WO2025001353A1 - 防护电路和相关装置 - Google Patents

防护电路和相关装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2025001353A1
WO2025001353A1 PCT/CN2024/083388 CN2024083388W WO2025001353A1 WO 2025001353 A1 WO2025001353 A1 WO 2025001353A1 CN 2024083388 W CN2024083388 W CN 2024083388W WO 2025001353 A1 WO2025001353 A1 WO 2025001353A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
power management
management chip
pole
sim card
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/083388
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
段伟亮
张铁利
房玉龙
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honor Device Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honor Device Co Ltd filed Critical Honor Device Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025001353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001353A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for DC systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to protection circuits and related devices.
  • SIM subscriber identity modules
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a protection circuit and related devices, which are applied to the field of terminal technology.
  • a MOS tube is arranged between the SIM card holder and the power management chip, and the power management chip is protected by the on-off characteristics of the MOS. In this way, when the SIM card holder encounters an external surge or DC overvoltage, the MOS tube is turned off to protect the power management chip.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a protection circuit.
  • the circuit includes: a first power management chip, a SIM card holder, a switch unit and a control module; the first power management chip is connected to the first pole of the switch unit, the SIM card holder is connected to the second pole of the switch unit, and the third pole of the switch unit is controlled by the control module; the first power management chip is used to supply power to the SIM card holder through the switch unit; the SIM card holder is used to assemble the SIM card; the control module is used to output a first voltage, so that the switch unit is in an off state when subjected to an external surge or a DC overvoltage, and the switch unit is in an on state when not subjected to an external surge or a DC overvoltage; wherein the voltage value of the first voltage is greater than the sum of the voltage output by the first power management chip and the threshold voltage of the switch tube in the switch unit.
  • the switch unit can interrupt the connection between the SIM card holder and the first power management chip to protect the power management chip, the battery, and the like.
  • the switching unit includes a first switching tube Q1; the first pole of Q1 is connected to the first power management chip, the second pole of Q1 is connected to the SIM card holder, and the third pole of Q1 is controlled by the control module; wherein the voltage value of the first voltage is less than or equal to the sum of the threshold voltage of Q1 and the second voltage; the second voltage is the maximum voltage that the first power management chip can withstand.
  • the switch unit can be composed of a switch tube, which has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
  • control module is further configured to adjust the first voltage based on the voltage value output by the first power management chip; A voltage is greater than the sum of the voltage output by the first power management chip and the first value, the first value is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage of Q1, and the first value is a constant value.
  • the first voltage can be dynamically adjusted based on the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder, which is applicable to SIM cards of various voltage specifications, thereby increasing the practicality of the protection circuit.
  • the first voltage is relatively small, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal device.
  • the switching unit includes a second switching tube Q2 and a third switching tube Q3; the first pole of Q2 is connected to the SIM card socket, the second pole of Q2 is connected to the second pole of Q3, the first pole of Q3 is connected to the first power management chip, and the third pole of Q2 and the third pole of Q3 are both controlled by the control module; wherein the voltage value of the first voltage is less than or equal to the sum of the threshold voltage of Q3 and the second voltage; the second voltage is the maximum voltage that the first power management chip can withstand.
  • control module includes: a first voltage divider unit, a second voltage divider unit and a second power management chip; the second power management chip is connected to one end of the first voltage divider unit, the other end of the first voltage divider unit is connected to one end of the second voltage divider unit, the other end of the second voltage divider unit is grounded, and the other end of the first voltage divider unit is connected to the third pole of the switch unit; the first voltage divider unit and the second voltage divider unit are used to adjust the voltage output by the second power management chip so that the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit is the first voltage.
  • the second power management chip can be an existing chip in the terminal device, and there is no need to add a new one, thereby reducing costs.
  • the second power management chip is also used to drive and control other modules, and the other modules may be a power management unit (PMU) or other types of modules.
  • PMU power management unit
  • the first voltage dividing unit includes a first resistor R1, and the second voltage dividing unit includes a second resistor R2; the second power management chip is connected to one end of R1, the other end of R1 is connected to one end of R2, the other end of R2 is grounded, and the other end of R1 is connected to the third pole of the switch unit; R1 and R2 are used to adjust the voltage output by the second power management chip so that the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit is the first voltage.
  • the second power management chip includes a boost structure
  • the boost structure is used to boost and adjust the voltage input to the second power management chip so that the voltage output by the second power management chip is greater than or equal to the first voltage.
  • the second power management chip can be powered by a relatively small voltage, and the switch unit can be controlled, which is easy to implement and consumes less power.
  • control module includes: a programmable power supply chip; the programmable power supply chip is used to control the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit to be the first voltage.
  • the switch unit is controlled by a programmable power chip.
  • the programmable power supply chip includes: a voltage adjustment module, a feedback module, a control logic and a driving module; the voltage adjustment unit is used to adjust the first voltage output by the programmable power supply; the feedback module is used to feed back the error between the preset voltage and the voltage actually output by the voltage adjustment unit to the control logic; the preset voltage is the output voltage preset by the voltage adjustment unit; the control logic is used to output an adjustment signal to the driving module; and the driving module is used to drive the voltage adjustment unit based on the adjustment signal to adjust the voltage actually output by the voltage adjustment module.
  • the voltage actually output by the voltage adjustment unit can be adjusted in real time, making the control more precise.
  • the programmable power chip further includes: an interface control module; the interface control module is used to adjust a voltage value corresponding to a first voltage output by the programmable power chip based on a signal transmitted from the controller.
  • the first module can also adjust the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage based on SIM cards of different specifications, thereby improving practicality.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which may also be referred to as a terminal, a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a smart TV, a wearable device, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • the terminal device includes: any protection circuit of the first aspect.
  • the terminal device further includes a controller, and the controller is used to adjust the voltage output by the first power management chip in the protection circuit based on the SIM card assembled in the SIM card holder.
  • the controller is further used to adjust the voltage value of the first voltage output by the control unit in the protection circuit based on the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder.
  • the first voltage in the protection circuit is adjusted based on the SIM card to adapt to different SIM cards, thereby improving practicality.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a SIM card circuit in a possible design
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit structure in a possible design
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switch unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switch unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second power management chip provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a programmable power chip provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a controller and a control module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switch unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects.
  • the first chip and the second chip are only used to distinguish different chips, and their order is not limited.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not necessarily limit them to be different.
  • At least one refers to one or more
  • plural refers to two or more.
  • And/or describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • At least one of the following items or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items.
  • At least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a--c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • the terminal device of the embodiment of the present application may also be any form of electronic device, for example, the electronic device may include a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, etc.
  • some electronic devices are: mobile phones, tablet computers, PDAs, laptop computers, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, etc.
  • the present invention relates to wireless terminals in a smart city, wireless terminals in a smart home, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), handheld devices with wireless communication functions, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in a 5G network, or terminal devices in a public land mobile network (PLMN) to be evolved in the future, etc.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the electronic device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices may also be referred to as wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices, but also powerful functions achieved through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, and fully or partially independent of smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as devices that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various types of smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.
  • the electronic device may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • IoT is an important part of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network that interconnects people and machines and things.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as: terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • access terminal user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
  • the electronic device or each network device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • the hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and a memory (also called main memory).
  • the operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as Linux operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system, or Windows operating system.
  • the application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • SIM subscriber identity modules
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a SIM card circuit in a possible design.
  • the SIM card circuit includes: a power management chip 101 and a SIM card holder 102.
  • the power management chip 101 and the SIM card holder 102 are connected.
  • the power management chip 101 is used to supply power to the SIM card holder 102.
  • the SIM card holder 102 is used to mount a SIM card.
  • the SIM card circuit may encounter external surges or DC overvoltage, which may damage the power management chip 101. Specifically, due to static electricity, deliberate damage, plugging and unplugging of the SIM card, and other reasons, a voltage may be generated on the SIM card holder 102, and the voltage may be transmitted to the power management chip 101, thereby damaging the first power management chip 101.
  • an external surge or DC overvoltage may generate a 10V voltage on the SIM card holder 102. If the 10V voltage is transmitted to the power management chip 101, the power management chip 101 may be damaged.
  • a transient voltage suppressor (TVS tube) is connected to the SIM card holder side to suppress external surges or DC overvoltage.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit in a possible design.
  • the protection circuit includes: a power management chip 201 , a SIM card holder 202 and a TVS tube 203 .
  • the power management chip 201 supplies power to the SIM card holder 202.
  • One end of the TVS tube 203 is connected to the SIM card holder 202, and the other end of the TVS tube 203 is grounded.
  • the high impedance between the two poles can be changed to a low impedance at a speed of 10 to the negative 12th power of seconds, absorbing surge power of up to several kilowatts.
  • the voltage between the two electrodes is clamped at a predetermined value, thereby reducing the damage of the surge pulse to the circuit.
  • the TVS tube 203 can absorb part or all of the surge power, thereby reducing damage to the power management chip 201 due to the surge or DC voltage.
  • the TVS tube cannot protect and the power management chip may be damaged.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a protection circuit and related devices.
  • a MOS tube is arranged between the SIM card holder and the power management chip, and the power management chip is protected by the on-off characteristics of the MOS. In this way, when the SIM card holder encounters an external surge or DC overvoltage, the MOS tube is turned off to protect the power management chip.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the protection circuit includes: a first power management chip 301 , a SIM card holder 302 , a switch unit 303 and a control module 304 .
  • the first power management chip 301 is connected to a first pole of the switch unit 303
  • the SIM card holder 302 is connected to a second pole of the switch unit 303
  • a third pole of the switch unit 303 is controlled by the control module 304 .
  • the first power management chip 301 is used to supply power to the SIM card holder 302 via the switch unit 303.
  • the first power management chip is connected to the power supply and can adjust the voltage output by the power supply to a suitable voltage to supply power to the SIM card holder 302.
  • the SIM card holder 302 is used to mount a SIM card.
  • the SIM card holder 302 can be mounted with different types of SIM cards.
  • the first power management chip 301 can output a suitable voltage based on the SIM card mounted on the SIM card holder 302.
  • the first power management chip 301 can output a voltage of 3V or 1.8V.
  • the SIM card holder 302 includes a pin for outputting a signal and a VCC pin for supplying power.
  • the VCC pin is connected to a first pole of the switch unit 303 .
  • Pins for outputting signals include, but are not limited to: RST pins for transmitting reset signals, CLK pins for transmitting clock signals, and I/O pins for transmitting data signals.
  • RST pins, CLK pins, and I/O pins are all connected to modules with control functions in terminal devices, such as processors, system on chip (SOC), etc.
  • SIM cards include Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, and the like. Different types of SIM cards may have different corresponding operating voltages. For example, the corresponding operating voltage of a Nano SIM card is 1.8V, and the corresponding operating voltage of a Micro SIM card is 3V. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specifications and types of SIM cards.
  • a level conversion device is further provided between the SIM card holder 302 and the first power management chip 301 .
  • the level conversion device is used to convert voltage to provide a suitable voltage for the SIM card holder 302 .
  • the switch unit 303 is turned off when the SIM card holder 302 is subjected to an external surge or a DC overvoltage, and is turned on when the SIM card holder 302 is not subjected to an external surge or a DC overvoltage.
  • the control module 304 is used to control the switch unit 303 to be turned off when subjected to external surge or DC overvoltage.
  • the control module 304 is also used to control the switch unit 303 to be turned on when the SIM card holder 302 is not subjected to external surge or DC overvoltage.
  • the switch unit 303 is composed of a switch tube.
  • the switch unit 303 is composed of an N-type switch tube.
  • the switch unit 303 includes a switch tube Q1.
  • the first pole of Q1 is connected to the first power management chip 301, the second pole of Q1 is connected to the SIM card holder 302, and the third pole of Q1 is controlled by the control module 304.
  • the control module 304 is used to control the voltage at the third pole of Q1 to be a first voltage.
  • the voltage value of the first voltage is less than or equal to the sum of the threshold voltage of Q1 and the second voltage.
  • the second voltage is the maximum voltage that the first power management chip can withstand.
  • the switch tube Q1 can be a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor, MOSFET), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT), or a power triode, a gallium nitride (GaN) transistor, or other types of power devices.
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • the threshold voltage may also be referred to as a turn-on voltage, a conduction threshold voltage, etc.
  • the control module 304 controls the voltage at the third electrode of Q1 to be a first voltage.
  • the first voltage is greater than or equal to the sum of the third voltage and the threshold voltage of Q1.
  • the voltage at the third pole of Q1 is the first voltage, and the first power management chip 301 outputs the third voltage.
  • the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage of Q1, Q1 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302.
  • the third voltage may be 3V or 1.8V.
  • the third voltage corresponds to the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the third voltage.
  • the fourth voltage enters the protection circuit through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the voltage of the second pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage of the first pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q1 and the voltage at the first pole is less than the threshold voltage, and Q1 is turned off.
  • the fourth voltage is the voltage caused by a surge or DC overvoltage.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q1 is the third voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of the switch tube Q1 and the voltage at the first pole is greater than the threshold voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the second voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1 to achieve normal operation of the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • the threshold voltage of Q1 is 1V
  • the third voltage is 3V
  • the second voltage is 6V
  • the fourth voltage is 10V
  • the voltage at the gate of Q1, that is, the first voltage may be between 4V and 7V.
  • the voltage at the gate of Q1 is between 4V and 7V, and the voltage at the source of Q1 is the third voltage 3V.
  • the voltage difference between the gate and the source of Q1 is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, and Q1 is turned on.
  • the first power management chip 301 transmits a 3V voltage to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1.
  • the fourth voltage enters the protection circuit through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the fourth voltage causes the voltage at the drain of Q1 and the voltage at the source of Q1 to rise.
  • the voltage at the source of Q1 rises to the first value, the difference between the voltage at the gate of Q1 and the voltage at the source of Q1 is less than the threshold voltage, and Q1 is turned off.
  • the voltage at the gate of Q1 is between 4V and 7V, and the voltage at the source of Q1 is the third voltage 3V.
  • the voltage difference between the gate and the source of Q1 is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, and Q1 is turned on.
  • the first power management chip 301 transmits a 3V voltage to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1.
  • the switch unit 303 is composed of two N-type switch tubes.
  • the switch unit 303 includes a switch tube Q2 and a switch tube Q3 .
  • the first pole of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the SIM card holder 302, the second pole of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the second pole of the switch tube Q3, the first pole of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the first power management chip 301, and the third pole of Q2 and the third pole of Q3 are both controlled by the control module 304.
  • the control module 304 is used to control the voltage at the third pole of Q3 to be the first voltage.
  • the voltage value of the first voltage is less than or equal to the sum of the threshold voltage of Q3 and the second voltage.
  • the second voltage is the maximum voltage that the first power management chip can withstand.
  • the switch tube Q2 and the switch tube Q3 may be metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor, MOSFET), insulated gate bipolar transistors (insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT), power triodes, gallium nitride (GaN) transistors, or other types of power devices.
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • the second pole of Q2 is connected to the second pole of Q3 (it can also be called that the second pole of Q2 is coupled to the second pole of Q3), the voltage at the second pole of Q2 is the same as the voltage at the second pole of Q3; the voltage at the third pole of Q2 is the same as the voltage at the third pole of Q3.
  • the control module 304 controls the voltage at the third electrode of Q3 to be a first voltage, which is greater than or equal to the sum of the third voltage and the threshold voltage of Q3.
  • the voltage at the third pole of Q3 is the first voltage, and the first power management chip 301 outputs the third voltage.
  • the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage of Q3, Q3 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q3 is transmitted to the first pole of Q2 via the second pole of Q3 and the second pole of Q2, and the difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q2 and the voltage at the first pole of Q2 is greater than the threshold voltage of Q2, and Q2 is turned on.
  • the third voltage may be 3V or 1.8V.
  • the third voltage corresponds to the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the third voltage.
  • the fourth voltage enters the protection circuit through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the voltage of the first pole of Q2 rises.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q2 and the voltage at the first pole is less than the threshold voltage, and Q2 is turned off.
  • the fourth voltage is caused by a surge or DC overvoltage. voltage.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q2 is transmitted to the first pole of Q3 via the second pole of Q2 and the second pole of Q3.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q3 and the voltage at the first pole is less than the threshold voltage, and Q3 is turned off.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q3 is the third voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of the switch tube Q3 and the voltage at the first pole is greater than the threshold voltage, and Q3 is turned on; the voltage at the first pole of Q3 is transmitted to the first pole of Q2 via the second pole of Q3 and the second pole of Q2, and the difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q2 and the voltage at the first pole of Q2 is greater than the threshold voltage of Q2, and Q2 is turned on.
  • the second voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302 through Q3 and Q2 to realize the normal operation of the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • a protection circuit is added to the power supply path to control the third-pole voltage of the switch tube to be stable, so that the switch tube can be clamped within the threshold voltage during surge and overvoltage and be in the off state, thereby limiting the overvoltage of the power supply path to a certain range, providing protection for the power supply path and reducing damage to the first power management chip, power supply and other components.
  • the switch unit uses one MOS tube, which may cause the SIM card holder 302 and the first power management chip 301 to be turned on through the parasitic diode on the high-power MOS tube.
  • the circuit shown in FIG4B uses two high-power MOS tubes, which can further reduce the SIM card holder 302 and the first power management chip 301 to be turned on through the parasitic diode.
  • control module 304 corresponding to the switch unit shown in FIG. 3 is described below in conjunction with FIG. 5A to FIG. 6 .
  • control module 304 includes: a second power management chip 501 , a first voltage dividing unit 502 , and a second voltage dividing unit 503 .
  • the second power management chip 501 is connected to one end of the first voltage divider 502, the other end of the first voltage divider 502 is connected to one end of the second voltage divider 503, and the other end of the second voltage divider 503 is grounded.
  • the other end of the first voltage divider 502 is connected to the third pole of the switch unit 303.
  • the first voltage dividing unit 502 and the second voltage dividing unit 503 are used to adjust the voltage output by the second power management chip 501 so that the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit 303 is the first voltage.
  • the first voltage dividing unit 502 and the second voltage dividing unit 503 may both include one or more resistors.
  • the structure of the first voltage dividing unit 502 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first voltage divider unit 502 includes: a resistor R1
  • the second voltage divider unit 503 includes: a resistor R2.
  • the second power management chip 501 is connected to one end of the first voltage divider unit 502, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
  • the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the third pole of the switch unit 303.
  • the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are used to adjust the voltage output by the second power management chip 501 so that the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit 303 is the first voltage.
  • the second power management chip 401 outputs the fifth voltage.
  • the first voltage dividing unit 502 and the second voltage dividing unit 503 divide the fifth voltage so that the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit 303 is the first voltage.
  • the first voltage satisfies; taking the circuit shown in FIG. 4B as an example, The first voltage is satisfied.
  • the voltage value of the fifth voltage may be any value between 7 V and 8.5 V.
  • the voltage value at the third pole of the switch unit may be any value between 4.5 V and 5.5 V.
  • the ratio of the resistance values of the resistor R1 to the resistor R2 is related to the fifth voltage and the first voltage.
  • the ratio of the first voltage to the fifth voltage is equal to R2/(R1+R2).
  • the resistance value of the resistor R1 may be 200 kilo-ohms, and the resistance value of the resistor R2 may be 400 kilo-ohms.
  • the specific resistance values of R1 and R2 are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second power management chip includes a boost structure.
  • the boost structure is used to boost the voltage input to the first port so that the voltage output by the second power management chip is greater than or equal to the first voltage. In this way, the voltage output by the second power management chip is adjusted by the boost structure to adapt to different SIM cards, thereby improving the practicality of the circuit.
  • the second power management chip can be powered by a relatively small voltage, and the switch unit can be controlled, which is easy to implement and consumes less power.
  • Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second power management chip provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second power management chip includes: a boost structure 502.
  • the boost structure 502 includes an inductor L1, a switch tube M1, a diode D1 and a capacitor C1.
  • One end of the inductor L1 is connected to the first port, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the first electrode of the switch tube M1, the second electrode of the switch tube M1 is grounded, the first electrode of the switch tube M1 is connected to one end of the diode, the other end of the diode is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second electrode of the switch tube M1.
  • the first port is used to input voltage.
  • the first port can be a positive electrode of a battery, a port for inputting analog power, a port for inputting digital power, or other ports for inputting voltage. This embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • boost structure 502 The working principle of the boost structure 502 is described below.
  • the switch tube M1 of the boost structure when the switch tube M1 of the boost structure is turned on, the voltage inputted from the first port flows through the inductor L1 and the switch tube M1. In this process, the current on the inductor L1 increases linearly at a certain ratio, and the inductor stores energy.
  • the switch tube M1 When the switch tube M1 is turned off, due to the current holding characteristic of the inductor, the current flowing through the inductor slowly changes from the value when charging is completed to 0.
  • the inductor L1 charges the capacitor C1, the voltage difference across the capacitor C1 increases, and the voltage output by the boost structure 502 is greater than the voltage input by the boost structure 502.
  • the switch tube M1 When the switch tube M1 is repeatedly turned on and off, the voltage difference across the capacitor C1 is higher than the voltage input to the boost structure 502 , and the voltage output by the boost structure 502 is higher than the voltage input to the boost structure 502 .
  • boost structure shown in FIG. 5B is only an example, and the boost process can also be achieved through other structures, which is not limited here.
  • the second power management chip 501 is also used to drive and control other modules.
  • the other modules may be a power management unit (PMU) or other types of modules, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • PMU power management unit
  • the voltage output by the second power management chip 401 is divided by the resistors R1 and R2, and the voltage transmitted to the third pole of Q1 is the first voltage, and the switch unit 303 is turned on.
  • the first power management chip 301 outputs a third voltage.
  • the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage of Q1, Q1 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302.
  • the fourth voltage enters the protection circuit through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the voltage of the second pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage of the first pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage at the third electrode of Q1 is the first voltage.
  • the fourth voltage is a voltage caused by surge or DC overvoltage.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q1 is the third voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the third pole of Q1 and the voltage at the first pole is greater than the threshold voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the second voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1 to achieve normal operation of the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • the first value is 5V
  • the threshold voltage of Q1 is 1V as an example.
  • the fourth voltage is transmitted to Q1 through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the fourth voltage causes the voltage at the drain of Q1 and the voltage at the source of Q1 to rise.
  • the difference between the voltage at the gate of Q1 and the voltage at the source of Q1 is less than the threshold voltage, that is, Vg-Vs ⁇ Vgs(th), and Q1 is turned off.
  • the voltage at the source of Q1 is the third voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage at the gate of Q1 and the voltage at the source is greater than the threshold voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1 to achieve normal operation of the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • a protection circuit is added to the power supply path, and the third-pole voltage of the switch tube is controlled to be stable through resistance voltage division, so that the switch tube can be clamped within the threshold voltage during surge and overvoltage and be in the off state, thereby limiting the overvoltage of the power supply path to a certain range to provide protection for the power supply path and reduce damage to the first power management chip, power supply and other components.
  • Q1 may be a CBST module driver MOS tube that is exclusive to the 8550 platform.
  • control module 304 includes: a programmable power chip 601.
  • the output end of the programmable power chip 601 is connected to the third pole of the switch unit 303.
  • the programmable power chip 601 is used to control the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit to be the first voltage.
  • the programmable power chip 601 When there is no surge or DC overvoltage, the programmable power chip 601 outputs a first voltage.
  • the first power management chip 301 outputs a third voltage.
  • the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage of Q1, Q1 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302.
  • the fourth voltage enters the protection circuit through the SIM card holder 302.
  • the voltage of the second pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage of the first pole of Q1 is raised.
  • the voltage difference between the fourth voltage and the voltage at the first pole of Q1 is less than the threshold voltage, and Q1 is turned off.
  • the voltage at the first pole of Q1 is the third voltage.
  • the chip 601 outputs the first voltage.
  • the voltage difference between the first voltage and the voltage at the first pole of Q1 is greater than the threshold voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301 is transmitted to the SIM card holder 302 through Q1 to achieve normal operation of the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder 302.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a programmable power supply provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the programmable power supply includes: a voltage adjustment unit 701 , a feedback module 702 , a control logic 703 and a driving module 704 .
  • the voltage adjustment unit 701 is used to adjust the voltage output by the programmable power supply so as to adjust the voltage at the third pole of the switch unit.
  • the voltage adjustment unit 701 is composed of 4 switch tubes and 1 inductor. As shown in FIG7 , the voltage adjustment module includes: switch tube A1, switch tube A2, switch tube A3, switch tube A4 and an inductor.
  • the voltage adjustment unit in FIG7 can operate in two modes, namely, a boost mode and a buck mode.
  • boost mode A1 is turned on, A2 is turned off, and A3 and A4 are turned on alternately.
  • A3 is turned on, the inductor is charged and stored, and when A3 is turned off, the inductor is discharged through A4.
  • A1 and A2 are turned on alternately, A3 is turned off, and A4 is turned on.
  • A1 is turned on, the voltage input to the Vin pin passes through A1, the inductor, and A4 to the output Vout pin; when A2 is turned on, the inductor discharges through A4.
  • the feedback module 702 is used to feed back the error between the preset voltage and the voltage actually output by the voltage adjustment unit 701 to the control logic 703.
  • the preset voltage is the voltage that the voltage adjustment unit 701 should output, or can be understood as the voltage that the voltage adjustment unit 701 theoretically outputs or a preset output voltage.
  • the feedback module 702 includes: an error amplifier, a comparator, a reference source Vref and an adjustable resistor.
  • the error amplifier and the comparator are used to obtain the error between the preset voltage and the voltage actually output by the adjustment unit 701 .
  • the control logic 703 is used to output an adjustment signal to the driving module 704 .
  • the driving module 704 is used to drive the voltage adjustment unit 701 based on the adjustment signal to adjust the voltage actually output by the voltage adjustment unit 701.
  • the driving module 704 is used to drive the duty cycle and switching frequency of each switch in the voltage adjustment unit 701 based on the adjustment signal.
  • the driving module 704 is used to adjust the voltage output by the programmable power supply to a first voltage based on the voltage fed back by the feedback module 702 .
  • the first module further includes an interface control module 705.
  • the interface control module 705 adjusts the feedback module 702, the control logic 703, etc. based on the signal transmitted from the controller to adjust the first voltage. In this way, the first module can also adjust the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage based on SIM cards of different specifications to improve practicality.
  • control module 304 is further configured to adjust the first voltage based on the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301.
  • the first voltage is less than the sum of the second voltage and the threshold voltage.
  • the first voltage is greater than or equal to the sum of the third voltage and the first value.
  • the first value is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage.
  • the first voltage may be 3.3V; if the third voltage is 3V, the threshold voltage is 1V, and the first value is 1.5, the first voltage may be 4.5V.
  • the first voltage can be dynamically adjusted based on the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder, which is applicable to SIM cards of various voltage specifications, thereby increasing the practicality of the protection circuit.
  • the first voltage is relatively small, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal device.
  • control module detects the voltage output by the first power management chip 301 and The detected voltage adjusts the first voltage.
  • the control module 304 is connected to the controller (as shown in FIG. 8 ).
  • the control module 304 adjusts the first voltage based on the signal transmitted by the controller.
  • the first voltage is less than the sum of the second voltage and the threshold voltage.
  • the first voltage is greater than or equal to the sum of the third voltage and the first value.
  • the first value is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage.
  • control module of the controller transmits a first signal to the first power management chip 301 via the SPMI bus, the first signal being used to indicate that the third voltage is 1.8V, and the controller transmits a second signal to the control module 304, the second signal being used to indicate that the first voltage is 3.3V.
  • the control module can adjust the first voltage by detecting the adjustment of the voltage output by the first power management chip 301; the control module can also adjust the first voltage by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor R1 and the resistance value of the resistor R2.
  • the first voltage output by the programmable power chip 601 can be adjusted along with the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301.
  • the first voltage is the sum of the second voltage and the threshold voltage.
  • the third voltage is 1.8V and the threshold voltage is 1V
  • the first voltage is 2.8V. If the third voltage is 3V and the threshold voltage is 1V, the first voltage is 4V.
  • the voltage value of the first voltage can be determined based on the voltage required by the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal device.
  • the first electrode of the MOS tube can be fixed at the third voltage, thereby reducing the damage to the first power management chip, the power supply, etc. caused by the surge or the DC overvoltage.
  • the switch unit 303 is composed of switches.
  • the switch unit 303 includes a switch 901 .
  • control module 304 is used to control the switch 901 to open when the voltage at the SIM card holder is greater than the third value.
  • the control module 304 is used to control the switch 901 to close when the voltage at the SIM card holder is less than the third value.
  • the third value is less than the second voltage, the third value is greater than or equal to the third voltage, and the second voltage is the maximum voltage that the first power management chip can withstand.
  • the third voltage is the voltage output by the first power management chip.
  • control module can interrupt the connection between the SIM card holder and the first power management chip through switch 901 when a surge or DC overvoltage exists; when the surge or DC overvoltage disappears, the control module can continue the connection between the SIM card holder and the first power management chip through switch 91.
  • the third value may be adjusted along with the adjustment of the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301.
  • the control module 304 is further configured to adjust the third value based on the detection of the third voltage output by the first power management chip 301.
  • the third value is the sum of the third voltage and the fourth value.
  • the fourth value is a fixed value.
  • the third value may be 3.3V; if the third voltage is 3V and the fourth value is 1.5, the third value may be 4.5V.
  • the first voltage can be dynamically adjusted based on the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder, which is applicable to SIM cards of various voltage specifications, thereby increasing the practicality of the protection circuit.
  • the first voltage is relatively small, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal device.
  • the third value is a voltage value corresponding to the third voltage.
  • the third value is 2.8V. If the third voltage is 3V, the third value is 4V.
  • the voltage value of the first voltage can be determined based on the voltage required by the SIM card installed in the SIM card holder, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal device.
  • the connection between the switch unit and the first power management chip can be fixed at the third voltage, thereby reducing the damage to the first power management chip, the power supply, etc. caused by the surge or the DC overvoltage.
  • the terminal device may include multiple SIM card holders to assemble multiple SIM cards.
  • Each SIM card holder may correspond to any one of the protection circuits shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5B above.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the terminal device executes the above method.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes: the protection circuit provided in the above embodiment.
  • the terminal device further includes a controller, and the controller is used to adjust the voltage output by the first power management chip in the protection circuit based on the SIM card assembled in the SIM card holder.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a control method.
  • the controller is further configured to adjust a voltage value of a first voltage output by a control unit in the protection circuit based on a SIM card mounted on the SIM card holder.
  • the first voltage in the protection circuit is adjusted based on the SIM card to adapt to different SIM cards, thereby improving practicality.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device includes: the terminal device may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, a button 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display screen 194, and a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195, etc.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and/or a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc.
  • AP application processor
  • GPU graphics processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • NPU neural-network processing unit
  • Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signal to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.
  • the processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory.
  • the memory may store instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or cyclically used. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the processor 110, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and/or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C inter-integrated circuit
  • I2S inter-integrated circuit sound
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is only a schematic illustration and does not constitute a structural limitation on the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.
  • the charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from a charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 140 can receive charging input from a wired charger through the USB interface 130.
  • the charging management module 140 can receive wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil of a terminal device. While the charging management module 140 is charging the battery 142, it can also power the electronic device through the power management module 141.
  • the power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display screen 194, the camera 193, and the wireless communication module 160.
  • the power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle number, battery health status (leakage, impedance), etc.
  • the power management module 141 can also be set in the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 can also be set in the same device.
  • the power source in the protection circuit in the above embodiment corresponds to the battery 142 in Figure 10.
  • the charging interface corresponds to the USB interface 130.
  • the power management module 141 includes the protection circuit shown in the above embodiment.
  • the power management module 141 is located in the processor.
  • the terminal device implements the display function through the GPU, the display screen 194, and the application processor.
  • the GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, which connects the display screen 194 and the application processor.
  • the GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more GPUs, which execute program instructions to generate or change the display. information.
  • the display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc.
  • the display screen 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the terminal device may include 1 or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the terminal device can realize the shooting function through ISP, camera 193, video codec, GPU, display screen 194 and application processor.
  • ISP is used to process the data fed back by camera 193. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, and the light is transmitted to the camera photosensitive element through the lens. The light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera photosensitive element transmits the electrical signal to ISP for processing and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on the noise, brightness, and skin color of the image. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, ISP can be set in camera 193.
  • the camera 193 is used to capture static images or videos.
  • the terminal device may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the types of the multiple cameras 193 may be different.
  • the camera 193 may include a camera for acquiring color images or a TOF camera, etc.
  • the camera may be understood as a camera.
  • the camera includes: an AO camera, a TOF camera, etc. in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal device.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement a data storage function. For example, files such as music and videos can be saved in the external memory card.
  • the internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program codes, and the executable program codes include instructions.
  • the internal memory 121 can include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the terminal device can implement audio functions such as music playing and recording through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the earphone interface 170D, and the application processor.
  • the button 190 includes a power button, a volume button, etc.
  • the button 190 may be a mechanical button. It may also be a touch button.
  • the terminal device may receive the button input and generate a key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the terminal device.
  • the indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate the charging status, power change, message, missed call, notification, etc.
  • the device also runs an operating system, such as an iOS operating system, an Android operating system, or a Windows operating system, etc.
  • an operating system such as an iOS operating system, an Android operating system, or a Windows operating system, etc.
  • Applications can be installed and run on the operating system.
  • the software system of the terminal device can adopt a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture, etc., which will not be elaborated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip.
  • the chip includes a processor, and the processor is used to call a computer program in a memory to execute the technical solution in the above embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of the above related embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.
  • the method described in the above embodiment can be All or part of the software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof may be implemented. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media may include computer storage media and communication media, and may also include any medium that can transfer a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any target media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • a computer readable medium may include RAM, ROM, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that is intended to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.
  • any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of medium.
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • Disk and optical disk as used herein include optical disk, laser disk, optical disk, digital versatile disk (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disk, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included in the scope of computer readable media.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed, the computer executes the above method.
  • each flow process and/or box in the flow chart and/or block diagram and the combination of the flow chart and/or box in the flow chart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions.
  • These computer program instructions can be provided to the processing unit of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for realizing the function specified in one flow chart or multiple flows and/or one box or multiple boxes of the block diagram.
  • user information including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.
  • data including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供防护电路和相关装置。电路包括：用于装配SIM卡的SIM卡卡座、用于为SIM卡卡座供电的第一电源管理芯片、开关单元和用于控制开关单元第三极的控制模块；开关单元的第一极、第二极分别与第一电源管理芯片、SIM卡卡座连接；控制模块用于输出第一电压，使得开关单元在受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于关断状态，以及开关单元在未受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于导通状态；其中，第一电压的电压值大于第一电源管理芯片输出的电压与开关单元中开关管的阈值电压之和。这样，在受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，开关单元中断第一电源管理芯片和SIM卡卡座的连接；保护第一电源管理芯片和电源。

Description

防护电路和相关装置
本申请要求于2023年06月27日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202310775335.X、申请名称为“防护电路和相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端技术领域，尤其涉及防护电路和相关装置。
背景技术
随着社会的发展与进步，手机、平板电脑等终端设备已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。目前，手机等终端设备，通常设置有一个或两个SIM卡座，以安装用户身份识别卡(subscriber identity module，SIM)。
手机等终端设备安装SIM卡后，可以享受运营商提供的服务，包括与他人通话、使用数据流量上网等等。
但是，外部的浪涌或者直流的过压可能会从SIM卡座进入终端设备的内部，导致终端设备损坏。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种防护电路和相关装置，应用于终端技术领域。在SIM卡卡座和电源管理芯片之间设置MOS管，通过MOS的导通关断特性实现对电源管理芯片的防护。这样，在SIM卡卡座遇到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，MOS管关断，实现对电源管理芯片的保护。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出一种防护电路。该电路包括：第一电源管理芯片、SIM卡卡座、开关单元和控制模块；第一电源管理芯片与开关单元的第一极连接，SIM卡卡座与开关单元的第二极连接，开关单元的第三极受到控制模块的控制；第一电源管理芯片用于经开关单元为SIM卡卡座供电；SIM卡卡座用于装配SIM卡；控制模块用于输出第一电压，使得开关单元在受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于关断状态，以及开关单元在未受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于导通状态；其中，第一电压的电压值大于第一电源管理芯片输出的电压与开关单元中的开关管的阈值电压之和。
这样，在SIM卡卡座遇到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，开关单元可以中断SIM卡卡座与第一电源管理芯片的连接，实现对电源管理芯片、电池等的保护。
可选的，开关单元包括第一开关管Q1；Q1的第一极与第一电源管理芯片连接，Q1的第二极与SIM卡卡座连接，Q1的第三极受到控制模块的控制；其中，第一电压的电压值小于或等于Q1的阈值电压与第二电压之和；第二电压为第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。
开关单元可以由一个开关管组成，结构简单，易于实现。
可选的，控制模块还用于基于第一电源管理芯片输出的电压值调整第一电压；第 一电压大于第一电源管理芯片输出的电压与第一值之和，第一值大于或等于Q1的阈值电压，第一值为定值。
这样，可以基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡动态调整第一电压，适用于多种电压规格的SIM卡，增加防护电路的实用性。此外，在SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡所需电压较小时，第一电压较小，减少终端设备的能耗。
可选的，开关单元包括第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3；Q2的第一极与SIM卡卡座连接，Q2的第二极与Q3的第二极连接，Q3的第一极与第一电源管理芯片连接，Q2的第三极和Q3的第三极均受到控制模块的控制；其中，第一电压的电压值小于或等于Q3的阈值电压与第二电压之和；第二电压为第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。
可以理解的是，仅使用一个开关管可能会造成通过大功率的开关管上的寄生二极管导通，为防止SIM卡卡座和第已电源管理芯片通过寄生二极管导通，采用两个大功率的开关管实现上述防护电路。
可选的，控制模块包括：第一分压单元、第二分压单元和第二电源管理芯片；第二电源管理芯片与第一分压单元的一端连接，第一分压单元的另一端与第二分压单元的一端连接，第二分压单元的另一端接地，第一分压单元的另一端与开关单元的第三极连接；第一分压单元和第二分压单元用于对第二电源管理芯片输出的电压进行调整，使得开关单元的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
这样，第二电源管理芯片可以为终端设备中已有的芯片，无需新增，降低成本。
一些实施例中，第二电源管理芯片还用于为其他模块进行驱动控制，其他模块可以为电源管理单元(power management unit，PMU)、或其他类型的模块。
可选的，第一分压单元包括第一电阻R1，第二分压单元包括第二电阻R2；第二电源管理芯片与R1的一端连接，R1的另一端与R2的一端连接，R2的另一端接地，R1的另一端与开关单元的第三极连接；R1和R2用于对第二电源管理芯片输出的电压进行调整，使得开关单元的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
这样，通过两个电阻进行分压，结构简单，易于实现、占用面积小、成本低。
可选的，第二电源管理芯片包括升压结构，升压结构用于对第二电源管理芯片输入的电压进行升压调整，使得第二电源管理芯片输出的电压大于或等于第一电压。
这样，可以通过较小的电压为第二电源管理芯片供电，并实现对开关单元的控制，易于实现，功耗较小。
可选的，控制模块包括：可编程的电源芯片；可编程的电源芯片用于控制开关单元的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
这样，通过可编程的电源芯片实现对开关单元的控制。
可选的，可编程的电源芯片包括：电压调整模块、反馈模块、控制逻辑和驱动模块；电压调整单元用于调整可编程电源输出的第一电压；反馈模块用于将预设电压与电压调整单元实际输出的电压之间的误差反馈至控制逻辑；预设电压为电压调整单元预先设置的输出的电压；控制逻辑用于向驱动模块输出调整信号；驱动模块用于基于调整信号驱动电压调整单元以调整电压调整模块实际输出的电压。
这样，可以实时调整电压调整单元实际输出的电压，控制更加精准。
可选的，可编程的电源芯片还包括：接口控制模块；接口控制模块用于基于来自控制器传输的信号调整可编程的电源芯片输出的第一电压对应的电压值。
这样，第一模块还可以基于不同的规格的SIM卡调整第一电压对应的电压值，提升实用性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种终端设备，终端设备也可以称为终端(terminal)、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、智能电视、穿戴式设备、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。
该终端设备包括：第一方面任一项防护电路。
可选的，终端设备还包括控制器，控制器用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整防护电路中的第一电源管理芯片输出的电压。
这样，基于SIM卡调整第一电源管理芯片输出的电压，适配于不同的SIM卡，提升实用性。可选的，控制器还用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整防护电路中的控制单元输出的第一电压的电压值。
这样，基于SIM卡调整防护电路中第一电压，适配于不同的SIM卡，提升实用性。
应当理解的是，本申请的第二方面与本申请的第一方面的技术方案相对应，各方面及对应的可行实施方式所取得的有益效果相似，不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为可能的设计中一种SIM卡电路的结构示意图；
图2为可能的设计中一种防护电路的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种防护电路的结构示意图；
图4A为本申请实施例提供的一种开关单元的结构示意图；
图4B为本申请实施例提供的一种开关单元的结构示意图；
图5A为本申请实施例提供的一种控制模块的结构示意图；
图5B为本申请实施例提供的一种第二电源管理芯片的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种控制模块的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种可编程的电源芯片的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种控制器与控制模块的连接示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种开关单元的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先对本申请中涉及到的一些词汇作简单说明。
1、其他术语
在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如，第一芯片和第二芯片仅仅是为了区分不同的芯片，并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请实施例中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a--c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
2、终端设备
本申请实施例的终端设备也可以为任意形式的电子设备，例如，电子设备可以包括手持式设备、车载设备等。例如，一些电子设备为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、掌上电脑、笔记本电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该电子设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
此外，在本申请实施例中，电子设备还可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系 统中的终端设备，IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。
本申请实施例中的电子设备也可以称为：终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备或各个网络设备包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作系统层，以及运行在操作系统层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也称为主存)等硬件。该操作系统可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作系统，例如，Linux操作系统、Unix操作系统、Android操作系统、iOS操作系统或windows操作系统等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。
手机、平板电脑等终端设备已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。目前，手机等终端设备，通常设置有一个或两个SIM卡座，以安装用户身份识别卡(subscriber identity module，SIM)。
手机等终端设备安装SIM卡后，可以享受运营商提供的服务，包括与他人通话、使用数据流量上网等等。
但是，外部的浪涌或者直流的过压可能会从SIM卡座进入终端设备的内部，导致终端设备损坏。
示例性的，图1为可能的设计中一种SIM卡电路的结构示意图。如图1所示，SIM卡电路包括：电源管理芯片101和SIM卡卡座102。电源管理芯片101和SIM卡卡座102连接。
其中，电源管理芯片101用于为SIM卡卡座102供电。SIM卡卡座102用于装配SIM卡。
需要说明的是，SIM卡电路可能会遇到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压，进而导致电源管理芯片101损坏。具体的，由于静电、人为故意破坏、SIM卡的插拔动作等多种原因，SIM卡卡座102上可能会产生电压，该电压可能会传导至电源管理芯片101，从而损坏第一电源管理芯片101。
示例性的，外部的浪涌或者直流的过压，可能会在SIM卡卡座102上产生10V电压。若该10V电压传导到电源管理芯片101，会造成电源管理芯片101的损坏。
可能的设计中，在SIM卡卡座侧接入瞬态二极管(transient voltage suppressor，TVS管)，以抑制外部的浪涌或直流的过压。
示例性的，图2为可能的设计中一种防护电路的结构示意图。如图2所示，防护电路包括：电源管理芯片201、SIM卡卡座202和TVS管203。
电源管理芯片201为SIM卡卡座202供电。TVS管203的一端与SIM卡卡座202连接，TVS管203的另一端接地。
需要说明的是，TVS管的两极在受到反向瞬态高能量冲击时，可以以10的负12次方秒量级的速度，将其两极间的高阻抗变为低阻抗，吸收高达数千瓦的浪涌功率， 使两极间的电压箝位于一个预定值，进而减少浪涌脉冲对于电路的损坏。
可以理解的是，当外部的浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，TVS管203可以吸收部分或全部浪涌功率，减少电源管理芯片201由于浪涌或直流电压的损坏。
但是，对于持续的直流过压等情况，TVS管无法防护，电源管理芯片可能会损坏。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供防护电路和相关装置。在SIM卡卡座和电源管理芯片之间设置MOS管，通过MOS的导通关断特性实现对电源管理芯片的防护。这样，在SIM卡卡座遇到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，MOS管关断，实现对电源管理芯片的保护。
下面以具体的实施例对本申请的技术方案以及本申请的技术方案如何解决上述技术问题进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以独立实现，也可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例中不再赘述。
示例性的，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种防护电路的结构示意图。如图3所示，防护电路包括：第一电源管理芯片301、SIM卡卡座302、开关单元303和控制模块304。
第一电源管理芯片301与开关单元303的第一极连接，SIM卡卡座302与开关单元303的第二极连接，开关单元303的第三极受到控制模块304的控制。
第一电源管理芯片301用于经开关单元303为SIM卡卡座302供电。第一电源管理芯片与电源连接。第一电源管理芯片可以将电源输出的电压调整为合适的电压，为SIM卡卡座302供电。
SIM卡卡座302用于装配SIM卡。本申请实施例中，SIM卡卡座302可以装配不同类型的SIM卡。适应性的，第一电源管理芯片301可以基于SIM卡卡座302装配的SIM卡，输出合适的电压。通常情况下，第一电源管理芯片301可以输出3V或1.8V的电压。
示例性的，SIM卡卡座302包括用于输出信号的引脚和用于供电的VCC引脚。VCC引脚与开关单元303的第一极连接。
用于输出信号的引脚包括但不限于：用于传输复位信号的RST引脚、用于传输时钟信号的CLK引脚、用于传输数据信号的I/O引脚。RST引脚、CLK引脚、I/O引脚均与终端设备中具有控制功能的模块连接，例如，处理器、系统级芯片(system on chip，SOC)等。
可以理解的是，SIM卡包括Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡等多种。不同类型的SIM卡对应的工作电压可能不同。示例性的，Nano SIM卡对应的工作电压为1.8V，Micro SIM卡对应的工作电压为3V。本申请实施例对SIM卡的规格、种类等均不作限定。
一些实施例中，SIM卡卡座302与第一电源管理芯片301之间还包括：电平转换装置。电平转换装置用于转换电压，为SIM卡卡座302提供合适的电压。
开关单元303在SIM卡卡座302受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，关断。在SIM卡卡座302未受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，导通。
控制模块304用于在受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，控制开关单元303关断。控制模块304还用于在SIM卡卡座302未受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时，控制开关单元303导通。
可能的实现方式中，开关单元303由开关管组成。
一些实施例中，开关单元303由一个N型开关管组成。示例性的，如图4A所示，开关单元303包括开关管Q1。Q1的第一极与第一电源管理芯片301连接，Q1的第二极与SIM卡卡座302连接，Q1的第三极受到控制模块304的控制。
适应性的，控制模块304用于控制Q1的第三极处的电压为第一电压。第一电压的电压值小于或等于Q1的阈值电压与第二电压之和。第二电压为第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。开关管Q1可以为金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor，MOSFET)，也可以为绝缘栅双极型晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor，IGBT)，还可以为功率三极管、氮化镓(GaN)晶体管等或者其他类型的功率器件。本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。阈值电压也可以称为开启电压、导通阈值电压等。
下面结合图4A对防护电路的工作流程进行说明。
控制模块304控制Q1的第三极处的电压为第一电压。第一电压大于或等于第三电压与Q1的阈值电压之和。
在无浪涌或者直流的过压时，Q1的第三极处的电压为第一电压，第一电源管理芯片301输出第三电压。第一电压与第三电压之间的差值大于或等于Q1的阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压传输至SIM卡卡座302。
第三电压可以为3V，也可以为1.8V，第三电压与SIM卡卡座302装配的SIM卡相对应，本申请实施例对于第三电压的具体值不做限定。
在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302进入防护电路。Q1的第二极的电压抬升。适应性的，Q1的第一极的电压抬升。当Q1第一极的电压抬升至第一值时，Q1的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差小于阈值电压，Q1关断。第四电压为浪涌或者直流的过压导致的电压。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q1第一极处的电压为第三电压。开关管Q1的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差大于阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第二电压，通过Q1传导至SIM卡卡座302，以实现SIM卡卡座302中装配的SIM卡的正常工作。
示例性的，以开关管Q1为NMOS管为例，则Q1的源极(source，S极)与第一电源管理芯片301连接，Q1的漏极(drain，D极)与SIM卡卡座302连接。Q1的栅极(gate，G极)受到控制模块304的控制。
以Q1的阈值电压为1V，第三电压为3V，第二电压为6V，第四电压为10V为例。Q1栅极处的电压，即第一电压可以位于4V-7V之间。
在无浪涌或者直流的过压时，Q1栅极处的电压位于4V-7V之间，Q1源极处的电压为第三电压3V。Q1的栅极与源极之间的电压差大于或等于阈值电压，Q1导通。第一电源管理芯片301通过Q1向SIM卡卡座302传输3V电压。
在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302进入防护电路。第四电压导致Q1的漏极处的电压和Q1的源极处的电压抬升。当Q1的源极处的电压抬升至第一值时，Q1栅极处的电压与Q1源极处的电压之间的差值小于阈值电压，Q1关断。
若Q1栅极处的电压(第一电压)为4V，则第一值为3V，Q1栅极处的电压与Q1源极处的电压之间的差值小于阈值电压，Q1关断；若Q1栅极处的电压为7V，则第一值为6V，Q1栅极处的电压与Q1源极处的电压之间的差值小于阈值电压，Q1关断。
这样，第四电压不会传输至第一电源管理芯片301，进而可以减少由于浪涌、直流过压等造成的第一电源管理芯片的损坏。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q1栅极处的电压位于4V-7V之间，Q1源极处的电压为第三电压3V。Q1的栅极与源极之间的电压差大于或等于阈值电压，Q1导通。第一电源管理芯片301通过Q1向SIM卡卡座302传输3V电压。
综上，在电源通路上增加了防护电路，控制开关管的第三极电压稳定，使得开关管可以在浪涌和过压时被钳位在阈值电压之内，处于关断状态，进而将电源通路的过压限制在一定范围内，为电源通路提供防护，减少第一电源管理芯片，电源等部件的损坏。
另一些实施例中，开关单元303由两个N型开关管组成。示例性的，如图4B所示，开关单元303包括开关管Q2和开关管Q3。
开关管Q2的第一极与SIM卡卡座302连接，开关管Q2的第二极与开关管Q3的第二极连接，开关管Q3的第一极与第一电源管理芯片301连接，Q2的第三极和Q3的第三极均受到控制模块304的控制。以开关管Q2和开关管Q3均为NMOS为例，控制模块304用于控制Q3的第三极处的电压为第电压。第一电压的电压值小于或等于Q3的阈值电压与第二电压之和。第二电压为第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。
开关管Q2和开关管Q3可以为金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor，MOSFET)，也可以为绝缘栅双极型晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor，IGBT)，还可以为功率三极管、氮化镓(GaN)晶体管等或者其他类型的功率器件。本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
下面结合图4B对防护电路的工作流程进行说明。
Q2的第二极与Q3的第二极连接(也可以称为，Q2的第二极与Q3的第二极耦合)，Q2的第二极处的电压与Q3的第二极处的电压相同；Q2的第三极处的电压与Q3的第三极处的电压相同。
控制模块304控制Q3的第三极处的电压为第一电压。第一电压大于或等于第三电压与Q3的阈值电压之和。
在无浪涌或者直流的过压时，Q3的第三极处的电压为第一电压，第一电源管理芯片301输出第三电压。第一电压与第三电压之间的差值大于或等于Q3的阈值电压，Q3导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压传输至SIM卡卡座302。Q3的第一极处的电压经Q3的第二极、Q2的第二极传输至Q2的第一极，Q2的第三极处的电压与Q2的第一极处的电压之间的差值大于Q2的阈值电压，Q2导通。
第三电压可以为3V，也可以为1.8V，第三电压与SIM卡卡座302装配的SIM卡相对应，本申请实施例对于第三电压的具体值不做限定。
在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302进入防护电路。Q2的第一极的电压抬升。当Q2第一极的电压抬升至第二值时，Q2的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差小于阈值电压，Q2关断。第四电压为浪涌或者直流的过压导致 的电压。
Q2的第一极处的电压经Q2的第二极、Q3的第二极传输至Q3的第一极，当Q3第一极的电压抬升至第二值时，Q3的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差小于阈值电压，Q3关断。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q3第一极处的电压为第三电压。开关管Q3的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差大于阈值电压，Q3导通；Q3的第一极处的电压经Q3的第二极、Q2的第二极传输至Q2的第一极，Q2的第三极处的电压与Q2的第一极处的电压之间的差值大于Q2的阈值电压，Q2导通。第一电源管理芯片301输出的第二电压，通过Q3和Q2传导至SIM卡卡座302，以实现SIM卡卡座302中装配的SIM卡的正常工作。
在电源通路上增加了防护电路，控制开关管的第三极电压稳定，使得开关管可以在浪涌和过压时被钳位在阈值电压之内，处于关断状态，进而将电源通路的过压限制在一定范围内，为电源通路提供防护，减少第一电源管理芯片，电源等部件的损坏。
可以理解的是，图4A所示的电路中，开关单元使用一个MOS管可能会出现SIM卡卡座302和第一电源管理芯片301通过大功率的MOS管上的寄生二极管导通。图4B所示的电路采用两个大功率的MOS管，可以进一步减少SIM卡卡座302和第一电源管理芯片301通过寄生二极管导通。
下面结合图5A-图6对图3所示的开关单元对应的控制模块304的具体结构进行说明。
示例性的，图5A为本申请实施例提供一种控制模块304的结构示意图。如图5A所示，控制模块304包括：第二电源管理芯片501、第一分压单元502、第二分压单元503。
第二电源管理芯片501与第一分压单元502的一端连接，第一分压单元502的另一端与第二分压单元503的一端连接，第二分压单元503的另一端接地。第一分压单元502的另一端与开关单元303的第三极连接。
第一分压单元502和第二分压单元503用于对第二电源管理芯片501输出的电压进行调整，使得开关单元303的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
第一分压单元502和第二分压单元503可以均包括一个或多个电阻。本申请实施例对第一分压单元502的结构不做限定。
示例性的，如5A所示，第一分压单元502包括：电阻R1，第二分压单元503包括：电阻R2。第二电源管理芯片501与第一分压单元502的一端连接，电阻R1的另一端与电阻R2的一端连接，电阻R2的另一端接地。电阻R1的另一端与开关单元303的第三极连接。
电阻R1和电阻R2用于对第二电源管理芯片501输出的电压进行调整，使得开关单元303的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
本申请实施例中，第二电源管理芯片401输出第五电压。第一分压单元502、第二分压单元503对第五电压进行分压处理，使得开关单元303的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
示例性的，以图4A所示的电路为例，第一电压满足；以图4B所示的电路为例， 第一电压满足。
示例性的，第五电压的电压值可以为7V-8.5V之间的任意值。通过电阻R1和电阻R2进行分压后，开关单元的第三极处的电压值可以为4.5V-5.5V之间的任意值。
本申请实施例中，电阻R1和电阻R2阻值之比与第五电压和第一电压相关。第一电压与第五电压之比等于R2/(R1+R2)。
示例性的，以第五电压为7.5V，第一电压为5V为例，电阻R1的阻值可以为200千欧，电阻R2的阻值可以为400千欧。本申请实施例对于R1、R2的具体阻值不做具体限定。
一些实施例中，第二电源管理芯片包括：升压结构。升压结构用于对第一端口输入的电压进行升压调整，使得第二电源管理芯片输出的电压大于或等于第一电压。这样，通过升压结构对第二电源管理芯片输出的电压进行调整，以适应于不同的SIM卡，提升电路的实用性。
这样，可以通过较小的电压为第二电源管理芯片供电，并实现对开关单元的控制，易于实现，功耗较小。
示例性的，图5B为本申请实施例提供的一种第二电源管理芯片的结构示意图。如图6所示，第二电源管理芯片包括：升压结构502。升压结构502由电感L1、开关管M1、二极管D1和电容C1。
电感L1的一端与第一端口连接，电感L1的另一端与开关管M1的第一极连接，开关管M1的第二极接地，开关管M1的第一极与二极管的一端连接，二极管的另一端与电容C1的一端连接，电容C1的另一端与开关管M1的第二极连接。
第一端口用于输入电压。第一端口可以为电池正极，也可以为用于输入模拟电源的端口、还可以为用于输入数字电源的端口，或者其他用于输入电压的端口。本申请实施例对此不作限定。
下面对升压结构502的工作原理进行说明。
需要说明的是，升压结构在开关管M1的导通时，第一端口输入的电压流过电感L1、开关管M1。该过程中，电感L1上的电流以一定的比率线性增加，电感储存能量。
在开关管M1关断时，由于电感的电流保持特性，流经电感的电流由充电完毕时的值缓慢变为0。电感L1为电容C1充电，电容C1两端的电压差升高，升压结构502输出的电压大于升压结构502输入的电压。
当开关管M1重复导通关断切换时，电容C1两端的电压差高于升压结构502输入的电压，升压结构502输出的电压大于升压结构502输入的电压。
需要说明的是，图5B所示的升压结构仅为示例，还可以通过其他结构实现升压处理，此处不做限定。
一些实施例中，第二电源管理芯片501还用于为其他模块进行驱动控制，其他模块可以为电源管理单元(power management unit，PMU)、或其他类型的模块，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
下面对图5A所示的电路的工作流程进行说明。
在无浪涌或者直流的过压时，第二电源管理芯片401输出的电压经电阻R1和电阻R2分压后，传输至Q1的第三极处的电压为第一电压，开关单元303导通。
第一电源管理芯片301输出第三电压。第一电压与第三电压之间的差值大于或等于Q1的阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压传输至SIM卡卡座302。
在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302进入防护电路。Q1的第二极的电压抬升。适应性的，Q1的第一极的电压抬升。
由于电阻R1和电阻R2对第二电源管理芯片401输出的电压进行分压，Q1的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
当Q1第一极的电压抬升至第一值时，Q1的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差小于阈值电压，Q1关断。第四电压为浪涌或者直流的过压导致的电压第四电压为浪涌或者直流的过压导致的电压。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q1第一极处的电压为第三电压。Q1的第三极处的电压与第一极处的电压的压差大于阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第二电压，通过Q1传导至SIM卡卡座302，以实现SIM卡卡座302中装配的SIM卡的正常工作。
以Q1为NMOS，第一值为5V，Q1的阈值电压为1V，为例。在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302传输至Q1处。第四电压导致Q1的漏极处的电压和Q1的源极处的电压抬升。当Q1的源极处的电压抬升至4V时，Q1栅极处的电压与Q1源极处的电压之间的差值小于阈值电压，即Vg-Vs<Vgs(th)，Q1关断。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q1源极处的电压为第三电压。Q1的栅极处的电压与源极处的电压的压差大于阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压，通过Q1传导至SIM卡卡座302，以实现SIM卡卡座302中装配的SIM卡的正常工作。
这样，在电源通路上增加了防护电路，通过电阻分压控制开关管的第三极电压稳定，使得开关管可以在浪涌和过压时被钳位在阈值电压之内，处于关断状态，进而将电源通路的过压限制在一定范围内为电源通路提供防护，减少第一电源管理芯片，电源等部件的损坏。
一些实施例中，Q1可以为8550平台专有的CBST模块驱动MOS管。
示例性的，图6为本申请实施例提供一种控制模块304的结构示意图。如图6所示，控制模块304包括：可编程的电源芯片601。可编程的电源芯片601的输出端与开关单元303的第三极连接。
可编程的电源芯片601用于控制开关单元的第三极处的电压为第一电压。
以开关单元包括Q1为例，下面对图6所示的电路的工作流程进行说明。
在无浪涌或者直流的过压时，可编程的电源芯片601输出第一电压。第一电源管理芯片301输出第三电压。第一电压与第三电压之间的差值大于或等于Q1的阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压传输至SIM卡卡座302。
在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，第四电压通过SIM卡卡座302进入防护电路。Q1的第二极的电压抬升。适应性的，Q1的第一极的电压抬升。当Q1第一极的电压抬升至第一值时，第四电压与Q1第一极处的电压的压差小于阈值电压，Q1关断。
在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，Q1第一极处的电压为第三电压。可编程的电源芯 片601输出第一电压。第一电压与Q1第一极处的电压的压差大于阈值电压，Q1导通，第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压，通过Q1传导至SIM卡卡座302，以实现SIM卡卡座302中装配的SIM卡的正常工作。
示例性的，图7为本申请实施例提供的一种可编程电源的结构示意图。如图7所示，可编程电源包括：电压调整单元701、反馈模块702、控制逻辑703和驱动模块704。
电压调整单元701用于调整可编程电源输出的电压，以调整开关单元的第三极处的电压。
一些实施例中，电压调整单元701由4个开关管和1个电感组成。如图7所示，电压调整模块包括：开关管A1、开关管A2、开关管A3、开关管A4和电感。
图7中电压调整单元可以工作在两个模式，分别为升压模式和降压模式。
升压模式中，A1管导通、A2关断、A3和A4交替导通。当A3导通时，电感充电储能，当A3关断时，电感通过A4放电。
降压模式中，A1和A2交替导通，A3关断，A4导通。当A1导通的时候，Vin管脚输入的电压经过A1、电感、A4到输出Vout管脚；A2导通时，电感经过A4放电。
反馈模块702用于将预设电压与电压调整单元701实际输出的电压之间的误差反馈至控制逻辑703。预设电压为电压调整单元701应该输出的电压，或者可以理解为电压调整单元701理论上输出的电压、预先设置的输出的电压。
一些实施例中，反馈模块702包括：误差放大器、比较器、参考源Vref和可调电阻。误差放大器和比较器用于获取预设电压与调整单元701实际输出的电压之间的误差。
控制逻辑703用于向驱动模块704输出调整信号。
驱动模块704用于基于调整信号驱动电压调整单元701以调整电压调整单元701实际输出的电压。示例性的，驱动模块704用于基于调整信号驱动电压调整单元701中各开关管的占空比、开关频率等。
驱动模块704用于基于反馈模块702反馈的电压将可编程电源输出的电压调整为第一电压。
一些实施例中，第一模块还包括接口控制模块705。接口控制模块705基于来自控制器传输的信号调整反馈模块702、控制逻辑703等，以调整第一电压。这样，第一模块还可以基于不同的规格的SIM卡调整第一电压对应的电压值，提升实用性。
在上述图3-图7所示的实施例的基础上，控制模块304还用于基于检测到第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压调整第一电压。第一电压小于第二电压与阈值电压之和。第一电压大于或等于第三电压与第一值之和。第一值大于或等于阈值电压。
示例性的，若第三电压为1.8V，阈值电压为1V，第一值为1.5，则第一电压可以为3.3V；若第三电压为3V，阈值电压为1V，第一值为1.5，则第一电压可以为4.5V。
这样，可以基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡动态调整第一电压，适用于多种电压规格的SIM卡，增加防护电路的实用性。此外，在SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡所需电压较小时，第一电压较小，减少终端设备的能耗。
一些实施例中，控制模块对第一电源管理芯片301输出的电压进行检测，并根据 检测到的电压调整第一电压。
在上述图3-图7所示的实施例的基础上，控制模块304与控制器连接(如图8所示)。控制模块304基于控制器传输的信号调整第一电压。第一电压小于第二电压与阈值电压之和。第一电压大于或等于第三电压与第一值之和。第一值大于或等于阈值电压。
可能的实现方式中，在终端设备中的控制器向第一电源管理芯片301发送第一信号时，控制器向控制模块304发送第二信号，第一信号用于指示第三电压为第四值；第二信号用于指示第一电压为第五值。第二信号也可以用于指示第三电压为第四值，控制模块304基于第四值调整第一电压对应的电压值。
示例性的，第四值为1.8V时，第五值可以为3.3V；第四值为3V时，第五值可以为4.5V。
示例性的，控制器的控制模块通过SPMI总线第一电源管理芯片301传输第一信号，第一信号用于指示第三电压为1.8V，控制器向控制模块304传输第二信号，第二信号用于指示第一电压为3.3V。
可以理解的是，以图5A所示的控制模块为例，控制模块可以通过检测第一电源管理芯片301输出的电压的调整，实现第一电压的调整；控制模块还可以通过电阻R1的阻值、电阻R2的阻值调整，实现第一电压的调整。以图6所示的控制模块为例，可编程的电源芯片601输出的第一电压可以随第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压调整而调整。
一些实施例中，第一电压为第二电压与阈值电压之和。
示例性的，若第三电压为1.8V，阈值电压为1V，则第一电压为2.8V。若第三电压为3V，阈值电压为1V，则第一电压为4V。
这样，可以基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡所需的电压确定第一电压的电压值，减少终端设备的能耗。此外，这样，在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，MOS管的第一极可以固定在第三电压，减少浪涌或者直流的过压导致的第一电源管理芯片、电源等的损坏。
可能的实现方式中，开关单元303由开关组成。示例性的，如图9所示，开关单元303包括开关901。
相对应的，一些实施例中，控制模块304用于基于SIM卡卡座处的电压大于第三值时，控制开关901打开。控制模块304用于在SIM卡卡座处的电压小于第三值时，控制开关901闭合。第三值小于第二电压，第三值大于或等于第三电压，第二电压为第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。第三电压为第一电源管理芯片输出的电压。
这样，控制模块可以在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，通过开关901中断SIM卡卡座与第一电源管理芯片的连接；在浪涌或者直流的过压消失时，通过开关91继续SIM卡卡座与第一电源管理芯片的连接。
可选的，第三值可以随第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压的调整而调整。适应性的，控制模块304还用于基于检测到第一电源管理芯片301输出的第三电压调整第三值。
具体的，第三值为第三电压与第四值之和。第四值为固定值。
示例性的，若第三电压为1.8V，第四值为1.5，则第三值可以为3.3V；若第三电压为3V，第四值为1.5，则第三值可以为4.5V。
这样，可以基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡动态调整第一电压，适用于多种电压规格的SIM卡，增加防护电路的实用性。此外，在SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡所需电压较小时，第一电压较小，减少终端设备的能耗。
一些实施例中，第三值为第三电压对应的电压值。
示例性的，若第三电压为1.8V，第三值为2.8V。若第三电压为3V，第三值为4V。
这样，可以基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡所需的电压确定第一电压的电压值，减少终端设备的能耗。这样，在浪涌或者直流的过压存在时，开关单元与第一电源管理芯片的连接处可以固定在第三电压，减少浪涌或者直流的过压导致的第一电源管理芯片、电源等的损坏。
可以理解的是，上述实施例是以一个SIM卡卡座为例进行说明的。终端设备中可以包括多个SIM卡卡座，以装配多个SIM卡。每个SIM卡卡座均可以对应于上述图3-图5B所示的防护电路中的任一个。
本申请实施例提供一种终端设备，该终端设备包括：处理器和存储器；存储器存储计算机执行指令；处理器执行存储器存储的计算机执行指令，使得终端设备执行上述方法。
本申请实施例提供一种终端设备，该终端设备包括：上述实施例提供的防护电路。
可选的，终端设备还包括控制器，控制器用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整防护电路中的第一电源管理芯片输出的电压。
这样，基于SIM卡调整第一电源管理芯片输出的电压，适配于不同的SIM卡，提升实用性。第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种控制方法。
可选的，控制器还用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整防护电路中的控制单元输出的第一电压的电压值。
这样，基于SIM卡调整防护电路中第一电压，适配于不同的SIM卡，提升实用性。
示例性的，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。如图10所示，终端设备包括：终端设备可以包括处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，传感器模块180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。其中传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器180A，陀螺仪传感器180B，气压传感器180C，磁传感器180D，加速度传感器180E，距离传感器180F，接近光传感器180G，指纹传感器180H，温度传感器180J，触摸传感器180K，环境光传感器180L，骨传导传感器180M等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的结构并不构成对终端设备的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对终端设备的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端设备也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过USB接口130接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过终端设备的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块140为电池142充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块141为电子设备供电。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。电源管理模块141还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块141也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块141和充电管理模块140也可以设置于同一个器件中。
可以理解的是，上述实施例中的防护电路中的电源对应于图10中的电池142。充电接口对应于USB接口130。电源管理模块141包括上述实施例所示的防护电路。
一些实施例中，电源管理模块141位于处理器中。
终端设备通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示 信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emittingdiode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrixorganic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emittingdiode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot lightemitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，终端设备可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
终端设备可以通过ISP，摄像头193，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏194以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头193反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度，肤色进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头193中。
摄像头193用于捕获静态图像或视频。在一些实施例中，终端设备可以包括1个或N个摄像头193，N为大于1的正整数。多个摄像头193的种类可以不同，例如摄像头193可以包括用于获取彩色图像的摄像头或TOF摄像头等。本申请实施例中，摄像头可以理解为相机。摄像头包括：本申请实施例中的AO相机、TOF相机等。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展终端设备的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，可执行程序代码包括指令。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。
终端设备可以通过音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。终端设备可以接收按键输入，产生与终端设备的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。指示器192可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
另外，在上述部件之上，设备还运行有操作系统。例如iOS操作系统，安卓(android)操作系统，或Windows操作系统等。在操作系统上可以安装运行应用程序。
终端设备的软件系统可以采用分层架构，事件驱动架构，微核架构，微服务架构，或云架构等，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种芯片。芯片包括处理器，处理器用于调用存储器中的计算机程序，以执行上述实施例中的技术方案。其实现原理和技术效果与上述相关实施例类似，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序。计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述方法。上述实施例中描述的方法可以 全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现，则功能可以作为一个或多个指令或代码存储在计算机可读介质上或者在计算机可读介质上传输。计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，还可以包括任何可以将计算机程序从一个地方传送到另一个地方的介质。存储介质可以是可由计算机访问的任何目标介质。
一种可能的实现方式中，计算机可读介质可以包括RAM，ROM，只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储器，磁盘存储器或其它磁存储设备，或目标于承载的任何其它介质或以指令或数据结构的形式存储所需的程序代码，并且可由计算机访问。而且，任何连接被适当地称为计算机可读介质。例如，如果使用同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL)或无线技术(如红外，无线电和微波)从网站，服务器或其它远程源传输软件，则同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，DSL或诸如红外，无线电和微波之类的无线技术包括在介质的定义中。如本文所使用的磁盘和光盘包括光盘，激光盘，光盘，数字通用光盘(Digital Versatile Disc，DVD)，软盘和蓝光盘，其中磁盘通常以磁性方式再现数据，而光盘利用激光光学地再现数据。上述的组合也应包括在计算机可读介质的范围内。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法。
本申请实施例是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程设备的处理单元以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理单元执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
需要说明的是，本申请所涉及的用户信息(包括但不限于用户设备信息、用户个人信息等)和数据(包括但不限于用于分析的数据、存储的数据、展示的数据等)，均为经用户授权或者经过各方充分授权的信息和数据，并且相关数据的收集、使用和处理需要遵守相关法律法规和标准，并提供有相应的操作入口，供用户选择授权或者拒绝。
以上的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种防护电路，其特征在于，包括：第一电源管理芯片、SIM卡卡座、开关单元和控制模块；
    所述第一电源管理芯片与所述开关单元的第一极连接，所述SIM卡卡座与所述开关单元的第二极连接，所述开关单元的第三极受到所述控制模块的控制；
    所述第一电源管理芯片用于经所述开关单元为所述SIM卡卡座供电；
    所述SIM卡卡座用于装配SIM卡；
    所述控制模块用于输出第一电压，使得所述开关单元在受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于关断状态，以及所述开关单元在未受到外部的浪涌或者直流的过压时处于导通状态；
    其中，所述第一电压的电压值大于所述第一电源管理芯片输出的电压与所述开关单元中的开关管的阈值电压之和。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述开关单元包括第一开关管Q1；
    所述Q1的第一极与所述第一电源管理芯片连接，所述Q1的第二极与所述SIM卡卡座连接，所述Q1的第三极受到所述控制模块的控制；
    其中，所述第一电压的电压值小于或等于所述Q1的阈值电压与第二电压之和；所述第二电压为所述第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于基于所述第一电源管理芯片输出的电压值调整所述第一电压；
    所述第一电压大于所述第一电源管理芯片输出的电压与第一值之和，第一值大于或等于所述Q1的阈值电压，所述第一值为定值。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述开关单元包括第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3；
    所述Q2的第一极与所述SIM卡卡座连接，所述Q2的第二极与所述Q3的第二极连接，所述Q3的第一极与所述第一电源管理芯片连接，所述Q2的第三极和所述Q3的第三极均受到所述控制模块的控制；
    其中，所述第一电压的电压值小于或等于所述Q3的阈值电压与第二电压之和；所述第二电压为所述第一电源管理芯片可承受的最大电压。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括：第一分压单元、第二分压单元和第二电源管理芯片；
    所述第二电源管理芯片与所述第一分压单元的一端连接，所述第一分压单元的另一端与所述第二分压单元的一端连接，所述第二分压单元的另一端接地，所述第一分压单元的另一端与所述开关单元的第三极连接；
    所述第一分压单元和所述第二分压单元用于对所述第二电源管理芯片输出的电压进行调整，使得所述开关单元的第三极处的电压为所述第一电压。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述第一分压单元包括第一电阻R1，所述第二分压单元包括第二电阻R2；
    所述第二电源管理芯片与所述R1的一端连接，所述R1的另一端与所述R2的一 端连接，所述R2的另一端接地，所述R1的另一端与所述开关单元的第三极连接；
    所述R1和所述R2用于对所述第二电源管理芯片输出的电压进行调整，使得所述开关单元的第三极处的电压为所述第一电压。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述第二电源管理芯片包括升压结构，所述升压结构用于对所述第二电源管理芯片输入的电压进行升压调整，使得所述第二电源管理芯片输出的电压大于或等于所述第一电压。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括：可编程的电源芯片；
    所述可编程的电源芯片用于控制所述开关单元的第三极处的电压为所述第一电压。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述可编程的电源芯片包括：电压调整模块、反馈模块、控制逻辑和驱动模块；
    所述电压调整单元用于调整所述可编程电源输出的所述第一电压；
    所述反馈模块用于将预设电压与所述电压调整单元实际输出的电压之间的误差反馈至控制逻辑；所述预设电压为电压调整单元预先设置的输出的电压；
    所述控制逻辑用于向所述驱动模块输出调整信号；
    所述驱动模块用于基于所述调整信号驱动电压调整单元以调整所述电压调整模块实际输出的电压。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的防护电路，其特征在于，所述可编程的电源芯片还包括：接口控制模块；
    所述接口控制模块用于基于来自控制器传输的信号调整所述可编程的电源芯片输出的所述第一电压对应的电压值。
  11. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10任一项所述的防护电路。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备还包括控制器，所述控制器用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整所述防护电路中的第一电源管理芯片输出的电压。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述控制器还用于基于SIM卡卡座装配的SIM卡调整所述防护电路中的控制单元输出的第一电压的电压值。
PCT/CN2024/083388 2023-06-27 2024-03-22 防护电路和相关装置 Ceased WO2025001353A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310775335.X 2023-06-27
CN202310775335.XA CN119209416A (zh) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 防护电路和相关装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025001353A1 true WO2025001353A1 (zh) 2025-01-02

Family

ID=93936969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2024/083388 Ceased WO2025001353A1 (zh) 2023-06-27 2024-03-22 防护电路和相关装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN119209416A (zh)
WO (1) WO2025001353A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN121255698A (zh) * 2025-12-04 2026-01-02 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 服务器的信号参数调整方法及电子设备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101047313A (zh) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-03 三星电子株式会社 过压保护控制电路和过压保护控制方法
CN103327656A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-25 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 通信模块和便携式终端
WO2020156160A1 (zh) * 2019-01-30 2020-08-06 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 升压芯片及其短路保护电路
CN217590282U (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-10-14 南京飞兆电子科技有限公司 一种充电保护电路及电动车
CN218569832U (zh) * 2022-11-10 2023-03-03 科世达(上海)机电有限公司 一种单向保护电路、车电系统及集成芯片

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101047313A (zh) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-03 三星电子株式会社 过压保护控制电路和过压保护控制方法
CN103327656A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-25 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 通信模块和便携式终端
WO2020156160A1 (zh) * 2019-01-30 2020-08-06 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 升压芯片及其短路保护电路
CN217590282U (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-10-14 南京飞兆电子科技有限公司 一种充电保护电路及电动车
CN218569832U (zh) * 2022-11-10 2023-03-03 科世达(上海)机电有限公司 一种单向保护电路、车电系统及集成芯片

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN121255698A (zh) * 2025-12-04 2026-01-02 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 服务器的信号参数调整方法及电子设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN119209416A (zh) 2024-12-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP4459424B1 (en) Folding electronic device
US12614914B2 (en) Method for switching connection status of cell, power supply system, and electronic device
KR20150091729A (ko) 전자 장치의 충전 회로
CN114498804B (zh) 用于开机或唤醒系统的电子设备和控制电路
WO2023077930A1 (zh) 线性马达驱动方法、电路及相关装置
CN115714890B (zh) 供电电路和电子设备
CN115633111B (zh) 线路板、相关装置和控制方法
CN116566004A (zh) 一种充电装置及电子设备
CN115086562B (zh) 供电电路、供电控制方法及电子设备
CN113672534B (zh) 终端设备和开关电路
CN117707265B (zh) 电子设备及电压调整芯片
CN119209416A (zh) 防护电路和相关装置
CN116455035A (zh) 保护电路及电子设备
WO2026045374A1 (zh) 供电装置、充电方法、电子设备、芯片系统及存储介质
CN219181410U (zh) 供电电路及电子设备
WO2025001286A1 (zh) 充放电电路和相关装置
WO2024244588A1 (zh) 放电电路、控制方法和相关装置
CN116937983A (zh) 一种电压变换电路及电子设备
CN119051181A (zh) 放电电路、控制方法和相关装置
CN220964648U (zh) 可控电源电路和电子设备
CN219477638U (zh) 屏幕驱动芯片供电系统和终端设备
CN118778761B (zh) 电压调节电路、电子设备及电压调节方法
CN219499521U (zh) 扬声器电路和终端设备
CN221448275U (zh) 电源电路、显示模组及显示设备
CN117155126B (zh) 终端设备及控制方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 24830005

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE