WO2024254882A1 - Dna数据存储的读取方法和系统 - Google Patents

Dna数据存储的读取方法和系统 Download PDF

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WO2024254882A1
WO2024254882A1 PCT/CN2023/100855 CN2023100855W WO2024254882A1 WO 2024254882 A1 WO2024254882 A1 WO 2024254882A1 CN 2023100855 W CN2023100855 W CN 2023100855W WO 2024254882 A1 WO2024254882 A1 WO 2024254882A1
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data
dna sequence
capture
continuous data
dna
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平质
刘德瑞霖
陈宇婷
沈玥
章文蔚
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BGI Shenzhen Co Ltd
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BGI Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202380092857.8A priority Critical patent/CN120660141A/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16B—BIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • G16B30/00—ICT specially adapted for sequence analysis involving nucleotides or amino acids

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  • the present invention relates to the fields of biotechnology and information, and in particular to a method and system for reading DNA data storage.
  • DNA data storage usually includes the following steps: 1) Encoding: converting the binary 0/1 code of computer information into DNA sequence information of A/T/C/G; 2) Synthesis: using DNA synthesis technology to synthesize the corresponding DNA sequence, and storing the obtained chemical DNA molecules in an in vitro medium or living cells; 3) Sequencing: using sequencing technology to read the DNA sequence of the stored DNA molecules; 4) Decoding: using the method corresponding to the encoding process in step 1, the DNA sequence obtained by sequencing is converted into a binary 0/1 code, and further converted into computer information.
  • a DNA sequence library for continuous data storage wherein the DNA sequence comprises a capture location region and a data region, wherein the capture location region corresponds to the spatial information of the continuous data, and the data region corresponds to the content of the continuous data.
  • both ends of the DNA sequence also include primer regions.
  • a method for continuous data storage comprising:
  • DNA sequence includes a capture location region and a data region, wherein the capture location region corresponds to the spatial information of the continuous data, and the data region corresponds to the content of the continuous data;
  • a method for reading DNA data storage comprising:
  • each microarray on the sequencing chip is connected to a specific DNA sequence capture probe via a solid phase carrier and matched with a coordinate positioning sequence.
  • the capture positioning region is a portion of a specific sequence that matches the coordinate positioning sequence and can be captured by the capture probe.
  • a DNA data storage reading system comprising:
  • a capture unit configured to capture a DNA sequence storing continuous data
  • a decoding unit configured to decode DNA sequence sequencing data
  • a storage unit is configured to store the sequencing data and the decoding data.
  • the DNA sequence includes a capture positioning region and a data region, the capture positioning region corresponds to the spatial information of the continuous data, and the data region corresponds to the content of the continuous data.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the reading method of DNA data storage is innovated to realize instant decoding, which solves the problem of information reading efficiency in DNA data storage, thereby improving the possibility of large-scale application of DNA data storage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a capture chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DNA sequence for storing data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of encoding video data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process of sequencing, reading and decoding video data stored in a DNA sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of data sequencing and decoding in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a DNA sequence library for continuous data storage.
  • the DNA sequence comprises a capture location region and a data region.
  • the capture location region corresponds to the spatial information of continuous data
  • the data region corresponds to the content of continuous data.
  • the DNA sequence also includes primer regions at both ends.
  • the present invention also provides a method for continuous data storage, comprising:
  • the present invention also provides a method for reading DNA data storage, comprising:
  • the capture positioning region corresponds to the spatial information of the continuous data
  • continuous data refers to a set of data that is continuous and sequential, and can be either temporal or spatial.
  • continuous data can be pictures, videos, the position of cells in tissues, etc. Specifically, a picture is divided into different parts, and multiple different parts of the picture are continuous data in space; a video is essentially composed of different pictures, and multiple pictures of the video are continuous data in time; cells in a specific spatial position in the body cooperate with the microenvironment to exert their unique biological functions, and the position of cells in tissues over a period of time is continuous data.
  • capturing DNA sequences can be achieved through a sequencing chip.
  • the specific sequencing chip is shown in Figure 1.
  • the original sequencing chip is based on the BGI spatiotemporal sequencing chip.
  • Each microarray is connected to a specific DNA sequence capture probe through a solid phase carrier and matched with a coordinate positioning sequence ( Figure 1).
  • Capturing DNA sequences can also be achieved using magnetic beads with specific labels.
  • each sequence ( FIG. 2 ) needs to carry a portion of a specific sequence that matches the coordinate positioning sequence and can be captured by the capture probe.
  • matrix encoding is combined with coordinate positioning during encoding ( Figure 3).
  • Each information matrix encodes one frame of the picture to form a base matrix.
  • Multiple base matrices are connected to form a DNA sequence library.
  • the synthesized DNA library is first amplified and poured onto the chip surface and fully reacted. At this time, the specific capture probe will capture the DNA sequence with the corresponding positioning sequence.
  • library construction and sequencing are carried out. Each round of sequencing obtains the base information of a matrix.
  • Each base matrix can obtain partial data through decoding. This process is repeated until all information is completely restored after sequencing is completed.
  • the base data read out per unit time can be used as data blocks for semi-instant decoding.
  • This embodiment takes the BGI logo image as an example to illustrate the database building method, data storage method and data reading method disclosed in the present invention.
  • Encoding In the encoding process of buffered reading, we segment the bit sequence of the file to be stored (the BGI logo image) and do not encode it directly. Instead, we upgrade the dimension of each bit sequence to form a two-dimensional bit matrix, and superimpose adjacent matrices to finally generate continuous data with a depth equal to the total number of segmented sequences. Then, a DNA sequence library is formed by encoding. The length of the continuous data multiplied by the width is the total number of DNA molecules, and the depth is the length of the DNA molecules. The part with insufficient length is supplemented with a random sequence and the file size is marked, so that it is possible to distinguish which bases are redundant during decoding. At the same time, the necessary parameters corresponding to the original file type are returned to facilitate the judgment of the file type corresponding to the read sequence in the immediate reading stage.
  • the DNA sequence encoded in step 1 is synthesized by methods including but not limited to column synthesis, electrochemical synthesis, chip-based inkjet printing synthesis, sorting-based chip synthesis, photodeprotection synthesis, etc.
  • the synthesis length is consistent with the sequence length, and the synthesis product is stored in the form of in vitro oligonucleotides/gene fragments or in vivo.
  • the storage environment includes but is not limited to sealed capsules, inorganic packaging, living cells, etc.
  • Sequencing Amplify the stored DNA sequence (optional), and then build a library based on the selected sequencing technology, which includes but is not limited to high-throughput sequencing, single-molecule sequencing, etc. During the sequencing process, the sequencing results are output based on the base matrix produced in each round of sequencing or per unit time.
  • the present invention also provides a DNA data storage reading system, the system comprising
  • a capture unit configured to capture a DNA sequence storing continuous data
  • a sequencing unit configured to sequence the captured DNA sequence

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于连续数据存储的DNA序列文库、连续数据存储的方法以及相应的读取方法和读取系统。所述读取方法包括：1)利用捕获定位区捕获DNA序列文库的DNA序列，所述捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息；2)对所述DNA序列的数据区进行测序，所述数据区对应于连续数据内容，随着所述测序的进行还原连续数据内容。本发明将DNA数据存储的读取方式进行革新实现即时解码，解决了DNA数据存储中的信息读取效率问题，从而提升了DNA数据存储的大规模应用可能性。

Description

DNA数据存储的读取方法和系统 技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术和信息领域，具体涉及一种DNA数据存储的读取方法和系统。
背景技术
随着现代科技，尤其是互联网的发展，全球的数据呈现指数级攀升的态势。不断增长的数据量对存储技术提出越来越高的要求。传统的存储技术，比如磁带以及光碟存储，因为存储密度和时间有限越来越无法满足当前的数据需求。近年来，发展起来的DNA存储技术为解决这些问题提供了一条新的途径。与传统的存储介质相比，DNA作为介质进行信息存储具有存储时间长(可以到几千年以上，是现有磁带和光盘介质的百倍以上)、存储密度高(达到～109Gb/mm3，是现有磁带和光盘介质的千万倍以上)以及存储安全性好等特点。
DNA数据存储通常包括以下步骤：1)编码：将电脑信息的二进制0/1代码转换为A/T/C/G的DNA序列信息；2)合成：利用DNA合成技术合成相应的DNA序列，并将获得的化学DNA分子保藏在离体介质或者活体细胞内；3)测序：利用测序技术读取存储的DNA分子的DNA序列；4)解码：利用步骤1中与编码过程相对应的方式，将测序获得的DNA序列转换为二进制0/1代码，进一步转换为电脑信息。
目前，DNA存储存在问题之一是信息无法被即时读取，需要将序列进行完全测序后数据才能下机解码。尽管测序通量非常高，但对于单一文件来说，其绝对读取速度远低于现有存储介质。因此，为了解决DNA存储中的信息读取效率问题，需要开发一种类似互联网网页内容缓冲加载的“即时”读取手段。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种DNA数据存储的读取方法，利用特异性序列定位待测序的碱基，结合高通量测序单轮测序输出数据与编码方 案，在每轮测序后获得部分原始数据并进行对应解码。在测序过程中，实现较快速地获得部分数据。
为实现上述目的，采用以下技术方案：
一种用于连续数据存储的DNA序列文库，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容。
进一步地，所述DNA序列的两端还包括引物区。
一种连续数据存储的方法，所述方法包括：
1)对于连续数据生成DNA序列文库，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容；
2)合成所述DNA序列文库。
一种DNA数据存储的读取方法，所述方法包括：
1)利用捕获定位区捕获DNA序列文库的DNA序列，所述捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息；
2)对所述DNA序列的数据区进行测序，所述数据区对应于连续数据内容，随着所述测序的进行还原连续数据内容。
进一步地，所述捕获DNA序列是通过测序芯片实现的。
进一步地，所述捕获DNA序列是通过带有特定标记的磁珠实现的。
进一步地，所述测序芯片每个微阵列上通过固相载体连接特异性DNA序列捕获探针并搭配坐标定位序列。
进一步地，所述捕获定位区是一部分与所述坐标定位序列相匹配以及能被所述捕获探针捕获的特异性序列。
一种DNA数据存储的读取系统，所述系统包括：
捕获单元，被配置用于捕获存储连续数据的DNA序列；
测序单元，被配置用于对所述捕获的DNA序列进行测序；
解码单元，被配置用于对DNA序列测序数据进行解码；
存储单元，被配置用于所述测序数据以及解码数据的存储。
进一步地，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容。
采用上述方案，本发明的有益效果是：将DNA数据存储的读取方式进行革新实现即时解码，解决了DNA数据存储中的信息读取效率问题，从而提升了DNA数据存储的大规模应用可能性。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的一个实施方案中捕获芯片示意图。
图2为根据本发明的一个实施方案中存储数据的DNA序列示意图。
图3为根据本发明的一个实施方案的视频数据按照本发明编码的流程示意图。
图4为根据本发明的一个实施方案的存储在DNA序列中的视频数据按照本发明进行测序读取及解码的流程示意图。
图5为本发明的实施例中数据测序解码的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明提供了一种用于连续数据存储的DNA序列文库，DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息，数据区对应于连续数据内容。
DNA序列的两端还包括引物区。
本发明还提供一种连续数据存储的方法，包括：
1)对于连续数据生成DNA序列文库，DNA序列包括捕获定位 区和数据区，捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息，数据区对应于连续数据内容；
2)合成DNA序列文库。
本发明还提供一种DNA数据存储的读取方法，包括：
1)利用捕获定位区捕获DNA序列文库的DNA序列，捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息；
2)对DNA序列的数据区进行测序，数据区对应于连续数据内容，随着测序的进行还原连续数据内容。
在本发明中，连续数据是指有前后顺序的连续的一组数据，可以是时间上的也可以是空间上的，例如连续数据可以是图片、视频、细胞在组织中的位置等。具体地，将图片划分为不同部分，图片的多个不同部分在空间上是连续数据；视频本质上由不同画面组成，视频的多个画面在时间上是连续数据；细胞在生物体内特定的空间位置与微环境协同，发挥其特有的生物学功能，一段时间内细胞在组织中的位置是连续数据。
在本发明中，捕获DNA序列可以通过测序芯片实现。具体的测序芯片如图1所示，原始测序芯片基于华大时空组学测序芯片，每个微阵列上通过固相载体连接特异性DNA序列捕获探针并搭配坐标定位序列(图1)。
捕获DNA序列也可以通过带有特定标记的磁珠实现。
在DNA序列设计、合成过程中，每条序列(图2)需要携带一部分与坐标定位序列相匹配以及能被捕获探针捕获的特异性序列。
以视频存储为例，编码时结合坐标定位进行矩阵化编码(图3)，每个信息矩阵编码一帧画面，形成一个碱基矩阵。多个碱基矩阵相连，形成一个DNA序列文库。读取数据时，如图4所示，首先将合成的DNA文库经过扩增后倾倒至芯片表面并充分反应，此时，特异性捕获探针将捕获带有相应定位序列的DNA序列。此后进行建库测序，每轮测序获得一个矩阵的碱基信息，每个碱基矩阵通过解码可以获得部分数 据(如第N帧图像)。如此重复，直至所有信息在测序全部完成后完全恢复。
如果利用单分子测序的方式，可以使用单位时间内读出碱基数据作为数据块进行半即时解码。
实施例：
本实施例以华大logo图片为例说明本发明公开的建库方法、数据存储方法以及数据读取方法。
1.编码：在缓冲读取的编码过程中，我们将待存储文件(华大logo图片)的比特序列分段后不直接编码，而是将每段比特序列升维，形成二维比特矩阵，相邻矩阵之间进行叠加，最终生成深度为分段序列总数的连续数据。再通过编码形成DNA序列文库，连续数据的长度乘以宽度为DNA分子总数，深度为DNA分子的长度，长度不足的部分用随机序列补足并标记文件大小，使得解码时可以区分哪些碱基是多余的。同时返回原始文件类型对应的必要参数，以便于在即时读取阶段判断读取序列对应恢复的文件类型。
2.合成与保存：利用包括但不限于柱式合成法、电化学合成法、基于芯片的喷墨打印合成法、基于分选的芯片合成法、光脱保护合成法等方式，根据步骤1编码所得的DNA序列进行合成，合成长度与序列长度一致，合成产物以体外寡核苷酸/基因片段或体内形式进行存储，存储环境包括但不限于密封胶囊、无机封装、活细胞等。
3.测序：将保存的DNA序列进行扩增(可选)，其后根据选用的测序技术进行建库，测序技术包括但不限于高通量测序、单分子测序等。测序过程中根据每轮测序或单位时间内产出的碱基矩阵输出测序结果。
4.解码：根据输出的测序结果按轮次或单位时间进行序列解码，逐渐完成源文件的解码，如图5所示。
本发明还提供一种DNA数据存储的读取系统，所述系统包括
捕获单元，被配置用于捕获存储连续数据的DNA序列；
测序单元，被配置用于对捕获的DNA序列进行测序；
解码单元，被配置用于对DNA序列测序数据进行解码；
存储单元，被配置用于测序数据以及解码数据的存储。
读取系统中的DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息，数据区对应于连续数据内容。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于连续数据存储的DNA序列文库，其特征在于，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的DNA序列文库，其特征在于，所述DNA序列的两端还包括引物区。
  3. 一种连续数据存储的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    1)对于连续数据生成DNA序列文库，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容；
    2)合成所述DNA序列文库。
  4. 一种DNA数据存储的读取方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    1)利用捕获定位区捕获DNA序列文库的DNA序列，所述捕获定位区对应于连续数据的空间信息；
    2)对所述DNA序列的数据区进行测序，所述数据区对应于连续数据内容，随着所述测序的进行还原连续数据内容。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述捕获DNA序列是通过测序芯片实现的。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述捕获DNA序列是通过带有特定标记的磁珠实现的。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述测序芯片每个微阵列上通过固相载体连接特异性DNA序列捕获探针并搭配坐标定位序列。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述捕获定位区是一部分与所述坐标定位序列相匹配以及能被所述捕获探针捕获的特异性序列。
  9. 一种DNA数据存储的读取系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：
    捕获单元，被配置用于捕获存储连续数据的DNA序列；
    测序单元，被配置用于对所述捕获的DNA序列进行测序；
    解码单元，被配置用于对DNA序列测序数据进行解码；
    存储单元，被配置用于所述测序数据以及解码数据的存储。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述DNA序列包括捕获定位区和数据区，所述捕获定位区对应于所述连续数据的空间信息，所述数据区对应于所述连续数据内容。
PCT/CN2023/100855 2023-06-16 2023-06-16 Dna数据存储的读取方法和系统 Ceased WO2024254882A1 (zh)

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CN114743602A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2022-07-12 天津大学 一种dna信息存储读取方法及系统
CN115461469A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2022-12-09 癌症研究技术有限公司 空间条形码化

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CN114743602A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2022-07-12 天津大学 一种dna信息存储读取方法及系统

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