WO2024132360A1

WO2024132360A1 - Hydratable concentrate composition having surfactant and low or no palm kernel oil derived structurant

Info

Publication number: WO2024132360A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/082857
Authority: WO
Inventors: Douglas John Hiban; Tirucherai Varahan Vasudevan; Teanoosh Moaddel
Original assignee: Unilever Ip Holdings B.V.; Unilever Global Ip Limited; Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever
Priority date: 2022-12-22
Filing date: 2023-11-23
Publication date: 2024-06-27

Abstract

The invention is directed to a hydratable concentrated surfactant composition. The composition is pourable, easy to dilute, substantially free of sulfate and oil, comprises a low or no palm kernel oil derived structurant, anionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both. The composition is in lamellar phase and thickens and transforms to an isotropic phase upon dilution. The composition can be used as a concentrate in small volumes and diluted as used and needed or can be diluted with water in refill packaging to ensure a reduction in plastic waste.

Description

HYDRATABLE CONCENTRATE COMPOSITION HAVING SURFACTANT AND LOW OR NO PALM KERNEL OIL DERIVED STRUCTURANT

Field of the Invention

The present invention is directed to a hydratable and lamellar concentrate composition comprising surfactant and low or no palm kernel oil derived structurant. The composition is pourable, substantially free of at least one of sulfate, paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone, dioxane and oil, and comprises a C12-C20 lactylate , anionic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both. The concentrate composition is in lamellar phase and thickens and transforms to an isotropic wash composition upon dilution. The composition can be used as a concentrate in small volumes and diluted on demand or can be diluted with water in refill packaging to ensure a reduction in plastic waste.

Background of the Invention

Liquid based cleansing compositions, such as shampoos and body washes, are common and enjoyed by many consumers. Such compositions typically have water as the predominant ingredient, and they are often sold in plastic bottles or tubes. The compositions are conventionally formulated to have a viscosity that is customary for consumer use and easy for evacuation from the package they are sold in.

It is often publicized that the world’s oceans will soon have more plastic than marine life. Given the environmental concerns and the desire for consumers and conscious companies to do more for the planet, there is a strong desire to use less plastic when selling products, including consumer products. In addition to plastic reduction, a reduction in the use of palm kernel oil is also desirable since less use of palm kernel oil invariably leads to a reduction in global deforestation.

It is of increasing interest to develop a concentrate that is easy to pour and hydrate and results in a consumer product that is ready to use with desirable characteristics, like viscosity. It is also desirable to yield a wash composition from the concentrate that is substantially free of at least one of sulfate, paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone, dioxane and oil, and especially, one that is not highly dependent on palm kernel oil derived structurants. This invention, therefore, is directed to a concentrate composition that comprises a C12-C20 lactylate, anionic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both. The composition is hydratable, in lamellar phase, and thickens and transforms to an isotropic end use wash composition upon dilution. An isotropic composition means its properties are uniform in all directions. An isotropic composition is typically clear. The composition can be used as a concentrate and diluted on demand or can be diluted with water in refill packaging to ensure a reduction in plastic waste while simultaneously not being highly dependent on palm kernel oil derived structurants.

Additional Information

Efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication 2019/031258 A1 , rheofluidifying concentrated foaming compositions are described.

Even other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication 2018/098923 A1 , personal care compositions substantially free of sulfated surfactants are described.

In U.S. Patent No. 6,737,394 B2, disclosed is an aqueous isotropic liquid cleansing and moisturizing composition having a surfactant, thickening agent, and organo-gel particles.

Still other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application 2019/282480 A1 , self-thickening cleansing compositions with N-acyl acidic amino acids or salts thereof and an amphoteric surfactant are described.

Other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In WO 2019/000407 A1 , a sulfate free wash composition having a cationic cyclopolymer is described.

None of the additional information describes concentrate and wash compositions as described and claimed herein.

Summary of the Invention

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition having a viscosity from 20 to 11 ,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 25 to 8,000 mPa-s (cps), and most preferably, from 200 to 3,750 mPa-s (cps) (or 250 to 3,500 mPa-s (cps) or 275 to 3,350 mPa-s (cps)) wherein the composition thickens and increases in viscosity when diluted with water at a composition to water weight ratio from 1 :1 to 1 :10, and preferably, 1 :1.8 to 1 :7, and most preferably, 1 :2 to 1 :6 (or 1 :2.5 to 1 :5 or 1 :2.9 to 1 :4.5 or 1 :2.95 to 1 :4.45) to produce an isotropic end use composition having a viscosity from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 2,000 to 15,000 mPa-s (cps), and most preferably, from 3,000 to 12,000 mPa-s (cps) (or 3,200 to 10,000 mPa-s (cps) or 3,450 to 9,250 mPa-s (cps)), the hydratable concentrated surfactant composition comprising a Ci2-C2o lactylate, and having a pH from 5.75 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35 (or from 6.3 to 7.3 or from 6.4 to 7.2).

In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition of the first aspect of the invention wherein the C12-C20 lactylate has 40 to 100%, and preferably, 50 to 95%, and most preferably, 60 to 90% (or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80%) of a C14-C20 (or C16-C20 or Ci6-Cis) group (i.e., acyl portion).

In a third aspect, the present invention is directed to the hydratable concentrate lamellar surfactant composition having a viscosity from 20 to 11 ,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 25 to 8,000 mPa- s (cps), and most preferably, from 200 to 3,750 mPa-s (cps) (or 250 to 3,500 mPa-s (cps) or 275 to 3,350 mPa-s (cps)) wherein the composition thickens and increases in viscosity when diluted with water at a composition to water weight ratio from 1 :1 to 1 :10, and preferably, 1 :1.8 to 1 :7, and most preferably, 1 :2 to 1 :6 (or 1 :2.5 to 1 :5 or 1 :2.9 to 1 :4.5 or 1 :2.95 to 1 :4.45) to produce an isotropic end use wash composition having a viscosity from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 2,000 to 15,000 mPa-s (cps), and most preferably, from 3,000 to 12,000 mPa-s (cps) (or 3,200 to 10,000 mPa-s (cps) or 3,450 to 9,250 mPa-s (cps)) wherein the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition comprises: a) anionic surfactant substantially free of sulfate; b) amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant; c) a C12-C20 lactylate, and d) from 30 to 85% by weight water, the isotropic end use composition having a viscosity that is greater than the viscosity of the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition, the concentrate and end use composition having a pH from 6 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35 (or from 6.3 to 7.3 or from 6.4 to 7.2).

In a fourth aspect, the invention is directed to an end use composition prepared by a process of diluting one of the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant compositions of the first two aspects of the invention. In a fifth aspect, the invention is directed to the use of the end use composition of the third and fourth aspect of the invention to cosmetically treat and wash skin or hair or wash an inanimate object.

As used herein, “compositions” with no qualifier is meant to mean the hydratable composition and end use composition of this invention. For the avoidance of doubt and, again, (lamellar) structurant as used herein means a component added to a composition, such as a wash composition, to aid in inducing surfactants to arrange as micelle plates or layers. They are thereby yielding a translucent or opaque lamellar composition, such as a wash composition.

Structurant not being highly dependent on palm kernel oil means less than 100% or less than 90% or less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% or from 3 to less than 60%, or from 8 to 55% or from 10 to 45% or from 15 to 40% by weight of the total weight of structurant is derived from palm kernel oil. In another embodiment, not being highly dependent on palm kernel oil means at least 5 to 100% or at least 10 to 70% or at least 45% to 80% or at least 60 to 75% or at least 60 to 100% by weight of the total weight of the structurant has a C14-C20 (or preferably, Cw- C20, or most preferably, C -Cis) group (i.e. , acyl portion not derived from palm kernel oil). In still another embodiment no (0.0%) by weight of the total weight of structurant is derived from palm kernel oil. In yet another embodiment, from 60 to 100% by weight of the structurant used is not derived from palm kernel oil. Hydratable, as used herein, means adding water (i.e., diluting) to a lamellar concentrate composition that has water to yield a final end use composition that is ready to use. Skin, as used herein, is meant to include skin on the arms (including underarms), face, feet, neck, chest, hands, feet legs, buttocks and scalp (including hair). Hydratable and lamellar concentrate surfactant composition (“hydratable composition”) means a lamellar composition that increases in viscosity when water is added to the composition to thereby produce an isotropic end use composition suitable for topical application whereby lamellar means a composition with over 85% of all micelles in the composition arranged as plates or layers creating a translucent or opague hydratable composition. The hydratable composition is one which is suitable to have a viscosity from 20 to 11 ,000 mPa-s (cps). Such end use composition is one suitable to be wiped or washed off, and preferably, washed off with water. The end use composition can be a home care cleaning composition but is preferably a shampoo, make-up wash, facial wash, hand wash, or personal care and liquid body wash. In an embodiment of the invention, the end use composition can have a viscosity from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s (cps) when a body wash or shampoo and from 1 ,800 to 7,000 mPa-s (cps) or 1 ,900 to 6,500 mPa-s (cps) or from 2,000 to 6,000 mPa-s (cps) (or 2,200 to 5,575 mPa-s (cps)) when a hand wash. The end use composition may, optionally, comprise medicinal or therapeutic agents, but preferably, is a wash which is cosmetic and non-therapeutic to remove dirt, oil or the like from surfaces including skin and hair. In one embodiment of the invention, the end use composition is a home care composition like a glass, tabletop or toilet cleaning composition. In another embodiment, the end use composition is a shampoo composition. In still another embodiment, the end use composition is a personal wash composition, and therefore, a liquid body wash. As hereinafter described, the end use composition of the present invention may optionally comprise skin benefit ingredients added thereto such as emollients, vitamins and/or derivatives thereof, resorcinols, retinoic acid precursors, colorants, moisturizers, sunscreens, antibacterial agents, mixtures thereof or the like. The skin benefit ingredients (or agents) may be water or oil soluble. If used, oil soluble skin benefit agents typically make up to 2.5% by weight of the hydratable composition whereby water-soluble skin benefit agents, when used, typically make up to 15% by weight of the hydratable composition of the present invention. The hydratable composition and end use composition typically have a pH from 5.75 to 7.75. Viscosity, unless noted otherwise, is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 4-15 s^-1 at 25 °C. Increase in viscosity means the hydratable composition of the present invention will have a starting viscosity that is lower than the final viscosity after water is added and the resulting end use composition is made. The end use composition is made by combining water and hydratable composition and mixing (with moderate shear like stirring, preferably shaking by hand) the same to produce the end use composition having a higher viscosity than the hydratable concentrate it is made from. In another embodiment, the hydratable composition may be applied directly to, for example, a consumer and when water and shear are applied (like, for example, shearing with the hand and water from a sink or shower) the desired end use composition may be made. As used herein, “substantially free of” as it relates to sulfate means less than 6.0% by weight of the end use composition, and preferably, less than 3%, and most preferably, less than 2% even more preferably, less than 1 % (or less than 0.5%) by weight of the end use composition. In an embodiment of the invention, “substantially free of sulfate includes a composition with no (0.0%) by weight sulfate. Regarding the nonsulfate-based ingredients (i.e. , ingredients, like a hydantoin, that are not anionic sulfate comprising surfactants), substantially free of means less than 0.5% by weight, and preferably, less than 0.3%, and most preferably, less than 0.2%, (or less than 0.1 % (or less than 0.05%) by weight of the end use composition. As to the non-sulfate based ingredients, substantially free of also includes no (0.0%) by weight of the ingredient in the end use composition. With respect to all ingredients that the compositions of the present invention may be substantially free of, it is within the scope of the invention to include from 0.001 to 0.045% by weight of such ingredient. In yet another preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention comprise less than 35 ppm, preferably less than 25 ppm, and most preferably, less than 15 ppm dioxane or less than 2 ppm or less than 1 ppm dioxane. In another embodiment, the compositions comprise from 0.00001 to 0.00005% by weight dioxane like 1 ,4-dioxane.

As to the C12 -C20 lactylate (i.e., used as structurant), the same can be a mono- or polylactyl or mixture thereof as lactic acid can, for example, undergo self-esterification. Therefore, C12 -C20 lactylate includes lactylic esters of fatty acids represented by the formula:

where R^a is a C¹¹ to C¹⁹ hydrocarbon, each R^b is independently hydrogen or a C1.3 alkyl, u is an integer from 0 to 3 and Y+ is a counter ion that can include K⁺, Na⁺ or NH₄ ⁺or a mixture thereof whereby when both the R^b groups are optionally hydrogen the structurant represented is a glycolate.

The term comprising is meant to encompass the terms consisting essentially of and consisting of. For the avoidance of doubt, and for illustration, the end use composition of this invention comprising surfactant, water and active is meant to include a composition consisting essentially of the same and a composition consisting of the same. All ranges defined herein are meant to include all ranges subsumed therein. Except in the operating comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts or ratios of materials or conditions and/or physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”. The disclosure, as found herein, is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy. Detailed Description of the Invention

As to the anionic surfactant, the same typically makes up from 0.05 to 30% by weight of the hydratable composition. In an embodiment of the invention, the anionic surfactant makes up from 0.5 to 25% by weight, and preferably, from to 0.8 to 20% by weight of the hydratable composition. Still in another embodiment, anionic surfactant makes up from 12 to 18% by weight of the hydratable composition. In even another embodiment, the anionic surfactant is 15 to 100%, and preferably, from 30 to 85%, and most preferably, from 35 to 80% by weight acyl isethionate, based on total weight of anionic surfactant. In still another embodiment, the acyl isethionate is used with an additional anionic surfactant which preferably includes an acyl taurate (defined to include an acyl C1.4 alkyl taurate, preferably an acyl methyl taurate), a glutamate and/or a glycinate. When anionic surfactant in addition to isethionate is used, in an often-preferred embodiment, the additional anionic surfactant is an acyl methyl taurate which can typically make up from 40 to 85%, and preferably, from 50 to 82%, and most preferably, from 60 to 80%, by weight by weight of the total anionic surfactant in the hydratable composition.

As to the amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant used in the hydratable composition, the same typically makes up from 0.1 to 45%, and preferably, from 0.5 to 35%, and most preferably, from 12 to 25% by weight of the hydratable composition.

To, for example, aid in hydratable composition structuring and hydration, Ci2-C2o lactylate is used. In an embodiment of the invention, such C12 -C20 lactylate has 40 to 100%, and preferably, 50 to 95%, and most preferably, 60 to 90% (or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80%) of a C14-C20 (orCi6-C2o or Cw- Cis) group (i.e., acyl portion). Structurant (or structuring agent) like a Ce -Cu acid and/or alcohol (i.e. , derivative of the acid thereof) can optionally be included and will make up less than 25%, and preferably, less than 20%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 12% (or 0.01 to 7%) by weight of the total amount of structurant when used in the compositions. Typically, total structurant used makes up from 0.1 to 16%, and preferably, from 1.8 to 12%, and most preferably, from 3 to 9% (or 3.5 to 8% or 4 to 7.2%) by weight of the hydratable composition. The preferred lactylates used as structurants are C14-C20 lactylates, and more preferably, C16-C18 lactylates like palmitoyl-1 -, stearoyl-1- lactylate or mixtures thereof. Polylactyls (typically numbering from two to three lactyl groups) are also suitable for use, like palmitoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl-2- lactylate or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, palmitoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl-2- lactylate or mixtures thereof are preferred. Fatty acid sources are typically vegetable, soy, coconut and palm oil, and in a preferred embodiment, of the invention, less than 60%, and preferably, less than 45%, and most preferably, less than 30% by weight of the structurant used based on total weight of structurant is derived from palm kernel oil. In an embodiment of the invention, from 0.001 to 39%, and preferably, from 0.01 to 35%, and most preferably, from 1 to 26% by weight of total structurant used in the compositions is derived from palm kernel oil.

Yet another anionic suitable for optional use is when the R^b groups are hydrogen and the anionic represented by formula (III) is a glycolate.

In even another embodiment, the structurants used in the present invention, including the optional structurants can comprise from 1 to 20%, or 1 to 15%, or 2 to 11 % by weight carbon recovered from carbon capture (e.g., purple carbon) based on total weight of carbon in the structurant.

Inorganic salt is an optional but often desired ingredient to aid in composition thickening. Typical salts may be used like NaCI, KCI, MgCh, CaCh, mixtures thereof or the like. Typically, the inorganic salt makes up from 0 to 15%, and preferably, from 1 to 12%, and most preferably, from 0.75 to 4.5% by weight of the hydratable composition.

Polymeric viscosity aids are an optional but often desired ingredient in the hydratable composition of the present invention. Preferred polymers are those generally classified as high molecular weight ethoxylated fatty acid esters. Illustrative examples include PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG 18 glyceryloleate/cocoate, PEG 150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate, mixtures thereof or the like. The often-preferred polymeric viscosity aid is PEG 150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate which is sold under the Versathix name by Croda. When used, such aids make up from 0.01 to 0.9%, and preferably, from 0.15 to 0.7%, and most preferably, from 0.15 to 0.5 (or 0.1% to 0.4% or 0.12 to 0.3%) by weight of the hydratable composition.

While sulfate based surfactants can optionally be used, in another embodiment of the invention, less than 3.0% by weight sulfate based surfactant is present in the end use composition of the present invention, preferably less than 1.0% by weight, and most preferably, no (0.0% by weight) sulfate based surfactant. In the present invention, the hydratable composition should be formulated such that upon dilution, the desired component/ingredient levels (such as sulfate levels) in the end use composition are attained.

As to anionic surfactants suitable for use in the hydratable composition and end use composition of the present invention, the anionic surfactant used can include aliphatic sulfonates, such as a primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) sulfonate, primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) disulfonate, C8-C22 alkene sulfonate, C8-C22 hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS); or aromatic sulfonates such as alkyl benzene sulfonate. The anionic may also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C12-C18 alkyl sulfate) or alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates). Among the alkyl ether sulfates are those having the formula:

RO(CH₂CH₂O)_nSO₃M wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average value of at least 1 .0, preferably less than 5, and most preferably 1 to 4, and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium.

The anionic may also include alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C6-C22 sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates (often and preferably methyl taurates), alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-C22 alkyl phosphates and phosphonates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C8-C22 monoalkyl succinates and maleates, sulphoacetates, alkyl glucosides and acyl isethionates, and the like.

Sulfosuccinates may be monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having the formula:

R¹0₂CCH₂CH(SO3M)CO₂M ; and amide-MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula:

R¹CONHCH2CH2O2CCH₂CH(SO3M)CO2l\/l wherein R¹ ranges from C₈-C₂₂ alkyl.

Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formula:

R²CON(CH₃)CH2CC>2M, wherein R² ranges from C8-C20 alkyl.

Taurates are generally identified by formula:

R³CONR⁴CH₂CH₂SO₃M wherein R³ is a C8-C20 alkyl, R⁴ is a C1-C4 alkyl.

M is a solubilizing cation as previously described. The isethionates that may be used include Cs-C acyl isethionates (including those which have a substituted head group such as a C1.4 alkyl substitution, preferably methyl substitution). These esters are prepared by a reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. Often at least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% have from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

The acyl isethionate used may be an alkoxylated isethionate such as is described in llardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,466, entitled "Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated isethonic acid; issued Feb. 28, 1995; hereby incorporated by reference. This compound has the general formula:

R⁵C-O(O)-C(X)H-C(Y)H-(OCH₂- CH₂)_m— SO3M wherein R⁵ is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M is a solubilizing cation as previously described.

In an embodiment of the invention, an anionic surfactant used is sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate or a mixture thereof. Such anionic surfactants are commercially available from commonly employed suppliers. Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium methyl lauroyl isethionate or mixtures thereof are the preferred anionics suitable for use.

Additional anionic surfactants suitable for use include alaninates, aspartates and mixtures of the same. Optionally desired for use are sodium cocoyl alaninate, sodium cocoyl aspartate or mixtures thereof.

Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use in the invention (which depending on pH can be zwitterionic) include sodium acyl amphoacetates, sodium acyl amphopropionates, disodium acyl amphodiacetates and disodium acyl amphodipropionates where the acyl (i.e. , alkanoyl group) can comprise a C7-C18 alkyl portion. Illustrative examples of the amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate and mixtures thereof. As to the zwitterionic surfactants that may be employed in the present invention, such surfactants include at least one acid group. Such an acid group may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They often include quaternary nitrogen, and therefore, can be quaternary amino acids. They should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 7 to 18 carbon atoms generally comply with an overall structural formula:

R⁶-[-C(O)-NH(CH₂)_q-]r--N⁺-(R⁷-)(R⁸)A-B where R⁶ is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms; R⁷ and R⁸ are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; q is 2 to 4; r is 0 to 1 ; A is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl, and B is --CO2-- or --SO3--.

Suitable zwitterionic surfactants for use in the present invention and within the above general formula include simple betaines of formula:

R⁶-N⁺-(R⁷)(R⁸)CH₂CO₂- and amido betaines of formula:

R⁶-CONH(CH₂)_t-N⁺-(R⁷)(R⁸)CH₂CO₂- where t is 2 or 3.

In both formulae R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸ are as defined previously. R⁶ may, in particular, be a mixture of Ci₂ and C14 alkyl groups derived from coconut oil so that at least half, preferably at least three quarters of the groups R⁶ have 10 to 14 carbon atoms. R⁷ and R⁸ are preferably methyl.

In another embodiment, the zwitterionic surfactant is a sulphobetaine of formula:

R⁶-N⁺-(R⁷)(R⁸)(CH₂)₃SO₃' or

R⁶-CONH(CH₂)U -N⁺-(R⁷)(R⁸)(CH₂)₃SO₃- where u is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which --(CH₂)₃SO₃' is replaced by -- CH₂C(OH)(H)CH₂SO₃-.

In these formulae, R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸ are as previously defined. Illustrative examples of the zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include betaines like cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine and laurylamidopropyl betaine. An additional zwitterionic surfactant suitable for use includes cocamidopropyl sultaine. Such surfactants are made commercially available from suppliers like Stepan Company, and it is within the scope of the invention to employ mixtures of the aforementioned surfactants. In a preferred embodiment, the zwitterionic surfactant used in this invention is cocamidopropyl betaine.

Nonionic surfactants may optionally be used in the hydratable composition and end use composition of the present invention. When used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at levels as low as 0.5, 1 , 1.5 or 2% by weight and at levels as high as 6, 8, 10 or 12% by weight of the end use composition. The nonionics which may be used include, in particular, the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (Cs- Cis) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other nonionic surfactants include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, dialkyl sulphoxides, and the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, nonionic surfactants optionally used can include fatty acid/alcohol ethoxylates having the following structures a) HOCH2(CH2)_S(CH2CH2O)_V H or b) HOOC(CH2)c(CH2CH2O)d H; where s and v are each independently an integer up to18; and c and d are each independently an integer from 1 or greater. In an embodiment of the invention, s and v are each independently 6 to 18; c and d are each independently 1 to 30. Other options for nonionic surfactants include those having the formula HOOC(CH2)i-CH=CH--(CH2)k(CH2CH2O)_z H, where i, k are each independently 5 to 15; and z is 5 to 50. In another embodiment of the invention, i and k are each independently 6 to 12; and z is 15 to 35.

The nonionic may also include a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., entitled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants issued Feb. 14, 1995; which is hereby incorporated by reference or it may be one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, titled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued Apr. 23, 1991; hereby incorporated into the subject application by reference. In an often-desired embodiment, the nonionic surfactant used is cocamide monoethanolamine (CMEA) and/or polysorbate 20, typically present at from 0.25 to 0.85 percent by weight of the end use composition.

In an embodiment of the invention, cationic surfactants may optionally be used in the hydratable composition and end use composition of the present invention.

One class of optional cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearyl pyridinium chloride, alkyl amidoethyl pyrrylinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

Tetra alkyl ammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants suitable for optional use. Examples include cetyl or stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or tallow trimethylammonium halides; behenyl trimethyl ammonium halides or methyl sulfates; decyl isononyl dimethyl ammonium halides; ditallow (or distearyl) dimethyl ammonium halides, and behenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Still other types of cationic surfactants that may be used are the various ethoxylated quaternary amines and ester quats. Examples include PEG-5 stearyl ammonium lactate (e.g., Genamin KSL manufactured by Clariant), PEG-2 coco ammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG 15 stearyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl methyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl hydroxyethyl methyl sulfate, and strearyl amidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

Even other useful cationic surfactants suitable for optional use include quaternized hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and it is within the scope of the invention to use mixtures of the aforementioned cationic surfactants.

If used, cationic surfactants will make up no more than 1.0% by weight of the hydratable composition. When present, they typically make up from 0.01 to 0.7%, and more typically, from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the end use composition.

In an embodiment of this invention, the end use composition of this invention will be substantially free of polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds (including salts of the same). In another embodiment, the end use composition will comprise less than 0.1% by weight polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds. In yet another embodiment, the end use composition comprises less than 0.01% by weight polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds. In even another embodiment, the hydratable composition and end use composition are free of polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds (i.e. , 0.0%).

Water preferably makes up from 35 to 75% by weight of the hydratable composition, and most preferably, from 40 to 70% by weight water based on total weight of the hydratable composition.

Traditional palm kernel oil derived structurants like capric, lauric and/or myristic acid may optionally be used with the structurants of the present invention. However, in an embodiment of the invention less than 4%, preferably less than 3% or from 0.01 to 2% or less than 1% by weight of the end use composition comprises such traditional palm kernel oil derived structurant. In still another embodiment, no (0.0%) palm kernel oil derived structurant is present in the hydratable cleansing concentrate and end use composition.

The pH of the hydratable composition and end use composition is typically from 6 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35 (or from 6.3 to 7.3 or from 6.4 to 7.2). Adjusters suitable to modify/buffer the pH may be used. Such pH adjusters include triethylamine, NaOH, KOH, H2SO4, HCI, Ce Hs O7 (i.e., citric acid) or mixtures thereof. The pH adjusters are added at amounts to yield the desired final pH. The pH values may be assessed with commercial instrumentation such as a pH meter made commercially available from Thermo Scientific®.

Optional skin benefit agents suitable for use in this invention are limited only to the extent that they are capable of being topically applied, and suitable to dissolve in the hydratable composition and end use composition at the desired pH.

Illustrative examples of the benefit agents suitable to include in the water portion of the compositions are acids, like amino acids, such as arginine, valine or histidine. Additional water- soluble benefit agents suitable for use include vitamin B2, niacinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin Be, vitamin C, mixtures thereof or the like. Water soluble derivatives of such vitamins may also be employed. For instance, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other water-soluble benefit agents suitable for use include 4-ethyl resorcinol, extracts like sage, aloe vera, green tea, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary extract or mixtures thereof. Water soluble sunscreens like ensulizole may also be used. Total amount of optional water-soluble benefit agents (including mixtures) when present in the invention may range from 0.0 to 10%, preferably from 0.001 to 8%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 6% by weight, based on total weight of the end use composition.

It is also within the scope of the present invention to optionally include oil (i.e., non-water) soluble benefit agents. The end use composition is substantially free of oil and preferably has less than 0.15% by weight oil, and most preferably, no oil (0.0%) where oil is not meant to include any oil from a fragrance. Thus, oil soluble actives or benefit agents are solubilized in the surfactants used. The only limitation with respect to such oil soluble benefit agents are that the same are suitable to provide a benefit when topically applied.

Illustrative examples of the types of oil soluble benefit agents that may optionally be used in the compositions of this invention include components like stearic acid, vitamins like Vitamin A, D, E and K (and their oil soluble derivatives), sunscreens like ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate, bis-ethyl hexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propanoic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-2- hydroxybenzoate or mixtures thereof.

Other optional oil soluble benefit agents suitable for use include resorcinols like 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4-isopropyl resorcinol or a mixture thereof. Also, 5-substituted resorcinols like 4-cyclohexyl-5- methylbenzene-1,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol, mixtures thereof or the like may be used. The 5-substituted resorcinols, and their synthesis are described in commonly assigned U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2016/0000669A1. Resorcinols like thiamidol (isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol), are also suitable for use.

Even other oil soluble actives suitable for use include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, oleyl betaine, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, terpineol, thymol mixtures thereof or the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, the optional oil soluble benefit agent used is a retinoic acid precursor. In one embodiment of the invention, the retinoic acid precursor is retinol, retinal, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate or a mixture thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate and mixtures thereof are typically preferred. Still another retinoic acid precursor suitable for use is hydroxyanasatil retinoate made commercially available under the name Retextra® as supplied by Molecular Design International. The same may be used in a mixture with the oil soluble actives described herein.

When optional oil soluble active is used in the compositions of the invention, it typically makes up from 0.0 to 1.5%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 1.5%, and most preferably, from 0.05 to 1.2% by weight of the end use composition. In yet another embodiment, oil makes up from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the total weight of the end use composition. Combinations of thiamidol, and niacinamide, 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-ethyl resorcinol, isopropyl resorcinol, 12-hydroxystearic acid or a mixture thereof are often preferred where thiamidol makes up from 10 to 96%, and preferably, from 15 to 85%, and most preferably, from 25 to 65% by weight of the total weight of the combination.

Preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the hydratable concentrate and end use composition to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. Suitable traditional preservatives for use include hydantoin derivatives and propionate salts. Particularly preferred preservatives are iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol(with the common emollient 1,2-octanediol), hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, hexylene glycol, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, and benzyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. Other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin and decylene glycol. The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of the composition and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives and other ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total weight of the end use composition (up to 7% by weight of total hydratable composition). Also preferred is a preservative system with hydroxyacetophenone alone or in a mixture with other preservatives. Parabens, DMDM hydantoins, and/or isothiazolinones can be used but as described are not preferred and the compositions of the present invention, again, are preferably substantially free of the same.

Thickening agents are optionally suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention. Particularly useful are the polysaccharides. Examples include fibers, starches, natural/synthetic gums and cellulosics. Representative of the starches are chemically modified starches such as sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate and aluminum starch octenylsuccinate. Tapioca starch is often preferred, as is maltodextrin. Suitable gums include xanthan, sclerotium, pectin, karaya, arabic, agar, guar (including Acacia Senegal guar), carrageenan, alginate and combinations thereof. Suitable cellulosics include hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium carboxy methylcellulose (cellulose gum/carboxymethyl cellulose) and cellulose (e.g. cellulose microfibrils, cellulose nanocrystals or microcrystalline cellulose). Sources of cellulose microfibrils include secondary cell wall materials (e.g. wood pulp, cotton), bacterial cellulose, and primary cell wall materials. Preferably the source of primary cell wall material is selected from parenchymal tissue from fruits, roots, bulbs, tubers, seeds, leaves and combination thereof; more preferably is selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit, peach fruit, pumpkin fruit, kiwi fruit, apple fruit, mango fruit, sugar beet, beet root, turnip, parsnip, maize, oat, wheat, peas and combinations thereof; and even more preferably is selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit and combinations thereof. A most preferred source of primary cell wall material is parenchymal tissue from citrus fruit. Citrus fibers, such as those made available by Herbacel® as AQ Plus can also be used as source for cellulose microfibrils. The cellulose sources can be surface modified by any of the known methods including those described in Colloidal Polymer Science, Kalia et al., “Nanofibrillated cellulose: surface modification and potential applications” (2014), Vol 292, Pages 5-31.

Synthetic polymers, in addition to polymeric viscosity aids, are yet another class of effective thickening agents that can optionally be used. This category includes crosslinked polyacrylates such as the Carbomers, polyacrylamides such as Sepigel® 305 and taurate copolymers such as Simulgel® EG and Aristoflex® AVC, the copolymers being identified by respective INCI nomenclature as Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate and Acryloyl Dimethyltaurate/Vinyl Pyrrolidone Copolymer. Anothersynthetic polymer suitable for thickening is an acrylate-based polymer made commercially available by Seppic and sold under the name Simulgel INS100. Calcium carbonate, fumed silica, and magnesium-aluminum-silicate may also be used.

The amounts of optional thickening agent, when used, may range from 0.001 to 5%, by weight of the compositions. Maltodextrin, xanthan gum, and carboxymethyl cellulose are the often- preferred optional thickening agents. In an embodiment of the invention, less than 0.4 or less than 0.2 percent by weight of an acrylate-based thickener is used based on total weight of the end use composition. In another embodiment, from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight of the end use composition comprises acrylate-based thickener. In still another embodiment, no acrylate based thicker is used (0.0% by weight of the end use composition). Fragrances, fixatives, chelators (like EDTA) and exfoliants may optionally be included in the compositions of the present invention. Each of these substances may range from about 0.03 to about 5%, preferably between 0.1 and 3% by weight of the total weight of the end use composition. To the extent the exfoliants are used, those selected should be of small enough particle size so that they do not impede the performance of any packaging used to dispense the compositions of this invention. In another embodiment of the invention, from 0.01 to 1.35% or from 0.1 to 1.15% or from 0.2 to 0.95% by weight fragrance is used in the end use composition. Conventional emulsifiers having an HLB of greater than 8 may optionally be used. Illustrative examples include Tween, 40, 60, 80, polysorbate 20 and mixtures thereof. Typically, emulsifiers for water continuous systems make up from 0.3 to 2.5% by weight of the end use composition.

Conventional humectants may optionally be employed as additives in the present invention to assist in moisturizing skin when such emulsions are topically applied. These are generally polyhydric alcohol type materials. Typical polyhydric alcohols include glycerol (i.e. , glycerine or glycerin), propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol (e.g., PPG-9), polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, 1 ,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerol, propoxylated glycerol and mixtures thereof. Most preferred is glycerin, propylene glycol or a mixture thereof. The amount of humectant employed may range anywhere from 0.0 to 35% by weight of the total weight of the compositions. Often, humectant makes up from 0.0 to 20%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 15% by weight (most preferably, from 2 to 12% by weight) of the total weight of the end use composition.

As to the hydratable and lamellar concentrate composition, the same typically comprises from 10 to 30%, and preferably, from 13 to 25%, and most preferably, from 15 to 22% (or from 16 to 20%) by weight zwitterionic (and/or amphoteric) surfactant based on total weight of the concentrate. Anionic surfactant typically makes up from 7.5 to 21%, and preferably, from 8.5 to 20%, and most preferably, from 9.5 to 18% (or from 10 to 16%) by weight of the concentrate. In an embodiment of the invention, anionic surfactant comprises both a taurate and isethionate at a taurate to isethionate weight ratio from 4.6:1 to 1:4.6, or from 4.2 to 1 to 1:4.2 or from 4.2:1 to 1 :4.2. In another embodiment, the weight ratio of taurate to isethionate is 3.65:1 to 3.35:1 or from 3.3:1 to 3:1 or from 2.95 to 1 to 2.35:1. In still another embodiment, the weight ratio of zwitterionic surfactant (and/or amphoteric surfactant) to anionic surfactant is from 1 :1.65 to 1.65:1 or from 1 :1.45 to 1.45:1 or from 1 :1.35 to 1.35:1. In even another embodiment, the weight ratio of zwitterionic surfactant to anionic surfactant is from 1.5:1 to 1.32:1 or from 1.3:1 to 1.18:1 or from 1.25:1 to 1.15:1. As to the end use compositions of the present invention, the same typically have from 1 to 35%, and preferably, from 2 to 30%, and most preferably, from 4 to 18% by weight total surfactant, based on total weight of the end use composition. In an embodiment of the invention, the end use composition comprises from 7 to 16% (or from 8 to 15% or from 9 to 14% or from 10 to 13%) by weight total surfactant based on total weight of the end use composition.

The present invention is directed to hydratable concentrated surfactant composition that thickens and thus displays an increase in viscosity when mixed and diluted with water. In an embodiment of the invention, when the weight percent of zwitterionic surfactant to the weight percent of anionic surfactant exceeds 3:1 in the compositions, structurant should be present at over 15% by weight of the total weight of surfactant in the compositions. Additionally, and in another embodiment of the invention, when the zwitterionic surfactant to anionic surfactant weight ratio is less than 1.5, structurant makes up no more than 27% by weight of the total weight of surfactant in the compositions.

When making hydratable composition of the present invention, the desired ingredients may be mixed with conventional apparatus under moderate shear and atmospheric conditions, with temperature being from 35 to 80°C. Water is added to the hydratable composition to produce the end use composition. Moderate shear such as shaking (or stirring) in a container will yield the end use composition in less than 5 minutes, preferably in less than 3 minutes, and most preferably, in less than 2 minutes. In an embodiment of the invention, end use composition is made in less than 1 minute, even preferably, less than 30 seconds.

The packaging for the compositions typically is not limited as long as hydratable composition can be hydrated and end use composition can be made upon the addition of water. In an embodiment on the invention, the hydratable composition is sold in a pouch or cartridge that is associated with and inserted in a bottle or canister. The bottle or canister is one which is filled with water and allows for the release of the hydratable composition into the same for mixing with water. Typically, the bottle or canister has a cap with a pump that opens the sachet or canister to release the hydratable composition into the water to make end use composition. Such a hydratable composition unexpectedly yields an end use composition, such as a body wash, with desirable characteristics appreciated by consumers. The packaging allows for infinite numbers of refilling to invariably reduce plastic waste in the environment and preferably is 50 to 100% by weight post-consumer resin. The Examples provided are to facilitate an understanding of the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Examples All compositions represented in each of the Examples as set forth in the Tables provided were made by conventional means, and therefore, by mixing ingredients with moderate shear under atmospheric conditions at a temperature from about 35 to 75°C. The end use compositions (i.e. , end use/diluted wash compositions) were made to optionally include fragrance, and did comprise preservative. The hydratable compositions were diluted (water to composition) at the weight ratio shown. For the avoidance of doubt, “Concentrate Viscosity” means the viscosity of hydratable composition and “Dilute Viscosity” means the viscosity of the end use wash composition made, both in centipoise (cps) and taken as described at 25°C. Versathix™ is PEG-150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate made available by Croda, Inc. Water and hydratable composition were combined in a vessel and were agitated with mild shaking. As to the inventive hydratable compositions, in less than one (1) minute after dilution and agitation, desired homogeneous and isotropic wash compositions were unexpectedly obtained.

Example I

Table I

*PEG 150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate

The hydratable and lamellar concentrate composition shown in Table I was made with conventional lamellar structurant, lauric acid, with hydrocarbon derived from palm kernel oil. The concentrate composition had a pH of 6.2, was easily pourable and had a viscosity of about 4,200 mPa-s (cps) at 4 seconds (25°C). When diluted 3 parts water to 1 part concentrate and moderately agitated for about 1 minute, the resulting composition was a homogeneous and stable isotropic wash composition having a viscosity of about 11 ,000 mPa-s (cps) at 4 seconds.

Examples ll-VI

Table II

The hydratable and lamellar concentrate compositions shown in Table II were made with lamellar structurant consistent with the invention, i.e., lactylates. The concentrate compositions in Examples ll-VI had a pH of 6.2, were easily pourable and had viscosities as indicated. When diluted 3 parts water to 1 part concentrate and moderately agitated for about 1 minute, the resulting compositions described in the Examples were homogeneous and stable isotropic wash compositions having viscosities as indicated at 4 and 6 seconds (25°C). The lactylates used contained from 60 to 100% by weight of hydrocarbon not derived from palm kernel oil.

The resulting isotropic wash compositions were surprisingly stable, deplete of syneresis and maintained viscosities that were par with compositions made with conventional structurants that were 100% dependent and derived from palm kernel.

Moreover, skilled panelists unexpectedly concluded that the wash compositions made according to the present invention had a sensory feel, a rinse feel and lathering characteristics that were comparable to compositions made similar to those made in Example I and made with traditional structurants with hydrocarbon derived from palm kernel oil.

Claims

Claims:

1 . A method for making an isotropic wash composition having a viscosity from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 2,000 to 15,000 mPa-s (cps), and most preferably, from 3,000 to 12,000 mPa-s (cps) or from 3,200 to 10,000 mPa-s (cps) or from 3,450 to 9,250 mPa-s (cps), the method comprising the steps of: a) combining water with a hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition at a composition to water weight ratio from 1 :1 to 1 :10, and preferably, 1 :1.8 to 1 :7, and most preferably, 1 :2 to 1 :6 or 1 :2.5 to 1 :5 or 1 :2.9 to 1 :4.5 or 1 :2.95 to 1 :4.45, wherein the concentrate surfactant composition has a viscosity from 20 to 11 ,000 mPa-s (cps), and preferably, from 25 to 8,000 mPa-s (cps), and most preferably, from 200 to 3,750 mPa-s (cps) or 250 to 3,500 mPa-s (cps) or 275 to 3,350 mPa-s (cps); and wherein the hydratable concentrated surfactant composition comprises a C12 -C20 lactylate and having a pH from 5.75 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35 or from 6.3 to 7.3 or from 6.4 to 7.2, b) allowing the lamellar concentrate surfactant composition to thicken and increase the viscosity of the resulting isotropic wash composition, after being combined with the water, c) recovering the isotropic wash composition, wherein viscosity is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 4-15 s'¹ at 25 °C.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein less than 100% or less than 90% or less than 80% or less than 70% or less than 60% or from 3 to less than 60%, or from 8 to 55% or from 10 to 45% or from 15 to 40% of the C12-C20 lactylate by weight of the total weight of structurant is derived from palm kernel oil.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the C12-C20 lactylate comprises acyl group with at least 5 to 100% or at least 10 to 70% or at least 45% to 80% or at least 60 to 75% or at least 60 to 100% by weight of weight of acyl group not derived from palm kernel oil, the acyl group being a C14-C20, or preferably, C16-C20, or most preferably, C16-C18 acyl group.

4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the C12-C20 lactylate comprises no acyl group derived from palm kernel oil.

5. The method according to anyone of the preceding claims, wherein the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition comprises: a) anionic surfactant substantially free of sulfate; b) amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant; c) a Ci2-C2o lactylate; and d) from 30 to 85% by weight water, wherein the isotropic end use composition has a pH from 6 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35 or from 6.3 to 7.3 or from 6.4 to 7.2.

6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the hydratable lamellar concentrate surfactant composition comprises less than 3% by weight or less than 1% by weight anionic surfactant with sulfate.

7. The method according to claim 5 wherein the anionic surfactant comprises an acyl isethionate.

8. The method according to claim 7 wherein additional anionic surfactant is present and comprises a taurate, glycinate, glutamate, aspartate, alaninate or a mixture thereof.

9. The method according to claim 5 wherein zwitterionic surfactant is present, which is cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl sultaine or a mixture thereof.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the C12-C20 lactylate is lauroyl-1- lactylate, palmitoyl-1 -lactylate, stearoyl-1- lactylate or a mixture thereof.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the C12 -C20 lactylate comprises from 1 to 20% by weight carbon from carbon capture based on total weight of carbon in the structurant.

12. The method according to any one of claims, 1 to 11 wherein the lamellar concentrated surfactant composition further comprises niacinamide, 12-hydroxystearic acid, 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, thiamidol, terpineol, thymol or a mixture thereof.

13. An isotropic end-use wash composition resulting from the method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wash composition has a viscosity from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s (cps), and a pH from 6 to 7.75, and preferably, from 6.2 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6.25 to 7.35, wherein viscosity is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 4-15 s'¹ at 25 °C.

14. Use of a Ci2-C2o lactylateto structure a lamellar composition, the Ci2-C2o lactylate comprising at least 5 to 100% or at least 10 to 70% or at least 45% to 80% or at least 60 to 75% or at least 60 to 100% by weight of a C14-C20 or preferably, C16-C20, or most preferably, C -Cisacyl group not derived from palm kernel oil.