WO2024240282A1 - Bedieneinheit, verfahren zur funktionsüberprüfung einer magnetrheologischen bremse, computerprogrammprodukt und steer-by-wire-system - Google Patents
Bedieneinheit, verfahren zur funktionsüberprüfung einer magnetrheologischen bremse, computerprogrammprodukt und steer-by-wire-system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024240282A1 WO2024240282A1 PCT/DE2024/100321 DE2024100321W WO2024240282A1 WO 2024240282 A1 WO2024240282 A1 WO 2024240282A1 DE 2024100321 W DE2024100321 W DE 2024100321W WO 2024240282 A1 WO2024240282 A1 WO 2024240282A1
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- Prior art keywords
- torque
- magneto
- brake
- control unit
- test
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
- B62D5/005—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup means for generating torque on steering wheel or input member, e.g. feedback
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/0481—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an operating unit for influencing a driving direction of a motor vehicle by a user, comprising a rotatably mounted steering shaft which can be coupled to a steering means, as well as a force feedback actuator which is connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and a magneto-rheological brake which is also connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and a control unit for controlling the operating unit.
- the invention further relates to a method for functional testing of a magneto-rheological brake, a computer program product and a steer-by-wire system.
- Electric steering devices are used - among other things in motor vehicles - to receive a driver's desired direction and to convert it into corresponding movements of one or more wheels.
- electrically assisted steering devices and fully electric steering devices, so-called "steer-by-wire" steering devices.
- These steer-by-wire steering devices in particular have the advantage that the control unit can be positioned relatively freely within the vehicle, independent of mechanical connecting components, which, in addition to saving costs when distinguishing between right- and left-hand drive vehicles, for example, also leads to improved accident behavior due to the lack of a steering column.
- the control unit can be put into a stowed position, which is also used for fully automatic steering, for example.
- a steer-by-wire steering system in the sense of the present invention is a steering system which essentially consists of a so-called hand wheel actuator (HWA), for example the actuator system around the commanding vehicle steering wheel, and a road wheel actuator (RWA), i.e. the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 2 - with the steering mechanism connected to the vehicle wheels.
- the steering signal is transmitted by wire from the HWA to the RWA.
- HWA hand wheel actuator
- RWA road wheel actuator
- the force feedback actuator is integrated in the input unit and has an actuator unit which includes an actuator that serves as a manual torque or steering wheel actuator and which, depending on the feedback signal, couples a feedback torque (feedback torque) that at least partially corresponds to the real reaction torque into the steering wheel via the steering shaft.
- a partial feedback torque is particularly suitable when other, possibly controllable components such as springs or brakes, provide additional feedback torques.
- Feedback torque is understood to mean both directions of action, i.e. also that the feedback actuator can be rotated by the driver as an adjustable load.
- Such "force feedback" systems give the driver the impression of a real driving situation as with conventional steering, which makes intuitive reaction easier.
- DE 102008036730 A1 discloses a steer-by-wire steering system with an input unit that has an actuator unit driven by an electric motor.
- the electric motor can be controlled by an electronic control unit that adjusts the motor current depending on measured values that characterize the respective driving situation.
- the motor shaft is coupled directly to the steering shaft, so the motor torque is identical to the manual torque coupled into the steering shaft.
- the electric motor is flanged axially to the casing unit with respect to the longitudinal axis and the motor shaft is connected via a coupling to the steering shaft mounted in the casing unit.
- An actuator unit with a similar design is shown in EP 2414211 B1. In the design described therein, the steering shaft itself forms the motor shaft of the electric motor, so that a more compact design can be realized.
- CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 3 - it is also known to provide electric motor-operated force feedback actuators with a gear for improved adaptation of speeds or torques.
- electric motors with a worm drive at the end of the steering column are known, which are connected to the steering wheel by means of a shaft.
- An example of this embodiment can be found in DE102018101528B4.
- With these gears comparatively high gear ratios and thus high torques can be achieved or maintained, but the relatively large installation space requirement and the angled design are often disadvantageous.
- force feedback actuators coupled with a worm drive usually have to be optimized with a high level of precision and material selection in terms of friction (usually too high) and uniformity of friction (usually too uneven).
- the object of the invention is to provide an operating unit for influencing the direction of travel of a motor vehicle by a user, which can detect such a loss of braking force of the magnetorheological brake and initiate countermeasures and/or warning measures. It is also the object of the invention to realize an optimized method for functional testing of a magnetorheological brake and to provide a correspondingly improved computer program product and steer-by-wire system.
- an operating unit for influencing a driving direction of a motor vehicle by a user comprising a rotatably mounted steering shaft, which can be coupled to a steering means, as well as a force feedback actuator, which is connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and a magneto-rheological brake, which is also connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and a control unit for controlling the operating unit, wherein the control unit is set up to call up and execute a program for a functional test of the magneto-rheological brake after a trigger signal, wherein the control unit provides an error signal when it detects that a predefined braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake has fallen below, wherein the program is configured CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 5 - is that the force feedback actuator provides a motor torque MEM and the magneto-rheological brake is subjected to a test torque MR and the actual parameter representing the braking effect is the angular position of the magneto-r
- the magneto-rheological brake can be designed as an external rotor or an internal rotor.
- the magneto-rheological brake can provide a magnetic field by means of an energizable electromagnet and/or a permanent magnet, whereby the magnetic field acts on a magneto-rheological medium.
- the strength of the magnetic field acting on the magnetorheological medium can be adjustable.
- the magnetorheological brake can be designed as a powder brake, which is based on the known effect that, for example, iron powder clumps together under the action of a magnetic field or forms threads along the field lines. These threads or clumps generate a braking force or braking torque through magnetic adhesion between a moving and a stationary iron part.
- the braking effect drops as desired, which is based on the one hand on the then beginning isolation of the typically 10-100 ⁇ m small particles, and on the other hand on the particle displacement from the shear zones to neighboring rest zones.
- There is a magnetic field gradient in the rest zones so that when the brake is activated the particles migrate from the rest zones back to the shear zones.
- the magnetorheological powder CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 6 - is therefore surrounded by air or a gas, which is easily compressible and has a low viscosity.
- the medium can be a liquid and particularly preferably a magnetorheological fluid.
- Magnetorheological fluids have the property that they can change their viscosity by several orders of magnitude depending on the magnetic field passing through them.
- the term "magnetorheological fluid” (MRF) refers to liquids that react to a magnetic field in a similar way to ferrofluids, but in contrast to them, solidify. Magnetorheological fluids consist, for example, of a suspension of micrometer-sized magnetic particles that are one to three orders of magnitude larger than the particles of ferrofluids.
- the relatively large particles of the magnetorheological fluids form chains when a magnetic field is applied. This increases the viscosity of the MRF and can even solidify it if the applied pressure force is not large enough to break the chains.
- the use of the control unit in a HWA (handwheel actuator) of a steer-by-wire system is particularly preferred.
- the steering shaft can be connected to a steering means in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the steering means can preferably be designed as a steering wheel. In principle, it would also be possible to design the steering means as a steering bracket.
- the control unit can also have a control unit.
- a control unit as used in the present invention is used in particular for the electronic control and/or regulation of one or more technical systems of the operating unit, in particular the force feedback actuator and/or the magneto-rheological brake.
- a control unit has in particular a wired or wireless signal input for receiving in particular electrical signals, such as a trigger signal and/or sensor signals.
- CONFIDENTIAL has P230206 - 7 -
- a control unit also preferably has a wired or wireless signal output for transmitting electrical signals in particular, for example to the force feedback actuator and/or the magneto-rheological brake or other electrical consumers of the operating unit. Control operations and/or regulation operations can be carried out within the control unit. It is particularly preferred that the control unit comprises hardware that is designed to execute software.
- the control unit preferably comprises at least one electronic processor for executing program sequences defined in software.
- the control unit can also have one or more electronic memories in which the data contained in the signals transmitted to the control unit can be stored and read out again.
- the control unit can also have one or more electronic memories in which data can be stored in a changeable and/or unchangeable manner.
- a control unit can comprise a plurality of control devices, which are arranged in particular spatially separated from one another in or on the operating unit or in the motor vehicle.
- Control units are also referred to as electronic control units (ECUs) or electronic control modules (ECMs) and preferably have electronic microcontrollers for carrying out computing operations for processing data, particularly preferably using software.
- the control units can preferably be networked with one another, so that a wired and/or wireless data exchange between control units is possible. In particular, it is also possible to network the control units with one another via bus systems present in the motor vehicle, such as CAN bus or LIN bus.
- the control unit most preferably has at least one processor and at least one memory, which in particular contains a computer program code, wherein the memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the control unit to execute the computer program code with the processor.
- the control unit can particularly preferably comprise a power electronics module for supplying current to the force feedback actuator and/or the magneto-rheological brake.
- a power electronics module is preferably a combination of different components which control or regulate a current to the electrical machine, preferably including the peripheral components required for this purpose, such as cooling elements or power supplies.
- the power electronics module contains power electronics or one or more power electronics components which are designed to control or regulate a current. These are particularly preferably one or more power switches, e.g. power transistors.
- the control unit is preferably designed such that, after receiving a trigger signal, it calls up and executes a program for a functional test of the magneto-rheological brake. In principle, it would also be conceivable for the functional test of the magneto-rheological brake to be carried out partially or completely by means of an electronic circuit.
- the object of the invention can also be achieved by a method for functional testing of a magnetrheological brake of an operating unit for influencing a driving direction of a motor vehicle by a user, wherein the operating unit • has a rotatably mounted steering shaft which can be coupled to a steering means, and • a force feedback actuator which is connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and • a magnetrheological brake which is also connected to the steering shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, and • a control unit for controlling the operating unit, wherein the method comprises the following steps: • receiving a trigger signal to initialize the functional test, CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 9 - • Determination of an actual parameter representing the braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake and • comparison of the determined actual parameter with a predefined target parameter and • if there is a predefined deviation between the actual parameter and the target parameter, provision of an error signal, • whereby to determine the braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake, the control unit is
- an angular position of the magneto-rheological brake is used as the actual parameter. It is therefore intended that the control unit is configured in such a way that the force feedback actuator provides a motor torque MEM and the magneto-rheological brake is subjected to a test torque MR and the actual parameter representing the braking effect represents the angular position of the magneto-rheological brake when the test torque MR is applied.
- an electric motor can be used as a force feedback actuator, whereby it is then observed whether, with an expected braking torque or energization of the magneto-rheological brake, a slightly larger torque applied for a short time by the force feedback actuator leads to the steering shaft starting to rotate.
- a trigger signal is sent to the control unit, which then, for example, starts a program for the functional test of the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 10 - magnetrheological brake in the control unit is called up and executed so that in a temporal/causal sequence the magnetrheological brake is controlled with a (low) test torque MR (including basic friction) and the force feedback actuator is briefly (0.1-1s) controlled with a motor torque MEM that is preferably similar to the test torque MR.
- the motor torque MEM of the electric motor is slightly greater than the test torque of the magnetrheological brake MR, so that a slow rotational movement of the steering shaft and thus of the rotor of the magnetrheological brake can be expected to begin.
- the motor torque MEM of the force feedback actuator is preferably between 0.1 - 1.0 Nm.
- the test torque MR of the magnetrheological brake is between 0.1 - 1.0 Nm.
- the motor torque MEM of the electric motor is preferably slightly greater than the test torque of the magneto-rheological brake MR.
- the angle of rotation of the rotor of the electric motor can be determined, which can preferably already be done by commutation of the electric motor. This allows the angle change W compared to the starting state to be recorded. If the angle change exceeds a predefined threshold during the functional test, in a preferred embodiment of the invention the motor current supply is terminated prematurely in order to avoid excessive angle changes during the functional test of the magneto-rheological brake, which would then also be unpleasantly noticeable to a user via the steering means. If a corresponding termination occurs during the functional test due to an angle being exceeded, the time until the termination can also be used as an actual parameter to determine the braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake.
- angle thresholds between 1°-5° are preferable, as they offer a good compromise between test accuracy and limiting the steering shaft deflection when testing the functionality of the magneto-rheological brake.
- CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 11 The method for functional testing of a magneto-rheological brake of an operating unit by means of a change in angular position can also be used for permanent magnet-assisted magneto-rheological brakes or for magneto-rheological brakes with mechanical constant basic friction. It is then also conceivable that several torque levels are tested, e.g. the basic friction and the actuated friction.
- a significant advantage of the method for functional testing of a magneto-rheological brake by means of the described monitoring of the angular position is that the method can be carried out with the components of the operating unit that are usually present, which makes such a method particularly economically interesting.
- the invention can also be further developed in such a way that the force feedback actuator comprises an electric motor that can be energized by the control unit, so that the steering shaft can be subjected to a motor torque MEM by the electric motor.
- the motor torque MEM of the force feedback actuator preferably corresponds to 1.0001-1.2000, particularly preferably 1.0010-1.1000 times the test torque MR of the magneto-rheological brake.
- the actual parameter representing an angular position of the magneto-rheological brake can be determined by means of a rotor position sensor provided for commutation of the electric motor. This means that a rotor position sensor that is already usually present can be used to determine the angular position, which can reduce the corresponding manufacturing costs of the system.
- both the commutated electric motor and the magneto-rheological brake are based on CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 12 - a common steering shaft or are connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner, the angular position can also be determined in the electric motor and not necessarily on or in the magneto-rheological brake.
- the magneto-rheological brake can preferably be energized. In principle, however, it is also possible for the magneto-rheological brake to have a currentless basic braking torque, which can also serve as the test torque MR.
- a magnetic resistance and/or the inductance can be used as an actual parameter in addition to the angular position. This makes it possible to check or validate the functional test of the magneto-rheological brake based on the angular position with an additional actual parameter, which can contribute to an improved, redundant, functional test of a safety-relevant function of the operating unit.
- a correspondingly supplemented diagnosis of the functionality of the magnetrheological brake can also be carried out on the presence of the magnetrheological medium through its influence on the magnetic resistance or inductance when the magnetrheological medium forms chains.
- the magnetrheological medium for example a magnetrheological powder, has a higher magnetic resistance before the effect of a magnetic field than the magnetrheological chains formed after the magnetic field has acted on the magnetrheological medium.
- a magnetrheological brake for example, a powdered magnetrheological medium can be kept ready in “valleys” so that when the magnetic field acts, it only has to "climb up the mountains” to form the corresponding magnetrheological chains there, which then generate the braking torque between the stationary and moving brake parts.
- "Mountains” are understood here to be the zones on the moving or stationary brake component where CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 13 - in which the gap between the stationary and moving parts of the brake is particularly small.
- the current I(t) flowing through the excitation coil of the magneto-rheological brake is measured, e.g. inductively or as a voltage drop across a measuring resistor.
- This current curve I(t) can then be analyzed with regard to the existence of a curve that deviates from a target curve, e.g. without a minimum Im at time tm in a predetermined time window t1...t2. This minimum is indicative that the powder particles of the magnetorheological medium form chains through which the magnetic resistance decreases. If the minimum Im is missing and/or if a time tm outside t1...t2 exists and/or if the value of Im is too high, an error signal can be output.
- This error is, for example, indicative of a loss of magnetorheological particles, for example due to a seal failure, and/or a loss of their magnetic properties, for example due to oxidation and/or a loss of their mobility, for example due to clumping.
- This type of error is indicative of metal abrasion in the magnet-rheological shear gap between the rotor and stator of the brake, or the shear gap surfaces touching each other unintentionally.
- a low measuring voltage or measuring current CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 14 - is applied to the magneto-rheological brake for a limited time and the electrical resistance R0 of the brake's excitation coil is determined.
- an error signal can be output if the R0 value is too small (indicating an electrical short circuit) or too large (indicating an electrical cable break).
- the method for checking the functionality of a magneto-rheological brake of a control unit, in which a magnetic resistance and/or the inductance is used as the actual parameter can also be used for permanent magnet-assisted brakes and is selectively sensitive to the presence of the magneto-rheological medium.
- the voltage curve over time - analogous to the current curve described above - must be measured and analyzed.
- An advantage of this method variant is the provision of a purely electrical method without the need for mechanically moving components.
- the electrical resistance between the rotor and stator of the magnetrheological brake can be used as an actual parameter in addition to the angular position. This also makes it possible to check or validate the functional test of the magnetrheological brake based on the angular position using an additional actual parameter, which can contribute to an improved, redundant, functional test of a safety-relevant function of the operating unit.
- the actual parameter representing the braking effect corresponds to an electrical resistance between a rotor and a stator of the magneto-rheological brake.
- the rotor and stator of the magneto-rheological brake can be electrically insulated, e.g. by plastic sleeves on the bearing seats, and/or an elastomer coupling between the rotor and the steering shaft.
- a test voltage can then be applied to the rotor via a sliding contact, for example, whereby no or only a small current flows to the stator, since the conductive particles of the magneto-rheological medium only form a loose bed. If the flowing current is too high, i.e.
- a test magnetic field can then be activated, in particular by energizing the excitation coil of the magnetrheological brake, and the increase in the test current can be measured, since the magnetic field creates electrically conductive chains of magnetrheological particles. If the test current does not increase or does not increase sufficiently, it is assumed that there is an error, for example a lack of magnetrheological medium.
- This method is applicable both to permanent magnet-assisted brakes and to magnetrheological brakes with mechanical constant basic friction CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 16 - applicable. If necessary, several torque levels can also be tested, e.g.
- the trigger signal represents the opening of the driver's door of the motor vehicle or represents the starting of the motor vehicle, or represents the standstill of the motor vehicle, represents the switching off of the motor vehicle, represents the user leaving the motor vehicle or represents a command from a workshop test device.
- the trigger signal it is advantageous in each case for the trigger signal to occur before the control unit is used.
- a trigger signal it would also be conceivable for a trigger signal to be generated after using the control unit, for example when leaving the vehicle.
- a trigger signal can also be generated while using the control unit, for example when driving straight ahead.
- the trigger signal is sent from a higher-level control unit of the motor vehicle to the control unit of the control unit.
- the error signal causes an error memory entry and/or generates an optical and/or acoustic warning signal and/or causes a speed limit of the motor vehicle. It is also conceivable that the error signal initiates a temporary higher current supply to a force feedback actuator having an electric motor in order to eliminate the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 17 - braking torque by a higher engine torque. It can also be advantageous to further develop the invention in such a way that the magneto-rheological brake is designed as a permanently excited magneto-rheological brake.
- the advantage that can be achieved in this way is that the current required to achieve a braking torque is lower and, in the event of a fault, a basic friction suitable for emergency operation is present.
- the object of the invention can also be achieved by a computer program product that is stored on a machine-readable carrier or computer data signal, embodied by an electromagnetic wave, with a computer program code that is suitable for carrying out a method according to one of claims 2-8.
- the object of the invention can also be achieved by a steer-by-wire system for a motor vehicle comprising an operating unit according to one of the preceding claims and/or a control unit that is set up to carry out a method according to one of claims 1-8.
- Figure 1 a motor vehicle with a steer-by-wire system in a schematic block diagram
- Figure 2 a first embodiment of an operating unit in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 3 a second embodiment of an operating unit in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 4 shows the current curve over time during a functional test of a magneto-rheological brake, in which a magnetic resistance and/or the inductance is used as the actual parameter
- Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of an operating unit in a schematic axial sectional view
- Figure 6 shows the signal curve over time during a functional test of a magneto-rheological brake, in which a mechanical braking torque or an incipient movement is used as the actual parameter
- Figure 7 shows the signal curve over time during a functional test of a magneto-rheological brake, in which a mechanical braking torque or an incipient movement is used as the actual parameter, with a first and a second curve in a separate diagram each.
- Figure 1 shows an operating unit 1 for influencing a direction of travel of a motor vehicle 2 by a user.
- the control unit 1 is integrated in a steer-by-wire system 20, so that a steering movement of the steering means 4 is electrically transmitted from the control unit 1 to an RWA 33 (road wheel actuator), which then sets the corresponding steering angle on the vehicle wheels of the vehicle axle.
- the control unit 1 has a rotatably mounted steering shaft 3 (this can also be designed as a hollow shaft or external rotor), which can be coupled to the steering means 4, as well as a force feedback actuator 5, which is also connected to the steering shaft 3 in a torque-transmitting manner.
- the control unit 1 also has a magnetrheological brake 6, which is also connected to the steering shaft 3 in a torque-transmitting manner.
- the force feedback actuator 5, the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 19 - magnetrheological brake 6 and the steering means 4 are thus on a common torque path.
- the operating unit 1 has a control unit 7 for controlling the operating unit 1, wherein the control unit 7 is set up to call up and execute a program 9 for a functional test of the magnetrheological brake 6 after a trigger signal 8, wherein the control unit 7 provides an error signal 10 when it detects that a predefined braking effect of the magnetrheological brake 6 has been undershot.
- a method for functional testing of a magneto-rheological brake 6 can be carried out using the operating unit 1 shown in Figure 2, wherein the operating unit 1 • has a rotatably mounted steering shaft 3, which can be coupled to a steering means 4, and • a force feedback actuator 5, which is connected to the steering shaft 3 in a torque-transmitting manner, and • a magneto-rheological brake 6, which is also connected to the steering shaft 3 in a torque-transmitting manner, and • a control unit 7 for controlling the operating unit 1, and wherein the method comprises the following steps: • receiving a trigger signal 8 to initialize the functional test, • determining an actual parameter 11 representing the braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake 6 and • comparing the determined actual parameter 11 with a predefined target parameter 12 and • providing an error signal if there is a predefined deviation between the actual parameter 11 and the target parameter 12 10, CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 20 - • To determine the braking effect of the magneto-rheological brake 6, the control unit 7 is configured such
- the magneto-rheological brake 6 has an electromagnet with an energizable excitation coil 14, the field lines 30 of which run through the stator 16 and the rotor 15 connected to the steering shaft 3.
- the ring-shaped excitation coil 14 is accommodated in a coil carrier 18 with a U-shaped cross section, which is closed radially on the outside with the coil closure 17.
- the coil carrier 18 is closed radially on the inside by the coil closure 19.
- the coil carrier 18 and the coil closure 17 are made of a ferromagnetic material.
- the excitation coil 14, the coil carrier 18 and the coil closure 17 form the stator 16 of the brake 6.
- the stator 16 is mounted on the rotating brake shaft 23, which is part of the rotor 15, via the bearing plates 21, 22 and the roller bearings 24, 25.
- the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 21 - Electric motor 13 in turn comprises a stator 31 and a rotor 32 which can rotate relative to it and is connected to the steering shaft 3. Furthermore, the program 9 is configured such that the magneto-rheological brake 6 is subjected to the test torque MR and the actual parameter 11 representing the braking effect is the angular position of the magneto-rheological brake 6 when the test torque MR is applied. Because the motor torque MEM is only slightly higher than the test torque MR, the steering shaft 3 only rotates comparatively slowly, which can be analyzed using the rotor position sensor of the electric motor 13, which is present anyway for its commutation.
- the rotational movement of the steering shaft 3 preferably moves between 1-5° during the functional test. A larger angle of rotation >5° then indicates a loss of braking force of the magneto-rheological brake 6 and a small angle of rotation ⁇ 1° indicates excessive friction.
- the method can also be used with adapted thresholds and test torques if the magneto-rheological brake 6 generates a currentless basic braking torque.
- the trigger signal 8 can, for example, represent the opening of the driver's door of the motor vehicle 2 or the starting of the motor vehicle 2, the standstill of the motor vehicle 2, the switching off of the motor vehicle 2, a command from a workshop test device or the user leaving the motor vehicle 2.
- the error signal 10 can, for example, cause an error memory entry and/or generate an optical and/or acoustic warning signal and/or a speed limit of the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 22 - motor vehicle 2.
- torque f(current)
- Adaptation functions are common in friction controls in order to correct individual variations (adaptation during production, end-of-line) and service life changes (adaptation in the workshop or while driving in selected situations).
- the parameter R is adapted at least at the start of a vehicle operating phase or at the end of a vehicle operating phase.
- the diagnostic method of torque comparison is used and the magneto-rheological brake 6 and the electric motor 13 are energized together.
- the adaptive parameter R is limited, and reaching the limits can serve as a trigger for an error signal 10 and corresponding error entries and/or warning/emergency running functions.
- the actuator torque 43 is quickly reduced so that the rotation of the steering shaft 3 is stopped or even reversed.
- the adaptation can take place with a ramp-shaped course of the actuator torque 43 (as shown), as well as with other courses (steps, ...), as long as there are the two phases " ⁇ braking torque 42" and ">braking torque 42".
- the braking torque 42 can be controlled either constantly (as shown) or with a decreasing ramp or in another way, as long as there are two phases “ ⁇ braking torque 42" and ">braking torque 42".
- the control can also vary before the start of phase 1, e.g. by first switching on the actuator torque 43 or the braking torque 42.
- f -1 symbolizes the mathematical inverse function or the inverse interpolation of the corresponding lookup table. The increase can be made in stages or depending on the actual rotational movement achieved, but is limited to min and max values.
- CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 24 - Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the control unit 1 in which, in addition to the actual parameter of the angular position, an additional actual parameter 11 representing the braking effect corresponds to an electrical resistance between a rotor 15 and a stator 16 of the magneto-rheological brake 6. In this case, an additional contact is made with the coil closure 17 and a sliding contact 38 to the steering shaft 3, between which a test current 41 can flow through the magneto-rheological brake 6, which is provided, for example, by the control unit 7.
- the test resistor 37 limits the test current to the sliding contact 38.
- the test current 41 can be switched on and off in a targeted manner via the switch 40 in order to be able to separate it from leakage currents, for example.
- the roller bearings 24, 25 have an electrically insulating effect between the rotor 15 and the stator 16 of the magneto-rheological brake 6, for example by means of a casing, coating, ceramic balls or the like. This ensures that the test current 41 cannot flow past the magnetrheological chains of the magnetrheological medium 29 in the gap 28 to the sliding contact 38.
- the rotor 15 and the stator 16 are thus electrically insulated, e.g. by plastic sleeves on the roller bearings 24, 25.
- a test voltage is applied to the rotor 15 via the sliding contact 38, with no or only a small test current 41 flowing to the stator 16, since the conductive magnetrheological particles of the magnetrheological medium 29 only form a loose bed. If the flowing test current 41 is too high, i.e. exceeds a specified target value, a fault is assumed, such as a clumping magnetrheological medium 29. After this, a test magnetic field is activated by energizing the excitation coil 14, and the increase in the test current 41 is measured, since the magnetic field causes electrically conductive chains of magnetrheological particles to form in the gap 28 between the rotor 15 and the stator 16 of the magnetrheological brake 6.
- test current 41 does not increase or does not increase sufficiently, an error is assumed, such as a missing magnetorheological medium 29, and a corresponding error signal 10 is generated.
- the current supply to the excitation coil 14 can be controlled via the switch 39.
- a further diagnostic method based on the angular position is explained in more detail using the combination of Figure 2 and Figure 4, if the additional actual parameter 11 representing the braking effect corresponds to a current curve when an excitation coil 14 of the magnetorheological brake 6 is energized. In this case, the presence of the magnetorheological medium 29 can then be additionally diagnosed by its influence on the magnetic resistance or inductance when the magnetorheological medium 29 forms a chain.
- the magnetorheological medium 29, for example a magnetorheological powder, has a higher magnetic resistance before the action of a magnetic field than the magnetorheological chains formed after the action of the magnetic field on the magnetorheological medium 29.
- the current I(t) flowing through the excitation coil 14 of the magnetorheological brake 6 is measured, e.g.
- the current curve 34 is plotted for a situation with an excitation coil 14 without the presence of a magnetorheological medium 29.
- the current curve 35 which creates the situation CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 26 - of the excitation coil 14 in the presence of a magnetorheological medium 29 shows the mechanical dynamics of the chain formation of the magnetorheological particles current minimum 36 between t1...t2.
- This current profile I(t) which is also sketched in Figure 4, can then be analyzed with regard to the existence of a minimum 36 Im at the time tm in a predetermined time window t1...t2.
- This minimum 36 is indicative of the fact that the powder particles of the magnetorheological medium 29 form chains, through which the magnetic resistance decreases. If the minimum 36 is missing and/or if a time tm outside t1...t2 exists and/or if the value of Im is too high, an error signal 10 can be output.
- This error is, for example, indicative of a loss of magnetrheological particles, for example due to a seal failure, and/or a loss of their magnetic properties, for example due to oxidation and/or a loss of their mobility, for example due to clumping.
- an error signal 10 is generated and provided. This type of error is indicative of the fact that metal abrasion has formed in the magnetrheological gap 28 between the rotor 15 and stator 16 of the brake 6, or that the shear gap surfaces are inadvertently touching. It can also be provided that a low measuring voltage or measuring current is applied to the magnetrheological brake 6 for a limited time, and the electrical resistance R 0 of the excitation coil 14 of the brake 6 is determined.
- an error signal 10 can be output.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures. The above description is therefore not to be regarded as restrictive, but as explanatory.
- the following patent claims are to be understood in such a way that a named feature in at least one embodiment of the CONFIDENTIAL P230206 - 27 - invention. This does not exclude the presence of further features. If the patent claims and the above description define 'first' and 'second' features, this designation serves to distinguish between two similar features without establishing a ranking.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020257042522A KR20260018866A (ko) | 2023-05-22 | 2024-04-16 | 작동 유닛, 자기유변 브레이크의 기능의 시험 방법, 컴퓨터 프로그램 제품, 및 와이어-조향 시스템 |
| CN202480026215.2A CN121001920A (zh) | 2023-05-22 | 2024-04-16 | 操作单元、用于测试磁流变制动器的功能性的方法、计算机程序产品以及线控转向式系统 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023113235.0A DE102023113235A1 (de) | 2023-05-22 | 2023-05-22 | Bedieneinheit, Verfahren zur Funktionsüberprüfung einer magnetrheologischen Bremse, Computerprogrammprodukt und Steer-by-Wire-System |
| DE102023113235.0 | 2023-05-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024240282A1 true WO2024240282A1 (de) | 2024-11-28 |
Family
ID=90880750
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2024/100321 Ceased WO2024240282A1 (de) | 2023-05-22 | 2024-04-16 | Bedieneinheit, verfahren zur funktionsüberprüfung einer magnetrheologischen bremse, computerprogrammprodukt und steer-by-wire-system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20260018866A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121001920A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023113235A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024240282A1 (de) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6678595B2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2004-01-13 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | System and method of simulating a steering resistance torque on a vehicle steering wheel |
| DE102008036730A1 (de) | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aktuatoreinheit für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Steer-by-Wire-Lenkeinrichtung |
| EP2414211B1 (de) | 2009-04-01 | 2013-01-09 | Leopold Kostal GmbH & Co. KG | Lenksäule für kraftfahrzeuge |
| DE102018101528B4 (de) | 2018-01-24 | 2019-12-12 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Lenksäule für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| EP3476692B1 (de) | 2017-10-26 | 2020-12-02 | FERRARI S.p.A. | Steer-by-wire-strassenfahrzeuglenksystem mit einem ausziehbaren stützelement für das lenkrad |
| CN112644580A (zh) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-13 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种线控转向管柱及线控转向控制方法 |
| CN215706606U (zh) | 2021-06-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种电动调节的转向柱 |
| EP3960583A1 (de) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-02 | Lotus Tech Innovation Centre GmbH | Steer-by-wire-lenksystem mit ausseraxialer lenksystemstützsäule |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6557662B1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2003-05-06 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Magneto-rheological simulated steering feel system |
-
2023
- 2023-05-22 DE DE102023113235.0A patent/DE102023113235A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-04-16 KR KR1020257042522A patent/KR20260018866A/ko active Pending
- 2024-04-16 CN CN202480026215.2A patent/CN121001920A/zh active Pending
- 2024-04-16 WO PCT/DE2024/100321 patent/WO2024240282A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6678595B2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2004-01-13 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | System and method of simulating a steering resistance torque on a vehicle steering wheel |
| DE102008036730A1 (de) | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aktuatoreinheit für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Steer-by-Wire-Lenkeinrichtung |
| EP2414211B1 (de) | 2009-04-01 | 2013-01-09 | Leopold Kostal GmbH & Co. KG | Lenksäule für kraftfahrzeuge |
| EP3476692B1 (de) | 2017-10-26 | 2020-12-02 | FERRARI S.p.A. | Steer-by-wire-strassenfahrzeuglenksystem mit einem ausziehbaren stützelement für das lenkrad |
| DE102018101528B4 (de) | 2018-01-24 | 2019-12-12 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Lenksäule für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| EP3960583A1 (de) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-02 | Lotus Tech Innovation Centre GmbH | Steer-by-wire-lenksystem mit ausseraxialer lenksystemstützsäule |
| CN112644580A (zh) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-13 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种线控转向管柱及线控转向控制方法 |
| CN215706606U (zh) | 2021-06-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种电动调节的转向柱 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102023113235A1 (de) | 2024-11-28 |
| CN121001920A (zh) | 2025-11-21 |
| KR20260018866A (ko) | 2026-02-09 |
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