WO2024252096A1 - Dispositif de détection de carburant dans l'huile par analyse de phase gazeuse - Google Patents
Dispositif de détection de carburant dans l'huile par analyse de phase gazeuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024252096A1 WO2024252096A1 PCT/FR2024/050723 FR2024050723W WO2024252096A1 WO 2024252096 A1 WO2024252096 A1 WO 2024252096A1 FR 2024050723 W FR2024050723 W FR 2024050723W WO 2024252096 A1 WO2024252096 A1 WO 2024252096A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas phase
- turbomachine
- sensor
- fuel
- enclosure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/224—Heating fuel before feeding to the burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
- F02C9/46—Emergency fuel control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N29/00—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
- F16N29/04—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems enabling a warning to be given; enabling moving parts to be stopped
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of engine lubrication circuits and more particularly to the prevention of pollution of such circuits.
- the lubrication system In aircraft the lubrication system is essential to ensure the proper functioning of the engines. However, the lubrication system can be contaminated by fuel, which can cause problems with engine performance and flight safety, particularly due to the risk of ignition. Fuel detection in the lubrication system is therefore crucial to ensure the reliability and safety of aircraft.
- Heat exchangers are used to transfer heat generated by engines from the lubrication system to the fuel system to preheat the fuel before it is injected into the engines. These heat exchangers between the lubrication system and the fuel system can leak, which can cause fuel to contaminate the lubrication system.
- Fuel detection technologies in the lubrication system for aircraft, such as infrared absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical impedance analysis. These technologies are designed to detect the presence of fuel in different parts of the lubrication system, including filters, heat exchangers, and lines. Fuel detection systems must be robust and reliable to operate under varying environmental conditions, such as high temperatures and pressures, as well as in environments with vibration and shock. Since fuels and lubricants have similar chemical properties, it is difficult to clearly establish the presence of fuel in the oil for low concentrations of fuel in the lubricant. Given the implications of the presence of fuel in the oil, even at very low concentrations, a reliable and sensitive device is required.
- the invention aims to improve the sensitivity of fuel detection in a lubricant circuit.
- a turbomachine comprising a lubrication circuit traversed by a lubricant and a supply circuit traversed by a fuel, the lubrication circuit comprising an enclosure in which a liquid phase and a gaseous phase are established, the lubrication circuit also comprising a sensor arranged to detect the presence of fuel vapor in the column.
- a fluid connection between the sensor and the enclosure comprises an anti-splash device.
- the anti-splash device comprises a column and/or a grid and/or a membrane
- the sensor is a platinum wire catalytic sensor
- the enclosure is an oil tank
- the sensor is fluidically connected to the enclosure by an oiled air pipe
- the turbomachine comprises a device for generating the gas phase
- the device for generating the gas phase comprises a heating device.
- the invention also relates to an aircraft comprising a turbomachine as described above as well as a method for detecting a leak from a supply circuit traversed by a fuel to a lubrication circuit traversed by a lubricant in such a turbomachine, the method comprising the following steps: taking a portion of the gas phase from the enclosure; detecting the presence of fuel vapor in the gas phase; issuing an alert when the gas phase contains a quantity of fuel vapor greater than a predetermined threshold.
- the method comprises an additional step of generating the gas phase, preferably by heating.
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional representation of a turbomachine
- Figure 2 is a partial schematic plan view of a fuel circuit and a carburetion circuit according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the sensor of Figure 2.
- a turbomachine here a turbojet engine marked 1 in Figure 1
- the air is admitted into an inlet sleeve 2 to pass through a fan comprising a series of rotating blades 3 before splitting into a central primary flow which circulates in a vein called a circulation vein of a primary air flow and a secondary flow surrounding the primary flow.
- the primary flow is compressed by compressor stages 4 and 5 before reaching a combustion chamber 6, after which it expands by passing through turbines 7, before being evacuated by generating thrust.
- the secondary flow is propelled directly by the fan to generate the main thrust.
- the compressor stages 4 and 5 comprise fixed distributors regularly spaced around a shaft 8 mounted to rotate about a longitudinal axis AX in a nacelle 9 surrounding the assembly.
- the blades of the compressor stages 4 and 5 and of the turbines 7 are integral in rotation with the shaft 8.
- the shaft 8 is mounted to rotate relative to the nacelle 9 using several bearings 10 lubricated with oil and which are confined in enclosures 11.
- the terms “inner” or “internal” and “outer” or “external” are used in reference to the position or orientation relative to the axis of rotation of the turbine of the turbojet engine 1.
- the terms “upstream” and “downstream” are used in reference to the position or orientation of an element according to the direction of air flow in the turbojet engine 1.
- An axial direction, a radial direction which is orthogonal to the axial direction and a circumferential direction which is orthogonal to the axial and radial directions are also defined.
- the turbojet 1 comprises a lubrication circuit 20 traversed by a lubricant 21 and a supply circuit 40 traversed by a fuel 41.
- the lubrication circuit 20 comprises an enclosure 22 - here a tank - in which a liquid phase 23 and a gas phase 24 of the lubricant 21 are established.
- the lubrication circuit 20 comprises a pump 25 and is connected to a heat exchanger 50 to constitute the hot circuit.
- the supply circuit 40 is also connected to the exchanger 50 to constitute the cold circuit. The calories from the lubrication circuit 20 are thus transferred to the supply circuit 40.
- An oiled air pipe 26 is connected to the enclosure 22.
- a column T1 is tapped into the pipe 26 by its first end 28 to be fluidically connected to the enclosure 22 so as to be traversed by the gas phase 24.
- the second end 29 of the column T1 is provided with a sensor 30 of the platinum wire catalytic type.
- the end 28 is equipped with an anti-splash device, here a membrane 31.
- An electric heater 60 extends against a wall - here a bottom 22.1 - of the enclosure 22.
- a suction device such as a vacuum pump or jet pump, can also be used to create the vapor phase. It is sufficient to place it at the top of the oiled air pipe 26. It is then possible to add between the enclosure 22 and the pipe 26, an anti-splash device like that at the end 28, in order to guarantee the presence only of vapor in the pipe 26 and in the suction device at its top.
- the pump 25, the sensor 30 and the electric heater 60 are connected to a control and command unit 70.
- the sensor 30 and its operation will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.
- the sensor 30 comprises a platinum wire 32 which describes a first set of turns 33 and a second set of turns 34.
- the first set 33 is covered with a catalyst 35 to constitute a resistive measuring circuit with catalytic wire and the second set 34 is covered with a deactivator 36 to constitute a resistive reference circuit.
- the assemblies 33 and 34 are respectively protected by a ceramic coating 33.1 and 34.1 and have a common terminal 37.
- the first set 33 comprises a free terminal 38 for measurement and the second set 34 comprises a free terminal 39 for reference.
- the sensor 30 operates by measuring the electrical conductivity of the platinum wire 32.
- the catalyst 35 of the platinum wire 32 allows the fuel vapor molecules to react with the oxygen naturally present in the air. This reaction modifies the physical properties of the platinum wire and in particular its electrical conductivity and therefore the voltage between terminals 37 and 38.
- the voltage measured between terminals 37 and 39 of the reference electrode provides a stable reference for measuring the electrical conductivity of the catalytic platinum wire and thus canceling the effects of parameters environmental factors that may affect the measurement between terminals 37 and 38 such as ambient temperature and ambient pressure.
- the device of the invention follows the following steps.
- the unit 70 controls the start-up of the heater 60 in order to generate the gas phase 24.
- the column T1 takes a portion of the gas phase 24 from the enclosure 22 and brings it to the sensor 30.
- the unit 70 measures the current between the terminals 37 and 38 and performs a measurement compensation using a measurement made between the terminals 37 and 39.
- the unit 70 interprets the results obtained and detects or not the presence of fuel vapor 41 in the gas phase 24.
- the unit 70 issues an alert when the gas phase 24 contains a quantity of fuel vapor 41 greater than a predetermined threshold.
- the invention also applies to a device without a column in which the sensor would be located on a wall of the oiled air pipe or directly in the enclosure; although here the column is tapped into the pipe, the invention also applies to other connection methods between the column and the enclosure, such as a branch tee;
- the invention also applies to other types of sensors arranged to detect the presence of fuel vapor in the column, such as for example an infrared sensor or a Davy type sensor or an electrochemical detector; although here the anti-splash device comprises a membrane, the invention also applies to other types of anti-splash device such as for example a grid or a baffle; although here a heater is used to generate the gas phase, the invention also applies to a measuring device without heater, the gas phase being generated by natural evaporation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480034784.1A CN121285681A (zh) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | 用于通过气相分析来检测油中的燃料的装置 |
| EP24735285.9A EP4724682A1 (fr) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | Dispositif de détection de carburant dans l'huile par analyse de phase gazeuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2305644 | 2023-06-06 | ||
| FR2305644A FR3149641B1 (fr) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Dispositif de détection de carburant dans l’huile par analyse de phase gazeuse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024252096A1 true WO2024252096A1 (fr) | 2024-12-12 |
Family
ID=88068556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2024/050723 Ceased WO2024252096A1 (fr) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-05 | Dispositif de détection de carburant dans l'huile par analyse de phase gazeuse |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4724682A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121285681A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3149641B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024252096A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5578997A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1996-11-26 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation S.N.E.C.M.A. | Fuel detector for a turbojet engine oil tank |
| FR3088956A1 (fr) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-05-29 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Systeme de lubrification pour turbomachine d’aeronef, comprenant des moyens ameliores de detection de fuite |
| US10704734B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2020-07-07 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for determining lubricant contamination or deterioration in an engine |
| US20210189961A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Air/oil mixture separation systems for gas turbine engines |
| US11492927B2 (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2022-11-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Oil tank system |
-
2023
- 2023-06-06 FR FR2305644A patent/FR3149641B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-06-05 CN CN202480034784.1A patent/CN121285681A/zh active Pending
- 2024-06-05 WO PCT/FR2024/050723 patent/WO2024252096A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-05 EP EP24735285.9A patent/EP4724682A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5578997A (en) * | 1992-11-04 | 1996-11-26 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation S.N.E.C.M.A. | Fuel detector for a turbojet engine oil tank |
| US10704734B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2020-07-07 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for determining lubricant contamination or deterioration in an engine |
| US11492927B2 (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2022-11-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Oil tank system |
| FR3088956A1 (fr) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-05-29 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Systeme de lubrification pour turbomachine d’aeronef, comprenant des moyens ameliores de detection de fuite |
| US20210189961A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Air/oil mixture separation systems for gas turbine engines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3149641B1 (fr) | 2025-05-23 |
| EP4724682A1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
| FR3149641A1 (fr) | 2024-12-13 |
| CN121285681A (zh) | 2026-01-06 |
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