WO2025001608A1 - 电池及车辆 - Google Patents

电池及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025001608A1
WO2025001608A1 PCT/CN2024/093625 CN2024093625W WO2025001608A1 WO 2025001608 A1 WO2025001608 A1 WO 2025001608A1 CN 2024093625 W CN2024093625 W CN 2024093625W WO 2025001608 A1 WO2025001608 A1 WO 2025001608A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
frame
main body
area
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/093625
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵小南
周锦波
毛韵
苟涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd, Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025001608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001608A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to batteries and vehicles.
  • Electric vehicles need to use batteries for power, and the battery storage energy directly affects the vehicle's endurance.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery and a vehicle.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery, comprising: a battery frame, comprising a main body area and an extension area; the extension area protrudes from one end of the main body area in the length direction of the battery frame, and the size of the extension area in the width direction of the battery frame is smaller than the size of the main body area in the width direction, and the width direction of the battery frame is perpendicular to the length direction of the battery frame; at least one battery cell is assembled in the main body area; and a control device is assembled in the extension area.
  • the battery frame includes a first part that encloses the expansion area and a second part that encloses the main area; the first part includes an end frame parallel to the width direction and a pair of first frames inclined relative to the width direction; the end frame connects the pair of first frames.
  • one end of the second part includes a second frame having an opening, and the pair of first frames are respectively connected to two ends of the opening of the second frame.
  • the end frame is provided with a second interface, and at least one of the second interfaces is conductively connected to the control device.
  • the first part and/or the second part comprises a profile, and a buffer cavity is provided in the profile.
  • the main body area is rectangular; and the extended area is trapezoidal.
  • the main body area is provided with at least one spacer, which divides the main body area into multiple first assembly spaces, and each battery cell is assembled in one first assembly space; the main body area is provided with a second assembly space distributed along the length direction at a middle position; the multiple first assembly spaces are symmetrically arranged relative to the second assembly space.
  • the battery frame includes a bottom plate and a reinforcing beam arranged on the bottom plate; the reinforcing beam extends along the length direction and includes a first section located in the extension area and a second section located in the main body area.
  • the battery further includes a cooling plate; the cooling plate is disposed on the bottom plate and includes a first area located between the battery unit and the bottom plate and a second area located between the control device and the bottom plate.
  • the battery also includes a cover body; the cover body is assembled to the battery frame and covers the main area and the expansion area; the cover body is provided with a groove extending along the length direction on the side facing away from the battery frame, and the cooling pipe and/or cable of the battery is accommodated in the groove.
  • the battery frame includes a second part surrounding the main body area; and the cover body is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second part of the battery frame.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, comprising any battery as described in the first aspect.
  • the battery is mounted on a frame of the vehicle.
  • a lug is provided on an edge of the battery frame, and a plurality of frame connecting holes are provided on the lug, and the battery frame is fixedly connected to the frame of the vehicle through the plurality of frame connecting holes.
  • the battery is located beneath a cab of the vehicle.
  • the battery frame disclosed in the present invention includes a main body area and an extension area, the battery unit is assembled in the main body area, and the control device is assembled in the extension area.
  • the size of the extension area in the width direction is smaller than the size of the main body area in the width direction, so that the control device located in the battery extension area can be installed in a smaller space on the vehicle without occupying the installation space of the battery unit located in the main body area, thereby helping to increase the assembly space of the battery unit, improve the battery capacity, and thus improve the vehicle's endurance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery frame in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a battery in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an end frame in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth frame in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a battery perpendicular to the length direction in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a cooling plate in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a battery unit in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a cover body in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a battery in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial side structure of a vehicle in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial top view of a vehicle in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • words such as “front”, “rear”, “lower” and/or “upper”, “top”, “bottom” and the like are only for the convenience of description and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. Words such as “include” or “comprise” and the like mean that the elements or objects appearing before “include” or “comprise” include the elements or objects listed after “include” or “comprise” and their equivalents, and do not exclude In addition to other elements or objects.
  • Connected” or “connected” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
  • Electric vehicles need to use batteries to provide power, and the amount of energy stored in the battery directly affects the vehicle's endurance.
  • the battery assembly space is limited, and the battery not only includes an energy storage unit, but also includes a control device, cables and other structures.
  • the above structures occupy a large amount of internal space in the battery during the arrangement process, affecting the capacity of the energy storage unit, making it difficult to improve the vehicle's endurance time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery frame in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the solid double-sided arrow can represent the length direction of the battery
  • the dotted double-sided arrow can represent the width direction of the battery.
  • Battery 1 includes a battery frame 11, at least one battery cell 12, and a control device 13.
  • the battery frame 11 includes a main body area 111 and an extended area 112, the extended area 112 protruding from one end of the main body area 111 in the length direction of the battery frame 11, and the size of the extended area 112 in the width direction of the battery frame 11 is smaller than the size of the main body area 111 in the width direction, and the width direction of the battery frame 11 is perpendicular to the length direction of the battery frame 11.
  • the battery cell 12 is assembled in the main body area 111, and the control device 13 is assembled in the extended area 112.
  • the battery frame 11 includes a main body area 111 and an extension area 112.
  • the battery unit 12 is assembled in the main body area 111, and the control device 13 is assembled in the extension area 112.
  • the size of the extension area 112 in the width direction is smaller than the size of the main body area 111 in the width direction, so that the control device 13 located in the extension area 112 can be installed using a smaller space on the vehicle 2 (see Figures 10 and 11) without occupying the installation space of the battery unit 12 located in the main body area 111, thereby helping to increase the assembly space of the battery unit 12, improve the capacity of the battery 1, and thus improve the endurance of the vehicle 2.
  • the battery frame 11 may include a first portion 113 that encloses the expansion area 112 and a second portion 114 that encloses the main body area 111.
  • the first portion 113 includes an end frame 1132 parallel to the width direction and a pair of first frames 1131 that are arranged obliquely relative to the width direction, and the end frame 1132 connects the pair of first frames 1131.
  • the second part 114 includes a second frame 1141, a pair of third frames 1142 respectively connected to the second frame 1141, and a fourth frame 1143 opposite to the second frame 1141.
  • one end of the second part 114 includes a second frame 1141 with an opening, and a pair of first frames 1131 are respectively connected to the two ends of the opening of the second frame 1141.
  • the second frame 1141 is provided with an opening so that the first frame 1131 is connected to the two ends of the opening of the second frame 1141 to form an effect of connecting the main area 111 and the expansion area 112, so as to facilitate the connection between the control device 13 and the battery unit 12.
  • the opening may be located in the middle of the second frame 1141, and the width of the extension area 112 may be adjusted by adjusting the size of the opening so that the extension area 112 can be accommodated in the installation space of the vehicle 2 at one end of the main body area 111.
  • the second frame 1141 may be located at the front end of the main body area 111, and the front end may refer to the end close to the front of the vehicle when the battery 1 is assembled in the vehicle 2.
  • An installation space capable of accommodating the extension area 112 is formed at the front end of the main body area 111 of the vehicle 2 where the battery 1 is installed, and the extension area 112 assembled in the above installation space will not interfere with the structure and function of the vehicle 2.
  • a second interface 117 may be provided on the end frame 1132 of the first part 113 , and at least one of the second interfaces 117 is conductively connected to the control device 13 , so that the control mainboard or the electric device of the vehicle 2 can realize the control of the control device 13 and the transmission of electric energy by plugging with the second interface 117 .
  • the second interface 117 may include: at least one of a low voltage (LV, Low Voltage) charging port 1173, a high and low voltage charging system assembly (ODP, OBC (On-Board Charger, on-board charger) + DCDC (DC/DC converter) + PDU (Power Distribution Unit, power distribution unit)) port 1174, and a high voltage (HV, High Voltage) fast charging port 1175 .
  • the second interface 117 may also include a coolant inlet 1172 and a coolant outlet 1171 , and the present disclosure does not limit the type of the second interface 117 .
  • the second interface 117 may also be provided on the first frame 1131 .
  • the first part 113 and/or the second part 114 include a section material, and a buffer cavity is provided in the section material.
  • the section material and its buffer cavity can quickly absorb energy to protect the battery 1.
  • the first part 113 and/or the second part 114 may include at least two sections, and the adjacent sections are welded and fixed.
  • a pair of first frames 1131 and an end frame 1132 of the first part 113 each include a section material, and the three sections are welded and fixed to form a complete first part 113.
  • the second frame 1141, a pair of third frames 1142 and a fourth frame 1143 of the second part 114 each include at least one section material, and the adjacent two sections can be welded and fixed to form the second part 114 as a whole.
  • the above-mentioned section material may be an aluminum section material, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the fourth frame 1143 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 119 and a first interface 118 .
  • the first interface 118 may be a rear high-voltage charging port to achieve high-voltage charging at the rear end of the battery 1 .
  • the main body area 111 may be rectangular, and the extended area 112 may be trapezoidal.
  • the above-mentioned rectangle may be a regular rectangle, or an irregular rectangle including curved or bent edges.
  • the trapezoid may be a regular trapezoid, or an irregular trapezoid including curved or bent edges.
  • the rectangular main body area 111 can adapt to the rectangular space under the seat of the vehicle 2, and effectively utilize the battery installation space of the vehicle 2, while the trapezoidal extended area 112 can also maximize the use of the vehicle installation space at the front end of the main body area 111, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the control device 13.
  • the above-mentioned control device 13 may include a control and disconnection device for the battery 1, but the present disclosure is not limited to this.
  • the main body region 111 is provided with at least one spacer 115.
  • the parts 115 divide the main body area 111 into a plurality of first assembly spaces 1111, and each battery cell 12 is assembled in a first assembly space 1111.
  • the assembly of each battery cell 12 in a first assembly space 1111 can facilitate the disassembly, assembly and maintenance of a single battery cell 12, improve the disassembly, assembly and maintenance efficiency of the battery 1, and avoid heat accumulation caused by assembling multiple battery cells 12 in the same assembly space.
  • the battery cells 12 can be fixed to the main body area 111 by fasteners (e.g., screws) and hot melt adhesive to improve the assembly sealing and stability of the battery cells 12.
  • the main body region 111 is provided with a second assembly space 1112 distributed along the length direction in the middle position, and the first assembly space 1111 is symmetrically arranged relative to the second assembly space 1112.
  • the cables of the battery 1, the cooling pipes of the battery 1, etc. can be placed in the second assembly space 1112.
  • the cables and/or cooling pipes of the battery 1 are arranged between the symmetrically arranged first assembly spaces 1111, which can facilitate heat dissipation and conductive connection for each battery cell 12.
  • the battery frame 11 may include a bottom plate 14 and a reinforcing beam 18 disposed on the bottom plate 14.
  • the reinforcing beam 18 extends in the length direction and includes a first section 181 located in the expansion area 112 and a second section 182 located in the main body area 111.
  • the reinforcing beam 18 extending in the length direction can improve the structural strength of the bottom plate 14, the first section 181 is used to improve the structural strength of the expansion area 112, and the second section 182 is used to improve the structural strength of the main body area 111.
  • the reinforcing beam 18 may include a profile with a buffer cavity, which can not only improve the structural strength of the bottom plate 14 and the battery 1, but also form anti-collision protection for the battery 1.
  • the above-mentioned profile can be an aluminum profile, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the reinforcing beam 18 can divide the battery 1 into two symmetrical parts, so that the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing beam 18 on both sides of the battery 1 is consistent.
  • the battery 1 may further include a cooling plate 15, which is disposed on the bottom plate 14 and includes a first region 151 located between the battery cell 12 and the bottom plate 14 and a second region 152 located between the control device 13 and the bottom plate 14.
  • the cavity in the cooling plate 15 is connected to the cooling pipe, and the first region 151 of the cooling plate 15 can achieve heat dissipation and cooling of the battery cell 12, and the second region 152 of the cooling plate 15 can achieve heat dissipation and cooling of the control device 13.
  • a mica board 121 is provided on the top surface of the battery cell 12, and the mica board 121 can play an insulating and high temperature resistant role.
  • a heat insulating member 122 is provided on the mica board 121, and the heat insulating member 122 can isolate the external heat relative to the battery cell 12.
  • the heat insulating member 122 can be a plurality of foam strips arranged on the mica board 121.
  • a temperature detection terminal 123 conductively connected to the control device 13 is provided on the outside of the battery cell 12, so as to monitor the temperature of the battery cell 12 through the temperature detection terminal 123, so as to avoid safety hazards caused by high temperature of the battery cell 12.
  • the battery 1 further includes a cover 16 , which is assembled on the The battery frame 11 is provided with a groove 161 extending in the length direction on the side of the cover 16 facing away from the battery frame 11, and the cooling pipe and/or cable of the battery 1 are accommodated in the groove 161.
  • the groove 161 provided on the side of the cover 16 of the battery 1 facing away from the battery frame 11 can be used to accommodate the cable and cooling pipe of the battery 1, so that the top of the battery 1 is flat, thereby obtaining a larger flat area inside the vehicle 2.
  • the flat area inside the vehicle 2 can be used to move seats to adjust the riding space, passengers walking inside the vehicle 2, etc.
  • the cover 16 may be fixedly connected to the top surface of the second portion 114 of the battery frame 11.
  • a connection hole e.g., a threaded hole
  • the cover 16 and the second portion 114 may be fixedly connected by a fastener (e.g., a screw) passing through the connection hole.
  • the connection holes may be arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the frame of the second portion 114 to improve the connection reliability between the cover 16 and the battery frame 11.
  • the outer surface of the cover 16 facing away from the battery frame 11 may be further provided with a heat insulating foam 17 to isolate the external heat of the battery 1 and prevent the external heat from affecting the temperature of the battery 1 .
  • a lug 116 is provided on the edge of the battery frame 11, and a plurality of frame connection holes are provided on the lug 116.
  • the battery frame 11 can be fixedly connected to the frame 22 (see FIG. 11 ) by passing through the frame connection holes on the lug 116 on the edge of the battery frame 11 with fasteners such as screws.
  • the above connection method is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and can realize rapid disassembly and assembly of the battery 1 as a whole.
  • the above battery frame 11 can be fixedly connected to the frame 22 through the frame connection holes, and the battery 1 can be replaced by disassembling and assembling fasteners such as screws.
  • the assembly method of the above battery 1 is convenient for disassembly and assembly for shared vehicles, which helps to improve the convenience of repairing and replacing the batteries of shared vehicles.
  • the present disclosure further provides a vehicle 2 , which includes the battery 1 .
  • the above-mentioned battery 1 can be installed on the frame 22 of the vehicle 2 and be located below the cab 21 of the vehicle 2, so that the main area 111 of the battery 1 can obtain a larger installation space and the extended area 112 can obtain an adaptive installation space, which helps to improve the energy storage capacity of the battery 1 and the endurance of the vehicle 2.
  • the battery frame 11 includes a main body area 111 and an extension area 112.
  • the battery unit 12 is assembled in the main body area 111, and the control device 13 is assembled in the extension area 112.
  • the size of the extension area 112 in the width direction is smaller than the size of the main body area 111 in the width direction, so that the extension area 112 can be installed in a smaller space on the vehicle 2 without occupying the installation space of the main body area 111, thereby helping to increase the assembly space of the battery unit 12 and improve the capacity of the battery 1, thereby improving the endurance of the vehicle 2.
  • vehicle 2 including the battery 1 may be a shared car, a private car, a truck, a bus, etc., and the present disclosure does not limit this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种电池及车辆。电池(1)包括电池框(11)、至少一个电池单元(12)和控制装置(13)。电池框(11)包括主体区域(111)和扩展区域(112)，电池单元(12)组装于主体区域(111)，控制装置(13)组装于扩展区域(112)。扩展区域(112)在电池框(11)的长度方向上突出于主体区域(111)的一端，扩展区域(112)在电池框(11)的宽度方向上的尺寸小于主体区域(111)在宽度方向上的尺寸。

Description

电池及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2023年6月29日提交的、申请号为202310788190.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及但不限于车辆技术领域，具体涉及电池及车辆。
背景技术
电动车辆需要利用电池提供动力，电池储能量直接影响车辆的续航能力。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本公开提供一种电池及车辆。
本公开的第一方面提供一种电池，包括：电池框，包括主体区域和扩展区域；所述扩展区域在所述电池框的长度方向上突出于所述主体区域的一端，且所述扩展区域在所述电池框的宽度方向上的尺寸小于所述主体区域在所述宽度方向上的尺寸，所述电池框的宽度方向垂直于所述电池框的长度方向；至少一个电池单元，组装于所述主体区域；控制装置，组装于所述扩展区域。
可选地，所述电池框包括围成所述扩展区域的第一部分和围成所述主体区域的第二部分；所述第一部分包括平行于所述宽度方向的端部边框和相对于所述宽度方向倾斜设置的一对第一边框；所述端部边框连接所述一对第一边框。
可选地，所述第二部分的一端包括设有开口的第二边框，所述一对第一边框分别与所述第二边框的开口两端连接。
可选地，所述端部边框设有第二接口，所述第二接口中的至少一个与所述控制装置导电连接。
可选地，所述第一部分和/或所述第二部分包括型材，所述型材内设有缓冲空腔。
可选地，所述主体区域呈矩形；所述扩展区域呈梯形。
可选地，所述主体区域设有至少一个间隔件，所述间隔件将所述主体区域划分为多个第一组装空间，每个所述电池单元组装于一个所述第一组装空间；所述主体区域在中间位置设有沿所述长度方向分布的第二组装空间；所述多个第一组装空间相对于所述第二组装空间对称设置。
可选地，所述电池框包括底板和设置于所述底板的加强梁；所述加强梁沿所述长度方向延伸，且包括位于所述扩展区域的第一区段和位于所述主体区域的第二区段。
可选地，所述电池还包括冷却板；所述冷却板设置于所述底板，且包括位于所述电池单元与所述底板之间的第一区域和位于所述控制装置与所述底板之间的第二区域。
可选地，所述电池还包括盖体；所述盖体组装于所述电池框，且覆盖所述主体区域和所述扩展区域；所述盖体背对所述电池框的一侧设有沿所述长度方向延伸的凹槽，所述电池的冷却管道和/或线缆收容于所述凹槽。
可选地，所述电池框包括围成所述主体区域的第二部分；所述盖体与所述电池框的所述第二部分的顶面固定连接。
本公开的第二方面提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括如第一方面所述的任一电池。
可选地，所述电池安装在所述车辆的车架。
可选地，所述电池框的边沿设有凸耳，所述凸耳上设有多个车架连接孔，所述电池框通过所述多个车架连接孔与所述车辆的所述车架固定连接。
可选地，所述电池位于所述车辆的驾驶室的下方。
本公开的电池框包括主体区域和扩展区域，电池单元组装于主体区域，控制装置组装于扩展区域。扩展区域在宽度方向上的尺寸小于主体区域在宽度方向上的尺寸，使得位于电池扩展区域的控制装置能够利用车辆上的较小空间实现安装，而不必占用位于主体区域电池单元的安装空间，因而有助于增加电池单元的组装空间、提高电池容量，从而提升车辆续航能力。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
图1是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池框的结构示意图。
图2是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池的立体结构示意图。
图3是本公开一示例性实施例中一种端部边框的结构示意图。
图4是本公开一示例性实施例中一种第四边框的结构示意图。
图5是本公开一示例性实施例中电池垂直于长度方向的截面结构示意图。
图6是本公开一示例性实施例中一种冷却板的立体结构示意图。
图7是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池单元的立体结构示意图。
图8是本公开一示例性实施例中一种盖体的立体结构示意图。
图9是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池的俯视结构示意图。
图10是本公开一示例性实施例中一种车辆的局部侧面结构示意图。
图11是本公开一示例性实施例中一种车辆的局部俯视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。除非另作定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常含义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个，若仅指代“一个”时会再单独说明。“多个”或者“若干”表示两个及两个以上。除非另行指出，“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”、“顶部”、“底部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明，而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，并不排 除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而且可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
电动车辆需要利用电池提供动力，电池储能量直接影响车辆的续航能力。然而在相关技术中，电池组装空间受限，而电池不仅包含储能单元，还包含控制装置、线缆等结构，上述结构在排布过程中大大占用了电池内部空间，影响了储能单元的容量，使得车辆的续航时间(endurance time)难以获得提升。
有鉴于此，本公开提供一种电池。图1是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池框的结构示意图，图2是本公开一示例性实施例中一种电池的结构示意图。如图1、图2所示，实线双向箭头可以代表电池的长度方向，虚线双向箭头可以代表电池的宽度方向。电池1包括电池框11、至少一个电池单元12、控制装置13。电池框11包括主体区域111和扩展区域112，扩展区域112在电池框11的长度方向上突出于主体区域111的一端，且扩展区域112在电池框11的宽度方向上的尺寸小于主体区域111在宽度方向上的尺寸，电池框11的宽度方向垂直于电池框11的长度方向。电池单元12组装于主体区域111，控制装置13组装于扩展区域112。
电池框11包括主体区域111和扩展区域112，电池单元12组装于主体区域111，控制装置13组装于扩展区域112。扩展区域112在宽度方向上的尺寸小于主体区域111在宽度方向上的尺寸，使得位于扩展区域112的控制装置13能够利用车辆2(参见图10和图11)上的较小空间实现安装，而不必占用位于主体区域111的电池单元12的安装空间，因而有助于增加电池单元12的组装空间、提高电池1的容量，从而提升车辆2的续航能力。
在一些实施例中，电池框11可以包括围成扩展区域112的第一部分113和围成主体区域111的第二部分114。第一部分113包括平行于宽度方向的端部边框1132和相对于宽度方向倾斜设置的一对第一边框1131，端部边框1132连接一对第一边框1131。通过相对于宽度方向倾斜设置的第一边框1131缩小第一部分113的整体宽度，使扩展区域112在长度方向上任一位置处的宽度小于主体区域111的宽度。
第二部分114包括第二边框1141、分别与第二边框1141相连的一对第三边框1142以及与第二边框1141相对的第四边框1143。在上述实施例中，第二部分114的一端包括设有开口的第二边框1141，一对第一边框1131分别与第二边框1141的开口两端连接。第二边框1141设有开口使得第一边框1131与第二边框1141的开口两端连接后形成主体区域111和扩展区域112连通的效果，以便于控制装置13与电池单元12的连接。其 中，开口可以位于第二边框1141的中间位置，通过调节开口大小以调整扩展区域112的宽度，使扩展区域112能够收容于车辆2位于主体区域111一端的安装空间。上述第二边框1141可以位于主体区域111的前端，前端可以指当电池1组装于车辆2时靠近车头的一端，在车辆2的安装电池1主体区域111的前端形成有能够收容扩展区域112的安装空间，扩展区域112组装于上述安装空间不会干涉车辆2的结构及功能。
此外，如图3所示，第一部分113的端部边框1132上可以设有第二接口117，第二接口117中的至少一个与控制装置13导电连接，以使车辆2的控制主板或用电设备可以通过与第二接口117的插接实现对控制装置13的控制以及电能传输。例如，上述第二接口117可以包括：低压(LV，Low Voltage)充电端口1173、高低压充电系统总成(ODP，OBC(On-Board Charger，车载充电机)+DCDC(DC/DC变换器)+PDU(Power Distribution Unit，电源分配单元)的简称)端口1174、高压(HV，High Voltage)快充端口1175中的至少一个。或者，上述第二接口117也可以包括冷却液进口1172和冷却液出口1171，本公开并不对第二接口117的类型进行限制。在其他实施例中，第二接口117也可以设置于第一边框1131。
在上述实施例中，第一部分113和/或第二部分114包括型材(section material)，型材内设有缓冲空腔，当电池1发生碰撞时，型材及其缓冲空腔可快速吸能，保护电池1。第一部分113和/或第二部分114可以包括至少两块型材，相邻型材之间焊接固定。例如，第一部分113的一对第一边框1131和端部边框1132各自包括一块型材，三块型材通过焊接固定形成完整的第一部分113。再例如，第二部分114的第二边框1141、一对第三边框1142和第四边框1143各自包括至少一块型材，相邻两个型材之间可以通过焊接固定形成第二部分114整体。上述型材可以是铝型材，但本公开不限于此。
如图4所示，上述第四边框1143设有防爆阀119和第一接口118。第一接口118可以为后端高压充电端口，以在电池1的后端实现高压充电。
需要说明的是，主体区域111可呈矩形，扩展区域112可呈梯形。上述矩形可以是规整的矩形，也可以是包含曲线或弯折边沿的不规整的矩形。同样，梯形可以为规整的梯形，也可以是包含曲线或弯折边沿的不规整的梯形。其中，矩形的主体区域111能够适配车辆2座椅下方的矩形空间，有效利用车辆2的电池安装空间，而梯形的扩展区域112也能够最大限度的利用主体区域111前端的车辆安装空间，便于排布控制装置13。上述控制装置13可以包括电池1的控制及断开装置，但本公开不限于此。
在一些实施例中，如图1、图5所示，主体区域111设有至少一个间隔件115，间隔 件115将主体区域111划分为多个第一组装空间1111，每个电池单元12组装于一个第一组装空间1111。每个电池单元12组装于一个第一组装空间1111能够便于针对单个电池单元12的拆卸、组装和维修，提升电池1的拆装及维修效率，同时避免多个电池单元12组装于同一组装空间而发生热量堆积。上述电池单元12可以通过紧固件(例如，螺钉)以及热熔胶固定在主体区域111，以提升电池单元12的组装密封性和稳固性。
在上述实施例中，主体区域111在中间位置设有沿长度方向分布的第二组装空间1112，第一组装空间1111相对于第二组装空间1112对称设置。电池1的线缆、电池1的冷却管道等可以放置在第二组装空间1112。将电池1的线缆和/或冷却管道设置在对称设置的第一组装空间1111之间可以便于针对每个电池单元12进行散热和导电连接。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图5所示，电池框11可以包括底板14和设置于底板14的加强梁18。加强梁18沿长度方向延伸，且包括位于扩展区域112的第一区段181和位于主体区域111的第二区段182。通过沿长度方向延伸的加强梁18可以提升底板14的结构强度，利用第一区段181提升扩展区域112的结构强度，利用第二区段182提升主体区域111的结构强度。
其中，加强梁18可以包括带有缓冲腔体的型材，这不仅能够提升底板14及电池1的结构强度，还能够针对电池1形成防撞保护。上述型材可以为铝型材，但本公开不限于此。加强梁18可以将电池1分成对称的两个部分，进而使得加强梁18对电池1两侧的加强效果一致。
在一些实施例中，如图5、图6所示，电池1还可以包括冷却板15，冷却板15设置于底板14，且包括位于电池单元12与底板14之间的第一区域151和位于控制装置13与底板14之间的第二区域152。冷却板15内的腔体与冷却管道连通，冷却板15的第一区域151可以实现对电池单元12的散热降温，冷却板15的第二区域152可以实现对控制装置13的散热降温。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，电池单元12的顶面设有云母板121，云母板121可以起到绝缘和耐高温作用。云母板121上设有隔热构件122，隔热构件122能够隔离相对于该电池单元12的外部热量。隔热构件122可以是设置于云母板121上的若干泡棉条。电池单元12外部设有与控制装置13导电连接的温度检测端子123，以通过温度检测端子123实现对电池单元12的温度监控，避免电池单元12高热而发生安全隐患。
在一些实施例中，如图5、图8、图9所示，电池1还包括盖体16，盖体16组装于 电池框11，且覆盖主体区域111和扩展区域112。盖体16背对电池框11的一侧设有沿长度方向延伸的凹槽161，电池1的冷却管道和/或线缆收容于凹槽161。在电池1的盖体16背对电池框11的一侧设置凹槽161能够用于收容电池1的线缆和冷却管道，使得电池1的顶部平整，进而在车辆2内部获得较大的平整区域。车辆2内部的平整区域可以用于移动座椅以调整乘坐空间、乘客在车辆2内部的行走等。
上述盖体16可以与电池框11的第二部分114的顶面固定连接。例如，可以在第二部分114的顶面设置连接孔(例如，螺纹孔)，盖体16和第二部分114通过穿过上述连接孔的紧固件(例如，螺钉)固定连接。上述连接孔可以沿第二部分114的框体延伸方向间隔排布，以提升盖体16和电池框11的连接可靠性。
如图5所示，上述盖体16背对电池框11的外表面可以进一步设有隔热泡棉17，以隔离电池1的外部热量，避免外部热量影响电池1的温度。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图5所示，电池框11的边沿设有凸耳116，凸耳116上设有若干车架连接孔，可以通过螺钉等紧固件穿过电池框11边沿的凸耳116上的车架连接孔实现电池框11与车架22(参见图11)的固定连接，上述连接方式便于拆装，能够实现针对电池1整体的快速拆装。上述电池框11可以通过车架连接孔与车架22固定连接，通过拆装螺钉等紧固件即可实现电池1的更换。上述电池1的组装方式针对共享车辆而言，便于拆装，有助于提升共享车辆的电池的维修和更换便利性。
本公开进一步提供一种车辆2，车辆2包括上述电池1。
如图10、图11所示，上述电池1可以安装在车辆2的车架22，且位于车辆2驾驶室21的下方，使得电池1的主体区域111能够获得较大的安装空间，扩展区域112能够获得适配的安装空间，有助于提升电池1的储能量以及车辆2的续航能力。
上述电池框11包括主体区域111和扩展区域112，电池单元12组装于主体区域111，控制装置13组装于扩展区域112。扩展区域112在宽度方向上的尺寸小于主体区域111在宽度方向上的尺寸，使得扩展区域112能够安装于车辆2上的较小空间内，而不必占用主体区域111的安装空间，因而有助于增加电池单元12的组装空间、提高电池1的容量，从而提升车辆2的续航能力。
需要说明的是，包含上述电池1的上述车辆2可以是共享汽车、私家车、货车、公交车等，本公开并不对此进行限制。
以上所述仅为本公开的一些实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开。凡在本公开的精神 和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开保护的范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    电池框，包括主体区域和扩展区域；所述扩展区域在所述电池框的长度方向上突出于所述主体区域的一端，且所述扩展区域在所述电池框的宽度方向上的尺寸小于所述主体区域在所述宽度方向上的尺寸，所述电池框的宽度方向垂直于所述电池框的长度方向；
    至少一个电池单元，组装于所述主体区域；以及
    控制装置，组装于所述扩展区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述电池框包括围成所述扩展区域的第一部分和围成所述主体区域的第二部分；
    所述第一部分包括平行于所述宽度方向的端部边框和相对于所述宽度方向倾斜设置的一对第一边框；
    所述端部边框连接所述一对第一边框。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述第二部分的一端包括设有开口的第二边框，所述一对第一边框分别与所述第二边框的开口两端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其中，所述端部边框设有第二接口，所述第二接口中的至少一个与所述控制装置导电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一部分和/或所述第二部分包括型材，所述型材内设有缓冲空腔。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述主体区域呈矩形；所述扩展区域呈梯形。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述主体区域设有至少一个间隔件，所述间隔件将所述主体区域划分为多个第一组装空间，每个所述电池单元组装于一个所述第一组装空间；
    所述主体区域在中间位置设有沿所述长度方向分布的第二组装空间；所述多个第一组装空间相对于所述第二组装空间对称设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池框包括底板和设置于所述底板的加强梁；
    所述加强梁沿所述长度方向延伸，且包括位于所述扩展区域的第一区段和位于所述主体区域的第二区段。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，还包括冷却板；
    所述冷却板设置于所述底板，且包括位于所述电池单元与所述底板之间的第一区域 和位于所述控制装置与所述底板之间的第二区域。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电池，还包括盖体；
    所述盖体组装于所述电池框，且覆盖所述主体区域和所述扩展区域；
    所述盖体背对所述电池框的一侧设有沿所述长度方向延伸的凹槽，所述电池的冷却管道和/或线缆收容于所述凹槽。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述电池框包括围成所述主体区域的第二部分；所述盖体与所述电池框的所述第二部分的顶面固定连接。
  12. 一种车辆，包括如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的车辆，其中，所述电池安装在所述车辆的车架。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的车辆，其中，所述电池框的边沿设有凸耳，
    所述凸耳上设有多个车架连接孔，
    所述电池框通过所述多个车架连接孔与所述车辆的所述车架固定连接。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的车辆，其中，所述电池位于所述车辆的驾驶室的下方。
PCT/CN2024/093625 2023-06-29 2024-05-16 电池及车辆 Ceased WO2025001608A1 (zh)

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JP2006185863A (ja) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用電池パックの搭載構造
CN112331981A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2021-02-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池包和车辆
CN114388968A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-22 上海捷新动力电池系统有限公司 一种采用软包电芯的无模组电池包集成装置
CN116914354A (zh) * 2023-06-29 2023-10-20 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 电池及车辆

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JP2006185863A (ja) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用電池パックの搭載構造
CN112331981A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2021-02-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池包和车辆
CN114388968A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-22 上海捷新动力电池系统有限公司 一种采用软包电芯的无模组电池包集成装置
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