WO2024236151A1 - Soubassement pour véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride et procédé de montage d'un tel soubassement - Google Patents
Soubassement pour véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride et procédé de montage d'un tel soubassement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024236151A1 WO2024236151A1 PCT/EP2024/063611 EP2024063611W WO2024236151A1 WO 2024236151 A1 WO2024236151 A1 WO 2024236151A1 EP 2024063611 W EP2024063611 W EP 2024063611W WO 2024236151 A1 WO2024236151 A1 WO 2024236151A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- upper floor
- fixing
- battery modules
- motor vehicle
- closing plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
Definitions
- TITLE Underbody for electric or hybrid motor vehicle and method of mounting such an underbody
- the present invention relates, in general, to electric or hybrid vehicles and, in particular, to the sealing of an electrical energy storage zone intended to accommodate battery modules of such vehicles.
- the invention relates to a base for an electric or hybrid vehicle, to an electric or hybrid vehicle comprising such a base, as well as to a method of mounting such a base in an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- This housing is waterproof and ensures the function of storing and maintaining the cells in the vehicle, generally by including intermediate packaging called modules. It also contributes to the protection of the cells in frontal and side impacts.
- the external housing present under the floor is removed in order to maximize the available volume of the electrical energy storage area intended to receive the battery cells.
- the underbody is reconfigured and itself forms a structural enclosure for receiving the battery cells.
- the battery modules are positioned under the upper floor.
- Certain sealing requirements are imposed on the electrical energy storage area. It must be temperature and pressure-tight with respect to the passenger compartment in order to resist potential thermal runaway of the battery cells and protect the passengers present in the vehicle.
- GTR-EVS Global Technical Regulations - Electric Vehicle Safety
- the removal of the housing results in the removal of the sealing of the electrical energy storage area intended to accommodate the battery modules.
- the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks and to propose a base and a mounting method making it possible to maintain the seal between the passenger compartment of an electric or hybrid vehicle and the electrical energy storage area arranged under the upper floor and intended to receive battery modules.
- a subframe for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising: an upper floor comprising an upper face and a lower face opposite the upper face, one or more fixing members configured to suspend battery modules, the fixing members being fixed by welding on the lower face of the upper floor; and a plurality of central crossmembers positioned on the upper face of the upper floor, the central crossmembers being fixed on the upper face of the floor by welding or the central crossmembers forming a single-piece structure with the upper floor.
- the base comprises an electrical energy storage area intended to receive battery modules, the electrical energy storage area being delimited by the upper floor and a lower closing plate.
- the base may comprise at least one first sealing means arranged between the upper floor and the lower closing plate.
- the upper floor may comprise a central platform and a perimeter extending respectively in two distinct planes to form a hollow body capable of receiving battery modules, the perimeter comprising a first zone extending continuously on said upper face and a second zone extending continuously on said lower face.
- the first sealing means is arranged between the second area of the upper floor perimeter and the lower closing plate.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a base as described above.
- the invention also relates to a method for mounting a subframe as described above in an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, the mounting method comprising the following steps: optionally, fixing by welding the central crossmembers on the upper face of the upper floor when the central crossmembers and the upper floor do not form a single-piece structure; fixing by welding on the lower face of the upper floor of the fixing members configured to suspend battery modules; and fixing the upper floor on the motor vehicle by screwing the central crossmembers, in particular on additional crossmembers of the subframe.
- the assembly method may comprise, after fixing the upper floor to the motor vehicle, fixing the battery modules to the fixing members (5), in particular by screwing.
- the assembly method may comprise, after fixing the battery modules to the fixing members (5), the following successive steps: the installation of a first sealing means; and the fixing, in particular by screwing, of a lower closing plate delimiting with the upper floor an electrical energy storage zone intended to receive the battery modules, the first sealing means being arranged between the upper floor and the lower closing plate.
- the assembly method may comprise, before fixing the upper floor to the motor vehicle, fixing the battery modules to the fixing members, in particular by screwing.
- the assembly method may comprise, after fixing the battery modules to the fixing members, and before fixing the upper floor to the motor vehicle, the following successive steps: the installation of a first sealing means; and the fixing, in particular by screwing, of a lower closing plate delimiting with the upper floor an electrical energy storage zone intended to receive the battery modules, the first sealing means being arranged between the upper floor and the lower closing plate.
- FIG 1 illustrates a base for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention shown in longitudinal section.
- FIG 2 is a cross-section of the base shown in Figure 1.
- FIG 3 is a detailed perspective view of a battery module suspended from two mounting members of the base shown in Figure 1.
- FIG 4 is a detailed bottom view of battery modules suspended from the underbody mountings shown in Figure 1.
- FIG 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an upper floor of the basement shown in Figure 1.
- FIG 6 is a cross-sectional view of an upper floor of the basement shown in Figure 1.
- FIG 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of mounting a base for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of mounting a base for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention.
- transverse axis Y horizontal, perpendicular to the X axis and directed from the left to the right of the vehicle moving forward;
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a base 1 for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle in section along, respectively, the longitudinal axis X and the transverse axis Y.
- the base 1 comprises an upper floor 2 comprising an upper face 2a and a lower face 2b opposite the upper face 2a.
- the base 1 can also comprise a central frame positioned on the periphery of the upper floor 2 and comprising a front cross member 7, a rear cross member 8 and left and right side skirts 3.
- sill we mean in the present invention a structural element which extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on each side of the upper floor 2, in particular below the doors of the vehicle.
- a plurality of central crosspieces 4 are fixed to the upper face 2a of the upper floor 2.
- the ends of the central crosspieces 4 are connected by embedding to the left and right side flaps 3.
- the central crosspieces 4 may be provided in sufficient number to cover the entire length of the upper floor 2 and thus to compensate for lateral impacts whatever their position.
- the central crosspieces 4 can include crosspieces for reinforcing the upper floor 2 in the event of a side impact and fixing crosspieces intended for fixing seats of the motor vehicle.
- An electrical energy storage area ZE intended to receive battery modules is advantageously provided under the upper floor 2.
- the upper floor 2 forms a sealing barrier between the electrical energy storage area ZE and the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
- the central crosspieces 4 are fixed to the upper face 2a of the upper floor 2 by welding, that is to say by means of welding points or beads. This makes it possible to avoid removing the seal formed by the upper floor 2 piercing the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the central crosspieces 4 and the upper floor 2 can be single-piece so that the central crosspieces 4 are directly integrated into the upper floor 2 and the upper floor 2 integrates the dual function of floor and reinforcing crosspieces.
- Fastening members 5 configured to suspend at least one battery module 6 under the upper floor 2 are housed in the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the battery module 6 is supported in its upper part positioned facing the upper floor 2 by the fixing member 5 so that the battery module 6 is suspended from the fixing member 5 without it being necessary for the battery module 6 to rest on a base.
- the fixing members 5 are fixed to the lower face 2b of the upper floor 2 by welding, that is to say by means of welding points or beads. This makes it possible to avoid removing the seal formed by the upper floor 2 piercing the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- each fixing member 5 comprises a beam extending longitudinally along a longitudinal axis of the upper floor 2 in the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the beam of the fixing member 5 has, for example, a substantially omega-shaped cross-section whose free ends advantageously allow the fixing member 5 to be fixed to the lower face 2b of the upper floor 2.
- the beam may be formed from a sheet, such as a stamped or profiled steel sheet.
- the base advantageously comprises means F1 for fixing the battery modules 6 to the fixing members 5.
- the battery modules 6 may comprise at least one fixing lug 6a configured to cooperate with one of the fixing members 5 for suspension of the battery module 6 to the fixing member 5.
- the illustrated battery modules 6 include a plurality of mounting tabs 6a.
- the fixing of the battery modules 6 on the fixing members 5 is carried out by screwing.
- the means F1 for fixing the battery modules 6 to the fixing members 5 comprise, for example, a plurality of screw and nut assemblies.
- Each fixing lug 6a may advantageously comprise a hole configured to cooperate with a hole formed in a section of the beam for screwing the battery modules 6 onto the fixing members 5.
- the screwing of the fixing lugs 6a is carried out on a lower edge of the fixing members 5 positioned in a direction opposite to the upper floor 2.
- Each battery module 6 comprises a first row of fixing lugs 6a and a second row of fixing lugs 6a extending along the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle, and positioned, respectively, on first and second opposite lateral faces of the battery module 6.
- the fixing lugs 6a of each of the first and second rows are arranged at regular intervals over the entire length of the battery module 6 in order to distribute the weight of the battery modules 6 along the entire length of the upper floor 2.
- the fixing lugs 6a of two adjacent modules are arranged in a staggered manner.
- a lower closing plate 8 makes it possible to close the electrical energy storage area ZE, ensuring the protection of the battery modules 6, in particular against road debris.
- the electrical energy storage area ZE is thus delimited by the upper floor 2 and the lower closing plate 8 when the latter two are assembled.
- the lower closing plate 9 is, advantageously, substantially flat.
- the base 1 advantageously comprises means F2 for fixing the lower closing plate 8 to the upper floor 2.
- the fixing means F2 of the lower closing plate 9 on the upper floor 2 comprise, for example, a plurality of screw and nut assemblies, for fixing the lower closing plate 9 on the upper floor 2 by screwing.
- the upper floor 2 comprises a central platform 10 and a perimeter 11, connected by a side 12, extending respectively in two distinct planes to form a hollow body capable of receiving the battery modules 6.
- the hollow body formed by the upper floor 2 takes the shape of a bell or even a bowl.
- a plurality of orifices are provided on the periphery 11 of the upper floor 2, and each screw and nut assembly of the fixing means F2 cooperates with one of these orifices.
- the central crosspieces 4 are welded to the central platform 10.
- the dimensions of the upper floor 2 are adapted to receive, and in particular to surround, at least one battery module 6.
- the height of the central platform 10 and the perimeter 11 is greater than the height of a battery module.
- each battery module 6 extends along the longitudinal axis X of the motor vehicle.
- the central platform 10 and the perimeter 11 are in one piece in order to form a first sealed protection for the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the upper floor 2 preferably comprises a material having an elastic limit of a value greater than or equal to 400 mPa, preferably greater than or equal to 1000 mPa, such as steel, in order to give the upper floor 2 sufficient bending stiffness to withstand a lateral impact.
- a vertical clearance J1 remains between each battery module 6, fixed to the upper floor 2 by means of a fixing member 5, and the lower closing plate 9.
- the bottom plate 9 comprises, for example, aluminum and/or a fiber-reinforced plastic material.
- each fixing member 5 comprises an electrically insulating material in order to electrically insulate the battery modules 6 from the upper floor 2.
- a vertical clearance J2 remains between each battery module 6 housed in the electrical energy storage zone ZE and the upper floor 2 in order to electrically isolate the battery module 6 from the upper floor 2.
- the base 1 may comprise an insulating foam (not shown), in particular for thermal protection, surrounding the battery modules 6 in the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 comprises a first zone 11a, arranged on the upper face 2a, extending continuously.
- the perimeter 11 also comprises a second zone 11b, opposite the first zone 11a, arranged on the lower face 2b, and extending continuously.
- continuous zone is meant an area where the material of the upper floor 2 forms a continuity, without opening or orifice, extending all along the perimeter 1 1 so as to form a single closed track.
- a first sealing means is arranged between the upper floor 2 and the lower closing plate 9 in order to ensure the sealing of the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the second zone 11b is intended to receive the first sealing means 13.
- a second sealing means is arranged between the central frame and the upper floor 2 in order to ensure the sealing of the passenger compartment of the vehicle with respect to the exterior of the vehicle.
- the first zone 1 i a is intended to receive the second sealing means 14.
- the first and second zones 11a and 11b are thus configured to each form a single sealing track, continuous along the entire perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2.
- first and second sealing means 13 and 14 each comprise a seal.
- the sealing joint of the first and second sealing means 13 and 14 can be made of mastic.
- the first zone 1 forms, in addition to a sealing track for the second sealing means 14, an assembly and docking zone of the upper floor 2 on the central frame during the assembly of the various constituent parts of the base 1.
- the second sealing means 14 is gripped between the first zone 11a of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 and the central frame.
- the first sealing means 13 is gripped between the second zone 11b of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 and the perimeter of the lower closing plate 9.
- the fixing means F2 of the lower closing plate 9 on the upper floor 2 also make it possible to fix the upper floor 2 on the central frame.
- the holes provided on the periphery 11 of the upper floor 2 and the fixing means F2, which allow the fixing of the upper floor 2 on the central frame and on the lower closing plate 9, are arranged between the first and second sealing zones 11a and 11b.
- the central platform 10 and the perimeter 11 extend in two substantially parallel planes.
- the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2, the face of the central frame intended for docking with the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 and the perimeter of the lower closing plate 9 are substantially flat.
- the various means of sealing the electrical energy storage area allowing sealing of the electrical energy storage area ZE with respect to the interior of the vehicle passenger compartment and vice versa are advantageously carried by a single piece formed by the upper floor 2.
- the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 forms a multifunctional zone making it possible to form sealing tracks as well as the docking of the upper floor 2 on the rest of the base 1.
- the electrical energy storage area ZE may comprise a space 15, which may for example be delimited by a box, for the storage of electrotechnical elements such as electric cables, or a device for cooling the battery modules 6.
- Upper floor 2 can be manufactured by stamping.
- the central crosspieces 4 are fixed by fixing means F3 on additional crosspieces 16 of the base 1.
- the central crosspieces 4 are fixed by screwing.
- the fixing means F3 of the central crosspieces 4 on additional crosspieces 16 comprise, for example, a plurality of screw and nut assemblies.
- the base 1 comprises a plurality of local reinforcement elements 17 intended to reinforce the mechanical resistance of the areas of the fixing members 5 crossed by the fixing means F1 of the battery modules 6.
- Each local reinforcement 17 of a fixing member 5 is positioned locally between the nut of the fixing means F1 and the fixing member 5.
- the local reinforcements 17 comprise a sheet, such as a steel sheet, substantially U-shaped so as to at least partially match the shape of the beam of the omega-shaped fixing member 5.
- the invention also relates to a method of mounting the underbody 1 on a motor vehicle.
- Figure 7 illustrates a first mode of implementation of the method of mounting the base 1.
- the central crosspieces 4 and the upper floor 2 do not form a single-piece structure so that the assembly method comprises, firstly, the fixing 100 by welding of the central crosspieces 4 on the upper face 2a of the upper floor 2.
- the method of mounting the base 1 illustrated then comprises the fixing 1 10 by welding of the fixing members 5 on the lower face 2b of the upper floor 2.
- the step 110 of fixing the fixing members 5 can be carried out before or simultaneously with the fixing 100 of the central crosspieces 4 on the upper floor 2.
- a fixing step 120 the battery modules 6 are then screwed onto the fixing members 5.
- the battery modules 6 can be fixed to the fixing members 5 by a fixing method other than screwing.
- Electrotechnical elements can also be mounted in the space 15 of the electrical energy storage zone ZE.
- the battery modules 6 and the electrotechnical elements can be mounted from outside the motor vehicle.
- the energy storage area ZE is then closed by the lower closing plate 9.
- a step 130 of installing a first sealing means 13 is carried out on the perimeter of the lower closing plate 9 or on the second zone 11b of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2.
- the first sealing means 13 installed is a seal.
- the step 130 of installing the first sealing means 13 is followed by the fixing 140 by screwing the lower closing plate 9 onto the upper floor 2.
- the first sealing means 13 is then held in a vice between the second zone 11b of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 and the perimeter of the lower closing plate 9.
- a step 150 of installing the second sealing means 14 is carried out on the central frame or on the first zone 11a of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2.
- the upper floor 2 is then mounted on the motor vehicle, in particular on the rest of the underbody 1 by a step 160 of fixing by screwing the central crosspieces 4.
- the central crosspieces 4 are fixed to the additional crosspieces 16 of the base 1.
- the fixing 160 of the upper floor 2 can be carried out from inside the passenger compartment.
- Figure 8 illustrates a second mode of implementation of the method of mounting the underbody 1 in which the battery modules 6 are only mounted under the upper floor 2 after mounting the upper floor 2 on the motor vehicle.
- the assembly method advantageously comprises a fixing step 200 by welding the central crosspieces 4 on the upper face 2a of the upper floor 2, then a fixing step 210 by welding the fixing members 5 on the lower face 2b of the upper floor 2.
- the step 210 of fixing the fixing members 5 can be carried out before or simultaneously with the fixing 200 of the central crosspieces 4 on the upper floor 2.
- a step 250 of installing the second sealing means 14 is carried out on the central frame or on the first zone 11a of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2.
- the upper floor 2 is therefore mounted on the motor vehicle, by a step 260 of fixing by screwing the central crosspieces 4.
- the central crosspieces 4 are fixed to the additional crosspieces 16 of the base 1.
- the second sealing means 14 is then held in a vice between the central frame and the first zone 11a of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2.
- the battery modules 6 are then screwed by a fixing step 220 onto the fixing members 5.
- the battery modules 6 can be fixed to the fixing members 5 by a fixing method other than screwing.
- the electrical technical elements can also be mounted in the space 15 of the electrical energy storage area ZE.
- a step 230 of installing the first sealing means 13 is preferably carried out on the periphery of the lower closing plate 9 or on the second zone 11b of the periphery 11 of the upper floor 2.
- the first sealing means 13 installed is a seal.
- the step 230 of installing the first sealing means 13 is followed by the fixing 240 by screwing the lower closing plate 9 onto the upper floor 2.
- the first sealing means 13 is then held in a vice between the second zone 11b of the perimeter 11 of the upper floor 2 and the perimeter of the lower closing plate 9.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24725234.9A EP4713242A1 (fr) | 2023-05-16 | 2024-05-16 | Soubassement pour véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride et procédé de montage d'un tel soubassement |
| CN202480032172.9A CN121100090A (zh) | 2023-05-16 | 2024-05-16 | 用于电动或混合动力机动车辆的底部车身以及用于安装这种底部车身的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2304841 | 2023-05-16 | ||
| FR2304841A FR3148771A1 (fr) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Soubassement pour véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride et procédé de montage d’un tel soubassement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024236151A1 true WO2024236151A1 (fr) | 2024-11-21 |
Family
ID=88505093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/063611 Ceased WO2024236151A1 (fr) | 2023-05-16 | 2024-05-16 | Soubassement pour véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride et procédé de montage d'un tel soubassement |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4713242A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121100090A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3148771A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024236151A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10611408B2 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Vehicle body for an electrically driven vehicle |
| US20220176791A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-06-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Stored Energy Source for a Motor Vehicle |
| US20220363122A1 (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2022-11-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Under body structure of automobile |
-
2023
- 2023-05-16 FR FR2304841A patent/FR3148771A1/fr active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-05-16 CN CN202480032172.9A patent/CN121100090A/zh active Pending
- 2024-05-16 WO PCT/EP2024/063611 patent/WO2024236151A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-05-16 EP EP24725234.9A patent/EP4713242A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10611408B2 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Vehicle body for an electrically driven vehicle |
| US20220176791A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-06-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Stored Energy Source for a Motor Vehicle |
| US20220363122A1 (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2022-11-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Under body structure of automobile |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4713242A1 (fr) | 2026-03-25 |
| CN121100090A (zh) | 2025-12-09 |
| FR3148771A1 (fr) | 2024-11-22 |
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