WO2025035383A1 - 微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025035383A1
WO2025035383A1 PCT/CN2023/113094 CN2023113094W WO2025035383A1 WO 2025035383 A1 WO2025035383 A1 WO 2025035383A1 CN 2023113094 W CN2023113094 W CN 2023113094W WO 2025035383 A1 WO2025035383 A1 WO 2025035383A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
frequency
renewable energy
energy storage
generation system
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈信宏
黄博扬
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Delta Electronics Inc
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Delta Electronics Inc
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/113094 priority Critical patent/WO2025035383A1/zh
Publication of WO2025035383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025035383A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a microgrid system, an energy storage system and a control method, and in particular to a microgrid system, an energy storage system and a control method for power dispatching.
  • power generation technology is mainly based on centralized power generation by power companies.
  • users can only wait for power to be restored and have no electricity to use.
  • the above method also has its problems.
  • the energy storage battery and the solar cell cannot communicate with each other, how to control the output power of the solar cell to achieve a balance between the solar cell, the energy storage battery and the load is one of the problems to be solved.
  • the present disclosure proposes a microgrid system for connecting to a mains power system and for operating in a microgrid mode when the mains power system is not supplying power.
  • the microgrid system includes a renewable energy generation system and an energy storage system.
  • the energy storage system is used to output a control voltage including a control frequency to the renewable energy generation system, so that the renewable energy generation system adjusts the renewable energy output power output by the renewable energy generation system according to the control frequency.
  • the present disclosure also proposes an energy storage system, which together with a renewable energy power generation system forms a microgrid system.
  • the energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and an integration device.
  • the energy storage battery is used to output a DC voltage in the microgrid mode.
  • the integration device is coupled to the energy storage battery.
  • the integration device includes a DC-AC converter and a controller.
  • the DC-AC converter is coupled to the energy storage battery to convert the DC voltage into a control voltage and transmit the control voltage to the renewable energy power generation system.
  • the control voltage includes a control frequency.
  • the controller is coupled to the DC-AC converter. In the microgrid mode, the controller is used to adjust the control frequency so that the renewable energy power generation system adjusts the renewable energy output power output by the renewable energy power generation system according to the control frequency.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a control method, which is applicable to a microgrid system, and is used to connect to a mains power system and to operate in a microgrid mode when the mains power system is not supplying power.
  • the microgrid system includes an energy storage system and a renewable energy generation system.
  • the control method includes the following steps: the energy storage system outputs a control voltage including a control frequency to the renewable energy generation system; and The renewable energy power generation system adjusts the renewable energy output power output by the renewable energy power generation system according to the control frequency, so that the microgrid system achieves power balance.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a microgrid system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a flow chart of a control method according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a flow chart of one of the steps in FIG2 according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a control frequency and a renewable energy output power according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a control frequency and a renewable energy output power according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Microgrid system 110 Energy Storage System 112: Energy storage battery 114: Integration Device 115: DC to AC converter 117: Controller 130: Renewable energy power generation system 132: Solar Cells 134: Solar inverter B1, B2, B3: No fuse switch C1, C2, C3, C4: Switcher (Relay) VC: Control voltage FC: Control frequency POUT: Renewable energy output power 900A,900B: Load 800: Mains power system 200: Control Methods S210, S230: Steps S305, S310, S320, S330, S350, S360: Steps S370,S390: Steps Fbuffer: buffer frequency range FB: Basic frequency PB: Basic Power P1, P2: Power F1, F2, F3, F4: Frequency t0,t1,t2,t3,t4,t5: time points t6,t7,t8,t9,t10,t11,t12: time points ta1,ta2,ta3,ta4: time interval tb1,tb
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a microgrid system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the microgrid system 100 includes an energy storage system 110 and a renewable energy generation system 130 .
  • the microgrid system 100 is used to connect to the mains system 800.
  • the microgrid system 100 further includes switches (relays) C1 to C4, which are used to control the connection relationship and power supply relationship between the energy storage system 110, the renewable energy generation system 130 and the mains system 800 in conjunction with the non-fuse switches B1 to B3.
  • the microgrid system 100 When the mains is powered, the microgrid system 100 operates in the mains mode. At this time, the mains system 800 operates as a voltage source, while the energy storage system 110 and the renewable energy generation system 130 operate as current sources, and the mains system 800 supplies power to the load 900A, while the load 900B is powered by the mains system 800 through the path of the non-fuse switch B1, the switch (relay) C1, the switch (relay) C2, the switch (relay) C3, and the non-fuse switch B3.
  • the microgrid system 100 when the mains is not powered, the microgrid system 100 operates in the microgrid mode, at which time the energy storage system 110 operates as a voltage source, while the renewable energy generation system 130 operates as a current source, and the energy storage system 110 and the renewable energy generation system 130 are connected in parallel to supply power to the specific attached load 900B.
  • the renewable energy power generation system 130 when the output power of the renewable energy power generation system 130 is greater than the load power of the load 900B, the renewable energy power generation system 130 is further configured to supply power to the load 900B and charge the energy storage system 110 at the same time.
  • the load 900A is a general load
  • the load 900B is a specific load.
  • the specific load may be emergency power that must be used when the mains power system 800 is not supplying power, such as an emergency lighting lamp.
  • the energy storage system 110 includes an energy storage battery 112 and an integrated device 114.
  • the energy storage battery 112 and the integrated device 114 are coupled.
  • the renewable energy generation system 130 includes a solar cell 132 and a solar inverter.
  • the solar cell 132 and the solar inverter 134 are coupled.
  • the integrated device 114 includes a DC-AC converter 115 and a controller 117.
  • the DC-AC converter 115 and the controller 117 are coupled.
  • the DC-AC converter 115 is also coupled to the energy storage battery 112 to convert the DC voltage output by the energy storage battery 112 in the microgrid mode into a control voltage VC.
  • the controller 117 is used to adjust the control frequency FC included in the control voltage VC, so that the renewable energy power generation system 130 adjusts the renewable energy output power POUT output by the renewable energy power generation system 130 according to the control frequency FC.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a control method 200 according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the control method 200 is suitable for being executed by the microgrid system 100 in Fig. 1 in a microgrid mode.
  • the control method 200 comprises steps S210 to S230.
  • step S210 the energy storage system 110 outputs a control voltage VC including a control frequency FC to the renewable energy generation system 130 .
  • step S230 the renewable energy power generation system 130 adjusts the renewable energy output power POUT output by the renewable energy power generation system 130 according to the control frequency FC.
  • FC the renewable energy output power
  • FIG3 is a flowchart of step S210 in FIG2 according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Step S210 includes steps S305 to S390 . The following will be described with reference to FIG1 .
  • step S305 the energy storage system 110 operates in the microgrid mode and outputs a control voltage VC whose control frequency FC is the basic frequency FB to the renewable energy generation system 130 , so that the renewable energy generation system 130 outputs the renewable energy output power POUT according to the basic frequency FB of the control voltage VC.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a relationship P(f) between a control frequency FC and a renewable energy output power POUT according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the basic frequency FB is a frequency located in the buffer frequency interval Fbuffer.
  • the control frequency FC is higher than the buffer frequency interval Fbuffer, as the control frequency FC increases, the renewable energy output power POUT gradually decreases.
  • control frequency FC and the renewable energy output power POUT shown in FIG4 is linear, however, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In some other embodiments, the relationship between the control frequency FC and the renewable energy output power POUT may be a step-down relationship.
  • step S305 when the control frequency FC is the basic frequency FB, the renewable energy output power POUT is the maximum power that the renewable energy power generation system 130 can output, that is, 100% of the power.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a control frequency FC and a renewable energy output power POUT according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the control frequency FC is the basic frequency FB
  • the renewable energy output power POUT is the basic power PB.
  • the basic power PB corresponds to 100% of the power shown in FIG. 4.
  • the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 is further used to adjust the control frequency FC so that the control frequency FC periodically decreases from the first frequency to the second frequency, and then Rise to the first frequency.
  • the controller 117 adjusts the control frequency FC so that the control frequency FC gradually decreases from the basic frequency FB to the frequency F1 within the time interval ta1, and reaches the frequency F1 at time point t2.
  • the controller 117 adjusts the control frequency FC so that the control frequency FC gradually increases from the frequency F1 to the basic frequency FB within the time interval ta2, and reaches the frequency basic FB at time point t3.
  • the control frequency FC is maintained at the basic frequency FB. Then, at time point t4, the controller 117 adjusts the control frequency FC so that the control frequency FC gradually decreases from the frequency F1 within the time interval ta3, and reaches the frequency F1 at time point t5. Then, at time point t5, the controller 117 adjusts the control frequency FC so that the control frequency FC gradually increases from the frequency F1 to the frequency FB within the time interval ta4, and reaches the frequency FB at time point t6.
  • the time intervals ta1 , ta2 , ta3 , and ta4 shown in FIG. 5 have the same time length, and the time intervals tb1 and tb2 have the same time length.
  • the control frequency FC described above periodically decreases from the first frequency to the second frequency and then increases to the first frequency, which can be regarded as a password in the control frequency FB.
  • the renewable energy generation system 130 can know that the current microgrid system 100 is operating in the microgrid mode.
  • the renewable energy generation system 130 determines that the current microgrid system 100 is operating in the mains mode.
  • step S310 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 determines whether the output power POUT of the renewable energy is greater than the load power of the load 900B. If the output power POUT of the renewable energy is not greater than the load power of the load 900B, step S320 is executed. If the output power POUT of the renewable energy is greater than the load power of the load 900B, step S330 is executed.
  • step S320 when the renewable energy output power POUT is less than the load power of the load 900B, the renewable energy power generation system 130 and the energy storage system 110 are connected in parallel to supply power to the load 900B, so as to simultaneously output power to the load 900B, so as to supply power to the load 900B.
  • the renewable energy power generation system 130 outputs the renewable energy output power POUT to the load 900B, so as to supply power to the load 900B.
  • the renewable energy power generation system 130 provides load power to the load 900B while charging the energy storage battery 112 in the energy storage system 110 with charging power.
  • the charging power is the power at which the renewable energy output power POUT is greater than the load power of the load 900B. That is, the charging power is the renewable energy output power POUT minus the load power of the load 900B.
  • step S350 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 determines whether the renewable energy output power POUT is greater than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112. In other words, it determines whether the charging power of the energy storage battery 112 is greater than the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112.
  • step S360 is executed. If the output power POUT of the renewable energy source is not greater than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112, that is, the charging power is not greater than the charging power capacity, step S370 is executed.
  • step S360 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 increases the control frequency FC to reduce the renewable energy output power POUT output by the renewable energy power generation system 130 until the renewable energy output power POUT is equal to the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112 .
  • step S360 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 is further used to increase the control frequency FC to a point where the renewable energy output power POUT is slightly lower than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112, and then reduce the control frequency FC to a point where the renewable energy output power POUT is equal to the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112.
  • the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 gradually increases the control frequency FC from the frequency FB to the frequency F3.
  • the control frequency FC gradually increases from the frequency FB to the frequency F3, the renewable energy output power POUT gradually decreases from the power PB to the power P1.
  • the renewable energy output power POUT is P1.
  • the renewable energy output power POUT is slightly lower than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112. That is, at time point t9, the charging power is slightly less than the charging power capacity.
  • the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 gradually reduces the control frequency FC from frequency F3 to frequency F2.
  • the control frequency FC gradually decreases from frequency F3 to frequency F2
  • the renewable energy output power POUT gradually increases from power P1 to power P2.
  • the control frequency FC is frequency F2
  • the renewable energy output power POUT is power P2.
  • the renewable energy output power POUT is equal to the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112. That is, at time point t10, the charging power is equal to the charging power capacity.
  • the control frequency FC does not need to be adjusted up or down at this time, and the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 adjusts the control frequency FC again, so that the control frequency FC periodically decreases from frequency F2 to frequency F4, and then increases from frequency F4 to frequency F2. That is, the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 adjusts the control frequency FC again, so that the control frequency FC outputs the password to the renewable energy power generation system 130, so that the renewable energy power generation system 130 knows that the current microgrid system 100 is operating in the microgrid mode.
  • step S370 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 determines whether the renewable energy output power POUT is less than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112. In other words, it determines whether the charging power of the energy storage battery 112 is less than the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112.
  • step S330 If the output power POUT of the renewable energy source is not less than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112, that is, the charging power is not less than the charging power capacity, return to step S330.
  • the load power is output to the load 900B at the same time with the current output power POUT of the renewable energy source and the energy storage battery 112 is charged with the charging power.
  • the output power POUT of the renewable energy source is less than the sum of the load power of the load 900B and the charging power capacity of the energy storage battery 112, that is, the charging power is less than the charging power capacity, return to step S330.
  • step S390 the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 reduces the control frequency FC to the basic frequency FB, so that the renewable energy output power POUT output by the renewable energy power generation system 130 increases to the basic power PB.
  • the controller 117 of the energy storage system 110 gradually reduces the control frequency FC from the frequency F2 to the frequency FB, so that the output power POUT of the renewable energy gradually increases from the power P2 to the basic power PB.
  • the control frequency FC is the basic frequency FB, and the output power POUT of the renewable energy is the basic power PB.
  • the integration device 114 and the solar inverter device 134 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor (MCU), a server, or other devices with data access, data calculation, data Storage, data transmission and reception, or computing circuits or elements with similar functions may be used to execute the control method 200 .
  • CPU central processing unit
  • MCU microprocessor
  • server or other devices with data access, data calculation, data Storage, data transmission and reception, or computing circuits or elements with similar functions may be used to execute the control method 200 .
  • the integrated device 114 and the solar inverter device 134 may further include other components required for operation and application.
  • the integrated device 114 and the solar inverter device 134 may also include an output interface (for example, a display panel for displaying information), an input interface (for example, a touch panel, a keyboard, a scanner, or a flash memory reader) and an internal communication circuit (for example, a WiFi communication model, a Bluetooth communication model, a wireless telecommunications network communication model, etc.), a DC-to-DC converter, a switch, a switch driving circuit, a power detection circuit, a feedback circuit, a storage element, etc.
  • an output interface for example, a display panel for displaying information
  • an input interface for example, a touch panel, a keyboard, a scanner, or a flash memory reader
  • an internal communication circuit for example, a WiFi communication model, a Bluetooth communication model, a wireless telecommunications network communication model, etc.
  • DC-to-DC converter for example, a switch, a switch
  • the integrated device 114 further includes a battery management circuit for managing the state of the energy storage battery 112 and charging and discharging the energy storage battery 112 .
  • the disclosed embodiments provide a microgrid system, an energy storage system, and a control method, which controls the renewable energy output power POUT of the renewable energy power generation system 130 by changing the control frequency FC input to the renewable energy power generation system 130, so as to achieve power balance between the energy storage system 110, the renewable energy power generation system 130, and the load 900B.
  • the renewable energy power generation system 130 can know whether the microgrid 100 is currently operating in a microgrid mode or a mains mode without a communication connection with the energy storage system 110. In this way, the renewable energy power generation system 130 can operate in different island parameters, power boost parameters, P(F) parameters, etc. in the microgrid mode and the mains mode, respectively, and is more flexible in operation.
  • control method 200 there is no special order requirement unless otherwise specified.
  • these steps can also be executed simultaneously, or their execution time can at least partially overlap.

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Abstract

一种微电网系统、一种储能系统和一种控制方法被公开。微电网系统用于与市电系统连接,并用以于市电系统不供电时操作于微电网模式。微电网系统包含再生能源发电系统以及储能系统。当微电网系统操作于微电网模式时,储能系统用以输出包含控制频率的控制电压至再生能源发电系统,以使再生能源发电系统依据控制频率调整再生能源发电系统输出的再生能源输出功率。

Description

微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法 技术领域
本公开有关于一种微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法,特别涉及用于电力调度的一种微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法。
背景技术
目前,发电技术以电力公司为中央发电以集中式发电为主。然而,当电力公司的中央发电发生问题时,用户只能等待电力恢复且无电可使用。
许多技术被提出以解决上述问题,包含储能电池、或是通过太阳能发电机或其他再生能源辅助发电系统来辅助发电,以缓解上述问题。然而,储能电池会有电力耗尽的时候,因此,一种通过太阳能电池对储能电池进行充电的方式被提出。
但上述方法也有其问题。在储能电池与太阳能电池之间无法进行通信的情况下,如何控制太阳能电池的输出功率,以达到太阳能电池、储能电池与负载之间的平衡,为待解决的问题之一。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本公开提出一种微电网系统,用于与市电系统连接,并用以于市电系统不供电时操作于微电网模式。微电网系统包含再生能源发电系统以及储能系统。当微电网系统操作于微电网模式时,储能系统用以输出包含控制频率的控制电压至再生能源发电系统,以使再生能源发电系统依据控制频率调整再生能源发电系统输出的再生能源输出功率。
本公开还提出一种储能系统,与再生能源发电系统共同组成微电网系统,于市电系统不供电时,微电网系统操作于微电网模式。储能系统包含储能电池和统合装置。储能电池用以于微电网模式时输出直流电压。统合装置耦接于储能电池。统合装置包含直流交流转换器和控制器。直流交流转换器耦接于储能电池,用以将直流电压转换为控制电压,并将控制电压传送至再生能源发电系统。控制电压包含控制频率。控制器耦接于直流交流转换器。于微电网模式时,控制器用以调整控制频率,以使再生能源发电系统依据控制频率调整再生能源发电系统输出的再生能源输出功率。
本公开还提出一种控制方法,适用于微电网系统,用于与市电系统连结,并用以于市电系统不供电时操作于微电网模式。微电网系统包含储能系统与再生能源发电系统。控制方法包含以下步骤:由储能系统输出包含控制频率的控制电压至再生能源发电系统;以及 由再生能源发电系统依据控制频率调整再生能源发电系统输出的再生能源输出功率,以使微电网系统达到功率平衡。
应该理解的是,前述的一般性描述和下列具体说明仅仅是示例性和解释性的,并旨在提供所要求的本公开的进一步说明。
附图说明
为让本公开的上述和其他目的、特征、优点与实施例能更明显易懂,附图的说明如下:
图1是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种微电网系统的示意图;
图2是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制方法的流程图;
图3是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种图2中的其中一步骤的流程图;
图4是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制频率和再生能源输出功率的关系的示意图;以及
图5是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制频率和再生能源输出功率的关系示意图。
附图标记说明:
100:微电网系统
110:储能系统
112:储能电池
114:统合装置
115:直流交流转换器
117:控制器
130:再生能源发电系统
132:太阳能电池
134:太阳能逆变装置
B1,B2,B3:无熔丝开关
C1,C2,C3,C4:切换器(继电器)
VC:控制电压
FC:控制频率
POUT:再生能源输出功率
900A,900B:负载
800:市电系统
200:控制方法
S210,S230:步骤
S305,S310,S320,S330,S350,S360:步骤
S370,S390:步骤
Fbuffer:缓冲频率区间
FB:基本频率
PB:基本功率
P1,P2:功率
F1,F2,F3,F4:频率
t0,t1,t2,t3,t4,t5:时间点
t6,t7,t8,t9,t10,t11,t12:时间点
ta1,ta2,ta3,ta4:时间区间
tb1,tb2:时间区间
具体实施方式
下文是举实施例配合附图作详细说明,但所提供的实施例并非用以限制本公开所涵盖的范围,而结构运行的描述非用以限制其执行的顺序,任何由元件重新组合的结构,所产生具有均等技术效果的装置,皆为本公开所涵盖的范围。另外,附图仅以说明为目的,并未依照原尺寸作图。为使便于理解,下述说明中相同元件或相似元件将以相同的符号标示来说明。
请参照图1,图1是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种微电网系统100的示意图。在图1中,微电网系统100包含了储能系统110和再生能源发电系统130。
微电网系统100用以与市电系统800相连接。于部分实施例中,微电网系统100还包含切换器(继电器)C1至C4,用以与无熔丝开关B1至B3联合控制储能系统110、再生能源发电系统130和市电系统800之间的连接关系与供电关系。
当市电供电时,微电网系统100操作于市电模式。此时市电系统800是操作为电压源,而储能系统110和再生能源发电系统130是操作为电流源,并由市电系统800供电给负载900A,而负载900B是通过无熔丝开关B1、切换器(继电器)C1、切换器(继电器)C2、切换器(继电器)C3、无熔丝开关B3的路径由市电系统800供电。另一方面,当市电不供电时,微电网系统100操作于微电网模式,此时储能系统110是操作为电压源,而再生能源发电系统130是操作为电流源,并由储能系统110和再生能源发电系统130并联供电给特定附载900B。于一实施例中,当再生能源发电系统130的输出功率大于负载900B的负载功率时,再生能源发电系统130更用以于供电给特并负载900B的同时,对储能系统110进行充电。
于部分实施例中,负载900A为一般负载,而负载900B为特定负载。于一实施例中,特定负载可为在市电系统800不供电时须使用的紧急用电,例如紧急照明灯等。
关于图1中的微电网系统100的详细操作方式,将于以下参照图2详细说明。
请继续参照图1。于图1中,储能系统110包含储能电池112和统合装置114。储能电池112和统合装置114相耦接。再生能源发电系统130包含太阳能电池132和太阳能逆 变装置134。太阳能电池132和太阳能逆变装置134相耦接。
于部分实施例中,统合装置114包含直流交流转换器115和控制器117。直流交流转换器115和控制器117相耦接。直流交流转换器115并耦接于储能电池112,用以将储能电池112于微电网模式下所输出的直流电压转换为控制电压VC。控制器117用以调整控制电压VC所包含的控制频率FC,以使再生能源发电系统130依据控制频率FC调整再生能源发电系统130输出的再生能源输出功率POUT。
请参照图2。图2是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制方法200的流程图。控制方法200适用于由图1中的微电网系统100于微电网模式下执行。控制方法200包含步骤S210至S230。
于步骤S210中,由储能系统110输出包含控制频率FC的控制电压VC至再生能源发电系统130。
于步骤S230中,由再生能源发电系统130依据控制频率FC调整再生能源发电系统130输出的再生能源输出功率POUT。通过调整再生能源发电系统130输出的再生能源输出功率POUT,可使再生能源发电系统130、负载900B和储能系统110之间达到功率平衡。
请一并参照图3。图3是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种图2中的步骤S210的流程图。步骤S210包含步骤S305至步骤S390。以下将一并参照图1进行说明。
于步骤S305中,由储能系统110操作于微电网模式,并输出控制频率FC为基本频率FB的控制电压VC至再生能源发电系统130,以使再生能源发电系统130依据控制电压VC的基本频率FB输出再生能源输出功率POUT。
请一并参照图4。图4是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制频率FC和再生能源输出功率POUT的关系P(f)的示意图。如图4所绘式,基本频率FB是位于缓冲频率区间Fbuffer中的频率,当控制频率FC高于缓冲频率区间Fbuffer时,随着控制频率FC的上升,再生能源输出功率POUT逐渐下降。
需注意的是,如图4所示出的控制频率FC和再生能源输出功率POUT之间的关系为线性的,然而,本公开的实施方式不以此为限制。于其他一些实施例中,控制频率FC和再生能源输出功率POUT之间的关系可为阶梯式递减。
请回头参照图3。于步骤S305中,当控制频率FC是基本频率FB时,再生能源输出功率POUT为再生能源发电系统130能够输出的最大功率,即100%的功率。
请一并参阅图5。图5是根据本发明的一些实施例所示出的一种控制频率FC和再生能源输出功率POUT的关系示意图。如图5所示出,于时间点t0,控制频率FC为基本频率FB,此时再生能源输出功率POUT为基本功率PB。于一实施例中,上述基本功率PB对应至图4中所示出的100%的功率。
于部分实施例中,当微电网系统100是操作于微电网模式时,储能系统110的控制器117更用以调整控制频率FC以使控制频率FC周期性地由第一频率下降至第二频率,再 上升至第一频率。如图5所示出,于时间点t1,控制器117调整控制频率FC以使控制频率FC在时间区间ta1内由基本频率FB逐渐下降至频率F1,并于时间点t2达到频率F1。接着,于时间点t2,控制器117调整控制频率FC以使控制频率FC在时间区间ta2内由频率F1逐渐上升至基本频率FB,并于时间点t3达到频率基本FB。于时间点t3至时间点t4之间的时间区间tb1,控制频率FC维持在基本频率FB。接着,于时间点t4,控制器117调整控制频率FC以使控制频率FC在时间区间ta3内逐渐下降至频率F1,并于时间点t5达到频率F1。接着,于时间点t5,控制器117调整控制频率FC以使控制频率FC在时间区间ta4内由频率F1逐渐上升至频率FB,并于时间点t6达到频率FB。
于一实施例中,图5中所示出的时间区间ta1、ta2、ta3、ta4的时间长度相同,时间区间tb1、tb2的时间长度相同。
如上所述的控制频率FC周期性地由第一频率下降至第二频率,再上升至第一频率可视为控制频率FB中的密码,通过上述密码,可使再生能源发电系统130得知目前微电网系统100是操作于微电网模式。而当再生能源发电系统130于一时间长度内未接收到如上所述的密码时,再生能源发电系统130判定目前微电网系统100是操作于市电模式。
于步骤S310中,由储能系统110的控制器117判断再生能源输出功率POUT是否大于负载900B的负载功率。若是再生能源输出功率POUT不大于负载900B的负载功率,执行步骤S320。若是再生能源输出功率POUT大于负载900B的负载功率,执行步骤S330。
于步骤S320中,于再生能源输出功率POUT小于负载900B的负载功率时,由再生能源发电系统130和储能系统110并联供电,以同时输出功率至负载900B,以供电给负载900B。于再生能源输出功率POUT等于负载900B的负载功率时,由再生能源发电系统130输出再生能源输出功率POUT至负载900B,以供电给负载900B。
于步骤S330中,由再生能源发电系统130于对负载900B提供负载功率的同时,对储能系统110中的储能电池112以充电功率进行充电。于部分实施例中,充电功率是再生能源输出功率POUT大于负载900B的负载功率的功率。即再生能源输出功率POUT扣掉负载900B的负载功率即为充电功率。
于步骤S350中,由储能系统110的控制器117判断再生能源输出功率POUT是否大于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。即,判断储能电池112的充电功率是否大于储能电池112的充电功率能力。
若再生能源输出功率POUT大于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和,也就是充电功率大于充电功率能力时,执行步骤S360。若再生能源输出功率POUT不大于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和,也就是充电功率不大于充电功率能力时,执行步骤S370。
于步骤S360中,由储能系统110的控制器117将控制频率FC调升,使再生能源发电系统130所输出的再生能源输出功率POUT下降,直到再生能源输出功率POUT等于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。
于部分实施例中,在步骤S360中,储能系统110的控制器117更用以将控制频率FC调升至再生能源输出功率POUT略低于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和,再将控制频率FC调降至再生能源输出功率POUT等于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。
请一并参阅图5。于时间点t8,储能系统110的控制器117将控制频率FC逐渐由频率FB调升至频率F3。随着控制频率FC逐渐由频率FB升高至频率F3,再生能源输出功率POUT逐渐由功率PB下降至功率P1。
于时间点t9,再生能源输出功率POUT为P1,此时再生能源输出功率POUT略低于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。即,于时间点t9,充电功率略小于充电功率能力。此时,储能系统110的控制器117再将控制频率FC逐渐由频率F3调降至频率F2。随着控制频率FC逐渐由频率F3下降至频率F2,再生能源输出功率POUT逐渐由功率P1上升至功率P2。于时间点t10,控制频率FC为频率F2,再生能源输出功率POUT为功率P2。此时,再生能源输出功率POUT等于于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。即,于时间点t10,充电功率等于充电功率能力。
如图5所绘式,于时间点t10后,由于充电功率等于充电功率能力,此时控制频率FC无须被调升或调降,储能系统110的控制器117再次调整控制频率FC,以使控制频率FC周期性地由频率F2下降至频率F4,再由频率F4上升至频率F2。即,储能系统110的控制器117再次调整控制频率FC,使控制频率FC输出密码至再生能源发电系统130,以使再生能源发电系统130得知目前微电网系统100是操作于微电网模式。
于步骤S370中,由储能系统110的控制器117判断再生能源输出功率POUT是否小于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和。即,判断储能电池112的充电功率是否小于储能电池112的充电功率能力。
若再生能源输出功率POUT不小于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和,也就是充电功率不小于充电功率能力时,回到步骤S330。以目前的再生能源输出功率POUT同时输出负载功率至负载900B并以充电功率对储能电池112进行充电。另一方面,若再生能源输出功率POUT小于负载900B的负载功率加上储能电池112的充电功率能力的和,也就是充电功率小于充电功率能力时,回到步骤S330。
于步骤S390中,由储能系统110的控制器117将控制频率FC调降至基本频率FB,使再生能源发电系统130所输出的再生能源输出功率POUT上升至基本功率PB。
请一并参阅图5。于时间点t11,储能系统110的控制器117将控制频率FC逐渐由频率F2调降至频率FB,以使再生能源输出功率POUT逐渐由功率P2上升至基本功率PB。于时间点t12,控制频率FC为基本频率FB,而再生能源输出功率POUT为基本功率PB。于步骤S390后,回到步骤S310。
于部分实施例中,统合装置114和太阳能逆变装置134可以包含中央处理单元(central processor unit,CPU)、微处理器(MCU)、伺服器或其他具有数据存取、数据计算、数据 存储、数据传送与接收、或类似功能的运算电路或元件,并可用以执行控制方法200。
于部分实施例中,统合装置114和太阳能逆变装置134可以进一步包括操作以及应用中所需的其他元件,举例来说,统合装置114和太阳能逆变装置134可还包括输出界面(例如,用于显示资讯的显示面板)、输入界面(例如,触控面板、键盘、扫描器或快闪存储器读取器)以及内部通信电路(例如,WiFi通信模型、蓝牙通信模型、无线电信网络通信模型等)、直流对直流转换器、切换器(开关)、切换器驱动电路等、功率检测电路、反馈电路、存储元件等。
于部分实施例中,统合装置114还包含电池管理电路,用以管理储能电池112的状态并对储能电池112进行充放电。
综上所述,本公开实施例提供微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法,通过输入至再生能源发电系统130的控制频率FC的改变进而控制再生能源发电系统130的再生能源输出功率POUT,以达到储能系统110、再生能源发电系统130和负载900B之间的功率平衡。此外,通过在控制频率FC中设置密码,可使再生能源发电系统130在没有和储能系统110之间通信连接的情况下,得知目前微电网100是操作于微电网模式或是市电模式。如此,再生能源发电系统130可以在微电网模式和市电模式之下分别操作于不同的孤岛参数、功率提升参数、P(F)参数等,于操作上更具有弹性。
另外,需要说明的是,在上述控制方法200的步骤中,如无特殊说明,并无特别的顺序要求。此外,这些步骤也可以同时执行,或者其执行时间可以至少部分重叠。
关于本文中所使用的用词,除有特别注明外,通常具有每个用词使用在此领域中、在此公开的内容中与特殊内容中的平常意义。某些用以描述本公开的用词将在此说明书的别处讨论,以提供本领域技术人员在有关本公开的描述上额外的引导。
虽然本公开的特定实施例已经公开有关上述实施例,此些实施例不意欲限制本公开。各种替代及改良可通过相关领域中的一般技术人员在本公开中执行而没有从本公开的原理及构思背离。因此,本公开的保护范围由所附权利要求确定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种微电网系统,用于与一市电系统连接,并用以于该市电系统不供电时操作于一微电网模式,其中该微电网系统包含:
    一再生能源发电系统;以及
    一储能系统,其中当该微电网系统操作于该微电网模式时,该储能系统用以输出包含一控制频率的一控制电压至该再生能源发电系统,以使该再生能源发电系统依据该控制频率调整该再生能源发电系统输出的一再生能源输出功率。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的微电网系统,其中当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,由该再生能源发电系统对该储能系统的一储能电池以一充电功率进行充电,其中该充电功率为该再生能源输出功率与该负载功率之间的差值。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的微电网系统,其中当该充电功率大于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,该储能系统将该控制频率由一第一频率调升至一第二频率,使该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率由一第一功率下降至一第二功率,以使该再生能源输出功率等于该充电功率加上该负载功率。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的微电网系统,其中当该充电功率大于该储能电池的该充电功率能力时,该储能系统更用以将控制频率由该第一频率调升至一第三频率,直到该再生能源输出功率小于该充电功率能力加上该负载功率,再将该控制频率由该第三频率调降至该第二频率。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的微电网系统,其中当该充电功率小于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,该储能系统更用以将该控制频率调降至一基本频率。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的微电网系统,其中当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,该储能系统更用以与该再生能源发电系统并联供电。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的微电网系统,其中该储能系统更用以使该控制频率周期性地由一第一频率下降至一第二频率,再由该第二频率上升至该第一频率,以使该再生能源发电系统得知目前是操作于该微电网模式。
  8. 一种储能系统,与一再生能源发电系统共同组成一微电网系统,其中于一市电系统不供电时,该微电网系统操作于一微电网模式,其中该储能系统包含:
    一储能电池,用以于该微电网模式时输出一直流电压;以及
    一统合装置,耦接于该储能电池,包含:
    一直流交流转换器,耦接于该储能电池,用以将该直流电压转换为一控制电压,并将该控制电压传送至该再生能源发电系统,其中该控制电压包含一控制频率;以及
    一控制器,耦接于该直流交流转换器,其中于该微电网模式时,该控制器用以调整该控制频率,以使该再生能源发电系统依据该控制频率调整该再生能源发电系统输 出的一再生能源输出功率。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的储能系统,其中当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,该再生能源发电系统对该储能系统的一储能电池以一充电功率进行充电,其中该充电功率为该再生能源输出功率与该负载功率之间的差值,并于该充电功率大于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,该控制器更用以将该控制频率由一第一频率调升至一第二频率,使该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率由一第一功率下降至一第二功率,以使该再生能源输出功率等于该充电功率加上该负载功率。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的储能系统,其中当该充电功率大于该储能电池的该充电功率能力时,该控制器更用以将控制频率由该第一频率调升至一第三频率,直到该再生能源输出功率小于该充电功率能力加上该负载功率,再将该控制频率由该第三频率调降至该第二频率。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的储能系统,其中当该充电功率小于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,该控制器更用以将该控制频率调降至一基本频率。
  12. 如权利要求8所述的储能系统,其中当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,该控制器更用以与该再生能源发电系统并联供电。
  13. 如权利要求8所述的储能系统,其中该控制器更用以使该控制频率周期性地由一第一频率下降至一第二频率,再由该第二频率上升至该第一频率,以使该再生能源发电系统得知目前是操作于该微电网模式。
  14. 一种控制方法,适用于一微电网系统,用于与一市电系统连结,并用以于该市电系统不供电时操作于一微电网模式,其中该微电网系统包含一储能系统与一再生能源发电系统,其中控制方法包含:
    由该储能系统输出包含一控制频率的一控制电压至该再生能源发电系统;以及
    由该再生能源发电系统依据该控制频率调整该再生能源发电系统输出的一再生能源输出功率,以使该微电网系统达到功率平衡。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的控制方法,还包含:
    当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,由该再生能源发电系统对该储能系统的一储能电池以一充电功率进行充电;
    其中该充电功率为该再生能源输出功率与该负载功率之间的差值。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的控制方法,还包含:
    当该充电功率大于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,由该储能系统将该控制频率由一第一频率调升至一第二频率;
    由该再生能源发电系统依据该控制频率,调整该再生能源输出功率由一第一功率下降至一第二功率,以使该再生能源输出功率等于该充电功率加上该负载功率。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的控制方法,还包含:
    当该充电功率大于该储能电池的该充电功率能力时,由该储能系统将控制频率由该 第一频率调升至一第三频率,直到该再生能源输出功率小于该充电功率能力加上该负载功率,再将该控制频率由该第三频率调降至该第二频率。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的控制方法,还包含:
    当该充电功率小于该储能电池的一充电功率能力时,由该储能系统将该控制频率调降至一基本频率。
  19. 如权利要求14所述的控制方法,还包含:
    当该再生能源发电系统所输出的该再生能源输出功率大于一负载功率时,由该储能系统与该再生能源发电系统并联供电。
  20. 权利要求14所述的控制方法,还包含:
    由该储能系统调整该控制频率,使该控制频率周期性地由一第一频率下降至一第二频率,再由该第二频率上升至该第一频率,以使该再生能源发电系统得知目前是操作于该微电网模式。
PCT/CN2023/113094 2023-08-15 2023-08-15 微电网系统、储能系统及控制方法 Pending WO2025035383A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170179723A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 National Chung Shan Institute Of Science And Technology Clustered energy-storing micro-grid system
CN110212580A (zh) * 2019-06-18 2019-09-06 深圳市尚科新能源有限公司 一种适用于太阳能储能发电系统的孤岛控制方法及系统
CN111817318A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-10-23 湖南高创新能源有限公司 一种储能式微电网和储能式微电网系统
CN113013914A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-22 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 风光柴储型孤岛微电网控制方法及系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170179723A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 National Chung Shan Institute Of Science And Technology Clustered energy-storing micro-grid system
CN110212580A (zh) * 2019-06-18 2019-09-06 深圳市尚科新能源有限公司 一种适用于太阳能储能发电系统的孤岛控制方法及系统
CN113013914A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-22 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 风光柴储型孤岛微电网控制方法及系统
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