WO2025015459A1 - 基于ntn的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 - Google Patents

基于ntn的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025015459A1
WO2025015459A1 PCT/CN2023/107512 CN2023107512W WO2025015459A1 WO 2025015459 A1 WO2025015459 A1 WO 2025015459A1 CN 2023107512 W CN2023107512 W CN 2023107512W WO 2025015459 A1 WO2025015459 A1 WO 2025015459A1
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Prior art keywords
ntn
frequency
coverage
target
uplink
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邢金强
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Priority to CN202380100286.8A priority Critical patent/CN121532975A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/107512 priority patent/WO2025015459A1/zh
Publication of WO2025015459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025015459A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of satellite communications, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, equipment, medium and program product based on a non-terrestrial network (NTN).
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • the satellite communication system is a typical working scenario.
  • the satellite By forwarding the signal of the ground base station, the satellite enables the terminal equipment in the area that cannot be covered by the ground base station to communicate with the satellite, thereby expanding the communication range.
  • the frequency bands used for satellite communications are specially allocated and cannot be used for terrestrial network (TN) communication systems.
  • TN terrestrial network
  • the TN communication system occupies a large number of frequency bands, resulting in fewer frequency bands that can be used for satellite communications.
  • the present application provides a communication method, apparatus, device, medium and program product based on NTN, and the technical solution at least includes:
  • a communication method based on NTN is provided, the method being executed by a terminal device, the method comprising:
  • a communication method based on NTN is provided, the method being executed by an NTN satellite, the method comprising:
  • a terminal side communication device comprising:
  • the transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • a network side communication device comprising:
  • the transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • a terminal device comprising:
  • transceiver coupled to the processor
  • a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor
  • the processor is configured to load and execute executable instructions to implement the NTN-based communication method according to the above aspects.
  • a NTN satellite is provided, and the NTN satellite includes:
  • transceiver coupled to the processor
  • a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor
  • the processor is configured to load and execute executable instructions to implement the NTN-based communication method according to the above aspects.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which at least one program is stored.
  • the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the NTN-based communication method as described in the above aspects.
  • a computer program product or a computer program is provided, wherein the computer program product or the computer program includes computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, a processor obtains the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to implement the NTN-based communication method as described in the above aspects.
  • NTN By sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, NTN reuses the working frequency band of TN, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving the communication capabilities of NTN.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG6 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG7 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing a time window configuration provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG11 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG14 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG15 shows a block diagram of a terminal side communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 shows a block diagram of a network-side communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device or an NTN satellite provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information.
  • word "if” as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of” or "when” or "in response to determining”.
  • NTN technology provides communication services to ground users through NTN satellites (or drones) instead of ground base stations.
  • NTN communication systems include at least one of the following: satellite communication systems, high-altitude platform communication systems (such as aircraft-based communication systems, hot air balloon-based communication systems). Among these systems, satellite communication systems are a typical working scenario.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication system 100 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • the satellite communication system 100 includes: a terminal device 110, a satellite 120, a gateway 130, a ground base station 140, and a core network 150.
  • the satellite 120 and the ground base station 140 establish an air interface link through the gateway 130, and the satellite 120 can forward the signal of the ground base station 140 to supplement the area where the signal of the ground base station 140 cannot cover.
  • the terminal device 110 can communicate with the corresponding satellite 120, especially for remote areas, deserts, mountains, oceans and other areas where the signal of the ground base station 140 cannot cover, the satellite 120 can achieve effective coverage.
  • the NTN satellite is referred to as a satellite
  • the satellite 120 is the NTN satellite 120.
  • the terminal device 110 involved in the embodiments of the present application may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of UE, mobile station (MS), terminal device (terminal device), Internet of Things devices, etc.
  • the terminal device 110 may be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a television, a game console, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal and a mixed reality (MR) terminal, a wearable device, a handle, an electronic tag and a controller.
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • terminal devices 110 the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices 110.
  • UE is used in some places to represent terminal devices, and the network device may be a base station or a satellite.
  • a ground base station 140 is a device used to provide wireless communication functions for a terminal device 110.
  • the ground base station 140 may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and the like.
  • the names of devices with base station functions may be different.
  • 5G NR fifth generation new radio
  • next generation Node B Next Generation Node B
  • the name "base station” may change.
  • base stations the above-mentioned devices that provide wireless communication functions for the terminal device 110 are collectively referred to as base stations.
  • the terms "network” and “system” are often used interchangeably, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, the 5G system, the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system or other communication systems, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the satellite communication system 100 has different characteristics from the ground communication system due to the mobile characteristics of the satellite 120.
  • the high-speed movement of the satellite 120 makes the cell move at high speed, and the mobility of the terminal device 110 is relatively small.
  • the communication distance between the terminal device 110 and the satellite 120 is much larger than the communication distance between the terminal device 110 and the ground base station 140, which requires a higher transmission power of the terminal device 110.
  • the satellite 120 also has a larger antenna array and a higher receiver sensitivity, and has a stronger reception and demodulation capability for weak signals.
  • the spectrum used for satellite communications is specially allocated and cannot be used for terrestrial network communications.
  • the spectrum used for terrestrial network communications cannot be used for satellite communications to avoid mutual interference and impact.
  • Satellite communication scenarios include at least one of the following:
  • NTN coverage is outside TN coverage
  • FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • an area 201 corresponding to the NTN coverage provided by the satellite 120 is outside an area 202 corresponding to the TN coverage provided by the ground base station 140, for example, the area 201 is located on the sea or in the desert.
  • NTN and TN use the same frequency f to transmit signals, wherein the first terminal device 210 located in the area 201 sends or receives signals with the satellite 120, which will not affect the TN.
  • the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area, and the first terminal device is located outside the TN coverage area;
  • FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the area 301 corresponding to the NTN coverage provided by the satellite 120 overlaps with the area 302 corresponding to the TN coverage provided by the ground base station 140, and the first terminal device 210 is located outside the area 302 and inside the area 301.
  • the area 301 is usually much larger than the area 302, and one area 301 may overlap with many areas 302.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes one area 302 as an example for explanation.
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the ground base station 140 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the satellite 120 from the first terminal device 210;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the second terminal device 220 from the ground base station 140 .
  • the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area, and the first terminal device is located within the TN coverage area;
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication scenario provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • area 401 corresponding to the NTN coverage provided by satellite 120 overlaps with area 402 corresponding to the TN coverage provided by ground base station 140, and first terminal device 210 is located in area 402.
  • area 401 is usually much larger than area 402, and one area 401 may overlap with many areas 402.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes one area 402 as an example for explanation.
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the first terminal device 210 to the satellite 120 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the ground base station 140 from the second terminal device 220;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the ground base station 140 to the second terminal device 220 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the first terminal device 210 from the satellite 120;
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the ground base station 140 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the satellite 120 from the first terminal device 210;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the second terminal device 220 from the ground base station 140.
  • the communication distance between terminal equipment and satellite is farther than that of ground communication, and the requirements for sending and receiving communication signals are higher.
  • the lower the frequency the smaller the spatial propagation loss; the higher the frequency, the greater the spatial propagation loss. Therefore, low-frequency signals have stronger network coverage capabilities and lower losses. Therefore, there are a large number of TN communication systems in the current low-frequency band, which makes it difficult to have more frequency bands for NTN to use.
  • the most valuable scenario for NTN is in places such as deep mountains, deserts, and oceans where TN cannot cover. For these places, we can consider how to reuse the TN spectrum for satellite communication.
  • the terminal equipment that supports TN actually has the ability to send and receive signals on these TN spectra, if NTN can share the current TN spectrum, then the terminal equipment can support communication with NTN without hardware changes.
  • FIG5 shows a flow chart of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is performed by a terminal device 110 and an NTN satellite 120.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 510 The NTN satellite 120 broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency.
  • the target downlink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines that the target downlink frequency of the TN can be reused, the NTN satellite 120 broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell on the frequency, so that the terminal device 110 can read the system information and access the NTN.
  • step 510 may be omitted and step 520 may be performed.
  • Step 520 NTN satellite 120 sends an uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency.
  • the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, which is used to send an uplink signal and belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the terminal device 110 when the NTN satellite 120 can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device 110 cannot read the system information broadcast by the NTN satellite 120. At this time, the NTN satellite 120 configures the target uplink frequency to the terminal device 110 through the satellite system dedicated frequency, and the terminal device 110 sends an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • step 520 may be omitted, and step 530 is performed after step 510 is performed.
  • Step 530 The terminal device 110 sends first indication information.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal device is within the TN coverage of the target frequency, or the first indication information is used to indicate whether there is TN coverage of the target frequency at the location of the terminal device.
  • the content of the first indication information may be: within the TN coverage of the target frequency, outside the TN coverage of the target frequency; or may be: with TN coverage of the target frequency, without TN coverage of the target frequency, etc.
  • the first indication information is referred to as: at least one of: TN coverage indication of the target frequency, TN coverage indication, and TN coverage area indication of the target frequency.
  • TN coverage indication of the target frequency TN coverage indication
  • TN coverage area indication of the target frequency TN coverage indication of the target frequency
  • the terminal device 110 determines the TN coverage of the location of the terminal device 110 by measuring the downlink signal strength of the TN base station, thereby sending the first indication information, for example, using at least one of the signal strength indication (Signal Strength Indicator, SSI), received signal strength indication (Received Signal Strength Indicator, RSSI), reference signal received power (Reference Signal Received Power, RSRP), reference signal received quality (Reference Signal Received Quality, RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, SINR), and received signal code power (Received Signal Code Power, RSCP) for judgment.
  • the signal strength indication Signal Strength Indicator, SSI
  • received signal strength indication Receiveived Signal Strength Indicator, RSSI
  • reference signal received power Reference Signal Received Power, RSRP
  • reference signal received quality Reference Signal Received Quality, RSRQ
  • SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
  • SINR Signal Code Power
  • the location of the terminal device 110 When the measured signal strength is higher than or equal to the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal device 110 has TN coverage; when the measured signal strength is lower than the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal device 110 has no TN coverage.
  • the first threshold value is -100 dBm
  • the measured RSSI is -50 dBm but higher than -100 dBm
  • the measured RSSI is -120 dBm but lower than -100 dBm
  • there is no TN coverage at the location of the terminal device 110 when the measured RSSI is -120 dBm but lower than -100 dBm, it is considered that there is no TN coverage at the location of the terminal device 110.
  • the terminal device 110 sends the current geographical location of the terminal device 110 while sending the first indication information.
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines the TN coverage of each terminal device 110 within the NTN coverage by receiving the first indication information and the current geographical location sent by more terminal devices 110, for example, determining that the terminal device 110 does not have TN coverage through the first indication information, and determining that the terminal device 110 is in the geographical location shown in FIG. 2 through the current geographical location.
  • Step 540 The NTN satellite 120 determines the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage by receiving the first indication information.
  • the first indication information indicates that there is TN coverage at the location of the terminal device 110, and the NTN satellite 120 determines that the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage.
  • the NTN satellite 120 receives the first indication information sent by multiple terminal devices 110 to make a comprehensive judgment, thereby determining the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage through the received first indication information and the current geographical location of the terminal device 110.
  • the first indication information indicates that there is no TN coverage at the location of the terminal device 110
  • the current geographical location of the terminal device 110 indicates that the terminal device 110 is at the geographical location shown in FIG3
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines that the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage, and the terminal device 110 is outside the TN coverage.
  • Step 550 The NTN satellite 120 transmits an NTN signal in the TN spectrum.
  • NTN satellite 120 receives NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted at a target frequency, and the target frequency falls within the TN spectrum range.
  • the NTN satellite 120 transmits the NTN signal at a target frequency within the TN spectrum by reusing the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of the NTN satellite 120 and solving the problem of a limited number of frequency bands available to the NTN.
  • the target frequency includes:
  • Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency are examples of Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency when the terminal device 110 is outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the target frequency includes a target uplink frequency.
  • the NTN satellite 120 only reuses the target uplink frequency for uplink transmission with the terminal device 110, and other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission, thereby avoiding interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the terminal device 110 with other terminal devices within the TN coverage.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted via a first beam; or,
  • the NTN signal is transmitted through at least one second beam, and the coverage of the second beam is smaller than the coverage of the first beam.
  • NTN will use a wide beam (first beam) to cover and transmit NTN signals.
  • first beam the coverage of a wide beam will overlap with many TN coverages, making it difficult for NTN to directly reuse the uplink and downlink frequencies of TN. Therefore, at least one narrow beam (second beam) can be used to transmit NTN signals to reduce the possibility of NTN coverage overlapping with TN coverage.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window
  • the first time window is independent of the second time window.
  • the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the second time window is used to transmit the TN signal.
  • TDM time-division multiplexing
  • the first time window includes at least one of the following time windows:
  • the time window configured in the uplink frequency
  • the time window configured in the downstream frequency.
  • the first time window may be configured only in the uplink frequency, may be configured only in the downlink frequency, or may be configured in both the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency.
  • the first time window is called an NTN multiplexing window, a multiplexing window, an NTN window, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this and the first time window is used as an example for explanation.
  • the time windows configured in the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency are the same; or,
  • the time windows configured in the upstream frequency and the downstream frequency are different.
  • the time window may be configured by the TN base station or may be predefined.
  • the time window may be periodically configured, and the configuration parameters include parameters such as window length and window period.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the time domain unit includes at least one of the following: a time slot, a system frame, a subframe group, a subframe, a time slot group, a time slot, a symbol group, and a symbol.
  • a time slot a time slot
  • system frame a subframe group
  • subframe a subframe
  • time slot group a time slot
  • symbol group a time slot
  • symbol a symbol group
  • the time domain unit when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the time domain unit includes an uplink time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency, such as an uplink time slot corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the NTN satellite 120 only reuses the uplink time slot to perform uplink transmission with the terminal device 110, and the downlink transmission can use other frequencies or other time slots, thereby avoiding interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the terminal device 110 to other terminal devices within the TN coverage area.
  • the terminal device 110 sends an uplink signal using uplink resources in a resource pool of a target frequency
  • the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency are used to send an uplink signal.
  • the terminal device 110 When the terminal device 110 is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and does not detect the broadcast system information of the NTN satellite 120, it will use the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency to send uplink signals during the time when the NTN satellite 120 passes the location of the terminal device 110.
  • the method provided in this embodiment sends or receives NTN signals in the TN spectrum through terminal equipment or NTN satellite, realizes NTN multiplexing of the working frequency band of TN, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the small number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving the communication capability of NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell through the NTN satellite using the target downlink frequency, so that the terminal device can read the system information and access the NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also sends an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency through the NTN satellite, where the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, so that when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device can send an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also enables the terminal device to send an uplink signal when the system information of the NTN cell is not detected by the terminal device using the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also sends the first indication information through the terminal device to help the NTN satellite determine the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area, thereby reducing the workload of the NTN satellite.
  • FIG6 shows a flow chart of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is performed by a terminal device 110 and an NTN satellite 120.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 610 The NTN satellite 120 broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency.
  • step 610 may be omitted and step 620 may be performed.
  • step 610 and step 510 are the same, and the specific implementation details of step 510 are referred to, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 620 NTN satellite 120 sends an uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency.
  • step 620 may be omitted, and step 630 is performed after step 610 is performed.
  • step 620 and step 520 are the same. Please refer to step 520 for specific implementation details, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 630 The NTN satellite 120 measures energy information on the target frequency within the NTN coverage area.
  • the energy information is used to indicate whether the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN satellite 120 measures energy information on the target frequency within the NTN coverage (usually the coverage of the first beam). When the measured energy information is higher than a second threshold value, it is considered that a TN exists within the NTN coverage.
  • At least one of SSI, RSSI, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and RSCP is used to represent energy information.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner of representing energy information, and SNR is used as an example for illustration. For example, when the second threshold value is 20 decibels, the measured energy information is 25 decibels, which is higher than the second threshold value, and it is considered that there is a TN within the coverage range.
  • Step 640 The NTN satellite 120 determines the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN satellite 120 determines the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage by measuring energy information. When the measured energy information is higher than the second threshold value, it is considered that there is a TN in the NTN coverage, that is, the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a first time window on the target frequency.
  • the first time window there may be multiple NTN satellites 120 competing for the right to use the target frequency.
  • the energy information measured by an NTN satellite 120 is higher than the third threshold value, it indicates that other NTN satellites 120 occupy the target frequency, and the third threshold value is equal to the second threshold value, or is not equal to the second threshold value.
  • the energy information in the first time window can be measured again after a period of time, or the energy information in other time windows can be measured.
  • the NTN satellite 120 can use the target frequency to transmit the NTN signal, and the fourth threshold value is equal to the third threshold value, or is not equal to the third threshold value.
  • Step 650 The NTN satellite 120 transmits an NTN signal in the TN spectrum.
  • step 650 and step 550 are the same. Please refer to step 550 for specific implementation details, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method provided in this embodiment sends or receives NTN signals in the TN spectrum through terminal equipment or NTN satellite, realizes NTN multiplexing of the working frequency band of TN, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the small number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving the communication capability of NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell through the NTN satellite using the target downlink frequency, so that the terminal device can read the system information and access the NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also sends an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency through the NTN satellite, where the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, so that when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device can send an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also measures the energy information on the target frequency within the NTN coverage area through the NTN satellite, and autonomously determines the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area, thereby reducing the workload of the terminal device and reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • FIG7 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method is executed by a terminal device, and the method includes:
  • Step 710 Send or receive an NTN signal in the TN spectrum.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted at a target frequency, and the target frequency falls within the TN spectrum range.
  • the TN spectrum represents a frequency distribution curve in the TN
  • the NTN signal represents a signal that can be transmitted in the NTN.
  • NTN satellites reuse the TN spectrum to transmit NTN signals to terminal devices at target frequencies within the TN spectrum range, increasing the use scenarios of NTN satellites and solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use.
  • the target frequency includes:
  • Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency are examples of Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency includes a target uplink frequency or a target downlink frequency
  • the target frequency in a frequency division duplex (FDD) scenario, includes a target uplink frequency or a target downlink frequency.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the target frequency when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the target frequency includes the target uplink frequency.
  • the NTN satellite 120 only reuses the target uplink frequency f UL to perform uplink transmission with the first terminal device 210, and other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission.
  • the ground base station 140 and the second terminal device 220 use the frequency f UL&DL to transmit signals.
  • the target uplink frequency f UL the interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 to the second terminal device 220 within the TN coverage is avoided.
  • the first terminal device 210 will adopt some uplink enhancement methods, such as repeated transmission to increase its signal-to-noise ratio, the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the ground base station 140 is relatively weak for the NTN satellite 120. Therefore, the interference of the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the NTN satellite 120 is not further considered, and it is believed that the interference is within a controllable range.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window
  • the first time window is independent of the second time window.
  • the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the second time window is used to transmit the TN signal.
  • TDM Since NTN and TN use the same target frequency, which may cause co-channel interference, TDM is used, wherein the first time window for transmitting the NTN signal is independent of the second time window for transmitting the TN signal.
  • the first time window includes at least one of the following time windows:
  • the time window configured in the uplink frequency
  • the time window configured in the downstream frequency.
  • the first time window may be configured only in the uplink frequency, may be configured only in the downlink frequency, or may be configured in both the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency.
  • the first time window is called an NTN multiplexing window, a multiplexing window, an NTN window, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this and the first time window is used as an example for explanation.
  • the time windows configured in the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency are the same; or,
  • the time windows configured in the upstream frequency and the downstream frequency are different.
  • the time window may be configured by the TN base station or may be predefined.
  • the time window may be periodically configured, and the configuration parameters include parameters such as window length and window period.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a time window configuration provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, where the window length of the first time window 910 for transmitting the NTN signal at the target frequency is T1, the window length of the second time window 920 for transmitting the TN signal is T2, and the window period between the first first time window 910 and the second first time window 910 is T.
  • the window length of the first time window 910 for transmitting the NTN signal is T1, and the remaining time is used for transmitting the TN signal.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the time domain unit includes at least one of the following: a time slot, a system frame, a subframe group, a subframe, a time slot group, a time slot, a symbol group, and a symbol.
  • a time slot a time slot
  • system frame a subframe group
  • subframe a subframe
  • time slot group a time slot
  • symbol group a time slot
  • symbol a symbol group
  • the time domain unit when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage area and the TN coverage area overlaps with the NTN coverage area, the time domain unit includes an uplink time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the NTN satellite only reuses the uplink time slot for uplink transmission with the terminal device, and the downlink transmission can use other frequencies or other time slots, thereby avoiding the interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite to the terminal device to other terminal devices within the TN coverage area.
  • the terminal device uses the target uplink frequency for uplink transmission and uses the first time window configured in the downlink frequency for downlink transmission.
  • the terminal device sends an uplink signal using uplink resources in a resource pool of a target frequency
  • the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency are used to send an uplink signal.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and does not detect the NTN satellite broadcasting system information, it will use the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency to send uplink signals during the time when the NTN satellite passes by the location of the terminal device.
  • the method provided in this embodiment implements NTN multiplexing of TN's working frequency band by sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving NTN communication capabilities.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also uses the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency, so that the terminal device can send an uplink signal when the system information of the NTN cell is not detected.
  • FIG10 shows a flow chart of a communication method based on NTN provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method is executed by a terminal device, and the method includes:
  • Step 701 Receive system information of an NTN cell broadcasted using a target downlink frequency.
  • the target downlink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the NTN satellite determines that the target downlink frequency of the TN can be reused
  • the NTN satellite broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell on the frequency for the terminal device to read the system information and access the NTN, and the terminal device receives the system information.
  • step 701 may be omitted and step 702 may be performed.
  • Step 702 Receive uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency.
  • the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, which is used to send an uplink signal and belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the terminal device when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device cannot read the system information broadcast by the NTN satellite. At this time, the NTN satellite configures the target uplink frequency to the terminal device through the satellite system dedicated frequency, and the terminal device 110 sends an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • step 702 may be omitted, and step 705 is performed after step 701 is performed.
  • Step 705 Send first indication information.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal device is within the TN coverage of the target frequency, or the first indication information is used to indicate whether the TN coverage of the target frequency exists at the location of the terminal device.
  • the content of the first indication information may be: within the TN coverage of the target frequency, outside the TN coverage of the target frequency; or may be: with TN coverage of the target frequency, without TN coverage of the target frequency, etc.
  • the first indication information is referred to as: at least one of: TN coverage indication of the target frequency, TN coverage indication, and TN coverage area indication of the target frequency.
  • TN coverage indication of the target frequency TN coverage indication
  • TN coverage area indication of the target frequency TN coverage indication of the target frequency
  • the terminal device determines the TN coverage of the terminal device's location by measuring the downlink signal strength of the TN base station, and thus sends the first indication information, for example, using at least one of SSI, RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and RSCP for judgment.
  • the measured signal strength is higher than or equal to the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal device is covered by TN; when the measured signal strength is lower than the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal device is not covered by TN.
  • the first threshold value is -100 dBm
  • the measured RSSI is -50 dBm but higher than -100 dBm
  • the measured RSSI is -120 dBm but lower than -100 dBm
  • the current geographic location of the terminal device is sent simultaneously with sending the first indication information.
  • the NTN satellite determines the TN coverage of each terminal device within the NTN coverage area by receiving the first indication information and current geographic location sent by more terminal devices. For example, it is determined through the first indication information that there is no TN coverage for the terminal device, and the terminal device is determined to be in the geographic location shown in Figure 2 through the current geographic location.
  • Step 710 Send or receive an NTN signal in the TN spectrum.
  • step 701 and step 702 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced, for example, step 701 may be omitted and execution may start from step 702.
  • Step 701 , step 705 , and step 710 may be implemented as independent embodiments; step 702 , step 705 , and step 710 may be implemented as independent embodiments; but are not limited thereto.
  • Step 701 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, for example, implemented separately as a method for receiving system information
  • Step 702 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a receiving method of an uplink configuration
  • Step 705 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as an information sending method
  • Step 710 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, for example, implemented separately as a communication method based on NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment implements NTN multiplexing of TN's working frequency band by sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving NTN communication capabilities.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also enables the terminal device to read the system information and access the NTN by receiving the system information of the NTN cell broadcasted using the target downlink frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also receives an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency, the uplink configuration including a target uplink frequency, so that when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device can send an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also helps the NTN satellite to determine the TN coverage of the terminal equipment by sending the first indication information, thereby reducing the workload of the NTN satellite.
  • FIG11 shows a flow chart of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is executed by an NTN satellite.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1110 Send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted at a target frequency, and the target frequency falls within the TN spectrum range.
  • the target frequency includes:
  • Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency are examples of Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage area and the TN coverage area overlaps with the NTN coverage area, the target frequency includes a target uplink frequency.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted via a first beam; or,
  • the NTN signal is transmitted through at least one second beam, and the coverage of the second beam is smaller than the coverage of the first beam.
  • FIG12 shows a schematic diagram of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which includes an NTN satellite 120 , a first terminal device 210 , a second terminal device 220 , and a ground base station 140 .
  • NTN will use a wide beam (first beam) to cover and transmit NTN signals.
  • first beam the coverage of a wide beam will overlap with many TN coverages, making it difficult for NTN to directly reuse the uplink and downlink frequencies of TN. Therefore, at least one narrow beam (second beam) can be used to transmit NTN signals to reduce the possibility of NTN coverage overlapping with TN coverage.
  • the coverage range corresponding to the first beam is area 301, and area 301 overlaps with area 302 corresponding to the TN coverage range.
  • the second beam includes at least one of beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 in the figure, and the transmission of NTN signals through beam 3 is taken as an example for explanation.
  • the NTN satellite 120 uses the first beam to communicate with the first terminal device 210 , which will cause interference with the TN. Therefore, beam 3 is used to achieve two-way communication with the first terminal device 210 .
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window
  • the first time window is independent of the second time window.
  • the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the second time window is used to transmit the TN signal.
  • the first time window includes at least one of the following time windows:
  • the time window configured in the uplink frequency
  • the time window configured in the downstream frequency.
  • the time windows configured in the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency are the same; or,
  • the time windows configured in the upstream frequency and the downstream frequency are different.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the time domain unit when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage area and the TN coverage area overlaps with the NTN coverage area, the time domain unit includes an uplink time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the receiving terminal device sends an uplink signal using uplink resources in a resource pool of a target frequency.
  • the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • an uplink signal is sent by the receiving terminal device using uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment implements NTN multiplexing of TN's working frequency band by sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of a small number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving NTN communication capabilities.
  • FIG13 shows a flow chart of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is executed by an NTN satellite.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1101 Broadcast the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency.
  • the target downlink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • step 1101 may be omitted and step 1102 may be performed.
  • step 1101 For the specific implementation details of step 1101, please refer to step 701 of the embodiment of Figure 11, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 1102 Send uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency.
  • the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, which is used by the terminal device to send an uplink signal, and the target uplink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • step 1102 may be omitted, and step 1105 may be performed after step 1101 is performed.
  • step 1102 For the specific implementation details of step 1102, please refer to step 702 of the embodiment of Figure 11, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 1105 Receive first indication information sent by the terminal device.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal device is within the TN coverage of the target frequency, or the first indication information is used to indicate whether the TN coverage of the target frequency exists at the location of the terminal device.
  • the current geographic location of the terminal device is received simultaneously with receiving the first indication information.
  • step 1105 For the specific implementation details of step 1105, please refer to step 705 of the embodiment of Figure 11, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 1106 Determine the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage is determined.
  • the first indication information indicates that there is TN coverage at the location of the terminal device, and the NTN satellite determines that the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage.
  • a comprehensive judgment is made by receiving first indication information sent by multiple terminal devices to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage.
  • the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage is determined.
  • the first indication information indicates that there is no TN coverage at the location of the terminal device
  • the current geographic location of the terminal device indicates that the terminal device is at the geographic location as shown in FIG3
  • the NTN satellite determines that the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage, and the terminal device is outside the TN coverage.
  • Step 1110 Send or receive an NTN signal in the TN spectrum.
  • an NTN signal is sent or received in the TN spectrum.
  • NTN signals are transmitted or received in the TN spectrum by using at least one second beam;
  • the coverage of the second beam is smaller than the coverage of the NTN, the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • an NTN signal is sent or received in the TN spectrum by using at least one second beam; in the case shown in FIG. 3 , an NTN signal is sent or received at a frequency f; and in the case shown in FIG. 4 , an NTN signal is sent or received within a first time window.
  • the NTN signal when the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage, the NTN signal is transmitted or received in the TN spectrum by using at least one second beam.
  • step 1110 For specific implementation details of step 1110, please refer to step 710 of the embodiment of FIG. 7 , which will not be described in detail here.
  • step 1101, step 1102 and step 1106 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced, for example, step 1101 may be omitted and execution may start from step 1102.
  • Step 1101 , step 1105 , step 1106 , and step 1110 may be implemented as independent embodiments; step 1102 , step 1105 , step 1106 , and step 1110 may be implemented as independent embodiments; but are not limited thereto.
  • Step 1101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, for example, implemented separately as a method for sending system information
  • Step 1102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for sending an uplink configuration
  • Step 1105 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as an information receiving method
  • Step 1106 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for determining coverage overlap;
  • Step 1110 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, for example, implemented separately as a communication method based on NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment implements NTN multiplexing of TN's working frequency band by sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving NTN communication capabilities.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell by using the target downlink frequency, so that the terminal device can read the system information and access the NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also sends an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency, wherein the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, so that when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal device can send an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also helps the NTN satellite to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area by receiving the first indication information sent by the terminal device, thereby reducing the workload of the NTN satellite.
  • FIG14 shows a flow chart of an NTN-based communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is executed by an NTN satellite.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1103 Measure energy information at the target frequency within the coverage area of the NTN.
  • the energy information is used to indicate whether the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN satellite measures energy information on the target frequency within the NTN coverage (usually the coverage of the first beam), and when the measured energy information is higher than a second threshold value, it is considered that a TN exists within the NTN coverage.
  • At least one of SSI, RSSI, SNR, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and RSCP is used to represent energy information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the method of representing energy information, and SNR is used as an example for illustration.
  • SNR is used as an example for illustration.
  • the threshold value is 20 decibels
  • the measured energy information is 25 decibels, which is higher than the second threshold value, and it is considered that there is a TN in the coverage area.
  • Step 1106 Determine the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage is determined.
  • the NTN coverage area when the energy information is higher than or equal to a first threshold, the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area; when the energy information is lower than the first threshold, the NTN coverage area does not overlap with the TN coverage area.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window on the target frequency.
  • the first time window there may be multiple NTN satellites competing for the right to use the target frequency.
  • the energy information measured by an NTN satellite is higher than the third threshold value, it indicates that other NTN satellites occupy the target frequency, and the third threshold value is equal to the second threshold value, or is not equal to the second threshold value.
  • the energy information in the first time window can be measured again after a period of time, or the energy information in other time windows can be measured.
  • the NTN satellite can use the target frequency to transmit the NTN signal, and the fourth threshold value is equal to the third threshold value, or is not equal to the third threshold value.
  • Step 1110 Send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • step 1103 is optional, and in different embodiments, this step may be omitted or replaced, for example, step 1103 may be omitted and execution may start from step 1106.
  • Step 1106 and step 1110 may be implemented as independent embodiments; but are not limited thereto.
  • Step 1103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for measuring energy information
  • Step 1106 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for determining coverage overlap;
  • Step 1110 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, for example, implemented separately as a communication method based on NTN.
  • the method provided in this embodiment implements NTN multiplexing of TN's working frequency band by sending or receiving NTN signals in the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of NTN, solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use, and improving NTN communication capabilities.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also independently determines the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage by measuring the energy information at the target frequency within the NTN coverage, thereby reducing the workload of the terminal device and reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • steps with the same sequence number can be considered as the same step.
  • the embodiment corresponding to FIG5, the embodiment corresponding to FIG6, the embodiment corresponding to FIG7, the embodiment corresponding to FIG10, the embodiment corresponding to FIG11, the embodiment corresponding to FIG13 and the embodiment corresponding to FIG14 can be implemented separately or in combination, and this application does not limit this.
  • communication with the NTN satellite can be achieved based on the existing hardware of the terminal device.
  • the NTN coverage area is outside the TN coverage area
  • the NTN coverage area 201 is outside the TN coverage area 202, such as at sea.
  • TN and NTN use the same frequency f to transmit signals, the transmission and reception of signals by the first terminal device 210 and the transmission and reception of signals by the NTN satellite 120 do not affect each other. Therefore, as long as the NTN satellite 120 can identify the area 201, it can communicate with the first terminal device 210 in the area 201 using the same frequency f as TN.
  • the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area, but the terminal equipment is outside the TN coverage area;
  • the NTN coverage area 301 includes the TN coverage area 302 (the NTN cell is usually much larger than the TN cell, and one NTN cell may overlap with many TN cells).
  • the first terminal device 210 is located within the NTN coverage area 301, but outside the TN coverage area 302.
  • the possible interference scenarios in this scenario include:
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the ground base station 140 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the NTN satellite 120 from the first terminal device 210;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the second terminal device 220 from the ground base station 140 .
  • the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area, and the terminal equipment is within the TN coverage area;
  • the NTN coverage area 401 overlaps with the TN coverage area 402 , and the first terminal device 210 communicating with the NTN satellite 120 is within the TN coverage area 402 .
  • the possible interferences are:
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the first terminal device 210 to the NTN satellite 120 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the ground base station 140 from the second terminal device 220;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the ground base station 140 to the second terminal device 220 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the first terminal device 210 from the NTN satellite 120;
  • the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 to the ground base station 140 may interfere with the uplink signal received by the NTN satellite 120 of the first terminal device 210;
  • the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 may interfere with the downlink signal received by the second terminal device 220 from the ground base station 140 .
  • the NTN satellite needs to determine whether a beam coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area
  • Method 1 The terminal device reports whether it is in the coverage area of the TN base station of the target frequency and reports it to the NTN satellite;
  • the terminal device measures the downlink signal strength of the TN base station to determine the TN coverage of its location. When the measured signal strength is higher than a certain threshold, it can be considered that the terminal device is within the TN coverage, otherwise it is considered to be outside the TN coverage.
  • a "TN coverage indication of the target frequency" is introduced:
  • the indication information content may be: being within the TN coverage of the target frequency, being outside the TN coverage of the target frequency;
  • the indication information content may be: TN coverage with target frequency, TN coverage without target frequency.
  • the NTN satellite After the NTN satellite receives the TN coverage indication information of the target frequency of the terminal device, it can determine whether the target frequency can be used for communication at the current location of the terminal device.
  • the problem is that the coverage range of the NTN satellite is usually very large, which means that the use of its frequency needs to consider the situation of more terminal devices, that is, it is necessary to determine whether there is TN coverage within a larger range (the coverage range of a beam of the NTN satellite on the ground).
  • the coverage range and the coverage area have the same meaning.
  • the NTN satellite needs to know the geographical location information of the current terminal device. This information can be the terminal device reporting its geographical location information to the NTN satellite when reporting the TN coverage indication information. The NTN satellite can thus count the TN coverage conditions measured and reported by more terminal devices, and determine which scenario in Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4 the terminal device within the coverage range of an NTN satellite beam is in.
  • Method 2 The NTN satellite measures the energy information on the target frequency
  • the NTN satellite directly measures the energy information on the target frequency in the target area (usually a beam coverage area). When the measured energy information is higher than a certain threshold A, it is considered that there is a TN in the area.
  • This method can distinguish the scene shown in Figure 2, but it may not be able to distinguish which of Figures 3 and 4 are.
  • an NTN reuse window is defined.
  • B may be equal to or not equal to A
  • the NTN satellite can use the target frequency for communication.
  • the overlapping coverage scenario of FIG. 3 can be transformed into the non-overlapping coverage scenario of FIG. 2 as long as the NTN satellite adjusts the width of its beam.
  • Method 1 NTN reuses TN uplink and downlink frequencies
  • This method is mostly applicable to the situation where the NTN coverage area does not overlap with the TN coverage area as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • NTN will use wide beams for coverage, which will cause the NTN coverage to overlap with many TN coverage areas, making it difficult for NTN to directly reuse the uplink and downlink frequencies of TN.
  • NTN can use multiple narrow beams for ground coverage to reduce the possibility of NTN coverage overlapping with TN coverage.
  • the NTN satellite 120 when the NTN satellite 120 uses a wide beam, it can achieve greater coverage (area 301), and its coverage overlaps with the TN coverage (area 302). Although the first terminal device 210 is actually outside the TN coverage, if the NTN satellite 120 communicates with the first terminal device 210 using a wide beam, it will cause downlink interference to the TN.
  • the NTN satellite 120 uses multiple narrow beams to achieve coverage of this area, through the above-mentioned method of "NTN satellite needs to determine whether a beam coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area", the NTN satellite 120 can use beam 3 to achieve two-way communication with the first terminal device 210 on the target frequency.
  • Method 2 NTN reuses TN uplink and downlink frequencies within the first time window
  • This method can be applied to the scenarios where the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • the NTN satellite determines that the current coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area, and the terminal equipment served is partially or completely within the TN coverage area, if the same target frequency is used, it will cause co-channel interference. Therefore, one possible way is to use TDM to multiplex the target frequency.
  • the NTN working window (first time window) can be defined only in the uplink frequency, or only in the downlink frequency, or in both the uplink and downlink (this window can be the same window configuration for the uplink and downlink, or different window configurations for the uplink and downlink).
  • the first time window 910 can be periodically configured, and the configuration parameters include the window length T1 and the window period T, etc. This configuration can be configured by the TN base station or can be predefined.
  • Method 3 NTN reuses only the TN uplink frequency
  • the NTN satellite determines that the current coverage overlaps with the TN coverage, but the terminal devices served are all outside the TN coverage, such as the situation shown in FIG8 . Then, the NTN satellite can reuse only the target uplink frequency f UL (when it is an FDD frequency band), or use the uplink time slot corresponding to the target frequency (when it is a TDD frequency band) to perform uplink transmission with the first terminal device 210. Other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission, so as to avoid interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite 120 to the first terminal device 210 to the second terminal device 220 within the TN coverage.
  • the interference of the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 when communicating with the ground base station 140 to the NTN satellite 120 is not further considered here because the first terminal device 210 usually adopts some uplink enhancement methods, such as repeated transmission, to increase its signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the signal transmitted by the second terminal device 220 will be relatively weak for the NTN satellite 120 as the receiving side. Therefore, it is considered here that the reception interference of the second terminal device 220 to the NTN satellite 120 is within a controllable range.
  • the first terminal device 210 uses the target uplink frequency f UL for uplink transmission, and uses the first time window signal transmission method for downlink transmission at the target downlink frequency f DL .
  • the NTN satellite determines that the target downlink frequency f DL of the TN can be reused on a certain beam
  • the NTN satellite broadcasts system information on the frequency for the terminal equipment to read the system information and access the NTN.
  • the terminal device cannot read the system message broadcast by the NTN satellite.
  • two methods can be adopted:
  • NTN satellite configures the target uplink frequency f UL to the terminal device through the satellite system dedicated frequency, and then the terminal device transmits the uplink signal at the target uplink frequency f UL according to the configuration;
  • Method 2 A resource pool on a target frequency is predefined.
  • the terminal device detects that it is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and the terminal device cannot detect the system message broadcast by the NTN satellite, the terminal device attempts to transmit an uplink signal on the resource pool during the time when the NTN satellite passes through the area.
  • Figure 15 shows a block diagram of a terminal side communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the device can be implemented as a terminal device, or as a part of a terminal device, through software or hardware or a combination of both.
  • the device includes a transmission module 1510, wherein the function of the transmission module 1510 is implemented by a receiver or transmitter in the terminal device.
  • the transmission module 1510 is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted at a target frequency, and the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the TN spectrum represents a frequency distribution curve in the TN
  • the NTN signal represents a signal that can be transmitted in the NTN.
  • NTN satellites reuse the TN spectrum to transmit NTN signals to terminal-side communication devices at target frequencies within the TN spectrum range, increasing the use scenarios of NTN satellites and solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that NTN can use.
  • the target frequency includes:
  • Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency are examples of Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency includes a target uplink frequency or a target downlink frequency; in a TDD scenario, the target frequency includes a target uplink frequency and a target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency when the terminal side communication device is located outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the target frequency includes the target uplink frequency.
  • the NTN satellite only reuses the target uplink frequency for uplink transmission with the first terminal side communication device, and other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission.
  • the ground base station and the second terminal side communication device use the target frequency to transmit signals. By only reusing the target uplink frequency, the interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite to the first terminal side communication device to the second terminal side communication device within the TN coverage is avoided.
  • the first terminal side communication device will adopt some uplink enhancement methods, such as repeated transmission to increase its signal-to-noise ratio, in comparison, the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal side communication device to the ground base station is relatively weak for the NTN satellite. Therefore, the interference of the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal side communication device to the NTN satellite is not further considered, and it is believed that the interference is within a controllable range.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window
  • the first time window is independent of the second time window.
  • the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the second time window is used to transmit the TN signal.
  • TDM Since NTN and TN use the same target frequency, which may cause co-channel interference, TDM is used, wherein the first time window for transmitting the NTN signal is independent of the second time window for transmitting the TN signal.
  • the first time window includes at least one of the following time windows:
  • the time window configured in the uplink frequency
  • the time window configured in the downstream frequency.
  • the first time window may be configured only in the uplink frequency, may be configured only in the downlink frequency, or may be configured in both the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency.
  • the time windows configured in the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency are the same; or,
  • the time windows configured in the upstream frequency and the downstream frequency are different.
  • the time window may be configured by the TN base station or may be predefined.
  • the time window may be periodically configured, and the configuration parameters include parameters such as window length and window period.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the time domain unit when the terminal-side communication device is located outside the TN coverage area and the TN coverage area overlaps with the NTN coverage area, the time domain unit includes an uplink time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the NTN satellite only reuses the uplink time slot to perform uplink transmission with the terminal side communication device, and the downlink transmission can use other frequencies or other time slots, thereby avoiding the interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the NTN satellite to the terminal side communication device to other terminal side communication devices within the TN coverage area.
  • the terminal-side communication device uses the target uplink frequency for uplink transmission, and uses the first time window configured in the downlink frequency for downlink transmission.
  • the transmission module 1510 is also used to send a first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal side communication device is within the TN coverage of the target frequency, or the first indication information is used to indicate whether the TN coverage of the target frequency exists at the location of the terminal side communication device.
  • the content of the first indication information may be: within the TN coverage of the target frequency, outside the TN coverage of the target frequency; it may also be: TN coverage with target frequency, TN coverage without target frequency, etc.
  • the terminal side communication device determines the TN coverage of the location of the terminal side communication device by measuring the downlink signal strength of the TN base station, and thus sends the first indication information, for example, using at least one of SSI, RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and RSCP for judgment.
  • the measured signal strength is higher than or equal to the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal side communication device is covered by TN; when the measured signal strength is lower than the first threshold value, it is considered that the location of the terminal side communication device is not covered by TN.
  • the TN coverage of the location where the terminal side communication device is located is determined by measuring RSSI, when the first threshold value is -100 decibel milliwatts, when the measured RSSI is -50 decibel milliwatts or higher than -100 decibel milliwatts, it is considered that there is TN coverage at the location where the terminal side communication device is located; when the measured RSSI is -120 decibel milliwatts or lower than -100 decibel milliwatts, it is considered that there is no TN coverage at the location where the terminal side communication device is located.
  • the transmission module 1510 is further used to send the current geographical location of the terminal side communication device at the same time as sending the first indication information.
  • the NTN satellite determines the TN coverage status of each terminal side communication device within the NTN coverage area by receiving the first indication information and the current geographical location sent by more terminal side communication devices.
  • the transmission module 1510 is further used to receive system information of the NTN cell broadcasted using the target downlink frequency;
  • the target downlink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the NTN satellite determines that the target downlink frequency of the TN can be reused
  • the NTN satellite broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell on the frequency for the terminal side communication device to read the system information and access the NTN, and the terminal side communication device receives the system information.
  • the transmission module 1510 is further used to receive an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency, where the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, and the target uplink frequency is used to send an uplink signal;
  • the target uplink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the terminal side communication device when the NTN satellite can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal side communication device cannot read the system information broadcast by the NTN satellite. At this time, the NTN satellite configures the target uplink frequency to the terminal side communication device through the satellite system dedicated frequency, and the terminal side communication device sends an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the transmission module 1510 is further configured to send an uplink signal using uplink resources in a resource pool of a target frequency;
  • the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the transmission module 1510 is used to send an uplink signal using the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency when the terminal side communication device is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and the terminal side communication device has not detected the system information of the NTN cell.
  • the terminal side communication device When the terminal side communication device is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and fails to detect the NTN satellite broadcasting system information, it will use the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency to send uplink signals during the time when the NTN satellite passes by the location of the terminal side communication device.
  • the transmission module 1510 can be divided into multiple transmission modules, such as a first transmission module and a second transmission module.
  • the first transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum
  • the second transmission module is used to send the first indication information, receive the system information of the NTN cell broadcasted by the target downlink frequency, and receive the uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency; or the first transmission module is used to send the first indication information, receive the system information of the NTN cell broadcasted by the target downlink frequency, and receive the uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency
  • the second transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • This embodiment does not limit the functions of different transmission modules.
  • This embodiment is described by taking one transmission module 1510 as an example, and the number of transmission modules 1510 is not limited.
  • step 710 For an introduction to the functions of the transmission module 1510 , reference may be made to the contents of step 710 in the embodiment of FIG. 7 , and steps 701 , 702 , and 705 in the embodiment of FIG. 10 .
  • FIG16 shows a block diagram of a network-side communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the device can be implemented as an NTN satellite, or as a part of an NTN satellite, through software or hardware or a combination of both.
  • the device includes a transmission module 1610, a determination module 1620, and a measurement module 1630, wherein the function of the transmission module 1610 is implemented by a receiver or a transmitter in the NTN satellite, and the functions of the determination module 1620 and the measurement module 1630 are implemented by a processor in the NTN satellite.
  • the transmission module 1610 is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted at a target frequency, and the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the network-side communication device transmits NTN signals to the terminal device at the target frequency within the TN spectrum by multiplexing the TN spectrum, thereby increasing the use scenarios of the network-side communication device and solving the problem of the limited number of frequency bands that can be used by NTN.
  • the target frequency includes:
  • Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency are examples of Target uplink frequency and target downlink frequency.
  • the target frequency when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the target frequency includes the target uplink frequency.
  • the network-side communication device only reuses the target uplink frequency for uplink transmission with the first terminal device, and other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission.
  • the ground base station and the second terminal device use the target frequency to transmit signals.
  • the first terminal device will adopt some uplink enhancement methods, such as repeated transmission to increase its signal-to-noise ratio, in comparison, the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device to the ground base station is relatively weak for the network-side communication device. Therefore, the interference of the uplink signal transmitted by the second terminal device to the network-side communication device is not further considered, and it is believed that the interference is within a controllable range.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted through a first beam
  • the NTN signal is transmitted through at least one second beam, and the coverage of the second beam is smaller than the coverage of the first beam.
  • NTN will use a wide beam (first beam) to cover and transmit NTN signals.
  • first beam the coverage of a wide beam will overlap with many TN coverages, making it difficult for NTN to directly reuse the uplink and downlink frequencies of TN. Therefore, at least one narrow beam (second beam) can be used to transmit NTN signals to reduce the possibility of NTN coverage overlapping with TN coverage.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted within a first time window
  • the first time window is independent of the second time window.
  • the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the second time window is used to transmit the TN signal.
  • TDM Since NTN and TN use the same target frequency, which may cause co-channel interference, TDM is used, wherein the first time window for transmitting the NTN signal is independent of the second time window for transmitting the TN signal.
  • the first time window includes at least one of the following time windows:
  • the time window configured in the uplink frequency
  • the time window configured in the downstream frequency.
  • the first time window may be configured only in the uplink frequency, may be configured only in the downlink frequency, or may be configured in both the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency.
  • the time windows configured in the uplink frequency and the downlink frequency are the same; or,
  • the time windows configured in the upstream frequency and the downstream frequency are different.
  • the time window may be configured by the TN base station or may be predefined.
  • the time window may be periodically configured, and the configuration parameters include parameters such as window length and window period.
  • the NTN signal is transmitted in a time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the time domain unit when the terminal device is located outside the TN coverage and the TN coverage overlaps with the NTN coverage, the time domain unit includes an uplink time domain unit corresponding to the target frequency.
  • the network-side communication device only reuses the uplink time slot for uplink transmission with the terminal device, and other frequencies can be used for downlink transmission. or other time slots, thereby avoiding interference of the downlink signal transmitted by the network-side communication device to the terminal equipment with other terminal equipment within the coverage of the TN.
  • the determination module 1620 is used to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area;
  • the transmission module 1610 is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum based on the overlap between the NTN coverage area and the TN coverage area.
  • the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage is determined.
  • the first indication information indicates that there is TN coverage at the location of the terminal device, and the network-side communication device determines that the NTN coverage overlaps with the TN coverage.
  • a comprehensive judgment is made by receiving first indication information sent by multiple terminal devices to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage.
  • the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage is determined based on the first indication information and the current geographical location of the terminal device.
  • the transmission module 1610 is configured to send or receive an NTN signal in a TN spectrum by using at least one second beam when the NTN coverage area does not overlap with the TN coverage area;
  • the coverage of the second beam is smaller than the coverage of the NTN, the first time window is used to transmit the NTN signal, and the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the transmission module 1610 is further used to receive first indication information sent by the terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate whether the terminal device is within the TN coverage of the target frequency, or the first indication information is used to indicate whether the TN coverage of the target frequency exists at the location of the terminal device;
  • the content of the first indication information may be: within the TN coverage of the target frequency, outside the TN coverage of the target frequency; it may also be: TN coverage with target frequency, TN coverage without target frequency, etc.
  • the determination module 1620 is used to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage based on the first indication information.
  • the transmission module 1610 is further configured to receive the current geographical location of the terminal device while receiving the first indication information
  • the determination module 1620 is used to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage based on the first indication information and the current geographical location of the terminal device.
  • the network-side communication device determines the TN coverage of each terminal device within the NTN coverage area by receiving the first indication information and the current geographical location sent by more terminal devices.
  • the measurement module 1630 is used to measure energy information on a target frequency within an NTN coverage area, where the energy information is used to indicate whether the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area;
  • the determination module 1620 is used to determine the overlap between the NTN coverage and the TN coverage based on the energy information on the target frequency.
  • the NTN coverage area overlaps with the TN coverage area
  • the NTN coverage area does not overlap with the TN coverage area.
  • the network-side communication device measures energy information at the target frequency within the NTN coverage (usually the coverage of the first beam). When the measured energy information is higher than the second threshold value, it is considered that there is a TN within the NTN coverage.
  • At least one of SSI, RSSI, SNR, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and RSCP is used to represent energy information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner of representing energy information, and SNR is used as an example for illustration.
  • SNR is used as an example for illustration.
  • the second threshold value is 20 decibels
  • the measured energy information is 25 decibels, which is higher than the second threshold value, and it is considered that there is a TN within the coverage range.
  • the transmission module 1610 is further configured to broadcast the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency;
  • the target downlink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the network-side communication device determines that the target downlink frequency of the TN can be reused, the network-side communication device broadcasts the system information of the NTN cell on the frequency for the terminal device to read the system information and access the NTN.
  • the transmission module 1610 is further used to send an uplink configuration on a satellite system dedicated frequency, where the uplink configuration includes a target uplink frequency, and the target uplink frequency is used for the terminal device to send an uplink signal;
  • the target uplink frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the terminal equipment when the network side communication device can only reuse the target uplink frequency, the terminal equipment cannot read the system information broadcast by the network side communication device. At this time, the network side communication device configures the target uplink frequency to the terminal equipment through the satellite system dedicated frequency, and the terminal equipment sends an uplink signal on the target uplink frequency.
  • the transmission module 1610 is further configured to receive an uplink signal from a resource pool of a target frequency used by a terminal device. Uplink signal sent by the resource;
  • the target frequency belongs to the TN spectrum range.
  • the transmission module 1610 is used to receive an uplink signal sent by the terminal device using uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency when the terminal device is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and the terminal device has not detected the system information of the NTN cell.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device is outside the TN coverage of the target frequency and does not detect the network side communication device broadcasting system information, it will use the uplink resources in the resource pool of the target frequency to send uplink signals during the time when the network side communication device passes by the location of the terminal device.
  • the transmission module 1610 can be divided into multiple transmission modules, such as a first transmission module and a second transmission module.
  • the first transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum
  • the second transmission module is used to receive the first indication information sent by the terminal device, broadcast the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency, and send the uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency; or the first transmission module is used to receive the first indication information sent by the terminal device, broadcast the system information of the NTN cell using the target downlink frequency, and send the uplink configuration on the satellite system dedicated frequency
  • the second transmission module is used to send or receive NTN signals in the TN spectrum.
  • This embodiment does not limit the functions of different transmission modules.
  • This embodiment is described by taking one transmission module 1610 as an example, and the number of transmission modules 1610 is not limited.
  • step 1110 for the functional introduction of the transmission module 1610, reference may be made to the contents of step 1110 in the embodiment of FIG. 11 , and steps 1101 , 1102 , and 1105 in the embodiment of FIG. 13 ;
  • step 1106 For an introduction to the functions of the determination module 1620, reference may be made to the contents of step 1106 in the embodiment of FIG. 13 and the embodiment of FIG. 14 ;
  • step 1103 For an introduction to the functions of the measurement module 1630 , please refer to the contents of step 1103 in the embodiment of FIG. 14 .
  • FIG17 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device or NTN satellite 1700 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, including: a processor 1701 , a receiver 1702 , a transmitter 1703 , a memory 1704 and a bus 1705 .
  • the processor 1701 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 1701 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. In some embodiments, the processor 1701 can be used to implement the functions and steps of the above-mentioned determination module 1620 and measurement module 1630.
  • the receiver 1702 and the transmitter 1703 may be implemented as a communication component, which may be a communication chip, and the communication component may be called a transceiver.
  • the receiver 1702 may be used to implement the functions and steps of the transmission module 1510 and the transmission module 1610
  • the transmitter 1703 may be used to implement the functions and steps of the transmission module 1510 and the transmission module 1610.
  • the memory 1704 is connected to the processor 1701 via a bus 1705 .
  • the memory 1704 may be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 1701 may be used to execute the at least one instruction to implement each step in the above method embodiment.
  • memory 1704 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof.
  • Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include but are not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, programmable read-only memory (PROM).
  • the receiver 1702 receives signals/data independently, or the processor 1701 controls the receiver 1702 to receive signals/data, or the processor 1701 requests the receiver 1702 to receive signals/data, or the processor 1701 cooperates with the receiver 1702 to receive signals/data.
  • the transmitter 1703 independently sends signals/data, or the processor 1701 controls the transmitter 1703 to send signals/data, or the processor 1701 requests the transmitter 1703 to send signals/data, or the processor 1701 cooperates with the transmitter 1703 to send signals/data.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which at least one program is stored.
  • the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the NTN-based communication method provided by each of the above method embodiments.
  • a computer program product or a computer program is also provided.
  • the terminal device or the NTN satellite 1700 executes the NTN-based communication method provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种基于非地面网络(Non-Terrestrial Network，NTN)的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品，属于卫星通信领域。该方法由终端设备执行，该方法包括：在地面网络(Terrestrial Network，TN)频谱发送或接收NTN信号。该方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。

Description

基于NTN的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 技术领域
本申请涉及卫星通信领域，特别涉及一种基于非地面网络(Non-Terrestrial Network，NTN)的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品。
背景技术
在NTN通信系统中，卫星通信系统是一个典型的工作场景。卫星通过转发地面基站的信号，使得地面基站无法覆盖的区域里的终端设备能够与卫星进行通信，从而扩大了通信范围。
目前用于卫星通信的频段都是专门分配的，不能用于地面网络(Terrestrial Network，TN)通信系统。然而TN通信系统占据了大量的频段，导致可以用于卫星通信的频段较少。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种基于NTN的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品，该技术方案至少包括：
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供了一种基于NTN的通信方法，该方法由终端设备执行，该方法包括：
在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种基于NTN的通信方法，该方法由NTN卫星执行，该方法包括：
在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种终端侧通信装置，该装置包括：
传输模块，用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种网络侧通信装置，该装置包括：
传输模块，用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种终端设备，终端设备包括：
处理器；
与处理器相连的收发器；
用于存储处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
其中，处理器被配置为加载并执行可执行指令以实现如上述各个方面的基于NTN的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种NTN卫星，NTN卫星包括：
处理器；
与处理器相连的收发器；
用于存储处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
其中，处理器被配置为加载并执行可执行指令以实现如上述各个方面的基于NTN的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，该至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如上述各个方面的基于NTN的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，处理器从计算机可读存储介质中获取计算机指令，处理器执行计算机指令以实现如上述各个方面的基于NTN的通信方法。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信系统的示意图；
图2示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图；
图3示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图；
图4示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图；
图5示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图6示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图7示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图8示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的示意图；
图9示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的时间窗口配置的示意图；
图10示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图11示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图12示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的示意图；
图13示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图14示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图；
图15示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的终端侧通信装置的框图；
图16示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的网络侧通信装置的框图；
图17示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的终端设备或NTN卫星的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其它含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
应当理解，尽管在本公开可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”。
首先对本申请涉及的一些技术知识进行介绍说明：
·NTN技术；
NTN技术通过NTN卫星(或无人机)而不是地面基站向地面用户提供通信服务。NTN通信系统包括如下至少之一：卫星通信系统、高空平台通信系统(例如基于飞机的通信系统、基于热气球的通信系统)。在这些系统里面，卫星通信系统是典型的一个工作场景。
图1示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信系统100的示意图，该卫星通信系统100包括：终端设备110、卫星120、网关130、地面基站140、核心网150。其中，卫星120与地面基站140通过网关130建立空口链路，卫星120可以转发地面基站140的信号实现对地面基站140的信号无法覆盖的区域进行补充，在这些区域里面终端设备110可以跟对应的卫星120进行通信，尤其是对于偏远地区、沙漠、高山、海洋等地面基站140的信号无法覆盖的区域，卫星120能够实现对其有效覆盖，本申请实施例中，NTN卫星简称为卫星，卫星120即NTN卫星120。
本申请实施例中涉及的终端设备110，可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的UE，移动台(Mobile Station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)、物联网设备等，终端设备110可以是手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、膝上便携计算机、台式计算机、电视机、游戏机、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)终端、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)终端和混合现实(Mixed Reality，MR)终端、可穿戴设备、手柄、电子标签和控制器等中的至少一种。为方便描述，本申请实施例中，上面提到的设备统称为终端设备110。在本申请实施例中，有些地方使用UE代表终端设备，网络设备可以是基站或者卫星。
以蜂窝通信网络为例，地面基站140是一种用以为终端设备110提供无线通信功能的装置。地面基站140可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站，接入点等等。在采用不同的无线接入技术的系统中，具备基站功能的设备的名称可能会有所不同，例如在第五代新空口(5th Generation New Radio，5G NR)通信系统中，称为下一代节点B(Next Generation Node B，gNB)。随着通信技术的演进，“基站”这一名称可能会变化。为方便描述，本申请实施例中，上述为终端设备110提供无线通信功能的装置统称为基站。
在本申请实施例中，名词“网络”和“系统”通常混用，但本领域技术人员可以理解其含义。本申请实施例描述的技术方案可以适用于长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统，也可以适用于5G系统，也可以适用于5G NR系统后续的演进系统或者其他通信系统，本申请实施例对此不加以限定。
卫星通信系统100由于卫星120的移动特点，使得其具有跟地面通信系统不同的特点，比如卫星120的高速移动，使得小区在高速移动，终端设备110的移动性相比之下就很小。另外，终端设备110与卫星120间的通信距离相比终端设备110与地面基站140的通信距离要大很多，对终端设备110的发射功率要求更高，同时卫星120也具有更大的天线阵列以及更高的接收机灵敏度，对微弱信号的接收解调能力也更强。
·卫星频谱使用；
目前用于卫星通信的频谱都是专门分配的，该频谱不能用于地面网络通信业务。与之类似，用于地面网络通信业务的频谱也不能用于卫星通信使用，以避免相互之间的干扰与影响。
·卫星通信场景；
卫星通信场景包括如下至少之一：
(1)NTN覆盖范围在TN覆盖范围之外；
图2示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图。在此场景中，卫星120提供的NTN覆盖范围对应的区域201，处于地面基站140提供的TN覆盖范围对应的区域202之外，例如区域201位于大海上或沙漠中。NTN与TN使用相同的频率f传输信号，其中，位于区域201中的第一终端设备210与卫星120发送或接收信号，对TN不会产生影响。
(2)NTN覆盖范围和TN覆盖范围重叠，第一终端设备位于TN覆盖范围之外；
图3示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图。在此场景中，卫星120提供的NTN覆盖范围对应的区域301，与地面基站140提供的TN覆盖范围对应的区域302重叠，第一终端设备210位于区域302之外，区域301之内。对于这种场景，区域301通常要远大于区域302，一个区域301可能会跟很多区域302重叠，本申请实施例以一个区域302为例进行说明。
这种场景下可能存在的干扰场景如图3中虚线所示，包括：
2-1.第二终端设备220发射给地面基站140的上行信号，有可能会干扰卫星120接收来自第一终端设备210的上行信号；
2-2.卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号，有可能会干扰第二终端设备220接收来自地面基站140的下行信号。
(3)NTN覆盖范围和TN覆盖范围重叠，第一终端设备位于TN覆盖范围之内；
图4示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的卫星通信场景的示意图。在此场景中，卫星120提供的NTN覆盖范围对应的区域401，与地面基站140提供的TN覆盖范围对应的区域402重叠，第一终端设备210位于区域402之内。对于这种场景，区域401通常要远大于区域402，一个区域401可能会跟很多区域402重叠，本申请实施例以一个区域402为例进行说明。
这种场景下可能存在的干扰场景如图3中虚线所示，包括：
3-1.第一终端设备210发射给卫星120的上行信号，有可能会干扰地面基站140接收第二终端设备220的上行信号；
3-2.地面基站140发射给第二终端设备220的下行信号，有可能会干扰第一终端设备210接收卫星120的下行信号；
3-3.第二终端设备220发射给地面基站140的上行信号，有可能会干扰卫星120接收第一终端设备210的上行信号；
3-4.卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号，有可能会干扰第二终端设备220接收地面基站140的下行信号。
终端设备与卫星的通信距离相比地面通信更加遥远，对通信信号的发送与接收要求更高。此外，基于无线信号的传播特性，频率越低则空间传播损耗越小；频率越高则空间传播损耗越大。因此低频信号具有更强的网络覆盖能力，以及更低的损耗。因此，当前低频段存在大量的TN通信系统，导致难有更多的频段给NTN使用。但实际NTN最有价值的场景是在比如深山、沙漠、海洋等TN覆盖不到的地方，对于这些地方可以考虑如何复用TN频谱来进行卫星通信。同时，考虑到支持TN的终端设备实际已经具备了收发这些TN频谱上的信号的能力，因此如果NTN能够共享现在的TN频谱，那么终端设备不进行硬件改动就可以支持与NTN的通信了。
图5示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由终端设备110和NTN卫星120执行，该方法包括：
步骤510：NTN卫星120采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息。
其中，目标下行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在NTN卫星120确定可以复用TN的目标下行频率的情况下，NTN卫星120在该频率上广播NTN小区的系统信息，供终端设备110读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
在一些实施例中，步骤510可以省略，执行步骤520。
步骤520：NTN卫星120在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置。
其中，上行配置包括目标上行频率，目标上行频率用于发送上行信号，目标上行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，在NTN卫星120只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备110无法读取到NTN卫星120广播的系统信息，此时NTN卫星120通过卫星系统专用频率将目标上行频率配置给终端设备110，终端设备110在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
在一些实施例中，步骤520可以省略，执行步骤510后执行步骤530。
步骤530：终端设备110发送第一指示信息。
在一些实施例中，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖。
在一些实施例中，第一指示信息的内容可以为：处于目标频率的TN覆盖内、处于目标频率的TN覆盖外；也可以为：有目标频率的TN覆盖、无目标频率的TN覆盖等内容。
在一些实施例中，第一指示信息被称为：目标频率的TN覆盖指示、TN覆盖指示、目标频率的TN覆盖区域指示中的至少一种，本申请实施例对此不加以限定，以第一指示信息为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，终端设备110通过测量TN基站的下行信号强度判断终端设备110所处位置的TN覆盖情况，从而发送第一指示信息，例如使用信号强度指示(Signal Strength Indicator，SSI)、接收信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indicator，RSSI)、参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Received Power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(Reference Signal Received Quality，RSRQ)、信号干扰噪声比(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，SINR)、接收信号码功率(Received Signal Code Power，RSCP)中的至少一种进行判断。
当测量到的信号强度高于或等于第一门限值时，认为终端设备110所处位置有TN覆盖；当测量到的信号强度低于第一门限值时，认为终端设备110所处位置没有TN覆盖。
示例性的，在通过测量RSSI判断终端设备110所处位置的TN覆盖情况，第一门限值为-100分贝毫瓦的情况下，当测量到的RSSI为-50分贝毫瓦高于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端设备110所处位置存在TN覆盖；当测量到的RSSI为-120分贝毫瓦低于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端设备110所处位置不存在TN覆盖。
在一些实施例中，终端设备110在发送第一指示信息的同时，发送终端设备110的当前地理位置。NTN卫星120通过接收更多终端设备110发送的第一指示信息和当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围内的各个终端设备110的TN覆盖情况，例如通过第一指示信息确定终端设备110不存在TN覆盖，通过当前地理位置确定终端设备110在如图2所示的地理位置。
步骤540：NTN卫星120确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120通过接收的第一指示信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。例如第一指示信息指示终端设备110所处位置存在TN覆盖，NTN卫星120确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120通过接收多个终端设备110发送的第一指示信息来综合判断，从而确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120通过接收的第一指示信息和终端设备110的当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。例如第一指示信息指示终端设备110所处位置不存在TN覆盖，终端设备110的当前地理位置指示终端设备110在如图3所示的地理位置，NTN卫星120确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠，且终端设备110在TN覆盖范围之外。
步骤550：NTN卫星120在TN频谱发送NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120在TN频谱接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率传输，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
NTN卫星120通过复用TN频谱，在属于TN频谱范围内的目标频率上传输NTN信号，增加了NTN卫星120的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题。
在一些实施例中，目标频率包括：
目标上行频率；或，
目标下行频率；或，
目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备110位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，目标频率包括目标上行频率。在此情况下，NTN卫星120仅复用目标上行频率与终端设备110进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率，从而规避NTN卫星120发射给终端设备110的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的其它终端设备的干扰。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号通过第一波束传输；或，
NTN信号通过至少一个第二波束传输，第二波束的覆盖范围小于第一波束的覆盖范围。
NTN为了增加覆盖范围，会采用宽波束(第一波束)进行覆盖，从而传输NTN信号。但是一个宽波束的覆盖范围会和许多的TN覆盖范围重叠，导致NTN难以直接复用TN的上下行频率，因此可以采用至少一个窄波束(第二波束)来传输NTN信号，减少NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的可能性。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
其中，第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
由于NTN与TN采用相同的目标频率可能会带来同频干扰问题，因此采用时分复用模式(Time-Division Multiplexing，TDM)。其中，用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口与用于传输TN信号的第二时间窗口独立。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
第一时间窗口可以仅在上行频率中配置，也可以仅在下行频率中配置，还可以同时在上行频率和下行频率中配置。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口称为NTN复用窗口、复用窗口、NTN窗口等，本申请实施例对此不加以限定，以第一时间窗口为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口相同；或，
在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口不同。
该时间窗口可以是由TN基站配置的，也可以是预定义的。其中，时间窗口可以是周期性配置的，配置参数包括窗口长度、窗口周期等参数。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
时域单元包括如下至少一种：时隙、系统帧、子帧组、子帧、时隙组、时隙、符号组、符号，本申请实施例对时域单元的具体种类不加以限定，以时隙为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，时域单元包括目标频率对应的上行时域单元，例如目标频率对应的上行时隙。
在此情况下，NTN卫星120仅复用上行时隙与终端设备110进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率或其它时隙，从而规避NTN卫星120发射给终端设备110的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的其它终端设备的干扰。
在一些实施例中，终端设备110使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号；
其中，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备110处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
终端设备110在处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且未检测到NTN卫星120广播系统信息的情况下，会在NTN卫星120经过终端设备110所在位置的时间内，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过终端设备或NTN卫星在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过NTN卫星采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息，使得终端设备能够读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
本实施例提供的方法还通过NTN卫星在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，使得在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备能够在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
本实施例提供的方法还通过终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源，使得终端设备在未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，能够发送上行信号。
本实施例提供的方法还通过终端设备发送第一指示信息，帮助NTN卫星确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，减少了NTN卫星的工作负担。
图6示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由终端设备110和NTN卫星120执行，该方法包括：
步骤610：NTN卫星120采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息。
在一些实施例中，步骤610可以省略，执行步骤620。
步骤610和步骤510实施原理相同，参考步骤510的具体实施细节，此处不再赘述。
步骤620：NTN卫星120在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置。
在一些实施例中，步骤620可以省略，执行步骤610后执行步骤630。
步骤620和步骤520实施原理相同，参考步骤520的具体实施细节，此处不再赘述。
步骤630：NTN卫星120测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息。
其中，能量信息用于指示NTN覆盖范围是否与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120测量NTN覆盖范围(通常为第一波束的覆盖范围)内在目标频率上的能量信息，当测量的能量信息高于第二门限值时，认为NTN覆盖范围内存在TN。
在一些实施例中，使用SSI、RSSI、信噪比(Signal-to-Noise Ratio，SNR)、RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、RSCP中的至少一种来表示能量信息，本申请实施例对表示能量信息的方式不加以限定，以SNR为例进行说明。示例性的，在第二门限值为20分贝的情况下，测量的能量信息为25分贝，高于第二门限值，认为覆盖范围内存在TN。
步骤640：NTN卫星120确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星120通过测量的能量信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。当测量的能量信息高于第二门限值时，认为NTN覆盖范围内存在TN，即NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率上的第一时间窗口内传输，在第一时间窗口内，可能会有多个NTN卫星120竞争目标频率的使用权利。
当一个NTN卫星120测量的能量信息高于第三门限值时，表示有其它NTN卫星120占用该目标频率，第三门限值等于第二门限值，或不等于第二门限值。此时可以等待一段时间后再次测量第一时间窗口内的能量信息，或测量其它时间窗口内的能量信息，当测量的能量信息低于第四门限值时，该NTN卫星120可以使用目标频率传输NTN信号，第四门限值等于第三门限值，或不等于第三门限值。
步骤650：NTN卫星120在TN频谱发送NTN信号。
步骤650和步骤550实施原理相同，参考步骤550的具体实施细节，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过终端设备或NTN卫星在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过NTN卫星采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息，使得终端设备能够读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
本实施例提供的方法还通过NTN卫星在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，使得在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备能够在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
本实施例提供的方法还通过NTN卫星测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息，自主确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，减少了终端设备的工作负担，降低了终端设备的功耗。
图7示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由终端设备执行，该方法包括：
步骤710：在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率传输，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
其中，TN频谱表示TN中的频率分布曲线，NTN信号表示可以在NTN中传输的信号。
NTN卫星通过复用TN频谱，在属于TN频谱范围内的目标频率上与终端设备传输NTN信号，增加了NTN卫星的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题。
在一些实施例中，目标频率包括：
目标上行频率；或，
目标下行频率；或，
目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)场景中，目标频率包括目标上行频率或目标下行频率；在时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)场景中，目标频率包括目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，目标频率包括目标上行频率。在此情况下，如图8所示，NTN卫星120仅复用目标上行频率fUL与第一终端设备210进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率，地面基站140与第二终端设备220采用频率fUL&DL传输信号。通过仅复用目标上行频率fUL的方法，规避NTN卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的第二终端设备220的干扰。
由于通常情况下，第一终端设备210会采用一些上行增强方式，例如重复传输来增加其信噪比，相比之下第二终端设备220发射给地面基站140的上行信号对于NTN卫星120来说较弱，所以没有进一步考虑第二终端设备220发射的上行信号对NTN卫星120的干扰，认为该干扰处于可控范围内。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
其中，第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
由于NTN与TN采用相同的目标频率可能会带来同频干扰问题，因此采用TDM。其中，用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口与用于传输TN信号的第二时间窗口独立。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
第一时间窗口可以仅在上行频率中配置，也可以仅在下行频率中配置，还可以同时在上行频率和下行频率中配置。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口称为NTN复用窗口、复用窗口、NTN窗口等，本申请实施例对此不加以限定，以第一时间窗口为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口相同；或，
在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口不同。
该时间窗口可以是由TN基站配置的，也可以是预定义的。其中，时间窗口可以是周期性配置的，配置参数包括窗口长度、窗口周期等参数。
图9示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的时间窗口配置的示意图，在目标频率上用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口910的窗口长度为T1，用于传输TN信号的第二时间窗口920的窗口长度为T2，第一个第一时间窗口910和第二个第一时间窗口910之间的窗口周期为T。
在一些实施例中，用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口910的窗口长度为T1，其余时间用于传输TN信号。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
时域单元包括如下至少一种：时隙、系统帧、子帧组、子帧、时隙组、时隙、符号组、符号，本申请实施例对时域单元的具体种类不加以限定，以时隙为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，时域单元包括目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
在此情况下，NTN卫星仅复用上行时隙与终端设备进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率或其它时隙，从而规避NTN卫星发射给终端设备的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的其它终端设备的干扰。
在一些实施例中，终端设备采用目标上行频率进行上行传输，采用在下行频率中配置的第一时间窗口进行下行传输。
在一些实施例中，终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号；
其中，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
终端设备在处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且未检测到NTN卫星广播系统信息的情况下，会在NTN卫星经过终端设备所在位置的时间内，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源，使得终端设备在未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，能够发送上行信号。
图10示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由终端设备执行，该方法包括：
步骤701：接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息。
其中，目标下行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在NTN卫星确定可以复用TN的目标下行频率的情况下，NTN卫星在该频率上广播NTN小区的系统信息，供终端设备读取系统信息以及接入NTN，终端设备接收该系统信息。
在一些实施例中，步骤701可以省略，执行步骤702。
步骤702：在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置。
其中，上行配置包括目标上行频率，目标上行频率用于发送上行信号，目标上行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备无法读取到NTN卫星广播的系统信息，此时NTN卫星通过卫星系统专用频率将目标上行频率配置给终端设备，终端设备110在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
在一些实施例中，步骤702可以省略，执行步骤701后执行步骤705。
步骤705：发送第一指示信息。
其中，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖。
在一些实施例中，第一指示信息的内容可以为：处于目标频率的TN覆盖内、处于目标频率的TN覆盖外；也可以为：有目标频率的TN覆盖、无目标频率的TN覆盖等内容。
在一些实施例中，第一指示信息被称为：目标频率的TN覆盖指示、TN覆盖指示、目标频率的TN覆盖区域指示中的至少一种，本申请实施例对此不加以限定，以第一指示信息为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，终端设备通过测量TN基站的下行信号强度判断终端设备所处位置的TN覆盖情况，从而发送第一指示信息，例如使用SSI、RSSI、RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、RSCP中的至少一种进行判断。
当测量到的信号强度高于或等于第一门限值时，认为终端设备所处位置有TN覆盖；当测量到的信号强度低于第一门限值时，认为终端设备所处位置没有TN覆盖。
示例性的，在通过测量RSSI判断终端设备所处位置的TN覆盖情况，第一门限值为-100分贝毫瓦的情况下，当测量到的RSSI为-50分贝毫瓦高于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端设备所处位置存在TN覆盖；当测量到的RSSI为-120分贝毫瓦低于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端设备所处位置不存在TN覆盖。
在一些实施例中，在发送第一指示信息的同时，发送终端设备的当前地理位置。
NTN卫星通过接收更多终端设备发送的第一指示信息和当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围内的各个终端设备的TN覆盖情况，例如通过第一指示信息确定终端设备不存在TN覆盖，通过当前地理位置确定终端设备在如图2所示的地理位置。
步骤710：在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在本实施例中，步骤701和步骤702是可选的，在不同实施例中，可对这些步骤中的一个或多个步骤进行省略或替代，例如省略步骤701，从步骤702开始执行。
步骤701、步骤705和步骤710可作为独立实施例来实施；步骤702、步骤705和步骤710可作为独立实施例来实施；但不限于此。
步骤701可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为系统信息的接收方法；
步骤702可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为上行配置的接收方法；
步骤705可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为信息发送方法；
步骤710可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为基于NTN的通信方法。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息，使得终端设备能够读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
本实施例提供的方法还通在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，使得在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备能够在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
本实施例提供的方法还通过发送第一指示信息，帮助NTN卫星确定终端设备的TN覆盖情况，减少了NTN卫星的工作负担。
图11示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由NTN卫星执行，该方法包括：
步骤1110：在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率传输，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，目标频率包括：
目标上行频率；或，
目标下行频率；或，
目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，目标频率包括目标上行频率。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号通过第一波束传输；或，
NTN信号通过至少一个第二波束传输，第二波束的覆盖范围小于第一波束的覆盖范围。
图12示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的示意图，图中包括NTN卫星120、第一终端设备210、第二终端设备220、地面基站140。
NTN为了增加覆盖范围，会采用宽波束(第一波束)进行覆盖，从而传输NTN信号。但是一个宽波束的覆盖范围会和许多的TN覆盖范围重叠，导致NTN难以直接复用TN的上下行频率，因此可以采用至少一个窄波束(第二波束)来传输NTN信号，减少NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的可能性。
如图12所示，第一波束对应的覆盖范围是区域301，区域301与TN覆盖范围对应的区域302重叠，第二波束包括图中的波束1、波束2、波束3中的至少之一，以通过波束3传输NTN信号为例进行说明。
虽然第一终端设备210在区域302之外，但是NTN卫星120采用第一波束与第一终端设备210进行通信会导致与TN之间产生干扰，所以采用波束3实现与第一终端设备210的双向通信。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
其中，第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
在一些实施例中，在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口相同；或，
在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口不同。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，时域单元包括目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
在一些实施例中，接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送的上行信号。
其中，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，在终端设备处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送的上行信号。
上述基于NTN的通信方法的具体实施细节参考终端设备侧，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
图13示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由NTN卫星执行，该方法包括：
步骤1101：采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息。
其中，目标下行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，步骤1101可以省略，执行步骤1102。
步骤1101的具体实施细节参考图11实施例的步骤701，此处不再赘述。
步骤1102：在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置。
其中，上行配置包括目标上行频率，目标上行频率用于终端设备发送上行信号，目标上行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在一些实施例中，步骤1102可以省略，执行步骤1101后执行步骤1105。
步骤1102的具体实施细节参考图11实施例的步骤702，此处不再赘述。
步骤1105：接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息。
其中，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖。
在一些实施例中，在接收第一指示信息的同时，接收终端设备的当前地理位置。
步骤1105的具体实施细节参考图11实施例的步骤705，此处不再赘述。
步骤1106：确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，基于第一指示信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。例如第一指示信息指示终端设备所处位置存在TN覆盖，NTN卫星确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在一些实施例中，通过接收多个终端设备发送的第一指示信息来综合判断，从而确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，基于第一指示信息和终端设备的当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。例如第一指示信息指示终端设备所处位置不存在TN覆盖，终端设备的当前地理位置指示终端设备在如图3所示的地理位置，NTN卫星确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠，且终端设备在TN覆盖范围之外。
步骤1110：在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，基于NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，在NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围不重叠的情况下，通过使用至少一个第二波束，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号；
在NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，在第一时间窗口内发送或接收NTN信号，或，在目标频率发送或接收NTN信号；
其中，第二波束的覆盖范围小于NTN覆盖范围，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
示例性的，在如图2所示的情况下，通过使用至少一个第二波束，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号；在如图3所示的情况下，在频率f发送或接收NTN信号；在如图4所示的情况下，在第一时间窗口内发送或接收NTN信号。
在一些实施例中，在NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，通过使用至少一个第二波束，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
步骤1110的具体实施细节参考图7实施例的步骤710，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，步骤1101、步骤1102和步骤1106是可选的，在不同实施例中，可对这些步骤中的一个或多个步骤进行省略或替代，例如省略步骤1101，从步骤1102开始执行。
步骤1101、步骤1105、步骤1106和步骤1110可作为独立实施例来实施；步骤1102、步骤1105、步骤1106和步骤1110可作为独立实施例来实施；但不限于此。
步骤1101可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为系统信息的发送方法；
步骤1102可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为上行配置的发送方法；
步骤1105可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为信息接收方法；
步骤1106可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为覆盖范围重叠情况的确定方法；
步骤1110可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为基于NTN的通信方法。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息，使得终端设备能够读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
本实施例提供的方法还通过在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，使得在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备能够在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息，帮助NTN卫星确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，减少了NTN卫星的工作负担。
图14示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法的流程图，该方法由NTN卫星执行，该方法包括：
步骤1103：测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息。
其中，能量信息用于指示NTN覆盖范围是否与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在一些实施例中，NTN卫星测量NTN覆盖范围(通常为第一波束的覆盖范围)内在目标频率上的能量信息，当测量的能量信息高于第二门限值时，认为NTN覆盖范围内存在TN。
在一些实施例中，使用SSI、RSSI、SNR、RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、RSCP中的至少一种来表示能量信息，本申请实施例对表示能量信息的方式不加以限定，以SNR为例进行说明。示例性的，在第二门限值 为20分贝的情况下，测量的能量信息为25分贝，高于第二门限值，认为覆盖范围内存在TN。
步骤1106：确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，基于目标频率上的能量信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在一些实施例中，在能量信息高于或等于第一阈值的情况下，NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠；在能量信息低于第一阈值的情况下，NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围不重叠。
在一些实施例中，NTN信号在目标频率上的第一时间窗口内传输，在第一时间窗口内，可能会有多个NTN卫星竞争目标频率的使用权利。
当一个NTN卫星测量的能量信息高于第三门限值时，表示有其它NTN卫星占用该目标频率，第三门限值等于第二门限值，或不等于第二门限值。此时可以等待一段时间后再次测量第一时间窗口内的能量信息，或测量其它时间窗口内的能量信息，当测量的能量信息低于第四门限值时，该NTN卫星可以使用目标频率传输NTN信号，第四门限值等于第三门限值，或不等于第三门限值。
步骤1110：在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在本实施例中，步骤1103是可选的，在不同实施例中，可对该步骤进行省略或替代，例如省略步骤1103，从步骤1106开始执行。
步骤1106和步骤1110可作为独立实施例来实施；但不限于此。
步骤1103可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为能量信息的测量方法；
步骤1106可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为覆盖范围重叠情况的确定方法；
步骤1110可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为基于NTN的通信方法。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，实现了NTN复用TN的工作频段，从而增加了NTN的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题，改善了NTN通信能力。
本实施例提供的方法还通过测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息，自主确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，减少了终端设备的工作负担，降低了终端设备的功耗。
上述实施例中，序号相同的步骤可以认为是同一步骤。其中，图5对应的实施例、图6对应的实施例、图7对应的实施例、图10对应的实施例、图11对应的实施例、图13对应的实施例和图14对应的实施例可以单独实施或组合实施，本申请对此不加以限定。
在一些实施例中，为了充分利用已有的TN频谱，可以在终端设备已有的硬件基础上实现与NTN卫星的通信。下面将分析几种典型场景：
(一)NTN覆盖区域在TN覆盖区域之外；
如图2所示，对于这种场景，NTN覆盖区域201处于TN覆盖区域202之外，比如位于海上，虽然TN与NTN使用相同的频率f传输信号，但是第一终端设备210对信号的发射与接收，以及NTN卫星120对信号的发射与接收和TN之间没有相互影响。那么，只需要NTN卫星120能够识别区域201，就可以在区域201与第一终端设备210采用跟TN相同的频率f进行通信。
(二)NTN覆盖区域与TN覆盖区域重叠，但终端设备处于TN覆盖区域之外；
如图3所示，对于这种场景，NTN的覆盖区域301包含了TN覆盖区域302(NTN小区通常要远大于TN小区的大小，一个NTN小区可能会和很多TN小区重叠)。第一终端设备210位于NTN的覆盖区域301之内，但位于TN覆盖区域302之外。这种场景下可能存在的干扰场景(如图3中虚线所示)包括：
2-1.第二终端设备220发射给地面基站140的上行信号，有可能会干扰NTN卫星120接收来自第一终端设备210的上行信号；
2-2.NTN卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号，有可能会干扰第二终端设备220接收来自地面基站140的下行信号。
(三)NTN覆盖区域与TN覆盖区域重叠，且终端设备处于TN覆盖区域之内；
如图4所示，对于这种场景，NTN覆盖区域401与TN覆盖区域402重叠，与NTN卫星120通信的第一终端设备210处于TN覆盖区域402之内，可能的干扰有：
3-1.第一终端设备210发射给NTN卫星120的上行信号，有可能会干扰地面基站140接收第二终端设备220的上行信号；
3-2.地面基站140发射给第二终端设备220的下行信号，有可能会干扰第一终端设备210接收NTN卫星120的下行信号；
3-3.第二终端设备220发射给地面基站140的上行信号，有可能会干扰NTN卫星120接收第一终端设备210的上行信号；
3-4.NTN卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号，有可能会干扰第二终端设备220接收地面基站140的下行信号。
下面介绍解决方案：
一、对于上述场景，NTN卫星需要判断在一个波束覆盖范围内是否与TN覆盖区域重叠；
方式1：由终端设备上报其是否处于目标频率的TN基站的覆盖区域，并上报给NTN卫星；
比如终端设备测量TN基站的下行信号强度来判断其所处位置的TN覆盖情况，当测量到的信号强度高于一定门限时，可以认为终端设备处于TN覆盖内，反之认为处于TN覆盖外。
对于终端设备所处位置的目标频率的TN覆盖指示信息上报，引入一个“目标频率的TN覆盖指示”：
该指示信息内容可以为：处于目标频率的TN覆盖内、处于目标频率的TN覆盖外；
或者该指示信息内容可以为：有目标频率的TN覆盖、无目标频率的TN覆盖。
NTN卫星收到终端设备的目标频率的TN覆盖指示信息后，就可以判断当前终端设备的所处位置是否可以采用目标频率进行通信。但问题在于NTN卫星的覆盖范围通常会很大，这就导致其频率的使用需要考虑更多终端设备的情况，也即需要确定在一个较大的范围内(NTN卫星一个波束在地面上的覆盖范围)是否有TN覆盖，本申请实施例中，覆盖范围与覆盖区域表示的意思相同。
为了解决这个问题，NTN卫星需要知道当前终端设备的地理位置信息。这个信息可以是终端设备在上报TN覆盖指示信息时，将其地理位置信息一并上报给NTN卫星。NTN卫星从而可以统计更多终端设备测量并上报的TN覆盖情况，确定在一个NTN卫星波束覆盖范围内的终端设备处于图2、图3、图4中的哪种场景。
方式2：由NTN卫星测量目标频率上的能量信息；
这种方式是NTN卫星直接测量目标区域(通常为一个波束覆盖范围)内在目标频率上的能量信息。当测量到的能量信息高于一定门限A时，则认为在该区域内存在TN。这种方式可以区分出图2所示的场景，可能无法区分图3和图4具体是哪种情况。
另外，在下述NTN与TN频率复用方法的方法2中，定义了NTN复用窗口。在NTN复用窗口内，考虑到可能会有多个NTN系统/卫星去竞争频率使用权利，因此当NTN卫星测量到目标区域在目标频率上的能量超过一定门限B时(B可以等于或不等于A)，意味着可能会有其它NTN卫星通信在占用该目标频率。这时可以采用等待一段时间后再次检测在NTN复用窗口内的能量信息的方法(再次检测能量时的NTN复用窗口可以是上次检测能量的NTN复用窗口，或其它的NTN复用窗口)。当能量信息低于门限C时(C可以等于或不等于B)，NTN卫星可以使用该目标频率进行通信。
当然，对于图3来说，只要NTN卫星调整其波束的宽度就可以将图3的重叠覆盖场景变换为图2的不重叠覆盖场景。
二、NTN与TN频率复用方法；
方法1：NTN复用TN上下行频率；
对于这种方法，多适用于图2所示的NTN覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围不重叠的情况。
通常NTN为了增加覆盖面积，会采用宽波束来进行覆盖，这会使得NTN覆盖范围会跟很多的TN覆盖范围重叠，导致NTN难以直接复用TN的上下行频率。为了解决这个问题，可以采用的方式是NTN采用多个窄波束进行地面覆盖，来减少NTN覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围重叠的可能性。
如图12所示，当NTN卫星120采用宽波束时可以实现更大的覆盖(区域301)，这时候其覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围(区域302)发生了重叠。尽管第一终端设备210此时实际是在TN覆盖范围之外，但是如果NTN卫星120用宽波束跟第一终端设备210进行通信，则会导致对TN的下行干扰。
而当NTN卫星120采用多个窄波束来实现这片区域的覆盖时，通过上述“NTN卫星需要判断在一个波束覆盖范围内是否与TN覆盖区域重叠”中的方式，NTN卫星120可以通过采用波束3来实现与第一终端设备210在目标频率上的双向通信。
方法2：NTN在第一时间窗口内复用TN上下行频率；
这种方法，可以适用于包括图3和图4所示的NTN覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围重叠的场景。
当NTN卫星确定当前覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围有重叠，且服务的终端设备部分或全部处于TN覆盖范围之内时，如果采用相同的目标频率则会带来同频干扰问题。因此，一种可能的方式是采用TDM来进行目标频率的复用。
对于TDM的工作模式，可以为仅在上行频率定义NTN工作窗口(第一时间窗口)，或者仅在下行频率定义NTN工作窗口，或在上行和下行同时定义NTN工作窗口(这个窗口可以是上下行采用相同的窗口配置，也可以上行和下行采用不同的窗口配置)。如图9所示，第一时间窗口910可以是周期性配置的，配置参数包括窗口长度T1以及窗口周期T等。该配置可以是由TN基站配置的，也可以是预定义的。
方法3：NTN仅复用TN上行频率；
当NTN卫星确定当前覆盖范围跟TN覆盖范围有重叠，但服务的终端设备都处于TN覆盖范围之外，例如图8所示的情况。那么，NTN卫星可以仅复用目标上行频率fUL(当为FDD频段时)，或者采用目标频率对应的上行时隙(当为TDD频段时)来跟第一终端设备210进行上行传输。对于下行传输可以采用其它频率，从而规避NTN卫星120发射给第一终端设备210的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的第二终端设备220的干扰。
这里没有进一步考虑第二终端设备220跟地面基站140通信时发射的上行信号对NTN卫星120的干扰，是因为通常情况下第一终端设备210采用一些上行增强方式，比如重复传输等来增加其信噪比，相比之下第二终端设备220发射的信号对于作为接收侧的NTN卫星120会比较弱。因此，这里认为第二终端设备220对NTN卫星120的接收干扰处于可控的范围内。
当然，也可以将上述方法2和方法3进行结合，这时候第一终端设备210采用目标上行频率fUL进行上行传输，在目标下行频率fDL采用第一时间窗口传输信号的方式进行下行传输。
三、终端设备在目标频率接入NTN卫星的方法；
当NTN卫星确定在某个波束上可以复用TN的目标下行频率fDL时，NTN卫星在该频率上广播系统信息，供终端设备读取系统信息以及接入该NTN。
当NTN卫星在某个波束上只能复用TN的目标上行频率fUL时，终端设备无法读取到NTN卫星广播的系统消息。此时，可以采取两种方式：
方式1：NTN卫星通过卫星系统专用频率，将目标上行频率fUL配置给终端设备，进而终端设备按照配置在目标上行频率fUL发射上行信号；
方式2：预定义一个目标频率上的资源池，当终端设备检测到其位于目标频率的TN覆盖范围之外，且终端设备检测不到NTN卫星广播的系统消息时，终端设备尝试在NTN卫星经过该区域的时间内，在资源池上发射上行信号。
图15示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的终端侧通信装置的框图，该装置可以通过软件或硬件或两者的结合实现成为终端设备，或实现成为终端设备的一部分，该装置包括传输模块1510，其中，传输模块1510的功能通过终端设备中的接收器或发射器实现。
传输模块1510，用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在目标频率传输，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
其中，TN频谱表示TN中的频率分布曲线，NTN信号表示可以在NTN中传输的信号。
NTN卫星通过复用TN频谱，在属于TN频谱范围内的目标频率上与终端侧通信装置传输NTN信号，增加了NTN卫星的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，目标频率包括：
目标上行频率；或，
目标下行频率；或，
目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在FDD场景中，目标频率包括目标上行频率或目标下行频率；在TDD场景中，目标频率包括目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在终端侧通信装置位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，目标频率包括目标上行频率。在此情况下，NTN卫星仅复用目标上行频率与第一终端侧通信装置进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率，地面基站与第二终端侧通信装置采用目标频率传输信号。通过仅复用目标上行频率的方法，规避NTN卫星发射给第一终端侧通信装置的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的第二终端侧通信装置的干扰。
由于通常情况下，第一终端侧通信装置会采用一些上行增强方式，例如重复传输来增加其信噪比，相比之下第二终端侧通信装置发射给地面基站的上行信号对于NTN卫星来说较弱，所以没有进一步考虑第二终端侧通信装置发射的上行信号对NTN卫星的干扰，认为该干扰处于可控范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
其中，第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
由于NTN与TN采用相同的目标频率可能会带来同频干扰问题，因此采用TDM。其中，用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口与用于传输TN信号的第二时间窗口独立。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
第一时间窗口可以仅在上行频率中配置，也可以仅在下行频率中配置，还可以同时在上行频率和下行频率中配置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口相同；或，
在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口不同。
该时间窗口可以是由TN基站配置的，也可以是预定义的。其中，时间窗口可以是周期性配置的，配置参数包括窗口长度、窗口周期等参数。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在终端侧通信装置位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，时域单元包括目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
在此设计中，NTN卫星仅复用上行时隙与终端侧通信装置进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率或其它时隙，从而规避NTN卫星发射给终端侧通信装置的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的其它终端侧通信装置的干扰。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，终端侧通信装置采用目标上行频率进行上行传输，采用在下行频率中配置的第一时间窗口进行下行传输。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，还用于发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端侧通信装置是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，第一指示信息用于指示终端侧通信装置所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一指示信息的内容可以为：处于目标频率的TN覆盖内、处于目标频率的TN覆盖外；也可以为：有目标频率的TN覆盖、无目标频率的TN覆盖等内容。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，终端侧通信装置通过测量TN基站的下行信号强度判断终端侧通信装置所处位置的TN覆盖情况，从而发送第一指示信息，例如使用SSI、RSSI、RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、RSCP中的至少一种进行判断。
当测量到的信号强度高于或等于第一门限值时，认为终端侧通信装置所处位置有TN覆盖；当测量到的信号强度低于第一门限值时，认为终端侧通信装置所处位置没有TN覆盖。
示例性的，在通过测量RSSI判断终端侧通信装置所处位置的TN覆盖情况，第一门限值为-100分贝毫瓦的情况下，当测量到的RSSI为-50分贝毫瓦高于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端侧通信装置所处位置存在TN覆盖；当测量到的RSSI为-120分贝毫瓦低于-100分贝毫瓦时，认为终端侧通信装置所处位置不存在TN覆盖。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，还用于在发送第一指示信息的同时，发送终端侧通信装置的当前地理位置。
NTN卫星通过接收更多终端侧通信装置发送的第一指示信息和当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围内的各个终端侧通信装置的TN覆盖情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，还用于接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息；
其中，目标下行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在NTN卫星确定可以复用TN的目标下行频率的情况下，NTN卫星在该频率上广播NTN小区的系统信息，供终端侧通信装置读取系统信息以及接入NTN，终端侧通信装置接收该系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，还用于在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，目标上行频率用于发送上行信号；
其中，目标上行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在NTN卫星只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端侧通信装置无法读取到NTN卫星广播的系统信息，此时NTN卫星通过卫星系统专用频率将目标上行频率配置给终端侧通信装置，终端侧通信装置在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，还用于使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号；
其中，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1510，用于在终端侧通信装置处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且终端侧通信装置未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
终端侧通信装置在处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且未检测到NTN卫星广播系统信息的情况下，会在NTN卫星经过终端侧通信装置所在位置的时间内，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
在本实施例中，传输模块1510可以拆分为多个传输模块，例如第一传输模块，第二传输模块。第一传输模块用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，第二传输模块用于发送第一指示信息、接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息、在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置；或者第一传输模块用于发送第一指示信息、接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息、在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置，第二传输模块用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，本实施例对不同传输模块的功能不加以限定。
本实施例以一个传输模块1510进行举例说明，对传输模块1510的数量不加以限定。
传输模块1510的功能介绍，可以参考图7实施例中步骤710、图10实施例中的步骤701、步骤702和步骤705的内容。
图16示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的网络侧通信装置的框图，该装置可以通过软件或硬件或两者的结合实现成为NTN卫星，或实现成为NTN卫星的一部分，该装置包括传输模块1610、确定模块1620和测量模块1630，其中，传输模块1610的功能通过NTN卫星中的接收器或发射器实现，确定模块1620和测量模块1630的功能通过NTN卫星中的处理器实现。
传输模块1610，用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在目标频率传输，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
网络侧通信装置通过复用TN频谱，在属于TN频谱范围内的目标频率上与终端设备传输NTN信号，增加了网络侧通信装置的使用场景，解决了NTN可以使用的频段数量较少的问题。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，目标频率包括：
目标上行频率；或，
目标下行频率；或，
目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，目标频率包括目标上行频率。在此情况下，网络侧通信装置仅复用目标上行频率与第一终端设备进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率，地面基站与第二终端设备采用目标频率传输信号。通过仅复用目标上行频率的方法，规避网络侧通信装置发射给第一终端设备的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的第二终端设备的干扰。
由于通常情况下，第一终端设备会采用一些上行增强方式，例如重复传输来增加其信噪比，相比之下第二终端设备发射给地面基站的上行信号对于网络侧通信装置来说较弱，所以没有进一步考虑第二终端设备发射的上行信号对网络侧通信装置的干扰，认为该干扰处于可控范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号通过第一波束传输；或，
NTN信号通过至少一个第二波束传输，第二波束的覆盖范围小于第一波束的覆盖范围。
NTN为了增加覆盖范围，会采用宽波束(第一波束)进行覆盖，从而传输NTN信号。但是一个宽波束的覆盖范围会和许多的TN覆盖范围重叠，导致NTN难以直接复用TN的上下行频率，因此可以采用至少一个窄波束(第二波束)来传输NTN信号，减少NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的可能性。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
其中，第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
由于NTN与TN采用相同的目标频率可能会带来同频干扰问题，因此采用TDM。其中，用于传输NTN信号的第一时间窗口与用于传输TN信号的第二时间窗口独立。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
第一时间窗口可以仅在上行频率中配置，也可以仅在下行频率中配置，还可以同时在上行频率和下行频率中配置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口相同；或，
在上行频率和下行频率中配置的时间窗口不同。
该时间窗口可以是由TN基站配置的，也可以是预定义的。其中，时间窗口可以是周期性配置的，配置参数包括窗口长度、窗口周期等参数。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，时域单元包括目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
在此设计中，网络侧通信装置仅复用上行时隙与终端设备进行上行传输，下行传输可以采用其它频率 或其它时隙，从而规避网络侧通信装置发射给终端设备的下行信号对TN覆盖范围内的其它终端设备的干扰。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，确定模块1620，用于确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况；
传输模块1610，用于基于NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，基于第一指示信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。例如第一指示信息指示终端设备所处位置存在TN覆盖，网络侧通信装置确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，通过接收多个终端设备发送的第一指示信息来综合判断，从而确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，基于第一指示信息和终端设备的当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，用于在NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围不重叠的情况下，通过使用至少一个第二波束，在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号；
在NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，在第一时间窗口内发送或接收NTN信号，或，在目标频率发送或接收NTN信号；
其中，第二波束的覆盖范围小于NTN覆盖范围，第一时间窗口用于传输NTN信号，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，还用于接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖；
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一指示信息的内容可以为：处于目标频率的TN覆盖内、处于目标频率的TN覆盖外；也可以为：有目标频率的TN覆盖、无目标频率的TN覆盖等内容。
确定模块1620，用于基于第一指示信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，还用于在接收第一指示信息的同时，接收终端设备的当前地理位置；
确定模块1620，用于基于第一指示信息和终端设备的当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
网络侧通信装置通过接收更多终端设备发送的第一指示信息和当前地理位置，确定NTN覆盖范围内的各个终端设备的TN覆盖情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，测量模块1630，用于测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息，能量信息用于指示NTN覆盖范围是否与TN覆盖范围重叠；
确定模块1620，用于基于目标频率上的能量信息，确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在能量信息高于或等于第一阈值的情况下，NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围重叠；
在能量信息低于第一阈值的情况下，NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围不重叠。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，网络侧通信装置测量NTN覆盖范围(通常为第一波束的覆盖范围)内在目标频率上的能量信息，当测量的能量信息高于第二门限值时，认为NTN覆盖范围内存在TN。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，使用SSI、RSSI、SNR、RSRP、RSRQ、SINR、RSCP中的至少一种来表示能量信息，本申请实施例对表示能量信息的方式不加以限定，以SNR为例进行说明。示例性的，在第二门限值为20分贝的情况下，测量的能量信息为25分贝，高于第二门限值，认为覆盖范围内存在TN。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，还用于采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息；
其中，目标下行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在网络侧通信装置确定可以复用TN的目标下行频率的情况下，网络侧通信装置在该频率上广播NTN小区的系统信息，供终端设备读取系统信息以及接入NTN。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，还用于在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，上行配置包括目标上行频率，目标上行频率用于终端设备发送上行信号；
其中，目标上行频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在网络侧通信装置只能复用目标上行频率的情况下，终端设备无法读取到网络侧通信装置广播的系统信息，此时网络侧通信装置通过卫星系统专用频率将目标上行频率配置给终端设备，终端设备在目标上行频率上发送上行信号。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，还用于接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行 资源发送的上行信号；
其中，目标频率属于TN频谱范围内。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，传输模块1610，用于在终端设备处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送的上行信号。
终端设备在处于目标频率的TN覆盖外，且未检测到网络侧通信装置广播系统信息的情况下，会在网络侧通信装置经过终端设备所在位置的时间内，使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号。
在本实施例中，传输模块1610可以拆分为多个传输模块，例如第一传输模块，第二传输模块。第一传输模块用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，第二传输模块用于接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息、采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息、在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置；或者第一传输模块用于接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息、采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息、在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，第二传输模块用于在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，本实施例对不同传输模块的功能不加以限定。
本实施例以一个传输模块1610进行举例说明，对传输模块1610的数量不加以限定。
传输模块1610的功能介绍，可以参考图11实施例中步骤1110、图13实施例中的步骤1101、步骤1102和步骤1105的内容；
确定模块1620的功能介绍，可以参考图13实施例和图14实施例中的步骤1106的内容；
测量模块1630的功能介绍，可以参考图14实施例中的步骤1103的内容。
图17示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的终端设备或NTN卫星1700的结构示意图，包括：处理器1701、接收器1702、发射器1703、存储器1704和总线1705。
处理器1701包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，处理器1701通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及信息处理。在一些实施例中，处理器1701可用于实现上述确定模块1620和测量模块1630的功能和步骤。
接收器1702和发射器1703可以实现为一个通信组件，该通信组件可以是一块通信芯片，该通信组件可以称为收发器。在一些实施例中，接收器1702可用于实现上述传输模块1510和传输模块1610的功能和步骤，发射器1703可用于实现上述传输模块1510和传输模块1610的功能和步骤。
存储器1704通过总线1705与处理器1701相连。
存储器1704可用于存储至少一个指令，处理器1701用于执行该至少一个指令，以实现上述方法实施例中的各个步骤。
此外，存储器1704可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，易失性或非易失性存储设备包括但不限于：磁盘或光盘，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)，静态随时存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，SRAM)，只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，PROM)。
在一些实施例中，接收器1702独立进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器1701控制接收器1702进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器1701请求接收器1702进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器1701配合接收器1702进行信号/数据的接收。
在一些实施例中，发射器1703独立进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器1701控制发射器1703进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器1701请求发射器1703进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器1701配合发射器1703进行信号/数据的发送。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，该至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现上述各个方法实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序在处理器上运行时，使得终端设备或NTN卫星1700执行上述各个方法实施例提供的基于NTN的通信方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (41)

  1. 一种基于非地面网络NTN的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端设备执行，所述方法包括：
    在地面网络TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在目标频率传输，所述目标频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标频率包括：
    目标上行频率；或，
    目标下行频率；或，
    目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且所述TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，所述目标频率包括所述目标上行频率。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
    其中，所述第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，所述第一时间窗口用于传输所述NTN信号，所述第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
    在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
    在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述上行频率和所述下行频率中配置的所述时间窗口相同；或，
    在所述上行频率和所述下行频率中配置的所述时间窗口不同。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且所述TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，所述时域单元包括所述目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在发送所述第一指示信息的同时，发送所述终端设备的当前地理位置。
  12. 根据权利要求1至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收采用目标下行频率广播的NTN小区的系统信息；
    其中，所述目标下行频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  13. 根据权利要求1至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在卫星系统专用频率上接收上行配置，所述上行配置包括目标上行频率，所述目标上行频率用于发送上行信号；
    其中，所述目标上行频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  14. 根据权利要求1至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在地面网络TN频谱发送NTN信号，包括：
    使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号；
    其中，所述目标频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送上行信号，包括：
    在所述终端设备处于所述目标频率的TN覆盖外，且所述终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，使用所述目标频率的资源池中的所述上行资源发送所述上行信号。
  16. 一种基于非地面网络NTN的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由NTN卫星执行，所述方法包括：
    在地面网络TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在目标频率传输，所述目标频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标频率包括：
    目标上行频率；或，
    目标下行频率；或，
    目标上行频率和目标下行频率。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且所述TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，所述目标频率包括所述目标上行频率。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号通过第一波束传输；或，
    所述NTN信号通过至少一个第二波束传输，所述第二波束的覆盖范围小于所述第一波束的覆盖范围。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在第一时间窗口内传输；
    其中，所述第一时间窗口与第二时间窗口独立，所述第一时间窗口用于传输所述NTN信号，所述第二时间窗口用于传输TN信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时间窗口包括如下时间窗口中的至少一种：
    在上行频率中配置的时间窗口；
    在下行频率中配置的时间窗口。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述上行频率和所述下行频率中配置的所述时间窗口相同；或，
    在所述上行频率和所述下行频率中配置的所述时间窗口不同。
  24. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述NTN信号在目标频率对应的时域单元内传输。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，在终端设备位于TN覆盖范围外，且所述TN覆盖范围与NTN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，所述时域单元包括所述目标频率对应的上行时域单元。
  26. 根据权利要求16至25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况；
    所述在TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号，包括：
    基于所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，在所述TN频谱发送或接收所述NTN信号。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，在所述TN频谱发送或接收所述NTN信号，包括：
    在所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围不重叠的情况下，通过使用至少一个第二波束，在所述TN频谱发送或接收所述NTN信号；
    在所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围重叠的情况下，在第一时间窗口内发送或接收所述NTN信号，或，在目标频率发送或接收所述NTN信号；
    其中，所述第二波束的覆盖范围小于所述NTN覆盖范围，所述第一时间窗口用于传输所述NTN信号， 所述目标频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收终端设备发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备是否处于目标频率的TN覆盖内，或，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备所在位置是否存在目标频率的TN覆盖；
    所述确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，包括：
    基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在接收所述第一指示信息的同时，接收所述终端设备的当前地理位置；
    所述基于所述第一指示信息，确定所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，包括：
    基于所述第一指示信息和所述终端设备的当前地理位置，确定所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
  30. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    测量NTN覆盖范围内在目标频率上的能量信息，所述能量信息用于指示所述NTN覆盖范围是否与所述TN覆盖范围重叠；
    所述确定NTN覆盖范围与TN覆盖范围的重叠情况，包括：
    基于所述目标频率上的能量信息，确定所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围的重叠情况。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述能量信息高于或等于第一阈值的情况下，所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围重叠；
    在所述能量信息低于所述第一阈值的情况下，所述NTN覆盖范围与所述TN覆盖范围不重叠。
  32. 根据权利要求16至25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    采用目标下行频率广播NTN小区的系统信息；
    其中，所述目标下行频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  33. 根据权利要求16至25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在卫星系统专用频率上发送上行配置，所述上行配置包括目标上行频率，所述目标上行频率用于终端设备发送上行信号；
    其中，所述目标上行频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  34. 根据权利要求16至25任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在地面网络TN频谱接收NTN信号，包括：
    接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送的上行信号；
    其中，所述目标频率属于所述TN频谱范围内。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收终端设备使用目标频率的资源池中的上行资源发送的上行信号，包括：
    在所述终端设备处于所述目标频率的TN覆盖外，且所述终端设备未检测到NTN小区的系统信息的情况下，接收所述终端设备使用所述目标频率的资源池中的所述上行资源发送的所述上行信号。
  36. 一种终端侧通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    传输模块，用于在地面网络TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
  37. 一种网络侧通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    传输模块，用于在地面网络TN频谱发送或接收NTN信号。
  38. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括：
    处理器；
    与所述处理器相连的收发器；
    用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如权利要求1至15任一所述的基于非地面网络NTN的通信方法。
  39. 一种非地面网络NTN卫星，其特征在于，所述NTN卫星包括：
    处理器；
    与所述处理器相连的收发器；
    用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如权利要求16至35任一所述的基于NTN的通信方法。
  40. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，所述至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如权利要求1至35任一所述的基于非地面网络NTN的通信方法。
  41. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，所述计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，处理器从所述计算机可读存储介质中获取所述计算机指令，所述处理器执行所述计算机指令以实现如权利要求1至35任一所述的基于非地面网络NTN的通信方法。
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