WO2024201646A1 - 画像処理装置、画像処理方法及び記憶媒体 - Google Patents
画像処理装置、画像処理方法及び記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024201646A1 WO2024201646A1 PCT/JP2023/012154 JP2023012154W WO2024201646A1 WO 2024201646 A1 WO2024201646 A1 WO 2024201646A1 JP 2023012154 W JP2023012154 W JP 2023012154W WO 2024201646 A1 WO2024201646 A1 WO 2024201646A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H10/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to the technical fields of image processing devices, image processing methods, and storage media that perform processing related to determining medication effects using images.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a system that detects the area of the subject's pupils based on video signals from two cameras and analyzes the pupil area, pupil diameter, and pupil position.
- one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide an image processing device, an image processing method, and a storage medium that can suitably generate information regarding the effectiveness of a subject's medication from an image of the subject.
- a medication information acquisition means for acquiring medication information regarding a drug used by a subject; an imaging timing decision means for deciding an imaging timing of the subject by the imaging means based on the medication information; a pupil information generating means for generating pupil information regarding the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the photographing means at the photographing timing;
- the image processing device has the following features.
- One aspect of the image processing method includes: The computer Obtaining medication information regarding medications used by the subject; determining a timing for photographing the subject by an imaging means based on the medication information; generating pupil information regarding the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the imaging means at the imaging timing; It is an image processing method.
- the "computer” includes any electronic device (or a processor included in the electronic device), and may be configured from multiple electronic devices.
- One aspect of the storage medium is Obtaining medication information regarding medications used by the subject; determining a timing for photographing the subject by an imaging means based on the medication information;
- the storage medium stores a program for causing a computer to execute a process for generating pupil information relating to the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the imaging means at the imaging timing.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an image processing device according to a third embodiment. 13 is an example of a flowchart executed by the image processing apparatus in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a medication effect determination system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the medication effect determination system 100 is a system for simply determining the effectiveness of a drug used by a subject 6 (also called “medication effect") based on an image of the subject 6's face captured by a visible light camera, and mainly includes an image processing device 1, an input device 2, an output device 3, a storage device 4, and a measuring device 5 including a camera (photographing device) 51.
- the medication effect determination system 100 may be used by the subject 6 for the purpose of self-care, or may be used by the subject 6 under the instruction or request of a medical professional.
- the medication effect determination system 100 may be used, for example, to confirm the medication effect, adjust the dosage and medication interval, etc.
- “medication” is not limited to oral intake of a drug by the subject 6, but also includes dermal intake.
- the image processing device 1 measures the pupils of the subject 6 after medication based on the facial images of the subject 6 generated by the camera 51 (including video, which is a sequence of a predetermined number of images obtained in time series; the same applies below), and based on the pupil measurement results, judges the effectiveness of the medication and notifies information related to the results of the judgment of the medication effectiveness.
- the image processing device 1 communicates data with the input device 2, output device 3, storage device 4, and measurement device 5 via a communication network or by direct wireless or wired communication.
- the input device 2 is an interface that accepts user input (manual input).
- the user who inputs information using the input device 2 may be the subject 6 himself or a person who manages or supervises the subject 6.
- the input device 2 may be, for example, any of a variety of user input interfaces, such as a touch panel, a button, a keyboard, a mouse, or a voice input device.
- the input device 2 supplies an input signal generated based on the user's input to the image processing device 1.
- the output device 3 outputs predetermined information based on an output signal supplied from the image processing device 1.
- the output signal includes at least one of a display signal and an audio signal.
- the output device 3 displays information based on the display signal supplied from the image processing device 1, and outputs information as audio based on the audio signal supplied from the image processing device 1.
- the output device 3 includes at least one of a display device such as a display or projector, and an audio output device such as a speaker.
- the storage device 4 is a memory that stores various information necessary for determining the effectiveness of medication, etc.
- the storage device 4 may be an external storage device such as a hard disk connected to or built into the image processing device 1, or may be a storage medium such as a flash memory.
- the storage device 4 may also be a server device that performs data communication with the image processing device 1.
- the storage device 4 may also be composed of multiple devices.
- the measurement device 5 is one or more sensors including the camera 51, which is a visible light camera.
- the measurement device 5 may include an illuminance sensor for detecting changes in the amount of external light in the environment in which the camera image of the subject 6 is captured.
- the measurement device 5 supplies signals measured by each sensor to the image processing device 1.
- the image generated by the camera 51 will also be referred to as a "camera image.”
- the camera 51 is an example of an "imaging means.”
- the configuration of the medication effect assessment system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and various modifications may be made to the configuration.
- the image processing device 1, the input device 2, the output device 3, the storage device 4, and the measurement device 5 may be realized by a single terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal.
- FIG. 2 shows the state when a camera image of subject 6 is taken when medication effect assessment system 100 is a single terminal device (e.g., a smartphone).
- medication effect assessment system 100 which is a terminal device, and adjusts the orientation of the terminal device so that his or her face is included in the shooting range of camera 51.
- Medication effect assessment system 100 may be fixed to a tripod or the like. Then, in the state shown in FIG. 2, subject 6 follows the instructions (guidance) output by medication effect assessment system 100 and causes medication effect assessment system 100 to take a camera image of subject 6 required for determining the medication effect.
- FIG. 3 shows the hardware configuration of the image processing device 1.
- the image processing device 1 includes, as hardware, a processor 11, a memory 12, and an interface 13.
- the processor 11, the memory 12, and the interface 13 are connected via a data bus 90.
- the processor 11 functions as a controller (computing device) that controls the entire image processing device 1 by executing a program stored in the memory 12.
- the processor 11 is, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or a TPU (Tensor Processing Unit).
- the processor 11 may be composed of multiple processors.
- the processor 11 is an example of a computer.
- the memory 12 is composed of various types of volatile and non-volatile memory, such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and flash memory.
- the memory 12 also stores programs for executing the processes executed by the image processing device 1. Note that part of the information stored in the memory 12 may be stored in one or more external storage devices capable of communicating with the image processing device 1, or may be stored in a storage medium that is detachable from the image processing device 1.
- the memory 12 may also function as at least part of the storage device 4.
- the interface 13 is an interface for electrically connecting the image processing device 1 to other devices.
- These interfaces may be wireless interfaces such as network adapters for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data to and from other devices, or may be hardware interfaces for connecting to other devices via cables or the like.
- the hardware configuration of the image processing device 1 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2.
- the image processing device 1 may include at least one of the input device 2, the output device 3, the storage device 4, and the measurement device 5.
- the medication effect assessment process which is a process related to the assessment of medication effect.
- the image processing device 1 determines the timing of capturing a camera image based on medication information related to the medication of the subject 6, and measures the pupil of the subject 6 based on the camera image captured at the determined timing. Then, the image processing device 1 assesses the medication effect and notifies information related to the assessment result based on the measured change in pupil size of the subject 6, etc. This makes it possible for the image processing device 1 to accurately perform a judgment on the medication effect based on the camera image regardless of the type and amount of the administered medicine, and to notify the subject 6, etc. of a highly accurate assessment result on the medication effect.
- the pupil size changes depending on the effectiveness of the drug.
- an autonomic nervous system drug such as Lexotanil
- the pupil dilates widens
- a parasympathomimetic drug such as pilocarpine or physostigmine
- a parasympathetic blocking drug such as homatropine or tropicamide
- the image processing device 1 judges the medication effect based on the change in pupil size. In addition, since the timing at which the medication effect peaks varies depending on the medication content, the image processing device 1 determines the timing of capturing a camera image to identify the change in pupil size based on the medication information. In this way, the image processing device 1 judges the medication effect with high accuracy.
- FIG. 4 is an example of a functional block of the image processing device 1 related to medication effect assessment processing.
- the processor 11 of the image processing device 1 has a medication information acquisition unit 14, an imaging timing determination unit 15, a first notification unit 16, a pupil information generation unit 17, a medication effect assessment unit 18, and a second notification unit 19.
- a medication information acquisition unit 14 an imaging timing determination unit 15
- a first notification unit 16 a pupil information generation unit 17
- a medication effect assessment unit 18 a second notification unit 19.
- blocks where data is exchanged are connected by solid lines, but the combination of blocks where data is exchanged is not limited to those shown. The same applies to the other functional block diagrams described below.
- the medication information acquisition unit 14 acquires medication information indicating at least the medication content (i.e., the type and amount of medication used) and the time of administration to the subject 6. The medication information acquisition unit 14 then supplies the acquired medication information to the imaging timing determination unit 15.
- the medication information acquisition unit 14 generates medication information based on input by the subject 6 to the input device 2. For example, the medication information acquisition unit 14 displays an input screen for inputting the medication content and medication time by the output device 3, and acquires input information indicating the input on the input screen from the input device 2, thereby generating the above-mentioned medication information. Note that if setting information for the medication content and medication time is registered in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc., the medication information acquisition unit 14 may generate medication information based on the setting information.
- the medication information acquisition unit 14 acquires an image of the packaging (e.g., a PTP (Press Through Pack) sheet) that contained the medicine used by the subject 6, and recognizes the medication contents by analyzing the image using any image recognition technology.
- the medication information acquisition unit 14 then recognizes the generation date and time indicated by the metadata of the image as the medication time, and generates medication information indicating the recognized medication contents and medication time.
- the subject 6 or the subject's 6 administrator takes an image of the used medicine case (package) with the camera 51 or another camera after the subject 6 has used the medicine, and performs an input to specify the captured image as the image to be analyzed by the medication information acquisition unit 14.
- the medication information acquisition unit 14 acquires medication information from the application.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 determines the imaging timing of the subject 6 based on the medication information supplied from the medication information acquisition unit 14, and when the determined imaging timing is reached, supplies an instruction signal to start imaging to the first notification unit 16. In this case, the imaging timing determination unit 15 determines each measurement timing of the pupil required to determine the medication effect as the imaging timing. Note that administration of a drug causes a change in pupil size according to the effectiveness of the drug, and the effectiveness of the drug differs depending on the type of drug used, etc. Taking the above into consideration, the imaging timing determination unit 15 recognizes each measurement timing required to identify a change in pupil size based on the medication information, and determines each measurement timing as the imaging timing. Then, when the determined imaging timing is reached, the imaging timing determination unit 15 supplies an instruction signal to start imaging to the first notification unit 16. The method of determining the imaging timing by the imaging timing determination unit 15 will be described later.
- the first notification unit 16 When the first notification unit 16 receives an instruction signal to start imaging from the imaging timing determination unit 15, it notifies the subject 6 through the output device 3 that it is time to image. In this case, the first notification unit 16 notifies the subject 6 through the output device 3 that it is time to image by supplying an output signal including at least one of an audio signal and a display signal to the output device 3 through the interface 13. This causes the subject 6 to adjust so that the subject 6's face is within the imaging range of the camera 51, and perform operations such as starting imaging with the camera 51.
- the first notification unit 16 instructs the subject 6 to direct his/her gaze (i.e., focus) at a location a predetermined distance away in order to stabilize the subject's 6 focus.
- predetermined distance is, for example, a distance of 6 m or more at which the focal distance is essentially infinity.
- the location a predetermined distance away is not limited to a location 6 m or more away, and may be any location at which the distance to the subject 6 does not change.
- the first notification unit 16 may instruct the subject 6 to set the distance (shooting distance) between the subject 6 and the camera 51 to a predetermined distance based on the size of the iris of the subject 6 recognized from the camera image. In this case, the first notification unit 16 determines whether the size of the iris recognized from the camera image belongs to an appropriate size range.
- the above-mentioned appropriate size range is a range of iris sizes corresponding to a range of shooting distances that are within a distance range preferable for determining the effect of medication, and is stored in advance in, for example, the storage device 4 or the memory 12. Then, when the recognized iris size is outside the appropriate size range, the first notification unit 16 causes the output device 3 to output guidance information to adjust the shooting distance.
- the first notification unit 16 when the recognized iris size is smaller than the appropriate size range, the first notification unit 16 outputs guidance information (guidance) to shorten the shooting distance, and when the recognized iris size is larger than the appropriate size range, outputs guidance information to lengthen the shooting distance. In this way, the first notification unit 16 can appropriately adjust the shooting distance so that it is a distance suitable for determining the medication effect.
- the pupil information generating unit 17 When the first notification unit 16 notifies the subject 6 of the timing of photographing, the pupil information generating unit 17 generates information about the pupil of the subject 6 (also called “pupil information") based on the camera image of the subject 6. As a result, the pupil information generating unit 17 generates pupil information for each photographing timing determined by the photographing timing determining unit 15, and supplies the generated pupil information to the medication effect determining unit 18.
- the pupil information generating unit 17 calculates at least the pupil size (e.g., pupil diameter) of the subject 6 as the pupil information.
- the pupil information generating unit 17 may measure a predetermined number of pupil sizes based on a predetermined number of camera images obtained after the first notification unit 16 notifies the subject 6, and generate pupil information indicating the measured predetermined number of pupil sizes.
- the pupil information may be information indicating the average, maximum, or other representative value of the predetermined number of pupil sizes.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 assesses the medication effect of the drug used by the subject 6 based on the pupil information generated for each imaging timing. In this case, the medication effect assessment unit 18 calculates one or more indices (also called “pupil change indices") indicating changes in the pupil indicated by the pupil information.
- the pupil change index is, for example, the difference between the pupil size before the medication effect appears and the pupil size when the medication effect is at its peak, and is calculated as the difference between the pupil size based on the camera image generated at the imaging timing immediately after medication and the pupil size at the imaging timing at the peak of the medication effect estimated based on the medication information.
- the above difference corresponds to the degree of miosis when the pupil is miosis, and corresponds to the degree of mydriasis when the pupil is dilated.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 then assesses the medication effect based on the calculated pupil change index, and supplies information on the medication effect assessment result to the second notification unit 19.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 generates, for example, a determination result indicating whether the medication effect is within an appropriate range. Note that, when the medication effect is not within the appropriate range, the medication effect assessment unit 18 may further generate a determination result indicating whether the medication effect is excessive or insufficient.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 compares the calculated pupil change index with a reference value of the pupil change index, and assesses the medication effect based on the comparison result.
- the above-mentioned reference value may be a statistical standard value of the pupil change index for the age of the subject 6 (i.e., a statistical value of the pupil change index according to the attributes of the subject 6), or may be a past calculated value of the pupil change index of the subject 6.
- the above-mentioned reference value may also be a threshold value for determining whether the medication effect is within an appropriate range.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 may also use a model that performs inference regarding the medication effect, and output information output by the model as information regarding the judgment result of the medication effect.
- the above-mentioned model is a machine learning model such as an equation, a lookup table, or a neural network, and outputs an inference result regarding the medication effect when, for example, the calculated values of various pupil change indexes (or the difference between the calculated value and the reference value, etc.) are input.
- the parameters of the above-mentioned model are stored in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 may output information for displaying a graph showing the calculated values of various pupil change indexes and corresponding reference values in a comparative manner as information regarding the medication effect assessment result.
- the second notification unit 19 displays or outputs as sound information on the medication effect judgment result supplied from the medication effect judgment unit 18 by the output device 3.
- the second notification unit 19 generates an output signal including at least one of a display signal or sound signal indicating information on the medication effect judgment result, and supplies the output signal to the output device 3 via the interface 13.
- the second notification unit 19 may also perform a process of notifying a third party other than the subject 6 of the information on the medication effect judgment result, and may also perform a process of storing the information on the medication effect judgment result in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- each of the components of the medication information acquisition unit 14, the imaging timing determination unit 15, the first notification unit 16, the pupil information generation unit 17, the medication effect assessment unit 18, and the second notification unit 19 described in FIG. 4 can be realized, for example, by the processor 11 executing a program. Also, each component may be realized by recording the necessary programs in any non-volatile storage medium and installing them as necessary. Note that at least a portion of each of these components may not be realized by software through a program, but may be realized by any combination of hardware, firmware, and software. Also, at least a portion of each of these components may be realized using a user-programmable integrated circuit, such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or a microcontroller.
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- the integrated circuit may be used to realize a program composed of each of the above components.
- at least a portion of each component may be configured by an ASSP (Application Specific Standard Production), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a quantum processor (quantum computer control chip).
- ASSP Application Specific Standard Production
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- quantum processor quantum computer control chip
- Fig. 5 is an example of a camera image of the face of the subject 6.
- the image processing device 1 recognizes each area of the subject 6's eyes 9Ra, 9La, irises 9Rb, 9Lb, and pupils 9Rc, 9Lc based on an arbitrary image recognition technology from a camera image capturing the face of the subject 6. The image processing device 1 then calculates pupil information indicating at least the pupil size based on each recognized area.
- the image processing device 1 generates pupil information indicating the pupil size (i.e., pupil diameter) corresponding to the length of the arrows 91 and 92. Note that when the image processing device 1 calculates the pupil size for each eye, it may generate pupil information indicating the average of the calculated pupil sizes. Furthermore, when only one eye of the subject 6 is displayed in the camera image, the image processing device 1 may generate pupil information indicating the pupil size for the displayed eye.
- the image processing device 1 may perform a normalization process to convert the pupil size from a size based on the number of pixels on the camera image to a size of a predetermined scale (e.g., actual size), and generate pupil information indicating the normalized pupil size.
- the image processing device 1 may normalize the pupil size based on the size of the irises 9Rb, 9Lb, taking advantage of the characteristics that the size of the irises 9Rb, 9Lb varies little between individuals and does not change over time.
- the image processing device 1 may recognize the actual pupil size by three-dimensionally reconstructing the face of the subject 6 from the camera images of the multiple cameras based on any three-dimensional reconstruction technology such as SfM (Structure From Motion).
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing an example of a change in the pupil size of the subject 6 after the subject 6 uses a certain drug.
- a case will be described in which the subject 6 uses a drug that causes pupil dilation when administered.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 determines as imaging timing at least the timing immediately after the start of medication (corresponding to the medication time, time "t1" in FIG. 6) and the timing at which the medication effect peaks (time “t3" in FIG. 6).
- the pupil size at time t1 corresponds to the pupil size when there is no medication effect, and is the minimum value "Dmin”.
- the pupil size at time t3 corresponds to the pupil size when the pupil is most dilated due to the medication effect, and is the maximum value "Dmax”. Note that in the case of a drug that causes miosis, the pupil size reaches its minimum value at time t3.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 preferably determines at least one of the timings when the medicine starts to take effect (time “t2" in FIG. 6) and the timing when the medication effect decreases (ends) (time "t4" in FIG. 6) as the imaging timing.
- time t2 i.e., the timing when the medication starts to take effect
- time t3 i.e., the timing when the medication effect peaks
- time t4 i.e., the timing when the medication effect decreases
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 estimates these timings based on the medication content indicated by the medication information.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 recognizes the length of time from the medication time to the occurrence of the medication effect peak (the length of time from time t1 to time t3 in FIG. 6) based on the medication content indicated by the medication information, and determines the time at which the above-mentioned length of time has elapsed from the medication time as the timing at which the medication effect peaks.
- table information showing the correspondence between the medication content and the above-mentioned length of time i.e., table information that associates the above-mentioned length of time to be set for each expected medication content is stored in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 refers to this table information and determines the above-mentioned length of time from the medication content.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 may determine the above-mentioned length of time from the type of medication as the medication content, or may determine the above-mentioned length of time from both the type of medication and the dosage (amount used).
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 refers to table information showing the correspondence between the medication content and the length of time from the medication time until the medication starts to take effect (the length of time from time t1 to time t2 in FIG. 6), and estimates the timing at which the medication starts to take effect from the medication content.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 also refers to table information showing the correspondence between the medication content and the length of time from the medication time until the medication effect wears off (the length of time from time t1 to time t4 in FIG. 6), and estimates the timing at which the medication effect wears off from the medication content.
- the above-mentioned table information is stored in advance in, for example, the storage device 4 or memory 12.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 can accurately estimate the timing of each pupil measurement required to determine the medication effect based on the medication information, and can accurately determine the imaging timing.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 calculates, as the pupil change index, the difference between the pupil size Dmin measured based on a camera image generated at time t1 immediately after medication and the pupil size Dmax measured based on a camera image generated at time t3 when the medication effect peaks.
- the medication effect assessment unit 18 calculates, as the pupil change index, the difference between the pupil size when there is no medication effect and the pupil size when the pupil is most dilated due to the medication effect.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 may use the pupil size based on a camera image of the subject 6 taken at any timing before medication is started.
- a camera image of the subject 6 taken at any timing before medication is started is stored in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc., and the imaging timing determination unit 15 calculates the pupil size when medication is ineffective based on the camera image.
- the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc. may store the pupil size of the subject 6 when medication is ineffective in advance as registered information.
- the imaging timing determination unit 15 may also determine multiple imaging timings near the estimated time t3 (i.e., the timing at which the medication effect peaks) and estimate the maximum pupil size "Dmax" (the minimum value in the case of a drug that causes miosis) based on the pupil size measured at each imaging timing by interpolation processing or other statistical methods (e.g., selection of a representative value such as a maximum value). Similarly, the imaging timing determination unit 15 may also determine multiple imaging timings for each of time t2 (i.e., the timing at which the medication effect begins to decrease) and time t4 (i.e., the timing at which the medication effect decreases) and determine the pupil size to be used in calculating the pupil change index based on the pupil size measured at each imaging timing.
- time t2 i.e., the timing at which the medication effect begins to decrease
- time t4 i.e., the timing at which the medication effect decreases
- the second notification unit 19 takes into consideration the possibility that the subject 6 took an insufficient amount of medicine (i.e., the subject may have taken an amount less than prescribed), and issues a notification urging the subject to confirm whether they took the medicine as prescribed. For example, the second notification unit 19 outputs guidance such as "Did you take the medicine as prescribed?" or "The medicine doesn't seem to be working very well. Please consult your doctor at your next appointment.”
- the second notification unit 19 takes into consideration the possibility that the medication is not working, and notifies the subject 6 that the medication is not working because the prescribed amount is too small, or that the medication is not working because of drug interactions. For example, the second notification unit 19 outputs guidance such as "Did you take the medication as prescribed?", "The medication does not seem to be working very well. Please consult your doctor at your next appointment," and "You may have eaten food that does not mix well with the medication. Please record what you ate today and consult your doctor or pharmacist at your next appointment.”
- the second notification unit 19 may acquire information (also referred to as "ingestion information") regarding the substance ingested (including oral and dermal ingestion) by the subject 6, and display the ingestion information in chronological correspondence with the pupil size calculated by the pupil information generation unit 17.
- the ingestion information is, for example, information indicating at least the type (and amount) of the ingested substance and the time of ingestion, and if an application that manages the ingestion information of the subject 6 is installed in the image processing device 1, the second notification unit 19 acquires the ingestion information from the application.
- the second notification unit 19 acquires an image of the substance ingested by the subject 6 taken by the camera 51 or the like, and generates the ingestion information by image analysis of the image using any image recognition technology.
- the subject 6 inputs to specify the captured image as the image to be analyzed by the second notification unit 19.
- the second notification unit 19 detects, based on the intake information, the intake of a substance that does not interact well with the drug indicated in the medication information (or a drug registered as a drug regularly taken by the subject 6), it may notify the subject 6 that an interaction effect will occur.
- table information showing the correspondence between drugs and substances that affect interactions with the drug is stored in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc., and the second notification unit 19 notifies the subject 6 that an interaction effect will occur if it detects, based on the table information and the intake information, the intake of a substance that will cause an interaction effect.
- the subject 6 takes into consideration the possibility that the subject took too much medicine (i.e., the subject took more than the prescribed amount) and issues a notification urging the subject 6 to check whether they took the medicine as prescribed.
- the second notification unit 19 outputs guidance such as "Did you take the medicine as prescribed?" or "The medicine seems to be too effective. Please consult your doctor at your next appointment.”
- the second notification unit 19 when it is determined that the medication effect is excessive, a notification is given suggesting that the medication is too effective, so that the prescribed amount may be too high, that the subject 6's aging may be the cause, or that the type of medication used may not be suitable for the subject 6.
- the second notification unit 19 outputs guidance such as "Did you take the medication as prescribed?", "The medication seems to be too effective. Please consult your doctor at your next appointment," or "The medication seems to be too effective. Age or the number of types of medication can cause the medication to be too effective.
- the second notification unit 19 may obtain information about the medication used by the subject 6, and display the obtained information together with the time-series measurement results of the pupil size measured by the pupil information generation unit 17 by the output device 3.
- the second notification unit 19 may also store information about the medication used by the subject 6 and the time-series measurement results of the pupil size in association with each other in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- Subject 6 who receives the above-mentioned notification can, for example, provide feedback on the results of the medication effect assessment to the doctor and consult with the doctor to change the amount of medication prescribed to him/her.
- Subject 6 can also determine the amount of medication to be used that is tailored to the individual, reduce side effects, and adjust the medication to be used most effectively.
- the second notification unit 19 may also notify a third party other than the subject 6 of information regarding the result of the medication effect assessment.
- the second notification unit 19 notifies a third party other than the subject 6 of information related to the medication effect determination result.
- contact information for the third party is stored in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc., and the second notification unit 19 transmits information related to the medication effect determination result to the contact information indicated by the contact information. This can appropriately encourage the subject 6 to use an appropriate type or amount of medicine.
- the second notification unit 19 may notify information on the past medication effect judgment results of the subject 6 in addition to the current medication effect judgment result of the subject 6 (i.e., the latest medication effect judgment result supplied from the medication effect judgment unit 18).
- the second notification unit 19 may display the current medication effect judgment result of the subject 6 and the past medication effect judgment results of the subject 6 in a comparable manner.
- the second notification unit 19 may notify the individual medication effect judgment results obtained in the past, or may notify statistical data summarizing the past judgment results by statistical processing such as averaging the individual medication effect judgment results obtained in the past.
- the second notification unit 19 may also notify the medication effect judgment result obtained a predetermined period ago (e.g., one year ago) together with the current medication effect judgment result of the subject 6.
- the second notification unit 19 stores information about the obtained medication effect judgment result in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc., for example, each time a medication effect judgment result is obtained, so that information about past medication effect judgment results is stored in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- the second notification unit 19 can notify the subject or a third party of the current medication effect judgment result by comparing it with data from a predetermined period ago (for example, one year ago) if there is a tendency for the effectiveness of the medicine to change with aging.
- a predetermined period ago for example, one year ago
- aging can cause the liver and kidney functions to decline, which can lead to a phenomenon in which the medicine is too effective because it takes time for metabolism and excretion.
- the second notification unit 19 can notify a third party of the medication effect judgment result indicating that the amount taken was too small or that the effect of a combination drug may have occurred.
- the second notification unit 19 can prevent overdosing, etc., thereby reducing the frequency of hospitalization of subject 6 and preventing the deterioration of the condition.
- FIG. 7 is an example of a flowchart relating to a medication effect assessment process executed by the image processing device 1.
- the image processing device 1 determines whether or not the subject 6 has used medicine (i.e., administered medication) (step S11). If the image processing device 1 determines that medicine has been used (step S11; Yes), it acquires medication information indicating the dosage content and time of administration of the medicine used (step S12). The image processing device 1 determines whether or not medicine has been used in step S11 and acquires the medication information in step S12 based on, for example, user input via the input device 2 (including registration of an image immediately after administration). On the other hand, if it determines that medicine has not been used (step S11; No), the image processing device 1 continues to determine whether or not medicine has been used in step S11.
- medicine i.e., administered medication
- the image processing device 1 determines the timing of image capture based on the medication information (step S13). As a result, the image processing device 1 determines the timing of image capture to be the timing immediately after medication or the timing at which the medication effect estimated based on the medication information is at its peak, etc.
- the image processing device 1 determines whether or not one of the shooting timings determined in step S13 has arrived (step S14). If the image processing device 1 determines that one of the shooting timings determined in step S13 has arrived (step S14; Yes), it notifies the subject 6 of the shooting timing via the output device 3 (step S15). This causes the image processing device 1 to prompt the subject 6 to perform operations related to the camera 51 (including adjusting the shooting distance, etc.) required for pupil measurement. Note that in this case, the image processing device 1 may output guidance for stabilizing the focal length, guidance for adjusting the shooting distance, etc. via the output device 3.
- the image processing device 1 generates pupil information indicating at least the pupil size of the subject 6 based on the camera image captured by the camera 51 after the notification in step S15 (step S16). On the other hand, if the image processing device 1 determines that it is not time to capture an image (step S14; No), it continues to determine whether it is time to capture an image in step S14.
- step S17 determines whether or not there is any unprocessed shooting timing. In other words, the image processing device 1 determines whether or not the processing of steps S15 and S16 has been completed for all shooting timings determined in step S13. Then, if there is any unprocessed shooting timing (step S17; Yes), the image processing device 1 returns the processing to step S14.
- step S17 if there is no unprocessed shooting timing (step S17; No), the image processing device 1 judges the medication effect based on the pupil information generated in step S16 (step S18). Then, the image processing device 1 outputs information related to the judgment result of the medication effect (step S19). In this case, the image processing device 1 may display or output the information related to the judgment result of the medication effect by the output device 3, may store it in the storage device 4, etc., or may send it to the contact information of a third party other than the subject 6.
- Second Embodiment 8 shows a schematic configuration of a medication effect assessment system 100A in the second embodiment.
- the medication effect assessment system 100A according to the second embodiment has an image processing device 1A functioning as a server, and a terminal device 8 used by a subject and functioning as a client.
- the image processing device 1A and the terminal device 8 perform data communication via a network 99.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are appropriately designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the terminal device 8 is a terminal used by a user who is to be a subject, and has input, display, communication, and imaging functions, and functions as the input device 2, output device 3, and measurement device 5 including camera 51 shown in FIG. 1.
- the terminal device 8 may be, for example, a personal computer, a tablet terminal such as a smartphone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
- the terminal device 8 transmits the facial image of the subject output by the camera 51 to the image processing device 1A via the network 99.
- the image processing device 1A has the same hardware configuration as the image processing device 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the processor 11 of the image processing device 1A has the functional blocks shown in FIG. 4 described in the first embodiment.
- the image processing device 1A receives camera images from the terminal device 8 via the network 99 and executes a process for determining the medication effect of the subject.
- the image processing device 1A transmits an output signal for outputting the processing results to the terminal device 8 via the network 99 based on a display request from the terminal device 8.
- the image processing device 1A in the second embodiment performs processing related to determining the medication effect of the subject who is the user of the terminal device 8, and can present information related to the determination result of the medication effect to the subject via the terminal device 8 in an appropriate manner.
- Third Embodiment 9 is a block diagram of an image processing device 1X in the third embodiment.
- the image processing device 1X mainly includes a medication information acquisition unit 14X, an image capture timing determination unit 15X, and a pupil information generation unit 17X.
- the image processing device 1X may be composed of a plurality of devices.
- the medication information acquisition means 14X acquires medication information regarding the medication used by the subject.
- the medication information acquisition means 14X can be, for example, the medication information acquisition unit 14 in the first or second embodiment.
- the imaging timing determination means 15X determines the timing of imaging the subject by the imaging means based on the medication information.
- the imaging timing determination means 15X can be, for example, the imaging timing determination unit 15 in the first or second embodiment.
- the pupil information generating means 17X generates pupil information related to the subject's pupil based on the image generated by the image capturing means at the time of capturing.
- the pupil information generating means 17X can be, for example, the pupil information generating unit 17 in the first or second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an example of a flowchart executed by the image processing device 1X in the third embodiment.
- the medication information acquisition means 14X acquires medication information related to the medication used by the subject (step S21).
- the imaging timing determination means 15X determines the timing of imaging the subject by the imaging means based on the medication information (step S22).
- the pupil information generation means 17X generates pupil information related to the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the imaging means at the imaging timing (step S23).
- the image processing device 1X can suitably acquire pupil information regarding the pupils that change with the subject's use of medicine.
- Non-transitory computer readable medium includes various types of tangible storage medium.
- Examples of non-transitory computer readable medium include magnetic storage medium (e.g., flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), magneto-optical storage medium (e.g., magneto-optical disks), CD-ROM (Read Only Memory), CD-R, CD-R/W, and semiconductor memory (e.g., mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory)).
- the program may also be supplied to a computer by various types of transitory computer readable medium.
- Examples of transitory computer readable medium include electrical signals, optical signals, and electromagnetic waves.
- the temporary computer-readable medium can provide the program to the computer via a wired communication path, such as an electric wire or optical fiber, or via a wireless communication path.
- a medication information acquisition means for acquiring medication information regarding a drug used by a subject; an imaging timing decision means for deciding an imaging timing of the subject by the imaging means based on the medication information; a pupil information generating means for generating pupil information regarding the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the photographing means at the photographing timing;
- An image processing device comprising: [Appendix 2] 2. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a medication effect assessment means for assessing the effect of the medication based on the pupil information.
- the pupil information generating means generates the pupil information indicating at least a size of the pupil
- the image processing device according to claim 2 wherein the medication effect assessment means makes a judgment regarding the effect based on a change in the size of the pupil.
- the imaging timing determination means determines, based on the medication information, at least a timing at which the effect of the drug is estimated to reach its peak as the imaging timing.
- the imaging timing determination means determines, based on the medication information, at least a timing at which the effect of the medicine is estimated to begin to take effect as the imaging timing.
- [Appendix 6] The image processing device according to claim 1, wherein the imaging timing determination means determines, based on the medication information, at least a timing at which an effect of the medicine is estimated to decrease, as the imaging timing.
- the imaging timing determination means determines, based on the medication information, at least a timing at which an effect of the medicine is estimated to decrease, as the imaging timing.
- [Appendix 7] 2. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a notification means for notifying the subject that it is time to capture the image when the capture time arrives.
- the notification means outputs guidance information regarding a distance between the subject and the imaging means based on a measurement result of the iris of the subject using the image.
- Appendix 9 An image processing device as described in Appendix 2, having a notification means for notifying a third party other than the subject of the judgment result when the judgment result by the medication effect judgment means indicates that the effect is not within the appropriate range for a predetermined number of consecutive times or more.
- the computer Obtaining medication information regarding medications used by the subject; determining a timing for photographing the subject by an imaging means based on the medication information; generating pupil information regarding the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the imaging means at the imaging timing; Image processing methods.
- Appendix 11 Obtaining medication information regarding medications used by the subject; determining a timing for photographing the subject by an imaging means based on the medication information; A storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute a process for generating pupil information regarding the pupil of the subject based on the image generated by the imaging means at the imaging timing.
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Abstract
Description
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得する投薬情報取得手段と、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定する撮影タイミング決定手段と、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する瞳孔情報生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置である。
コンピュータが、
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法である。なお、「コンピュータ」は、あらゆる電子機器(電子機器に含まれるプロセッサであってもよい)を含み、かつ、複数の電子機器により構成されてもよい。
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体である。
(1)システム構成
図1は、第1実施形態に係る投薬効果判定システム100の概略構成を示す。投薬効果判定システム100は、可視光カメラにより被検者6の顔を撮影した画像に基づいて被検者6が使用した薬の効き具合(「投薬効果」とも呼ぶ。)を簡易的に判定するシステムであって、主に、画像処理装置1と、入力装置2と、出力装置3と、記憶装置4と、カメラ(撮影装置)51を含む計測装置5とを備える。投薬効果判定システム100は、セルフケアを目的として被検者6が利用するものであってもよく、医療従事者の指示又は要請の下に被検者6が利用するものであってもよい。投薬効果判定システム100は、例えば、投薬効果の確認、投薬量や投薬間隔の調整等に活用されてもよい。以後において、「投薬」とは、被検者6が薬を経口摂取することに限られず、皮膚摂取した場合も含まれるものとする。
図3は、画像処理装置1のハードウェア構成を示す。画像処理装置1は、ハードウェアとして、プロセッサ11と、メモリ12と、インターフェース13とを含む。プロセッサ11、メモリ12及びインターフェース13は、データバス90を介して接続されている。
次に、投薬効果の判定に関する処理である投薬効果判定処理について説明する。概略的には、画像処理装置1は、被検者6の投薬に関する投薬情報に基づき、カメラ画像の撮影タイミングを決定し、決定した撮影タイミングで撮影されたカメラ画像に基づき被検者6の瞳孔を計測する。そして、画像処理装置1は、計測した被検者6の瞳孔サイズの変化等に基づき、投薬効果の判定及び判定結果に関する情報の通知を行う。これにより、画像処理装置1は、カメラ画像に基づいて、投薬された薬の種類及び量によらず投薬効果に関する判定を的確に実行し、投薬効果に関する高精度な判定結果を被検者6等に通知することが可能となる。
まず、瞳孔情報の具体例について説明する。図5は、被検者6の顔を撮影したカメラ画像の一例である。
次に、撮影タイミング決定部15が決定する撮影タイミングについて説明する。図6は、被検者6がある薬を使用した後の被検者6の瞳孔サイズの変化の一例を示すグラフである。ここでは、一例として、投薬により瞳孔の散瞳が生じる薬を被検者6が使用した場合について説明する。
次に、第2通知部19による投薬効果の判定結果の通知の具体例について説明する。
図7は、画像処理装置1が実行する投薬効果判定処理に関するフローチャートの一例である。
図8は、第2実施形態における投薬効果判定システム100Aの概略構成を示す。第2実施形態に係る投薬効果判定システム100Aは、サーバとして機能する画像処理装置1Aと、被検者が使用し、クライアントとして機能する端末装置8とを有する。画像処理装置1Aと端末装置8とは、ネットワーク99を介してデータ通信を行う。以後では、第1実施形態と同一構成要素については、適宜同一符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
図9は、第3実施形態における画像処理装置1Xのブロック図である。画像処理装置1Xは、主に、投薬情報取得手段14Xと、撮影タイミング決定手段15Xと、瞳孔情報生成手段17Xと、を有する。なお、画像処理装置1Xは、複数の装置により構成されてもよい。
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得する投薬情報取得手段と、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定する撮影タイミング決定手段と、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する瞳孔情報生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置。
[付記2]
前記瞳孔情報に基づき、前記薬による効果に関する判定を行う投薬効果判定手段をさらに有する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記3]
前記瞳孔情報生成手段は、前記瞳孔のサイズを少なくとも示す前記瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記投薬効果判定手段は、前記瞳孔のサイズの変化に基づき前記効果に関する判定を行う、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記4]
前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果がピークになると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記5]
前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果が効き始めると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記6]
前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果が低下すると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記7]
前記撮影タイミングになった場合に、前記撮影タイミングであることを前記被検者に通知する通知手段をさらに有する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記8]
前記通知手段は、前記画像による前記被検者の虹彩の計測結果に基づき、前記被検者と前記撮影手段との距離に関する案内情報を出力する、付記7に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記9]
前記投薬効果判定手段による判定結果が、前記効果が適正範囲ではないことを所定回数以上連続して示す場合、前記被検者以外の第三者へ前記判定結果を通知する通知手段を有する、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記10]
コンピュータが、
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法。
[付記11]
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体。
2 入力装置
3 出力装置
4 記憶装置
5 計測装置
8 端末装置
11 プロセッサ
12 メモリ
13 インターフェース
51 カメラ
90 データバス
99 ネットワーク
100、100A 投薬効果判定システム
Claims (11)
- 被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得する投薬情報取得手段と、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定する撮影タイミング決定手段と、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する瞳孔情報生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置。 - 前記瞳孔情報に基づき、前記薬による効果に関する判定を行う投薬効果判定手段をさらに有する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記瞳孔情報生成手段は、前記瞳孔のサイズを少なくとも示す前記瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記投薬効果判定手段は、前記瞳孔のサイズの変化に基づき前記効果に関する判定を行う、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果がピークになると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果が効き始めると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記撮影タイミング決定手段は、前記投薬情報に基づき、前記薬による効果が低下すると推定されるタイミングを、前記撮影タイミングとして少なくとも決定する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記撮影タイミングになった場合に、前記撮影タイミングであることを前記被検者に通知する通知手段をさらに有する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記通知手段は、前記画像による前記被検者の虹彩の計測結果に基づき、前記被検者と前記撮影手段との距離に関する案内情報を出力する、請求項7に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記投薬効果判定手段による判定結果が、前記効果が適正範囲ではないことを所定回数以上連続して示す場合、前記被検者以外の第三者へ前記判定結果を通知する通知手段を有する、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。
- コンピュータが、
被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法。 - 被検者に使用された薬に関する投薬情報を取得し、
前記投薬情報に基づき、撮影手段による前記被検者の撮影タイミングを決定し、
前記撮影タイミングにおいて前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体。
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| JP2011015022A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | 通信異常通知システム |
| US20140268047A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Drexel University | Apparatus and method for assessing effects of drugs by recording ocular parameters |
-
2023
- 2023-03-27 WO PCT/JP2023/012154 patent/WO2024201646A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010005073A (ja) * | 2008-06-26 | 2010-01-14 | Canon Inc | 医療用撮影装置 |
| JP2011015022A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | 通信異常通知システム |
| US20140268047A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Drexel University | Apparatus and method for assessing effects of drugs by recording ocular parameters |
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| JPWO2024201646A1 (ja) | 2024-10-03 |
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