WO2024115298A1 - Machine d'impression 3d modulaire - Google Patents

Machine d'impression 3d modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024115298A1
WO2024115298A1 PCT/EP2023/082965 EP2023082965W WO2024115298A1 WO 2024115298 A1 WO2024115298 A1 WO 2024115298A1 EP 2023082965 W EP2023082965 W EP 2023082965W WO 2024115298 A1 WO2024115298 A1 WO 2024115298A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
radiation
module
build
exchangeable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/082965
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tammuz NOBEL
Original Assignee
KSB SE & Co. KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KSB SE & Co. KGaA filed Critical KSB SE & Co. KGaA
Publication of WO2024115298A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024115298A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/25—Housings, e.g. machine housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B29C64/259—Interchangeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the additive manufacturing of components by successive, selective solidification of layers of a solidifiable, powder-like building material with at least one building chamber, comprising a height-adjustable platform, a radiation device for solidifying building material in a building field above the platform, at least one coater, at least one powder chamber and at least one residual powder chamber.
  • a key feature of additive manufacturing is the selective and layer-by-layer solidification of at least one build-up material. If the build-up material is in powder form, it is first applied in the form of a thin layer to a platform in a process chamber of a device for the additive manufacturing of components.
  • the powder particles of the building material are partially or completely melted or sintered in precisely defined areas of the layer and then cooled down so that they combine with each other to form a solid body.
  • the building material can also be solidified with other physical or chemical methods, for example by using a binding agent.
  • SLS selective laser sintering
  • SLM selective laser melting
  • the irradiation of the layer of powdered building material is carried out on the basis of predefined 3D design data of the component to be manufactured, so that the areas of the layer that are to become part of the component to be manufactured are irradiated.
  • thin layers of the powdered building material are repeatedly introduced into the process chamber and selectively solidified, with the individual solidified component layers combining to form a common component.
  • the platform of the process chamber is lowered by one layer thickness so that the surface of the selectively solidified layer forms a plane with the surroundings. Then a coater applies another layer of build material on top of the previous layer. In doing so, the coater shifts the powdered build material to a flat surface and again forms a flat work surface.
  • powdered build material is also displaced beyond the boundaries of the process chamber.
  • This residual powder is collected in a residual powder chamber, which is arranged to the side of the working plane in the direction of displacement of the coater next to the area of the platform.
  • DE 20 2018 003 678 U1 describes a coating device for producing a three-dimensional object by layer-by-layer application and selective solidification of building material to the cross-section of the object to be produced in the locations corresponding to the respective layer in a working plane, wherein the coating device is rotatable about its own device axis, particularly preferably about its own longitudinal axis and comprises at least two coating elements on its surface.
  • DE 10 2021 107 265 A1 discloses a device for the additive manufacturing of manufactured products by successively selectively solidifying layers of a powdery building material with a residual powder chamber including a receiving opening to receive excess powdery material displaced by a coater.
  • the residual powder chamber has at least one cover element which covers the residual powder chamber while leaving the receiving opening, wherein the surface of the cover element has at least one flow inhibiting device for the powdery building material.
  • every device for additive manufacturing is usually operated with exactly one powdered build material. Production takes place precisely when a component made of that build material is ordered. Otherwise, the device stands still until an order for the corresponding build material is due. If you wanted to operate the device with a different build material, the build material would have to be meticulously removed from the powder chamber, the build chamber and the residual powder chamber by removing the corresponding panels. The desired build material would have to be introduced accordingly and the panels reattached.
  • typical additive manufacturing devices have standardized build spaces or build chambers that are not always practical or adapted to the dimensions of the components to be produced.
  • the build chamber may be too small, so that components have to be assembled from individual additively produced parts.
  • the build chamber is much too large, so that the coater has to move huge amounts of build material, with only a small proportion being used to produce the component.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for the additive manufacturing of components that overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages and offers a solution for them.
  • the production time of the device should be intensified and downtimes minimized.
  • the device should be suitable for changing construction materials.
  • the device is divided into a stationary module, which comprises the radiation device, and into at least two interchangeable modules, each of which has at least one build-up chamber.
  • the module that includes the radiation device is set up as a machine at a fixed location, aligned and thus bound.
  • the stationary module also includes the control device that precisely controls, directs and positions the radiation of the radiation device on the basis of the 3D design data.
  • interchangeable does not mean stationary, but also interchangeable and/or replaceable and/or interchangeable.
  • the interchangeable modules can and should therefore be able to be exchanged and swapped with one another on the stationary module.
  • the stationary module is designed to be modularly combined with the exchangeable modules. This means that the modules are designed for easy and quick connection to a generative production unit. Changing the exchangeable modules on the stationary module can be carried out quickly and precisely using appropriate equipment and auxiliary devices.
  • a module as such represents a part of a larger system.
  • a module is a self-contained system as part of a generative manufacturing machine.
  • the modules have connectivity elements.
  • the control device preferably accesses the exchangeable module via a connection from the stationary module in order to control, for example, the platform of the build chamber and the coating process.
  • the interchangeable modules are designed to be movable to form the device.
  • the interchangeable modules can be designed to be movable on rollers or tires, for example.
  • the interchangeable modules can be moved on a rail system.
  • the interchangeable modules can also be moved using floor conveyors.
  • the stationary module comprises at least one stop and at least one calibration element.
  • a stop is a desired end point, for example, of the movement of an exchangeable module.
  • a stop aligns the modules precisely and firmly relative to one another, preferably during a generative production process.
  • the stop is fixed, but can also be adjustable to compensate for changes in the modules.
  • the stop or stops are used to position the modules relative to one another. In addition, any forces that may occur during production are transmitted via the stop surfaces.
  • a calibration element or adjustment element is used to determine the positioning and distances between the modules. Due to the modularity of the radiation device and the build chamber, this is helpful for the precise formation of additively produced components. Calibration is used to determine and document deviations in the position of the modules. If necessary, a deviation in the positioning can be compensated by readjusting the stop or stops.
  • the exchangeable modules comprise at least one build chamber with a height-adjustable platform, at least one powder chamber, at least one coater and at least one residual powder chamber.
  • an exchangeable module is a flexible process or production module for producing additively manufactured components.
  • An exchangeable module is equipped and prepared with a build material for a component. After production, the module can be exchanged in a time-efficient manner so that the production of a new component runs with the stationary module and an exchanged module, while at the same time the additively produced component can possibly be manually cleaned of build material without tying up valuable production time.
  • Such an exchangeable module can then be equipped with build material for the next production cycle, while the build material in the build chamber and the residual powder chamber is removed.
  • the exchangeable module comprises at least one build chamber with at least one height-adjustable platform.
  • the build chamber and the platform define a space in which a component can be produced generatively.
  • the modularity means that exchangeable modules with very different spaces can be designed and kept in stock for the production of generative components. This can increase production efficiency in particular if the build space roughly corresponds to the dimensions of the component to be produced.
  • An exchangeable module is therefore also selected and used to match the component size. This adjusts the amount of build material that the coater has to move, which can increase production speed.
  • specially developed, exchangeable modules can also be used for large, additively produced components.
  • the upper opening of the build chamber forms a surface or space that is located above the platform. This surface or space is also referred to as the build area and forms the working level in which the component is manufactured.
  • the exchangeable module comprises at least one coater configured to apply layers of the build material to the platform and/or a previously applied layer to introduce the build material into the current working plane.
  • the exchangeable module comprises at least one residual powder chamber.
  • the residual powder chamber has at least one opening to accommodate excess powdery build-up material displaced by the coater.
  • an exchangeable module does not contain any significantly expensive elements, which means that a large number of exchangeable modules with different sized build chambers and different build materials are worthwhile in order to fully utilize an expensive stationary module. This can shorten production time, increase utilization and minimize downtime, which corresponds to an immense process intensification.
  • the change of the exchangeable modules on the stationary module is automated, which allows production times to be realized in particular at night and on weekends.
  • the radiation device comprises a radiation source and a radiation deflection device.
  • the radiation device comprises a radiation source, preferably a laser, for solidifying the powdered building material.
  • the radiation device can It also comprises a beam deflection device for deflecting the energy beam onto the layer to be solidified, or for moving the energy beam in the desired manner over the current layer and carrying out the selective solidification.
  • the selective solidification of the building material can be achieved by means of electromagnetic radiation, in particular light and/or heat radiation.
  • the building material can also be irradiated with particle radiation, such as electron radiation.
  • an exchangeable module is modularly combined with a stationary module to form the device.
  • powdered build material is solidified by irradiation.
  • the solidified, powdered build material corresponds to a cross-section of the component.
  • the selective solidification is carried out in a device that includes a build chamber with a height-adjustable platform, a radiation device, a coater and a residual powder chamber.
  • exchangeable modules with adapted build chambers are combined with a stationary radiation device in order to increase the utilization of the radiation device including the control unit of the radiation device, which processes the 3D design data.
  • the exchangeable modularity of the build chambers with corresponding accessories realizes a previously unusual device for producing generative components in which different build materials are processed one after the other.
  • the expensive elements of the radiation device and its control unit are used to such an extent that continuous production around the clock is possible, because the work that often has to be done manually, such as filling and removing construction materials and cleaning the components, is carried out on the exchangeable modules. Production of generative components is no longer interrupted by manual work and downtime is reduced to a minimum, namely the change of interchangeable modules.
  • the additional chambers for the powdered build material are adapted to the build chamber of the exchangeable module, which means that there is no need to refill build material in between. This in turn reduces downtime. Emptying filled residual powder chambers is also no longer necessary thanks to an adapted design of the chambers to the construction space of the build chamber.
  • a large number of different, interchangeable modules are provided, which have build chambers with very different heights and build spaces. Adapting the build chamber to the geometry of the component to be produced makes a significant contribution to reducing production times.
  • the device is used for the additive manufacturing of components with at least two exchangeable modules for modular combination with a stationary module for production utilization of the radiation device.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device for the additive manufacturing of components
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the modular combination of the stationary module with an exchangeable module
  • Fig. 3 is a simplified sectional view of an exchangeable module.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a device 1 for the additive manufacturing of components.
  • an exchangeable module 5 is docked to a stationary module 4.
  • the stationary module 4 comprises a radiation device 2, while a coater 3 can be seen in the exchangeable module 5 shown.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the modular combination of the stationary module 4 of a device 1 for additive manufacturing with an exchangeable module 5.
  • the exchangeable module 5 is designed to be movable and movable. It is docked to a stop of the stationary module 4.
  • a calibration element determines the position of the modules 4 and 5 relative to one another, which is taken into account by the control unit of the radiation device 2 for the formation of the generative component 6.
  • Fig. 3 shows a simplified sectional view of an exchangeable module 5.
  • the powder chamber 11 houses the supply of powdered building material 7.
  • the coater 3 moves the powdered building material 7 into the construction field 10 of the construction chamber 8.
  • the height of the construction field 10 is adjusted using the platform 9.
  • the component 6 is created by successive selective solidification of layers of a solidifiable, powdered building material 7.
  • the excess building material 7 is collected in the residual powder chamber 12.
  • the exchangeable module 5 is designed to be movable using the rollers 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif (1) destiné à la fabrication additive de composants (6) par solidification sélective de couches d'un matériau de construction pulvérulent (7), qui peut être solidifié, de manière successive, comprenant au moins une chambre de construction (8), qui comprend une plateforme (9) ayant une hauteur réglable, et un dispositif de rayonnement (2) pour solidifier un matériau de construction (7) dans un champ de construction (10) au-dessus de la plateforme (9). Le dispositif comprend en outre au moins une coucheuse (3), au moins une chambre à poudre (11) et au moins une chambre à poudre résiduelle (12). Le dispositif (1) est divisé en un module fixe (4), qui comprend le dispositif de rayonnement (2), et au moins deux modules interchangeables (5), dont chacun comporte au moins une chambre de construction (8).
PCT/EP2023/082965 2022-12-02 2023-11-24 Machine d'impression 3d modulaire WO2024115298A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022132006.5 2022-12-02
DE102022132006.5A DE102022132006A1 (de) 2022-12-02 2022-12-02 Modularer 3D-Druckautomat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024115298A1 true WO2024115298A1 (fr) 2024-06-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/082965 WO2024115298A1 (fr) 2022-12-02 2023-11-24 Machine d'impression 3d modulaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102022132006A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024115298A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013223411A1 (de) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
DE202018003678U1 (de) 2018-08-07 2018-08-23 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Beschichtungsvorrichtung für eine Vorrichtung zum additiven Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
EP3412382A1 (fr) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-12 LayerWise N.V. Appareil équipé d'un module pour la fabrication d'un produit en couches
EP3650203A1 (fr) * 2018-11-10 2020-05-13 Concept Laser GmbH Usine de fabrication additive d'au moins un objet tridimensionnel
DE102021107265A1 (de) 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung zur additiven Fertigung von Fertigungsprodukten

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19846478C5 (de) 1998-10-09 2004-10-14 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Laser-Sintermaschine
DE102009036153A1 (de) 2009-08-05 2011-02-17 Modellbau Robert Hofmann Gmbh Vorrichtung zur generativen Herstellung dreidimensionaler Formteile
WO2018202305A1 (fr) 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Chambre échange pour un dispositif et procédé de fabrication générative d'un objet tridimensionnel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013223411A1 (de) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
EP3412382A1 (fr) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-12 LayerWise N.V. Appareil équipé d'un module pour la fabrication d'un produit en couches
DE202018003678U1 (de) 2018-08-07 2018-08-23 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Beschichtungsvorrichtung für eine Vorrichtung zum additiven Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
EP3650203A1 (fr) * 2018-11-10 2020-05-13 Concept Laser GmbH Usine de fabrication additive d'au moins un objet tridimensionnel
DE102021107265A1 (de) 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung zur additiven Fertigung von Fertigungsprodukten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022132006A1 (de) 2024-06-13

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