WO2025007768A1 - 电缆 - Google Patents

电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025007768A1
WO2025007768A1 PCT/CN2024/101068 CN2024101068W WO2025007768A1 WO 2025007768 A1 WO2025007768 A1 WO 2025007768A1 CN 2024101068 W CN2024101068 W CN 2024101068W WO 2025007768 A1 WO2025007768 A1 WO 2025007768A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
core wire
cable
present application
pipeline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/101068
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何英勇
姜代平
李常珞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viridi Energy Mobility Technology Ningbo Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Viridi Energy Mobility Technology Ningbo Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202310817837.4A external-priority patent/CN116779235A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202321738399.4U external-priority patent/CN220065255U/zh
Application filed by Viridi Energy Mobility Technology Ningbo Co Ltd, Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd, Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Viridi Energy Mobility Technology Ningbo Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025007768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025007768A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to but is not limited to the field of electrical components, and in particular to a cable.
  • the conductor of the cable needs to be cooled when the cable is in use so that small cables can achieve high-power charging.
  • One purpose of the present application is to provide a cable that can meet the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization and has high reliability in use and low manufacturing cost.
  • the cable according to the present application includes: a core wire, the core wire having a conductor and a first insulating layer, the first insulating layer being sheathed on the outer side of the conductor; a first heat exchange pipeline, the first heat exchange pipeline being sheathed on the outer side of the core wire and defining a first heat exchange channel together with the first insulating layer, the first heat exchange channel being suitable for arranging a heat exchange medium.
  • the core wire by sheathing the first insulating layer on the outside of the conductor, the core wire can be immersed in a coolant with good fluidity and large specific heat capacity, which can improve the cooling effect, thereby reducing the volume of the cable while ensuring the charging power, meeting the lightweight and miniaturization requirements of the cable, and the ion filter can be omitted, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the cable and reducing the manufacturing cost of the cable.
  • the cable further includes: a heat exchange component, which is in communication with the first heat exchange channel and is suitable for driving the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange channel to flow.
  • the cable also includes: a second heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline is configured to exchange heat with the core wire, the second heat exchange pipeline defines a second heat exchange channel, and the second heat exchange channel is suitable for arranging the heat exchange medium.
  • the second heat exchange pipeline is provided between at least two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines.
  • the first heat exchange pipeline is provided on the outside of each core wire group.
  • each group of the core wires has a filler, and the plurality of core wires of each group of the core wires are arranged around the filler along a circumference of the filler, and the filler supports the corresponding plurality of core wires.
  • the core wire is configured as the filler.
  • a third heat exchange channel is formed in the conductor, an inner wall of the third heat exchange channel is provided with a second insulating layer, and the third heat exchange channel is suitable for being provided with the heat exchange medium.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of another angle of an embodiment of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cable shown in FIG1 (with signal lines omitted);
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cable shown in FIG4 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cable according to the embodiment of the present application (signal lines are omitted);
  • FIG7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the cable according to the embodiment of the present application (signal lines omitted).
  • Cable 100 Cable 100; Core wire 10; conductor 11; first insulating layer 12; second insulating layer 13; third heat exchange flow channel 14; A first heat exchange pipeline 20; a first heat exchange flow channel 21; A second heat exchange pipeline 30; a second heat exchange flow channel 31; Core wire group 40; filler 41; Positive electrode core wire 50 ; negative electrode core wire 60 ; protective cover 70 ; shielding layer 71 ; signal wire 72 ; ground wire 73 .
  • a cable 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 .
  • the cable 100 includes: a core wire 10 and a first heat exchange pipeline 20 .
  • the core wire 10 has a conductor 11 and a first insulating layer 12, and the outer side of the conductor 11 is sheathed with the first insulating layer 12. As some optional embodiments of the present application, there may be a gap between the first insulating layer 12 and the conductor 11, and as some optional embodiments of the present application, the first insulating layer 12 may be in contact with the outer surface of the conductor 11.
  • the first heat exchange pipeline 20 is sleeved on the outside of the core wire 10.
  • the core wire 10 is passed through the first heat exchange pipeline 20.
  • the first heat exchange pipeline 20 and the core wire 10 can jointly define the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the first heat exchange pipeline 20 and the first insulating layer 12 can jointly define the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the first heat exchange channel 21 is suitable for being provided with a heat exchange medium.
  • the heat exchange medium can be a coolant, such as but not limited to an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the coolant can be arranged in the first heat exchange channel 21, that is, the coolant can be stored in the first heat exchange channel 21, and the coolant can exchange heat with the core wire 10 to adjust the temperature of the core wire 10.
  • the coolant can exchange heat with the core wire 10 to cool the core wire 10, thereby reducing the probability of danger due to overheating of the core wire 10.
  • the coolant has good fluidity and large specific heat capacity.
  • the core wire 10 can be reliably cooled, so that on the basis of ensuring the charging power, the volume of the cable 100 can be reduced.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cable 100 can be reduced, which can meet the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization of the cable 100.
  • the coolant and the conductor 11 can be isolated to ensure the safety of the cable 100.
  • the ion filter can be omitted, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of the cable 100 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the cable 100.
  • a liquid pump can be provided to drive the coolant to flow, so that the temperature consistency of each part of the core wire 10 is good.
  • the coolant has good fluidity, so that the volume of the liquid pump can be reduced, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the cable 100.
  • the first insulating layer 12 can be made of a material with strong resistance to high temperatures and chemical liquids.
  • the material of the first insulating layer 12 can be but not limited to fluoroplastics, rubber, PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), etc. This can increase the service life of the cable 100.
  • the material of the first insulating layer 12 can be fluoroplastics, and the surface of the fluoroplastics is smooth.
  • Such a setting can improve the fluidity of the coolant, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the cable 100 (due to the smooth surface of the fluoroplastics, the flow resistance of the coolant can be reduced, and the cooling effect of the coolant can be improved, so the outer diameter of the cable 100 can be reduced on the basis of unchanged charging power).
  • the spacing between the inner surface of the first heat exchange pipeline 20 and the outer surface of the core wire 10 can be any value between 0.8mm-1.5mm.
  • the spacing between the inner surface of the first heat exchange pipeline 20 and the outer surface of the core wire 10 can be but not limited to 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, etc.
  • the material of the core wire body 11 can be but not limited to metal material, polymer material, composite material, etc.
  • the material of the core wire body 11 can be metal material, and the metal material can be but not limited to copper, aluminum, copper alloy, and aluminum alloy.
  • the cable 100 proposed in the present application can meet the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization, the volume of the conductor 11 can be reduced, and the cross-sectional area of the conductor 11 can be made small, which is beneficial to saving materials and further beneficial to reducing costs.
  • the core wire 10 can be immersed in a coolant with good fluidity and large specific heat capacity, which can improve the cooling effect, thereby reducing the volume of the cable 100 while ensuring the charging power, and meeting the lightweight and miniaturization requirements of the cable 100.
  • the ion filter can be omitted, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the cable 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the cable 100.
  • the cable 100 of the present application can improve the current carrying capacity and can meet the needs of high-power charging.
  • the cable 100 of the present application has good compatibility and can use a variety of heat exchange media.
  • the heat exchange medium can also be cooling oil.
  • the cable 100 of the present application can also use cooling oil as the heat exchange medium.
  • the cable 100 may further include a protective cover 70.
  • the protective cover 70 may be sleeved on the outside of the first heat exchange pipeline 20, that is, the first heat exchange pipeline 20 may be passed through the protective cover 70.
  • multiple first heat exchange pipelines 20 may all be passed through the protective cover 70.
  • the protective cover 70 may provide protection for other components of the cable 100.
  • the cable 100 may further include a shielding layer 71, and the shielding layer 71 may be arranged on the inner side of the protective sleeve 70, that is, the shielding layer 71 may be passed through the protective sleeve 70.
  • the protective sleeve 70 may be sleeved on the outer side of the shielding layer 71
  • the shielding layer 71 may be sleeved on the outer side of the first heat exchange pipeline 20, that is, the first heat exchange pipeline 20 may be passed through the shielding layer 71.
  • the shielding layer 71 may be passed through the shielding layer 71 .
  • the EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
  • the cable 100 may also include a signal line 72, the number of the signal lines 72 may be set to multiple, the signal line 72 may be passed through the shielding layer 71, and at least one of the multiple signal lines 72 may be constructed as a grounding wire 73.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to multiple, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to multiple, and multiple core wires 10 and multiple first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set one by one.
  • each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to four, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to four, and each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • Such a setting can increase the contact area between the core wire 10 and the coolant without changing the total volume of the core wire 10, thereby improving the cooling efficiency, and on the basis of keeping the charging power unchanged, the cross-sectional area of the core wire 10 can be reduced, the outer diameter of the cable 100 can be reduced, and the weight of the cable 100 can be reduced, which is not only conducive to saving materials, but also convenient for users to operate the cable 100.
  • the cable 100 may further include: a heat exchange component (not shown), which may be connected to the first heat exchange channel 21, and the heat exchange component is suitable for driving the flow of a heat exchange medium (such as a coolant) in the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • a heat exchange component (not shown), which may be connected to the first heat exchange channel 21, and the heat exchange component is suitable for driving the flow of a heat exchange medium (such as a coolant) in the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the heat exchange component may include a pipeline and a liquid pump.
  • the pipeline may be connected to the first heat exchange channel 21, a coolant may be provided in the pipeline, and the liquid pump may be provided in the pipeline.
  • the liquid pump can drive the coolant in the first heat exchange channel 21 to flow.
  • the coolant in the first heat exchange channel 21 can flow into the pipeline, and the coolant in the pipeline can flow into the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • Such a setting can make the coolant flow in the first heat exchange channel 21 and the pipeline, so that the temperature consistency of each part of the core wire 10 is good.
  • the heat exchange component may further include a heat exchanger, which may be connected to the pipeline, and the coolant in the pipeline may flow into the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger By setting up the heat exchanger, the temperature of the coolant may be quickly reduced, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect of the coolant.
  • the number of heat exchange components can be set to multiple, and at least two first heat exchange channels 21 can be connected to different heat exchange components respectively.
  • the number of heat exchange components can be set to but not limited to 2, 3, etc.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to multiple, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to multiple, and each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • Some of the core wires 10 in the multiple core wires 10 can be positive core wires 50, and another part of the core wires 10 in the multiple core wires 10 can be negative core wires 60 (as shown in Figures 3, 5-7), the number of heat exchange components can be set to two, and the first heat exchange flow channel 21 located outside the positive core wire 50 and the first heat exchange flow channel 21 located outside the negative core wire 60 can be connected to different heat exchange components respectively.
  • the number of heat exchange components can be set to 2, the number of core wires 10 can be set to four, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to four, and each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • two of the four core wires 10 can be positive core wires 50, and the other two of the four core wires 10 can be negative core wires 60.
  • the first heat exchange flow channels 21 on the outside of the two positive core wires 50 can be connected to one of the heat exchange components, and the first heat exchange flow channels 21 on the outside of the two negative core wires 60 can be connected to the other heat exchange component.
  • This arrangement can separate the cooling circuit of the positive core wire 50 and the cooling circuit of the negative core wire 60, which can reduce the probability of electrical short circuit through the cooling medium, thereby improving the electrical safety of the cable 100, and this arrangement is conducive to improving the cooling effect of the coolant.
  • the cable 100 may also include: a second heat exchange pipeline 30, the second heat exchange pipeline 30 may be configured to exchange heat with the core wire 10, the second heat exchange pipeline 30 may define a second heat exchange channel 31, and the second heat exchange channel 31 is suitable for being provided with a heat exchange medium.
  • the second heat exchange pipeline 30 can be arranged close to the first heat exchange pipeline 20.
  • the second heat exchange pipeline 30 can be in contact with the first heat exchange pipeline 20.
  • the extension direction of the core wire 10, the first heat exchange pipeline 20, and the second heat exchange pipeline 30 can be the same, and the extension direction of the signal line 72 and the protective sleeve 70 can be the same as the extension direction of the core wire 10, the first heat exchange pipeline 20, and the second heat exchange pipeline 30.
  • the second heat exchange pipeline 30 may define a second heat exchange channel 31, and the second heat exchange channel 31 is suitable for being provided with a heat exchange medium.
  • the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange channel 31 may be the same as the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange channel 31 and the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange channel 21 may both be coolants, such as but not limited to ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
  • the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange channel 31 may be different from the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the second heat exchange channel 31 can be connected to the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component can drive the heat exchange medium (such as coolant) in the second heat exchange channel 31 to flow.
  • the heat exchange medium such as coolant
  • the temperature of the core wire 10 can be reduced through the second heat exchange pipeline 30 to reduce the probability of the core wire 10 being too high in temperature.
  • a second heat exchange pipeline 30 may be provided between at least two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20.
  • one second heat exchange pipeline 30 may be provided between at least two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20, or a plurality of second heat exchange pipelines 30 may be provided between at least two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20.
  • a second heat exchange pipeline 30 may be provided between two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20.
  • a second heat exchange pipeline 30 may be provided between two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20.
  • Such an arrangement can make the second heat exchange pipeline 30 reasonably located, can fully utilize the coldness of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange flow channel 31, and can reduce the probability of the core wire 10 having an overly high temperature.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to two, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to two, and each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • one of the two core wires 10 can be a positive electrode core wire 50, and the other of the two core wires 10 can be a negative electrode core wire 60.
  • the number of second heat exchange pipelines 30 can be set to two, and one second heat exchange pipeline 30 can be provided between two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20 along the circumferential direction of the cable 100.
  • the two first heat exchange pipelines 20 and the two second heat exchange pipelines 30 can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the cable 100, and one second heat exchange pipeline 30 can be provided between two adjacent first heat exchange pipelines 20 along the circumferential direction of the cable 100.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to multiple, the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to multiple, and multiple core wires 10 can form multiple core wire groups 40, and the first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of each core wire group 40.
  • multiple core wires 10 two core wires 10 or more than two core wires 10) can be twisted to form a core wire group 40, and multiple first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the multiple core wire groups 40, respectively.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to 8
  • the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to two
  • 4 core wires 10 can be twisted to form one core wire group 40
  • 8 core wires 10 can be twisted to form two core wire groups 40
  • two first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be respectively sleeved on the outside of the two core wire groups 40.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to 10
  • the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to two
  • 5 core wires 10 can be twisted to form one core wire group 40
  • 10 core wires 10 can be twisted to form two core wire groups 40
  • two first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be respectively sleeved on the outside of the two core wire groups 40.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of core wires 10 twisted into a core wire group 40 may be the same, or the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of core wires 10 twisted into a core wire group 40 may be different.
  • Such a configuration can increase the contact area between the core wire 10 and the cooling medium, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. Moreover, on the basis of keeping the charging power unchanged, the cross-sectional area of the core wire 10 can be reduced, the outer diameter of the cable 100 can be reduced, and the weight of the cable 100 can be reduced, which is not only beneficial to saving materials, but also convenient for users to operate the cable 100, thereby improving the user experience.
  • each core wire group 40 may have a filler 41 , and the multiple core wires 10 of each core wire group 40 may be arranged around the filler 41 along the circumference of the filler 41 , and the filler 41 may support the corresponding multiple core wires 10 .
  • the core wire group 40 can have multiple core wires 10 and fillers 41, the multiple core wires 10 can be twisted and arranged, and the multiple core wires 10 can be arranged around the filler 41 along the circumference of the filler 41, and the filler 41 can support the corresponding multiple core wires 10 (specifically, the filler 41 can support the multiple core wires 10 arranged around its circumference).
  • the material of the filler 41 can be but not limited to rubber, the filler 41 can support the corresponding multiple core wires 10, which can make the shape of the core wire group 40 rounded, and can reduce the probability of deformation of the core wire group 40.
  • the core wire 10 may be configured as a filler 41, that is, the core wire 10 may be used as the filler 41.
  • the core wire 10 as the filler 41 may be twisted with other core wires 10.
  • the core wire 10 as the filler 41 may not be twisted with other core wires 10.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to multiple, and multiple core wires 10 can form two core wire groups 40, and the first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of each core wire group 40.
  • the core wires 10 of one core wire group 40 can all be positive electrode core wires 50, and the core wires 10 of the other core wire group 40 can all be negative electrode core wires 60.
  • a third heat exchange channel 14 may be formed inside the conductor 11 , the inner wall of the third heat exchange channel 14 may be provided with a second insulating layer 13 , and the third heat exchange channel 14 is suitable for being provided with a heat exchange medium.
  • a first insulating layer 12 is provided on the outer side of the conductor 11, a third heat exchange channel 14 may be formed inside the conductor 11, and a second insulating layer 13 may be provided on the inner wall of the third heat exchange channel 14. That is, the second insulating layer 13 may be passed through the conductor 11, and the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange channel 14 may be but is not limited to a coolant.
  • the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange channel 14 can be the same as the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange channel 21.
  • the third heat exchange channel 14 can be connected to a heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component can drive the heat exchange medium (such as coolant) in the third heat exchange channel 14 to flow.
  • the contact area between the core wire 10 and the coolant can be increased, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. Moreover, while keeping the charging power unchanged, the cross-sectional area of the core wire 10 can be reduced, which is beneficial to saving materials.
  • the number of core wires 10 can be set to two
  • the number of first heat exchange pipelines 20 can be set to two
  • each first heat exchange pipeline 20 can be sleeved on the outside of the corresponding core wire 10.
  • one of the two core wires 10 can be a positive electrode core wire 50
  • the other of the two core wires 10 can be a negative electrode core wire 60.
  • a third heat exchange flow channel 14 is formed in the conductor 11 of the negative electrode core wire 60
  • a third heat exchange flow channel 14 is formed in the conductor 11 of the positive electrode core wire 50
  • the cooling medium in the first heat exchange flow channel 21 and the third heat exchange flow channel 14 can both be ethylene glycol aqueous solution.
  • the number of heat exchange components can be set to two, the first heat exchange channel 21 outside the positive core wire 50 and the third heat exchange channel 14 inside the positive core wire 50 can be connected to one of the heat exchange components, and the first heat exchange channel 21 outside the negative core wire 60 and the third heat exchange channel 14 inside the negative core wire 60 can be connected to another heat exchange component.
  • This arrangement can separate the cooling circuit of the positive core wire 50 and the cooling circuit of the negative core wire 60, which can reduce the probability of electrical short circuit through the cooling medium, thereby improving the electrical safety of the cable 100, and this arrangement is conducive to improving the cooling effect of the coolant.
  • the cable 100 of the present application can be significantly lightweight, with a weight reduction of up to 80%, making it easier for users to use.
  • the cable 100 of the present application can achieve a significant reduction in outer diameter, with the reduction reaching 70%.

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Abstract

一种电缆(100)，电缆(100)包括：芯线(10)，芯线(10)具有导体(11)和第一绝缘层(12)，导体(11)的外侧套设有第一绝缘层(12)；第一换热管路(20)，第一换热管路(20)套设于芯线(10)外侧且与第一绝缘层(12)共同限定出第一换热流道(21)，第一换热流道(21)内适于设有换热介质。

Description

电缆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202321738399.4、申请日为2023年07月04日的中国专利申请以及申请号为202310817837.4、申请日为2023年07月04日的中国专利申请提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及但不仅限于电气元件领域，尤其是涉及一种电缆。
背景技术
为满足电缆的轻量化、小型化需求，电缆在使用时需要对电缆的导体进行冷却，以使尺寸小的电缆能够实现大功率充电。
目前，电缆冷却方案主要有两种，其一，将电缆的导体浸入绝缘冷却油中，然而，绝缘冷却油的低温流动性不好且绝缘冷却油的比热容小，导致冷却效果差，无法满足导体的冷却需求，从而无法满足电缆的轻量化、小型化需求。其二，将电缆的导体浸入流动性好并且比热容大的冷却液中并设置离子过滤器，通过离子过滤器吸附冷却液中的导电离子，然而，离子过滤器的寿命短，导致电缆的使用可靠性差，并且，离子过滤器的制造成本高，导致电缆的制造成本高。
申请内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本申请的一个目的在于提出一种电缆，该电缆能够满足轻量化、小型化需求，并且使用可靠性高、制造成本低。
根据本申请的电缆包括：芯线，所述芯线具有导体和第一绝缘层，所述导体的外侧套设有所述第一绝缘层；第一换热管路，所述第一换热管路套设于所述芯线外侧且与所述第一绝缘层共同限定出第一换热流道，所述第一换热流道内适于设有换热介质。
根据本申请的电缆，通过在导体的外侧套设第一绝缘层，可以将芯线浸入流动性好并且比热容大的冷却液中，可以提高冷却效果，从而可以在保证充电功率的基础上缩小电缆的体积，可以满足电缆的轻量化、小型化需求，并且，可以省略离子过滤器，有利于提高电缆的使用可靠性，并且能够降低电缆的制造成本。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述芯线和所述第一换热管路均为多个，多个所述芯线和多个所述第一换热管路一一对应。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述电缆还包括：换热组件，所述换热组件与所述第一换热流道连通且适于驱动所述第一换热流道内的所述换热介质流动。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述换热组件为多个，至少两个所述第一换热流道分别与不同的所述换热组件连通。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述电缆还包括：第二换热管路，所述第二换热管路设置为与所述芯线换热，所述第二换热管路限定出第二换热流道，所述第二换热流道内适于设有所述换热介质。
在本申请的一些示例中，至少相邻两个所述第一换热管路间设有所述第二换热管路。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述芯线、所述第一换热管路均为多个，多个所述芯线形成多组芯线组，每组所述芯线组外侧套设有所述第一换热管路。
在本申请的一些示例中，每组所述芯线组具有填充物，每组所述芯线组的多个所述芯线沿所述填充物的周向围绕所述填充物布置，所述填充物支撑相应的多个所述芯线。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述芯线构造为所述填充物。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述导体内形成有第三换热流道，所述第三换热流道的内壁设有第二绝缘层，所述第三换热流道内适于设有所述换热介质。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例所述的电缆的一种实施例的示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例所述的电缆的一种实施例的另一个角度的示意图；
图3是根据图1所示的电缆的截面示意图(省略信号线)；
图4是根据本申请实施例所述的电缆的另一种实施例的示意图；
图5是根据图4所示的电缆的截面示意图；
图6是根据本申请实施例所述的电缆的又一种实施例的截面示意图(省略信号线)；
图7是根据本申请实施例所述的电缆的又一种实施例的截面示意图(省略信号线)。
说明书中的附图标记如下：
电缆100；
芯线10；导体11；第一绝缘层12；第二绝缘层13；第三换热流道14；
第一换热管路20；第一换热流道21；
第二换热管路30；第二换热流道31；
芯线组40；填充物41；
正极芯线50；负极芯线60；保护套70；屏蔽层71；信号线72；接地线73。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图7描述根据本申请实施例的电缆100。
如图1-图7所示，根据本申请实施例的电缆100包括：芯线10和第一换热管路20。
芯线10具有导体11和第一绝缘层12，导体11的外侧套设有第一绝缘层12。作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第一绝缘层12与导体11之间可以具有间隙，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第一绝缘层12可以与导体11的外表面接触。
第一换热管路20套设于芯线10外侧，换句话说，芯线10穿设于第一换热管路20，第一换热管路20与芯线10能够共同限定出第一换热流道21，具体来说，第一换热管路20与第一绝缘层12能够共同限定出第一换热流道21，第一换热流道21内适于设置有换热介质。
其中，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，换热介质可以为冷却液，例如但不限于乙二醇水溶液，冷却液可以设置在第一换热流道21内，也就是说，第一换热流道21内可以储存冷却液，冷却液能够与芯线10进行热交换以调节芯线10的温度，具体来说，冷却液能够与芯线10进行热交换以对芯线10进行冷却，降低由于芯线10过热而发生危险的概率。
需要解释的是，与绝缘冷却油相比，冷却液的流动性好并且比热容大，通过在第一换热流道21内设置冷却液，能够可靠的对芯线10进行冷却，从而在保证充电功率的基础上，可以缩小电缆100的体积，具体来说，可以缩小电缆100的横截面积，可以满足电缆100的轻量化、小型化需求，用户使用电缆100时，由于电缆100的体积小、重量轻，可以便于用户操作电缆100，从而可以提高用户的使用体验。
通过在导体11的外侧套设第一绝缘层12，可以使冷却液和导体11隔离，保证电缆100的使用安全性，而且可以省略离子过滤器，有利于提高电缆100的使用可靠性，并且能够降低电缆100的制造成本。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，可以通过设置液泵来驱动冷却液流动，以使芯线10各处的温度一致性好。与使用绝缘冷却油的方案相比，由于冷却液的流动性好，从而可以减小液泵的体积，有利于降低电缆100的生产成本。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第一绝缘层12可以选择耐高温和耐化学液体性能强的材料，例如，第一绝缘层12的材质可以为但不限于氟塑料、橡胶、PP(polypropylene-聚丙烯)、PE(polyethylene-聚乙烯)等。这样可以提高电缆100的使用寿命。作为本申请的一种具体实施例，第一绝缘层12的材质可以为氟塑料，氟塑料的表面光滑，这样设置可以提高冷却液的流动性，进而可以缩小电缆100外径(由于氟塑料的表面光滑，从而可以降低冷却液的流阻，可以提高冷却液的冷却效果，因此在充电功率不变的基础上可以缩小电缆100外径)。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第一换热管路20的内表面与芯线10的外表面之间的间距可以为0.8mm-1.5mm之间的任意数值，例如，第一换热管路20的内表面与芯线10的外表面之间的间距可以为但不限于0.8mm、1.0mm、1.1mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.5mm等。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，芯线本体11的材质可以为但不限于金属材料,高分子材料,复合材料等，例如，芯线本体11的材质可以为金属材料，金属材料可以为但不限于铜、铝、铜合金、铝合金。
并且，需要说明的是，由于本申请所提出的电缆100可以满足轻量化、小型化需求，从而可以缩小导体11的体积，可以使导体11的横截面积小，有利于节省材料，进而有利于降低成本。
由此，通过在导体11的外侧套设第一绝缘层12，可以将芯线10浸入流动性好并且比热容大的冷却液中，可以提高冷却效果，从而可以在保证充电功率的基础上缩小电缆100的体积，可以满足电缆100的轻量化、小型化需求，并且，可以省略离子过滤器，有利于提高电缆100的使用可靠性，并且能够降低电缆100的制造成本。
并且，本申请的电缆100能够提高载流能力，能够满足大功率充电的需求。
本申请的电缆100的兼容性好，可以使用多种换热介质，例如，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，换热介质也可以为冷却油，换句话说，本申请的电缆100也可以使用冷却油作为换热介质。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，如图1-图7所示，电缆100还可以包括保护套70，保护套70可以套设在第一换热管路20外侧，即第一换热管路20可以穿设于保护套70，当第一换热管路20为多个时，多个第一换热管路20均可以穿设于保护套70，保护套70可以为电缆100的其他部件提供保护。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，如图1-图7所示，电缆100还可以包括屏蔽层71，屏蔽层71可以设置在保护套70内侧，即屏蔽层71可以穿设于保护套70，换句话说，保护套70可以套设在屏蔽层71外侧，并且，屏蔽层71可以套设在第一换热管路20外侧，即第一换热管路20可以穿设于屏蔽层71，当第一换热管路20为多个时，多个第一换热管路20均 可以穿设于屏蔽层71，通过设置屏蔽层71，可以提高电缆100的EMC(Electromagnetic Compatibility-电磁兼容性)性能。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，如图1、图2、图4和图5所示，电缆100还可以包括信号线72，信号线72的数量可以设置为多个，信号线72可以穿设于屏蔽层71，多个信号线72中的至少一个可以构造为接地线73。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图7所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为多个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为多个，多个芯线10和多个第一换热管路20可以一一对应设置，具体来说，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。例如图1-图3所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为四个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为四个，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。如此设置可以在不改变芯线10总体积的基础上，可以提高芯线10与冷却液的接触面积，从而可以提高冷却效率，并且，在保持充电功率不变的基础上，可以缩小芯线10的横截面积，可以缩小电缆100外径，可以降低电缆100重量，不仅有利于节省材料，还可以便于用户操作电缆100。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电缆100还可以包括：换热组件(未示出)，换热组件可以与第一换热流道21连通设置，并且，换热组件适于驱动第一换热流道21内的换热介质(例如冷却液)流动。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，换热组件可以包括管路和液泵，管路可以与第一换热流道21连通设置，管路内可以设置有冷却液，液泵可以设置于管路，液泵能够驱动第一换热流道21内的冷却液流动，具体来说，液泵工作时，第一换热流道21内的冷却液能够流入管路，管路内的冷却液能够流入第一换热流道21，如此设置能够使冷却液在第一换热流道21、管路内流动，可以使芯线10各处的温度一致性好。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，换热组件还可以包括换热器，换热器可以与管路连通设置，管路内的冷却液可以流入换热器，通过设置换热器，可以快速降低冷却液的温度，有利于提高冷却液的冷却效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中，换热组件的数量可以设置为多个，至少两个第一换热流道21可以分别与不同的换热组件连通。例如，换热组件的数量可以设置为但不限于2个、3个等。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，芯线10的数量可以设置为多个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为多个，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。多个芯线10中的部分芯线10可以为正极芯线50，多个芯线10中的另一部分芯线10可以为负极芯线60(如图3、图5-图7所示)，换热组件的数量可以设置为两个，位于正极芯线50外侧的第一换热流道21、位于负极芯线60外侧的第一换热流道21可以分别与不同的换热组件连通。
例如，换热组件的数量可以设置为2个，芯线10的数量可以设置为四个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为四个，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。并且，四个芯线10中的两个可以为正极芯线50，四个芯线10中的另外两个可以为负极芯线60，两个正极芯线50外侧的第一换热流道21可以与其中一个换热组件连通，两个负极芯线60外侧的第一换热流道21可以与另一个换热组件连通。这样设置可以将正极芯线50的冷却回路和负极芯线60的冷却回路分离，可以降低电气通过冷却介质短路的概率，从而提高了电缆100的电气安全性，并且，这样设置有利于提高冷却液的冷却效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，电缆100还可以包括：第二换热管路30，第二换热管路30可以设置为与芯线10换热，第二换热管路30可以限定出第二换热流道31，第二换热流道31内适于设置有换热介质。
具体来说，第二换热管路30可以靠近第一换热管路20设置，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第二换热管路30可以与第一换热管路20接触，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第二换热管路30与第一换热管路20间可以具有间隙。需要说明的是，芯线10、第一换热管路20、第二换热管路30的延伸方向可以相同，信号线72、保护套70的延伸方向与芯线10、第一换热管路20、第二换热管路30的延伸方向可以相同。
第二换热管路30可以限定出第二换热流道31，第二换热流道31内适于设置有换热介质，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第二换热流道31内的换热介质可以与第一换热流道21内的换热介质相同，例如第二换热流道31内的换热介质和第一换热流道21内的换热介质均可以为冷却液，例如但不限于乙二醇水溶液。作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第二换热流道31内的换热介质与第一换热流道21内的换热介质可以不同。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第二换热流道31可以与换热组件连通设置，换热组件能够驱动第二换热流道31内的换热介质(例如冷却液)流动。通过设置第二换热管路30，可以通过第二换热管路30降低芯线10的温度，以降低芯线10温度过高的概率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，至少相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有第二换热管路30。具体来说，至少相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有一个第二换热管路30，或者至少相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有多个第二换热管路30。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，沿某一直线方向，相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有第二换热管路30，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，如图4和图5所示，沿电缆100的周向方向，相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有第二换热管路30。这样设置可以使第二换热管路30的设置位置合理，能够充分利用第二换热流道31内的换热介质的冷量，能够降低芯线10温度过高的概率。
作为本申请的一个具体实施例，如图4和图5所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为两个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为两个，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。并且，两个芯线10中的1个可以为正极芯线50，两个芯线10中的另外1个可以为负极芯线60，第二换热管路30的数量可以设置为两个，沿电缆100的周向方向，相邻两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有一个第二换热管路30。具体来说，两个第一换热管路20、两个第二换热管路30可以沿电缆100的周向方向排列布置，并且沿电缆100的周向方向，相邻的两个第一换热管路20之间可以设置有一个第二换热管路30。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为多个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为多个，多个芯线10可以形成多组芯线组40，每组芯线组40外侧可以套设有第一换热管路20。作为本申请的一些可选实施例，多个芯线10(两个芯线10或者两个以上芯线10)可以绞合以形成一组芯线组40，多个第一换热管路20可以分别套设于多组芯线组40的外侧。
例如，芯线10的数量可以设置为8个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置两个，4个芯线10可以绞合以形成一组芯线组40，8个芯线10可以绞合以形成两组芯线组40，两个第一换热管路20可以分别套设于两组芯线组40的外侧。再例如，芯线10的数量可以设置为10个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置两个，5个芯线10可以绞合以形成一组芯线组40，10个芯线10可以绞合以形成两组芯线组40，两个第一换热管路20可以分别套设于两组芯线组40的外侧。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，绞合为一组芯线组40的多个芯线10的横截面积可以相同，绞合为一组芯线组40的多个芯线10的横截面积可以不同。
这样设置可以增加芯线10与冷却介质的接触面积，从而可以提高冷却效率，并且，在保持充电功率不变的基础上，可以缩小芯线10的横截面积，可以缩小电缆100外径，可以降低电缆100重量，不仅有利于节省材料，还可以便于用户操作电缆100，有利于提高用户的使用体验。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，每组芯线组40均可以具有填充物41，每组芯线组40的多个芯线10可以沿填充物41的周向围绕填充物41布置，填充物41可以支撑相应的多个芯线10。
其中，芯线组40可以具有多个芯线10和填充物41，多个芯线10可以绞合设置，并且多个芯线10可以沿填充物41的周向围绕填充物41布置，填充物41可以支撑相应的多个芯线10(具体来说，填充物41可以支撑围绕其周向布置的多个芯线10)，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，填充物41的材质可以为但不限于橡胶，填充物41可以支撑相应的多个芯线10，可以使芯线组40的外形圆整，并且，可以降低芯线组40变形的概率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，芯线10可以构造为填充物41，也就是就，可以使用芯线10作为填充物41，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，作为填充物41的芯线10可以与其他芯线10绞合设置，作为本申请的一些可选实施例，作为填充物41的芯线10可以不与其他芯线10绞合设置。通过将芯线10构造为填充物41，能够提高电缆100的载流能力，能够满足大功率充电的需求。
作为本申请的一个实施例，如图6所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为多个，多个芯线10可以形成两组芯线组40，每组芯线组40外侧均可以套设有第一换热管路20。其中一组芯线组40的芯线10均可以为正极芯线50，另一组芯线组40的芯线10均可以为负极芯线60。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图7所示，导体11可以内形成有第三换热流道14，第三换热流道14的内壁可以设置有第二绝缘层13，第三换热流道14内适于设置有换热介质。
具体来说，导体11的外侧套设有第一绝缘层12，导体11可以内形成有第三换热流道14，第三换热流道14的内壁可以设置有第二绝缘层13，也就是说，第二绝缘层13可以穿设于导体11设置，第三换热流道14内的换热介质可以为但不限于冷却液。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第三换热流道14内的换热介质和第一换热流道21内的换热介质可以相同。作为本申请的一些可选实施例，第三换热流道14可以与换热组件连通设置，换热组件能够驱动第三换热流道14内的换热介质(例如冷却液)流动。
通过在导体11内形成第三换热流道14，可以提高芯线10与冷却液的接触面积，从而可以提高冷却效率，并且，在保持充电功率不变的基础上，可以缩小芯线10的横截面积，有利于节省材料。
作为本申请的一个具体实施例，如图7所示，芯线10的数量可以设置为两个，第一换热管路20的数量可以设置为两个，每个第一换热管路20可以套设于对应的芯线10的外侧。并且，两个芯线10中的1个可以为正极芯线50，两个芯线10中的另外1个可以为负极芯线60。负极芯线60的导体11内形成第三换热流道14，正极芯线50的导体11内形成第三换热流道14，并且，第一换热流道21、第三换热流道14内的冷却介质均可以为乙二醇水溶液。
作为本申请的一些可选实施例，换热组件的数量可以设置为两个，正极芯线50外侧的第一换热流道21、正极芯线50内侧的第三换热流道14可以与其中一个换热组件连通，负极芯线60外侧的第一换热流道21、负极芯线60内侧的第三换热流道14可以与另一个换热组件连通。这样设置可以将正极芯线50的冷却回路和负极芯线60的冷却回路分离，可以降低电气通过冷却介质短路的概率，从而提高了电缆100的电气安全性，并且，这样设置有利于提高冷却液的冷却效果。
本申请的电缆100可以实现大幅度轻量化，降低幅度可达80％，便于用户使用。
本申请的电缆100可以实现外径大幅度减小，降低幅度可达70％。
在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电缆，其中，包括：
    芯线，所述芯线具有导体和第一绝缘层，所述导体的外侧套设有所述第一绝缘层；
    第一换热管路，所述第一换热管路套设于所述芯线外侧且与所述第一绝缘层共同限定出第一换热流道，所述第一换热流道内适于设有换热介质。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电缆，其中，所述芯线和所述第一换热管路均为多个，多个所述芯线和多个所述第一换热管路一一对应。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电缆，其中，还包括：换热组件，所述换热组件与所述第一换热流道连通且适于驱动所述第一换热流道内的所述换热介质流动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电缆，其中，所述换热组件为多个，至少两个所述第一换热流道分别与不同的所述换热组件连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电缆，其中，还包括：第二换热管路，所述第二换热管路设置为与所述芯线换热，所述第二换热管路限定出第二换热流道，所述第二换热流道内适于设有所述换热介质。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电缆，其中，至少相邻两个所述第一换热管路间设有所述第二换热管路。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电缆，其中，所述芯线、所述第一换热管路均为多个，多个所述芯线形成多组芯线组，每组所述芯线组外侧套设有所述第一换热管路。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电缆，其中，每组所述芯线组具有填充物，每组所述芯线组的多个所述芯线沿所述填充物的周向围绕所述填充物布置，所述填充物支撑相应的多个所述芯线。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电缆，其中，所述芯线构造为所述填充物。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电缆，其中，所述导体内形成有第三换热流道，所述第三换热流道的内壁设有第二绝缘层，所述第三换热流道内适于设有所述换热介质。
PCT/CN2024/101068 2023-07-04 2024-06-24 电缆 Ceased WO2025007768A1 (zh)

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CN218004470U (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-12-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 线缆和具有其的车辆
CN116779235A (zh) * 2023-07-04 2023-09-19 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 电缆
CN220065255U (zh) * 2023-07-04 2023-11-21 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 电缆

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WO2002093589A1 (en) * 2001-05-15 2002-11-21 Abb Ab Electric cable
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WO2022004942A1 (ko) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-06 대영채비(주) 히트파이프를 이용한 수냉식 급속 충전용 케이블
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