WO2025001202A1 - 电池安装架、车架组件和车辆 - Google Patents

电池安装架、车架组件和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025001202A1
WO2025001202A1 PCT/CN2024/078162 CN2024078162W WO2025001202A1 WO 2025001202 A1 WO2025001202 A1 WO 2025001202A1 CN 2024078162 W CN2024078162 W CN 2024078162W WO 2025001202 A1 WO2025001202 A1 WO 2025001202A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
mounting
main body
vehicle
docking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/078162
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴凯
曹根
李烁
张帅
产利兵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to JP2025576108A priority Critical patent/JP2026524399A/ja
Priority to EP24829860.6A priority patent/EP4737156A1/en
Priority to CN202490000104.XU priority patent/CN224159157U/zh
Priority to KR1020267003062A priority patent/KR20260028860A/ko
Publication of WO2025001202A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001202A1/zh
Priority to US19/434,013 priority patent/US20260128442A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery mounting rack, a frame assembly and a vehicle.
  • the present application provides a battery mounting rack, a frame assembly and a vehicle, which can improve the efficiency and success rate of battery replacement.
  • the present application provides a battery mounting rack, comprising: a rack body, a docking structure and a mounting structure, wherein the rack body is suitable for being installed on a vehicle body, the mounting structure is integrated on the rack body and is used to mount the battery, and the docking structure is also integrated on the rack body and is used to connect the vehicle body and dock the battery so that the battery and the vehicle body form a circuit and/or fluid connection.
  • the mounting installation of the battery can be realized through the mounting structure integrated on the frame body, and the circuit and/or liquid circuit connection between the battery and the vehicle body can be realized through the docking structure integrated on the frame body, so that there is no need to connect wires and pipes, which simplifies the cumbersome battery replacement operation and improves the battery replacement efficiency.
  • the mounting structure and the docking structure are both integrated on the frame body, the mounting connection position of the battery is consistent with the reference base of the water and electricity docking position, that is, the reference base is the frame body, thereby improving the success rate of battery replacement.
  • the frame body includes: a main body and an extension part, the main body is suitable for being installed on a vehicle body, the docking structure is arranged on the main body, one end of the extension part is connected to the main body, and the other end extends in a direction away from the main body, and the mounting structure is arranged on the extension part.
  • the frame body includes a main body and an extension part, and one end of the extension part is connected to the main body and The other end extends in a direction away from the main body, so that the docking structure and the mounting structure are respectively arranged on the main body and the extension part, that is, the docking structure and the mounting structure are respectively arranged at different positions of the frame body to avoid interference between the mounting structure and the docking structure, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of matching the docking structure and the mounting structure with the battery 30.
  • the main body includes a beam avoidance groove
  • the beam avoidance groove has an opening that passes through along a first direction
  • the docking structure is located in the beam avoidance groove.
  • the docking structure in the vehicle beam avoidance groove can be fully utilized to improve space utilization, and it is convenient to reduce the space occupied by the docking structure at other positions of the battery mounting frame, and on the other hand, the docking structure can obtain the protection of the inner wall of the vehicle beam avoidance groove, so as to reduce the probability of the docking structure being damaged by bumps and improve the problem of the docking structure being corroded and failed by mud and water.
  • the main body includes a plurality of first main body walls spaced apart along a first direction, a relief opening is formed between two adjacent first main body walls, and a docking interface of the docking structure is higher than the first main body wall and is arranged corresponding to the relief opening.
  • the height of the docking interface of the docking structure is relatively large from the ground, which can obtain better protection, and the height setting of the docking interface of the docking structure is conducive to saving space, so as to increase the height dimension of the battery, improve the compactness of the battery mounting frame and the battery, make full use of the space, and increase the size and dimensional energy density of the battery.
  • the avoidance opening when the battery is mounted on the battery mounting frame, part of the battery can extend upward into the avoidance opening and dock with the docking interface of the docking structure, thereby meeting the docking requirements.
  • the docking structure includes a supporting frame and a docking device
  • the supporting frame includes a supporting portion and a supporting leg portion
  • the docking device is arranged on the supporting portion
  • the supporting leg portion extends from both ends of the supporting portion in the first direction toward the first main wall and is connected to the first main wall.
  • the bearing part can be spaced apart from the first main body wall, so that the bearing frame can be constructed into a shape that can avoid the battery upward, and it is convenient to increase the setting height of the docking device, so as to save space and increase the height size of the battery.
  • the first direction X is the length direction of the vehicle
  • arranging the two leg parts on both sides of the bearing part in the first direction X can only occupy the space of the battery in the length direction of the vehicle.
  • the space in this direction is relatively sufficient, which can reduce the space occupied by the battery in the width direction of the vehicle, which is conducive to increasing the size and energy density of the battery in the width direction of the vehicle.
  • the bearing portion has a first weight-reducing structure, and/or a first reinforcement structure is provided at the connection between the leg portion and the bearing portion.
  • a first weight-reducing structure is provided on the bearing part to reduce the weight of the bearing part.
  • the weight of the docking structure is reduced to achieve a lightweight design of the docking structure.
  • a first reinforcing structure is provided at the connection between the load-bearing part and the leg part to enhance the structural strength of the connection between the load-bearing part and the leg part, thereby reducing the possibility of fracture at the connection between the leg part and the load-bearing part.
  • the support frame is an integrally formed part and is assembled and connected to the first main body wall.
  • the supporting frame is set as an integrally formed part to reduce the difficulty of setting up the supporting frame and to ensure the overall structural strength of the supporting frame.
  • the supporting frame is assembled and connected to the first main body wall to reduce the difficulty of loading and unloading the supporting frame and the first main body wall, thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery mounting frame.
  • each avoidance opening is respectively provided with a corresponding docking structure.
  • the docking requirements of the plurality of batteries with the circuits and/or liquid circuits of the vehicle body can be respectively achieved through a plurality of docking structures, that is, each battery can be connected with the circuits and/or liquid circuits of the vehicle body through the docking of the corresponding docking structure, so that the vehicle can be individually connected with each battery through the corresponding docking structure, which is beneficial for each battery to be powered separately or controlled separately by the vehicle body.
  • the main body portion includes a second main body wall extending along a first direction, wherein there are two second main body walls and the second main body walls are spaced apart along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the two second main body walls are connected at both ends of each first main body wall in the second direction to form a beam avoidance groove with an open top between the first main body wall and the second main body wall, and the extension portion is connected to the second main body wall and is located on a side of the second main body wall away from the first main body wall in the second direction.
  • first main body walls and second main body walls can be connected into an integral structure, so as to reduce the difficulty of setting and forming the main body, and to define the extension direction of the beam avoidance groove so that it extends along the first direction.
  • the main body can be pushed upward from bottom to top so that the beam enters the beam avoidance groove, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery mounting frame to the vehicle body.
  • the battery mounting frame can be installed later, so that the battery mounting frame can be used in a variety of vehicle models.
  • the extension part is connected to the side of the second main body wall away from the first main body wall in the second direction, which can increase the length of the extension part in the second direction while avoiding the interference between the extension part and the beam, so as to expand the battery mounting space in the second direction. And it is convenient to connect the extension part with the main body.
  • a plurality of extension portions are provided on one side of the main body portion and are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and a battery mounting space is defined between two adjacent extension portions.
  • the battery mounting space is limited between two adjacent extensions along the first direction, and the extensions can be used to protect the battery.
  • the first direction is set to the length direction of the vehicle and the mounting structure is set on the extension, at this time, the mounting structure and the extension will not occupy the battery space in the width direction of the vehicle, so that the battery mounting space can be increased.
  • the size of the battery in the width direction of the vehicle is increased, which is beneficial to improving the size energy density of the battery.
  • setting the first direction as the length direction of the vehicle is also beneficial to increasing the size or number of the battery mounting space in the length direction of the vehicle due to the relatively large length space of the vehicle, thereby further improving the size energy density or number of the battery.
  • one side of the main body is provided with multiple battery mounting spaces spaced apart along a first direction, there are multiple docking structures spaced apart along the first direction, and the multiple docking structures and the multiple battery mounting spaces are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction intersecting the first direction.
  • a plurality of battery mounting spaces are arranged at intervals along a first direction on one side of the main body, so that the battery mounting frame can have the function of mounting a plurality of batteries in the first direction, that is, realizing a multi-pack mounting function, which is conducive to realizing flexible battery replacement, and the docking structure is arranged relative to the battery mounting space along the second direction, and the distribution direction of the docking structure does not occupy the space of the battery mounting space in the first direction, that is, the docking structure will not occupy the space in the arrangement direction of the plurality of battery mounting spaces while realizing docking with the battery, which is conducive to increasing the number or size of the battery mounting spaces arranged along the first direction, improving space utilization, and enabling the battery mounting frame to mount more or larger batteries.
  • a mounting structure is arranged on a side of the extension portion facing the battery mounting space.
  • the mounting structure corresponds to the battery mounting space facing which battery mounting space, and is used to mount the battery in the battery mounting space facing which the mounting structure faces, so that the corresponding relationship between the mounting structure and the battery mounting space can be clearly defined, and the battery can be extended into the battery mounting space and connected to the mounting structure facing the battery mounting space, so that the battery can be mounted very conveniently.
  • the mounting structures corresponding to different battery mounting spaces are arranged at different positions and will not interfere with each other, so that the mounting structures corresponding to each battery mounting space can have a relatively sufficient space for flexible arrangement, so that the mounting structure can mount the battery more easily and reliably.
  • At least one extension portion located in the middle of multiple extension portions arranged along the first direction is a common extension portion, and the common extension portion has battery mounting spaces on both sides in the first direction, and mounting structures are arranged on both sides of the battery mounting spaces facing the two sides of the common extension portion.
  • the number of battery mounting spaces arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main body when the number of battery mounting spaces arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main body is fixed, the number of extensions arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main body can be reduced, thereby reducing costs and reducing the load of the vehicle.
  • mounting structures are arranged on both sides of the battery mounting spaces facing both sides of the common extension, the batteries in the two adjacent battery mounting spaces in the first direction can be mounted on the mounting structures on both sides of the common extension, respectively, so that the battery mounting is more compact and helps to reduce the difficulty of setting the mounting structure.
  • the mounting structures on both sides of the common extension portion are misaligned in their orthographic projections on a projection plane perpendicular to the first direction.
  • mounting structures are provided on the extension portions on both sides of the battery mounting space in the first direction.
  • the extension parts on both sides of the battery mounting space in the first direction can both play the role of supporting the batteries in the battery mounting space, and the mounting structures on both sides can disperse the force to reduce stress concentration and cause deformation, fracture and other problems in the extension parts, thereby increasing the service life of the common extension parts and improving the mounting reliability of the battery.
  • the mounting structures on both sides of the battery mounting space are misaligned in their orthographic projections on a projection plane perpendicular to the first direction.
  • a plurality of mounting structures are disposed on a side of the extension portion facing the battery mounting space, and at least two of the mounting structures are spaced apart along the length direction of the extension portion.
  • the extension portion includes a mounting edge protruding toward the battery mounting space, and the mounting structure is located on the mounting edge.
  • the mounting edge can play a certain direct or indirect supporting role on the battery to enhance the mounting stability of the battery.
  • the mounting edge is located at a lower edge of the extending portion in a height direction.
  • the mounting structure is set at a lower height, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of maintenance of the mounting structure, and is beneficial to the loading connection between the mounting structure and the battery, and improves the compactness of the battery and the extension part, reduces space waste, and utilizes the saved space to further increase the size of the battery, thereby further improving the size energy density of the battery.
  • the length direction of the mounting edge is the same as the extension direction of the extension portion; wherein, the mounting edge is provided with a plurality of mounting structures arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting edge, or the mounting structure on the mounting edge is configured as one and extends along the length direction of the mounting edge.
  • the length direction of the mounting edge is the same as the extension direction of the extension part, it is beneficial to reduce the processing difficulty of the mounting edge, so that the mounting edge has a larger length dimension and a larger number of mounting structures are set, and multiple mounting structures are set along the length direction of the mounting edge.
  • the spacing thereby helping to enhance the mounting stability of the battery, or helping to increase the number of batteries mounted on the mounting edge.
  • the mounting structure extends along the length direction of the mounting edge, that is, the length direction of the mounting structure is consistent with the length direction of the mounting edge, so that the length dimension of the mounting structure is larger, with a larger force-bearing area, or with more connection positions, so as to facilitate simultaneous connection with multiple connection structures on the battery, improve the mounting reliability of the battery, or facilitate simultaneous mounting of multiple batteries.
  • the battery mounting bracket further includes a reinforcing portion, and the reinforcing portion is used to connect at least two extension portions located on the same side of the main body portion.
  • the main body is provided with extension portions on both sides thereof in a second direction intersecting the first direction.
  • the space in the first direction and the second direction can be fully utilized, so as to utilize the space on both sides of the main body in the second direction Y to mount the batteries respectively.
  • the two parts of the same battery located on both sides of the main body can be mounted respectively, or the two batteries located on both sides of the main body can be mounted respectively, thereby increasing the size of the mounted battery or increasing the number of mounted batteries.
  • the extension directions of the extension portions on both sides of the main body in the second direction are the same, and the orthographic projections of the projections of the extension portions on both sides of the main body in the second direction coincide with each other in the extension direction.
  • the first extension part and the second extension part can simultaneously mount the two parts of the same battery located on both sides of the width direction of the vehicle beam. In this way, the size of the battery can be made larger to reduce the number of batteries and reduce the complexity of battery replacement.
  • the height of the extension portion decreases in a direction away from the main body.
  • the height of the extension portion is set to decrease in the direction away from the main body, so that the height of the end of the extension portion connected to the main body is relatively large, and the height of the end of the extension portion away from the main body is relatively small, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the extension portion and the main body, improving the reliability of the extension portion for mounting the battery, and reducing the weight of the extension portion, thereby reducing the load on the vehicle.
  • the mounting structure is located at a lower edge of the extension portion, the lower edge of the extension portion extends along a horizontal line, and the upper edge of the extension portion has a decreasing trend in a direction away from the main body portion.
  • the height of the mounting structure is low, which is convenient for reducing the difficulty of mounting the battery, and the lower edge of the extension part extends along the horizontal line, which is conducive to the mounting.
  • the loading structures are all located at the same horizontal height, thereby facilitating the battery mounting operation.
  • the upper edge of the extension portion tends to decrease in the direction away from the main body, so that the height of the end of the extension portion connected to the main body is relatively large, while the height of the end of the extension portion away from the main body is relatively small, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the extension portion and the main body, improving the reliability of the extension portion for mounting the battery, and reducing the weight of the extension portion, thereby reducing the load on the vehicle.
  • a second weight-reducing structure and/or a second reinforcement structure is provided on the extension portion.
  • a second weight-reducing structure is provided to reduce the weight of the extension part and realize a lightweight design of the extension part; and/or a second reinforcing structure is provided to enhance the structural strength of the extension part and improve the problem of deformation caused by stress on the extension part.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a frame assembly, comprising: a vehicle beam, the vehicle beam comprising two longitudinal beams extending along a first direction and spaced apart along a second direction; a battery mounting frame of any of the above embodiments, wherein the frame body is mounted to the vehicle beam, and the docking structure is located between the two longitudinal beams.
  • the two longitudinal beams can be used to protect the docking structure to a certain extent, thereby reducing damage to the docking structure, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the docking structure, and enabling the docking structure to make full use of the space between the two longitudinal beams to improve space utilization, which is beneficial to increasing the size and dimensional energy density of the battery.
  • the docking interface of the docking structure is higher than the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam and is arranged downward.
  • the height of the docking interface of the docking structure is relatively large, which can obtain better protection.
  • the height setting of the docking interface of the docking structure is conducive to saving space, so as to increase the height dimension of the battery so that at least part of the battery can extend between the two longitudinal beams, improve the compactness of the battery mounting frame and the battery, make full use of the space, and increase the size and dimensional energy density of the battery.
  • the battery can be mounted from bottom to top while being docked with the docking structure, thereby improving the efficiency of battery replacement.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a battery and a frame assembly according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein the battery is mounted on a mounting structure and docked with a docking structure.
  • a frame assembly is provided to realize the mounting of the battery by utilizing the mounting structure, and the battery and the vehicle body are connected to form a circuit and/or a fluid path through a docking structure to meet the docking requirements of the circuit and/or fluid path of the battery and the vehicle body.
  • the battery includes two battery side portions and a battery central portion.
  • the two battery side portions are respectively located on both sides of the battery central portion, and the top surface of the battery central portion is lower than the top surface of the battery side portions, so as to form a clearance groove between the two battery side portions and the battery central portion, which runs through the length direction of the vehicle beam and has an open top for avoiding the vehicle beam.
  • the battery side portions are detachably connected to the mounting structure, and the top of the battery central portion has a docking portion for docking with the docking structure.
  • the structure of the battery is ingenious.
  • the overall size of the battery can be increased to improve the size energy density of the battery.
  • the mounting reliability and stability of the battery can be improved.
  • the docking part is set at the top of the central part of the battery, so that when the battery moves from bottom to top along the height direction of the vehicle, the docking part of the battery can be easily docked with the docking structure between the two longitudinal beams.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a frame assembly and a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a battery mounting rack according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG4 ;
  • FIG6 is a partial enlarged view of a battery mounting rack according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG4;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a bottom view of the vehicle in FIG9 ;
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the section E-E in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the F-F portion of Fig. 9;
  • FIG13 is an orthographic projection view of a battery mounting rack according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a battery mounting rack according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • X and/or Y may represent: X exists alone, X and Y exist at the same time, and Y exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the power battery is installed at the bottom of the vehicle, and the power battery needs to be connected to the vehicle's circuit and fluid circuits through wires and pipes.
  • the operation of connecting the wires and pipes is cumbersome, the battery replacement efficiency is low, and there is a risk of disconnection and damage when the wires and pipes are suspended, which affects the reliability of the circuit and fluid circuit connection between the vehicle and the power battery.
  • the present application proposes a battery mounting rack, wherein the battery mounting rack includes a rack body, a mounting structure and a docking structure, the rack body is suitable for being installed on a vehicle body, the mounting structure is integrated on the rack body and is used to mount the battery, the docking structure is also integrated on the rack body and is used to connect the vehicle body and dock the battery so that the battery and the vehicle body form a circuit and/or liquid circuit connection.
  • the mounting installation of the battery can be realized through the mounting structure integrated on the rack body, and the circuit and/or fluid connection between the battery and the vehicle body can be realized through the docking structure integrated on the rack body, thereby eliminating the need to connect wires and pipes, simplifying the cumbersome battery replacement operation, improving the battery replacement efficiency, and reducing or avoiding the risk of disconnection and damage of suspended wires and pipes, thereby improving the reliability of circuit and/or fluid connection.
  • the mounting structure and the docking structure are both integrated on the rack body, the mounting connection position of the battery is consistent with the reference datum of the water-electricity docking position, that is, the reference datum is the rack body, thereby improving the success rate of battery replacement.
  • the mounting structure is only set on the frame body and the docking structure is set outside the frame body, for example, the docking structure is set on other mounting frames spaced apart from the frame body, or the docking structure is set on the vehicle body, for example, on the vehicle beam of the vehicle body, the reference datums of the mounting structure and the docking structure are inconsistent. Therefore, there will be some deviations in the relative position accuracy of the mounting structure and the docking structure, resulting in hidden dangers of mounting connection failure or water-electricity docking failure, which will affect the battery replacement efficiency and battery replacement success rate.
  • the battery mounting rack of the embodiment of the present application can improve the battery replacement efficiency and the battery replacement success rate.
  • the battery disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in an electrical device that uses the battery as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use the battery as an energy storage element.
  • the electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • the electric toy can include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like
  • the spacecraft can include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 30 inside, and the battery 30 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 30 can be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 30 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 can also include a controller 40 and a motor 50, and the controller 40 is used to control the battery 30 to power the motor 50, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 30 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 30 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 30 includes a box body 301 and a battery cell 302, and the battery cell 302 is accommodated in the box body 301.
  • the box body 301 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 302, and the box body 301 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body 301 may include a first part 3011 and a second part 3012, and the first part 3011 and the second part 3012 cover each other, and the first part 3011 and the second part 3012 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 302.
  • the second part 3012 may be a hollow structure with an open end
  • the first part 3011 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 3011 covers the open end of the second part 3012, so that the first part 3011 and the second part 3012 define a receiving space together
  • the first part 3011 and the second part 3012 may also be hollow structures with an open end at one side, and the open end of the first part 3011 covers the open end of the second part 3012.
  • the box body 301 formed by the first part 3011 and the second part 3012 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 30 may include a battery cell 302. There may be multiple battery cells 302. Multiple battery cells 302 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 302 are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells 302 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by multiple battery cells 302 is accommodated in the box 301.
  • the battery 30 may also be a battery module formed by multiple battery cells 302 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 301.
  • the battery 30 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 30 may also include a busbar for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 302.
  • the battery cell 302 may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell 302 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell 302 is generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell 302 includes a housing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the housing is used to contain the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell 302 mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the material of the separator is not limited, for example, it can be polypropylene or polyethylene.
  • the positive electrode sheet generally includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is directly or indirectly coated on the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode current collector, which is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the material of the positive electrode active material layer may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet may generally include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, wherein the negative electrode active material layer is directly or indirectly coated on the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the material of the negative electrode active material layer may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the electrode assembly can be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery mounting rack 10 for mounting a battery 30 on a vehicle body 101.
  • the battery mounting rack 10 comprises: a rack body 10a, a mounting structure 3 and a docking structure 6, wherein the rack body 10a is suitable for being mounted on the vehicle body 101.
  • the mounting structure 3 is integrated on the rack body 10a and is used to mount the battery 30.
  • the docking structure 6 is also integrated on the rack body 10a and is used to connect the vehicle body 101 and dock the battery 30 so that the battery 30 is connected to the vehicle body 101 in a circuit and/or a fluid path.
  • the battery mounting frame 10 of the embodiment of the present application can be used for chassis-type battery swapping of the vehicle 1000.
  • the chassis-type battery swapping battery swapping under frame refers to: a method of realizing vehicle energy replenishment by flexibly replacing the battery swapping battery system installed under the chassis of the whole vehicle.
  • the swappable battery system refers to: the power battery system (referred to as battery 30 in this application) that is replaced as a whole during the battery swapping process of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery swapping battery system generally includes: a power battery, a battery management system, a battery swapping electrical interface, a battery swapping cooling interface, and a battery swapping mechanical interface, etc., which can be charged and discharged in a non-vehicle state.
  • the terms and definitions of the embodiments of the present application can refer to GB/T 19596 Electric Vehicle Terminology.
  • the battery 30 is mounted on the frame body 10a through the connection between the mounting structure 3 and the battery 30, and by integrating the docking structure 6 on the frame body 10a, when the battery 30 is mounted on the frame body 10a through the mounting structure 3, the battery 30 can dock with the docking structure 6 to form a circuit and/or fluid circuit connection, and the docking structure 6 is also connected to the vehicle body 101, and also forms a circuit and/or fluid circuit connection, thereby satisfying the battery 30
  • the need to achieve circuit and/or fluid circuit connectivity with the vehicle body 101 through docking with the docking structure 6 can be satisfied.
  • the structure of the mounting structure 3 is not limited, for example, it may include but is not limited to a mounting slot, a mounting hole, a mounting protrusion, a mounting pin, a mounting screw, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the connection method between the docking structure 6 and the vehicle body 101 is also not limited, for example, it may be connected by docking through a docking terminal, or it may be connected by plugging wires and/or pipes.
  • the docking structure 6 when used to achieve circuit connectivity, it can be used for current transfer between the vehicle 1000 and the battery 30, so that the battery 30 supplies power to the vehicle 1000, and the vehicle 1000 controls the battery 30.
  • the docking structure 6 when the docking structure 6 is used to achieve liquid circuit connectivity, it can be used for heat transfer between the thermal management system of the vehicle 1000 and the battery 30, so that the temperature of the battery 30 can be adjusted by the thermal management system to improve the working reliability and safety of the battery 30, or the thermal management system can be used to absorb the waste heat of the battery 30 to meet the heat source requirements of the heat pump air conditioning system of the vehicle 1000, etc., which will not be elaborated here.
  • the connection requirements of the circuit and/or liquid circuit between the battery 30 and the vehicle body 101 can be met by the structural design of the battery mounting frame 10, so that the structural design of the vehicle body 101 and the battery 30 can be simplified.
  • the setting position of the docking structure 6 is not limited, and can be specifically selected according to the shape of the battery mounting frame 10.
  • the docking structure 6 may include a first docking structure and a second docking structure, the first docking structure is used to dock with the circuit terminal on the battery 30, and the second docking structure is used to dock with the liquid path port on the battery 30.
  • the relative positions of the first docking structure and the second docking structure are not limited, for example, they can be spaced apart in the horizontal direction, such as left and right or front and back, so that the first docking structure and the second docking structure do not interfere with each other when docking.
  • the first docking structure and the second docking structure mentioned above are only used to illustrate part of the docking structure 6, and do not represent a limitation thereto.
  • the mounting and installation of the battery 30 can be realized through the mounting structure 3 integrated on the rack body 10a, and the circuit and/or liquid circuit between the battery 30 and the vehicle body 101 can be connected through the docking structure 6 integrated on the rack body 10a, so that there is no need to connect wires and pipes, which simplifies the cumbersome battery replacement operation and improves the battery replacement efficiency.
  • the mounting structure 3 and the docking structure 6 are both integrated on the rack body 10a, the mounting connection position of the battery 30 is consistent with the reference reference of the water and electricity docking position, that is, the reference reference is the rack body 10a, so that the success rate of battery replacement can be improved.
  • the frame body 10 a includes a main body portion 1 and an extension portion 2 .
  • the main body 1 is suitable for being installed on the vehicle body 101.
  • the docking structure 6 is provided on the main body 1.
  • One end of the extension 2 is connected to the main body 1 and the other end extends in a direction away from the main body 1.
  • the mounting structure 3 is provided on the extension 2.
  • One end of the extension portion 2 is connected to the main portion 1, and the other end extends in a direction away from the main portion 1” includes that one end of the extension portion 2 is connected to the main portion 1 and the other end extends obliquely or vertically in a direction away from the main portion 1, etc., that is, the specific extension direction of the extension portion 2 is not limited.
  • the docking structure 6 on the main body 1, when the main body 1 is installed on the vehicle body 101, the connection between the vehicle body 101 and the docking structure 6 is facilitated, and the mounting structure 3 is set on the extension part 2, so that the docking structure 6 and the mounting structure 3 are respectively set at different positions of the frame body 10a to prevent the mounting structure 3 and the docking structure 6 from interfering with each other, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of matching the docking structure 6 and the mounting structure 3 with the battery 30.
  • the extension portion 2 when the extension portion 2 extends along the width direction of the vehicle body 101 (for example, the second direction Y shown in FIG. 4 ), the extension portion 2 extends along the width direction of the vehicle body 101.
  • the extension portion 2 can be located on one side of the battery 30 in the length direction of the vehicle body 101 (for example, the first direction X shown in Figure 4). Since the length dimension of the vehicle body 101 is relatively sufficient relative to the width dimension, the extension portion 2 and the mounting structure 3 arranged on the extension portion 2 are arranged to occupy the space of the battery 30 in the length direction of the vehicle body 101. This can help reduce the space occupied by the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle body 101, thereby helping to increase the size of the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle body 101 and improve the size energy density of the battery 30.
  • the main body 1 includes a beam avoidance groove 13, the beam avoidance groove 13 has an opening extending along the first direction X, and the docking structure 6 is located in the beam avoidance groove 13.
  • the first direction X can be set to be consistent with the length direction of the beam 20 of the vehicle body 101.
  • the length direction of the vehicle body 101, the length direction of the vehicle 1000, and the length direction of the beam 20 are all consistent, and the width direction of the vehicle body 101, the width direction of the vehicle 1000, and the width direction of the beam 20 are all consistent.
  • the beam avoidance groove 13 on the main body 1, when the main body 1 is connected to the vehicle body 101, at least part of the beam 20 can extend into the beam avoidance groove 13, and the extension direction of the beam 20 is the same as the through direction of the opening, so as to avoid interference between the battery mounting frame 10 and the beam 20, improve the compactness of the matching between the battery mounting frame 10 and the beam 20, and facilitate the use of the space near the beam 20 to set the battery 30, thereby facilitating the increase of the size and dimensional energy density of the battery 30.
  • the space in the beam avoidance groove 13 can be fully utilized to improve the space utilization rate, and it is convenient to reduce the space occupied by the docking structure 6 at other positions of the battery mounting frame 10, thereby increasing the size and dimensional energy density of the battery 30.
  • the docking structure 6 can obtain the protection of the inner wall of the beam avoidance groove 13, so as to reduce the probability of the docking structure 6 being damaged by collision, improve the problem of the docking structure 6 being corroded and failed by mud and water, etc., improve the reliability and stability of docking, and reduce the risk of electrical failure caused by mud and splashing water erosion of the docking structure 6.
  • the docking structure 6 does not need to occupy the space outside the beam 20, and will not interfere with the connection between the battery mounting frame 10 and the beam 20 or the battery 30. At the same time, it is conducive to shortening the distance between the vehicle body 101 and the docking structure 6, so as to reduce the difficulty of connecting the vehicle body 101 and the docking structure 6.
  • a beam connection structure 15 may be provided on the main body 1 to achieve connection between the main body 1 and the beam 20.
  • the main body 1 and the extension 2 may both have a portion close to the beam 20.
  • the beam connection structure 15 to connect to the beam 20, it is convenient to install the battery mounting frame 10 on the beam 20.
  • the main body 1 includes a plurality of first main body walls 11 spaced apart along a first direction X, a clearance opening 14 is formed between two adjacent first main body walls 11, and a docking interface (such as an interface of a circuit and/or an interface of a fluid path) of the docking structure 6 is higher than the first main body wall 11 and is disposed corresponding to the clearance opening 14.
  • a docking interface such as an interface of a circuit and/or an interface of a fluid path
  • the height direction of the vehicle body 101 is defined as the up-and-down direction, and the height direction of the vehicle body 101 is consistent with the height direction of the vehicle 1000, both being up-and-down in the direction of gravity.
  • the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is higher than the first main body wall 11, the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is The height from the ground is large, so better protection can be obtained, and the height setting of the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is conducive to saving space, so as to increase the height dimension of the battery 30, improve the compactness of the matching between the battery mounting frame 10 and the battery 30, make full use of the space, and increase the size and dimensional energy density of the battery 30.
  • the avoidance opening 14 when the battery 30 is mounted on the battery mounting frame 10, a part of the battery 30 can extend upward into the avoidance opening 14 and dock with the docking interface of the docking structure 6, thereby meeting the docking requirements.
  • the docking structure 6 includes a supporting frame 61 and a docking device 62
  • the supporting frame 61 includes a supporting portion 611 and a supporting leg portion 612
  • the docking device 62 is arranged on the supporting portion 611
  • the supporting leg portion 612 extends from both ends of the supporting portion 611 in the first direction X toward the first main wall 11 and is connected to the first main wall 11.
  • the bearing part 611 can be spaced apart from the first main body wall 11, so that the bearing frame 61 can be constructed in a shape that can avoid the battery 30 upward, and it is convenient to increase the setting height of the docking device 62, so as to save space and increase the height size of the battery 30.
  • the two leg parts 612 are arranged on both sides of the bearing part 611 in the first direction X, which can only occupy the space of the battery 30 in the length direction of the vehicle 1000.
  • the space in this direction is relatively sufficient, and the space occupied by the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000 can be reduced, which is conducive to increasing the size and energy density of the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000.
  • the bearing portion 611 has a first weight-reducing structure 613 , and/or a first reinforcement structure 614 is disposed at a connection between the leg portion 612 and the bearing portion 611 .
  • the first weight-reducing structure 613 may include but is not limited to a weight-reducing hole, a weight-reducing groove, or a thinning process.
  • the first reinforcement structure 614 can include but is not limited to reinforcement ribs, strip reinforcement protrusions, or partial thickening of the extension part 2, and when the first reinforcement structure 614 is set as reinforcement ribs, the structural form of the reinforcement ribs is not limited, for example, it can be straight, curved, or cross-shaped, etc.
  • the support frame 61 is an integrally formed component and is assembled and connected to the first main body wall 11 .
  • the supporting frame 61 as an integrally formed part, the difficulty of setting the supporting frame 61 is reduced, and it is beneficial to ensure the overall structural strength of the supporting frame 61, and the supporting frame 61 is assembled and connected to the first main body wall 11, so as to reduce the difficulty of assembling the supporting frame 61 and improve the production efficiency of the battery mounting frame 10.
  • the support frame 61 may not be an integrally formed part, for example, the support frame 611 and the leg portion 612 may be provided with a plurality of support frames 611 and 612. Matching connection.
  • assembly connection includes but is not limited to welding connection, connection by bolts, clamping connection, plug-in connection, etc.
  • a plurality of avoidance openings 14 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and each avoidance opening 14 is correspondingly provided with a docking structure 6 .
  • the connection requirements of the circuits and/or fluid paths of the plurality of batteries 30 with the vehicle body 101 can be respectively achieved through a plurality of docking structures 6, that is, each battery 30 can achieve the connection requirements of the circuits and/or fluid paths with the vehicle body 101 through the docking of the corresponding docking structure 6, so that the vehicle 1000 can achieve separate connection with each battery 30 through the corresponding docking structure 6, which is beneficial for each battery 30 to be powered separately or controlled separately by the vehicle body 101.
  • the main body 1 includes a second main body wall 12 extending along the first direction X, the second main body walls 12 are two and are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X (such as at an acute angle, an obtuse angle, or a right angle), the two second main body walls 12 are connected to the two ends of each first main body wall 11 in the second direction Y to form a beam avoidance groove 13 with an open top between the first main body wall 11 and the second main body wall 12, and the extension portion 2 is connected to the second main body wall 12.
  • the plurality of first main body walls 11 and the second main body wall 12 can be connected into an integral structure, thereby facilitating the reduction of the difficulty of setting and forming the main body 1, and facilitating the definition of the extension direction of the beam avoidance groove 13, so that it extends along the first direction X, and, since the top of the beam avoidance groove 13 is open, the main body 1 can be pushed upward from bottom to top, so that the beam 20 enters the beam avoidance groove 13, thereby facilitating the reduction of the difficulty of assembling the battery mounting frame 10 to the vehicle body 101, and the battery mounting frame 10 can be subsequently installed on the vehicle body 101 that has been assembled, so that the battery mounting frame 10 can be used for a variety of vehicle models.
  • the beam avoidance groove 13 can also be set to be open at the bottom, at which time, the battery mounting frame 10 and the vehicle body 101 can be assembled simultaneously during the process of assembling the vehicle body 101.
  • the extension part 2 is connected to the side of the second main body wall 12 away from the first main body wall 11 in the second direction Y, which can avoid the interference between the extension part 2 and the vehicle beam 20 while increasing the length of the extension part 2 in the second direction Y, thereby facilitating the expansion of the battery mounting space 4 in the second direction Y. It also facilitates the connection between the extension part 2 and the main body 1.
  • a plurality of extension portions 2 arranged at intervals along a first direction X are disposed on one side of the main body portion 1 , and a battery mounting space 4 is defined between two adjacent extension portions 2 .
  • the battery mounting space 4 is defined between two adjacent extension portions 2 along the first direction X, and the extension portions 2 can be used to protect the battery 30 .
  • the mounting structure 3 when the first direction X is set as the length direction of the vehicle 1000, the mounting structure 3 is set at the extension portion 2, at this time, the mounting structure 3 and the extension part 2 will not occupy the space of the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000, so that the size of the battery mounting space 4 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000 can be increased, and the size of the battery 30 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000 is increased, which is conducive to improving the size energy density of the battery 30.
  • setting the first direction X as the length direction of the vehicle 1000 is also conducive to increasing the size or number of the battery mounting space 4 in the length direction of the vehicle 1000 due to the relatively large length space of the vehicle 1000, so as to further improve the size energy density or number of the battery 30.
  • a plurality of battery mounting spaces 4 are disposed along a first direction X at intervals on one side of the main body 1 .
  • a plurality of battery mounting spaces 4 are provided at intervals along the first direction X on one side of the main body 1, so that the battery mounting rack 10 can have the function of mounting a plurality of batteries 30 in the first direction X, that is, realize the multi-pack mounting function, which is conducive to realizing flexible battery replacement.
  • the extension part 2 to define the battery mounting space 4 the problems of collision and heat transfer between the batteries 30 in two adjacent battery mounting spaces 4 along the first direction X can be improved.
  • the docking structure 6 can be provided in plurality and spaced apart along the first direction X, and the plurality of docking structures 6 and the plurality of battery mounting spaces 4 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X (for example, at an acute angle, an obtuse angle, or a right angle).
  • the distribution direction of the docking structure 6 does not occupy the space of the battery mounting space 4 in the first direction X, that is, while the docking structure 6 achieves docking with the battery 30, it does not occupy the space in the arrangement direction of multiple battery mounting spaces 4, which is beneficial to increasing the number or size of the battery mounting spaces 4 arranged along the first direction X, improving space utilization, and enabling the battery mounting rack 10 to mount more or larger batteries 30.
  • both the battery mounting space 4 and the avoidance opening 14 can be set to be multiple and spaced along the length direction (such as the first direction X) of the vehicle beam 20, and the avoidance opening 14 corresponds to the battery mounting space 4 along the width direction (such as the second direction Y) of the vehicle beam 20 one by one, and each avoidance opening 14 is respectively provided with a docking structure 6. Therefore, when the size of the battery 30 is large, the part of the battery 30 corresponding to the battery mounting space 4 can be extended into the battery mounting space 4, and the part corresponding to the avoidance opening 14 can be extended into the avoidance opening 14 to achieve docking with the docking structure 6.
  • a mounting structure 3 that can be connected to a battery 30 is provided on the battery mounting rack 10.
  • the battery 30 is connected to the mounting structure 3, at least a portion of the battery 30 can be stored in the battery mounting space 4, presenting a mounted state.
  • the battery mounting rack 10 when the battery mounting rack 10 includes a plurality of battery mounting spaces 4, the battery mounting rack 10 is provided with a mounting structure 3 corresponding to each battery mounting space 4, so that each battery mounting space 4 can be used to mount a battery 30, and the mounting structures 3 corresponding to different battery mounting spaces 4 can be independent of each other, so that each battery mounting space 4 can individually replace the mounted battery 30.
  • the mounting structure 3 corresponds to the battery mounting space 4 facing which battery mounting space 4, and is used to mount the battery 30 in the battery mounting space 4 facing which the mounting structure 3 faces, so that the corresponding relationship between the mounting structure 3 and the battery mounting space 4 can be clearly defined, and the battery 30 can be extended into the battery mounting space 4 and connected to the mounting structure 3 facing the battery mounting space 4, so that the mounting of the battery 30 can be easily realized.
  • the mounting structures 3 corresponding to different battery mounting spaces 4 are arranged at different positions and will not interfere with each other, so that the mounting structures 3 corresponding to each battery mounting space 4 can have a relatively sufficient space for flexible arrangement, so that the mounting structure 3 can mount the battery 30 more easily and reliably.
  • At least one extension portion 2 located in the middle of the multiple extension portions 2 arranged along the first direction X is a common extension portion 2a, and the common extension portion 2a has battery mounting spaces 4 on both sides of the first direction X, and mounting structures 3 are arranged on both sides of the battery mounting spaces 4 on both sides of the common extension portion 2a.
  • At least one extension portion 2 in the middle of the plurality of extension portions 2 arranged along the first direction X means that at least one extension portion 2 other than the two extension portions 2 on both sides of the plurality of extension portions 2 arranged at intervals along the first direction X is a common extension portion 2a.
  • first direction X is the length direction of the vehicle 1000 and the second direction Y is the width direction of the vehicle 1000
  • four extension portions 2 are provided on one width side of the vehicle beam 20, and at least one extension portion 2 of the two middle extension portions 2 is a common extension portion 2a.
  • the mounting structures 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 facing the two sides of the common extension part 2a, so that the batteries 30 in the two adjacent battery mounting spaces 4 in the first direction X can be respectively mounted on the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the common extension part 2a, so that the mounting of the batteries 30 is more compact and it is helpful to reduce the difficulty of setting the mounting structure 3.
  • the number of extension portions 2 arranged at intervals along the first direction X can be reduced.
  • the number of extension portions 2 on one side of the width of the vehicle beam 20 can be one more than the number of mounting spaces, that is, only one extension portion 2 is arranged between two adjacent battery mounting spaces 4 along the first direction X, which is beneficial to reduce costs and reduce the load of the vehicle 1000.
  • each extension portion 2 may be arranged between two adjacent battery mounting spaces 4 along the first direction X.
  • each extension portion 2 may only be provided with a mounting structure 3 corresponding to the battery mounting space 4 on one side, thereby reducing the bearing force of each extension portion 2 on the battery 30 and improving the mounting reliability of the battery 30.
  • the battery mounting frame 10 includes four extensions 2 spaced apart and distributed along the first direction X, and the four extensions 2 define three battery mounting spaces 4, and the two middle extensions 2 are both common extensions 2a.
  • the number of battery mounting spaces 4 in the above description is only used for illustration, for example, the battery mounting spaces 4 set in the first direction X of the battery mounting frame 10 can also be provided with two, or three, or five, or more, etc., which can be set according to the specific needs of the vehicle 1000.
  • the number of the extension portion 2 may not be more than one more than the number of the battery mounting spaces 4, for example, three battery mounting spaces 4 It may also be defined by five or six extensions 2. However, it is understandable that when the number of extensions 2 is not only one more than the battery mounting space 4, the number of extensions 2 used can be saved, and the cost and weight of the battery mounting rack 10 can be reduced.
  • the orthographic projections of the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the common extension portion 2a on the projection plane perpendicular to the first direction X are misaligned.
  • the distance from any mounting structure 3 on one side of the common extension portion 2a to the main body 1 in the second direction Y is different from the distance from any mounting structure 3 on the other side of the common extension portion 2a to the main body 1 in the second direction Y.
  • the force distribution of the common extension part 2a is more reasonable.
  • stress concentration can be reduced to reduce deformation, fracture and other problems of the extension part 2, thereby improving the service life of the common extension part 2a and improving the mounting reliability of the battery 30.
  • mounting structures 3 are disposed on the extension portions 2 on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 in the first direction X.
  • the extension parts 2 on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 in the first direction X can both play the role of supporting the battery 30 in the battery mounting space 4, and the mounting structures 3 on both sides can disperse the force to reduce stress concentration and cause deformation, fracture and other problems in the extension part 2, thereby increasing the service life of the common extension part 2a and improving the mounting reliability of the battery 30.
  • the orthographic projections of the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 on the projection plane perpendicular to the first direction X are misaligned.
  • the distance from any mounting structure 3 on one side of the battery mounting space 4 to the main body 1 in the second direction Y is different from the distance from any mounting structure 3 on the other side of the battery mounting space 4 to the main body 1 in the second direction Y.
  • the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 are staggered in the orthographic projection on the projection plane perpendicular to the first direction X, it is further beneficial to disperse the force on the mounting structures 3 on both sides, and further improve the deformation, fracture and other problems of the extension part 2 caused by stress concentration.
  • multiple extension portions 2 can be constructed as the same structure, which is conducive to simplifying the structure, facilitating processing, reducing costs, and improving assembly efficiency.
  • the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the common extension portion 2a in the first direction X can also be set so that their orthographic projections on the projection plane perpendicular to the first direction X coincide with each other.
  • the orthographic projections of the mounting structures 3 on both sides of the battery mounting space 4 in the first direction X on the projection plane in the first direction X can also coincide with each other, thereby simplifying processing and reducing costs.
  • a plurality of mounting structures 3 are disposed on one side of the extension portion 2 facing the battery mounting space 4 , and at least two mounting structures 3 are spaced apart along the length direction of the extension portion 2 (eg, the second direction Y shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • the extension portion 2 includes a mounting edge 24 protruding toward the battery mounting space 4 , and the mounting structure 3 is located on the mounting edge 24 .
  • the mounting edge 24 protrudes along the first direction X toward the inside of the battery mounting space 4 .
  • the mounting edge 24 can play a certain direct or indirect supporting role on the battery 30 to enhance the mounting stability of the battery 30.
  • the mounting edge 24 is located at the lower edge of the extending portion 2 in the height direction Z.
  • the mounting structure 3 is set at a lower height, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of maintenance of the mounting structure 3, and is beneficial to the loading connection between the mounting structure 3 and the battery 30, and improves the compactness of the battery 30 and the extension part 2, reduces space waste, and utilizes the saved space to further increase the size of the battery 30, thereby further improving the size energy density of the battery 30.
  • the raised position of the tool is lower than the extension portion 2, so that the lifting height of the tool can be reduced, and the tool does not need to be extended between the battery 30 and the extension portion 2.
  • the length direction of the mounting edge 24 is the same as the extension direction of the extension portion 2; wherein, please refer to Figure 5, Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of a battery mounting rack 10 of an embodiment of the present application, and a plurality of mounting structures 3 are provided on the mounting edge 24 and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting edge 24.
  • the length direction of the mounting edge 24 is the same as the length direction of the extension portion 2, it is beneficial to reduce the processing difficulty of the mounting edge 24, so that the mounting edge 24 has a larger length dimension and a larger number of mounting structures 3 are set, and multiple mounting structures 3 are set along the length direction of the mounting edge 24.
  • the intervals thereby helping to enhance the mounting stability of the battery 30, or helping to increase the number of batteries 30 mounted on the mounting edge 24.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of a battery mounting rack 10 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the mounting structure 3 on the mounting edge 24 is configured as one and extends along the length direction of the mounting edge 24 .
  • the length direction of the mounting edge 24 is the same as the extension direction of the extension portion 2, it is beneficial to reduce the processing difficulty of the mounting edge 24, so that the mounting edge 24 has a larger length dimension and a larger number of mounting structures 3 are set. Multiple mounting structures 3 are set along the length direction of the mounting edge 24, which is beneficial to enhance the mounting stability of the battery 30, or to increase the number of batteries 30 mounted on the mounting edge 24.
  • only one mounting structure 3 extending along the length direction of the mounting edge 24 is provided on the mounting edge 24.
  • the mounting structure 3 extends along the length direction of the mounting edge 24, that is, the length direction of the mounting structure 3 is consistent with the length direction of the mounting edge 24, so that the mounting structure 3 has a larger size, a larger force-bearing area, or has more connection positions, so as to facilitate simultaneous connection with multiple connection structures on the battery 30, improve the mounting reliability of the battery 30, or facilitate simultaneous mounting of multiple batteries 30.
  • the battery mounting bracket 10 further includes a reinforcing portion 5 , and the reinforcing portion 5 is used to connect at least two extending portions 2 located on the same side of the main body 1 .
  • the width direction of the main body 1 is consistent with the width direction of the vehicle beam 20, that is, the left-right direction of the vehicle 1000.
  • at least two extensions 2 on the left side of the main body 1 are connected by the reinforcement 5, and/or at least two extensions 2 on the right side of the main body 1 are connected by the reinforcement 5.
  • the reinforcing portion 5 and the main body 1 are disposed on both sides of the extension portion 2 in the second direction Y.
  • the two ends of the two extension portions 2 defining the battery mounting space 4 in the second direction Y can be connected by the main body 1 and the reinforcing portion 5, respectively.
  • the structure around the battery mounting space 4 is formed into a ring shape, which has a higher structural strength, a higher mounting reliability for the battery 30, and can more comprehensively protect the battery 30 from the circumference, and the position of the mounting structure 3 can be flexibly selected.
  • the main body 1 is provided with extension portions 2 on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y, respectively.
  • the batteries 30 can be mounted respectively using the space on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y.
  • the two parts of the same battery 30 located on both sides of the main body 1 can be mounted respectively, or the two batteries 30 located on both sides of the main body 1 can be mounted respectively, thereby increasing the size of the mounted battery 30 or increasing the number of mounted batteries 30.
  • the size of the battery mounting frame 10 in the second direction Y can be fully utilized to increase the number of batteries 30 that can be mounted on the battery mounting frame 10, so as to fully utilize the space of the battery mounting frame 10 in the second direction Y, and help to increase the cruising range of the vehicle 1000 after a single battery replacement.
  • the main body 1 can be fixed to the vehicle beam 20, so that the batteries 30 can be distributed on both sides of the vehicle beam 20, that is, the battery mounting rack 10 has a double-sided mounting space form to fully utilize the space under the vehicle.
  • the extension directions of the extension portions 2 on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y are the same, and the orthographic projections of the projections of the extension portions 2 on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y coincide with each other.
  • the battery mounting spaces 4 correspondingly defined by the extensions 2 on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y are of the same size and corresponding in position, so that when the battery mounting rack 10 is installed with a large-sized and relatively regular-shaped battery 30, the two side portions of the battery 30 can respectively cooperate with the two battery mounting spaces 4 correspondingly arranged on both sides of the main body 1 in the second direction Y, so that the two battery mounting spaces 4 correspondingly arranged on both sides of the main body 1 can be used together to install a large-sized battery 30, which is conducive to improving the energy density of the installed battery 30.
  • the extension 2 has a mounting structure 3
  • the two extensions 2 corresponding in position along the second direction Y can respectively play a bearing role on the two side portions of the large-sized battery 30, so as to improve the force balance and mounting stability of the battery 30.
  • the height of the extension portion 2 decreases along a direction away from the main body 1 .
  • the height of the extension portion 2 is smaller.
  • the height of the end portion of the extension portion 2 connected to the main portion 1 is relatively large, while the height of the end portion of the extension portion 2 away from the main portion 1 is relatively small, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the extension portion 2 and the main portion 1, improving the reliability of the extension portion 2 for mounting the battery 30, and reducing the weight of the extension portion 2, thereby reducing the load of the vehicle 1000.
  • the mounting structure 3 is located at the lower edge of the extension portion 2, the lower edge of the extension portion 2 extends along the horizontal line, and the upper edge of the extension portion 2 tends to decrease in the direction away from the main body portion 1.
  • the two ends of the extension portion 2 in the height direction Z are defined as the upper and lower ends.
  • the two ends of the extension portion 2 in the height direction Z are also the upper and lower ends in the gravity direction.
  • the battery mounting structures 3 are advantageously located at the same height and the height is relatively low, which is beneficial to the loading connection between the battery mounting structure 3 and the battery 30, and is convenient to reduce the difficulty of mounting the battery 30, and is beneficial to saving space for battery replacement operations, and is beneficial to increasing the size and energy density of the battery.
  • the mounting structure 3 when the mounting structure 3 is located at the lower edge of the extension portion 2, for example, it is arranged on the mounting edge 24, and the mounting edge 24 is located at the lower edge of the extension portion 2, the lower edge of the extension portion 2 can be set to extend horizontally, and the upper edge of the extension portion 2 has a decreasing trend along the direction away from the main body 1. It is worth noting that "decreasing trend" can be a gradual decrease or a stepwise decrease. Therefore, it is beneficial for the mounting structures 3 to be located at the same horizontal height, thereby facilitating the mounting operation of the battery 30.
  • the lower edge of the extension part 2 extends along the horizontal line, which is conducive to the mounting structure 3 being at the same horizontal height, thereby facilitating the mounting operation of the battery 30.
  • the upper edge of the extension part 2 tends to decrease in the direction away from the main body 1, so that the height of the end of the extension part 2 connected to the main body 1 is relatively large, while the height of the end of the extension part 2 away from the main body 1 is relatively large.
  • a second weight-reducing structure 21 and/or a second reinforcing structure 22 is disposed on the extension portion 2 .
  • the second weight-reducing structure 21 may include but is not limited to a weight-reducing hole, a weight-reducing groove, or a thinning process.
  • the second reinforcement structure 22 may include but is not limited to reinforcement ribs, strip reinforcement protrusions, or local thickening of the extension part 2, and when the first reinforcement structure 614 is set as reinforcement ribs, the structural form of the reinforcement ribs is not limited, for example, it can be a straight line, a curve, or a cross shape, etc.
  • the weight of the extension part 2 increases due to the provision of the second reinforcing structure 22, and the weight can be reduced by providing the second weight-reducing structure 21. In this way, both the reliability and lightness of the extension part 2 can be taken into account.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a frame assembly 100, including: a vehicle beam 20 and a battery mounting frame 10 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the vehicle beam 20 includes two longitudinal beams 201 extending along a first direction X and spaced apart along a second direction Y, the frame body 10a is installed to the vehicle beam 20, and the docking structure 6 is located between the two longitudinal beams 201.
  • the vehicle beam 20 may include two longitudinal beams 201 extending along the length direction of the vehicle and at least one cross beam 202 extending along the width direction of the vehicle.
  • the two longitudinal beams 201 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle, and the cross beam 202 is connected between the two longitudinal beams 201. Since the vehicle beam 20 includes two longitudinal beams 201 extending along the first direction X and arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, the second direction Y can be set to be orthogonal to the first direction X.
  • the docking structure 6 is located between the two longitudinal beams 201, and the two longitudinal beams 201 can be used to protect the docking structure 6 to a certain extent, thereby reducing damage to the docking structure 6, which is conducive to extending the service life of the docking structure 6, and making the docking structure 6 fully utilize the space between the two longitudinal beams 201 to improve space utilization, and facilitate reducing the volume of the battery mounting frame 10, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery 30.
  • the portion of the docking structure 6 located between the two longitudinal beams 201 can obtain the protection of the two longitudinal beams 201 to reduce the probability of the docking structure 6 being damaged by collision, improve the problem of the docking structure 6 being corroded and failed by mud and water, improve the reliability and stability of the docking, and reduce the risk of electrical failure of the docking structure 6 caused by mud and splashing water erosion.
  • the docking structure 6 does not need to occupy space outside the vehicle beam 20, and will not interfere with the cooperation of the battery mounting frame 10 with the vehicle beam 20 and the battery 30.
  • the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is higher than the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam 201 and is arranged downward.
  • the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is higher than the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam 201, the docking interface of the docking structure 6
  • the height from the ground is large, which can provide better protection, and the height setting of the docking interface of the docking structure 6 is conducive to saving space, so as to increase the height of the battery 30 so that at least part of the battery 30 can be inserted between the two longitudinal beams 201, improve the compactness of the battery mounting frame 10 and the battery 30, make full use of the space, and increase the size and dimensional energy density of the battery.
  • the battery 30 can be docked with the docking structure 6 while being mounted from bottom to top, thereby improving the efficiency of battery replacement.
  • the docking direction of the battery 30 when docking with the vehicle 1000 is arranged along the height direction of the vehicle 1000, and because the battery 30 is mounted on the vehicle 1000, the battery replacement movement direction of the battery 30 is also arranged along the height direction of the vehicle 1000, so that the docking direction of the battery 30 can coincide with the battery replacement movement direction, and there is no need to set up additional docking space in the length or width direction of the vehicle 1000 to improve space utilization, and the battery 30 can be mounted and docked in the same direction, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 1000, including a battery 30 and a frame assembly 100 of any of the above embodiments, wherein the battery 30 is mounted on a mounting structure 3 and docked with a docking structure 6. It is worth noting that the sum of the other parts of the vehicle 1000 except the battery 30 and the battery mounting frame 10 can be understood as a vehicle body 101, and the vehicle beam 20 is a part of the vehicle body 101.
  • the battery 30 can be mounted by utilizing the mounting structure 3, and the battery 30 is connected to the vehicle body 101 through the docking structure 6 to form a circuit and/or fluid circuit to meet the docking requirements of the circuit and/or fluid circuit of the battery 30 and the vehicle body 101, thereby simplifying the structural design of the docking point between the vehicle body 101 and the battery 30, wherein the mounting structure 3 and the docking structure 6 are integrated into the frame body 10a so that the positions of the two are consistent with the reference datum, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency and battery replacement success rate of the battery 30.
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified structural diagram of a battery 30 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 30 includes two battery side portions 30a and a battery central portion 30b.
  • the two battery side portions 30a are respectively located on both sides of the battery central portion 30b, and the top surface of the battery central portion 30b is lower than the top surface of the battery side portions 30a, so as to form a clearance groove 30c that runs through the length direction of the vehicle beam 20 and has an open top between the two battery side portions 30a and the battery central portion 30b for avoiding the vehicle beam 20.
  • the battery side portions 30a are detachably connected to the mounting structure 3, and the top of the battery central portion 30b has a docking portion 30d that docks with the docking structure 6.
  • a clearance groove 30c is formed between the two battery side portions 30a and the battery center portion 30b.
  • the clearance groove 30c can be used to avoid the vehicle beam 20 to avoid interference between the battery 30 and the vehicle beam 20, and the battery 30 is fully utilized to set the battery 30 on both sides of the width of the vehicle beam 20, so that the overall size of the battery 30 can be increased to improve the size energy density of the battery 30.
  • the battery side portion 30a is detachably connected to the mounting structure 3, and the top of the battery center portion 30b has a docking portion 30d.
  • the docking structure 6 and the mounting structure 3 can also be dispersed, thereby avoiding the concentration of the connection positions, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of assembly and facilitating the satisfaction of mounting and docking requirements.
  • the structure 3 is connected, the mounting reliability and stability of the battery 30 can be improved.
  • the docking part 30d is arranged at the top of the central part 30b of the battery, so that when the battery 30 moves from bottom to top along the height direction of the vehicle 1000, the docking part 30d of the battery 30 can be easily docked with the docking structure 6 between the two longitudinal beams 201, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of battery replacement operation, improve the battery replacement efficiency, and save the space required for battery replacement operation.
  • the extension portions 2 are provided on both sides of the width direction of the vehicle beam 20 (the second direction Y shown in FIG. 3 ) and the battery 30 is installed on the vehicle beam 20
  • at least a portion of the vehicle beam 20 is located in the clearance groove 30 c and above the battery central portion 30 b
  • the two battery side portions 30 a can be respectively mounted in the battery mounting spaces 4 on both sides of the width direction of the vehicle beam 20 , so that the space in the width direction of the vehicle beam 20 can be fully utilized to arrange a battery 30 of a larger size.
  • the battery 30 can be docked with the docking structure 6 while being mounted on the mounting structure 3 from bottom to top.
  • the docking space when the battery 30 is docked with the vehicle 1000 is arranged along the height direction of the vehicle 1000, and because the battery 30 is mounted on the vehicle 1000, the battery replacement moving space of the battery 30 is also arranged along the height direction of the vehicle 1000, so that the docking direction of the battery 30 can coincide with the battery replacement moving direction, and there is no need to set up an additional docking space in the length or width direction of the vehicle 1000, so as to improve space utilization, and the battery 30 battery replacement and battery 30 docking can be carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency.
  • connection method between the battery side portion 30a and the mounting structure 3 includes but is not limited to: bolt connection, or snap connection, or plug connection, or magnetic attraction, etc.
  • the battery side portion 30a can be connected to the mounting structure 3 at the upper part, the middle part, or the lower part.
  • the upper end of the battery side portion 30a can be set higher than the bottom surface of the vehicle beam 20
  • the lower end of the battery side portion 30a can be set lower than the bottom surface of the vehicle beam 20, so that the space on both sides of the width of the vehicle beam 20 can be fully utilized.
  • battery swapping has become an important way for commercial electric vehicles to supplement energy in some application scenarios such as logistics, docks, and mines, and the pace of battery swapping station construction has also begun to accelerate.
  • battery swapping facilities such as battery swapping stations and charging equipment can be fully utilized to reduce resource waste.
  • This application proposes some embodiments of chassis-type battery replacement to improve the compatibility and interchangeability of battery replacement.
  • the following embodiments are not limited to pure electric vehicles, and other forms of battery replacement vehicles can be used for reference.
  • the operating voltage range of the battery replacement system is: 400V ⁇ 750V.
  • the flatness of the battery swap contact surface of the battery swap system is ⁇ 4mm.
  • the contact interface between the battery swap system and the battery mounting frame should be a plane without convex structures, and the flatness should be less than 4mm.
  • the dimensional tolerance of the battery replacement system is within ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the weight M1 of the vehicle and the battery charge Q in the battery swap system satisfy: 0kg ⁇ M1 ⁇ 1400kg, 100kWh ⁇ Q ⁇ 200kWh; or 1400kg ⁇ M1 ⁇ 2800kg, 200kWh ⁇ Q ⁇ 400kWh; or 2800kg ⁇ M1 ⁇ 4200kg, 400kWh ⁇ Q ⁇ 600kWh; or 4200kg ⁇ M1 ⁇ 5600kg, 600kWh ⁇ Q ⁇ 800kWh.
  • the battery replacement system should be replaced on the vehicle corresponding to the envelope space.
  • the battery sizes in the battery swap system are shown in Figures 11 and 12.
  • a safety gap L0 is reserved between the front and rear end faces of the battery replacement system and the entire vehicle, and L0 ⁇ 50 mm.
  • the dimension L of the battery replacement system along the vehicle length direction satisfies: 700mm ⁇ L ⁇ 900mm; or 1500mm ⁇ L ⁇ 1700mm; or 2300mm ⁇ L ⁇ 2500mm; or 3100mm ⁇ L ⁇ 3300mm.
  • the dimension W of the battery replacement system along the vehicle width direction satisfies: 2300mm ⁇ W ⁇ 2550mm.
  • the total height H of the battery replacement system satisfies: H ⁇ 680mm.
  • the length dimension L1 of the upper boss of the battery replacement system (such as the upper part of the battery) satisfies: 600mm ⁇ L1 ⁇ 700mm.
  • the width dimension W1 of the bosses on both sides of the upper layer of the battery replacement system (such as the upper part of the battery on the battery side 30a) satisfies: W1 ⁇ 805mm.
  • the width dimension W2 of the upper middle boss of the battery replacement system (such as the upper part of the battery in the central part 30a of the battery) satisfies: W2 ⁇ 640mm.
  • the height dimension H1 of the bosses on both sides of the upper layer of the battery replacement system (such as the upper part of the battery on the battery side 30a) satisfies: H1 ⁇ 300mm.
  • the height dimension H2 of the upper middle boss of the battery replacement system (such as the upper part of the battery in the central part 30a of the battery) satisfies: H2 ⁇ 150mm.
  • the application scenarios of heavy-duty electric vehicles mainly include trunk logistics, medium and short-distance operations (such as urban waste transportation), and closed operation scenarios (such as ports).
  • the power demand can be roughly divided into three types: 400-600kWh, 300-400kWh, and 150-200kWh. Based on this power series, it can be seen that the standard package solution can be flexibly matched to suit different scenarios. For example, if the power of the standard battery swap system is around 150-200kWh, three standard battery swap battery systems (referred to as three packages), or two standard battery swap battery systems (referred to as double packages), or a single standard battery swap battery system (referred to as single package) can be used to meet the power demand.
  • three packages three standard battery swap battery systems
  • two standard battery swap battery systems referred to as double packages
  • single standard battery swap battery system referred to as single package
  • the main models of heavy-duty electric trucks are: 6*4 tractor, 4*2 tractor, 8*4 dump truck, 6*4 dump truck, 4*2 truck, 6*4 truck.
  • the 6*4 tractor and 8*4 dump truck have relatively short wheelbases, and other models are compatible.
  • 6*4 tractor the wheelbase of traditional oil trucks is 3300mm, which is an ideal wheelbase, but it is impossible to arrange a large amount of electricity at this stage.
  • the current wheelbase is extended to 3800mm, and this space cannot accommodate the target amount of electricity.
  • the client is encouraged to extend the wheelbase to 4200mm, and the battery space is decomposed based on this wheelbase.
  • 8*4 dump trucks some are used in cities, and some are used in mining areas.
  • the wheelbase of 8*4 dump trucks in mining areas is longer to ensure the transportation volume.
  • the wheelbase has been enlarged, and this space can accommodate the target amount of electricity.
  • the wheelbase of traditional fuel vehicles in urban 8*4 dump trucks is 2500-2600mm, and this space is also It is impossible to arrange the target power.
  • the wheelbase is extended to 3200-3300mm. Chassis battery swapping can be based on this to extend the wheelbase and decompose the battery space.
  • the space limiting factors at the front end of the battery include: leaf springs and their brackets. Considering the heavy load, the industry generally has a space of about 1600 to 1800 mm (900 mm on one side).
  • the space limiting factors at the rear end of the battery include: fenders, which are about 700 mm away from the center of the wheel.
  • a 50 mm safety gap is reserved at the front and rear ends of the battery.
  • the length envelope size of each battery swap system is approximately: 700 to 820 mm.
  • the width envelope of the battery swap system it is sufficient to consider not exceeding the vehicle width required by regulations.
  • the width of a heavy-duty electric vehicle is 2550mm.
  • the height envelope dimensions of the battery swap system When designing the height envelope dimensions of the battery swap system, it is considered that a 20mm gap is maintained between the upper end of the battery swap system and the upper wing surface of the vehicle beam, and a ground clearance of 300mm or more or 400mm is maintained between the bottom of the battery swap system and the ground.
  • the height of the upper wing surface of the vehicle beam from the ground is generally 1000-1100mm. Therefore, the height envelope dimensions of the battery swap system are approximately 580-780mm.
  • the present application also proposes some embodiments of the battery mounting bracket 10.
  • the length of the battery mounting space 4 is Y1 and satisfies: 620 mm ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 720 mm.
  • the width of the battery mounting space 4 is N1 and satisfies: 690 mm ⁇ N1 ⁇ 815 mm.
  • the minimum width between the two second main body walls 12 is N2, and satisfies: 660 mm ⁇ N2 ⁇ 680 mm.
  • the total width of the battery mounting bracket 10 is P
  • the total length of the battery mounting bracket 10 is R

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池安装架,包括:架本体(10a)、挂载结构(3)和对接结构(6),架本体(10a)适于安装至车体(101),挂载结构(3)集成在架本体(10a)上,且用于挂载电池(30),对接结构(6)也集成在架本体(10a)上,且用于连接车体(101)以及对接电池(30),以使电池(30)与车体(101)构成电路和/或液路连通。还包括一种车架组件和一种车辆。

Description

电池安装架、车架组件和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202310799478.4、申请日为2023年06月30日的中国专利申请提出,并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权,上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域,具体涉及一种电池安装架、车架组件和车辆。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键,电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言,电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。车辆在进行电池的换电操作时,不但需要进行电池的拆换安装,还需要进行电池与车辆的电线及管路连接,换电效率较低。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题,本申请提供一种电池安装架、车架组件和车辆,能够提高换电效率以及换电成功率。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种电池安装架,包括:架本体、对接结构和挂载结构,架本体适于安装至车体,挂载结构集成在架本体上,且用于挂载电池,对接结构也集成在架本体上,且用于连接车体以及对接电池,以使电池与车体构成电路和/或液路连通。
本申请实施例的技术方案中,通过将挂载结构和对接结构均集成在架本体上,在使用这样的电池安装架将电池安装于车体时,可以通过架本体上所集成的挂载结构实现电池的挂载安装,并通过架本体上所集成的对接结构实现电池与车体之间的电路和/或液路连通,从而无需连接电线和管路,简化了繁琐的换电操作,提高了换电效率。且由于挂载结构和对接结构均集成于架本体上,以使电池的挂载连接位置与水电对接位置的参照基准一致,即参照基准均为架本体,从而可以提高换电成功率。
在一些实施例中,架本体包括:主体部和延伸部,主体部适于安装至车体,对接结构设于主体部,延伸部的一端与主体部相连,另一端朝向远离主体部的方向延伸,挂载结构设于延伸部。
在上述技术方案中,由于架本体包括主体部和延伸部,且延伸部的一端与主体部相连且 另一端朝向远离主体部的方向延伸,使得对接结构和挂载结构分别设置在主体部和延伸部,即对接结构和挂载结构分别设置在架本体的不同位置处,以避免挂载结构和对接结构互相干涉,有利于降低对接结构和挂载结构与电池30的配合难度。
在一些实施例中,主体部包括车梁避让槽,车梁避让槽具有沿第一方向贯通的开口,对接结构位于车梁避让槽内。
在上述技术方案中,通过在主体部上设置车梁避让槽,以在主体部与车体相连时,车梁的至少部分能够伸至车梁避让槽内,以使主体部和车体的连接更加紧凑,且通过将对接结构设置于车梁避让槽内,一方面,能够充分利用车梁避让槽内的空间,以提高空间利用率,且便于减小对接结构对电池安装架其他位置的空间占用,另一方面,对接结构能够获得车梁避让槽的内壁的保护,以降低对接结构被磕碰损坏的概率,改善对接结构被泥水等所腐蚀失效的问题。
在一些实施例中,主体部包括沿第一方向间隔设置的多个第一主体壁,相邻的两个第一主体壁之间形成避让开口,对接结构的对接接口高于第一主体壁且对应避让开口设置。
在上述技术方案中,由于对接结构的对接接口高于第一主体壁,使得对接结构的对接接口的离地高度较大,可以获得更好的保护,而且对接结构的对接接口的高度设置有利于节省出空间,以增大电池的高度尺寸,提高电池安装架与电池的配合紧凑性,充分利用空间,增大电池的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,通过设置避让开口,在电池挂载于电池安装架上时,使得电池的局部可向上伸入避让开口,并与对接结构的对接接口对接,从而满足对接要求。
在一些实施例中,对接结构包括承载架和对接装置,承载架包括承载部和支腿部,对接装置设于承载部,支腿部由承载部在第一方向上的两端朝向第一主体壁延伸,且连接于第一主体壁。
在上述技术方案中,通过将对接装置设置在承载部上,以及设置支腿部由承载部在第一方向X上的两端朝向第一主体部延伸且与第一主体壁相连,这样,使得承载部能够与第一主体壁间隔开,从而承载架可以构造为能够向上避让电池的形状,且便于增大对接装置的设置高度,以节省出空间增大电池的高度尺寸。并且,当第一方向X为车辆的长度方向时,将两个支腿部设置于承载部在第一方向X上的两侧,可以仅占用电池在车辆的长度方向上的空间,该方向上的空间较为充足,可以降低对电池在车辆的宽度方向上的空间的占用,有利于提高电池在车辆的宽度方向上的尺寸和能量密度。
在一些实施例中,承载部上具有第一减重结构,和/或,支腿部与承载部的连接处设有第一加强结构。
在上述技术方案中,通过在承载部上设置第一减重结构,以便于降低承载部的重量,进 而降低对接结构的重量,以实现对接结构的轻量化设计。和/或通过在承载部与支腿部的连接处设置第一加强结构,以便于增强承载部和支腿部的连接处的结构强度,减少支腿部和承载部的连接处出现断裂的可能性。
在一些实施例中,承载架为一体成型件且与第一主体壁装配连接。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置承载架为一体成型件,以便于降低承载架的设置难度,且利于保证承载架的整体的结构强度,且承载架与第一主体壁装配连接,以便于降低承载架与第一主体壁的装卸难度,提高电池安装架的生产效率。
在一些实施例中,避让开口为沿第一方向间隔设置的多个,每个避让开口分别对应设有对接结构。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置多个避让开口,以在电池安装架上挂载多个电池时,可通过多个对接结构分别实现多个电池与车体的电路和/或液路的对接需求,即每个电池均可通过对应的对接结构的对接实现与车体的电路和/或液路的连通需求,从而车辆可通过相应的对接结构与各电池分别实现单独连通,有利于各电池分别单独供电工作或者分别被车体单独控制。
在一些实施例中,主体部包括沿第一方向延伸的第二主体壁,第二主体壁为两个且沿与第一方向相交的第二方向间隔设置,两个第二主体壁连接在各第一主体壁在第二方向上的两端,以在第一主体壁和第二主体壁之间形成顶部敞开的车梁避让槽,延伸部连接至第二主体壁且在第二方向上位于第二主体壁的远离第一主体壁的一侧。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置第二主体壁,使得多个第一主体壁和第二主体壁能够连接为整体结构,从而便于降低主体部的设置和成型难度,且利于限定出车梁避让槽的延伸方向,使得其沿第一方向延伸,并且,由于车梁避让槽的顶部敞开,可以自下而上将主体部向上推动,使得车梁进入车梁避让槽,从而有利于降低电池安装架向车体的装配难度,对于已经完成装配的车体可以后续再安装电池安装架,使得电池安装架可以适用于多种车型使用。而且,将延伸部连接于第二主体壁在第二方向上的远离第一主体壁的一侧,可以在避免延伸部与车梁干涉的同时增大延伸部在第二方向上所占长度,从而有利于在第二方向上扩大电池挂载空间。而且便于延伸部与主体部的连接。
在一些实施例中,主体部的一侧设有沿第一方向间隔排列的多个延伸部,相邻的两个延伸部之间限定出电池挂载空间。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置主体部的一侧设有沿第一方向间隔排列的多个延伸部,电池挂载空间限定在沿第一方向相邻的两个延伸部之间,可利用延伸部可以起到保护电池的作用。当将第一方向设置为车辆的长度方向,同时将挂载结构设置于延伸部上,此时,挂载结构和延伸部均不会占用电池在车辆宽度方向上的空间,从而可以增大电池挂载空间在 车辆的宽度方向上的尺寸,提升电池在车辆的宽度方向上的尺寸,有利于提高电池的尺寸能量密度。而且,将第一方向设置为车辆的长度方向,由于车辆的长度空间相对较大,还有利于增大电池挂载空间在车辆的长度方向上的尺寸或数量,从而有利于进一步提升电池的尺寸能量密度或数量。
在一些实施例中,主体部的一侧设有沿第一方向间隔设置的多个电池挂载空间,对接结构为多个且沿第一方向间隔设置,且多个对接结构与多个电池挂载空间沿与第一方向相交的第二方向相对设置。
在上述技术方案中,通过在主体部的一侧设置沿第一方向间隔设置的多个电池挂载空间,以使电池安装架能够在第一方向上具备挂载多个电池的功能,即实现多包挂载功能,从而有利于实现灵活换电,且对接结构沿第二方向与电池挂载空间相对设置,对接结构的分布方向不占用电池挂载空间在第一方向上的空间,即对接结构在实现与电池对接的同时,不会占用多个电池挂载空间排列方向上的空间,利于增多沿第一方向排列的电池挂载空间的数量或尺寸,提高空间利用率,使得电池安装架能够挂载更多数量或者更大的电池。
在一些实施例中,延伸部的朝向电池挂载空间的一侧布置挂载结构。
在上述技术方案中,通过在延伸部的朝向电池挂载空间的一侧布置挂载结构,因此,挂载结构朝向哪个电池挂载空间就与哪个电池挂载空间对应,用于将电池挂载于该挂载结构所朝向的电池挂载空间,从而可以明确挂载结构与电池挂载空间的对应关系,将电池伸入电池挂载空间可以与朝向该电池挂载空间的挂载结构连接,从而可以很方便地实现电池的挂载。而且,当电池挂载空间为多个时,与不同电池挂载空间对应的挂载结构所设置的位置不同、相互之间不会发生干涉,使得对应每个电池挂载空间的挂载结构均可以具有较为充分的空间灵活设置,以使得挂载结构能够更容易且更可靠地挂载电池。
在一些实施例中,沿第一方向排列的多个延伸部中位于中间的至少一个延伸部为共用延伸部,共用延伸部在第一方向上的两侧分别具有电池挂载空间,且共用延伸部的朝向两侧的电池挂载空间的两侧分别布置挂载结构。
在上述技术方案中,当沿主体部的延伸方向间隔排列的电池挂载空间的数量固定时,可以减少沿主体部的延伸方向间隔排列的延伸部的数量,从而有利于降低成本,降低车辆的载荷。此外,由于共用延伸部的朝向两侧的电池挂载空间的两侧分别布置挂载结构,以使得在第一方向上相邻的两个电池挂载空间内的电池可分别挂载于共用延伸部的两侧的挂载结构,以使得电池的挂载更加紧凑,且利于降低挂载结构的设置难度。
在一些实施例中,共用延伸部两侧的挂载结构在垂直于第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置共用延伸部两侧的挂载结构在垂直于第一方向的投影面上 的正投影错位,以利于共用延伸部的受力分布更加合理,当共用延伸部两侧的电池挂载空间内的电池分别与共用延伸部两侧的挂载结构相连时,能够减少应力集中而导致共用延伸部出现变形、断裂等问题,提高共用延伸部的使用寿命,从而提升电池的挂载可靠性。
在一些实施例中,电池挂载空间在第一方向上的两侧的延伸部上均设有挂载结构。
在上述技术方案中,电池挂载空间在第一方向上的两侧的延伸部均可以起到承载该电池挂载空间内的电池的作用,两侧的挂载结构可以分散受力,以减少应力集中而导致延伸部出现变形、断裂等问题,提高共用延伸部的使用寿命,从而提升电池的挂载可靠性。
在一些实施例中,电池挂载空间两侧的挂载结构在垂直于第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位。
在上述技术方案中,通过将电池挂载空间两侧的挂载结构设置为在第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位,进一步有利于两侧的挂载结构分散受力,进一步改善应力集中而导致延伸部出现变形、断裂等问题。此外,当共用延伸部在第一方向上两侧的挂载结构,在垂直于第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位,且电池挂载空间在第一方向上的两侧的挂载结构,在垂直于第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位时,可以将多个延伸部均构造为相同的结构,以利于简化结构,便于加工,降低成本,且便于提高装配效率。
在一些实施例中,延伸部的朝向电池挂载空间的一侧设有多个挂载结构,且其中至少两个挂载结构沿延伸部的长度方向间隔布置。
在上述技术方案中,有利于充分利用延伸部的长度方向上的空间,布置更多数量的挂载结构,从而利于增强电池的挂载稳定性,或者有利于增多电池挂载空间内所挂载的电池的数量。
在一些实施例中,延伸部包括朝电池挂载空间内凸出的挂载边沿,挂载结构位于挂载边沿上。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置挂载边沿,以利于降低挂载结构的设置难度,很容易地实现挂载结构位于延伸部的朝向电池挂载空间的一侧,而且,使得挂载边沿能够对电池起到一定的直接或间接的支撑作用,以增强电池的挂载稳定性。
在一些实施例中,挂载边沿位于延伸部的高度方向上的下边缘。
在上述技术方案中,使得挂载结构的设置位置高度较低,以利于降低挂载结构的维修难度,并且有利于挂载结构与电池的装载连接,并提高电池与延伸部的配合紧凑性,降低空间浪费,以利用节省空间进一步增大电池的尺寸,从而进一步提高电池的尺寸能量密度。
在一些实施例中,挂载边沿的长度方向与延伸部的延伸方向相同;其中,挂载边沿上设有沿挂载边沿的长度方向间隔布置的多个挂载结构,或者,挂载边沿上的挂载结构被配置为一个且沿挂载边沿的长度方向延伸。
在上述技术方案中,由于挂载边沿的长度方向与延伸部的延伸方向相同,从而有利于降低挂载边沿的加工难度,使得挂载边沿具有更大的长度尺寸设置更多数量的挂载结构,设置多个挂载结构沿挂载边沿的长度方向间隔,从而利于增强电池的挂载稳定性,或者有利于增多挂载边沿上所挂载的电池的数量。
或者通过在挂载边沿上仅设置一个沿挂载边沿的长度方向延伸的挂载结构,从而有利于降低挂载结构的加工难度,且挂载结构沿挂载边沿的长度方向延伸,即挂载结构的长度方向与挂载边沿的长度方向一致,从而使得挂载结构的长度尺寸更大,具有更大的受力面积,或者具有更多的连接位置,以利于同时与电池上的多个连接结构连接,提高电池的挂载可靠性,或者利于同时挂载多个电池。
在一些实施例中,电池安装架还包括加强部,加强部用于连接位于主体部同侧的至少两个延伸部。
在上述技术方案中,利于增强电池安装架的整体结构强度,降低延伸部受力而导致的变形,提高电池的挂载可靠性。
在一些实施例中,主体部在与第一方向相交的第二方向上的两侧分别布置有延伸部。
在上述技术方案中,可以充分利用第一方向和第二方向的空间,以利用主体部在第二方向Y上的两侧空间分别挂载电池,例如可以分别挂载同一电池位于主体部两侧的两部分,或者分别挂载位于主体部两侧的两个电池,从而能够增加所挂载的电池尺寸,或者增多挂载电池的数量。
在一些实施例中,主体部在第二方向上的两侧延伸部的延伸方向相同,且主体部在第二方向上的两侧延伸部的投影沿延伸方向的正投影重合。
在上述技术方案中,使得第一延伸部和第一延伸部可以同时挂载同一个电池位于车梁宽度方向上的两侧的两部分,这样,电池的尺寸可以做的更大,以减少电池的数量,降低换电复杂度。
在一些实施例中,延伸部的高度沿着远离主体部的方向呈变小趋势。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置延伸部的高度沿着远离主体部的方向呈变小趋势,以使延伸部与主体部相连的端部的高度相对较大,而延伸部远离主体部的端部的高度相对较小,从而可以增强延伸部与主体部的连接强度,提高延伸部对于电池的挂载可靠性,而且可以降低延伸部的重量,降低车辆的载荷。
在一些实施例中,挂载结构位于延伸部的下边缘处,延伸部的下边缘沿水平线延伸,延伸部的上边缘沿着远离主体部的方向呈降低趋势。
在上述技术方案中,通过将挂载结构设置于延伸部的高度方向上的下边缘处,使得挂载结构的高度较低,便于降低电池的挂载难度,且延伸部的下边缘沿水平线延伸,有利于挂 载结构都位于同一水平高度,从而方便电池的挂载操作,同时,延伸部的上边缘沿着远离主体部的方向呈降低趋势,以使延伸部与主体部相连的端部的高度相对较大,而延伸部远离主体部的端部的高度相对较小,从而可以增强延伸部与主体部的连接强度,提高延伸部对于电池的挂载可靠性,而且可以降低延伸部的重量,降低车辆的载荷。
在一些实施例中,延伸部上设置有第二减重结构和/或第二加强结构。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置第二减重结构,以利于降低延伸部的重量,利于实现延伸部的轻量化设计;和/或通过设置第二加强结构,以利于增强延伸部的结构强度,改善延伸部的受力变形问题。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供一种车架组件,包括:车梁,车梁包括沿第一方向延伸且沿第二方向间隔设置的两个纵梁;上述任一项实施例的电池安装架,架本体安装至车梁,对接结构位于两个纵梁之间。
在上述技术方案中,通过将对接结构设在在车梁的两个纵梁之间,能够利用两个纵梁对对接结构起到一定的保护的作用,从而减少对接结构的损坏,利于延长对接结构的使用寿命,且使得对接结构能够充分利用两个纵梁之间的空间,以提高空间利用率,有利于增大电池的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。
在一些实施例中,对接结构的对接接口高于纵梁的底面且向下设置。
在上述技术方案中,由于对接结构的对接接口高于纵梁的底面,使得对接结构的对接接口的离地高度较大,可以获得更好的保护,而且对接结构的对接接口的高度设置有利于节省出空间,以增大电池的高度尺寸以使得电池的至少部分可以伸入两个纵梁之间,提高电池安装架与电池的配合紧凑性,充分利用空间,增大电池的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,通过设置对接接口向下设置,使得电池在由下而上挂载的同时,能够实现电池与对接结构的对接,从而提高换电效率。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供一种车辆,包括电池和上述任一项实施例的车架组件,电池挂载于挂载结构,且对接于对接结构。
在上述技术方案中,通过设置车架组件,以利用挂载结构实现电池的挂载,且通过对接结构使得电池与车体构成电路和/或液路连通,以满足电池与车体的电路和/或液路的对接需求,通过将挂载结构和对接结构均集成于架本体上,以使二者的位置参照基准一致,以利于提高电池的换电效率以及换电成功率。
在一些实施例中,电池包括两个电池侧部和电池中央部,在车梁的宽度方向上,两个电池侧部分别位于电池中央部的两侧,电池中央部的顶面低于电池侧部的顶面,以在两个电池侧部和电池中央部之间形成沿车梁的长度方向贯通且顶部敞开以用于避让车梁的让位槽,电池侧部与挂载结构可拆卸相连,电池中央部的顶部具有与对接结构对接的对接部位。
在上述技术方案中,电池的结构巧妙,通过避让车梁以充分利用车梁的宽度两侧空间,从而使得电池的整体尺寸可以变大,以提高电池的尺寸能量密度。当两侧的电池侧部均与挂载结构连接时,可以提升电池的挂载可靠性和稳定性。对接部位设置于电池中央部的顶部,使得电池在沿车辆的高度方向由下而上运动时,可以很容易实现电池的对接部位与两个纵梁之间的对接结构的对接。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段,而可依照说明书的内容予以实施,并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂,以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中,用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中:
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图;
图2位本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图;
图3为本申请一些实施例的车架组件与电池的装配示意图;
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池安装架的示意图;
图5为图4中A处的放大图;
图6为本申请另一个实施例的电池安装架的局部放大图;
图7为图4中B处的放大图;
图8为本申请一个实施例的电池的示意图;
图9为本申请一些实施例的车辆的示意图;
图10为图9中车辆的仰视图;
图11为图9中E-E处的剖视图;
图12为图9中F-F处的剖视图;
图13为本申请一些实施例的电池安装架的正投影视图;
图14为本申请一些实施例的电池安装架的截面图。
附图标号:车辆1000,车体101,车架组件100,电池安装架10,车梁20,纵梁201,横梁202,电池30,电池侧部30a,电池中央部30b,让位槽30c,对接部位30d,箱体301,第一部分3011,第二部分3012,电池单体302,控制器40,马达50,架本体10a,主体部1,第一方向X,第一主体壁11,第二主体壁12,车梁避让槽13,避让开口14,车梁连接结构15,延伸部2,第二方向Y,延伸部的高度方向Z,共用延伸部2a,第二减重结构21, 第二加强结构22,挂载边沿24,挂载结构3,电池挂载空间4,加强部5,对接结构6,承载架61,承载部611,支腿部612,第一减重结构613,第一加强结构614,对接装置62。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案,因此只作为示例,而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中,术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如X和/或Y,可以表示:单独存在X,同时存在X和Y,单独存在Y这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中,术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个),同理,“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组),“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了利于描述本申请实施例和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
从目前市场形势的发展来看,动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统,而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具,以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大,其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
相关技术中的一些车辆,动力电池安装在车辆的底部,且动力电池需要通过电线及管路实现与车辆的电路连通和液路连通,然而,连接电线和连接管路的操作繁琐,换电效率较低,而且电线和管路悬置存在断开及损坏的风险,影响车辆与动力电池之间电路及液路连通的可靠性。
为此,本申请提出了一种电池安装架,其中,电池安装架包括架本体、挂载结构和对接结构,架本体适于安装至车体,挂载结构集成在架本体上,且用于挂载电池,对接结构也集成在架本体上,且用于连接车体以及对接电池,以使电池与车体构成电路和/或液路连通。
在使用这样的电池安装架将电池安装于车辆时,可以通过架本体上所集成的挂载结构实现电池的挂载安装,并通过架本体上所集成的对接结构实现电池与车体之间的电路和/或液路连通,从而无需连接电线和管路,简化了繁琐的换电操作,提高了换电效率,而且降低或避免了电线和管路悬置所存在断开及损坏的风险,提高了电路和/或液路连通的可靠性。且由于挂载结构和对接结构均集成于架本体上,以使电池的挂载连接位置与水电对接位置的参照基准一致,即参照基准均为架本体,从而可以提高换电成功率。
然而,如果仅将挂载结构设置在架本体上,而将对接结构设置在架本体之外,例如将对接结构设置在与架本体间隔设置的其他安装架上,或者将对接结构设置在车体上,例如设置在车体的车梁上,挂载结构与对接结构的参照基准则不一致,因此挂载结构与对接结构的相对位置精度会存在一些偏差,存在挂载连接失败,或者水电对接失败的隐患,影响换电效率和换电成功率。
简言之,在对电池的换电效率的需求日益增加的背景下,本申请实施例的电池安装架能够提高换电效率以及换电成功率。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以用于使用电池作为电源的用电装置或者使用电池作为储能元件的各种储能系统。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中,电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等,航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以本申请一实施例为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增 程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池30,电池30可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池30可以用于车辆1000的供电,例如,电池30可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器40和马达50,控制器40用来控制电池30为马达50供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中,电池30不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池30的爆炸图。电池30包括箱体301和电池单体302,电池单体302容纳于箱体301内。其中,箱体301用于为电池单体302提供容纳空间,箱体301可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中,参照图2,箱体301可以包括第一部分3011和第二部分3012,第一部分3011与第二部分3012相互盖合,第一部分3011和第二部分3012共同限定出用于容纳电池单体302的容纳空间。第二部分3012可以为一端具有敞开口的空心结构,第一部分3011可以为板状结构,第一部分3011盖合于第二部分3012的敞开口,以使第一部分3011与第二部分3012共同限定出容纳空间;第一部分3011和第二部分3012也可以是均为一侧具有敞开口的空心结构,第一部分3011的敞开口盖合于第二部分3012的敞开口。当然,第一部分3011和第二部分3012形成的箱体301可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池30中可包括电池单体302,电池单体302可以是多个,多个电池单体302之间可串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体302中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体302之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将多个电池单体302构成的整体容纳于箱体301内;当然,电池30也可以是多个电池单体302先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体301内。电池30还可以包括其他结构,例如,该电池30还可以包括汇流排,用于实现多个电池单体302之间的电连接。
本申请中,电池单体302可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体302可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体302一般按封装的方式分成三种:柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
电池单体302包括外壳、电极组件和电解液,外壳用于容纳电极组件和电解液。电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体302主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。隔离膜的材质不限,例如可以为聚丙烯或聚乙烯等。
正极极片一般可以包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层,正极活性物质层直接或间接涂覆于正极集流体上,未涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正 极集流体,未涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,正极活性物质层的材料可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。
负极极片一般可以包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层,负极活性物质层直接或间接涂覆于负极集流体上,未涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体,未涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜,负极活性物质层的材料可以为碳或硅等。
为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断,正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起,负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。电极组件可以是卷绕式结构,也可以是叠片式结构,本申请实施例并不限于此。
如图1、图3和图4所示,本申请实施例提供了一种电池安装架10,用于将电池30安装至车体101。电池安装架10包括:架本体10a、挂载结构3和对接结构6,架本体10a适于安装至车体101。挂载结构3集成在架本体10a上且用于挂载电池30。对接结构6也集成在架本体10a上,且用于连接车体101以及对接电池30,以使电池30与车体101构成电路和/或液路连通。
值得说明的是,本申请实施例的电池安装架10可以用于车辆1000的底盘式换电,底盘式换电(battery swapping under frame)指的是:通过灵活更换安装于整车底盘下方的换电电池系统,实现车辆能源补给的方式。其中,换电电池系统(swappable battery system)指的是:车辆1000在换电过程中,整体更换的动力电池系统(本申请简称电池30)。示例性地,换电电池系统一般包括:动力蓄电池、电池管理系统、换电电气接口、换电冷却接口和换电机械接口等,可在非车载状态下进行充放电。本申请实施例的术语和定义可参考GB/T 19596电动汽车术语。
由此,通过将挂载结构3集成在架本体10a上,以在架本体10a安装于车体101时,通过挂载结构3与电池30的连接实现电池30向架本体10a的挂载,且通过将对接结构6集成于架本体10a上,以使电池30在通过挂载结构3挂载于架本体10a上时,电池30能够与对接结构6对接以构成电路和/或液路连通,对接结构6同时与车体101具有连接关系,也构成电路和/或液路连通,从而可以满足电池30通过与对接结构6的对接实现与车体101的电路和/或液路的连通需求。
其中,挂载结构3的结构不限,例如可以包括但不限于挂载槽、或者挂载孔、或者挂载凸起、或者挂载销、或者挂载螺钉等,在此不做限定。其中,对接结构6与车体101的连接方式也不限,例如可以是通过对接端子采用对接的方式实现连接,或者还可以是通过插接电线和/或管路的方式实现连接。
例如,当对接结构6用于实现电路连通时,可以用于车辆1000与电池30之间的电流传递,实现电池30为车辆1000的供电、车辆1000对电池30的控制等。例如,当对接结构6用于实现液路连通时,可以用于车辆1000的热管理系统与电池30的热传递,从而利用热管理系统对电池30的温度进行调节,以提升电池30的工作可靠性与安全性,或者可以利用热管理系统吸收电池30的余热,满足车辆1000的热泵空调系统的热源需求等,这里不作赘述。由此,通过在电池安装架10上设置对接结构6,可以通过对电池安装架10的结构设计,满足电池30与车体101的电路和/或液路的连通需求,从而可以简化车体101和电池30的结构设计。需要说明的是,对接结构6的设置位置不限,可以根据电池安装架10的形态具体选择。
在一些实施例中,对接结构6可以包括第一对接结构和第二对接结构,第一对接结构用于与电池30上的电路端子对接,第二对接结构用于与电池30上的液路端口对接。其中,第一对接结构和第二对接结构的相对位置不限,例如可以在水平方向上间隔开,例如左右间隔开或者前后间隔开,从而使得第一对接结构和第二对接结构分别进行对接时不相互干扰。当然,上述中的第一对接结构和第二对接结构仅用于对部分对接结构6进行举例说明,并不代表对此的限定。
在使用这样的电池安装架10将电池30安装于车体101时,可以通过架本体10a上所集成的挂载结构3实现电池30的挂载安装,并通过架本体10a上所集成的对接结构6实现电池30与车体101之间的电路和/或液路连通,从而无需连接电线和管路,简化了繁琐的换电操作,提高了换电效率。且由于挂载结构3和对接结构6均集成于架本体10a上,以使电池30的挂载连接位置与水电对接位置的参照基准一致,即参照基准均为架本体10a,从而可以提高换电成功率。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,架本体10a包括:主体部1和延伸部2。
请参照图3和图4,主体部1适于安装至车体101,对接结构6设于主体部1,延伸部2的一端与主体部1相连,另一端朝向远离主体部1的方向延伸,挂载结构3设于延伸部2。
“延伸部2的一端与主体部1相连,另一端朝向远离主体部1的方向延伸”包括延伸部2的一端与主体部1相连且另一端朝向远离主体部1的方向倾斜延伸或垂直延伸等,即延伸部2的具体延伸方向不做限定。
由此,通过将对接结构6设置于主体部1,以在主体部1安装至车体101时,方便车体101与对接结构6的连接,且挂载结构3设于延伸部2,使得对接结构6和挂载结构3分别设置在架本体10a的不同位置处,以防止挂载结构3和对接结构6互相干涉,有利于降低对接结构6和挂载结构3与电池30的配合难度。
此外,当延伸部2沿车体101的宽度方向(例如图4中所示的第二方向Y)延伸时,延 伸部2可以位于电池30在车体101的长度方向(例如图4中所示的第一方向X)上的一侧,由于车体101的长度尺寸相对宽度尺寸较为充足,从而将延伸部2和设置在延伸部2上的挂载结构3设置为均占用电池30在车体101的长度方向上的空间,可以有利于降低对电池30在车体101的宽度方向上的空间占用,从而有利于增大电池30在车体101的宽度方向上的尺寸,提升电池30的尺寸能量密度。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,主体部1包括车梁避让槽13,车梁避让槽13具有沿第一方向X贯通的开口,对接结构6位于车梁避让槽13内。例如,可以将第一方向X设置为与车体101的车梁20的长度方向一致。在本申请的实施例中,车体101的长度方向、车辆1000的长度方向、车梁20的长度方向均一致,车体101的宽度方向、车辆1000的宽度方向、车梁20的宽度方向均一致。
由此,通过在主体部1上设置车梁避让槽13,以在主体部1与车体101相连时,车梁20的至少部分能够伸至车梁避让槽13内,车梁20的延伸方向与开口的贯通方向相同,避免电池安装架10与车梁20干涉,提高电池安装架10与车梁20的配合紧凑性,有利于利用车梁20附近的空间设置电池30,从而利于增大电池30的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,通过将对接结构6设置于车梁避让槽13内,能够充分利用车梁避让槽13内的空间,以提高空间利用率,且便于减小对接结构6对电池安装架10其他位置的空间占用,从而提高电池30的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,对接结构6能够获得车梁避让槽13的内壁的保护,以降低对接结构6被磕碰损坏的概率,改善对接结构6被泥水等所腐蚀失效的问题,提高对接的可靠性和稳定性,降低了对接结构6因泥浆和溅水侵蚀而导致的电气故障的风险。而且,对接结构6无需占用车梁20以外的空间,不会干涉电池安装架10与车梁20或电池30的连接,同时,有利于拉近车体101与对接结构6之间的距离,以降低车体101与对接结构6的连接难度。
示例性地,可以在主体部1上设置车梁连接结构15,以实现主体部1与车梁20的连接。这样,由于主体部1通过车梁避让槽13与车梁20配合,从而主体部1和延伸部2均可以具有靠近车梁20的部位,这样,通过设置车梁连接结构15连接至车梁20,可以便于实现电池安装架10安装至车梁20。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,主体部1包括沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个第一主体壁11,相邻的两个第一主体壁11之间形成避让开口14,对接结构6的对接接口(如电路的接口和/或液路的接口)高于第一主体壁11且对应避让开口14设置。这里,将车体101的高度方向定义为上下方向,车体101的高度方向与车辆1000的高度方向一致,均为重力方向上的上下。
由此,由于对接结构6的对接接口高于第一主体壁11,使得对接结构6的对接接口的 离地高度较大,可以获得更好的保护,而且对接结构6的对接接口的高度设置有利于节省出空间,以增大电池30的高度尺寸,提高电池安装架10与电池30的配合紧凑性,充分利用空间,增大电池30的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,通过设置避让开口14,在电池30挂载于电池安装架10上时,使得电池30的局部可向上伸入避让开口14,并与对接结构6的对接接口对接,从而满足对接要求。
在一些实施例中,请参照图7,对接结构6包括承载架61和对接装置62,承载架61包括承载部611和支腿部612,对接装置62设于承载部611,支腿部612由承载部611在第一方向X上的两端朝向第一主体壁11延伸,且连接于第一主体壁11。
在上述技术方案中,通过将对接装置62设置在承载部611上,以及设置支腿部612由承载部611在第一方向X上的两端朝向第一主体部1延伸且与第一主体壁11相连,这样,使得承载部611能够与第一主体壁11间隔开,从而承载架61可以构造为能够向上避让电池30的形状,且便于增大对接装置62的设置高度,以节省出空间增大电池30的高度尺寸。并且,当第一方向X为车辆1000的长度方向时,将两个支腿部612设置于承载部611在第一方向X上的两侧,可以仅占用电池30在车辆1000的长度方向上的空间,该方向上的空间较为充足,可以降低对电池30在车辆1000的宽度方向上的空间的占用,有利于提高电池30在车辆1000的宽度方向上的尺寸和能量密度。
在一些实施例中,请参照图7,承载部611上具有第一减重结构613,和/或,支腿部612与承载部611的连接处设有第一加强结构614。
由此,通过在承载部611上设置第一减重结构613,以便于降低承载部611的重量,进而降低对接结构6的重量,以实现对接结构6的轻量化设计。其中,第一减重结构613可以包括但不限于减重孔、或者减重槽、或者减薄处理等。
由此,通过在承载部611与支腿部612的连接处设置第一加强结构614,以便于增强承载部611和支腿部612的连接处的结构强度,减少支腿部612和承载部611的连接处出现断裂的可能性,从而有利于减小承载部611与支腿部612的厚度,以实现对接结构6的轻量化设计。其中,第一加强结构614可以包括但不限于加强筋、条状加强凸起、或延伸部2的局部做厚处理等,且当第一加强结构614设置为加强筋时,加强筋的结构形态不限,例如可以为直线形、或者曲线形、或者交叉形等等。
在一些实施例中,请参照图7,承载架61为一体成型件且与第一主体壁11装配连接。
由此,通过设置承载架61为一体成型件,以便于降低承载架61的设置难度,且利于保证承载架61的整体的结构强度,且承载架61与第一主体壁11装配连接,以便于降低承载架61与第一主体壁11的装配难度,提高电池安装架10的生产效率。
此外,承载架61也可以并非为一体成型件,例如还可以为承载部611和支腿部612装 配连接。
其中,“装配连接”包括但不限于焊接相连、或者通过螺栓相连、或者卡接、或者插接等。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,避让开口14为沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个,每个避让开口14分别对应设有对接结构6。
由此,通过设置多个避让开口14,以在电池安装架10上挂载多个电池30时,可通过多个对接结构6分别实现多个电池30与车体101的电路和/或液路的连通需求,即每个电池30均可通过对应的对接结构6的对接实现与车体101的电路和/或液路的连通需求,从而车辆1000可通过相应的对接结构6与各电池30分别实现单独连通,有利于各电池30分别单独供电工作或者分别被车体101单独控制。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4和图7,主体部1包括沿第一方向X延伸的第二主体壁12,第二主体壁12为两个且沿第二方向Y间隔设置,第二方向Y与第一方向X相交(如呈锐角、或钝角、或直角相交),两个第二主体壁12连接在各第一主体壁11在第二方向Y上的两端,以在第一主体壁11和第二主体壁12之间形成顶部敞开的车梁避让槽13,延伸部2连接至第二主体壁12。
由此,通过设置第二主体壁12,使得多个第一主体壁11和第二主体壁12能够连接为整体结构,从而便于降低主体部1的设置和成型难度,且利于限定出车梁避让槽13的延伸方向,使得其沿第一方向X延伸,并且,由于车梁避让槽13的顶部敞开,可以自下而上将主体部1向上推动,使得车梁20进入车梁避让槽13,从而有利于降低电池安装架10向车体101的装配难度,对于已经完成装配的车体101可以后续再安装电池安装架10,使得电池安装架10可以适用于多种车型使用。本申请不限于此,例如,在本申请的其他实施例中,还可以将车梁避让槽13设置为底部敞开,此时,可以在装配车体101的过程中同时进行电池安装架10与车体101的装配。
请参照图4和图5,延伸部2连接于第二主体壁12在第二方向Y上的远离第一主体壁11的一侧,可以在避免延伸部2与车梁20干涉的同时增大延伸部2在第二方向Y上所占长度,从而有利于在第二方向Y上扩大电池挂载空间4。而且便于延伸部2与主体部1的连接。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,主体部1的一侧设有沿第一方向X间隔排列的多个延伸部2,相邻的两个延伸部2之间限定出电池挂载空间4。
由此,通过设置主体部1的一侧设有沿第一方向X间隔排列的多个延伸部2,电池挂载空间4限定在沿第一方向X相邻的两个延伸部2之间,可利用延伸部2起到保护电池30的作用。
此外,当将第一方向X设置为车辆1000的长度方向,同时将挂载结构3设置于延伸部 2上,此时,挂载结构3和延伸部2均不会占用电池30在车辆1000宽度方向上的空间,从而可以增大电池挂载空间4在车辆1000的宽度方向上的尺寸,提升电池30在车辆1000的宽度方向上的尺寸,有利于提高电池30的尺寸能量密度。而且,将第一方向X设置为车辆1000的长度方向,由于车辆1000的长度空间相对较大,还有利于增大电池挂载空间4在车辆1000的长度方向上的尺寸或数量,从而有利于进一步提升电池30的尺寸能量密度或数量。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,主体部1的一侧设有沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个电池挂载空间4。
在上述技术方案中,通过在主体部1的一侧设置沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个电池挂载空间4,以使电池安装架10能够在第一方向X上具备挂载多个电池30的功能,即实现多包挂载功能,从而有利于实现灵活换电。而且通过设置延伸部2限定出电池挂载空间4,可以改善沿第一方向X相邻的两个电池挂载空间4的电池30相互磕碰以及传热等问题。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,当主体部1的一侧设有沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个电池挂载空间4时,可以将对接结构6设置为多个且沿第一方向X间隔设置,且多个对接结构6与多个电池挂载空间4沿第二方向Y相对设置,第二方向Y与第一方向X相交(例如呈锐角、或钝角、或直角)。
由此,对接结构6的分布方向不占用电池挂载空间4在第一方向X上的空间,即对接结构6在实现与电池30对接的同时,不会占用多个电池挂载空间4排列方向上的空间,利于增多沿第一方向X排列的电池挂载空间4的数量或尺寸,提高空间利用率,使得电池安装架10能够挂载更多数量或者更大的电池30。
在一些实施例中,电池挂载空间4和避让开口14均可以设置为沿车梁20的长度方向(如第一方向X)间隔设置的多个,且避让开口14与电池挂载空间4沿车梁20的宽度方向(如第二方向Y)一一对应,每个避让开口14分别对应设有对接结构6。由此,当电池30的尺寸较大时,电池30对应电池挂载空间4的部位可以伸入电池挂载空间4,对应避让开口14的部位可以伸入避让开口14以与对接结构6实现对接。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,延伸部2的朝向电池挂载空间4的一侧布置挂载结构3。
在本申请的实施例中,电池安装架10上设置有可连接电池30的挂载结构3,当电池30连接于挂载结构3时,电池30的至少部分可收纳在电池挂载空间4内,呈现挂载状态。在本申请的一些实施例中,当电池安装架10包括多个电池挂载空间4时,电池安装架10对应每个电池挂载空间4均设置有挂载结构3,以使得每个电池挂载空间4均可用于挂载电池30,不同电池挂载空间4所对应的挂载结构3可以相互独立,以使得每个电池挂载空间4可单独拆换所挂载的电池30。
由此,通过在延伸部2的朝向电池挂载空间4的一侧布置挂载结构3,因此,挂载结构3朝向哪个电池挂载空间4就与哪个电池挂载空间4对应,用于将电池30挂载于该挂载结构3所朝向的电池挂载空间4,从而可以明确挂载结构3与电池挂载空间4的对应关系,将电池30伸入电池挂载空间4可以与朝向该电池挂载空间4的挂载结构3连接,从而可以很方便地实现电池30的挂载。而且,当电池挂载空间4为多个时,与不同电池挂载空间4对应的挂载结构3所设置的位置不同、相互之间不会发生干涉,使得对应每个电池挂载空间4的挂载结构3均可以具有较为充分的空间灵活设置,以使得挂载结构3能够更容易且更可靠地挂载电池30。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,沿第一方向X排列的多个延伸部2中位于中间的至少一个延伸部2为共用延伸部2a,共用延伸部2a在第一方向X上的两侧分别具有电池挂载空间4,且共用延伸部2a的朝向两侧的电池挂载空间4的两侧分别布置挂载结构3。
值得说明的是,“沿第一方向X排列的多个延伸部2中位于中间的至少一个延伸部2”指的是:沿第一方向X间隔排列的多个延伸部2中除了两边的两个延伸部2之外的其余至少一个延伸部2为共用延伸部2a。例如图3,当第一方向X为车辆1000的长度方向、第二方向Y为车辆1000的宽度方向时,在车梁20的宽度一侧设有四个延伸部2,中间的两个延伸部2中的至少一个延伸部2为共用延伸部2a。
其中,共用延伸部2a的朝向两侧的电池挂载空间4的两侧分别布置挂载结构3,以使得在第一方向X上相邻的两个电池挂载空间4内的电池30可分别挂载于共用延伸部2a的两侧的挂载结构3,以使得电池30的挂载更加紧凑,且利于降低挂载结构3的设置难度。
由此,当沿第一方向X间隔排列的电池挂载空间4的数量固定时,可以减少沿第一方向X间隔排列的延伸部2的数量,例如最少的情况下,车梁20的宽度一侧的延伸部2的数量可以比挂载空间的数量多一个,即沿第一方向X相邻的两个电池挂载空间4之间仅设置一个延伸部2,从而有利于降低成本,降低车辆1000的载荷。
但是,本申请不限于此,例如还可以是,沿第一方向X相邻的两个电池挂载空间4之间设置两个延伸部2,这样,每个延伸部2可以仅对应一侧的电池挂载空间4布置挂载结构3,从而可以降低每个延伸部2对电池30的承载作用力,提高电池30的挂载可靠性。
示例性地,请再次参照图4,电池安装架10包括沿第一方向X间隔开分布的四个延伸部2,且四个延伸部2限定出三个电池挂载空间4,中间的两个延伸部2均为共用延伸部2a。当然,上述描述中对于电池挂载空间4的数量仅用于举例说明,例如在电池安装架10的第一方向X设置的电池挂载空间4也可设有两个、或者三个、或者五个、或者更多等等,可以根据车辆1000的具体需求设定。
此外,延伸部2的数量可以并非仅比电池挂载空间4多一个,例如三个电池挂载空间4 还可以由五个、或六个延伸部2限定出。但是,可以理解的是,当延伸部2的数量可以并非仅比电池挂载空间4多一个时,可以节省延伸部2的使用数量,降低电池安装架10的成本和重量。
在一些实施例中,共用延伸部2a两侧的挂载结构3在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位。例如,共用延伸部2a的一侧的任一挂载结构3在第二方向Y上到主体部1的距离,与共用延伸部2a的另一侧的任一挂载结构3在第二方向Y上到主体部1的距离不同。
由此,通过设置共用延伸部2a两侧的挂载结构3在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位,以利于共用延伸部2a的受力分布更加合理,当共用延伸部2a两侧的电池挂载空间4内的电池30分别与共用延伸部2a两侧的挂载结构3相连时,能够减少应力集中而导致延伸部2出现变形、断裂等问题,提高共用延伸部2a的使用寿命,从而提升电池30的挂载可靠性。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,电池挂载空间4在第一方向X上的两侧的延伸部2上均设有挂载结构3。
由此,电池挂载空间4在第一方向X上的两侧的延伸部2均可以起到承载该电池挂载空间4内的电池30的作用,两侧的挂载结构3可以分散受力,以减少应力集中而导致延伸部2出现变形、断裂等问题,提高共用延伸部2a的使用寿命,从而提升电池30的挂载可靠性。
在一些实施例中,电池挂载空间4两侧的挂载结构3在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位。例如,电池挂载空间4一侧的任一挂载结构3在第二方向Y上到主体部1的距离,与电池挂载空间4另一侧的任一挂载结构3在第二方向Y上到主体部1的距离不同。
由此,通过将电池挂载空间4两侧的挂载结构3设置为在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位,进一步有利于两侧的挂载结构3分散受力,进一步改善应力集中而导致延伸部2出现变形、断裂等问题。
此外,当共用延伸部2a在第一方向X上两侧的挂载结构3,在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位,且电池挂载空间4在第一方向X上的两侧的挂载结构3,在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影错位时,可以将多个延伸部2均构造为相同的结构,以利于简化结构,便于加工,降低成本,且便于提高装配效率。
当然,本申请不限于此,例如,还可以将共用延伸部2a在第一方向X上两侧的挂载结构3设置为,在垂直于第一方向X的投影面上的正投影重合,此时,电池挂载空间4在第一方向X上的两侧的挂载结构3在第一方向X的投影面上的正投影也可以重合,从而可以简化加工,降低成本。
在一些实施例中,延伸部2的朝向电池挂载空间4的一侧设有多个挂载结构3,且其中至少两个挂载结构3沿延伸部2的长度方向(例如图4中所示的第二方向Y)间隔布置。
这样,有利于充分利用延伸部2的长度方向上的空间,布置更多数量的挂载结构3,从而利于增强电池30的挂载稳定性,或者有利于增多电池挂载空间4内所挂载的电池30的数量。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,延伸部2包括朝电池挂载空间4内凸出的挂载边沿24,挂载结构3位于挂载边沿24上。
例如,挂载边沿24沿第一方向X朝向电池挂载空间4内部的方向凸出。
这样,通过设置挂载边沿24,以利于降低挂载结构3的设置难度,很容易地实现挂载结构3位于延伸部2的朝向电池挂载空间4的一侧,而且,使得挂载边沿24能够对电池30起到一定的直接或间接的支撑作用,以增强电池30的挂载稳定性。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,挂载边沿24位于延伸部2的高度方向Z上的下边缘。
由此,使得挂载结构3的设置位置高度较低,以利于降低挂载结构3的维修难度,并且有利于挂载结构3与电池30的装载连接,并提高电池30与延伸部2的配合紧凑性,降低空间浪费,以利用节省空间进一步增大电池30的尺寸,从而进一步提高电池30的尺寸能量密度。
例如,当采用工具向上伸至挂载结构3的位置,以进行挂载结构3与电池30的挂载连接时,工具抬高的位置低于延伸部2,从而可以降低工具的抬起高度,而且工具无需伸入到电池30与延伸部2之间,无需为了满足工具的伸入要求而增大电池30与延伸部2之间的空隙,降低空间浪费,以利用节省空间进一步增大电池30的尺寸,从而进一步提高电池30的尺寸能量密度。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,挂载边沿24的长度方向与延伸部2的延伸方向相同;其中,请参照图5,图5为本申请一个实施例的电池安装架10的局部放大图,挂载边沿24上设有沿挂载边沿24的长度方向间隔布置的多个挂载结构3。
由此,由于挂载边沿24的长度方向与延伸部2的长度方向相同,从而有利于降低挂载边沿24的加工难度,使得挂载边沿24具有更大的长度尺寸设置更多数量的挂载结构3,设置多个挂载结构3沿挂载边沿24的长度方向间隔,从而利于增强电池30的挂载稳定性,或者有利于增多挂载边沿24上所挂载的电池30的数量。
或者,请参照图6,图6为本申请另一个实施例的电池安装架10的局部放大图,挂载边沿24上的挂载结构3被配置为一个且沿挂载边沿24的长度方向延伸。
在上述技术方案中,由于挂载边沿24的长度方向与延伸部2的延伸方向相同,从而有利于降低挂载边沿24的加工难度,使得挂载边沿24具有更大的长度尺寸设置更多数量的挂载结构3,设置多个挂载结构3沿挂载边沿24的长度方向间隔,从而利于增强电池30的挂载稳定性,或者有利于增多挂载边沿24上所挂载的电池30的数量。
或者通过在挂载边沿24上仅设置一个沿挂载边沿24的长度方向延伸的挂载结构3。由此,通过在挂载边沿24上仅设置一个将挂载结构3,从而有利于降低挂载结构3的加工难度,且挂载结构3沿挂载边沿24的长度方向延伸,即挂载结构3的长度方向与挂载边沿24的长度方向一致,从而使得挂载结构3的尺寸更大,具有更大的受力面积,或者具有更多的连接位置,以利于同时与电池30上的多个连接结构连接,提高电池30的挂载可靠性,或者有利于同时挂载多个电池30。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,电池安装架10还包括加强部5,加强部5用于连接位于主体部1同侧的至少两个延伸部2。
值得说明的是,本实施例对于“主体部1的宽度方向上的两侧中的每侧分别布置至少一个延伸部2”和“主体部1的宽度方向上的其中一侧布置有延伸部2”的情况都适用。另外,通过加强部5连接的至少两个延伸部2可以是相邻的,也可以是不相邻的。
此外,值得说明的是,主体部1的宽度方向与车梁20的宽度方向一致,即车辆1000的左右方向。例如,主体部1的左侧的至少两个延伸部2通过加强部5连接,和/或,主体部1的右侧的至少两个延伸部2通过加强部5连接。
由此,利于增强电池安装架10的整体结构强度,降低延伸部2受力而导致的变形,提高对于电池30的挂载可靠性。
示例性地,加强部5和主体部1分置于延伸部2在第二方向Y上的两侧。由此,使得限定出电池挂载空间4的两个延伸部2在第二方向Y上的两端可分别通过主体部1和加强部5相连。这样,使得电池挂载空间4周围的结构形成为环形,其结构强度更高、对电池30的挂载可靠性较高,并可以从周侧更加全面的保护电池30,而且使得挂载结构3的位置可以灵活选择。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,主体部1在第二方向Y上的两侧分别布置有延伸部2。
由此,可以利用主体部1在第二方向Y上的两侧空间分别挂载电池30,例如可以分别挂载同一电池30位于主体部1两侧的两部分,或者分别挂载位于主体部1两侧的两个电池30,从而能够增加所挂载的电池30尺寸,或者增多挂载电池30的数量。
此外,当主体部1在第二方向Y上的两侧中的每侧均具有在第一方向X上挂载多个电池30的功能,能够充分利用电池安装架10在第二方向Y上的尺寸以增加电池安装架10能够挂载的电池30的数量,以充分利用电池安装架10在第二方向Y上的空间,且利于提高车辆1000的单次换电的续航里程。
例如当电池安装架10安装于车体101时,可以将主体部1固定于车梁20,使得电池30能够分布在车梁20的两侧,即使得电池安装架10具有双侧的挂载空间形态,以充分利用车底空间。
在一些实施例中,主体部1在第二方向Y上的两侧延伸部2的延伸方向相同,且主体部1在第二方向Y上的两侧延伸部2的投影沿延伸方向的正投影重合。
由此,使得主体部1两侧的延伸部2在第二方向Y上对应限定出的电池挂载空间4的尺寸相同且位置对应,从而电池安装架10在安装大尺寸且形状较为规则的电池30时,电池30的两侧部分能够分别与主体部1在第二方向Y上两侧对应设置的两个电池挂载空间4配合,这样,使得主体部1两侧对应设置的两个电池挂载空间4能够共同用于安装一个大尺寸的电池30,利于提高所安装的电池30的能量密度。且当延伸部2上具有挂载结构3,沿第二方向Y位置对应的两个延伸部2能够对该大尺寸电池30的两侧部分分别起到承载的作用,以提升电池30的受力平衡性以及挂载稳定性。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,延伸部2的高度沿着远离主体部1的方向呈变小趋势。
值得说明的是,“呈变小趋势”可以是逐渐减小,也可以是阶梯性变小。
由此,通过设置延伸部2的高度在第二方向Y上沿着远离主体部1的方向呈变小趋势,以使延伸部2远离主体部1的区域的高度较小。
也就是说,延伸部2与主体部1相连的端部的高度相对较大,而延伸部2远离主体部1的端部的高度相对较小,从而可以增强延伸部2与主体部1的连接强度,提高延伸部2对于电池30的挂载可靠性,而且可以降低延伸部2的重量,降低车辆1000的载荷。
在一些实施例中,请参照图4,挂载结构3位于延伸部2的下边缘处,延伸部2的下边缘沿水平线延伸,延伸部2的上边缘沿着远离主体部1的方向呈降低趋势。这里,将延伸部2的高度方向Z上的两端定义为上下两端,当延伸部2的高度方向Z与车辆1000的高度方向一致时,延伸部2的高度方向Z上的两端也为重力方向上的上下两端。
由此,通过将挂载结构3设置于延伸部2的高度方向Z上的下边缘处,且延伸部2的下边缘沿水平线延伸,有利于电池挂载结构3都位于同一高度且高度较低,有利于电池挂载结构3与电池30的装载连接,便于降低电池30的挂载难度,且有利于节省换电操作空间,利于提高电池的尺寸及能量密度。
示例性地,当挂载结构3位于延伸部2的下边缘处时,例如设在挂载边沿24上,且挂载边沿24位于延伸部2的下边缘位置处,可以将延伸部2的下边缘设置为沿水平延伸,而延伸部2的上边缘沿着远离主体部1的方向呈降低趋势,值得说明的是,“呈降低趋势”可以是逐渐降低,也可以是阶梯性降低。由此,有利于挂载结构3都位于同一水平高度,从而方便电池30的挂载操作。
延伸部2的下边缘沿水平线延伸,有利于挂载结构3都位于同一水平高度,从而方便电池30的挂载操作。同时,延伸部2的上边缘沿着远离主体部1的方向呈降低趋势,以使延伸部2与主体部1相连的端部的高度相对较大,而延伸部2远离主体部1的端部的高度相 对较小,从而可以增强延伸部2与主体部1的连接强度,提高延伸部2对于电池30的挂载可靠性,而且可以降低延伸部2的重量,降低车辆1000的载荷。
在一些实施例中,请参照图5或图6,延伸部2上设置有第二减重结构21和/或第二加强结构22。
由此,通过设置第二减重结构21,以利于降低延伸部2的重量,利于实现延伸部2的轻量化设计。其中,第二减重结构21可以包括但不限于减重孔、或者减重槽、或者减薄处理等。
由此,通过设置第二加强结构22,以利于增强延伸部2的结构强度,改善延伸部2的受力变形问题。其中,第二加强结构22可以包括但不限于加强筋、条状加强凸起、或延伸部2的局部做厚处理等,且当第一加强结构614设置为加强筋时,加强筋的结构形态不限,例如可以为直线形、或者曲线形、或者交叉形等等。
另外,当延伸部2上同时设置有第二减重结构21和第二加强结构22时,由于设置第二加强结构22使得延伸部2的重量增加,通过设置第二减重结构21可以降低重量,这样,可以兼顾延伸部2的可靠性和轻量化。
第二方面,请参照图3和图4,本申请实施例提供一种车架组件100,包括:车梁20和上述任一实施例的电池安装架10,车梁20包括沿第一方向X延伸且沿第二方向Y间隔设置的两个纵梁201,架本体10a安装至车梁20,对接结构6位于两个纵梁201之间。
值得说明的是,根据本申请实施例的车梁20的具体构成不限,例如图3所示,车梁20可以包括沿车辆的长度方向延伸的两个纵梁201和沿车辆的宽度方向延伸的至少一个横梁202,两个纵梁201沿车辆的宽度方向间隔设置,横梁202连接在两个纵梁201之间。由于车梁20包括沿第一方向X延伸且沿第二方向Y间隔设置的两个纵梁201,因此可以将第二方向Y设置为与第一方向X正交。
由此,对接结构6位于两个纵梁201之间,能够利用两个纵梁201对对接结构6起到一定的保护的作用,从而减少对接结构6的损坏,利于延长对接结构6的使用寿命,且使得对接结构6能够充分利用两个纵梁201之间的空间,以提高空间利用率,且便于减小电池安装架10的体积,从而提高电池30的容量,而且,对接结构6位于两个纵梁201之间的部分能够获得两个纵梁201的保护,以降低对接结构6被磕碰损坏的概率,改善对接结构6被泥水等所腐蚀失效的问题,提高对接的可靠性和稳定性,降低了对接结构6因泥浆和溅水侵蚀而导致的电气故障的风险。而且,对接结构6无需占用车梁20以外的空间,也不会干涉电池安装架10与车梁20及电池30的配合。
在一些实施例中,对接结构6的对接接口高于纵梁201的底面且向下设置。
由此,由于对接结构6的对接接口高于纵梁201的底面,使得对接结构6的对接接口的 离地高度较大,可以获得更好的保护,而且对接结构6的对接接口的高度设置有利于节省出空间,以增大电池30的高度尺寸以使得电池30的至少部分可以伸入两个纵梁201之间,提高电池安装架10与电池30的配合紧凑性,充分利用空间,增大电池的尺寸和尺寸能量密度。而且,通过设置对接接口向下设置,使得电池30在由下而上挂载的同时,能够实现电池30与对接结构6的对接,从而提高换电效率。
这样,使得电池30与车辆1000对接时的对接方向沿车辆1000的高度的方向布置,且由于电池30在挂载于车辆1000时,电池30的换电移动方向也沿车辆1000的高度的方向布置,从而使得电池30的对接方向能够与换电移动方向重合,进而不需额外在车辆1000的长度或宽度方向上设置对接空间,以提高空间利用率,且使得电池30挂载和对接能够同方向进行,进而提高换电效率。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供一种车辆1000,包括电池30和上述任一实施例的车架组件100,电池30挂载于挂载结构3,且对接于对接结构6。值得说明的是,车辆1000除电池30以及电池安装架10以外的其他部分的总和可以理解为是车体101,车梁20为车体101的一部分。
由此,通过设置车架组件100,以利用挂载结构3实现电池30的挂载,且通过对接结构6使得电池30与车体101构成电路和/或液路连通,以满足电池30与车体101的电路和/或液路的对接需求,从而可以简化车体101和电池30的对接处的结构设计,其中,通过将挂载结构3和对接结构6均集成于架本体10a上,以使二者的位置参照基准一致,以提高电池30的换电效率以及换电成功率。
在一些实施例中,请参照图8,图8为本申请一些实施例的电池30的结构简图。
电池30包括两个电池侧部30a和电池中央部30b,在车梁20的宽度方向上,两个电池侧部30a分别位于电池中央部30b的两侧,电池中央部30b的顶面低于电池侧部30a的顶面,以在两个电池侧部30a和电池中央部30b之间形成沿车梁20的长度方向贯通且顶部敞开以用于避让车梁20的让位槽30c,电池侧部30a与挂载结构3可拆卸相连,电池中央部30b的顶部具有与对接结构6对接的对接部位30d。
由此,通过设置电池中央部30b的顶面低于电池侧部30a的顶面,以在两个电池侧部30a和电池中央部30b之间形成让位槽30c。这样,在实际安装电池30时,让位槽30c能够用于避让车梁20,以避免电池30与车梁20干涉,充分利用车梁20的宽度两侧空间设置电池30,从而使得电池30的整体尺寸可以变大,以提高电池30的尺寸能量密度。
其中,电池侧部30a与挂载结构3可拆卸相连,电池中央部30b的顶部具有对接部位30d,这样,对接结构6与挂载结构3也可以分散开设置,从而可以避免连接位置集中,有利于降低装配难度,便于满足挂载和对接需求。此外,当两侧的电池侧部30a均与挂载结 构3连接时,可以提升电池30的挂载可靠性和稳定性。
值得说明的是,对接部位30d设置于电池中央部30b的顶部,使得电池30在沿车辆1000的高度方向由下而上运动时,可以很容易实现电池30的对接部位30d与两个纵梁201之间的对接结构6的对接,从而有利于降低换电操作难度,提高换电效率,并节省换电操作所需空间。
例如图3所示,在车梁20的宽度方向(如图3中所示的第二方向Y)的两侧均设置有延伸部2时且电池30安装于车梁20上时,车梁20的至少部分位于让位槽30c内且位于电池中央部30b的上方,两个电池侧部30a可分别挂载于车梁20的宽度方向的两侧的电池挂载空间4内,能够充分利用车梁20的宽度方向上的空间,以布置更大尺寸的电池30。
进一步地,当对接结构6的对接接口向下设置时,电池30在由下而上挂载于挂载结构3的同时,能够同步实现电池30与对接结构6的对接,这样,使得电池30与车辆1000对接时的对接空间沿车辆1000的高度的方向布置,且由于电池30在挂载于车辆1000时,电池30的换电移动空间也沿车辆1000的高度的方向布置,从而使得电池30的对接方向能够与换电移动方向重合,进而不需额外在车辆1000的长度或宽度方向上设置对接空间,以提高空间利用率,且使得电池30换电和电池30对接能够同步进行,进而提高换电效率。
其中,电池侧部30a与挂载结构3的连接方式包括但不限于:通过螺栓连接、或者卡接、或者插接、或者磁吸配合等。此外电池侧部30a可以是上部、中部或者下部与挂载结构3连接。示例性地,可以将电池侧部30a的上端设置为高于车梁20的底面,同时将电池侧部30a的下端设置为低于车梁20的底面,从而可以充分利用车梁20的宽度两侧空间。
近年来,商用电动汽车在物流、码头、矿山等一些应用场景下,换电模式成为了纯电动商用车补充能源重要途径,换电站的建设步伐也开始不断加快。为了使得换电具有通用互换性,以使换电站、充电设备等换电设施充分被利用,降低资源浪费。
本申请提出一些关于底盘式换电的实施例,以利于提高换电的兼容与互换性。但以下实施例不限于应用纯电动车辆,其他形式的换电车辆均可参考使用。
在一些实施例中,换电电池系统工作电压范围:400V~750V。
在一些实施例中,换电电池系统换电接触面平面度≤4mm。具体而言,换电电池系统和电池安装架的接触界面应一个平面,无凸结构,平面度均应小于4mm。
在一些实施例中,换电电池系统的尺寸公差在±10mm范围内。
在一些实施例中,换电电池系统中车辆的重量M1与电池的电量Q满足:0kg<M1≤1400kg,100kWh≤Q≤200kWh;或者1400kg<M1≤2800kg,200kWh<Q≤400kWh;或者2800kg<M1≤4200kg,400kWh<Q≤600kWh;或者4200kg<M1≤5600kg,600kWh<Q≤800kWh。
在一些实施例中,如图9-图10所示,换电电池系统应在对应包络空间的车辆上进行更 换,换电电池系统中的电池尺寸如图11-图12标识。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统前后端面与整车预留安全间隙L0,L0≥50mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统沿车长方向尺寸L,满足:700mm≤L≤900mm;或者1500mm≤L≤1700mm;或者2300mm≤L≤2500mm;或者3100mm≤L≤3300mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统沿车宽方向尺寸W,满足:2300mm≤W≤2550mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统的总高度H,满足:H≤680mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统上层凸台(如电池上部)长度尺寸L1,满足:600mm≤L1≤700mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统上层两侧凸台(如电池侧部30a的电池上部部分)宽度尺寸W1,满足:W1≤805mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统上层中间凸台(如电池中央部30a的电池上部部分)宽度尺寸W2,满足:W2≤640mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统上层两侧凸台(如电池侧部30a的电池上部部分)高度尺寸H1,满足:H1≤300mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图9-图12,换电电池系统上层中间凸台(如电池中央部30a的电池上部部分)高度尺寸H2,满足:H2≤150mm。
目前重卡电动汽车的应用场景主要有干线物流、中短途作业(如:城市渣土运输)、封闭作业场景(如:港口),对用的电量需求大概可以分解为3种:400~600kWh、300~400kWh、150~200kWh,依据此电量系列可看出,采用标准包方案可灵活配组适用不同场景,如标准换电电池系统的电量在150~200kWh左右,可采用三个标准换电电池系统(简称三包)、或两个标准换电电池系统(简称双包)、或单各标准换电电池系统(简称单包)以满足电量需求。
目前重卡电动汽车的主要车型有:6*4牵引车、4*2牵引车、8*4自卸车、6*4自卸车、4*2载货车、6*4载货车,其中,轴距相对短的是6*4牵引车和8*4自卸车,其它车型可兼容。其中,6*4牵引车:传统油车轴距在3300mm,此为理想轴距,但现阶段无法布置下大电量。针对后背换电车型,目前轴距拉长到3800mm,此空间也无法布置下目标电量,目前推动客户端可将轴距拉长到4200mm,基于此轴距分解电池空间。其中,8*4自卸车:有用于城市的,也有用于矿区。矿区8*4自卸车的轴距较长,保证运输量,轴距有加大,此空间可以布置下目标电量。城市8*4自卸车中传统燃油车的轴距在2500~2600mm,此空间也 无法布置下目标电量,针对后背换电的车型,轴距拉长到3200~3300mm,底盘换电可基于此拉长轴距分解电池空间。
电池前端空间限制因素包括:板簧及其支架,考虑重载情况下目前行业普遍在1600~1800mm左右(单边按900mm),电池后端空间限制因素包括:挡泥板,距离车轮中心700mm左右,电池前后端各预留50mm安全间隙,则6*4牵引车分解到换电电池系统的包络尺寸大概为:4200-900-700-100=2500mm(三包),8*4自卸车分解到换电电池系统的包络尺寸大概为:3300-900-700-100=1600mm(两包)。基于以上两种换电电池系统的包络空间,考虑换电电池系统与换电电池系统之间的间隙20~30mm,分解到每个换电电池系统的长度包络尺寸大概为:700~820mm。
换电电池系统的宽度包络尺寸在设计时,考虑不超过法规要求的车宽即可,例如重卡电动汽车的车宽为2550mm。
换电电池系统的高度包络尺寸在设计时,考虑换电电池系统的上端与车梁的上翼面保持20mm间隙,换电电池系统的底面与地面保持300mm或400mm以上的离地间隙,车梁上翼面离地高度普遍在1000~1100mm,因此,分解到换电电池系统的高度包络尺寸大概为:580~780mm。
并且,为了实现提高换电的兼容与互换性,本申请还提出了一些关于电池安装架10的实施例。
在一些实施例中,参考图13,在车辆的长度方向(如第一方向X)上,电池挂载空间4的长度为Y1,且满足:620mm≤Y1≤720mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图13,在车辆的宽度方向(如第二方向Y)上,电池挂载空间4的宽度为N1,且满足:690mm≤N1≤815mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图13,在车辆的宽度方向(如第二方向Y)上,两个第二主体壁12之间的最小宽度(或者说避让开口15的宽度)为N2,且满足:660mm≤N2≤680mm。
在一些实施例中,参考图14,在车辆的宽度方向(如第二方向Y)上,电池安装架10的总宽度为P,在车辆的长度方向(如第一方向X)上,电池安装架10的总长度为R,且满足:2300mm≤P≤2550mm,700mm≤R≤900mm(例如仅具有一个电池挂载空间4)、或者1500mm≤R≤1700mm(例如具有两个电池挂载空间4)、或者2300mm≤R≤2500mm(例如具有三个电池挂载空间4)、或者3100mm≤R≤3300mm(例如具有四个电池挂载空间4)。
以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围,其均应涵 盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是,只要不存在结构冲突,各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种电池安装架,其中,包括:
    架本体,所述架本体适于安装至车体;
    挂载结构,所述挂载结构集成在所述架本体上,且用于挂载电池;
    对接结构,所述对接结构也集成在所述架本体上,且用于连接所述车体以及对接所述电池,以使所述电池与所述车体构成电路和/或液路连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池安装架,其中,所述架本体包括:
    主体部,所述主体部适于安装至所述车体,所述对接结构设于所述主体部;
    延伸部,所述延伸部的一端与所述主体部相连,另一端朝向远离所述主体部的方向延伸,所述挂载结构设于所述延伸部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部包括车梁避让槽,所述车梁避让槽具有沿第一方向贯通的开口,所述对接结构位于所述车梁避让槽内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部包括沿所述第一方向间隔设置的多个第一主体壁,相邻的两个所述第一主体壁之间形成避让开口,所述对接结构的对接接口高于所述第一主体壁且对应所述避让开口设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池安装架,其中,所述对接结构包括承载架和对接装置,所述承载架包括承载部和支腿部,所述对接装置设于所述承载部,所述支腿部由所述承载部在所述第一方向上的两端朝向所述第一主体壁延伸,且连接于所述第一主体壁。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池安装架,其中,所述承载部上具有第一减重结构,和/或,所述支腿部与所述承载部的连接处设有第一加强结构。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池安装架,其中,所述承载架为一体成型件且与所述第一主体壁装配连接。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述避让开口为沿所述第一方向间隔设置的多个,每个所述避让开口分别对应设有所述对接结构。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部包括沿所述第一方向延伸的第二主体壁,所述第二主体壁为两个且沿与所述第一方向相交的第二方向间隔设置,两个所述第二主体壁连接在各所述第一主体壁在所述第二方向上的两端,以在所述第一主体壁和所述第二主体壁之间形成顶部敞开的所述车梁避让槽,所述延伸部连接至所述第二主体壁且在所述第二方向上位于所述第二主体壁的远离所述第一主体壁的一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部的一侧设有沿第一方向间隔排列的多个所述延伸部,相邻的两个所述延伸部之间限定出电池挂载空间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部的一侧设有沿所述第一方向间隔设置的多个所述电池挂载空间,所述对接结构为多个且沿所述第一方向间隔设置,且多个所述对接结构与多个所述电池挂载空间沿与所述第一方向相交的第二方向相对设置。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电池安装架,其中,所述延伸部的朝向所述电池挂载空间的一侧布置所述挂载结构。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池安装架,其中,沿所述第一方向排列的多个所述延伸部中位于中间的至少一个所述延伸部为共用延伸部,所述共用延伸部在所述主体部的长度方向上的两侧分别具有所述电池挂载空间,且所述共用延伸部的朝向两侧的所述电池挂载空间的两侧分别布置所述挂载结构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池安装架,其中,所述共用延伸部两侧的所述挂载结构在垂直于所述第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述电池挂载空间在所述第一方向上的两侧的所述延伸部上均设有所述挂载结构。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池安装架,其中,所述电池挂载空间两侧的所述挂载结构在垂直于所述第一方向的投影面上的正投影错位。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述延伸部的朝向所述电池挂载空间的一侧设有多个所述挂载结构,且其中至少两个所述挂载结构沿所述延伸部的长度方向间隔布置。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述延伸部包括朝所述电池挂载空间内凸出的挂载边沿,所述挂载结构位于所述挂载边沿上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池安装架,其中,所述挂载边沿位于所述延伸部的高度方向上的下边缘。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的电池安装架,其中,所述挂载边沿的长度方向与所述延伸部的延伸方向相同;其中,所述挂载边沿上设有沿所述挂载边沿的长度方向间隔布置的多个所述挂载结构,或者,所述挂载边沿上的所述挂载结构被配置为一个且沿所述挂载边沿的长度方向延伸。
  21. 根据权利要求11-20中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述电池安装架还包括加强部,所述加强部用于连接位于所述主体部同侧的至少两个所述延伸部。
  22. 根据权利要求10-21中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部在与所述第一方向相交的第二方向上的两侧分别布置有所述延伸部。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池安装架,其中,所述主体部在所述第二方向上的两侧所述延伸部的延伸方向相同,且所述主体部在所述第二方向上的两侧所述延伸部的投影沿所 述延伸方向的正投影重合。
  24. 根据权利要求2-23中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述延伸部的高度沿着远离所述主体部的方向呈变小趋势。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的电池安装架,其中,所述挂载结构位于所述延伸部的下边缘处,所述延伸部的下边缘沿水平线延伸,所述延伸部的上边缘沿着远离所述主体部的方向呈降低趋势。
  26. 根据权利要求2-25中任一项所述的电池安装架,其中,所述延伸部上设置有第二减重结构和/或第二加强结构。
  27. 一种车架组件,其中,包括:
    车梁,所述车梁包括沿第一方向延伸且沿第二方向间隔设置的两个纵梁;
    如权利要求1-26中任一项所述的电池安装架,所述架本体安装至所述车梁,所述对接结构位于两个所述纵梁之间。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的车架组件,其中,所述对接结构的对接接口高于所述纵梁的底面且向下设置。
  29. 一种车辆,其中,包括电池和如权利要求27或28所述的车架组件,所述电池挂载于所述挂载结构,且对接于所述对接结构。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的车辆,其中,所述电池包括两个电池侧部和电池中央部,在所述车梁的宽度方向上,两个所述电池侧部分别位于所述电池中央部的两侧,所述电池中央部的顶面低于所述电池侧部的顶面,以在两个所述电池侧部和所述电池中央部之间形成沿所述车梁的长度方向贯通且顶部敞开以用于避让车梁的让位槽,所述电池侧部与所述挂载结构可拆卸相连,所述电池中央部的顶部具有与所述对接结构对接的对接部位。
PCT/CN2024/078162 2023-06-30 2024-02-22 电池安装架、车架组件和车辆 Ceased WO2025001202A1 (zh)

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