WO2024147630A1 - Ensemble électrode, son procédé de fabrication et son appareil de fabrication - Google Patents

Ensemble électrode, son procédé de fabrication et son appareil de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024147630A1
WO2024147630A1 PCT/KR2024/000101 KR2024000101W WO2024147630A1 WO 2024147630 A1 WO2024147630 A1 WO 2024147630A1 KR 2024000101 W KR2024000101 W KR 2024000101W WO 2024147630 A1 WO2024147630 A1 WO 2024147630A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
electrode
laminate
induction heating
separator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2024/000101
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김종석
김용남
Original Assignee
주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020230056357A external-priority patent/KR20240109161A/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020230195875A external-priority patent/KR102715880B1/ko
Application filed by 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 filed Critical 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션
Publication of WO2024147630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024147630A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0583—Construction or manufacture of accumulators with folded construction elements except wound ones, i.e. folded positive or negative electrodes or separators, e.g. with "Z"-shaped electrodes or separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/491—Porosity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode assembly, a manufacturing method for manufacturing the electrode assembly, and a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the electrode assembly.
  • secondary batteries can be recharged and have been extensively researched and developed in recent years due to their small size and high capacity.
  • technology development and demand for mobile devices increase, the demand for secondary batteries as an energy source is rapidly increasing.
  • Secondary batteries are classified into coin-shaped batteries, cylindrical batteries, square-shaped batteries, and pouch-shaped batteries, depending on the shape of the battery case.
  • the electrode assembly mounted inside the battery case in a secondary battery is a power generating element capable of charging and discharging with a stacked structure of electrodes and separators.
  • the separator is folded in a zigzag shape and the anode or cathode electrode is inserted between the stacked and folded separators to manufacture an electrode assembly in which the anode, separator, and cathode are stacked.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode, and includes stacking (stacking) a laminate including the first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode on a stack table. stacking step; An induction heating step of inductively heating the laminate; and a heat press step of heating and pressurizing the induction heated laminate.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode, wherein the electrode assembly is zig zag stacked, and after the zig zag stacking, the electrode assembly is heated. and an electrode assembly that is pressurized and satisfies Equation 1 below.
  • E B is the energy density (Wh/L) of the electrode assembly after heating and pressing.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing method and electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus can shorten the time for manufacturing the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application has the advantage of uniform performance due to small variation in separator air permeability depending on location.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front view showing the concept of an electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 and 5 are diagrams exemplarily showing a process of applying an electrode assembly manufacturing method or manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an induction heating unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7(a) is a perspective view showing the first heat press unit 50 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7(b) is a perspective view showing the second heat press unit 60 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing .
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the surface temperature change of the laminate during the process of manufacturing the electrode assembly of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing an adhesive force pattern of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrodes in the laminate can be heated to different temperatures depending on their positions, so the electrodes and the separator have different adhesion strengths depending on their positions. As a result, a problem may occur in which the performance of the electrode assembly becomes non-uniform depending on the location.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing method heats more heat in local areas within the laminate, especially in the center, through an induction heating step. And the heat applied to the local area is allowed to spread throughout the electrode assembly. And, by heating and pressurizing the electrode assembly in the heat press step following the induction heating step, the electrode assembly is heated uniformly as a whole.
  • a coil can be used to perform the induction heating, and this can be defined as an “induction heating coil.”
  • the induction heating method has the advantage of being easy to control the heat and time applied to the heating object. In addition, non-contact heating is also possible, so there is no damage to the object to be heated.
  • the induction heating step may heat the laminate to a temperature of 40°C or higher and 90°C or lower, preferably 50°C or higher and 80°C or lower.
  • the laminate can be heated without damaging the electrodes and separators inside the laminate.
  • the constant distance may be 15 mm or less. More specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the certain distance may be greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, and more preferably greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. When the above distance is satisfied, the electrode can be inductively heated without damaging the laminate as described above.
  • the waiting time may vary depending on the time the laminate is heated in the subsequent heat press step and the heating temperature range.
  • the separator may be supplied in the form of a separator sheet. That is, the additionally supplied separator may be supplied in a continuous form. Additionally, the “top surface” may refer to the surface opposite to the surface on which the separator or electrode is placed on the stack table.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing method may include a heat press step of heating and pressurizing the induction heated laminate as described above.
  • the heat press step may be heating the laminate while pressing it in the direction of the laminate axis. Additionally, the heat press step may be performed by a heat press unit described later.
  • the pair of pressure blocks may include a lower plate and an upper plate facing the lower plate.
  • the heat press step includes moving the laminate between a pair of pressing blocks; pressing the laminate by moving the pair of press blocks in the direction of the laminate axis; And it may include heating the laminate using a separately provided press heater.
  • the press heater may be included in the pressurizing block or may be provided as a separate configuration.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing method may further include the step of releasing the gripper from the gripper before the heat pressing step.
  • the step of releasing the grip of the gripper includes stopping pressing the upper surface of the laminate by the gripper; And it may include separating the gripper from the stack.
  • the heat press step may heat and press the laminate for 5 to 60 seconds under temperature conditions of 50°C to 90°C and pressure conditions of 0.5Mpa to 6.0Mpa. More preferably, the laminate may be heated and pressed for 5 to 30 seconds at a temperature of 65°C to 90°C and a pressure of 1.0Mpa to 6.0Mpa. More preferably, the laminate may be heated and pressed for 7 to 25 seconds at a temperature of 65°C to 85°C and a pressure of 3Mpa to 5.5Mpa.
  • the heat press step is not performed while the induction heating step is in progress.
  • a method of manufacturing an electrode assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an induction heating step; and heat press steps may be performed sequentially. Additionally, the induction heating step; And a waiting step may be additionally performed between the heat press steps.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode.
  • the state of a semi-finished product in which a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode are repeatedly stacked can be expressed as a laminate, and a separator winding process is performed on the semi-finished product to classify one distinct component into an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus is characterized by including an induction heating unit.
  • the induction heating unit of the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus of the present invention performs the above-described induction heating step. That is, when using the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the laminate including the first electrode, the separator, and the second electrode is uniformly heated during the heat press step by the heat press unit, thereby forming each layer in the laminate. Uniform adhesion can be ensured between devices. Through this, it is possible to manufacture an electrode assembly with uniform performance while reducing the volume of the electrode assembly by reducing the variation in separator air permeability, the variation in separator thickness change, and the variation in adhesion depending on the stacking position of the electrode assembly. In addition, an electrode assembly with increased energy density per unit volume can be manufactured.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus includes a separator supply unit that supplies a separator to a stack table; a first electrode supply unit that supplies the first electrode to the stack table; And it may further include a second electrode supply unit that supplies the second electrode to the stack table.
  • the induction heating unit may include an induction heating coil, and may be a gripper that grips the laminate in order to transfer the laminate to the heat press unit. That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, the induction heating unit may be a gripper that grips the laminate to transfer the laminate to the heat press unit.
  • the gripper may include an induction heating coil. As described above, the induction heating coil may be built into the gripper or may be installed outside the gripper. If the gripper functions as an induction heating unit, process space for installing the induction heating unit can be saved, and since induction heating can be performed while transporting, the process time can also be shortened.
  • the gripper may perform a function of gripping the stacked product while transferring the stacked product from the stack table to the heat press unit.
  • the induction heating unit may be installed separately from the gripper. That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, a gripper for gripping and transferring the laminate may be further included between the stack table and the induction heating unit, and the induction heating unit may grip the laminate with the gripper. It may be induction heating in this state. Thereafter, the gripper may transfer the induction heated laminate to the heat press unit while holding the laminate. As a result, the laminate can be transferred without unnecessarily gripping or releasing the laminate in an adjacent step.
  • the induction heating unit may be installed separately from the gripper that transports the laminate. That is, the induction heating unit includes an induction heating device including an induction heating coil; And it may include a moving part that moves the induction heating device to the surface of the laminate. When the moving part moves the induction heating device to an appropriate distance to the laminate, the induction heating device can inductively heat the laminate. When induction heating of the laminate is completed, the moving part may separate the induction heating device from the laminate.
  • part refers to an interface that performs a specific function within the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus.
  • the induction heating coil of the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus may be in contact with the laminate or may be spaced apart by a certain distance.
  • the constant distance may be 15 mm or less, and more specifically, may be greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, and more preferably greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.
  • the induction heating unit may include an induction heating coil and an induction heating plate.
  • the induction heating coil may be included inside an induction heating plate containing a non-conductive material.
  • the induction heating plate may include an alternating current generator that provides alternating current to the induction heating coil, and may function to protect the induction heating coil.
  • the purpose of using a non-conductive material as a material for the induction heating plate is to prevent the induced current caused by the induction heating coil from being generated in the induction heating plate.
  • the induction heating plate may be a mold made of a non-conductive material.
  • the non-conductive material may be epoxy, but is not limited thereto.
  • the induction heating coil and the induction heating plate may be formed as one set.
  • the conditions for proceeding with the induction heating step and the conditions for proceeding with the waiting step can be set by the control unit. For each condition, the details described above in the electrode assembly manufacturing method may be applied.
  • the pair of press blocks may include a press heater therein.
  • the heat press unit may be divided into two heat press units. That is, it may include a first heat press unit and a second heat press unit.
  • the conditions for heating and pressurizing the laminate with the heat press unit are the same as the conditions for the heat press step described above.
  • An embodiment of the present invention includes a first press unit including induction heating and a second press unit for heating and pressing the induction heated electrode assembly after the electrode assembly is completed by assembling the laminate on the stacking table. do.
  • a significant temperature difference may occur at a location inside the electrode assembly, especially between the outermost part of the electrode assembly and the center of the electrode assembly. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a large electrode assembly, it can show the advantage of uniformly heating the entire electrode assembly regardless of the position within the electrode assembly even if the electrode assembly is thick.
  • the first electrode supply unit may include at least one of a first electrode seating table, a first electrode roll, a first cutter, a first conveyor belt, and a first electrode supply head.
  • the first electrode stack unit may include a first suction head that vacuum-suctions the first electrode seated on the first electrode seating table.
  • the first electrode can be moved from the first electrode seating table to the stack table through the first electrode stack unit.
  • the first electrode may be an anode and the second electrode may be a cathode.
  • the first electrode may be a cathode and the second electrode may be an anode.
  • the particulate binder resin may include at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorine-based polymers, acrylic polymer particles, acrylic polymer particles, and hybrid polymer particles of acrylic polymers.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the process flow of the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the process flow of the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the holding mechanism 170, heat press unit 180, and induction heating unit 190 shown in FIG. 2 are omitted in FIG. 1, and in FIG. 2, the separator supply unit 120 shown in FIG. 1 is shown. It is shown omitted.
  • the electrode assembly manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a first electrode stack unit that stacks the first electrode 11 supplied by the first electrode supply unit 130 on the stack table 110. It includes a second electrode stack unit 160 that stacks the second electrode 12 supplied by 150 and the second electrode supply unit 140 on the stack table 110. At this time, the separator 14 supplied by the separator supply unit 120 is stacked in a zigzag shape while alternately reciprocating the left and right sides of the stacking axis with respect to the stacking axis.
  • either the first electrode 11 or the second electrode 12 is alternately inserted into the space (between the separator and the separator) created when the separator 14 is folded, and as a result, the first electrode 11 , a stack in which the separator 14, the second electrode 12, and the separator 14 are repeatedly stacked is placed on the stack table 110.
  • the separator supply unit 120 may include a separator heating unit 121 and a separator roll 122.
  • the separator heating unit 121 can be selectively applied.
  • the first electrode supply unit 130 includes a first electrode seating table 131, a first electrode heater 132 (not shown), a first electrode roll 133, a first cutter 134, and a first conveyor belt. It may include (135) and a first electrode supply head (136).
  • the first electrode heater 132 (not shown) can be selectively applied.
  • the second electrode supply unit 140 includes a second electrode seating table 141, a second electrode heater 142 (not shown), a second electrode roll 143, a second cutter 144, and a second conveyor belt ( 145) and a second electrode supply head 146.
  • the second electrode heater 142 (not shown) can be selectively applied.
  • the first electrode stack unit 150 stacks the first electrode 11 on the stack table 110.
  • the first electrode stack unit 150 may include a first suction head 151, a first head heater 152 (not shown), and a first moving unit 153.
  • the second electrode stack unit 160 stacks the second electrode 12 on the stack table 110.
  • the second electrode stack unit 160 may include a second suction head 161, a second head heater 162 (not shown), and a second moving unit 163.
  • the fixing part 51b can adjust its position along the height direction of the main body 51a, so that the fixing part 51b can fix the laminate (S) by contacting the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate (S). there is.
  • the manufacturing method of the electrode assembly of the present invention involves induction heating the laminate and then performing a heat press process to heat and pressurize the laminate.
  • the laminate is inductively heated, the entire laminate is heated evenly and a certain amount of adhesion can be developed between the separator and the electrode in the entire area of the laminate.
  • the first heat press operation which is a kind of temporary adhesion step, can be omitted.
  • a reduction in the volume of the electrode assembly can be implemented through a separator.
  • compressing the separator after zigzag stacking means that the separator of the electrode assembly is compressed compared to the separator before compression.
  • the compressibility of the separator can be calculated through the difference between the thickness of the supplied separator (fabric thickness, before the process) and the thickness of the separator after the electrode assembly is completed (after the process).
  • the air permeability of the separator located in the middle of the electrode assembly is 80 sec/100ml to 120 sec/100ml, preferably 80 sec/100ml to 110 sec/100ml, more preferably 85 sec. /100ml to 100 sec/100ml.
  • the anode and cathode were supplied using an electrode stack unit including a suction head, a non-contact electrode heater, and a moving unit, respectively.
  • the anode or cathode laminated on the uppermost side of the stack table was stacked using a holding mechanism.
  • a laminate (electrode assembly) in which the anode, cathode, and separator were zigzag stacked was manufactured.
  • Example 1 The electrode assemblies of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were evaluated for withstand voltage. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
  • Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 The electrode assembly of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was disassembled to collect the separator corresponding to the middle position between the top and bottom of the electrode assembly based on the stacking direction of the electrode assembly, and then cut to 5 cm A separator sample of size (X vertical) was prepared. Afterwards, the membrane sample was washed with an organic solvent.
  • the top, bottom, and middle air permeability of the electrode assembly according to the present invention were 80 sec/100 ml or more.
  • the top air permeability, bottom air permeability, and middle air permeability of the electrode assembly according to the present invention did not exceed 120 sec/100 ml.
  • the electrode assembly according to the present invention satisfies the management level as a good electrode assembly.
  • Example 1 the deviation in air permeability between each location in Example 1 was less than 20 sec/100ml, which is managed as a good product, and it can be judged to be substantially uniform at 10 sec/100ml or less.
  • the adhesion of the electrode assembly of Example 1 was evaluated. After separating the electrode assembly of Example 1, the adhesive strength of the separated upper, lower, and middle surfaces was evaluated. Adhesion was measured between the separator located at the top and bottom of the laminate and the anode. Then, the adhesion between the anode and the separator located in the middle along the stacking direction of the laminate was measured.
  • the method of measuring adhesion is as follows.
  • the sample was adhered to the slide glass so that the electrode was positioned on the adhesive side of the slide glass. Afterwards, the slide glass with the sample attached was placed on the adhesion measuring device, and then a 90-degree peeling test was performed at a speed of 100 mm/min according to the test method specified in ASTM-D6862.
  • the electrode assembly manufactured through induction heating showed almost uniform variation in adhesion with the anode at the top, bottom, and middle portions of the electrode assembly, ranging from 3.1 gf/20mm to 3.6gf/20mm. .
  • the electrode assembly manufactured using the electrode assembly device and method of the present invention had excellent stability of the electrode and separator and had an appropriate level of air permeability without deformation of the separator.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble électrode, un procédé de fabrication de l'ensemble électrode et un appareil de fabrication de l'ensemble électrode. Le procédé comprend : une étape d'empilement dans laquelle un stratifié comprenant une première électrode, un séparateur et une seconde électrode est empilé sur une table d'empilement ; une étape de chauffage par induction dans laquelle le stratifié est chauffé par induction ; et une étape de pressage à chaud dans laquelle le stratifié chauffé par induction est chauffé et pressé, et peut ainsi réduire la différence de température entre des électrodes et fournir un ensemble électrode à performances uniformes.
PCT/KR2024/000101 2023-01-03 2024-01-03 Ensemble électrode, son procédé de fabrication et son appareil de fabrication WO2024147630A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR20230000712 2023-01-03
KR10-2023-0000712 2023-01-03
KR10-2023-0056357 2023-04-28
KR1020230056357A KR20240109161A (ko) 2023-01-03 2023-04-28 전극 조립체, 그 제조 방법 및 그 제조 장치
KR1020230195875A KR102715880B1 (ko) 2023-01-03 2023-12-29 전극 조립체, 그 제조 방법 및 그 제조 장치
KR10-2023-0195875 2023-12-29

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WO2024147630A1 true WO2024147630A1 (fr) 2024-07-11

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130132230A (ko) * 2012-05-25 2013-12-04 주식회사 엘지화학 단차를 갖는 전극 조립체 및 이를 포함하는 전지셀, 전지팩 및 디바이스
KR20190097666A (ko) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-21 주식회사 엘지화학 전극 조립체 제조방법 및 이차전지 제조방법
KR20200125024A (ko) * 2019-04-25 2020-11-04 주식회사 엘지화학 전극 조립체 제조장치와, 이를 통해 제조된 전극 조립체 및 이차전지
CN113013471A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-22 深圳吉阳智能科技有限公司 烘箱前置热复合叠片装置
KR20210106002A (ko) * 2019-04-10 2021-08-27 엘지전자 주식회사 이차전지의 셀 적층장치 및 이를 포함하는 제조 시스템

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130132230A (ko) * 2012-05-25 2013-12-04 주식회사 엘지화학 단차를 갖는 전극 조립체 및 이를 포함하는 전지셀, 전지팩 및 디바이스
KR20190097666A (ko) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-21 주식회사 엘지화학 전극 조립체 제조방법 및 이차전지 제조방법
KR20210106002A (ko) * 2019-04-10 2021-08-27 엘지전자 주식회사 이차전지의 셀 적층장치 및 이를 포함하는 제조 시스템
KR20200125024A (ko) * 2019-04-25 2020-11-04 주식회사 엘지화학 전극 조립체 제조장치와, 이를 통해 제조된 전극 조립체 및 이차전지
CN113013471A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-22 深圳吉阳智能科技有限公司 烘箱前置热复合叠片装置

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