WO2025007845A1 - 编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备 - Google Patents

编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025007845A1
WO2025007845A1 PCT/CN2024/103007 CN2024103007W WO2025007845A1 WO 2025007845 A1 WO2025007845 A1 WO 2025007845A1 CN 2024103007 W CN2024103007 W CN 2024103007W WO 2025007845 A1 WO2025007845 A1 WO 2025007845A1
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Prior art keywords
bits
sequence
information
component
channel capacity
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任妍
徐荣池
白宝明
姚健
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an encoding method, a decoding method, an apparatus and a communication device.
  • channel coding technology is a key technology in mobile communication systems, which is used to reduce the interference of additive noise on the channel, thereby reducing the bit error rate and improving the reliability of information transmission.
  • Polar code is the first channel coding that has been proven to reach the capacity limit.
  • Polar code is a linear block code, and its generator matrix is a Hadamard-like matrix constructed based on the channel polarization phenomenon.
  • the main idea of Polar code is to expand the polarization kernel matrix using the Kronecker product, and use the expansion matrix to merge the sub-channels, and then split the merged vector channel in order, so that the channel polarization will occur for the binary channel before the combination. This phenomenon causes the split channel to produce two-level differentiation: one part will become a pure noise channel with a capacity approaching 0; the other part will become a noiseless channel with a capacity approaching 1.
  • the information bits to be transmitted are loaded on the channel with a capacity approaching 1, and the channel with a capacity approaching 0 is not used, thereby completing the reliable transmission of information.
  • Polar code construction methods are mainly divided into two types: offline and online. Among them, the offline construction is independent of channel conditions. For example, the construction method based on polarization weight (PW), that is, the protocol predefines the reliability ranking of each bit of the polarization encoder, that is, the construction sequence or polarization sequence (polar sequence), and then constructs the information bit set and frozen bit set of the polarization encoder based on the construction sequence.
  • PW polarization weight
  • the relevant channel coding method only considers the reliability of each input bit of the polarization encoder, and the reliability of channel coding is poor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a coding method, a decoding method, an apparatus and a communication device, which can improve the reliability of channel coding.
  • a coding method comprising:
  • the first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol respectively, wherein: M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;
  • the first communication device divides the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;
  • the first communication device divides a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;
  • the first communication device determines the reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences;
  • the first communication device maps the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity ranking among the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences.
  • a coding device comprising:
  • a first determination module configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of the first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;
  • a first grouping module configured to divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;
  • a second grouping module configured to divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;
  • a second determining module is used to determine the reliability ranking between the T code word subsequences according to the column weights of the T code word subsequences;
  • a mapping module is used to map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order between the T subchannel groups and the reliability order between the T codeword subsequences.
  • a decoding method comprising:
  • the second communication device receives a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder;
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level;
  • the coding identifier is used to identify a coding modulation mode corresponding to the information sequence;
  • the second communication device decodes the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.
  • a decoding device comprising:
  • a receiving module is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding the information sequence by a polarization encoder.
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level;
  • the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence;
  • a decoding module is used to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.
  • a first communication device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be executed on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.
  • a first communication device comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to respectively determine the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, wherein M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; according to the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits are divided into T subchannel groups, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same; a codeword sequence of length N is divided into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding of an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; according to the column weight of the T codeword subsequences, a reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences is determined; according to the channel capacity ranking between the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking between the T codeword subse
  • a second communication device which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be executed on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.
  • a second communication device comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder;
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, the number of information bits of the polarization encoder, the number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, the code rate of the polarization encoder, the number of component codes, the coding length of the component codes, the number of information bits of the component codes, the number of frozen bits of the component codes, the code rate of the component codes, the modulation order, and the modulation and coding strategy MCS level;
  • the coding identifier is used to identify the coding modulation mode corresponding to the information sequence; and the processor is used to decode the modul
  • a coding and decoding system comprising: a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device can be used to execute the steps of the encoding method as described in the first aspect, and the second communication device can be used to execute the steps of the decoding method as described in the third aspect.
  • a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored.
  • the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.
  • a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the The processor is coupled, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.
  • a computer program/program product is provided, wherein the computer program/program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.
  • the codeword sequence is further divided into multiple codeword subsequences and the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences is determined, and the subchannels corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol are grouped according to the channel capacity and the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups is calculated, and then the mapping of the codeword subsequence to the subchannel group is implemented according to the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences and the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups, that is, the reliability of each bit of the codeword sequence and the channel capacity of each subchannel are comprehensively mapped to the mapping of each bit of the codeword sequence to the subchannel, which is conducive to mapping bits with high reliability to subchannels with large channel capacity, thereby improving the reliability of channel coding.
  • FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied;
  • FIG2 is a flow chart of an encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3a is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and the capacity of each sub-channel under 16-QAM provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG3 b is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and each sub-channel capacity under 64-QAM provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG3c is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and each sub-channel capacity under 256-QAM provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a 16-QAM-based coding modulation method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of channel capacity calculation provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the encoding method and uplink decoding algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a flowchart of a decoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a structural diagram of an encoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a structural diagram of a decoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is one of the structural diagrams of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a third structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by “first” and “second” are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited, for example, the first object can be one or more.
  • “or” in the present application represents at least one of the connected objects.
  • “A or B” covers three schemes, namely, Scheme 1: including A but not including B; Scheme 2: including B but not including A; Scheme 3: including both A and B.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or” relationship.
  • indication in this application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication).
  • a direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed, or request results in the sent indication;
  • an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the request result according to the judgment result.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • NR New Radio
  • 6G 6th Generation
  • FIG1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network side device 12.
  • the terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (Ultra-mobile Personal Computer, UMPC), a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR), a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (flight vehicle), a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a shipborne equipment, a pedestrian terminal (Pedestrian User Equipment, PUE), a smart home (a home appliance with wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer
  • Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc.
  • vehicle-mounted equipment can also be called vehicle-mounted terminals, vehicle-mounted controllers, vehicle-mounted modules, vehicle-mounted components, vehicle-mounted chips or vehicle-mounted units, etc. Need to say It is clear that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.
  • the base station may be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a Relay Base Station (RBS), a Serving Base Station (SBS), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a Basic Service Set (BSS), an Extended Service Set (ESS), a Home Node B (HNB), a Home Evolved Node B, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field.
  • NB Node B
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • gNB next generation Node B
  • NR Node B New Radio Node B
  • RBS Relay Base Station
  • SBS Serving Base Station
  • the base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.
  • the core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network nodes, core network functions, mobility management entity (Mobility Management Entity, MME), access mobility management function (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), session management function (Session Management Function, SMF), user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF), policy control function (Policy Control Function, PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (Policy and Charging Rules Function, PCRF), edge application service discovery function (Edge Application Server Discovery ...
  • MME mobility management entity
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • Policy Control Function Policy Control Function
  • PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
  • edge application service discovery function Edge Application Server Discovery ...
  • the first communication device of the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal or a network side device
  • the second communication device of the embodiment of the present application may be the above-mentioned network side device or terminal.
  • the first communication device is a terminal and the second communication device is a network side device; or, the first communication device is a network side device and the second communication device is a terminal; or, the above-mentioned first communication device is a first terminal and the above-mentioned second communication device is a second terminal, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be performed by a first communication device, as shown in FIG. 2, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 A first communication device determines the channel capacity of subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol respectively, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol.
  • the first modulation symbol may be any modulation symbol.
  • the number of bits of the first modulation symbol may be determined according to the modulation mode adopted, wherein the modulation mode may include but is not limited to phase shift keying (PSK), differential phase shift keying (DPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), minimum frequency shift keying (MSK), etc.
  • the QAM may include 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, etc.
  • the following embodiments of the present application are described by taking the modulation mode of 16-QAM as an example. In this case, the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is 4.
  • the subchannels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits can be understood as the subchannels corresponding to each of the above-mentioned M bits, wherein the subchannel corresponding to each bit can be understood as the equivalent subchannel corresponding to the bit.
  • the BIPCM channel can be regarded as consisting of M parallel equivalent subchannels, and the subchannels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits are the above-mentioned M equivalent subchannels.
  • the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits can be obtained by calculating the formula, or can be obtained by looking up the table, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 202 The first communication device divides the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same.
  • subchannels with the same channel capacity can be divided into the same subchannel group, and subchannels with different channel capacities can be divided into different subchannel groups, thereby obtaining T subchannel groups.
  • the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be divided into 2 groups; for 64-QAM, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be divided into 4 groups; for 256-QAM, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be divided into 8 groups.
  • Step 203 The first communication device divides a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T.
  • the above-mentioned information sequence may be any information sequence that needs to be transmitted, wherein the length of the above-mentioned information sequence may be any length.
  • the above-mentioned information sequence may be directly polarization-encoded to obtain a codeword sequence, or the above-mentioned information sequence may be firstly subjected to r-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) encoding, and then polarization-encoded to the information sequence after CRC encoding to obtain a codeword sequence.
  • CRC r-bit cyclic redundancy check
  • the value of the above-mentioned r may be related to the length of the codeword sequence (i.e., N) and the length of the information sequence. It can be understood that this embodiment does not limit the specific implementation method of polarization encoding of the information sequence.
  • the codeword sequence of length N is divided into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences.
  • the codeword sequence of length N can be serial-to-parallel converted to divide the codeword sequence into T codeword subsequences, wherein the length of each codeword sequence can be the same.
  • Step 204 The first communications device determines a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences.
  • the column weight of the codeword subsequence is negatively correlated with the reliability of the codeword subsequence, that is, the larger the column weight of the codeword subsequence, the lower its reliability, and correspondingly, the smaller the column weight of the codeword subsequence, the higher its reliability.
  • the reliability ranking between the above-mentioned T codeword subsequences can reflect the reliability relationship between the above-mentioned T codeword sequences.
  • the reliability ranking between the above-mentioned T codeword subsequences can be to sort the above-mentioned T codeword subsequences from high to low according to reliability, or to sort the above-mentioned T codeword subsequences from low to high according to reliability, etc.
  • Step 205 The first communication device maps the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity ordering among the T subchannel groups and the reliability ordering among the T codeword subsequences.
  • the channel capacity ranking among the T sub-channel groups may be used to reflect the size relationship of the channel capacities among the T sub-channel groups.
  • the channel capacity ranking among the T sub-channel groups may be to rank the T sub-channel groups from large to small according to the channel capacity, or to rank the T sub-channel groups from small to large according to the channel capacity, etc.
  • the channel capacity of the sub-channel group may refer to the channel capacity of the sub-channel within the sub-channel group.
  • the bits of the T codeword sub-sequences are respectively mapped to the sub-channels of the T sub-channel groups.
  • the codeword sub-sequence with higher reliability may be mapped to the sub-channel group with larger channel capacity to ensure the transmission reliability of the codeword sub-sequence with higher reliability.
  • the reliability ranking between two codeword subsequences is: ⁇ 2 > ⁇ 1
  • the channel capacity ranking of two subchannel groups is: C 1 >C 2
  • the bits of codeword subsequence 2 can be mapped to the subchannel of subchannel group 1
  • the bits of codeword subsequence 1 can be mapped to the subchannel of subchannel group 2
  • the bits of S codeword subsequences with the highest reliability ranking among T codeword subsequences can be mapped to the subchannels of S subchannel groups with the largest channel capacity among the T subchannel groups.
  • the mapping relationship between the above S codeword subsequences and the above S subchannel groups may not be limited.
  • the bits of the codeword subsequence with the highest reliability among the above S codeword subsequences can be mapped to the subchannel of the subchannel group whose channel capacity is not the largest among the above S subchannel groups, where S is a positive integer.
  • the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application further divides the codeword sequence into multiple codeword subsequences and determines the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences in the case of a codeword sequence obtained by polarization encoding the information sequence through the polarization encoder, and groups the subchannels corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol according to the channel capacity and calculates the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups, so that the bits of the codeword subsequence can be mapped to the subchannels of the subchannel group according to the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences and the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups. That is, the reliability of each bit of the codeword sequence and the channel capacity of each subchannel are comprehensively mapped to the subchannel, which is conducive to mapping bits with high reliability to subchannels with large channel capacity, thereby improving the reliability of channel coding.
  • the bits of the tth codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the tth subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, and t is a positive integer less than or equal to T.
  • the ratio of the first codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low in terms of reliability is The bits of the second codeword subsequence after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to the reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the second subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to the channel capacity, and so on.
  • a codeword subsequence with a higher reliability is mapped to a subchannel group with a larger channel capacity, so that the transmission reliability of the codeword subsequence with a higher reliability can be ensured.
  • the above steps 203 and 205 may be implemented by a pre-built interleaver.
  • the interleaver sorts the T subvectors from small to large according to column weight to obtain ⁇ 1 ′ ⁇ ′ 2 ⁇ ... ⁇ ′ T , and the reliability of the T subvectors is sorted as ⁇ 1 ′> ⁇ ′ 2 >...> ⁇ ′ T . It can be understood that the above ⁇ 1 ′ to ⁇ ′ T are ⁇ 1 to ⁇ T after being sorted from small to large according to column weight.
  • the above T sub-channel groups can be sorted from large to small according to the channel capacity, and the codeword sequence of length N is input into the above interleaver for interleaving, so as to achieve mapping of the highly reliable codeword bits to the high-capacity sub-channels.
  • the first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol respectively, including:
  • the first communication device calculates the total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol according to the code rate of the codeword sequence and the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;
  • the first communication device determines the channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits based on the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.
  • the code rate of the code word sequence can be determined according to the length of the information sequence and the length of the code word sequence.
  • the code rate of the code word sequence is equal to K/N, where K is the length of the information sequence and N is the length of the code word sequence, that is, the coding length of the polar encoder.
  • the first communication device can determine the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to M bits based on the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol. For example, the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to M bits can be determined based on a mapping relationship between the constructed total channel capacity and the subchannel capacity.
  • the first communications device determines, according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, including:
  • the first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol and a preset channel capacity mapping relationship;
  • the channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.
  • the above-mentioned channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.
  • the above-mentioned channel capacity mapping relationship can be a channel capacity table, and the channel capacity table can be as shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 When the total channel capacity is determined, the channel capacity of each subchannel can be obtained. For example, for 16-QAM, when the calculated total channel capacity is 3 bits per second, the channel capacity of subchannel 1 and subchannel 3 is 0.841 bits per symbol (bit/symbol), and the channel capacity of subchannel 2 and subchannel 4 is 0.679bit/symbol.
  • the channel capacity of each sub-channel can be queried based on the total channel capacity in the channel capacity table that is closest to the calculated total channel capacity. For example, when the calculated total channel capacity is 3 bits/symbol, the total channel capacity in the channel capacity table that is closest to this value is 3.041374 bits/symbol, and the channel capacity of each sub-channel can be queried based on 3.041374.
  • Monte Carlo simulation can be used to draw a simulation curve of the total channel capacity and a simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity, for example, as shown in Figures 3a to 3c, wherein Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 16-QAM, Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 64-QAM, and Figure 3c is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 256-QAM.
  • Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 16-QAM
  • Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 64-QAM
  • Figure 3c is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve
  • the first modulation symbol is represented as Each first modulation symbol contains M bits, which are called constellation point labels. (label).
  • b j (x) denote the jth bit of the label in the first modulation symbol, where 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M.
  • the BIPCM channel can be regarded as consisting of M parallel equivalent subchannels, and b j (x) denotes the input of each equivalent subchannel.
  • It represents the set of constellation points whose number is q at the jth position, that is:
  • the capacity of the jth subchannel can be calculated as follows:
  • Y represents the channel output symbol set
  • X represents the channel transition probability
  • the channel capacity of each subchannel can be calculated based on the above calculation formula, and then the simulation curve of each subchannel capacity can be drawn, and the total channel capacity is the sum of the channel capacities of the above subchannels.
  • the above channel capacity table can be generated based on the above simulation curves of the total channel capacity and the capacities of each subchannel.
  • This embodiment determines the channel capacity of each sub-channel according to a preset channel capacity mapping relationship, which is not only convenient to implement but also can ensure the accuracy of the obtained channel capacity of each sub-channel.
  • the method before the first communication device divides the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, the method further includes:
  • the first communication device calculates, according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder;
  • the first communication device calculates the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding code rate;
  • the first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits;
  • the first communications device determines, according to the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder;
  • the first communication device performs polarization encoding according to the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.
  • the coding lengths of the T component codes may be the same, that is, the length or coding length of each component code is N/T.
  • the first component code among the T component codes may correspond to the 1st to N/Tth bits of the polarization encoder
  • the second component code among the T component codes may correspond to the N/T+1th to 2*N/Tth bits of the polarization encoder
  • the i-th component code among the T component codes may correspond to the (i-1)*N/T+1th to i*N/Tth bits of the polarization encoder, and so on, where i is a positive integer less than or equal to T.
  • the number of information bits corresponding to each of the above component codes may be the integer of the product of the length of each component code and the code rate. It can be understood that the sum of the number of information bits corresponding to all code components is equal to the length of the above information sequence.
  • this embodiment performs code rate allocation according to component codes, and performs sequence construction on the component codes respectively. Furthermore, the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder are determined according to the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to all the component codes, so as to implement polarization coding of the information sequence. This can not only improve the flexibility of sequence construction, but also reduce the complexity of sequence construction.
  • the first communications device calculates, according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, a code rate corresponding to each component code of the T component codes of the polar code, including:
  • the first communication device calculates the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits;
  • the first communication device calculates a code rate corresponding to the first component code according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.
  • the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to M bits can be inversely interleaved, that is, the opposite channel transformation of steps 203 to 205 can be performed to obtain the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel corresponding to the output end side of the polar encoder.
  • the superscript of C indicates the subchannel capacity number corresponding to different bit layers, and the subscript indicates the number of transformation layers.
  • the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the 4 bits is (0.841, 0.679, 0.841, 0.679), then the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the 4 bits is inversely interleaved, and the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel corresponding to the output side of the polar encoder is (0.679, 0.841, 0.679, 0.841).
  • the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes can be calculated based on the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel corresponding to the output side of the polar encoder.
  • the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to T component codes can be calculated using the following calculation formula:
  • i is a positive integer.
  • the code rate of the component code can be calculated based on the channel capacity of all sub-channels corresponding to each classification code.
  • the code rate of each component code can be calculated based on the following calculation formula:
  • This embodiment calculates the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the T component codes according to the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the M bits, and calculates the code rate corresponding to each component code according to the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the component code. This ensures that the code rate of each component code can more accurately match the channel capacity of its corresponding sub-channel, thereby improving the reliability of coding.
  • the first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits, including:
  • the first communication device determines a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code according to the length of the second component code, wherein:
  • the constructed sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence whose bit index is less than L in the preset constructed sequence, where L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes;
  • the first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the second component code according to a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, a polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indexes is greater than a polarization weight of a bit index other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes bit indexes other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.
  • the above-mentioned preset construction sequence includes bit index
  • the corresponding polarization weight is
  • the bit index may also be referred to as a bit number, which is used to indicate the position of a bit.
  • the preset construction sequence may be as shown in Table 2 (parameter A in Table 2 refers to the polarization weight Parameter B refers to the bit index ).
  • the construction sequence corresponding to each of the above-mentioned component codes may be a sequence whose bit index is less than L in the above-mentioned preset construction sequence.
  • a sequence whose bit index is 0 to 511 may be obtained from the construction sequence shown in Table 2 as the construction sequence corresponding to the above-mentioned two component codes, that is, the construction sequences corresponding to the above-mentioned two component codes are the same, and are both sequences whose bit index is 0 to 511 in the construction sequence shown in Table 2.
  • the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to each component code may be determined based on the construction sequence corresponding to each component code, wherein the k bit indexes with the largest polarization weight in the construction sequence corresponding to each component code are determined as information bits; and the bit indexes of the construction sequence corresponding to each component code other than the above-mentioned k bit indexes are determined as frozen bits.
  • the first communications device determines, according to the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polarization code, including:
  • the first communication device determines a first frozen bit set and a first information bit set corresponding to each component code of the T component codes, respectively, wherein the first frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code of the T component codes includes the i-th component code.
  • the first information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code includes the bit index obtained by increasing each bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, where L is the length of the i-th component code and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
  • the first communication device combines the first frozen bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain the frozen bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder, and combines the first information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain the information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder.
  • each component code takes the sequence with the first L bits in the above-mentioned preset construction sequence as the corresponding construction sequence, it is necessary to adjust the index of the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the component code, that is, to increase the bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, and to increase the bit index of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L.
  • bit index of its corresponding frozen bit set and the bit index of its corresponding information bit set remain unchanged; for the 1st component code, the bit index of its corresponding frozen bit set and the bit index of its corresponding information bit set are both increased by 512.
  • the adjusted frozen bit sets (i.e., the first frozen bit sets) of all component codes may be merged to obtain the frozen bit sets of all codewords (i.e., the frozen bit sets corresponding to the polarization encoders), and the adjusted information bit sets (i.e., the first information bit sets) of all component codes may be merged to obtain the information bit sets of all codewords (i.e., the information bit sets corresponding to the polarization encoders).
  • the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is determined according to the modulation method adopted.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the first communication device sends a modulation symbol sequence and first information
  • the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence;
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a channel coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level;
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • the modulation symbol sequence may be obtained by modulating the codeword sequence processed through steps 203 to 205.
  • the codeword sequence processed through steps 203 to 205 is converted into the modulation symbol sequence through Gray mapping.
  • the channel coding identifier is used to identify the coding method corresponding to the information sequence.
  • the channel coding identifier may indicate that the coding method corresponding to the information sequence is the coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the coding length of the polarization encoder is N.
  • the number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder is the length of the information sequence.
  • the number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder may be, for example, the difference between the coding length of the polarization encoder and the number of information bits.
  • the code rate of the polarization encoder is the code rate of the codeword sequence.
  • the number of component codes is T.
  • the coding length of the component code may also be referred to as the length of the component code, for example, N/T.
  • the number of frozen bits of the component code may be, for example, The difference between the coding length of the component code and the number of information bits of the component code.
  • the above modulation order that is, the number of bits M of the above first modulation symbol.
  • the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: Perform polar coding and output a codeword sequence of length N Codeword sequence Perform a serial-to-parallel conversion to obtain two codeword subsequences, namely t1 and t2. Sort the two codeword subsequences in descending order of reliability, and perform a parallel-to-serial conversion on the sorted two codeword sub-inputs to obtain Will Through the signal mapper, the signal x is obtained.
  • Step a1 For 16-QAM modulation, each modulation symbol contains 4 bits.
  • the code rate is 3
  • Step a2 Perform 16-bit CRC encoding on the information sequence with a length of 768, and then perform polarization encoding through a Polar encoder to obtain a codeword sequence with a code length of 1024, that is, a Polar code.
  • determining the information bit set and the frozen bit set corresponding to the Polar encoder may include the following steps:
  • Step a21 The channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel corresponding to each modulation symbol is (0.841, 0.679, 0.841, 0.679).
  • the equivalent subchannel capacity is inversely interleaved by ⁇ ⁇ 1 to obtain the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel (0.679, 0.841, 0.679, 0.841), as shown in FIG5 .
  • Step a22 Calculate the capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the component code using the following calculation formula:
  • Step a23 Calculate the code rate of each component code according to the subchannels contained in the component code.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • Step a24 calculate the number of information bits corresponding to the component code according to R j :
  • Step a25 For each component code, take a sequence with an index less than the component code length 512 from the preset construction sequence as the construction sequence corresponding to the component code, and determine the information bit set and frozen bit set corresponding to each component code according to the construction sequence and the number of information bits corresponding to each component code.
  • Step a26 index-adjust and merge the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to the component codes to obtain the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to all codewords, that is, the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to the polar encoder.
  • Step a3 interleave the codeword sequence of length N through an interleaver to obtain an interleaved codeword sequence.
  • the processing of the interleaver includes the following steps:
  • Step a32 sort the sub-vectors from small to large according to column weight, and obtain ⁇ 1 ′ ⁇ ′ 2 .
  • Step a4 The interleaved codeword sequence enters modulation to obtain a modulation symbol sequence and transmit it.
  • the horizontal axis represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission channel
  • the vertical axis represents the block error rate (BLER) of the transmission.
  • the solid line represents the BLER curve of the coding method (also referred to as the optimized coding modulation scheme) provided in the embodiment of the present application
  • the dotted line represents the BLER curve of the 5G uplink CRC-assisted serial cancellation list (CRC-Aided Successive Cancellation List, CA-SCL) decoding method.
  • CA-SCL 5G uplink CRC-assisted serial cancellation list
  • the coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application has a gain of about 0.5dB over the 5G uplink CA-SCL decoding method.
  • the coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application can group the bit subchannels according to the capacity of the BIPCM modulation system, and in combination with the interleaver, transmit the grouped highly reliable codewords in the bit subchannels with large symbol corresponding capacity, thereby aggravating the polarization effect and reducing the bit error rate and bit error rate.
  • the code rate is allocated by grouping, and the component codes are sequenced separately, retaining the linear computational complexity of the offline construction, while expanding the maximum code length of 1024 to M*1024, so as to achieve performance improvement without much increase in complexity.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a decoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be performed by the second communication device, as shown in FIG. 7, including the following steps:
  • Step 701 A second communication device receives a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; and the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, and a bit rate of the polarization encoder.
  • modulation symbol sequence and the first information in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned encoding method embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.
  • Step 702 The second communication device decodes the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.
  • the second communication device may decode the modulation symbol sequence based on the first information. For example, when the encoding method corresponding to the encoding identifier indication information sequence is the encoding method shown in FIG. 2, the second communication device may perform inverse interleaving processing on the sequence obtained after demodulating the modulation symbol sequence (that is, a processing process opposite to steps 203 to 205), and determine an information bit set and a frozen bit set according to the code rate of the polar encoder, the code rates of each component code, the modulation order, etc., and decode the codeword sequence after the inverse interleaving processing based on the determined information bit set and the frozen bit set to obtain the information sequence.
  • the encoding method corresponding to the encoding identifier indication information sequence is the encoding method shown in FIG. 2
  • the second communication device may perform inverse interleaving processing on the sequence obtained after demodulating the modulation symbol sequence (that is, a processing process opposite to steps 203 to 205), and determine an information bit set and
  • the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be executed by an encoding device, or a control module in the encoding device for executing the encoding method.
  • the encoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the encoding device executing the encoding method as an example.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a coding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the coding device 800 includes:
  • a first determination module 801 configured to respectively determine the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;
  • a first grouping module 802 is configured to group the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;
  • a second grouping module 803 is configured to divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;
  • a second determining module 804 is configured to determine a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences;
  • the mapping module 805 is used to map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order among the T subchannel groups and the reliability order among the T codeword subsequences.
  • the bits of the t-th codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the t-th subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, where t is A positive integer less than or equal to T.
  • the first determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is determined according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.
  • the first determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.
  • the device further comprises:
  • a first calculation module configured to calculate a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits before dividing the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences;
  • a second calculation module used to calculate the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding code rate;
  • a third determination module is used to determine the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits;
  • a fourth determining module configured to determine a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder according to the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes
  • the encoding module is configured to perform polarization encoding according to a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.
  • the first calculation module is specifically used to:
  • the code rate corresponding to the first component code is calculated according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.
  • the third determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence whose bit index is less than L in a preset construction sequence, L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes;
  • the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indexes is greater than the polarization weight corresponding to the second component code.
  • the polarization weights of the bit indices other than the k bit indices in the corresponding construction sequence, the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes the bit indices other than the k bit indices in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.
  • the fourth determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the first frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code of the T component codes includes a bit index obtained by increasing each bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L
  • the first information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code includes a bit index obtained by increasing each bit index of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, where L is the length of the i-th component code, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
  • the first frozen bit sets corresponding to the T component codes are combined to obtain a frozen bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder, and the first information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes are combined to obtain an information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder.
  • the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is determined according to the modulation method adopted.
  • the device further comprises:
  • a sending module used for sending a modulation symbol sequence and first information
  • the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence;
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level;
  • the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence.
  • the encoding device in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal or a network-side device, or may be a device other than a terminal or a network-side device.
  • the terminal may include but is not limited to the types of the terminal 11 listed above
  • the network-side device may include but is not limited to the types of the network-side device 12 listed above
  • other devices may be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the encoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of Figure 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a decoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the decoding device 900 includes:
  • the receiving module 901 is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; and the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component code, a number of information bits of the component code, a number of frozen bits of the component code, and a code rate of the component code.
  • Modulation order, modulation and coding strategy MCS level; the coding identifier is used to identify the coding method corresponding to the information sequence;
  • the decoding module 902 is used to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.
  • the decoding device in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal or a network-side device, or may be a device other than a terminal or a network-side device.
  • the terminal may include but is not limited to the types of the terminal 11 listed above
  • the network-side device may include but is not limited to the types of the network-side device 12 listed above
  • other devices may be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the decoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of Figure 7 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1000, including a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, wherein the memory 1002 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 1001.
  • the communication device 1000 is a first communication device
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect.
  • the communication device 1000 is a second communication device
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned decoding method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to respectively determine the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, wherein M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; according to the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits are divided into T subchannel groups, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same; a codeword sequence of length N is divided into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding of an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; according to the column weight of the T codeword subsequences, a reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences is determined; according to the channel capacity ranking between the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking between the T codeword subseque
  • the communication device embodiment corresponds to the first communication device side method embodiment described above, and each implementation process and implementation method of the method embodiment described above can be applied to the communication device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.
  • Figure 11 is a hardware structure diagram of a communication device implementing an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1100 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1101, a network module 1102, an audio output unit 1103, an input unit 1104, a sensor 1105, a display unit 1106, a user input unit 1107, an interface unit 1108, a memory 1109 and at least some of the components of a processor 1110.
  • the communication device 1100 may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components, and the power source may be logically connected to the processor 1110 through a power management system, so that the power management system can manage charging, discharging, and power consumption.
  • a power source such as a battery
  • the communication device structure shown in FIG. 11 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the input unit 1104 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 11041 and a microphone 11042, and the graphics processor 11041 processes the image data of the static picture or video obtained by the image capture device (such as a camera) in the video capture mode or the image capture mode.
  • the display unit 1106 may include a display panel 11061, and the display panel 11061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc.
  • the user input unit 1107 includes a touch panel 11071 and at least one of other input devices 11072.
  • the touch panel 11071 is also called a touch screen.
  • the touch panel 11071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 11072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as a volume control key, a switch key, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.
  • the RF unit 1101 can transmit the data to the processor 1110 for processing; in addition, the RF unit 1101 can send uplink data to the network side device.
  • the RF unit 1101 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.
  • the memory 1109 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data.
  • the memory 1109 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instruction required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.
  • the memory 1109 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDRSDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • DRRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • the processor 1110 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 1110 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to an operating system, a user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understandable that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1110.
  • the processor 1110 is configured to respectively determine the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, where the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same; divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is used to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder;
  • the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level;
  • the coding identifier is used to identify the coding modulation mode corresponding to the information
  • the communication device 1200 includes: an antenna 1201, a radio frequency device 1202, a baseband device 1203, a processor 1204 and a memory 1205.
  • the antenna 1201 is connected to the radio frequency device 1202.
  • the radio frequency device 1202 receives information through the antenna 1201 and sends the received information to the baseband device 1203 for processing.
  • the baseband device 1203 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 1202.
  • the radio frequency device 1202 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 1201.
  • the method executed by the communication device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 1203, which includes a baseband processor.
  • the baseband device 1203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 12, one of which is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1205 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1205 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device may also include a network interface 1206, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).
  • a network interface 1206, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • the communication device 1200 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1205 and executable on the processor 1204.
  • the processor 1204 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1205 to execute the method executed by each module shown in Figure 9 and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored.
  • a program or instruction is stored.
  • the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
  • the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program/program product, which is stored in a storage medium.
  • the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a coding and decoding system, including: a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 2 and the various method embodiments described above, and the second communication device is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 7 and the various method embodiments described above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备，属于通信技术领域，本申请实施例的编码方法包括：第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量；所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组；所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列；所述第一通信设备根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；所述第一通信设备根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。

Description

编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2023年07月06日提交的中国专利申请No.202310830311.X的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备。
背景技术
随着通信技术的不断发展，移动通信系统从最初的语音及文本信息，发展到现在面向万物智联的第六代(6th Generation，6G)移动通信系统。海量的物联网连接对当前稀有的频谱资源也提出了巨大挑战，高谱效低时延传输是当前通信需要面对的一个关键问题。其中，信道编码技术是移动通信系统中的一个关键技术，用于降低信道上加性噪声的干扰，从而降低误码率，提高信息传输的可靠度。
目前，极化(Polar)码是首个被证明可以达到容量限的信道编码，Polar码是线性分组码，其生成矩阵是基于信道极化现象构造得到的类哈达玛矩阵。Polar码的主要思想是将极化核矩阵使用克罗内克(Kronecker)积进行扩展，并使用扩展矩阵对各子信道进行合并，然后按照顺序对合并后的矢量信道进行分裂，则对于组合前的二进制信道会发生信道极化。该现象使分裂后的信道产生两级分化：一部分会变成容量趋于0的纯噪声信道；另一部分变成容量趋于1的无噪声信道。在编码时，将需要传输的信息位加载在容量趋于1的信道上，而容量趋近于0的信道不使用，从而完成信息的可靠传输。
此外，在移动通信系统中，编码调制是实现高谱效可靠传输的有效途径，面向Polar码编码调制系统，常见方案主要有两种，分别是多级Polar码编码调制(Multilevel Polar-coding，MLPC)和比特交织Polar码编码调制(Bit Interleaved Polar-coding，BIPCM)。Polar码的构造方式主要分为离线式和在线式两种。其中，离线式构造与信道条件无关，例如，基于极化重量(Polarization Weight，PW)的构造方式，即协议预定义极化编码器的各个比特位的可靠度排序，即构造序列或极化序列(polar sequence)，进而基于该构造序列构造极化编码器的信息比特位集合和冻结位集合。由此可见，相关的信道编码方式仅考虑了极化编码器的各个输入比特位的可靠性，信道编码的可靠性较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种编码方法、解码方法、装置及通信设备，能够提高信道编码的可靠性。
第一方面，提供了一种编码方法，该方法包括：
第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中， M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；
所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；
所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；
所述第一通信设备根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；
所述第一通信设备根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
第二方面，提供了一种编码装置，该装置包括：
第一确定模块，用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；
第一分组模块，用于根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；
第二分组模块，用于将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；
第二确定模块，用于根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；
映射模块，用于根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
第三方面，提供了一种解码方法，该方法包括：
第二通信设备接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码调制方式；
所述第二通信设备根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
第四方面，提供了一种解码装置，该装置包括：
接收模块，用于接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特 序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式；
解码模块，用于根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
第五方面，提供了一种第一通信设备，该第一通信设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
第六方面，提供了一种第一通信设备，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述处理器用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
第七方面，提供了一种第二通信设备，该第二通信设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第八方面，提供了一种第二通信设备，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码调制方式；所述处理器用于根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
第九方面，提供了一种编解码系统，包括：第一通信设备及第二通信设备，所述第一通信设备可用于执行如第一方面所述的编码方法的步骤，所述第二通信设备可用于执行如第三方面所述的解码方法的步骤。
第十方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十一方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述 处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，在将信息序列经极化编码器极化编码得到的码字序列的情况下，进一步将码字序列分成多个码字子序列并确定多个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，以及将调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道依据信道容量进行分组并计算多个子信道组之间的信道容量排序，进而依据多个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序和多个子信道组之间的信道容量排序实现码字子序列至子信道组的映射，也即综合了码字序列的各个比特的可靠度和各个子信道的信道容量进行码字序列的各个比特至子信道的映射，这样有利于将可靠度高的比特映射至信道容量大的子信道上，进而可以提高信道编码的可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例可应用的一种无线通信系统的框图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种编码方法的流程图；
图3a是本申请实施例提供的在16-QAM下总信道容量和各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图；
图3b是本申请实施例提供的在64-QAM下总信道容量和各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图；
图3c是本申请实施例提供的在256-QAM下总信道容量和各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的基于16-QAM的编码调制方式的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的信道容量计算的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的编码方法与上行译码算法的仿真结果的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种解码方法的流程图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种编码装置的结构图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种解码装置的结构图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的结构图之一；
图11是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的结构图之二；
图12是本申请实施例提供的通信设备的结构图之三。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本 领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”所区别的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，本申请中的“或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一。例如“A或B”涵盖三种方案，即，方案一：包括A且不包括B；方案二：包括B且不包括A；方案三：既包括A又包括B。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请的术语“指示”既可以是一个直接的指示(或者说显式的指示)，也可以是一个间接的指示(或者说隐含的指示)。其中，直接的指示可以理解为，发送方在发送的指示中明确告知了接收方具体的信息、需要执行的操作或请求结果等内容；间接的指示可以理解为，接收方根据发送方发送的指示确定对应的信息，或者进行判断并根据判断结果确定需要执行的操作或请求结果等。
值得指出的是，本申请实施例所描述的技术不限于长期演进型(Long Term Evolution，LTE)/LTE的演进(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)系统，还可用于其他无线通信系统，诸如码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)或其他系统。本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用，所描述的技术既可用于以上提及的系统和无线电技术，也可用于其他系统和无线电技术。以下描述出于示例目的描述了新空口(New Radio，NR)系统，并且在以下大部分描述中使用NR术语，但是这些技术也可应用于NR系统以外的系统，如第6代(6th Generation，6G)通信系统。
图1示出本申请实施例可应用的一种无线通信系统的框图。无线通信系统包括终端11和网络侧设备12。其中，终端11可以是手机、平板电脑(Tablet Personal Computer)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、掌上电脑、上网本、超级移动个人计算机(Ultra-mobile Personal Computer，UMPC)、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)设备、机器人、可穿戴式设备(Wearable Device)、飞行器(flight vehicle)、车载设备(Vehicle User Equipment，VUE)、船载设备、行人终端(Pedestrian User Equipment，PUE)、智能家居(具有无线通信功能的家居设备，如冰箱、电视、洗衣机或者家具等)、游戏机、个人计算机(Personal Computer，PC)、柜员机或者自助机等终端侧设备。可穿戴式设备包括：智能手表、智能手环、智能耳机、智能眼镜、智能首饰(智能手镯、智能手链、智能戒指、智能项链、智能脚镯、智能脚链等)、智能腕带、智能服装等。其中，车载设备也可以称为车载终端、车载控制器、车载模块、车载部件、车载芯片或车载单元等。需要说 明的是，在本申请实施例并不限定终端11的具体类型。网络侧设备12可以包括接入网设备或核心网设备，其中，接入网设备也可以称为无线接入网(Radio Access Network,RAN)设备、无线接入网功能或无线接入网单元。接入网设备可以包括基站、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)接入点(Access Point，AP)或无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)节点等。其中，基站可被称为节点B(Node B，NB)、演进节点B(Evolved Node B，eNB)、下一代节点B(the next generation Node B，gNB)、新空口节点B(New Radio Node B，NR Node B)、接入点、中继站(Relay Base Station，RBS)、服务基站(Serving Base Station，SBS)、基收发机站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、无线电基站、无线电收发机、基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)、扩展服务集(Extended Service Set，ESS)、家用B节点(home Node B，HNB)、家用演进型B节点(home evolved Node B)、发送接收点(Transmission Reception Point，TRP)或所述领域中其他某个合适的术语，只要达到相同的技术效果，所述基站不限于特定技术词汇，需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的基站为例进行介绍，并不限定基站的具体类型。
核心网设备可以包含但不限于如下至少一项：核心网节点、核心网功能、移动管理实体(Mobility Management Entity，MME)、接入移动管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)、会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)、策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)、策略与计费规则功能单元(Policy and Charging Rules Function，PCRF)、边缘应用服务发现功能(Edge Application Server Discovery Function，EASDF)、统一数据管理(Unified Data Management，UDM)、统一数据仓储(Unified Data Repository，UDR)、归属用户服务器(Home Subscriber Server，HSS)、集中式网络配置(Centralized network configuration，CNC)、网络存储功能(Network Repository Function，NRF)、网络开放功能(Network Exposure Function，NEF)、本地NEF(Local NEF，或L-NEF)、绑定支持功能(Binding Support Function，BSF)、应用功能(Application Function，AF)等。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的核心网设备为例进行介绍，并不限定核心网设备的具体类型。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例的第一通信设备可以是终端或网络侧设备，本申请实施例的第二通信设备可以是上述网络侧设备或终端，例如，第一通信设备为终端，第二通信设备为网络侧设备；或者，第一通信设备为网络侧设备，第二通信设备为终端；或者，上述第一通信设备为第一终端，上述第二通信设备为第二终端等。
下面结合附图，通过一些实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的编码方法进行详细地说明。
请参见图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的一种编码方法的流程图，该方法可以由第一通信设备执行，如图2所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤201、第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数。
本实施例中，上述第一调制符号可以是任意调制符号。上述第一调制符号的比特数可以根据采用的调制方式确定，其中，上述调制方式可以包括但不限于相移键控(Phase Shift Keying，PSK)、差分相移键控(Diffential Phase Shift Keying，DPSK)、四相相移键控(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK)、正交调幅(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM)、最小频域键控(Minimum Frequency Shift Keying，MSK)等。可选地，上述QAM可以包括16-QAM、64-QAM、256-QAM等。为了便于理解，本申请实施例以下以调制方式为16-QAM为例进行说明，在该情况下，第一调制符号的比特数为4。
上述M个比特位对应的子信道，可以理解为上述M个比特位的每个比特位对应的子信道，其中，每个比特位对应的子信道可以理解为该比特位对应的等效子信道。以BIPCM调制系统为例，BIPCM信道可以看作由M个并行的等效子信道组成，上述M个比特位对应的子信道即为上述M个等效子信道。上述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量可以通过公式计算得到，或者可以通过查表得到，本实施例对此不做限定。
步骤202、所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同。
本实施例中，可以将信道容量相同的子信道划分至同一子信道组，将信道容量不同的子信道划分至不同的子信道组，进而可以得到T个子信道组。示例性的，对于16-QAM，上述M个比特位对应的子信道可以分成2组；对于64-QAM，上述M个比特位对应的子信道可以分成4组；对于256-QAM，上述M个比特位对应的子信道可以分成8组。
步骤203、所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数。
本实施例中，上述信息序列可以是任意需要传输的信息序列，其中，上述信息序列的长度可以是任意长度。示例性的，可以是对上述信息序列直接进行极化编码得到码字序列，或者，可以是先对上述信息序列进行r比特的循环冗余校验(Cyclic Redundancy Check，CRC)编码，再对经CRC编码后的信息序列进行极化编码，得到码字序列。其中，上述r的取值可以与码字序列的长度(即N)和信息序列的长度相关。可以理解的是，本实施例对信息序列的极化编码的具体实现方式不做限定。
上述将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，示例性的，可以对上述长度为N的码字序列进行串并转换，以将码字序列分成T个码字子序列，其中，每个码字序列的长度可以相同。例如，长度为N的码字序列c＝(c1,c2,…,cN)，对该码字序列执行串并转换，得到T个码字子序列(c1,…,cT)＝(c1c1+T…c1+T*(N/T-1),…,cTc2T…cN)，其中，T个码字子序列中的第i个码字子序列ci＝(cici+T…ci+T*(N/T-1))，i为小于或等于T的正整数。
步骤204、所述第一通信设备根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序。
本实施例中，码字子序列的列重与码字子序列的可靠度负相关，也即码字子序列的列重越大，其可靠度越低，相应地，码字子序列的列重越小，其可靠度越高。上述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序可以反应上述T个码字序列之间的可靠度关系。例如，上述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，可以是将上述T个码字子序列按照可靠度从高到低进行排序，或者可以是将上述T个码字子序列按照可靠度从低到高进行排序等。
步骤205、所述第一通信设备根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
上述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序可以用于反应上述T个子信道组之间信道容量的大小关系。例如，上述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序，可以是将上述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小进行排序，或者可以是将上述T个子信道组按照信道容量由小到大进行排序等。需要说明的是，上述子信道组的信道容量可以是指该子信道组内的子信道的信道容量。
上述根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。示例性的，可以是将可靠度越高的码字子序列映射至信道容量越大的子信道组上，保证可靠度更高的码字子序列的传输可靠性。例如，2个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序为：π2＞π1，两个子信道组的信道容量排序为：C1＞C2，则可以将码字子序列2的比特映射至子信道组1的子信道上，将码字子序列1的比特映射至子子信道组2的子信道上；或者，可以将T个码字子序列中可靠度排序最高的S个码字子序列的比特映射至T个子信道组中信道容量最大的S个子信道组的子信道上，上述S个码字子序列与上述S个子信道组之间的映射关系可以不限定，例如，可以将上述S个码字子序列中可靠度最高的码字子序列的比特映射至上述S个子信道组中信道容量并不是最大的子信道组的子信道上，其中，S为正整数。
本申请实施例提供的编码方法，将信息序列经极化编码器极化编码得到的码字序列的情况下，进一步将码字序列分成多个码字子序列并确定多个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，以及将调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道依据信道容量进行分组并计算多个子信道组之间的信道容量排序，进而可以依据多个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序和多个子信道组之间的信道容量排序实现码字子序列的比特至子信道组的子信道的映射，也即综合了码字序列的各个比特的可靠度和各个子信道的信道容量进行码字序列的各个比特至子信道的映射，这样有利于将可靠度高的比特映射至信道容量大的子信道上，进而可以提高信道编码的可靠性。
可选地，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第t个码字子序列的比特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第t个子信道组的子信道上，t为小于或等于T的正整数。
示例性的，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第1个码字子序列的比 特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第1个子信道组的子信道上，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第2个码字子序列的比特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第2个子信道组的子信道上，以此类推。
本实施例中，将可靠度越高的码字子序列映射至信道容量越大的子信道组上，可以保证可靠度更高的码字子序列的传输可靠性。
在一些可选的实施例中，上述步骤203和步骤205可以通过预先构建的交织器实现。
示例性的，构建的交织器的输入比特序列为π＝(π1,π2,…,πN)，该交织器对输入比特序列执行串并转换，得到T个子向量(π1,…,πT)＝(π1π1+T…π1+T*(N/T-1),…,πTπ2T…πN)，其中，T个子向量中的第i个子向量πi＝(πiπi+T…πi+T*(N/T-1))，i为小于或等于T的正整数。该交织器对T个子向量按照列重由小到大排序，得到π1′＜π′2＜…＜π′T，T个子向量的可靠度排序为π1′＞π′2＞…＞π′T。可以理解的是，上述π1′至π′T为按照列重由小到大排序后的π1至πT。该交织器对排序后的T个子向量进行并串变换，使得高可靠的码字比特映射到高容量的子信道，得到交织器输出的比特序列，也即π″＝(π″1,…,π″T)，其中，上述π″1至π″T为执行并串变换后的π1′至π′T。可以理解的是，上述T个子信道组可以按照信道容量由大到小进行排序，将长度为N的码字序列输入上述交织器进行交织，可以实现将高可靠的码字比特映射到高容量的子信道。
可选地，所述第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，包括：
所述第一通信设备根据所述码字序列的码率和所述第一调制符号的比特数计算所述第一调制符号对应的总信道容量；
所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之和等于所述第一调制符号的总信道容量。
本实施例中，上述码字序列的码率可以根据信息序列的长度和码字序列的长度确定，例如，上述码字序列的码率等于K/N。其中，K为信息序列的长度；N为码字序列的长度，也即极化编码器的编码长度。
示例性的，上述第一调制符号对应的总信道容量可以为：C＝R×M，其中，C表示第一调制符号对应的总信道容量，R表示码字序列的码率，M为第一调制符号的比特数。
第一通信设备在确定第一调制符号的总信道容量的情况下，可以基于第一调制符号的总信道容量确定M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，例如，可以基于构建的总信道容量与子信道容量之间的映射关系确定M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量。
可选地，所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，包括：
所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量和预设的信道容量映射关系，确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量；
其中，所述信道容量映射关系为调制符号的总信道容量与调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之间的映射关系。
本实施例中，上述信道容量映射关系为调制符号的总信道容量与调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之间的映射关系，示例性的，上述信道容量映射关系可以是信道容量表，该信道容量表可以如表1所示，在确定总信道容量的情况下，可以得到各个子信道的信道容量，例如，对于16-QAM，在计算得到的总信道容量为3比特每秒的情况下，子信道1和子信道3的信道容量为0.841比特每符号(bit/symbol)，子信道2和子信道4的信道容量为0.679bit/symbol。可以理解的是，由于信道容量表的数据是不连续的，因此，在计算得到总信道容量的情况下，可以基于信道容量表中与所计算得到的总信道容量最接近的总信道容量查询各个子信道的信道容量，例如，在计算得到的总信道容量为3bit/symbol的情况下，信道容量表中与该值最接近的总信道容量为3.041374bit/symbol，则可以基于3.041374查询各个子信道的信道容量。
表1

示例性的，可以通过蒙特卡罗仿真以绘出总信道容量的仿真曲线以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线，例如，如图3a至图3c所示，其中，图3a为调制方式为16-QAM时总信道容量的仿真曲线以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图，图3b为调制方式为64-QAM时总信道容量的仿真曲线以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图,图3c为调制方式为256-QAM时总信道容量的仿真曲线以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的示意图。可选地，假设调制星座点集合X的大小为|X|＝2M，BIPCM方案中采用格雷映射，令f(·)表示映射规则，则第一调制符号表示为每个第一调制符号包含M比特，称M比特为星座点标号 (label)。令bj(x)表示第一调制符号中标号的第j位，其中1≤j≤M。该BIPCM信道可以看作是由M个并行等效子信道组成，bj(x)表示每个等效子信道的输入。令表示星座点标号在第j位时为q的集合，即：
其中，q∈{0,1}。此时第j个子信道容量可由下式计算：
其中，Y表示信道输出符号集合，PY|X表示信道转移概率，表示总信道概率，用于归一化，表示第j位的转移概率。具体的，在基于蒙特卡罗仿真的过程中，可以基于上述计算公式计算各个子信道的信道容量，进而可以绘制各个子信道容量的仿真曲线，而总信道容量为上述各个子信道的信道容量之和。在得到总信道容量以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线的情况下，可以基于上述总信道容量以及各个子信道容量的仿真曲线生成上述信道容量表。
本实施例根据预设的信道容量映射关系确定各个子信道的信道容量，不仅实现较为便捷，还可以保证所得到的各个子信道的信道容量的准确性。
可选地，所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列之前，所述方法还包括：
所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化编码器的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率；
所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的码率计算每个所述分量码对应的信息比特数；
所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
所述第一通信设备根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
所述第一通信设备根据所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行极化编码，得到所述码字序列。
本实施例中，上述T个分量码的编码长度可以相同，也即每个分量码的长度或编码长度均为N/T。示例性的，上述T个分量码中的第一个分量码可以对应极化编码器的第1至N/T的比特位，上述T个分量码中的第二个分量码可以对应极化编码器的第N/T+1至2*N/T的比特位，上述T个分量码中的第i个分量码可以对应极化编码器的第(i-1)*N/T+1至i*N/T的比特位，以此类推，i为小于或等于T的正整数。
上述各个分量码对应的信息比特数可以分别为各个分量码的长度与码率的乘积的取整。 可以理解的是，所有码分量对应的信息比特数之和等于上述信息序列的长度。
本实施例在序列构造的过程中，按照分量码进行码率分配，并分别对分量码进行序列构造，并根据所有分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，以实现对信息序列的极化编码，这样不仅可以提高序列构造的灵活性，还可以降低序列构造的复杂度。
可选地，所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化码的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率，包括：
所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量；
所述第一通信设备根据第一分量码对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述第一分量码对应的码率，其中，所述第一分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码。
以下对本申请实施例进行举例说明。
若M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量为则可以对上述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量进行逆交织变换，也即执行与上述步骤203至步骤205相反的信道变换，得到极化编码器的输出端侧对应的等效子信道的信道容量其中，C的上标表示不同比特层对应的子信道容量序号，下标表示变换的层数。例如，若M为4，4个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量为(0.841,0.679,0.841,0.679)，则对4个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量逆交织变换，得到极化编码器的输出端侧对应的等效子信道的信道容量为(0.679，0.841，0.679，0.841)。
进一步的，可以根据极化编码器的输出端侧对应的等效子信道的信道容量，计算T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量例如，可以利用如下计算公式计算T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量

其中，i为正整数。
在得到T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量的情况下，可以分别基于各个分类码对应的所有子信道的信道容量计算该分量码的码率，例如，可以基于如下计算公式计算各个分量码的码率：
本实施例分别根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量，并分别根据各个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量计算该分量码对应的码率，这样可以保证各个分量码的码率可以更为准确地匹配其对应的子信道的信道容量，提高编码的可靠性。
可选地，所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，包括：
所述第一通信设备根据第二分量码的长度确定所述第二分量码对应的构造序列，其中， 第二分量码对应的构造序列包括预设的构造序列中比特索引小于L的序列，L为所述第二分量码的长度，所述第二分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码；
所述第一通信设备根据所述第二分量码对应的构造序列确定所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，其中，所述第二分量码对应的信息位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中的k个比特索引，所述k个比特索引的每个比特索引对应的极化重量均大于所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引的极化重量，所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引，k为所述第二分量码对应的信息比特数。
本实施例中，上述预设的构造序列包括比特索引其对应的极化重量为其中，上述比特索引也可以称为比特序号，用于表示比特的位置。示例性的，上述预设的构造序列可以如表2所示(表2中参数A指代极化重量参数B指代比特索引)。
表2


需要说明的是，为了方便描述，本实施例以下均以表2所示的构造序列为例进行说明。
上述各个分量码对应的构造序列，可以是分别获取上述预设的构造序列中比特索引小于L的序列。示例性的，以分量码的数量为2、每个分量码的长度均为512为例，可以从表2所示的构造序列中获取比特索引为0至511的序列作为上述两个分量码对应的构造序列，也即上述两个分量码对应的构造序列相同，均为表2所示的构造序列中比特索引为0至511的序列。在确定各个分量码对应的构造序列的情况下，可以分别基于各个分量码对应的构造序列确定各个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，其中，将各个分量码对应的构造序列中极化重量最大的k个比特索引确定为信息位；将各个分量码对应的构造序列除上述k个比特索引之外的比特比特索引确定为冻结位。
可选地，所述第一通信设备根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，包括：
所述第一通信设备分别确定所述T个分量码的各个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合和第一信息位集合，其中，所述T个分量码的第i个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合包括所述第i 个分量码对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，所述第i个分量码对应的第一信息位集合包括所述第i个分量码对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，L为所述第i个分量码的长度，i为大于或等于0的整数；
所述第一通信设备合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一冻结位集合，得到所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合，以及合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一信息位集合，得到所述极化编码器对应的信息位集合。
本实施例中，由于各个分量码均是取上述预设的构造序列中比特位位于前L的序列作为对应的构造序列，因此，需要对分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行索引调整，也即将第i个分量码对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L，并将第i个分量码对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L，例如，以分量码的数量为2、每个分量码的长度均为512为例，对于第0个分量码，其对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引和对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引不变；对于第1个分量码，其对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引和对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引均增加512。
在对各个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行索引调整之后，可以将所有分量码调整后的冻结位集合(即第一冻结位集合)进行合并，得到全部码字的冻结位集合(即极化编码器对应的冻结位集合)，并可以将所有分量码调整后的信息位集合(即第一信息位集合)进行合并，得到全部码字的信息位集合(即极化编码器对应的信息位集合)。
可选地，所述第一调制符号的比特数根据采用的调制方式确定。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
所述第一通信设备发送调制符号序列和第一信息；
其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：信道编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器对应的信息比特数，所述极化编码器对应的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式。
本实施例中，上述调制符号序列可以是对经过上述步骤203至步骤205处理之后的码字序列进行调制得到，例如，对上述经过上述步骤203至步骤205处理之后的码字序列通过格雷映射转换成调制符号序列。
上述信道编码标识用于标识信息序列对应的编码方式，例如，上述信道编码标识可以指示上述信息序列对应的编码方式为本申请实施例提供的编码方法。上述极化编码器的编码长度，也即N。上述极化编码器对应的信息比特数，也即上述信息序列的长度。上述极化编码器对应的冻结比特数，例如，可以为极化编码器的编码长度与信息比特数的差值。上述极化编码器的码率，也即上述码字序列的码率。上述分量码的个数，也即T。上述分量码的编码长度，也可以称为分量码的长度，例如，N/T。上述分量码的冻结比特数，例如，可以是 分量码的编码长度与分量码的信息比特数的差值。上述调制阶数，也即上述第一调制符号的比特数M。
示例性的，参见图4，以调制方式为16-QAM、T为2为例，本申请实施例提供的编码方法包括如下步骤：对极化编码器对输入的比特序列进行极化编码，输出长度为N的码字序列对码字序列进行串并变换，得到两个码字子序列，也即t1和t2，将两个码字子序列按照可靠度由大到小排序，并将排序后的两个码字子输入进行并串变换，得到将通过信号映射器，得到信号x。
以下对本申请实施例进行举例说明。
步骤a1、对于16-QAM调制，每个调制符号含有4个比特，在码率为3的情况下，此时第1，3子信道的信道容量为C1,3＝0.841，第2，4子信道的信道容量为C2,4＝0.679，分成2组。
步骤a2、对长度为768的信息序列进行16比特的CRC编码，再通过Polar编码器进行极化编码，得到码长为1024的码字序列，也即Polar码。
其中，对于极化编码过程中确定Polar编码器对应的信息位集合和冻结位集合可以包括如下步骤：
步骤a21、各个调制符号对应的等效子信道的信道容量为(0.841,0.679,0.841,0.679)，对等效子信道容量进行逆交织π-1，得到等效子信道的信道容量(0.679，0.841，0.679，0.841)，如图5所示。
步骤a22、利用如下计算公式计算分量码对应的子信道的容量

得到如图5所示。
步骤a23、根据各个分量码包含的子信道，计算该分量码的码率，计算公式如下：

步骤a24、根据Rj计算分量码对应的信息比特数为：
K1＝0.2855×1024/2≈282
K2＝0.4745×1024/2≈486
步骤a25、对于每一个分量码，从预设的构造序列中取小于分量码长度512的索引的序列作为该分量码对应的构造序列，并根据各个分量码对应的构造序列和信息比特数确定各个分量码对应的信息位集合和冻结位集合。
步骤a26、对分量码对应的信息位集合和冻结位集合进行索引调整以及合并，得到全部码字对应的信息位集合和冻结位集合，也即极化编码器对应的信息位集合和冻结位集合。
步骤a3、通过交织器对上述长度为N的码字序列进行交织，得到交织后的码字序列。
其中，上述交织器的处理过程包括如下步骤：
步骤a31、上述交织器的输入比特序列为π＝(1,2,…,1024)，将分成2组，得到2个子向量(π1,π2)＝(1、3、5…1023,2、4、6…1024)；
步骤a32、对各个子向量按照列重由小到大排序，得到π1′＜π′2，两个子向量的可靠度排序为π1′＞π′2，其中，π1′＝π2，π′2＝π1；
步骤a33、对排序后的两个子向量进行并串变换，使得高可靠的码字比特映射到高容量的子信道，得到交织器输出的比特序列，也即π"＝(2,1,4,3…1024,1023)。
步骤a4、将交织后的码字序列进入调制，得到调制符号序列并进行传输。
以下结合仿真对本申请实施例进行说明：
1、仿真条件和内容：
利用Visual Studio 2019参照表3中的仿真参数，在windows 10系统下进行对比仿真，其仿真结果如图6所示。
表3仿真参数
2、仿真结果分析：
参照图6，横轴表示传输信道的信噪比，纵轴表示传输的误块率(BLock Error Rate，BLER)。实线表示本申请实施例提供的编码方法(也可称为优化编码调制方案)的BLER曲线，虚线表示5G上行CRC辅助的串行抵消列表(CRC-Aided Successive Cancellation List，CA-SCL)译码方法的BLER曲线，根据图6可知，在高码率下，相同信道和调制技术下，在BLER＝10-5的情况下，本申请实施例提供的编码方法比5G上行CA-SCL译码方法有0.5dB左右的增益。
综上可知，本申请实施例提供的编码方法，可以根据BIPCM调制系统容量将比特子信道进行分组，结合交织器，将分组后的高可靠的码字传输在符号对应容量大的比特子信道，加剧了极化效应，降低了误码率和误比特率。在序列构造过程中，按分组进行码率分配，分别对分量码进行序列构造，保留了离线式构造的线性计算复杂度，同时扩展最大码长1024的限制到M*1024，实现在复杂度没有太大增加的情况下获得性能提升。
请参见图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的一种解码方法的流程图，该方法可以由第二通信设备执行，如图7所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤701、第二通信设备接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分 量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式。
本实施例中调制符号序列和第一信息可以参见前述编码方法实施例的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
步骤702、所述第二通信设备根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
本实施例中，第二通信设备可以基于第一信息对调制符号序列进行解码，例如，在上述编码标识指示信息序列对应的编码方式为上述图2所示的编码方法的情况下，第二通信设备可以对上述调制符号序列进行解调制之后所得到的序列进行逆交织处理(也即与上述步骤203至步骤205相反的处理过程)，并根据极化编码器的码率、各个分量码的码率、调制阶数等，确定信息位集合和冻结位集合，并基于所确定的信息位集合和冻结位集合对逆交织处理后的码字序列进行译码，得到上述信息序列。
需要说明的是，该实施方式的实现方式可以参见图2所示的实施例的相关说明，此处不作赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的编码方法，执行主体可以为编码装置，或者，该编码装置中的用于执行编码方法的控制模块。本申请实施例中以编码装置执行编码方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的编码装置。
请参见图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的一种编码装置的结构图，如图8所示，编码装置800包括：
第一确定模块801，用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；
第一分组模块802，用于根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；
第二分组模块803，用于将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；
第二确定模块804，用于根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；
映射模块805，用于根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
可选地，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第t个码字子序列的比特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第t个子信道组的子信道上，t为 小于或等于T的正整数。
可选地，所述第一确定模块具体用于：
根据所述码字序列的码率和所述第一调制符号的比特数计算所述第一调制符号对应的总信道容量；
根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之和等于所述第一调制符号的总信道容量。
可选地，所述第一确定模块具体用于：
根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量和预设的信道容量映射关系，确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量；
其中，所述信道容量映射关系为调制符号的总信道容量与调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之间的映射关系。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第一计算模块，用于在所述将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列之前，根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化编码器的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率；
第二计算模块，用于分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的码率计算每个所述分量码对应的信息比特数；
第三确定模块，用于分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
第四确定模块，用于根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
编码模块，用于根据所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行极化编码，得到所述码字序列。
可选地，所述第一计算模块具体用于：
根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量；
根据第一分量码对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述第一分量码对应的码率，其中，所述第一分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码。
可选地，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
根据第二分量码的长度确定所述第二分量码对应的构造序列，其中，第二分量码对应的构造序列包括预设的构造序列中比特索引小于L的序列，L为所述第二分量码的长度，所述第二分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码；
根据所述第二分量码对应的构造序列确定所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，其中，所述第二分量码对应的信息位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中的k个比特索引，所述k个比特索引的每个比特索引对应的极化重量均大于所述第二分量码对 应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引的极化重量，所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引，k为所述第二分量码对应的信息比特数。
可选地，所述第四确定模块具体用于：
分别确定所述T个分量码的各个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合和第一信息位集合，其中，所述T个分量码的第i个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合包括所述第i个分量码对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，所述第i个分量码对应的第一信息位集合包括所述第i个分量码对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，L为所述第i个分量码的长度，i为大于或等于0的整数；
合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一冻结位集合，得到所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合，以及合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一信息位集合，得到所述极化编码器对应的信息位集合。
可选地，所述第一调制符号的比特数根据采用的调制方式确定。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
发送模块，用于发送调制符号序列和第一信息；
其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器对应的信息比特数，所述极化编码器对应的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式。
本申请实施例中的编码装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端或者网络侧设备，也可以为除终端或网络侧设备之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，网络侧设备可以包括但不限于上述所列举的网络侧设备12的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的编码装置能够实现图2的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
请参见图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的一种解码装置的结构图，如图9所示，解码装置900包括：
接收模块901，用于接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率， 调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式；
解码模块902，用于根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
本申请实施例中的解码装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端或者网络侧设备，也可以为除终端或网络侧设备之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，网络侧设备可以包括但不限于上述所列举的网络侧设备12的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的解码装置能够实现图7的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可选的，如图10所示，本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备1000，包括处理器1001和存储器1002，存储器1002上存储有可在所述处理器1001上运行的程序或指令，例如，该通信设备1000为第一通信设备时，该程序或指令被处理器1001执行时实现上述编码方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果。该通信设备1000为第二通信设备时，该程序或指令被处理器1001执行时实现上述解码方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备，包括处理器和通信接口，其中，所述处理器用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。该通信设备实施例与上述第一通信设备侧方法实施例对应，上述方法实施例的各个实施过程和实现方式均可适用于该通信设备实施例中，且能达到相同的技术效果。具体地，图11为实现本申请实施例的一种通信设备的硬件结构示意图。
该通信设备1100包括但不限于：射频单元1101、网络模块1102、音频输出单元1103、输入单元1104、传感器1105、显示单元1106、用户输入单元1107、接口单元1108、存储器1109以及处理器1110等中的至少部分部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解，通信设备1100还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池)，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器1110逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图11中示出的通信设备结构并不构成对通信设备的限 定，通信设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
应理解的是，本申请实施例中，输入单元1104可以包括图形处理单元(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)11041和麦克风11042，图形处理器11041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元1106可包括显示面板11061，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板11061。用户输入单元1107包括触控面板11071以及其他输入设备11072中的至少一种。触控面板11071，也称为触摸屏。触控面板11071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备11072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，射频单元1101接收来自网络侧设备的下行数据后，可以传输给处理器1110进行处理；另外，射频单元1101可以向网络侧设备发送上行数据。通常，射频单元1101包括但不限于天线、放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、双工器等。
存储器1109可用于存储软件程序或指令以及各种数据。存储器1109可主要包括存储程序或指令的第一存储区和存储数据的第二存储区，其中，第一存储区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序或指令(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等。此外，存储器1109可以包括易失性存储器或非易失性存储器。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本申请实施例中的存储器1109包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
处理器1110可包括一个或多个处理单元；可选的，处理器1110集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理涉及操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等的操作，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信信号，如基带处理器。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1110中。
其中，处理器1110，用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整 数；根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
可以理解，本实施例中提及的各实现方式的实现过程可以参照前述方法实施例的相关描述，并达到相同或相应的技术效果，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码调制方式；所述处理器用于根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。该通信设备实施例与上述第二通信设备侧方法实施例对应，上述方法实施例的各个实施过程和实现方式均可适用于该通信设备实施例中，且能达到相同的技术效果。
具体地，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信设备。如图12所示，该通信设备1200包括：天线1201、射频装置1202、基带装置1203、处理器1204和存储器1205。天线1201与射频装置1202连接。在上行方向上，射频装置1202通过天线1201接收信息，将接收的信息发送给基带装置1203进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置1203对要发送的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置1202，射频装置1202对收到的信息进行处理后经过天线1201发送出去。
以上实施例中通信设备执行的方法可以在基带装置1203中实现，该基带装置1203包括基带处理器。
基带装置1203例如可以包括至少一个基带板，该基带板上设置有多个芯片，如图12所示，其中一个芯片例如为基带处理器，通过总线接口与存储器1205连接，以调用存储器1205中的程序，执行以上方法实施例中所示的网络设备操作。
该通信设备还可以包括网络接口1206，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(Common Public Radio Interface，CPRI)。
具体地，本申请实施例的通信设备1200还包括：存储在存储器1205上并可在处理器1204上运行的指令或程序，处理器1204调用存储器1205中的指令或程序执行图9所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现上述编码方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的终端中的处理器。所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如计算机只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等。 在一些示例中，可读存储介质可以是非瞬态的可读存储介质。
本申请实施例另提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现上述编码方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现上述编码方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种编解码系统，包括：第一通信设备及第二通信设备，所述第一通信设备用于执行如图2及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程，所述第二通信设备用于执行如图7及上述各个方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助计算机软件产品加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。该计算机软件产品存储在存储介质(如ROM、RAM、磁碟、光盘等)中，包括若干指令，用以使得终端或者网络侧设备执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式的实施方式，这些实施方式均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种编码方法，包括：
    第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；
    所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第t个码字子序列的比特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第t个子信道组的子信道上，t为小于或等于T的正整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据所述码字序列的码率和所述第一调制符号的比特数计算所述第一调制符号对应的总信道容量；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之和等于所述第一调制符号的总信道容量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量和预设的信道容量映射关系，确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量；
    其中，所述信道容量映射关系为调制符号的总信道容量与调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之间的映射关系。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化编码器的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率；
    所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的码率计算每个所述分量码对应的信息比特数；
    所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行极化编码，得到所述码字序列。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化码的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量；
    所述第一通信设备根据第一分量码对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述第一分量码对应的码率，其中，所述第一分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，包括：
    所述第一通信设备根据第二分量码的长度确定所述第二分量码对应的构造序列，其中，第二分量码对应的构造序列包括预设的构造序列中比特索引小于L的序列，L为所述第二分量码的长度，所述第二分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码；
    所述第一通信设备根据所述第二分量码对应的构造序列确定所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，其中，所述第二分量码对应的信息位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中的k个比特索引，所述k个比特索引的每个比特索引对应的极化重量均大于所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引的极化重量，所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引，k为所述第二分量码对应的信息比特数。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一通信设备根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，包括：
    所述第一通信设备分别确定所述T个分量码的各个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合和第一信息位集合，其中，所述T个分量码的第i个分量码对应的第一冻结位集合包括所述第i个分量码对应的冻结位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，所述第i个分量码对应的第一信息位集合包括所述第i个分量码对应的信息位集合的各个比特索引增加i*L后所得到的比特索引，L为所述第i个分量码的长度，i为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述第一通信设备合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一冻结位集合，得到所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合，以及合并所述T个分量码的对应的第一信息位集合，得到所述极化 编码器对应的信息位集合。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信设备发送调制符号序列和第一信息；
    其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：信道编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器对应的信息比特数，所述极化编码器对应的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式。
  10. 一种解码方法，包括：
    第二通信设备接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码调制方式；
    所述第二通信设备根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
  11. 一种编码装置，包括：
    第一确定模块，用于分别确定第一调制符号的M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，M为所述第一调制符号的比特数；
    第一分组模块，用于根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，将所述M个比特位对应的子信道分成T个子信道组，其中，同一子信道组内的子信道的信道容量均相同；
    第二分组模块，用于将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列，其中，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列，N为大于或等于T的正整数；
    第二确定模块，用于根据所述T个码字子序列的列重确定所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序；
    映射模块，用于根据所述T个子信道组之间的信道容量排序和所述T个码字子序列之间的可靠度排序，将所述T个码字子序列的比特分别映射至所述T个子信道组的子信道上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述T个码字子序列按照可靠度由高到低排序后的第t个码字子序列的比特映射至所述T个子信道组按照信道容量由大到小排序后的第t个子信道组的子信道上，t为小于或等于T的正整数。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其中，所述第一确定模块具体用于：
    根据所述码字序列的码率和所述第一调制符号的比特数计算所述第一调制符号对应的总信道容量；
    根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量，其中，所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之和等于所述第一调制符号的总信道容量。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述第一确定模块具体用于：
    根据所述第一调制符号的总信道容量和预设的信道容量映射关系，确定所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量；
    其中，所述信道容量映射关系为调制符号的总信道容量与调制符号的各个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量之间的映射关系。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    第一计算模块，用于在所述将长度为N的码字序列分成T组，得到T个码字子序列之前，根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述极化编码器的T个分量码中的每个分量码对应的码率；
    第二计算模块，用于分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的码率计算每个所述分量码对应的信息比特数；
    第三确定模块，用于分别根据每个所述分量码的长度和对应的信息比特数确定每个所述分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
    第四确定模块，用于根据所述T个分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合确定所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合；
    编码模块，用于根据所述极化编码器对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合进行极化编码，得到所述码字序列。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中，所述第一计算模块具体用于：
    根据所述M个比特位对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述T个分量码对应的子信道的信道容量；
    根据第一分量码对应的子信道的信道容量计算所述第一分量码对应的码率，其中，所述第一分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其中，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
    根据第二分量码的长度确定所述第二分量码对应的构造序列，其中，第二分量码对应的构造序列包括预设的构造序列中比特索引小于L的序列，L为所述第二分量码的长度，所述第二分量码为所述T个分量码中的任意分量码；
    根据所述第二分量码对应的构造序列确定所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合和信息位集合，其中，所述第二分量码对应的信息位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中的k个比特索引，所述k个比特索引的每个比特索引对应的极化重量均大于所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引的极化重量，所述第二分量码对应的冻结位集合包括所述第二分量码对应的构造序列中除所述k个比特索引之外的比特索引，k为所述第二分量码对应的信息比特数。
  18. 一种解码装置，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收调制符号序列和第一信息，其中，所述调制符号序列为对经映射后的码字序列进行调制得到，所述码字序列为信息序列经极化编码器极化编码所得到的比特序列；所述第一信息包括如下至少一项：编码标识，所述极化编码器的编码长度，所述极化编码器的信息比特数，所述极化编码器的冻结比特数，所述极化编码器的码率，分量码的个数，分量码的编码长度，分量码的信息比特数，分量码的冻结比特数，分量码的码率，调制阶数，调制与编码策略MCS等级；所述编码标识用于标识所述信息序列对应的编码方式；
    解码模块，用于根据所述第一信息对所述调制符号序列进行解码，得到所述信息序列。
  19. 一种通信设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至9任一项所述的编码方法的步骤，或者实现如权利要求10所述的解码方法的步骤。
  20. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至9任一项所述的编码方法的步骤，或者实现如权利要求10所述的解码方法的步骤。
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