WO2024230528A1 - 一种包装膜及电池 - Google Patents

一种包装膜及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024230528A1
WO2024230528A1 PCT/CN2024/090307 CN2024090307W WO2024230528A1 WO 2024230528 A1 WO2024230528 A1 WO 2024230528A1 CN 2024090307 W CN2024090307 W CN 2024090307W WO 2024230528 A1 WO2024230528 A1 WO 2024230528A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
material layer
layer
packaging film
thickness
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/090307
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林文荣
李素丽
裴佳佳
贺飞
黄魏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024230528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024230528A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/325—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising polycycloolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/31—Heat sealable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7244—Oxygen barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a packaging film and a battery.
  • Soft-packaged batteries are widely used in various fields, such as mobile phones, notebooks, electric vehicles, energy storage, power tools, electronic wearable devices, etc., due to their high energy density and long battery life.
  • One of the characteristics of soft-packaged batteries is that they use aluminum-plastic composite film as the packaging shell.
  • aluminum foil is arranged in the middle of the aluminum-plastic composite film. Due to the low tensile ductility of the aluminum foil in the middle, the aluminum-plastic composite film cannot be thinned and cannot be punched deeper, resulting in the problem of low battery energy density.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a packaging film and a battery, which solve the problem of low battery energy density in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a packaging film, comprising: a first material layer, a second material layer and a third material layer stacked in sequence, the second material layer comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first material layer being bonded to the first surface, and the third material layer being bonded to the second surface;
  • the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer match each other, and the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer are aligned in sequence, the thickness of the first material layer is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, the thickness of the second material layer is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the third material layer is in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m;
  • the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer are all high molecular polymer layers.
  • the first material layer includes: one or more of polyvinylidene chloride PVDC, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, cycloolefin copolymer COC, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE and polyamide PA.
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • COC polyethylene terephthalate PET
  • polyethylene naphthalate PEN polyvinyl chloride PVC
  • polyetheretherketone PEEK polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE
  • polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE polyamide PA.
  • the second material layer includes: one or more of polyvinylidene chloride PVDC, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, cycloolefin copolymer COC, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer EVOH and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ETFE.
  • the second material layer further comprises a barrier polymer and an inorganic substance, wherein the inorganic substance comprises one or more of Si, SiOxx ⁇ 2, Al 2 O 3 , BaSO 4 , Ti 2 O 3 , CaCO 3 , MgO, Y 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 ;
  • the particle size of the inorganic substance is in the range of 30 nm to 1.5 ⁇ m, and the mass addition amount of the inorganic substance in the barrier polymer is in the range of 0.05 to 3%.
  • the third material layer includes a high molecular polymer, and the high molecular polymer includes one or both of an olefin polymer and an olefin modified polymer;
  • the olefin polymer includes one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and polyolefin elastomer POE;
  • the olefin modified polymer includes: one or more of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer EAA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer EEA, ethylene-methacrylic acid EMAA, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene-propylene blended modified polymer, ethylene-butene blended modified polymer, maleic anhydride grafted modified polypropylene, acrylic acid grafted modified polypropylene and propylene-butene blended modified polymer.
  • EAA ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer
  • EEA ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer
  • EMAA ethylene-methacrylic acid EMAA
  • polyvinyl chloride polyvinyl fluoride
  • ethylene-propylene blended modified polymer ethylene-butene blended modified polymer
  • maleic anhydride grafted modified polypropylene acrylic acid grafted modified polypropylene and propylene-butene blended modified poly
  • a first adhesive layer is further provided in the first material layer and the second material layer;
  • the length of the first adhesive layer is aligned with the first material layer, and the thickness of the first adhesive layer is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m;
  • the first adhesive layer includes: one or more of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, SBS thermoplastic resin, polyimide resin and modified polyolefin adhesive.
  • a second adhesive layer is further provided in the second material layer and the third material layer;
  • the length of the second adhesive layer is aligned with the second material layer, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m;
  • the second adhesive layer includes one or more of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, SBS thermoplastic resin, polyimide resin and modified polyolefin adhesive.
  • the packaging film further comprises a coating
  • the coating is arranged on the surface of the first material layer and away from the second material layer, the length of the coating is aligned with the first material layer, and the thickness of the coating is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m;
  • the coating comprises: one or more of Si, SiOxx ⁇ 2, Al 2 O 3 , BaSO 4 , Ti 2 O 3 , CaCO 3 , MgO, Y 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 ;
  • the coating includes: one or more of polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE, polyparaxylene Parylene, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polyvinylidene chloride PVDC and polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF; wherein the polyparaxylene can be one or more of parylene C, parylene D, parylene N and parylene HT.
  • the packaging film has a thickness in the range of 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m;
  • the peel strength between the second material layer and the third material layer is greater than or equal to 1.5N/15mm, and the peel strength between the first material layer and the third material layer is greater than or equal to 1.5N/15mm.
  • a second aspect of the present application further provides a battery, the battery comprising the packaging film as described in any one of the first aspects.
  • the present application provides a packaging film and a battery, the packaging film comprising: a first material layer, a second material layer and a third material layer stacked in sequence, the second material layer comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first material layer is bonded to the first surface, and the third material layer is bonded to the second surface; the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer match, and the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer are aligned in sequence, the thickness of the first material layer is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, the thickness of the second material layer is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the third material layer is in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m; the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer are all high molecular polymer layers.
  • the present application improves the energy density of the battery by setting three layers of different high molecular polymer layers.
  • FIG1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a packaging film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a packaging film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of the structure of a packaging film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • first”, second, etc. can be used in this article to describe various directions, actions, steps or elements, but these directions, actions, steps or elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first direction, action, step or element from another direction, action, step or element.
  • first speed difference can be referred to as the second speed difference
  • second speed difference can be referred to as the first speed difference. Both the first speed difference and the second speed difference are speed differences, but they are not the same speed difference.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the meaning of "multiple” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a packaging film, comprising: a first material layer 100, a second material layer 200, and a third material layer 300 stacked in sequence, wherein the second material layer 200 comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first material layer 100 is bonded to the first surface, and the third material layer 300 is bonded to the second surface;
  • the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 match each other, and the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 are aligned in sequence, the thickness of the first material layer 100 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, the thickness of the second material layer 200 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the third material layer 300 is in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m. In the range of ⁇ m;
  • the first material layer 100 , the second material layer 200 , and the third material layer 300 are all high molecular polymer layers.
  • the packaging film is a non-metallized composite film.
  • the packaging film covers the outer surface of the battery to prevent the battery from being exposed to the air for a long time, and plays a role in heat sealing and corrosion resistance.
  • the matching of the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 means that the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 have the same length.
  • the packaging film is a first material layer 100, a second material layer 200 and a third material layer 300 which are stacked in sequence, wherein the first material layer 100 is a protective layer, the second material layer 200 is a barrier layer, and the third material layer 300 is a heat sealing layer.
  • the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 are all high molecular polymer layers, which have extremely high tensile properties and have extremely high molding depths compared to conventional metal composite films, which can greatly improve the energy density of the battery. It should also be noted that when each layer structure is a high molecular polymer layer, it has good corrosion resistance, no risk of electrochemical corrosion, and can improve the safe service life of the battery.
  • the present application provides a packaging film, which includes: a first material layer 100, a second material layer 200 and a third material layer 300 stacked in sequence, the second material layer 200 includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first material layer 100 is bonded to the first surface, and the third material layer 300 is bonded to the second surface; the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 match each other, and the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 are aligned in sequence, the thickness of the first material layer 100 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, the thickness of the second material layer 200 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the third material layer 300 is in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m; the first material layer 100, the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 are all high molecular polymer layers.
  • the present application improves the energy density of the battery by setting three different high molecular polymer layers.
  • the first material layer 100 includes: one or more of polyvinylidene chloride PVDC, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, cycloolefin copolymer COC, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE and polyamide PA.
  • the second material layer 200 includes: polyvinylidene chloride PVDC, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, cycloolefin copolymer COC, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polychlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, One or more of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer EVOH and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ETFE.
  • the second material layer 200 further comprises a barrier polymer and an inorganic substance, wherein the inorganic substance comprises one or more of Si, SiOxx ⁇ 2, Al 2 O 3 , BaSO 4 , Ti 2 O 3 , CaCO 3 , MgO, Y 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 ;
  • the particle size of the inorganic substance is in the range of 30 nm to 1.5 ⁇ m, and the mass addition amount of the inorganic substance in the barrier polymer is in the range of 0.05 to 3%.
  • the second material layer 200 is preferably polyvinylidene chloride PVDC and polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF.
  • Polyvinylidene chloride PVDC is the most commonly used packaging material in food packaging because of its good barrier properties and stability to oxygen and water vapor. Its water vapor transmission coefficient is 1-1.5g/m2.day, while PP of the same thickness is 6 times that.
  • Polyvinylidene chloride PVDC is preferred because of its high barrier properties, which can be used as an auxiliary barrier for the oxide vacuum coating 600.
  • the third material layer 300 includes a high molecular polymer, and the high molecular polymer includes one or both of an olefin polymer and an olefin modified polymer;
  • the olefin polymer includes one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and polyolefin elastomer POE;
  • the olefin modified polymer includes: one or more of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer EAA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer EEA, ethylene-methacrylic acid EMAA, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene-propylene blended modified polymer, ethylene-butene blended modified polymer, maleic anhydride grafted modified polypropylene, acrylic acid grafted modified polypropylene and propylene-butene blended modified polymer.
  • EAA ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer
  • EEA ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer
  • EMAA ethylene-methacrylic acid EMAA
  • polyvinyl chloride polyvinyl fluoride
  • ethylene-propylene blended modified polymer ethylene-butene blended modified polymer
  • maleic anhydride grafted modified polypropylene acrylic acid grafted modified polypropylene and propylene-butene blended modified poly
  • a first adhesive layer 400 is further provided in the first material layer 100 and the second material layer 200 ;
  • the length of the first adhesive layer 400 is aligned with the first material layer 100 , and the thickness of the first adhesive layer 400 is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m;
  • the first adhesive layer 400 includes: one or more of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, SBS thermoplastic resin, polyimide resin and modified polyolefin adhesive.
  • a second adhesive layer 500 is further provided in the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300;
  • the length of the second adhesive layer 500 is aligned with the second material layer 200 , and the thickness of the second adhesive layer 500 is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m;
  • the second adhesive layer 500 includes one or more of polyurethane, acrylate, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, SBS thermoplastic resin, polyimide resin and modified polyolefin adhesive.
  • the protective layer and the barrier layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are bonded by an adhesive layer.
  • a first adhesive layer 400 namely, an outer adhesive layer
  • a second adhesive layer 500 namely, an inner adhesive layer
  • the packaging film further includes a coating layer 600;
  • the coating layer 600 is disposed on the surface of the first material layer 100 and away from the second material layer 200 .
  • the length of the coating layer 600 is aligned with the first material layer 100 .
  • the thickness of the coating layer 600 is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the coating layer 600 includes: one or more of Si, SiOxx ⁇ 2, Al 2 O 3 , BaSO 4 , Ti 2 O 3 , CaCO 3 , MgO, Y 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 ;
  • the coating 600 includes: one or more of polytrifluorochloroethylene PCTFE, polyparaxylene Parylene, polyetheretherketone PEEK, polyvinylidene chloride PVDC and polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF; wherein the polyparaxylene can be one or more of parylene C, parylene D, parylene N and parylene HT.
  • a coating layer 600 is added to the outer surface (the side away from the barrier layer) of the first material layer 100, and the thickness of the coating layer 600 is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the first adhesive layer 400, the second adhesive layer 500 and the coating layer 600 are arranged in sequence, specifically, the lengths of the first adhesive layer 400, the second adhesive layer 500 and the coating layer 600 are the same, and are the same as the lengths of the three material layers.
  • the thickness of the packaging film is in the range of 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m;
  • the peel strength between the second material layer 200 and the third material layer 300 is greater than or equal to 1.5 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the first material layer 100 and the third material layer 300 is greater than or equal to 1.5 N/15 mm.
  • the thickness of the packaging film is preferably in the range of 30 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m; each layer of the packaging film in this embodiment is a high molecular polymer layer, which has good corrosion resistance and no risk of electrochemical corrosion, and can increase the safe service life of the battery.
  • the packaging film obtained by the above structure has the following characteristics: the water vapor transmission rate of the packaging film is ⁇ 0.5g/( m2 ⁇ d) under the conditions of temperature 38°C and humidity 90%; the transverse tensile strength and longitudinal tensile strength of the packaging film are respectively greater than or equal to 30MPa, and the transverse elongation at break and longitudinal elongation at break of the packaging film are respectively greater than or equal to 50%; the surface dyne value of the outer surface of the packaging film is ⁇ 28dynes/cm; the transverse heat shrinkage rate and longitudinal heat shrinkage rate of the packaging film at a temperature of 130°C and a time of 30min are respectively less than or equal to 5%.
  • a battery comprising the packaging film as described in any one of the above items.
  • the battery is generally a secondary battery.
  • the battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium battery, a solid-state battery, and the like.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 65 ⁇ m, wherein the heat-sealing layer is a 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, the barrier layer is a 14 ⁇ m PVDC layer, and the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PCTFE layer; wherein the protective layer and the barrier layer are laminated together via an outer adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m polyurethane layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are laminated together via an inner adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.5 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.6 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 36 ⁇ m, a heat-sealing layer is a 20 ⁇ m ethylene-propylene blended modified polymer layer, a barrier layer is a 5 ⁇ m PVDC layer, a protective layer is a 5 ⁇ m PET layer, and the protective layer is coated with a 2 ⁇ m SiO2 inorganic layer; wherein, the protective layer and the barrier layer are compositely bonded together by an outer adhesive layer of a 2 ⁇ m acrylic adhesive layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are compositely bonded together by an inner adhesive layer of a 2 ⁇ m polyurethane adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 4.4 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 3.3 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 100 ⁇ m, and the heat-sealing layer is a mixed layer of 40 ⁇ m polypropylene, POE, and ethylene-butene blended modified polymer layers, the barrier layer is a 35 ⁇ m PCTFE layer, the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PA layer, and a 5 ⁇ m polyparaxylene layer is provided outside the protective layer; wherein, the protective layer and the barrier layer are compositely bonded together by an outer adhesive layer of 2 ⁇ m acrylic adhesive, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are compositely bonded together by an inner adhesive layer of 3 ⁇ m polyurethane adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 7.2 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 5.4 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 178 ⁇ m
  • the heat sealing layer is a mixed layer of 45 ⁇ m polypropylene, POE, polyvinyl chloride, and ethylene-butylene blended modified polymer layer
  • the barrier layer is 100 ⁇ m PCTFE
  • the mixed modified layer is of PVDF and inorganic SiO2
  • the protective layer is a 25 ⁇ m PET and PA co-extruded layer, wherein the protective layer and the barrier layer are laminated together by an outer adhesive layer of 5 ⁇ m fluororubber adhesive layer, and the barrier layer and the heat sealing layer are laminated together by an inner adhesive layer of 3 ⁇ m acid anhydride grafted modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat sealing layer is 12.6N/15mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 6.8N/15mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 65 ⁇ m, wherein the heat-sealing layer is a 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, the barrier layer includes a barrier polymer PVDC and an inorganic substance Al2O3 , wherein the particle size of Al2O3 is 1 ⁇ m, and the mass addition amount of Al2O3 in the barrier polymer is 2%, the thickness is 14 ⁇ m, and the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PCTFE layer; wherein the protective layer and the barrier layer are compositely bonded together by an outer adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m polyurethane layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are composited together by an inner adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.2N/15mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.1N/15mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 65 ⁇ m, wherein the heat-sealing layer is a 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, the barrier layer includes a barrier polymer PVDC and an inorganic substance Al2O3 , wherein the particle size of Al2O3 is 2 ⁇ m, and the mass addition amount of Al2O3 in the barrier polymer is 4%, the thickness is 14 ⁇ m, and the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PCTFE layer; wherein the protective layer and the barrier layer are compositely bonded together by an outer adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m polyurethane layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are composited together by an inner adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 5.2N/15mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 2.8N/15mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 68 ⁇ m, wherein the heat-sealing layer is a 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, the barrier layer is a 14 ⁇ m PVDC layer, and the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PCTFE layer; wherein the protective layer and the barrier layer are laminated together by an outer adhesive layer of a 6 ⁇ m polyurethane layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are laminated together by an inner adhesive layer of a 3 ⁇ m modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.8 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.5 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 68 ⁇ m, wherein the heat sealing layer is a 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, the barrier layer is a 14 ⁇ m PVDC layer, and the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PCTFE layer; wherein the protective layer
  • the barrier layer is laminated together with an outer adhesive layer of 3 ⁇ m polyurethane, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are laminated together with an inner adhesive layer of 6 ⁇ m modified polypropylene adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.6N/15mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.5N/15mm.
  • the packaging film of this embodiment has a total thickness of 95.5 ⁇ m, and the heat-sealing layer is a mixed layer of 40 ⁇ m polypropylene, POE, and ethylene-butene blended modified polymer layers, the barrier layer is a 35 ⁇ m PCTFE layer, the protective layer is a 15 ⁇ m PA layer, and a 0.5 ⁇ m polyparaxylene layer is provided outside the protective layer; wherein, the protective layer and the barrier layer are compositely bonded together by an outer adhesive layer of 2 ⁇ m acrylic adhesive layer, and the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer are compositely bonded together by an inner adhesive layer of 3 ⁇ m polyurethane adhesive; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 7.0 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.8 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this comparative example is specifically a conventional aluminum-plastic film with a thickness of 86 ⁇ m, and its structural components and thicknesses are: 30 ⁇ m polypropylene layer, 3 ⁇ m inner adhesive layer, 35 ⁇ m aluminum foil layer, 3 ⁇ m outer adhesive layer, and 15 ⁇ m nylon; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.2 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 3.8 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film of this comparative example is specifically a conventional aluminum-plastic film with a thickness of 153 ⁇ m, and its structural components and thicknesses are: polypropylene layer 80 ⁇ m, inner adhesive layer 3 ⁇ m, aluminum foil layer 40 ⁇ m, outer adhesive layer 3 ⁇ m, nylon 15 ⁇ m, and PET layer 12 ⁇ m; in the packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 9.8 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 5.4 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the thickness of the protective layer is adjusted to 3 ⁇ m; in this packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.2 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 1.6 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the thickness of the barrier layer is adjusted to 3 ⁇ m; in this packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.8 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.8 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging film in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the thickness of the heat-sealing layer is adjusted to 8 ⁇ m; in this packaging film, the peel strength between the barrier layer and the heat-sealing layer is 6.6 N/15 mm, and the peel strength between the protective layer and the barrier layer is 4.4 N/15 mm.
  • the packaging films obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were used to prepare lithium cobalt oxide soft-pack batteries in the following manner:
  • Lithium cobalt oxide, conductive agent, binder, solvent and other additives are put into a stirring tank in a certain manner, and after being stirred and mixed evenly, they are coated on the surface of a 9 ⁇ m positive electrode current collector, and the obtained electrode sheet is then dried, rolled and cut in sequence to obtain a positive electrode sheet of a certain size; similarly, graphite, conductive agent, binder, solvent and other additives are put into a stirring tank in a certain proportion and feeding method, and after being stirred and mixed evenly, they are coated on the surface of a 6 ⁇ m copper foil current collector, and then dried, rolled and cut to obtain a negative electrode sheet of a desired size;
  • step 2) welding the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet obtained in step 1) to the tabs in the reserved foil welding area, and then winding them with a separator to obtain a winding core;
  • the prepared roll core is placed in the packaging film obtained in the above-mentioned embodiment and comparative example, and the top side is packaged, and then baking, liquid injection, sealing, aging, formation, secondary sealing, sorting and capacity division are performed to obtain the desired battery cell; wherein the obtained battery cell has a voltage of 4.45V, a capacity of 5000mAh, and a consistent size.
  • the packaging films obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for water vapor transmission rate according to GB/T 1037-1988 "Test Method for Water Vapor Permeability of Plastic Film and Sheet - Cup Method" (refer to the test principle of the WPT-301B water vapor transmission rate tester using the permeable cup weighing method).
  • the specific operating steps are: under the conditions of 38°C and 90% relative humidity, a specific humidity difference is formed on both sides of the sample, and water vapor passes through the sample in the permeable cup into the dry side.
  • the water vapor transmission rate and other parameters of the sample are obtained.
  • Table 1 The relevant water vapor transmission rate results are shown in Table 1.
  • the packaging films obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a stamping performance test according to the group standard T/CIAPS0005-2018 "Aluminum-plastic composite film for lithium-ion batteries" to confirm the corresponding deep drawing limit capacity of each group.
  • the specific operation steps are: referring to the stamping die and stamping conditions of the group standard, under the conditions of 25°C ⁇ 3°C and relative humidity of 65% ⁇ 10%, the test was performed with a 0.5mm depth increase gradient until the sample broke through, and the critical stamping depth that did not break through was recorded as the deep drawing limit capacity of the sample.
  • the relevant deep drawing limit capacity results are shown in Table 1.
  • the prepared battery cells were subjected to a moisture and heat resistance test.
  • the specific test steps were as follows: fully charge the battery cells and test the thickness H1 of each battery cell, then place them in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 60°C and a relative humidity of 95% for 7 days, take them out after storage and let them stand at room temperature for 2 hours, then immediately test the thickness H2 of each battery cell, and finally calculate the thickness expansion rate H of the battery cell. If the thickness expansion H ⁇ 10%, it can be judged as qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.
  • the relevant test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the calculation formula of H is as follows,
  • the prepared battery cells were subjected to high temperature storage test.
  • the specific test steps were as follows: fully charge the battery cells and test the thickness h1 of each battery cell, then place them in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 60°C and 95% relative humidity for 30 days, take them out after storage and test the thickness h2 of each battery cell immediately after standing at room temperature for 2 hours, and finally calculate the thickness expansion rate h of the battery cell. If the thickness expansion h ⁇ 10%, it can be judged as qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.
  • the relevant test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the calculation formula of h is as follows,
  • a packaging film and a battery containing the packaging film have obvious advantages in terms of deep punching limit capability, and can greatly improve the energy density of the battery; in addition, the packaging film of the present application is not much different from the conventional aluminum-plastic composite film in terms of water vapor permeability, moisture and heat resistance, and high-temperature storage performance, and can meet the overall sealing and water vapor barrier requirements of the battery.

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Abstract

一种包装膜及电池，该包装膜包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层、第二材料层和第三材料层，所述第二材料层包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所第一材料层与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层与所述第二表面粘接；所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层相匹配，且所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层的厚度在10μm～80μm的范围内；所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层均为高分子聚合物层。通过设置三层不同的高分子聚合物层，提高了电池的能量密度。

Description

一种包装膜及电池
本申请要求于2023年05月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310527356.X、申请名称为“一种包装膜及电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种包装膜及电池。
背景技术
随着电池技术的发展，目前对于电池的要求也越来越高。软包装电池因能量密度高，续航能力长等优点，被广泛应用于各种领域，如手机、笔记本、电动汽车、储能、电动工具、电子穿戴设备等等。软包装电池的特点之一在于采用铝塑复合膜作为包装壳体，现有技术中铝塑复合膜中间设置有铝箔，受限于中间铝箔的低拉伸延展性能，铝塑复合膜无法减薄且无法做到更大的冲深，导致电池能量密度较低的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种包装膜及电池，解决了现有技术中电池能量密度较低的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种包装膜，包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层、第二材料层和第三材料层，所述第二材料层包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所第一材料层与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层与所述第二表面粘接；
所述第一材料层、第二材料层和第三材料层相匹配，且所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层的厚度在10μm～80μm的范围内；
所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层均为高分子聚合物层。
可选的，所述第一材料层包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE和聚酰胺PA中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述第二材料层包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物EVOH和乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物ETFE中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述第二材料层还包括阻隔高分子聚合物和无机物，所述无机物包括Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
其中，所述无机物的粒径在30nm～1.5μm的范围内，且所述无机物在所述阻隔高分子聚合物中的质量添加量在0.05～3％的范围内。
可选的，所述第三材料层包括高分子聚合物，所述高分子聚合物包括烯烃聚合物和烯烃改性聚合物中的一种或两种；
所述烯烃聚合物包括：聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体POE中的一种或多种；
所述烯烃改性聚合物包括：乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物EAA、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物EEA、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸EMAA、聚氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-丙烯共混改性聚合物、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物、马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯、丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯和丙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述第一材料层和所述第二材料层内还设置有第一胶粘层；
所述第一胶粘层的长度与所述第一材料层对齐设置，所述第一胶粘层的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
所述第一胶粘层包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层内还设置有第二胶粘层；
所述第二胶粘层的长度与所述第二材料层对齐设置，所述第二胶粘层的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
所述第二胶粘层包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述包装膜还包括镀层；
所述镀层设置在所述第一材料层且远离所述第二材料层的表面，所述镀层的长度与所述第一材料层对齐设置，所述镀层的厚度在1μm～20μm的范围内；
所述镀层包括：Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
或
所述镀层包括：聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚对二甲苯Parylene、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC和聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF中的一种或多种；其中，所述聚对二甲苯可以为parylene C、parylene D、parylene N和parylene HT中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述包装膜的厚度在20μm～200μm的范围内；
所述第二材料层和第三材料层之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm，所述第一材料层和第三材料层之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm。
本申请第二方面还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括如第一方面中任一项所述的包装膜。
本申请提供一种包装膜及电池，该包装膜包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层、第二材料层和第三材料层，所述第二材料层包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一材料层与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层与所述第二表面粘接；所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层相匹配，且所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层的厚度在10μm～80μm的范围内；所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层均为高分子聚合物层。本申请通过设置三层不同的高分子聚合物层，提高了电池的能量密度。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种包装膜的结构示意图之一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种包装膜的结构示意图之二；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种包装膜的结构示意图之三。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获取的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在更加详细地讨论示例性实施例之前应当提到的是，一些示例性实施例被描述成作为流程图描绘的处理或方法。虽然流程图将各步骤描述成顺序的处理，但是其中的许多步骤可以被并行地、并发地或者同时实施。此外，各步骤的顺序可以被重新安排。当其操作完成时处理可以被终止，但是还可以具有未包括在附图中的附加步骤。处理可以对应于方法、函数、规程、子例程、子程序等等。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等可在本文中用于描述各种方向、动作、步骤或元件等，但这些方向、动作、步骤或元件不受这些术语限制。这些术语仅用于将第一个方向、动作、步骤或元件与另一个方向、动作、步骤或元件区分。举例来说，在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以将第一速度差值称为第二速度差值，且类似地，可将第二速度差值称为第一速度差值。第一速度差值和第二速度差值两者都是速度差值，但其不是同一速度差值。术语“第一”、“第二”等而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供了一种包装膜，包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300，所述第二材料层200包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所第一材料层100与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层300与所述第二表面粘接；
所述第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300相匹配，且所述第一材料层100、所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层100的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层200的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层300的厚度在10μm～80 μm的范围内；
所述第一材料层100、所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300均为高分子聚合物层。
在本实施例中，包装膜为一种无金属化的复合薄膜，在实际使用过程中，包装膜覆盖在电池的外表面，避免电池长时间暴露在空气中，并且起到热封和抗腐蚀的效果。其中，所述第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300相匹配是指第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300的长度相同。
具体地，包装膜为依次层叠设置的第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300，其中，第一材料层100为保护层，第二材料层200为阻隔层，第三材料层300为热封层。第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300均为高分子聚合物层，具有极高的拉伸性能，与常规金属复合膜相比，具备极高的成型深度，可以大大提高电池的能量密度。另外需要进行说明的是，各层结构均为高分子聚合物层的情况下，抗腐蚀性好，无电化学腐蚀的风险，可以提高电池的安全使用寿命。
本申请提供一种包装膜，该包装膜包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层100、第二材料层200和第三材料层300，所述第二材料层200包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所第一材料层100与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层300与所述第二表面粘接；所述第一材料层100、所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300相匹配，且所述第一材料层100、所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层100的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层200的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层300的厚度在10μm～80μm的范围内；所述第一材料层100、所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300均为高分子聚合物层。本申请通过设置三层不同的高分子聚合物层，提高了电池的能量密度。
在其他可行的实施例中，所述第一材料层100包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE和聚酰胺PA中的一种或多种。
所述第二材料层200包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE、 乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物EVOH和乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物ETFE中的一种或多种。
所述第二材料层200还包括阻隔高分子聚合物和无机物，所述无机物包括Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
其中，所述无机物的粒径在30nm～1.5μm的范围内，且所述无机物在所述阻隔高分子聚合物中的质量添加量在0.05～3％的范围内。
需要进行说明的是，第二材料层200优选聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC和聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF，聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC因为其良好的对氧气和水汽的阻隔性能和稳定性，是食品包装中最常用的包装材料，它的水汽透过系数为1-1.5g/m2.day，而同样厚度的PP是它的6倍。优选聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC是看重它自身的高阻隔性，可作为氧化物真空镀层600的辅助屏障。
所述第三材料层300包括高分子聚合物，所述高分子聚合物包括烯烃聚合物和烯烃改性聚合物中的一种或两种；
所述烯烃聚合物包括：聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体POE中的一种或多种；
所述烯烃改性聚合物包括：乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物EAA、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物EEA、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸EMAA、聚氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-丙烯共混改性聚合物、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物、马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯、丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯和丙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物中的一种或多种。
在其他可行的实施例中，如图2所示，所述第一材料层100和所述第二材料层200内还设置有第一胶粘层400；
所述第一胶粘层400的长度与所述第一材料层100对齐设置，所述第一胶粘层400的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
所述第一胶粘层400包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
所述第二材料层200和所述第三材料层300内还设置有第二胶粘层500；
所述第二胶粘层500的长度与所述第二材料层200对齐设置，所述第二胶粘层500的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
所述第二胶粘层500包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
在本实施例中，保护层与阻隔层、阻隔层与热封层之间均通过胶粘层复合 而成，具体地，所述保护层和阻隔层之间增设的为第一胶粘层400，即外胶粘层；所述阻隔层与热封层之间是通过第二胶粘层500复合，即内胶粘层。
在其他可行的实施例中，如图3所示，所述包装膜还包括镀层600；
所述镀层600设置在所述第一材料层100且远离所述第二材料层200的表面，所述镀层600的长度与所述第一材料层100对齐设置，所述镀层600的厚度在1μm～20μm的范围内；
所述镀层600包括：Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
或
所述镀层600包括：聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚对二甲苯Parylene、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC和聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF中的一种或多种；其中，所述聚对二甲苯可以为parylene C、parylene D、parylene N和parylene HT中的一种或多种。
在本实施例中，在第一材料层100的外表面(远离阻隔层一侧)增设一层镀层600，镀层600的厚度范围在1μm～20μm的范围内。需要进行说明的是，第一胶粘层400、第二胶粘层500和镀层600三者依次对齐设置，具体地，是指第一胶粘层400、第二胶粘层500和镀层600三者的长度相同，且与三层材料层的长度相同。
在该实施例中，所述包装膜的厚度在20μm～200μm的范围内；
所述第二材料层200和第三材料层300之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm，所述第一材料层100和第三材料层300之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm。
在本实施例中，所述包装膜的厚度优选为30μm～100μm的范围内；本实施例中的包装膜各层均为高分子聚合物层，抗腐蚀性好，无电化学腐蚀的风险，可以提高电池的安全使用寿命。
在本实施例中，由以上结构所得到的包装膜具有以下特性：所述包装膜在温度38℃和湿度90％的条件下，水汽透过率≤0.5g/(m2·d)；所述包装膜的横向拉伸强度和纵向拉伸强度分别大于等于30MPa，所述包装膜的横向断裂延伸率和纵向断裂延伸率分别大于等于50％；所述包装膜外表面的表面达因值≥28dynes/cm；所述包装膜在温度130℃和时间30min条件下的，横向热收缩率、纵向热收缩率分别小于等于5％。
在其他实施例中，还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括如上述任一项所述的包装膜。
需要进行说明的是，电池一般为二次电池，示例性的，电池可以为锂离子电池、锂金属电池、锂硫电池、钠电池、固态电池等等。
以下通过实施例和对比例按以下后述的性能测试例进行评估对比优劣，具体地：
实施例1
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为65μm，其中，热封层为30μm的聚丙烯层，阻隔层为14μm的PVDC层，保护层为15μm的PCTFE层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的改性聚丙烯胶黏剂复合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.5N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.6N/15mm。
实施例2
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为36μm，热封层则为20μm的乙烯-丙烯共混改性聚合物层，阻隔层为5μm的PVDC层，保护层为5μm的PET层，而保护层外涂镀一层2μm的SiO2无机层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为2μm的丙烯酸酯胶粘层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为2μm的聚氨酯胶黏剂复合贴合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为4.4N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为3.3N/15mm。
实施例3
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为100μm，热封层则为40μm的聚丙烯、POE、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物层的三者混合层，阻隔层为35μm的PCTFE层，保护层为15μm的PA层，而保护层外设一层5μm的聚对二甲苯层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为2μm的丙烯酸酯胶粘层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯胶黏剂复合贴合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为7.2N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为5.4N/15mm。
实施例4
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为178μm，热封层则为45μm的聚丙烯、POE、聚氯乙烯、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物层的混合层，阻隔层为100μm的PCTFE、 PVDF与无机物SiO2的共混改性层，保护层为25μm的PET、PA共挤层，其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为5μm的氟橡胶胶粘层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯胶粘剂复合贴合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为12.6N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为6.8N/15mm。
实施例5
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为65μm，其中，热封层为30μm的聚丙烯层，阻隔层包括阻隔高分子聚合物PVDC和无机物Al2O3，其中，Al2O3的粒径为1μm，且Al2O3在阻隔高分子聚合物中的质量添加量为2％，厚度为14μm，保护层为15μm的PCTFE层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的改性聚丙烯胶黏剂复合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.2N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.1N/15mm。
实施例6
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为65μm，其中，热封层为30μm的聚丙烯层，阻隔层包括阻隔高分子聚合物PVDC和无机物Al2O3，其中，Al2O3的粒径为2μm，且Al2O3在阻隔高分子聚合物中的质量添加量为4％，厚度为14μm，保护层为15μm的PCTFE层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的改性聚丙烯胶黏剂复合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为5.2N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为2.8N/15mm。
实施例7
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为68μm，其中，热封层为30μm的聚丙烯层，阻隔层为14μm的PVDC层，保护层为15μm的PCTFE层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为6μm的聚氨酯层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的改性聚丙烯胶黏剂复合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.8N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.5N/15mm。
实施例8
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为68μm，其中，热封层为30μm的聚丙烯层，阻隔层为14μm的PVDC层，保护层为15μm的PCTFE层；其中，保护层 与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为6μm的改性聚丙烯胶黏剂复合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.6N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.5N/15mm。
实施例9
本实施例的包装膜，总厚为95.5μm，热封层则为40μm的聚丙烯、POE、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物层的三者混合层，阻隔层为35μm的PCTFE层，保护层为15μm的PA层，而保护层外设一层0.5μm的聚对二甲苯层；其中，保护层与阻隔层通过外胶粘层为2μm的丙烯酸酯胶粘层复合贴合在一起，阻隔层与热封层则通过内胶粘层为3μm的聚氨酯胶黏剂复合贴合在一起；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为7.0N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.8N/15mm。
对比例1
本对比例的包装膜，具体为86μm厚的常规铝塑膜，其各结构组成及厚度分别为：聚丙烯层30μm、内胶粘层3μm、铝箔层35μm、外胶粘层3μm、尼龙15μm；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.2N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为3.8N/15mm。
对比例2
本对比例的包装膜，具体为153μm厚的常规铝塑膜，其各结构组成及厚度分别为：聚丙烯层80μm、内胶粘层3μm、铝箔层40μm、外胶粘层3μm、尼龙15μm、PET层12μm；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为9.8N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为5.4N/15mm。
对比例3
该对比例中的包装膜与实施例1基本一致，区别在于，保护层的厚度调整为3μm；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.2N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为1.6N/15mm。
对比例4
该对比例中的包装膜与实施例1基本一致，区别在于，阻隔层的厚度调整为3μm；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.8N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.8N/15mm。
对比例5
该对比例中的包装膜与实施例1基本一致，区别在于，热封层的厚度调整为8μm；该包装膜中，阻隔层和热封层之间的剥离强度为6.6N/15mm，保护层与阻隔层之间的剥离强度为4.4N/15mm。
将实施例1～4和对比例1～2所得的包装膜按照以下方式制备钴酸锂软包电芯：
1)将钴酸锂、导电剂、粘结剂、溶剂以及其他一些助剂按照一定方式投入搅拌罐中，并搅拌均匀混合后涂在9μm正极集流体表面，将制得极片再依次进行干燥、辊压、分切，即可得到一定尺寸的正极片；同样，将石墨、导电剂、粘结剂、溶剂以及其他助剂按照一定比例和投料方式投入搅拌罐中，并搅拌均匀混合后涂在6μm铜箔集流体表面，而后进行干燥、辊压、分切，即可得到所需尺寸的负极片；
2)将步骤1)所得的正极片、负极片分别在所留空箔焊接区进行极耳焊接，而后采用隔膜进行卷绕，即可得到卷芯；
4)将制得的卷芯置于上述实施例和对比例所得的包装膜内，并进行顶侧封装，随后进行烘烤、注液、密封、陈化、化成、二封、分选分容等步骤即可得到所需电芯；其中，所得的电芯电压为4.45V、容量5000mAh，且尺寸保持一致。
测试例1
将实施例1～4及对比例1～2所得的包装膜按照GB/T 1037-1988《塑料薄膜和片材透水蒸气性试验方法——杯式法》)进行水汽透过率测试(参考WPT-301B水蒸气透过率测试仪采用透湿杯称重法测试原理)，具体操作步骤为：在38℃和相对湿度90％条件下，使试样的两侧形成一特定的湿度差，水蒸气透过透湿杯中的试样进入干燥的一侧，通过测定透湿杯重量随时间的变化量，从而求出试样的水蒸气透过率等参数。相关的水汽透过率结果如表1所示。
测试例2
将实施例1～4及对比例1～2所得的包装膜按照团体标准T/CIAPS0005—2018《锂离子电池用铝塑复合膜》进行冲压性能测试确认各组对应的冲深极限能力，具体操作步骤为：参考团体标准的冲压模具和冲压条件，在25℃±3℃和相对湿度65％±10％的条件下，以0.5mm的冲深递增梯度进行测试直至样品冲破为止，不冲破的临界冲压深度即记作为样品的冲深极限能力。相关的冲深极限能力结果如表1所示。
测试例3
将所制得的电芯进行耐湿热性测试，具体测试步骤为：分别将电芯充满电并测试各自的电芯厚度H1，随后放置在温度60℃及相对湿度95％的恒温恒湿箱中存储7天，存储完毕后取出并在室温静置2小时后马上测试各电芯的厚度H2，最后计算电芯的厚度膨胀率H，如厚度膨胀H≤10％即可判定为合格，相反则为不合格，相关的测试结果如表1所示。H的计算公式如下，
测试例4
将所制得的电芯进行高温存储测试，具体测试步骤为：分别将电芯充满电并测试各自的电芯厚度h1，随后放置在温度60℃及相对湿度95％的恒温恒湿箱中存储30天，存储完毕后取出并在室温静置2小时后马上测试各电芯的厚度h2，最后计算电芯的厚度膨胀率h，如厚度膨胀h≤10％即可判定为合格，相反则为不合格，相关的测试结果如表1所示。h的计算公式如下，


表1
由表1的各测试结果来看，一种包装膜及含该包装膜的电池，在冲深极限能力方面优势明显，可以很好提升电池的能量密度；此外，本申请包装膜在水汽透过率以及耐湿热性和高温存储等性能方面，和常规的铝塑复合膜差别不大，整体可以满足电池的密封性和水汽阻隔性需求。
注意，上述仅为本申请的较佳实施例及所运用技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本申请不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本申请的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本申请进行了较为详细的说明，但是本申请不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本申请构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本申请的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种包装膜，其中，包括：依次层叠设置的第一材料层、第二材料层和第三材料层，所述第二材料层包括相背对的第一表面和第二表面，所第一材料层与所述第一表面粘接，所述第三材料层与所述第二表面粘接；
    所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层相匹配，且所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层依次对齐设置，所述第一材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第二材料层的厚度在5μm～100μm的范围内，所述第三材料层的厚度在10μm～80μm的范围内；
    所述第一材料层、所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层均为高分子聚合物层。
  2. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第一材料层包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE和聚酰胺PA中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第二材料层包括：聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC、聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF、环烯烃类共聚物COC、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯PEN、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚四氟乙烯PTFE、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物EVOH和乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物ETFE中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求3中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第二材料层还包括阻隔高分子聚合物和无机物，所述无机物包括Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
    其中，所述无机物的粒径在30nm～1.5μm的范围内，且所述无机物在所述阻隔高分子聚合物中的质量添加量在0.05～3％的范围内。
  5. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第三材料层包括高分子聚合物，所述高分子聚合物包括烯烃聚合物和烯烃改性聚合物中的一种或两种；
    所述烯烃聚合物包括：聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体POE中的一种或多种；
    所述烯烃改性聚合物包括：乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物EAA、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共 聚物EEA、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸EMAA、聚氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、乙烯-丙烯共混改性聚合物、乙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物、马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯、丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯和丙烯-丁烯共混改性聚合物中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第一材料层和所述第二材料层内还设置有第一胶粘层；
    所述第一胶粘层的长度与所述第一材料层对齐设置，所述第一胶粘层的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
    所述第一胶粘层包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述第二材料层和所述第三材料层内还设置有第二胶粘层；
    所述第二胶粘层的长度与所述第二材料层对齐设置，所述第二胶粘层的厚度在1μm～5μm的范围内；
    所述第二胶粘层包括：聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、SBS热塑性树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂和改性聚烯烃胶黏剂中的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述包装膜还包括镀层；
    所述镀层设置在所述第一材料层且远离所述第二材料层的表面，所述镀层的长度与所述第一材料层对齐设置，所述镀层的厚度在1μm～20μm的范围内；
    所述镀层包括：Si、SiOxx≤2、Al2O3、BaSO4、Ti2O3、CaCO3、MgO、Y2O3、TiO2和Gd2O3中的一种或多种；
    或
    所述镀层包括：聚三氟氯乙烯PCTFE、聚对二甲苯Parylene、聚醚醚酮PEEK、聚偏二氯乙烯PVDC和聚偏二氟乙烯PVDF中的一种或多种；其中，所述聚对二甲苯可以为parylene C、parylene D、parylene N和parylene HT中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求1中所述的包装膜，其中，所述包装膜的厚度在20μm～200μm的范围内；
    所述第二材料层和第三材料层之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm，所述第一材料层和第三材料层之间的剥离强度大于等于1.5N/15mm。
  10. 一种电池，其中，所述电池包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的包装 膜。
PCT/CN2024/090307 2023-05-10 2024-04-28 一种包装膜及电池 Ceased WO2024230528A1 (zh)

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