WO2024114349A1 - Procédé et appareil nfc - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil nfc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024114349A1
WO2024114349A1 PCT/CN2023/131235 CN2023131235W WO2024114349A1 WO 2024114349 A1 WO2024114349 A1 WO 2024114349A1 CN 2023131235 W CN2023131235 W CN 2023131235W WO 2024114349 A1 WO2024114349 A1 WO 2024114349A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission rate
rate
nfc
information
communication
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/131235
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
贾波琦
王俊杰
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2024114349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024114349A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/24—Negotiation of communication capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/40—Security arrangements using identity modules
    • H04W12/47—Security arrangements using identity modules using near field communication [NFC] or radio frequency identification [RFID] modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24—Transfer of terminal data

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of near field communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device for near field communication (NFC).
  • NFC near field communication
  • NFC is a short-range, high-frequency wireless communication that implements contactless data transmission based on the radio frequency (RF) near field generated by the NFC module.
  • the NFC module can support multiple transmission rates. In order to shorten the data transmission delay, the transmission rate of the NFC module is usually adjusted to the maximum transmission rate supported by the NFC module by default.
  • the antenna matching and resonance requirements of the NFC module are different, resulting in different performance of the NFC module. If the transmission rate of the NFC module is adjusted to the maximum transmission rate supported by the NFC module by default, the communication performance of the NFC module may be reduced.
  • the present application provides an NFC communication method and device for flexibly adjusting the transmission rate of an NFC module to achieve better communication performance.
  • a NFC communication method is provided, which is performed by a first device, which may be a communication device or a communication device capable of supporting the communication device to implement the functions required by the method, such as a chip system.
  • the first device has the function of NFC, or the communication method of the first device includes the NFC method.
  • the first device is a communication device with an NFC card reader, or the first device is an NFC card reader, or the first device is a chip system set in the NFC card reader, or the first device is other components for implementing the functions of the NFC card reader.
  • the first device can communicate with the second device based on the NFC method, that is, the communication method between the first device and the second device is the NFC method.
  • the second device may also be a communication device or a communication device capable of supporting the communication device to implement the functions required by the method, such as a chip system.
  • the second device is a communication device with an NFC tag, or the second device is an NFC tag, or the second device is a chip system set in the NFC tag, or the second device is other components for implementing the functions of the NFC tag.
  • the NFC communication method includes: a first device determines a target transmission rate between the first device and the second device, and sends indication information to the second device.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device, and the target transmission rate is greater than the current transmission rate of the first device and the second device.
  • the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device refers to the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the first device and the second device for communication. For example, if the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the first device is greater than the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the second device, then the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the first device and the second device for communication is the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the second device.
  • the current transmission rate of the first device and the second device refers to the transmission rate that is being used when transmitting data between the first device and the second device.
  • the target transmission rate refers to the transmission rate that the first device and the second device subsequently adopt. In other words, the transmission rate between the first device and the second device can be adjusted from the current transmission rate to the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate may be less than the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device, and greater than the current transmission rate of the first device and the second device. That is, the target transmission rate may not be the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device, and therefore, the communication performance loss caused by the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device can be reduced.
  • the communication performance gain between the first device and the second device can also be maximized as much as possible.
  • the first device determining the target transmission rate between the first device and the second device includes: the first device acquiring reference information, and determining the target transmission rate according to the reference information.
  • the reference information is used to indicate the transmission rate between the first device and the second device.
  • the first device uses the reference information as a reference, so that the target transmission rate can guarantee the communication performance gain between the first device and the second device as much as possible.
  • the reference information includes one or more of the following information: air interface information, modulation information, or antenna information.
  • air interface information is used to indicate the success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate.
  • modulation information is used to indicate the sensitivity of the first device to receive the signal and/or the quality of the signal.
  • the antenna information is used to indicate the quality factor of the antenna of the first device, including indicating the antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the content of the reference information, for example, including but not limited to parameters such as air interface information, modulation information, or antenna information indicating the communication performance between the first device and the second device.
  • the reference information includes air interface information
  • the first device obtains the reference information including: the first device determines the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate within a historical time period; and/or the first device determines the probability of non-standard frames occurring at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate.
  • the success rate (or packet loss rate) of data frames at the same transmission rate may also be different.
  • the success rate of data frames at various transmission rates in the historical time period is used as a reference to determine the target transmission rate.
  • a higher transmission rate can be used as much as possible to meet the service transmission rate requirements.
  • the reference information includes modulation information
  • the first device acquires the reference information including: the first device receives the modulation information sent by the second device, where the modulation information includes modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the second device.
  • the first device determines the target transmission rate between the first device and the second device based on reference information, including: the first device determines the weights of each transmission rate based on the packet loss rate of each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and modulation information.
  • the embodiment of the present application determines the weight of each transmission rate according to the packet loss rate of the data packet at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate by comprehensively considering the weights of each transmission rate, so as to ensure the target transmission rate as much as possible so that the communication performance between the first device and the second device is better.
  • the first device determines a target transmission rate between the first device and the second device based on reference information, including: the first device determines weights of each transmission rate based on the probability of occurrence of non-standard frames at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and modulation information.
  • the embodiment of the present application determines the weight of each transmission rate according to the probability of occurrence of non-standard frames at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate by comprehensively considering the weights of each transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate can also be guaranteed as much as possible so that the communication performance between the first device and the second device is better.
  • a weight W rate of a first transmission rate in at least one transmission rate and a packet loss rate of a current transmission rate satisfy:
  • W rate (1-PER current transmission rate )/(rate/current transmission rate), where rate is the first transmission rate and PER current transmission rate is the packet loss rate of the current transmission rate;
  • the target transmission rate rate use is the maximum value of rate cand , and the rate cand satisfies:
  • the method further includes: the first device determines whether to increase or decrease the current transmission rate according to the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate. If the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate is lower than the first threshold, the first device determines to increase the current transmission rate; if the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate is higher than the first threshold, the first device determines to decrease the current transmission rate.
  • the current transmission rate can be optimized. For example, if the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is lower than the first threshold, the current transmission rate can be increased to reduce the service data transmission delay. If the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is higher than the first threshold, the current transmission rate can be reduced to ensure the reliability of service data transmission.
  • the first device obtains reference information including: the first device obtains reference information once every first time interval; or, the first device determines that the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is greater than a second threshold, and the first device obtains reference information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not restrict the timing of the first device obtaining reference information, for example, it is not limited to obtaining reference information once at a first time interval, thereby using a variety of application scenarios to ensure better communication performance between the first device and the second device as much as possible.
  • the method further includes: the first device receiving a response message from the second device for the indication information.
  • a NFC communication method is provided, which is performed by the aforementioned second device, and the NFC communication method includes: the second device receives indication information from the first device, the indication information is used to indicate a target transmission rate; the second device communicates with the first device based on the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the second device, and the target transmission rate is greater than the current transmission rate of the first device and the second device.
  • the target transmission rate is determined based on reference information, and the reference information includes one or more of the following information:
  • Air interface information used to indicate a success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate
  • Modulation information used to indicate the sensitivity of the first device receiving the signal and/or the quality of the signal
  • the antenna information is used to indicate a quality factor of the antenna of the first device, including indicating antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the method further includes: sending the modulation information to the first device, where the modulation information includes a modulation parameter and a demodulation parameter used by the second device.
  • the method further includes: sending a response message to the first device for the indication information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which has the function of implementing the behavior in the method embodiment of the first aspect above.
  • the communication device can be the first device in the first aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of implementing the method provided in the first aspect, such as a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device includes corresponding means or modules for executing the method of the first aspect.
  • the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module or processor) and/or a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module or transceiver).
  • the transceiver unit may include a sending unit and a receiving unit, and it can also be understood that the sending unit and the receiving unit are the same functional module.
  • the transceiver unit is also understood to be a general term for the sending unit and the receiving unit, and the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules.
  • These units (modules) can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned first aspect method example.
  • the communication device includes a processing module and a transceiver module
  • the processing module is used to determine a target transmission rate between the communication device and the second device.
  • the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the communication device and the second device, and is greater than the current transmission rate of the communication device and the second device.
  • the transceiver module is used to send indication information to the second device, and the indication information is used to indicate the target transmission rate.
  • the processing module is used to determine the target transmission rate between the communication device and the second device, specifically including: obtaining reference information, and determining the target transmission rate according to the reference information.
  • the reference information is used to indicate the communication performance between the communication device and the second device.
  • the reference information includes one or more of the following information: air interface information, modulation information, or antenna information.
  • air interface information is used to indicate the success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate.
  • modulation information is used to indicate the sensitivity of the communication device to receive the signal and/or the quality of the signal.
  • the antenna information is used to indicate the quality factor of the antenna of the communication device, including indicating the antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the reference information includes air interface information
  • the processing module obtains the reference information including: the processing module determines the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate in a historical time period; and/or the processing module determines the probability of non-standard frames occurring at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate.
  • the reference information includes modulation information
  • the processing module obtains the reference information including: the processing module obtains the modulation information sent by the second device and received by the transceiver module, and the modulation information includes modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the second device.
  • the processing module determines the target transmission rate between the communication device and the second device based on reference information, including: the processing module determines the weights of each transmission rate based on the packet loss rate of each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and modulation information.
  • the processing module determines the target transmission rate between the communication device and the second device based on the reference information, including: the processing module determines the weights of each transmission rate based on the probability of non-standard frames appearing at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • the processing module is further used to determine whether to increase or decrease the current transmission rate according to a packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate.
  • the processing module is specifically used to: if the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is lower than the first threshold, determine to increase the current transmission rate; if the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is higher than the first threshold, determine to decrease the current transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate rate use is the maximum value of rate cand , and the rate cand satisfies:
  • the transceiver module is further configured to receive a response message from the second device in response to the indication information.
  • the processing module obtains the reference information including: the processing module obtains the reference information once at a first time interval; or the processing module determines that the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate is greater than a second threshold, and obtains the reference information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which has the function of implementing the behavior in the method embodiment of the second aspect above.
  • the communication device can be the second device in the second aspect, or the communication device can be a device capable of implementing the method provided by the second aspect, such as a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device includes a processing module and a transceiver module, wherein the transceiver module is used to receive indication information from a first device, and the indication information is used to indicate a target transmission rate between the communication device and the first device.
  • the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the communication device, and the target transmission rate is greater than the current transmission rate of the first device and the communication device.
  • the processing module is used to determine to communicate with the first device based on the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate is determined based on a reference signal
  • the reference information includes one or more of the following information:
  • Air interface information used to indicate a success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate
  • Modulation information used to indicate the sensitivity of the first device receiving the signal and/or the quality of the signal
  • the antenna information is used to indicate a quality factor of the antenna of the first device, including indicating antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the transceiver module is further used to send modulation information to the first device, where the modulation information includes modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the communication device.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to send a response message to the first device in response to the indication information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be the communication device of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, or a chip or chip system arranged in the communication device of the third aspect or the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device includes a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, also includes a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface.
  • the communication device executes the method executed by the first device or the second device in the above method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the communication device comprising an input/output interface and a logic circuit.
  • the input/output interface is used to input and/or output information.
  • the logic circuit is used to execute the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a communication interface, for implementing the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the chip system also includes a memory for storing a computer program.
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, wherein the communication system includes an NFC card reader and an NFC tag for implementing the functions related to the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the communication system may include more NFC card readers and more NFC tags.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which implements the method of the first or second aspect when the computer program is executed.
  • a computer program product comprising: a computer program code, when the computer program code is executed, the method of the first aspect or the second aspect is executed.
  • beneficial effects of the third to tenth aspects and their implementations can refer to the description of the beneficial effects of the first or second aspect and their implementations.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of NFC provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an NFC system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an NFC system negotiating a transmission rate according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an NFC system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an NFC system supporting multiple transmission rates provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an NFC communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is another schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application involve NFC technology. To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the relevant contents of NFC technology are first introduced.
  • the NFC system includes an NFC initiator and an NFC target device (also called an NFC card terminal).
  • the NFC initiator can be a device with an NFC card reader
  • the NFC target device can be a device with an NFC tag.
  • the NFC initiator also includes an antenna and an antenna matching network between the NFC card reader and the antenna.
  • the NFC target device also includes an antenna and an antenna matching network between the NFC tag and the antenna. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific name of the NFC card reader.
  • the NFC card reader is also called a reader/writer, a card reader (Reader), an initiator (Initiator), and a proximity coupling device (PCD).
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific name of the NFC tag.
  • the NFC tag is also called a tag (Target, TAG), a card emulation (card emulation, CE), a proximity card (proximity card, PICC), etc.
  • NFC card terminals such as bank cards, transportation cards, access control cards, etc.
  • the NFC reader is provided with an NFC module, which can generate an RF field of a specified frequency through the NFC module, and transmit data to a nearby device (such as an NFC tag) by modulating the RF field.
  • the NFC reader can also generate an RF field of a specified frequency through the NFC module, and obtain data in the NFC tag by modulating the RF field through the NFC tag. That is, a communication channel can be established between the NFC reader and the NFC tag.
  • the information to be sent by the NFC reader is encoded and loaded onto a carrier signal and then sent out through the antenna.
  • the carrier signal carries the instructions of the NFC reader.
  • the NFC tag that enters the RF field generated by the NFC reader receives the carrier signal, and the NFC tag decodes the received carrier signal to obtain the instructions of the NFC reader.
  • the NFC tag responds to the instructions of the reader and feeds back information to the NFC reader.
  • the information fed back by the NFC tag to the NFC reader is encoded and modulated and sent to the NFC reader through the antenna.
  • the NFC reader demodulates and decodes the received signal to obtain the information fed back by the NFC tag.
  • NFC modules generally integrate contactless card readers, contactless card emulation (also known as smart cards or tags), and peer-to-peer functions. Accordingly, NFC-enabled devices support three operating modes, namely reader mode, card emulation mode, and peer-to-peer (P2P) mode.
  • NFC modules can operate in a frequency range of 13.56MHz, with a typical transmission distance of 10cm and a transmission rate of 106kbps, 212kbps, 424kbps, or 848kbps, or the transmission rate from NFC reader to NFC tag can reach up to 27.12Mbps, and the transmission rate from NFC tag to NFC reader can reach up to 6.78Mbps. Rates higher than 1.7Mbps are called very high bit rates (VHBR).
  • VHBR very high bit rates
  • NFC applications are public transportation or bank card applications
  • the data volume is small, and a lower transmission rate can be used to complete a complete transmission.
  • a higher transmission rate is required to shorten the data interaction time.
  • the transmission rate between the NFC reader and the NFC tag can be adjusted.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process of adjusting the transmission rate of an NFC initiator and an NFC target device, the process including S201-S204.
  • Fig. 2 takes the NFC initiator as an NFC card reader and the NFC target device as an NFC tag as an example.
  • an NFC reader sends a rate request message to an NFC tag, and correspondingly, the NFC tag receives the rate request message from the NFC reader.
  • the rate request message is used to negotiate a transmission rate with the NFC tag, or the rate request message is used to request a transmission rate supported by the NFC tag.
  • the NFC tag sends rate indication information to the NFC card reader in response to the rate request message, and the NFC card reader receives the rate indication information from the NFC tag.
  • the rate indication information is used to indicate the maximum transmission rate supported by the NFC tag.
  • the NFC reader sends rate activation information to the NFC tag, and correspondingly, the NFC tag receives the rate activation information from the NFC reader.
  • the rate activation information is used to indicate the transmission rate from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and the transmission rate from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC tag In response to the rate activation information, the NFC tag sends rate confirmation information to the NFC reader, and accordingly, the NFC reader receives the rate confirmation information from the NFC tag.
  • the rate confirmation information is used to confirm the transmission rate from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and the transmission rate from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can negotiate the transmission rate to be used.
  • the NFC reader determines the highest transmission rate that the NFC tag can support, and then determines a transmission rate to notify the NFC tag, thereby avoiding specifying a transmission rate that exceeds the NFC tag's capability.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can negotiate the transmission rate multiple times.
  • Figure 3 is another flow chart of adjusting the transmission rate between the NFC initiator and the NFC target device.
  • Figure 3 takes the NFC initiator as the NFC reader and the NFC target device as the NFC tag as an example.
  • S301 The NFC card reader and the NFC tag complete anti-collision and establish a communication link.
  • S302 The NFC card reader negotiates a transmission rate with the NFC tag.
  • S302 includes S302a-S302d.
  • the NFC reader sends a rate request message to the NFC tag, and correspondingly, the NFC tag receives the rate request message from the NFC reader.
  • the rate request message may be an S frame, which is used to request a transmission rate supported by the NFC tag.
  • the NFC tag sends rate indication information to the NFC card reader in response to the rate request information, and accordingly, the NFC card reader receives the rate indication information from the NFC tag.
  • the rate indication information may also be an S frame, carrying the maximum transmission rate supported by the NFC tag, such as 6.78Mbps.
  • the NFC reader sends rate activation information to the NFC tag, and correspondingly, the NFC tag receives the rate activation information from the NFC reader.
  • the rate activation information may be an S frame, which is used to indicate the transmission rate from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and the transmission rate from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC tag sends rate confirmation information to the NFC reader in response to the rate activation information, and accordingly, the NFC reader receives the rate confirmation information from the NFC tag.
  • the rate confirmation information is a feedback frame of the rate activation information, which may be an S frame, and is used to indicate the transmission rate agreed to from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag complete a negotiation of the transmission rate.
  • the transmission rate negotiated by the NFC reader and the NFC tag is 6.78Mbps.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag exchange data at 6.78Mbps, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can also negotiate the transmission rate.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag complete another negotiation of the transmission rate.
  • the transmission rate negotiated by the NFC reader and the NFC tag is 106Kbps. Subsequently, the NFC reader and the NFC tag exchange data at 106Kbps, as shown in Figure 3.
  • S303a is similar to S302c
  • S303b is similar to S302d, which will not be repeated here.
  • the data frame from the NFC tag to the NFC reader is indicated by a dotted line, indicating that this step is optional and not required.
  • the NFC card reader adjusts the transmission rate to a higher value, it is adjusted to the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag by default.
  • the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag refers to the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the NFC module in the NFC card reader and the NFC module in the NFC tag for communication. For example, if the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the NFC card reader is greater than the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the NFC tag, then the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the NFC card reader and the second device for communication is the maximum transmission rate that can be supported by the NFC tag. If the NFC card reader adjusts the transmission rate to a lower value, the NFC card reader can determine the transmission rate supported by any NFC tag that is lower than the current transmission rate.
  • the NFC module has different requirements for antenna matching resonance, resulting in different performance of the NFC module at different transmission rates. If the transmission rate is adjusted to the highest transmission rate supported by the NFC reader and NFC tag by default, the communication performance between the NFC reader and NFC tag may be reduced. In addition, due to the influence of the communication scenario or communication environment, adjusting the transmission rate may also affect the communication performance of the NFC module.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an NFC communication method that can predict the impact of adjusting the transmission rate on the communication performance of the NFC module, thereby determining how to adjust the transmission rate according to the prediction result to maximize the communication performance of the NFC module.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an NFC system, which includes a first device and a second device.
  • the first device and the second device communicate based on the RF field generated by the NFC module.
  • the first device includes an NFC card reader
  • the second device includes an NFC tag.
  • the first device and the second device may also include other communication modules, such as a Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT) module, a wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) module, etc.
  • BT Bluetooth
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the first device and the second device also include other possible components, such as antennas, which are not described here.
  • the first device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer or other types of electronic devices, with strong computing and processing capabilities and sufficient internal storage space.
  • the second device can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer or other types of electronic devices, with strong computing and processing capabilities and sufficient internal storage space.
  • the second device can also be a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a smart speaker, and other types of electronic devices with weak computing and processing capabilities or small internal storage space.
  • the exemplary communication system structure shown in FIG4 does not constitute a specific limitation on the NFC system applicable to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC system may include more or fewer electronic devices than those shown in FIG4, or may include electronic devices of different types than those shown in FIG4.
  • the NFC system may also include multiple mobile phones, or multiple electronic devices of different types, such as displays and tablet computers with communication functions. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the NFC reader and NFC tag in the embodiment of the present application support multiple transmission rates.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the transmission rates supported by the NFC reader and the NFC tag.
  • the transmission rates supported by different NFC tags may be different.
  • the transmission rates supported by NFC tag 1 include 106Kpbs, 212Kpbs, 424Kpbs, 848Kpbs, 1.7Mpbs, 3.39Mpbs and 6.78Mpbs.
  • the transmission rates supported by NFC tag 2 include 106Kpbs, 212Kpbs, 424Kpbs, 848Kpbs, 1.7Mpbs, 3.39Mpbs, 6.78Mpbs, 13.56Mpbs and 27.12Mpbs.
  • the transmission rates supported by the NFC reader include 106Kpbs, 212Kpbs, 424Kpbs, 848Kpbs, 1.7Mpbs, 3.39Mpbs, 6.78Mpbs, 13.56Mpbs and 27.12Mpbs.
  • the NFC reader can communicate with NFC tag 1 and/or NFC tag 2 through the RF field.
  • the NFC reader can communicate with NFC tag 1 based on the card emulation mode, and the NFC reader can communicate with NFC tag 2 based on the peer-to-peer mode.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can communicate based on the maximum supported transmission rate. For example, if the transmission rate adopted by the NFC reader is 13.56Mpbs, then NFC tag 2 can communicate with the NFC reader.
  • transmission can include sending and/or receiving, which can be a noun or a verb.
  • the “equal to” involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used in conjunction with “greater than”, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when “greater than” is used; it can also be used in conjunction with “less than”, and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when “less than” is used. It should be noted that when “equal to” is used in conjunction with “greater than”, it cannot be used in conjunction with “less than”; when “equal to” is used in conjunction with "less than”, it cannot be used in conjunction with "greater than”.
  • At least one means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “/” generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an “or” relationship. "At least one of the following” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these more than ten items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or plural.
  • ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, timing, priority or importance of multiple objects.
  • the first device and the second device are only used to distinguish different devices, and do not indicate the difference in priority or importance of the two terminals.
  • "if" and “if” are interchangeable, and unless otherwise specified, "when" and “in the case of" are interchangeable.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of the NFC communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the process shown in Figure 6 is applicable to devices based on NFC communication.
  • the method can be performed by two communication devices, such as a first device and a second device.
  • the first device can be an NFC card reader or a communication device that can support the NFC card reader to implement the functions required by the method, and of course it can also be other communication devices, such as a chip system.
  • the second device can be an NFC tag or a communication device that can support the NFC tag to implement the functions required by the method, and of course it can also be other communication devices, such as a chip system.
  • the first device described below can be the first device in Figure 4, and the second device can be the second device in Figure 4.
  • the NFC communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is performed by an NFC card reader and an NFC tag as an example.
  • the first device can be an NFC card reader, or a device with an NFC card reader, or a chip set in an NFC card reader.
  • the second device can be an NFC tag, or a device with an NFC tag, or a chip set in an NFC tag.
  • S601 The NFC card reader and the NFC tag complete anti-collision and establish a communication link.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can complete anti-collision and establish a communication link.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag can exchange information based on the established communication link. For example, the NFC reader and the NFC tag exchange data at a certain transmission rate.
  • the NFC card reader obtains reference information, where the reference information is used to indicate the communication performance between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag.
  • the reference information can indicate the communication performance between the NFC reader and the NFC tag, and assist in adjusting the transmission rate.
  • the information can be used to determine whether the transmission rate currently adopted by the NFC reader and the NFC tag is appropriate. As the business data between the NFC reader and the NFC tag changes, the transmission rate between the NFC reader and the NFC tag may need to be adjusted. For example, the business transmission between the NFC reader and the NFC tag requires VHBR. If the transmission rate currently adopted by the NFC reader and the NFC tag is low, then the transmission rate needs to be increased. For example, the NFC reader can adjust the transmission rate to the maximum supported transmission rate. Since the NFC module has different requirements for antenna matching resonance at different transmission rates, the performance of the NFC module at different transmission rates is also different.
  • the transmission rate is adjusted to the maximum transmission rate supported by the NFC module, which cannot enable the NFC module to achieve better performance.
  • the NFC reader can adjust the transmission rate based on the communication performance between the NFC reader and the NFC tag, so as to maximize the performance gain while meeting the transmission rate requirements.
  • the reference information may include one or more of air interface information, modulation information or antenna information.
  • the air interface information may indicate the success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate.
  • the air interface information may include the success rate of data frames at each transmission rate, and/or, the air interface information may include the probability of non-standard frames appearing at each transmission rate.
  • Non-standard frames can also be understood as error frames. It is understandable that the appearance of non-standard frames will cause retransmissions, which can be used to determine whether the current transmission rate is appropriate.
  • the probability of non-standard frames appearing includes one or more of the following: the probability of non-standard frames appearing in the same frame and the retransmitted frame of the frame, the probability of non-standard frames appearing in all frames received by the receiving end, or the probability that the sending end does not send a frame and the receiving end receives a non-standard frame.
  • the success rate of data frames at each transmission rate can be characterized by the packet loss rate of the data frames.
  • the NFC reader can determine the packet loss rate of the data frames at each transmission rate within a period of time (also called a historical time period), thereby determining the success rate of the data frames at each transmission rate. Take the transmission rates supported by the NFC reader as 106Kbps, 212Kbps, 424Kbps, and 848Kbps as an example.
  • the packet loss rate PER of the data frames corresponding to the current transmission rate is M/N.
  • the number of frame receptions and the number of failures of a rate be NR and MR respectively, then the packet loss rate of the rate satisfies:
  • the modulation information may indicate the sensitivity of the NFC reader to receive the signal and/or the quality of the signal.
  • the modulation information includes the modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the NFC tag.
  • the modulation parameters may include a modulation index MI, also known as a modulation coefficient, which may characterize the sensitivity of the NFC reader to receive the signal.
  • the NFC tag may send the modulation parameters to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader receives the signal actively sent by the NFC tag or passively receives the modulated signal.
  • the modulation index may change through the coupling between the antennas and the processing of the antenna matching network and the filter.
  • the NFC reader obtains the modulation information from the NFC tag and may adjust the current transmission rate according to the sensitivity of the NFC reader itself to receive the signal at different transmission rates, so as to make the NFC reader receive the signal with a higher sensitivity as much as possible.
  • the NFC reader may obtain the modulation parameters used by the NFC tag for a period of time, or the NFC reader may also obtain the modulation parameters used by the NFC tag when the RF field is disconnected.
  • the demodulation parameters may include filter configuration parameters, etc., which may reflect the quality of the modulated signal of electromagnetic induction coupling, or the degree of influence of noise or interference signals on the received signal, thereby indirectly characterizing the quality of the received signal of the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader may obtain the demodulation parameters used by the NFC tag within a period of time, or the NFC reader may also obtain the demodulation parameters used by the NFC tag when the RF field is disconnected.
  • the antenna information may indicate the quality factor, i.e., the Q value, of the antenna of the NFC reader, including indicating the antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters. It is understandable that after the NFC system is determined, the antenna size and antenna matching network parameters are also determined.
  • the NFC reader may determine the Q value of the NFC reader based on the antenna size and antenna network matching parameters.
  • the NFC card reader can assist in adjusting the current transmission rate according to the relationship between the Q value and the bandwidth.
  • the NFC reader can determine the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate with a frame as the granularity, that is, the NFC reader can obtain the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate every multiple frames.
  • the NFC reader can obtain reference information once at a preset time interval (e.g., a first time interval).
  • the NFC reader can obtain reference information with the granularity of disconnecting the RF field.
  • the NFC reader determines that the current transmission rate is not suitable, the NFC reader obtains reference information. For example, when the NFC reader determines that the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate is greater than a threshold value (e.g., a second threshold value), the NFC reader obtains reference information.
  • a threshold value e.g., a second threshold value
  • S603 The NFC card reader negotiates a transmission rate with the NFC tag, including S603a and S603b.
  • S603a and S603b may refer to the specific implementation of S302a and S302b mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.
  • Both the NFC reader and the NFC tag support at least two transmission rates.
  • the NFC reader can decide whether to adjust the transmission rate currently used by the NFC reader and the NFC tag (referred to as the current transmission rate) based on the reference information, and if the current transmission rate needs to be adjusted,
  • the embodiment of the present application takes adjusting the current transmission rate to the target transmission rate as an example.
  • the NFC reader can calculate the corresponding bandwidth based on the antenna information (such as the Q value), and select a suitable rate range from at least two transmission rates supported by the NFC reader and the NFC tag based on the bandwidth. Further, the NFC reader determines the target transmission rate from a suitable rate range based on the reference information. For another example, the NFC reader selects a suitable rate range from at least two transmission rates supported between the NFC reader and the NFC tag based on the bandwidth corresponding to the 3dB attenuation of the Q value. The NFC reader determines the target transmission rate from a suitable rate range based on the success rate of the data frame at each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • the antenna information such as the Q value
  • the NFC card reader can calculate the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate. Decide whether to adjust the current transmission rate. For example, if the NFC reader determines the packet loss rate of data frames at the current transmission rate The NFC reader determines that the transmission rate needs to be reduced. Wherein, T PER is the threshold value of the packet loss rate, which can be (pre) configured or predefined. On the contrary, if the NFC reader determines that the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate is The NFC reader determines that it needs to increase the transmission rate.
  • the NFC card reader determines the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate.
  • the modulation index MI used by the NFC tag at the current transmission rate determines whether the current transmission rate needs to be adjusted. and modulation index MI both meet the requirement of increasing the current transmission rate, the NFC reader decides to increase the current transmission rate. If the modulation index MI and the current transmission rate are both satisfied, the NFC reader decides to reduce the current transmission rate. For example, when MI is higher than a threshold, and T PER , if If the transmission rate can be increased, If the MI is lower than a threshold, the transmission rate can be increased. and T PER , if If the transmission rate can be reduced, No need to reduce the transfer rate.
  • the NFC card reader determines a target transmission rate between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag according to the reference information.
  • the NFC card reader decides that the current transmission rate needs to be adjusted, and determines the target transmission rate according to the reference signal. In the embodiment of the present application, the NFC card reader determines the target transmission rate in the following ways, including but not limited to.
  • the reference information includes the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate.
  • the NFC reader can determine the weight of each transmission rate according to the packet loss rate of data packets at each transmission rate, and then determine the target transmission rate according to the weight of each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • W rate (1-PER current transmission rate )/(rate/current transmission rate), where rate is the first transmission rate.
  • MI is the modulation index used by the NFC tag
  • T rise is the threshold for increasing the current transmission rate. T rise can be (pre) configured or predefined.
  • rate use maxrate cand
  • rate cand arg rate ⁇ W rate ⁇ MI ⁇ T fall ⁇ . That is, the target transmission rate rate use is the maximum value in rate cand .
  • MI is the modulation index used by the NFC tag
  • T fall is the threshold for reducing the current transmission rate. T fall can be (pre) configured or predefined.
  • the reference information includes the probability of non-standard frames appearing at each transmission rate.
  • the NFC reader can determine the weights of each transmission rate according to the probability of non-standard frames appearing at each transmission rate, and then determine the target transmission rate according to the weights of each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • the NFC reader can determine the weight of each transmission rate according to the probability of occurrence of non-standard frames at each transmission rate. Similarly, the NFC reader can determine the weight of each transmission rate according to the packet loss rate of data packets at each transmission rate. For details, please refer to the relevant content of the aforementioned method 1. For example, replace the packet loss rate of the current transmission rate in the aforementioned method with the probability of occurrence of non-standard frames, which will not be repeated here.
  • the target transmission rate determined by the NFC reader based on the reference information may be lower than the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the NFC reader and the NFC tag. That is, the target transmission rate may not be the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the NFC reader and the NFC tag. Therefore, the communication performance loss caused by the maximum transmission rate that can be supported between the NFC reader and the NFC tag can be reduced.
  • the communication performance gain between the NFC reader and the NFC tag can be maximized as much as possible while meeting the transmission rate requirements of the business.
  • the NFC card reader sends instruction information to the NFC tag, and the NFC tag receives the instruction information from the NFC card reader.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the target transmission rate.
  • the NFC reader After the NFC reader determines the target transmission rate, it notifies the NFC tag of the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate includes the transmission rate from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and the transmission rate from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader may send indication information indicating the target transmission rate to the NFC tag, such as an S frame.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific name of the indication information.
  • the indication information may also be referred to as rate activation information.
  • the NFC tag sends rate confirmation information to the NFC card reader in response to the indication information.
  • the NFC card reader receives the rate confirmation information from the NFC tag.
  • the rate confirmation information may also be a response message for the indication information.
  • the rate confirmation information is a feedback frame of rate activation, which may be an S frame, and is used to confirm the transmission rate from the NFC reader to the NFC tag and the transmission rate from the NFC tag to the NFC reader.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag exchange data based on the target transmission rate. Since the target transmission rate is determined by the NFC reader based on the reference information and is lower than the maximum transmission rate supported between the NFC reader and the NFC tag, the NFC reader and the NFC tag communicate based on the target transmission rate. While meeting the business transmission rate requirements, the communication performance gain between the NFC reader and the NFC tag can be maximized.
  • the NFC reader can adjust the current transmission rate multiple times, and each time the adjustment is performed, the above-mentioned S602-S606 is executed.
  • the target transmission rate can be greater than the current transmission rate or less than the current transmission rate.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag use transmission rate 1 for data exchange.
  • the NFC reader obtains reference information, for example, the NFC reader obtains the packet loss rate of the data frame within a period of time.
  • the NFC reader determines that the packet loss rate of the data frame at transmission rate 1 is higher than the preset threshold, then the NFC reader decides to reduce transmission rate 1.
  • the NFC reader and the NFC tag negotiate the transmission rate, and the NFC reader determines to reduce transmission rate 1 to transmission rate 2. Subsequently, the NFC reader obtains reference information again, for example, the NFC reader obtains the probability of non-standard frames appearing within a period of time. The NFC reader determines that the probability of non-standard frames appearing at transmission rate 1 is lower than the preset threshold, then the NFC reader decides to increase transmission rate 2. The NFC reader and the NFC tag negotiate the transmission rate, and the NFC reader determines to increase the transmission rate 2 to the transmission rate 3. Similarly, any time the transmission rate is adjusted, the NFC reader can decide whether to adjust the current transmission rate based on the reference information obtained, and adjust the current transmission rate to determine the target transmission rate based on the reference information.
  • the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application are introduced from the perspective of the interaction between the NFC reader and the NFC tag.
  • the NFC reader may include a hardware structure and/or a software module to implement the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether one of the above functions is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 700 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 700 may include a processing module 710 and a transceiver module 720.
  • a storage unit may be further included, which may be used to store instructions (codes or programs) and/or data.
  • the processing module 710 and the transceiver module 720 may be coupled to the storage unit.
  • the processing module 710 may read instructions (codes or programs) and/or data in the storage unit to implement the corresponding method.
  • the above-mentioned modules may be independently arranged or partially or fully integrated.
  • the communication device 700 can implement the behaviors and functions of the NFC card reader in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 700 can be an NFC card reader, or a component (such as a chip or circuit) used in an NFC card reader, or a chip or chipset in an NFC card reader or a part of a chip used to execute related method functions.
  • the processing module 710 is used to determine a target transmission rate between the communication device 700 and the second device, where the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the communication device 700 and the second device, and is greater than the current transmission rate of the communication device 700 and the second device.
  • the transceiver module 720 is used to send indication information to the second device, where the indication information is used to indicate the target transmission rate.
  • the processing module 710 is used to determine the target transmission rate between the communication device 700 and the second device, specifically including: the processing module 710 obtains reference information, and determines the target transmission rate between the communication device 700 and the second device according to the reference information.
  • the reference information is used to indicate the communication performance between the communication device 700 and the second device.
  • the reference information includes one or more of the following information: air interface information, modulation information, or antenna information.
  • air interface information is used to indicate the success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate.
  • modulation information is used to indicate the sensitivity and/or quality of the signal received by the communication device 700.
  • the antenna information is used to indicate the quality factor of the antenna of the communication device 700, including This includes indicating antenna dimensions and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the reference information includes air interface information
  • the processing module 710 obtains the reference information including: the processing module 710 determines the packet loss rate of data frames at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate in a historical time period; and/or, the processing module 710 determines the probability of non-standard frames occurring at each transmission rate of at least one transmission rate.
  • the reference information includes modulation information
  • the processing module 710 obtains the reference information including: the processing module 710 obtains the modulation information sent by the second device received by the transceiver module 720, and the modulation information includes the modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the second device.
  • the processing module 710 determines the target transmission rate between the communication device 700 and the second device based on the reference information, including: the processing module 710 determines the weights of each transmission rate based on the packet loss rate of the data packet at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • the processing module 710 determines the target transmission rate between the communication device 700 and the second device based on the reference information, including: the processing module 710 determines the weights of each transmission rate based on the probability of non-standard frames appearing at each transmission rate, and determines the target transmission rate based on the weights of each transmission rate and the modulation information.
  • the processing module 710 is also used to determine whether to increase or decrease the current transmission rate based on the packet loss rate of the data frames at the current transmission rate, wherein if the packet loss rate of the data frames at the current transmission rate is lower than the first threshold, it is determined that the current transmission rate is increased; if the packet loss rate of the data frames at the current transmission rate is higher than the first threshold, it is determined that the current transmission rate is decreased.
  • the W rate weight of the first transmission rate in the at least one transmission rate and the packet loss rate of the current transmission rate satisfy:
  • W rate (1-PER current transmission rate )/(rate/current transmission rate), where rate is the first transmission rate and PER current transmission rate is the packet loss rate of the current transmission rate;
  • the target transmission rate rate use is the maximum value of rate cand , and the rate cand satisfies:
  • the processing module 710 obtains reference information including: the processing module 710 obtains reference information once every first time interval; or, the processing module 710 determines that the packet loss rate of the data frame at the current transmission rate is greater than a third threshold, and obtains reference information.
  • the transceiver module 720 is further configured to send a response message to the second device in response to the indication information.
  • the communication device 700 can implement the behaviors and functions of the NFC tag in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 700 can be an NFC tag, or a component (such as a chip or circuit) used in an NFC tag, or a chip or chipset in an NFC tag or a part of a chip used to execute related method functions.
  • the transceiver module 720 is used to receive indication information from the first device, the indication information is used to indicate the target transmission rate; the processing module 710 is used to determine to communicate with the first device based on the target transmission rate.
  • the target transmission rate is less than the highest transmission rate that can be supported between the first device and the communication device 700, and the target transmission rate is greater than the current transmission rate of the first device and the communication device 700.
  • the target transmission rate is determined based on reference information, where the reference information includes one or more of the following information:
  • Air interface information used to indicate a success rate and/or packet loss rate of data frame transmission at at least one transmission rate
  • Modulation information used to indicate the sensitivity of the first device receiving the signal and/or the quality of the signal
  • the antenna information is used to indicate a quality factor of the antenna of the first device, including indicating antenna size and/or antenna matching network parameters.
  • the transceiver module 720 is further configured to send modulation information to the first device, where the modulation information includes modulation parameters and demodulation parameters used by the communication device 700 .
  • the transceiver module 720 is further configured to send a response message to the first device in response to the indication information.
  • processing module 710 in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component
  • transceiver module 720 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component or a communication interface.
  • FIG8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 800 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 may be an NFC card reader, which can implement the functions of the NFC card reader in the method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 may also be a device that can support the NFC card reader to implement the corresponding functions in the method provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the communication device 800 may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices. For specific functions, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device 800 includes one or more processors 801, which can be used to implement or support the communication device 800 to implement the embodiments of the present application.
  • the function of the NFC reader in the provided method Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processor 801 may also be referred to as a processing unit or a processing module, which may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 801 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, etc. For example, it may include: a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processor, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video codec processor, a controller, a memory, and/or a neural network processor, etc.
  • the central processing unit may be used to control the communication device 800, execute software programs and/or process data. Different processors may be independent devices or may be integrated in one or more processors, for example, integrated in one or more application-specific integrated circuits.
  • the communication device 800 includes one or more memories 802 for storing instructions 804, and the instructions can be executed on the processor 801, so that the communication device 800 performs the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the memory 802 and the processor 801 can be set separately or integrated together, and the memory 802 and the processor 801 can also be considered to be coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiment of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 801 may operate in conjunction with the memory 802. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor. It should be noted that the memory 802 is not necessary, so it is illustrated by dotted lines in Figure 8.
  • data may also be stored in the memory 802.
  • the processor and memory may be arranged separately or integrated together.
  • the memory 802 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk (hard, disk, drive, HDD) or a solid-state drive (solid-state, drive, SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile, memory), such as a random access memory (random-access, memory, RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store a desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the communication device 800 may include instructions 803 (sometimes also referred to as codes or programs), and the instructions 803 may be executed on the processor so that the communication device 800 performs the method described in the above embodiment.
  • the processor 801 may store data.
  • the communication device 800 may further include a transceiver 805 and an antenna 806.
  • the transceiver 805 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver module, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, an input/output interface, etc., and is used to implement the transceiver function of the communication device 800 through the antenna 806.
  • the processor 801 and transceiver 805 described in the present application may be implemented in an integrated circuit (IC), an analog IC, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFID), a mixed signal IC, an ASIC, a printed circuit board (PCB), or an electronic device.
  • the communication device described in this article may be an independent device (e.g., an independent integrated circuit, a mobile phone, etc.), or may be a part of a larger device (e.g., a module that can be embedded in other devices).
  • aforementioned description of the terminal device and the network device which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 800 may also include one or more of the following components: a wireless communication module, an audio module, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a power management module, an antenna, a speaker, a microphone, an input and output module, a sensor module, a motor, a camera, or a display screen, etc. It is understood that in some embodiments, the communication device 800 may include more or fewer components, or some components may be integrated, or some components may be separated. These components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the specific connection medium between the transceiver 805, the processor 801 and the memory 802 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the transceiver 805, the processor 801 and the memory 802 are connected via a bus, and the connection between other components is only for schematic illustration and is not intended to be limiting.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.
  • the communication device in the above embodiment can be an NFC card reader, or a circuit, or a chip used in an NFC card reader, or other combined devices, components, etc. with the above NFC card reader.
  • the processing module can be a processor, for example: a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the transceiver module can be a radio frequency unit
  • the processing module can be a processor.
  • the communication device can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an ASIC, a system on chip (SoC), a CPU, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • the processing module can be a processor of the chip system.
  • the transceiver module or the communication interface can be an input and output interface or an interface circuit of the chip system.
  • the interface circuit can be a code/data read and write interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit can be used to receive code instructions (the code instructions are stored in the memory, can be read directly from the memory, or can be read from the memory through other devices) and transmit them to the processor; the processor can be used to run the code instructions to execute the method in the above method embodiment.
  • the interface circuit can also be a signal transmission interface circuit between the communication processor and the transceiver.
  • the device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit, wherein the transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit and/or a communication interface; and the processing unit may be an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, specifically, the communication system includes at least one NFC card reader and at least one NFC tag.
  • the communication system includes an NFC card reader and an NFC tag for implementing the relevant functions of the above-mentioned Figure 6. Please refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned method embodiment for details, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method executed by the NFC card reader in FIG. 6 .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method executed by the NFC card reader in FIG. 6 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory, for implementing the function of the NFC card reader in the above method.
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the part of the technical solution of the present application that contributes essentially or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil NFC. Le procédé NFC comprend les étapes suivantes : un premier appareil détermine un débit de transmission cible entre le premier appareil et un second appareil, et envoie des informations d'indication au second appareil, les informations d'indication étant utilisées pour indiquer le débit de transmission cible ; et le débit de transmission cible étant inférieur au débit de transmission le plus élevé qui peut être pris en charge entre le premier appareil et le second appareil, et étant supérieur à un débit de transmission qui est utilisé par le premier appareil et le second appareil. Étant donné que le débit de transmission cible peut être inférieur au débit de transmission le plus élevé qui peut être pris en charge entre le premier appareil et le second appareil, il est possible de réduire au maximum la perte dans les performances de communication entre le premier appareil et le second appareil qui est provoquée par l'augmentation du débit de transmission jusqu'au débit de transmission le plus élevé qui peut être pris en charge entre le premier appareil et le second appareil, c'est-à-dire que le gain dans les performances de communication entre le premier appareil et le second appareil est maximisé autant que possible.
PCT/CN2023/131235 2022-12-02 2023-11-13 Procédé et appareil nfc WO2024114349A1 (fr)

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CN202211540331.5A CN118139037A (zh) 2022-12-02 2022-12-02 一种nfc的通信方法及装置
CN202211540331.5 2022-12-02

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130005244A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Broadcom Corporation Negotiating communication parameters between near field communications (nfc) capable devices
CN104205928A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2014-12-10 高通股份有限公司 用于改进使用活动通信模式的对等通信的方法和装置
CN111601295A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-08-28 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 传输速率动态调整方法、系统、设备及可读存储介质
CN113872726A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 华为技术有限公司 近场通信场景下调整发送速率的方法、装置及系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130005244A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Broadcom Corporation Negotiating communication parameters between near field communications (nfc) capable devices
CN104205928A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2014-12-10 高通股份有限公司 用于改进使用活动通信模式的对等通信的方法和装置
CN113872726A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 华为技术有限公司 近场通信场景下调整发送速率的方法、装置及系统
CN111601295A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-08-28 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 传输速率动态调整方法、系统、设备及可读存储介质

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