天线切换开关2211与n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线选择开关2212和n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218发送至射频开关2216。
射频开关2216选择导通n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218与低噪声放大器2217之间的通 路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号发送至低噪声放大器2217。低噪声放大器2217对n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，获得去除杂讯后的n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。
因此，在n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景中，第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28PRx双工器2218之间的损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2211的损耗与天线选择开关2212的损耗。例如，在本申请的一种实施方式中，天线切换开关2211的损耗，示例性地，典型值可以为0.25dB。天线选择开关2212的损耗，示例性地，典型值可以为0.3dB。整个信号传输过程经过的电子器件和走线较多，损耗较高，对发射信号的发射效率和发射终端的功耗以及接收信号的终端灵敏度均有影响，对网络传输效率的影响较大。
如图5所示，在本申请实施例中，分集模组222包括天线选择开关2221、B20+B28声表滤波器2222、射频开关2223、低噪声放大器2224、B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225，天线选择开关2221，与主集模组221内的天线切换开关2211连接，用于选择导通一条或多条射频通道，也就是说，使天线切换开关2211与B20+B28声表滤波器2222、B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225中的一条或多条通道导通或截止。
B20+B28声表滤波器2222，与天线选择开关2221连接，用于对B20信号或B28信号进行滤波。射频开关2223，与B20+B28声表滤波器2222连接，用于选择导通低噪声放大器2224与B20+B28声表滤波器2222之间的通路，或者低噪声放大器2224与B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225之间的通路。低噪声放大器2224，与射频开关2223连接，用于对B20频段的接收信号和n28频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，以去除杂讯并放大射频信号。
B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225，分别与天线切换开关2211和射频开关2223连接，用于通过内部的发射通路导通B20频段的发射信号，以及通过内部的接收通路导通B20频段与n28频段的接收信号。另外，B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225位于分集模组222外部，通过分集模组222的TX_IN2接口与天线选择开关2221的一个动触点连接，通过分集模组222的LNA_AUX_IN2接口与射频开关2223连接。同时，天线选择开关2221通过分集模组222的ANT3接口和走线与主集模组221的DRX_IN接口连接。
如图6中第二天线ANT2与B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225之间的虚线走向所示，示例性地，以n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景为例，当需要通过分集模组222将B20频段的发射信号辐射至空间时，B20频段的发射信号通过B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225内的发射通道进入天线选择开关2221。天线选择开关2212选择导通B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225与天线选择开关2221之间的通路，以使n28频段的发射信号通过走线和天线选择开关2221进入天线切换开关2211。天线切换开关2211导通天线选择开关2221与第二天线ANT2之间的通路，从而使B20频段的发射信号从第二天线ANT2辐射至空间。
当需要通过分集模组222同时接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号时，从第二天线ANT2接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2211导通第二天线ANT2与天线选择开关2221之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过主集模组221内的天线切换开关2211发送至分集模组222内的天线选择开关2221。天线选择开关2221导通天线切换开关2211与B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线选择开关2221和B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225发送至射频开关2223。
射频开关2223选择导通B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225与低噪声放大器2224之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号发送至低噪声放大器2224。低噪声放 大器2224对n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，获得去除杂讯后的n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。
因此，在n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景中，第二天线ANT2与B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225之间的损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2211的损耗、主集模组221的DRX_IN接口与分集模组222的ANT3接口之间的走线损耗以及B20Tx+B20/n28DRx双工器2225的损耗。例如，在本申请的一种实施方式中，天线切换开关2211的损耗，示例性地，典型值可以为0.25dB，主集模组221的DRX_IN接口与分集模组222的ANT3接口之间的PCB走线的损耗，示例性地，典型值至少可以为0.25dB以上。天线选择开关2221的损耗，示例性地，典型值可以为0.3dB。整个信号传输过程经过的电子器件和走线较多，损耗较高，对发射信号的发射效率和发射终端的功耗以及接收信号的终端灵敏度均有影响，对网络传输效率的影响较大。
因此，为了解决本申请实施例中第一射频隔离组件2218与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗较高，以及第二射频隔离组件2225与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗较高的问题，本申请提供了一种射频前端模块，减少天线子系统30与第一射频隔离组件2218或第二射频隔离组件2225之间的电子器件或走线，从而降低射频信号传输通路中的损耗，有效提高网络传输效率。
下面结合图7至图15，针对NSA模式下LB1+LB2的ENDC架构的射频前端模块，减少天线子系统30与第一射频隔离组件2218或第二射频隔离组件2225之间的电子器件或走线的方案进行详细介绍。
图7为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
在本申请提供的又一种实施例中，射频前端模块22包括主集模组223，主集模组221包括天线切换开关2231，天线切换开关2231的一端与天线子系统30连接，天线切换开关2231的另一端分别与第一射频隔离组件2232和第二射频隔离组件2233连接。其中，第一射频隔离组件2232用于隔离第一频段射频信号的发射通路以及第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号的接收通路。第二射频隔离组件2233用于隔离第二频段射频信号的发射通路以及第一频段射频信号和第二频段射频信号的接收通路。在该结构中，第一射频隔离组件2232与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2231。第二射频隔离组件2233与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2231。
因此，相较于图4中射频前端模块的结构，在本申请实施例中，减少了第一射频隔离组件2232与天线子系统30之间的通路的电子器件，以及减少了第二射频隔离组件2233与天线子系统30之间的通路的电子器件和PCB走线，从而降低了第一射频隔离组件2232与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗，降低了第二射频隔离组件2233与天线子系统30之间的通路损耗，提高了射频前端模块的网络传输效率。
图8为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，如图8所示，在本申请实施例中，射频前端模块22中的天线切换开关2231也可以设置在主集模组221的外部，以便于后期更新维护。
图9为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，第一射频隔离组件2232和第二射频隔离组件2233也可以均设置在主集模组223的内部，从而使第一射频隔离组件2232和第二射频隔离组件2233与天线切换开关2231均集成在主集模组223中。当缩短第一射频隔离组件2232和第二射频隔离组件2233与天线切换开关2231之间的引线距离时，还可以降低损耗，提高射频前端模块 的整体集成度。
图10为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，根据实际布线需求，也可以将第一射频隔离组件2232设置在主集模组223的内部，第二射频隔离组件2233设置在主集模组223的外部。当缩短第一射频隔离组件2232与天线切换开关2231之间的引线距离时，还可以降低损耗，提高射频前端模块的整体集成度。
图11为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，根据实际布线需求，也可以将第二射频隔离组件2233设置在主集模组223的内部，第一射频隔离组件2232设置在主集模组223的外部。当缩短第二射频隔离组件2233与天线切换开关2231之间的引线距离时，还可以降低损耗，提高射频前端模块的整体集成度。
图12为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，如图12所示，基于图7所示的射频前端模块的结构示意图，在本申请实施例中，射频前端模块22还包括分集模组224，分集模组224包括天线选择开关2241，天线选择开关2241的一端通过印刷电路板(printed circuit boards，PCB)的走线与主集模组221内的天线切换开关2211连接。在该结构中，分集模组224不承担两个频段的射频信号的双连接功能。
图13为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的结构示意图。
可选地，如图13所示，在本申请实施例中，射频前端模块22中的天线切换开关2231也可以设置在主集模组221的外部，以便于后期更新维护。
图14为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的电路图。
如图14所示，在本申请实施例的一种实现方式中，射频前端模块22包括主集模组223和分集模组224，主集模组223分别与第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2连接。其中，主集模组223包括天线切换开关2231，n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232和B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233，天线切换开关2231，设置在主集模组223的内部，通过两个接口(即ANT1接口与ANT2接口)分别与第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2连接，用于切换第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232之间的通路或第一天线ANT1与B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233之间的通路，或者切换第二天线ANT2与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232之间的通路或第二天线ANT2与B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233之间的通路。
n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232，设置在主集模组223的外部，通过TX_IN1接口与天线切换开关2231连接，用于通过内部的发射通路导通n28频段的发射信号，以及通过内部的接收通路导通B20频段与n28频段的接收信号。B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233，设置在主集模组223的外部，通过TX_IN2接口与天线切换开关2231连接，用于通过内部的发射通路导通B20频段的发射信号，以及通过内部的接收通路导通B20频段与n28频段的接收信号。
需要说明的是，天线切换开关2231还可以设置在主集模组223的外部，使天线切换开关2231与主集模组223分离，以便于后期对天线切换开关2231进行更新维护，其他电子器件连接方式与上述实施例相同。
图15为又一种本申请实施例提供的射频前端模块的信号走向图。
如图15中的第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232之间的虚线走向所示，示例性地，以n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景为例，在本申请的一种实施方式中，当需要通过主集模组223将n28频段的发射信号外发至空间时，n28频段的发射信号通过 n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232内的发射通道进入天线选择开关2231。天线选择开关2231选择导通n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232与第一天线ANT1之间的通路，从而使n28频段的发射信号从第一天线ANT1辐射至空间。
示例性地，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，当需要通过主集模组223同时接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号时，从第一天线ANT1接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2231导通第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线切换开关2231发送至n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232，获得n28频段和N20频段两个频段的接收信号。
示例性地，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，当需要通过主集模组223将B20频段的发射信号外发至空间时，B20频段的发射信号通过B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233内的发射通道进入天线选择开关2231。天线选择开关2231选择导通B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233与第二天线ANT2之间的通路，从而使B20频段的发射信号从第二天线ANT2发射至空间。
示例性地，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，当需要通过主集模组223同时接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号时，从第二天线ANT2接收n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2231导通第二天线ANT2与B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233之间的通路，以使n28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线切换开关2231发送至B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233，获得n28频段和N20频段两个频段的接收信号。
因此，在本申请n28信号+B20信号的ENDC场景中，第一天线ANT1与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232之间的损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2231的损耗。示例性地，典型值可以为0.3dB。相较于图5，减少了主集模组221内的天线切换开关2212，进而减少了天线切换开关2212的损耗。第二天线ANT2与B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233之间的损耗至少包括：天线切换开关2211的损耗。示例性地，典型值可以为0.3dB。相较于图5，减少了主集模组221与分集模组222之间的PCB走线以及分集模组222内的天线切换开关2221，进而减少了主集模组221与分集模组222之间的PCB走线的损耗和天线切换开关2221的损耗。整个信号传输过程经过的电子器件和走线较少，损耗较低，终端产品的发射效率、功耗及接收灵敏度性能均有效提升，提高网络传输效率。
如图14所示，在本申请实施例的又一种实现方式中，主集模组223还包括天线选择开关2234，B20双工器2235，B28双工器2236，射频开关2237、2238，低噪声放大器2239、2240，均设置于主集模组223的内部。天线选择开关2234，与天线切换开关2231连接，用于选择导通一条或多条射频通道，也就是说，使天线切换开关2231与B20双工器2235或B28双工器2236中的一条或多条通道导通或截止。B20双工器2235，与天线选择开关2234连接，用于通过内部接收通路过滤导通B20频段的接收信号。B28双工器2236，与天线选择开关2234连接，用于通过内部接收通路过滤导通B28频段的接收信号。
射频开关2237，分别与B20双工器2235和n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232连接，用于选择导通B20双工器2235与低噪声放大器2239之间的通路，或者n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232与低噪声放大器2239之间的通路。射频开关2238，分别与B28双工器2236、B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233连接，用于选择导通B28双工器2236与低噪声放大器2240之间的通路，或者B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233与低噪声放大器2240的之间通路。
低噪声放大器2239，与射频开关2237连接，用于分别对B20频段的接收信号和/或n28频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，以去除杂讯并放大射频信号。低噪声放大器2240，与射频开关2238连接，用于分别对B28频段的接收信号、n28频段的接收信号和/或B20频段的接 收信号进行低噪声放大，以去除杂讯并放大射频信号。另外，射频开关2237通过LNA_AUX_IN1接口与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232连接。射频开关2238通过LNA_AUX_IN2接口与B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233连接。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，B28双工器2236也可以替换为B28a双工器或者n28双工器，本申请并不对天线选择开关2234与两个射频开关之间的双工器网络信号进行限制。即可以为4G信号，也可以为5G信号，或者其中一个为4G信号，另一个为5G信号。
分集模组224包括天线选择开关2241，B20+B28双工器2242，射频开关2243，低噪声放大器2244，均设置于分集模组224的内部。天线选择开关2241，与天线切换开关2231连接，用于选择导通一条或多条射频通道，也就是说，使天线切换开关2231与B20+B28双工器2242之间的通道导通或截止。B20+B28双工器2242，与天线选择开关2241连接，用于通过内部接收通路过滤导通B20信号或B28信号。射频开关2243，与B20+B28双工器2242连接，用于选择导通B20+B28双工器2242与低噪声放大器2244之间的通路。低噪声放大器2244，与射频开关2243连接，用于对B20信号或B28信号进行低噪声放大，以去除杂讯并放大射频信号。另外，天线选择开关2241通过分集模组224的ANT3接口与主集模组223的DRX_IN接口连接。
如图15所示，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，当需要通过主集模组223接收B28频段的接收信号或B20频段的接收信号时，从第一天线ANT1接收B28频段的接收信号或B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2231导通第一天线ANT1与天线选择开关2234之间的通路，以使B28频段的接收信号或B20频段的接收信号通过天线切换开关2231发送至天线选择开关2234。天线选择开关2234导通天线切换开关2231与B20双工器2235或B28双工器2236之间的通路，以使B20频段的接收信号通过天线选择开关2234和B20双工器2235发送至射频开关2237，或者，B28频段的接收信号通过天线选择开关2234和B28双工器2236发送至射频开关2238。
射频开关2237选择导通B20双工器2235与低噪声放大器2239之间通路，以使B20频段的接收信号发送至低噪声放大器2239。射频开关2238选择导通B28双工器2236与低噪声放大器2240之间通路，以使B28频段的接收信号发送至低噪声放大器2240。低噪声放大器2239对B20频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，获得去除杂讯后的B20频段的接收信号。低噪声放大器2240对B28频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，获得去除杂讯后的B28频段的接收信号。
如图15所示，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，当需要通过分集模组224接收B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号时，从第二天线ANT2接收B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。天线切换开关2231导通第二天线ANT2与天线选择开关2241之间的通路，以使B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过主集模组223内的天线切换开关2231发送至分集模组224内的天线选择开关2241。天线选择开关2241导通天线切换开关2231与B20+B28双工器2242之间的通路，以使B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号通过天线选择开关2241和B20+B28双工器2242发送至射频开关2243。
射频开关2243选择导通B20+B28双工器2242与低噪声放大器2244之间的通路，以使B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号发送至低噪声放大器2244。低噪声放大器2244对B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号进行低噪声放大，获得去除杂讯后的B28频段的接收信号与B20频段的接收信号。
基于上述电路结构，可以理解的是，天线切换开关2231可以选择完全或部分路径的单刀 多掷开关(single pole n throw，SPnT)，以满足切换第一天线ANT1分别与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232、B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233、天线选择开关2233和天线选择开关2241之间的通路，完成两个频段的射频信号的发射过程和接收过程。
基于上述电路结构，可以理解的是，天线切换开关2231还可以选择完全或部分路径的双刀多掷开关(double pole n throw，DPnT)，以满足切换第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2分别与n28Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2232、B20Tx+B20/n28Rx双工器2233、天线选择开关2233和天线选择开关2241之间的通路，完成两个频段的射频信号的发射过程和接收过程。其中，第一天线ANT1和第二天线ANT2可以互为备用天线。
本申请实施例还提供一种射频前端芯片，包括如上所述的射频前端模块22。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括如上述所述的射频前端芯片、射频收发芯片、以及天线子系统，射频收发芯片，与射频前端模块连接，用于向天线切换开关发送控制信号，以控制第一频段射频信号的通路与第二频段射频信号的通路的导通或断开。天线子系统，包括第一天线和第二天线，第一天线，与天线切换开关连接，用于接收或发送第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号。第二天线，与天线切换开关连接，用于接收或发送第一频段射频信号与第二频段射频信号。
可选地，该电子设备还包括电源子系统，电源子系统用于为射频前端模块提供电压。
上述本申请实施例提供的电子设备所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的模块对应的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
应理解，上述只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非要限制本申请实施例的范围。本领域技术人员根据所给出的上述示例，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，例如，上述检测方法的各个实施例中某些步骤可以是不必须的，或者可以新加入某些步骤等。或者上述任意两种或者任意多种实施例的组合。这样的修改、变化或者组合后的方案也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
还应理解，上文对本申请实施例的描述着重于强调各个实施例之间的不同之处，未提到的相同或相似之处可以互相参考，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
还应理解，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
还应理解，本申请实施例中，“预先设定”、“预先定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括电子设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的方式、情况、类别以及实施例的划分仅是为了描述的方便，不应构成特别的限定，各种方式、类别、情况以及实施例中的特征在不矛盾的情况下可以相结合。
还应理解，在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种射频前端模块，其特征在于，包括：
    天线切换开关，被配置为切换第一频段射频信号的通路和/或第二频段射频信号的通路导通或断开；所述第一频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路，所述第二频段射频信号的通路包括发射通路和接收通路；
    第一射频隔离组件，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离所述第一频段射频信号的发射通路，以及，所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；
    和/或，第二射频隔离组件，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为隔离所述第二频段射频信号的发射通路，以及，所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；
    所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号均处于低频波段。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号中的一个为4G信号，另一个为5G信号。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括主集模组，所述天线切换开关设置在所述主集模组内部。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括主集模组，所述天线切换开关设置在所述主集模组外部。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件设置在所述主集模组的内部或外部。
  7. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述天线切换开关包括单刀n掷开关，n≥4，n为整数；
    所述单刀n掷开关的其中两个动触点分别与所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，所述单刀n掷开关的一个定触点与第一天线连接。
  8. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述天线切换开关包括双刀n掷开关，n≥4，n为整数；
    所述双刀n掷开关的其中两个动触点分别与所述第一射频隔离组件和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，所述双刀n掷开关的两个定触点分别与第一天线和第二天线连接。
  9. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述第一射频隔离组件包括第一双工器；所述第一双工器的天线端与所述天线切换开关连接，所述第一双工器的发射通路导通所述第一频段射频信号的发射信号，所述第一双工器的接收通路导通所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
  10. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述第二射频隔离组件包括第二双工器；所述第二双工器的天线端与所述天线切换开关连接，所述第二双工器的发射通路导通所述第二频段射频信号的发射信号，所述第二双工器的接收通路导通所述第一频段射频信号和所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
  11. 如权利要求4或5所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括：
    第一天线选择开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为选择导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路和/或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；
    第三双工器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一天线选择开关连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号；
    第四双工器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一天线选择开关连接，被配置为导通所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括：
    第一射频开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，分别与所述第三双工器和所述第一射频隔离组件连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路，或所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；
    第二射频开关，设置在所述主集模组内部，分别与所述第四双工器和所述第二射频隔离组件连接，被配置为导通所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路，或所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括：
    第一低噪声放大器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第一射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大；
    第二低噪声放大器，设置在所述主集模组内部，与所述第二射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大。
  14. 如权利要求4或5所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块还包括分集模组，与所述主集模组连接，被配置为辅助接收所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述分集模组包括：
    第二天线选择开关，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为选择导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路；
    滤波器，与所述第二天线选择开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行滤波。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述分集模组还包括：
    第三射频开关，与所述滤波器连接，被配置为导通所述第一频段射频信号的接收通路或所述第二频段射频信号的接收通路。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的射频前端模块，其特征在于，所述分集模组还包括：
    第三低噪声放大器，与所述第三射频开关连接，被配置为对所述第一频段射频信号的接收信号或所述第二频段射频信号的接收信号进行放大。
  18. 一种射频前端芯片，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至17中任一项所述的射频前端模块。
  19. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求18所述的射频前端芯片，
    射频收发芯片，与所述射频前端模块连接，被配置为向所述天线切换开关发送控制信号，以控制所述第一频段射频信号的通路与所述第二频段射频信号的通路的导通或断开；
    天线子系统，与所述射频前端模块连接，被配置为接收和/或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述天线子系统包括：
    第一天线，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为接收或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号；
    第二天线，与所述天线切换开关连接，被配置为接收或发送所述第一频段射频信号与所述第二频段射频信号。
PCT/CN2024/106302 2023-11-13 2024-07-19 射频前端模块、射频前端芯片及电子设备 Pending WO2025102799A1 (zh)

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Citations (4)

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US20150092636A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Broadcom Corporation Single local oscillator architecture
CN106559100A (zh) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-05 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 一种通信射频前端模块及通信方法
CN109743072A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-10 深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司 一种移动终端信号收发装置及其控制方法
WO2023016198A1 (zh) * 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 射频系统和通信设备

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150092636A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Broadcom Corporation Single local oscillator architecture
CN106559100A (zh) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-05 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 一种通信射频前端模块及通信方法
CN109743072A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-10 深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司 一种移动终端信号收发装置及其控制方法
WO2023016198A1 (zh) * 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 射频系统和通信设备

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