WO2024098683A1 - Battery cell liquid cooled plate, battery thermal management system, electric vehicle and design method - Google Patents

Battery cell liquid cooled plate, battery thermal management system, electric vehicle and design method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024098683A1
WO2024098683A1 PCT/CN2023/091967 CN2023091967W WO2024098683A1 WO 2024098683 A1 WO2024098683 A1 WO 2024098683A1 CN 2023091967 W CN2023091967 W CN 2023091967W WO 2024098683 A1 WO2024098683 A1 WO 2024098683A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working mode
battery
liquid cooling
cooling plate
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/091967
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卢军
董昊旻
孙焕丽
李黎黎
南海
王书洋
陈蓓娜
南超
王锦标
Original Assignee
中国第一汽车股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024098683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024098683A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention discloses a battery core liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles.
  • New energy vehicles have the advantages of high energy efficiency, zero emissions, no pollution, high specific energy, low noise, and high reliability.
  • the power battery system mainly guarantees the driving of the whole vehicle, the power demand of high and low voltage components, brake energy recovery, and energy regulation of hybrid engine systems.
  • the lower box and liquid cooling plate of the battery assembly are the core components of the battery assembly's structural protection and thermal management function, and their importance is self-evident.
  • the current mainstream battery assembly solutions are standard modules or CTP configuration battery assemblies. These two solutions have relatively complex structures and are subject to the problems of Z-direction height restrictions, low integration, low efficiency of the thermal management system, and low heat exchange efficiency.
  • the present invention proposes a battery cell liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method, which mainly solves the problems of low heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling plate and modularization of the thermal management system in the prior art.
  • the industry’s problem is low level of production and low integration of battery assemblies.
  • a battery cell liquid cooling plate comprising a liquid cooling substrate having an inverted trapezoidal side surface, a water outlet and a water inlet being symmetrically arranged at both ends of the side surface of the liquid cooling substrate, and flow channel rib structures having the same structure and being interconnected are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate between the water outlet and the water inlet, and the water outlet and the water inlet are connected to the flow channel rib structure through an internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate.
  • the water outlet and the water inlet are arranged on the same side of the liquid cooling substrate.
  • the flow channel rib structure includes a shunt structure symmetrically arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate, a buffer structure is symmetrically arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate between the two shunt structures, a flow channel uniform structure is arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate between the two buffer structures, the two shunt structures are respectively connected to the two buffer structures through the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled substrate, and the two buffer structures are respectively connected to the flow channel uniform structure through the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled substrate.
  • the water outlet and the water inlet are respectively connected to the two flow diversion structures through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate, and the uniform flow channel structure is a groove structure vertically along the center.
  • cylindrical bosses are respectively provided at the water outlet and the water inlet of the liquid cooling substrate, the edge corners at both ends of the top of the liquid cooling substrate are set as arc-shaped structures, and the cylindrical bosses are arranged coaxially with the arc-shaped structure.
  • a battery module is provided, which is applied to a battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first aspect, comprising a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery module composed of the plurality of battery cells has battery cell liquid cooling plates arranged symmetrically about the geometric origin at both ends, and the two battery cell liquid cooling plates are connected.
  • a battery thermal management system which is applied to a battery module according to the second aspect, and includes a battery management system electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery management system is electrically connected to a heating module, a cooling module and an electronic water pump, respectively, and the heating module and the cooling module are respectively connected to a battery cell liquid cooling plate and an electronic water pump pipeline;
  • the battery management system is used to obtain the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module in a sampling period, and to determine the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module:
  • the working mode is the cooling working mode
  • the working mode is the heating working mode
  • the working mode is the insulation working mode
  • the working mode is the balancing working mode
  • the working mode is the safety working mode
  • the heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump receive corresponding working mode instructions and perform corresponding heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work respectively.
  • the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 20°C, the coolant flow rate ⁇ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.1L/min;
  • the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 55°C, the coolant flow rate ⁇ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 3°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.1L/min;
  • the working mode is a heat preservation working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 25°C ⁇ cooling liquid water inlet temperature ⁇ 30°C, cooling liquid flow ⁇ 1L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.5°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.05L/min;
  • the working mode is a balanced working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 26°C ⁇ coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 29°C, coolant flow ⁇ 0.5L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.2L/min;
  • the working mode is a safe working mode
  • the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 10°C, the coolant flow ⁇ 30L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 2°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1L/min.
  • an electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a battery thermal management system according to the third aspect.
  • a design method for designing the battery cell liquid cooling plate according to the first aspect, comprising:
  • Step S1 taking the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system as design input;
  • Step S2 determining the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate according to the total thermal management power of the cell and the limit installation size of the thermal management system, wherein the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate includes: the limit size area and the limit thickness size of the cell liquid cooling plate, and the specific steps include:
  • the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system are used to obtain the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate through formula (1):
  • CH is the total thermal management power of the battery cell
  • GC is the maximum installation size of the thermal management system
  • CC is the total energy-related structural coefficient of the battery module, and its value is 0.65-0.76.
  • A is the center of mass structure compensation parameter, and its value is 0>A>-0.32.
  • D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, and its value is 56°>D>32°.
  • the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is determined according to formula (2) to determine the maximum thickness of the battery cell liquid cooling plate:
  • C is the maximum thickness of the cell liquid cooling plate
  • GB is the maximum length of the cell process
  • E is the safety factor of cell expansion, which is 1.53-1.73
  • D is the compensation parameter of cell expansion pressure, which is The value is 56°>D>32°;
  • Step S3 determining the flow channel rib structure
  • Step S4 using computational structural mechanics simulation to adjust the limit size and flow channel rib structure of the battery cell liquid cooling plate.
  • the present invention discloses a battery cell liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method.
  • the liquid cooling plate has excellent heat dissipation performance and exhibits superior performance in temperature uniformity, which can protect the battery from thermal runaway, reduce the heat propagation speed of the battery cell, and delay drastic temperature changes.
  • the battery management system obtains the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module respectively within a sampling time period, determines the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module, generates corresponding working mode instructions according to the working mode, and sends them to a heating module, a cooling module and an electronic water pump respectively.
  • the heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively receive the corresponding working mode instructions and perform corresponding heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work, which can control the temperature of the battery cell.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a battery cell liquid cooling plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a battery module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an electrical connection diagram of a battery thermal management system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a pipe connection diagram of a battery thermal management system according to the present invention.
  • 1-battery cell 2-battery cell liquid cooling plate, 201-flow channel uniform structure, 202-buffer structure, 203-water outlet, 204-water inlet, 205-liquid cooling base plate, 206-cylindrical boss, 207-arc-shaped structure, 208-diversion structure.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cell liquid cooling plate based on the prior art.
  • the battery cell liquid cooling plate 2 includes a liquid cooling substrate 205 with an inverted trapezoidal side surface.
  • a water outlet 203 and a water inlet 204 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the side surface of the liquid cooling substrate 205.
  • Flow channel rib structures with the same structure and interconnected are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204.
  • the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are connected to the flow channel rib structure through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205.
  • the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and in another embodiment, the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are arranged on the same side of the liquid cooling substrate 205.
  • the attached drawings of this embodiment show the same-side arrangement.
  • the flow channel rib structure includes a flow diversion structure 208 symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205, a buffer structure 202 symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the two flow diversion structures 208, a flow channel uniform structure 201 arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the two buffer structures 202, the two flow diversion structures 208 are respectively connected to the two buffer structures 202 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and the two buffer structures 202 are respectively connected to the flow channel uniform structure 201 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205.
  • the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are respectively connected to the two flow diversion structures 208 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and the flow channel uniform structure 201 is a groove structure vertically along the center.
  • the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 of the liquid cooling substrate 205 are respectively provided with cylindrical bosses 206 , and the edge corners at both ends of the top of the liquid cooling substrate 205 are set as arc structures 207 .
  • the cylindrical boss 206 and the arc structure 207 are arranged coaxially.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module based on the first embodiment, which is applied to a battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first embodiment, including multiple battery cells 1.
  • the battery module composed of the multiple battery cells 1 is symmetrically arranged with a battery cell liquid cooling plate 2 at the center of a geometric origin.
  • the two battery cell liquid cooling plates 2 are connected, and the battery coolant flows and exchanges from the two battery cell liquid cooling plates 2 through the corresponding water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 to achieve thermal management functions for the battery, including but not limited to heating, cooling, insulation, balance, safety and other thermal management functions.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention provides a battery thermal management system based on the second embodiment, which is applied to a battery module described in the second embodiment, including a battery management system electrically connected to multiple battery cells 1, and the battery management system is electrically connected to the heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively, and the heating module and the cooling module are respectively connected to the battery cell liquid cooling plate and the electronic water pump pipeline.
  • the battery management system is used to obtain the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module in a sampling period, and determine the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module:
  • the working mode is the cooling working mode
  • the working mode is heating.
  • the working mode is the insulation working mode
  • the working mode is the balancing working mode
  • the working mode is the safety working mode
  • working mode corresponding working mode instructions are generated and sent to the heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively, wherein:
  • the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 20°C, the coolant flow ⁇ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.1L/min;
  • the corresponding working mode instructions include: coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 55°C, coolant flow ⁇ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 3°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.1L/min.
  • the working mode is the insulation working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 25°C ⁇ coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 30°C, coolant flow rate ⁇ 1L/min, and the inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate is ⁇ 0.5°C, and the inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate is ⁇ 0.05L/min;
  • the working mode is balanced working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 26°C ⁇ coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 29°C, coolant flow rate ⁇ 0.5L/min, and the inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1°C, and the inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 0.2L/min;
  • the working mode is the safe working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: coolant inlet temperature ⁇ 10°C, coolant flow ⁇ 30L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 2°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ⁇ 1L/min.
  • the heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump receive the corresponding working mode instructions and execute the corresponding Heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work.
  • the coolant can be water or a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, but it is not specifically limited.
  • the heating module is common knowledge in the art.
  • the heating module can be a water heater (water positive temperature coefficient, WPTC), which heats the coolant inlet temperature to the corresponding temperature range through the corresponding working mode instruction.
  • WPTC water positive temperature coefficient
  • the cooling module is common knowledge in the art.
  • the heating module can be a radiator, a temperature sensor and a cooling fan. The cooling fan speed is adjusted according to the corresponding working mode instruction.
  • the coolant temperature is fed back by the outlet temperature sensor to cool the coolant inlet temperature to the corresponding temperature range.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle based on the third embodiment, including a vehicle body and a battery thermal management system described in the third embodiment.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a design method based on the fourth embodiment, which is used to design the battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first embodiment, including:
  • Step S1 taking the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system as design input;
  • Step S2 determining the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate according to the total thermal management power of the cell and the limit installation size of the thermal management system, the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate includes: the limit size area and the limit thickness size of the cell liquid cooling plate, and the specific steps include:
  • the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system are used to obtain the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate through formula (1):
  • CH is the total thermal management power of the battery cell
  • GC is the maximum installation size of the thermal management system
  • CC is the total energy-related structural coefficient of the battery module, and its value is 0.65-0.76.
  • A is the center of mass structure compensation parameter, and its value is 0>A>-0.32.
  • D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, and its value is 56°>D>32°.
  • the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is determined according to formula (2) and the maximum thickness of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is:
  • C is the maximum thickness of the cell liquid cooling plate
  • GB is the maximum length of the cell process
  • E is the safety factor of cell expansion, which is 1.53-1.73
  • D is the compensation parameter of cell expansion pressure, which is The value is 56°>D>32°;
  • Step S3 determining the flow channel rib structure
  • Step S4 using computational structural mechanics simulation to adjust the limit size and flow channel rib structure of the battery cell liquid cooling plate.

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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a battery cell liquid cooled plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method, belonging to the technical field of new energy vehicles. The battery cell liquid cooled plate comprises a liquid cooled base plate having a side surface in the shape of an inverted trapezoid; a water outlet and a water inlet are symmetrically formed in the two ends of the side surface of the liquid cooled base plate, respectively; flow channel rib structures which are structurally identical and communicate with one another are symmetrically provided on the two sides of the liquid cooled base plate between the water outlet and the water inlet; and the water outlet and the water inlet communicate with the flow channel rib structures via internal flow channels of the liquid cooled base plate. In the present invention, arranging the flow channel rib structures on the two sides of the base plate respectively makes the heat dissipation performance of the liquid cooled plate excellent; and a battery management system acquires the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of a battery module separately within one sampling time period, and determines a working mode according to the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery module, thus achieving a function of controlling the temperature of a battery cell.

Description

一种电芯液冷板、电池热管理系统、电动车辆及设计方法A battery cell liquid cooling plate, battery thermal management system, electric vehicle and design method 技术领域Technical Field
本发明公开了一种电芯液冷板、电池热管理系统、电动车辆及设计方法，属于新能源汽车技术领域。The invention discloses a battery core liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
目前，新能源汽车的发展前景非常广阔。新能源汽车具有能量效率高、零排放、无污染、比能量高、噪音低、可靠性高等优点。动力电池系统作为新能源电池车的主要储能部件，主要保证整车的行驶、高低压零部件的用电需求、制动能量回收、混合动力发动机系统能量调节等功能。电池总成的下箱体与液冷板作为电池总成的结构保护和实现热管理功能的核心部件，其重要性不言而喻。At present, the development prospects of new energy vehicles are very broad. New energy vehicles have the advantages of high energy efficiency, zero emissions, no pollution, high specific energy, low noise, and high reliability. As the main energy storage component of new energy battery vehicles, the power battery system mainly guarantees the driving of the whole vehicle, the power demand of high and low voltage components, brake energy recovery, and energy regulation of hybrid engine systems. The lower box and liquid cooling plate of the battery assembly are the core components of the battery assembly's structural protection and thermal management function, and their importance is self-evident.
目前主流的电池总成方案是标准模组或者CTP构型电池总成，这两种方案结构比较复杂，受制于Z向布置高度限制、集成化低、热管理系统效率低、热交换效率低的问题。The current mainstream battery assembly solutions are standard modules or CTP configuration battery assemblies. These two solutions have relatively complex structures and are subject to the problems of Z-direction height restrictions, low integration, low efficiency of the thermal management system, and low heat exchange efficiency.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的缺陷，本发明提出电芯液冷板、电池热管理系统、电动车辆及设计方法，主要解决现有技术中液冷板热交换效率低、热管理系统模块化 水平低、电池总成集成度不高的行业难题。In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a battery cell liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method, which mainly solves the problems of low heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling plate and modularization of the thermal management system in the prior art. The industry’s problem is low level of production and low integration of battery assemblies.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供一种电芯液冷板，所述电芯液冷板包括侧面呈倒梯形的液冷基板，所述液冷基板侧面的两端分别对称布置有出水口和入水口，所述出水口和入水口之间的液冷基板两侧对称布置有结构相同且相互连通的流道筋结构，所述出水口和入水口通过液冷基板内部流道与流道筋结构连通。According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a battery cell liquid cooling plate is provided, comprising a liquid cooling substrate having an inverted trapezoidal side surface, a water outlet and a water inlet being symmetrically arranged at both ends of the side surface of the liquid cooling substrate, and flow channel rib structures having the same structure and being interconnected are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate between the water outlet and the water inlet, and the water outlet and the water inlet are connected to the flow channel rib structure through an internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate.
优选的是，所述出水口和入水口分别在液冷基板同侧布置。Preferably, the water outlet and the water inlet are arranged on the same side of the liquid cooling substrate.
优选的是，所述流道筋结构包括对称布置在液冷基板上的分流结构，两个所述分流结构之间的液冷基板上对称布置有缓冲结构，两个所述缓冲结构之间的液冷基板上布置有流道均匀结构，两个所述分流结构通过液冷基板内部流道分别与两个缓冲结构连通，两个所述缓冲结构通过液冷基板内部流道分别与流道均匀结构连通。Preferably, the flow channel rib structure includes a shunt structure symmetrically arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate, a buffer structure is symmetrically arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate between the two shunt structures, a flow channel uniform structure is arranged on the liquid-cooled substrate between the two buffer structures, the two shunt structures are respectively connected to the two buffer structures through the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled substrate, and the two buffer structures are respectively connected to the flow channel uniform structure through the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled substrate.
优选的是，所述出水口和入水口通过液冷基板内部流道分别与两个分流结构连通，所述流道均匀结构为沿着中心垂直的凹槽结构。Preferably, the water outlet and the water inlet are respectively connected to the two flow diversion structures through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate, and the uniform flow channel structure is a groove structure vertically along the center.
优选的是，所述液冷基板上出水口和入水口处分别设有圆柱形凸台，所述液冷基板顶部两端边缘角设为圆弧状结构，所述圆柱形凸台与圆弧状结构同轴线布置。Preferably, cylindrical bosses are respectively provided at the water outlet and the water inlet of the liquid cooling substrate, the edge corners at both ends of the top of the liquid cooling substrate are set as arc-shaped structures, and the cylindrical bosses are arranged coaxially with the arc-shaped structure.
根据本发明实施例的第二方面，提供一种电池模组，应用于第一方面所述的一种电芯液冷板，包括多个电芯，多个所述电芯组成的电池模组两端呈几何原点中心对称布置有电芯液冷板，两个所述电芯液冷板相连通。According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a battery module is provided, which is applied to a battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first aspect, comprising a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery module composed of the plurality of battery cells has battery cell liquid cooling plates arranged symmetrically about the geometric origin at both ends, and the two battery cell liquid cooling plates are connected.
根据本发明实施例的第三方面，提供一种电池热管理系统，应用于第二方面所述的一种电池模组，包括与多个电芯电性连接的电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统分别与加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵电性连接，所述加热模块和降温模块分别与电芯液冷板和电子水泵管路连接； According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a battery thermal management system, which is applied to a battery module according to the second aspect, and includes a battery management system electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery management system is electrically connected to a heating module, a cooling module and an electronic water pump, respectively, and the heating module and the cooling module are respectively connected to a battery cell liquid cooling plate and an electronic water pump pipeline;
所述电池管理系统用于在一个采样时间段内分别获取电池模组的最高温度和最低温度，根据所述电池模组的最高温度和最低温度进行工作模式判断：The battery management system is used to obtain the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module in a sampling period, and to determine the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module:
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞冷却模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为冷却工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the cooling mode threshold -1°C, the working mode is the cooling working mode;
当所述电池模组的最低温度＜加热模式阈值+4℃时，所述工作模式为加热工作模式；When the lowest temperature of the battery module is less than the heating mode threshold + 4°C, the working mode is the heating working mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度-电池模组的最低温度＞保温模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为保温工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module minus the minimum temperature of the battery module>the insulation mode threshold value-1°C, the working mode is the insulation working mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞均衡模式阈值-1.5℃时，所述工作模式为均衡工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the balancing mode threshold value -1.5°C, the working mode is the balancing working mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞安全模式阈值时，所述工作模式为安全工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the safety mode threshold, the working mode is the safety working mode;
根据所述工作模式生成相应工作模式指令分别发送给加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵；Generate corresponding working mode instructions according to the working mode and send them to the heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump respectively;
所述加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵分别接收到相应工作模式指令并执行相应加热工作、冷却工作和流量调节工作。The heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump receive corresponding working mode instructions and perform corresponding heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work respectively.
优选的是，所述工作模式为冷却工作模式时，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤20℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min；Preferably, when the working mode is the cooling working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≤ 20°C, the coolant flow rate ≥ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.1L/min;
所述工作模式为加热工作模式时，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≥55℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤3℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min；When the working mode is the heating working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≥55°C, the coolant flow rate ≥15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤3°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤0.1L/min;
所述工作模式为保温工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：25℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤30℃，冷却液流量≤1L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤0.5℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.05L/min； The working mode is a heat preservation working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 25°C ≤ cooling liquid water inlet temperature ≤ 30°C, cooling liquid flow ≤ 1L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.5°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.05L/min;
所述工作模式为均衡工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：26℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤29℃，冷却液流量≤0.5L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.2L/min；The working mode is a balanced working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 26°C ≤ coolant inlet temperature ≤ 29°C, coolant flow ≤ 0.5L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.2L/min;
所述工作模式为安全工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤10℃，冷却液流量≥30L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤2℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤1L/min。The working mode is a safe working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≤10°C, the coolant flow ≥30L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤2°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤1L/min.
根据本发明实施例的第四方面，提供一种电动车辆，包括车辆本体以及第三方面所述的一种电池热管理系统。According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and a battery thermal management system according to the third aspect.
根据本发明实施例的第五方面，提供一种设计方法，用于设计第一方面所述的电芯液冷板，包括：According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a design method is provided for designing the battery cell liquid cooling plate according to the first aspect, comprising:
步骤S1，将电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸作为设计输入；Step S1, taking the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system as design input;
步骤S2，根据所述电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸确定电芯液冷板的极限尺寸，所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸包括：极限尺寸面积和电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，具体步骤包括：Step S2, determining the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate according to the total thermal management power of the cell and the limit installation size of the thermal management system, wherein the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate includes: the limit size area and the limit thickness size of the cell liquid cooling plate, and the specific steps include:
所述电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸通过公式(1)得到电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积：
The total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system are used to obtain the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate through formula (1):
其中：CH为电芯总热管理功率，GC为热管理系统极限安装尺寸，CC为电池模组总能量相关结构系数，取值为0.65-0.76，A为质心结构补偿参数，取值为0＞A＞-0.32，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取值为56°＞D＞32°。Among them: CH is the total thermal management power of the battery cell, GC is the maximum installation size of the thermal management system, CC is the total energy-related structural coefficient of the battery module, and its value is 0.65-0.76. A is the center of mass structure compensation parameter, and its value is 0＞A＞-0.32. D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, and its value is 56°＞D＞32°.
所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积根据公式(2)确定电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸：
The maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is determined according to formula (2) to determine the maximum thickness of the battery cell liquid cooling plate:
其中：C为电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，GB为电芯工艺长度极限尺寸，E为电芯膨胀安全尺寸系数，取值为1.53-1.73，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取 值为56°＞D＞32°；Where: C is the maximum thickness of the cell liquid cooling plate, GB is the maximum length of the cell process, E is the safety factor of cell expansion, which is 1.53-1.73, and D is the compensation parameter of cell expansion pressure, which is The value is 56°＞D＞32°;
步骤S3，确定流道筋结构；Step S3, determining the flow channel rib structure;
步骤S4，采用计算结构力学仿真，调节所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸和流道筋结构。Step S4, using computational structural mechanics simulation to adjust the limit size and flow channel rib structure of the battery cell liquid cooling plate.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明公开了一种电芯液冷板、电池热管理系统、电动车辆及设计方法，通过在基板两侧分别布置流道筋结构，使液冷板散热性能优异，在均温性表现出优越的性能，可以对电池热失控起到保护作用，降低电芯的热蔓延速度，延缓温度剧烈变化，电池管理系统在一个采样时间段内分别获取电池模组的最高温度和最低温度，根据电池模组的最高温度和最低温度进行工作模式判断，根据工作模式生成相应工作模式指令分别发送给加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵，加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵分别接收到相应工作模式指令并执行相应加热工作、冷却工作和流量调节工作，可以对电芯起到控温作用。The present invention discloses a battery cell liquid cooling plate, a battery thermal management system, an electric vehicle and a design method. By arranging flow channel rib structures on both sides of a substrate, the liquid cooling plate has excellent heat dissipation performance and exhibits superior performance in temperature uniformity, which can protect the battery from thermal runaway, reduce the heat propagation speed of the battery cell, and delay drastic temperature changes. The battery management system obtains the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module respectively within a sampling time period, determines the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module, generates corresponding working mode instructions according to the working mode, and sends them to a heating module, a cooling module and an electronic water pump respectively. The heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively receive the corresponding working mode instructions and perform corresponding heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work, which can control the temperature of the battery cell.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明一种电芯液冷板的等轴测视图。FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a battery cell liquid cooling plate according to the present invention.
图2是本发明一种电池模组的等轴测视图。FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a battery module of the present invention.
图3是本发明一种电池热管理系统的电气连接图。FIG. 3 is an electrical connection diagram of a battery thermal management system according to the present invention.
图4是本发明一种电池热管理系统的管路连接图。FIG. 4 is a pipe connection diagram of a battery thermal management system according to the present invention.
其中，1-电芯，2-电芯液冷板，201-流道均匀结构，202-缓冲结构，203-出水口，204-入水口，205-液冷基板，206-圆柱形凸台，207-圆弧状结构，208-分流结构。 Among them, 1-battery cell, 2-battery cell liquid cooling plate, 201-flow channel uniform structure, 202-buffer structure, 203-water outlet, 204-water inlet, 205-liquid cooling base plate, 206-cylindrical boss, 207-arc-shaped structure, 208-diversion structure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下根据附图1-4对本发明做进一步说明：The present invention is further described below with reference to Figures 1-4:
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
如图1所示，本发明第一实施例在现有技术的基础上提供了一种电芯液冷板，电芯液冷板2包括侧面呈倒梯形的液冷基板205，液冷基板205侧面的两端分别对称布置有出水口203和入水口204，出水口203和入水口204之间的液冷基板205两侧对称布置有结构相同且相互连通的流道筋结构，出水口203和入水口204通过液冷基板205内部流道与流道筋结构连通。As shown in Figure 1, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cell liquid cooling plate based on the prior art. The battery cell liquid cooling plate 2 includes a liquid cooling substrate 205 with an inverted trapezoidal side surface. A water outlet 203 and a water inlet 204 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the side surface of the liquid cooling substrate 205. Flow channel rib structures with the same structure and interconnected are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204. The water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are connected to the flow channel rib structure through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205.
其中，一种实施例为出水口203和入水口204分别在液冷基板205两侧布置，另一种实施例为出水口203和入水口204分别在液冷基板205同侧布置，本实施例的附图为同侧布置。 In one embodiment, the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and in another embodiment, the water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are arranged on the same side of the liquid cooling substrate 205. The attached drawings of this embodiment show the same-side arrangement.
流道筋结构包括对称布置在液冷基板205上的分流结构208，两个分流结构208之间的液冷基板205上对称布置有缓冲结构202，两个缓冲结构202之间的液冷基板205上布置有流道均匀结构201，两个分流结构208通过液冷基板205内部流道分别与两个缓冲结构202连通，两个缓冲结构202通过液冷基板205内部流道分别与流道均匀结构201连通。出水口203和入水口204通过液冷基板205内部流道分别与两个分流结构208连通，流道均匀结构201为沿着中心垂直的凹槽结构。The flow channel rib structure includes a flow diversion structure 208 symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205, a buffer structure 202 symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the two flow diversion structures 208, a flow channel uniform structure 201 arranged on the liquid cooling substrate 205 between the two buffer structures 202, the two flow diversion structures 208 are respectively connected to the two buffer structures 202 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and the two buffer structures 202 are respectively connected to the flow channel uniform structure 201 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205. The water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 are respectively connected to the two flow diversion structures 208 through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate 205, and the flow channel uniform structure 201 is a groove structure vertically along the center.
液冷基板205上出水口203和入水口204处分别设有圆柱形凸台206，液冷基板205顶部两端边缘角设为圆弧状结构207，圆柱形凸台206与圆弧状结构207同轴线布置。The water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 of the liquid cooling substrate 205 are respectively provided with cylindrical bosses 206 , and the edge corners at both ends of the top of the liquid cooling substrate 205 are set as arc structures 207 . The cylindrical boss 206 and the arc structure 207 are arranged coaxially.
如图2所示，本发明第二实施例在第一实施例的基础上提供了一种电池模组，应用于第一实施例所述的一种电芯液冷板，包括多个电芯1，多个电芯1组成的电池模组呈几何原点中心对称布置有电芯液冷板2，两个电芯液冷板2相连通，电池冷却液通过相应出水口203和入水口204从两个电芯液冷板2流动交换，实现对电池的热管理功能，包括但不限于加热、冷却、保温、均衡、安全等热管理功能。As shown in FIG2 , the second embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module based on the first embodiment, which is applied to a battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first embodiment, including multiple battery cells 1. The battery module composed of the multiple battery cells 1 is symmetrically arranged with a battery cell liquid cooling plate 2 at the center of a geometric origin. The two battery cell liquid cooling plates 2 are connected, and the battery coolant flows and exchanges from the two battery cell liquid cooling plates 2 through the corresponding water outlet 203 and the water inlet 204 to achieve thermal management functions for the battery, including but not limited to heating, cooling, insulation, balance, safety and other thermal management functions.
如图3-4所示，本发明第三实施例在第二实施例的基础上提供了一种电池热管理系统，应用于第二实施例所述的一种电池模组，包括与多个电芯1电性连接的电池管理系统，电池管理系统分别与加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵电性连接，加热模块和降温模块分别与电芯液冷板和电子水泵管路连接。As shown in Figures 3-4, the third embodiment of the present invention provides a battery thermal management system based on the second embodiment, which is applied to a battery module described in the second embodiment, including a battery management system electrically connected to multiple battery cells 1, and the battery management system is electrically connected to the heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively, and the heating module and the cooling module are respectively connected to the battery cell liquid cooling plate and the electronic water pump pipeline.
电池管理系统用于在一个采样时间段内分别获取电池模组的最高温度和最低温度，根据所述电池模组的最高温度和最低温度进行工作模式判断：The battery management system is used to obtain the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module in a sampling period, and determine the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module:
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞冷却模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为冷却工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the cooling mode threshold -1°C, the working mode is the cooling working mode;
当所述电池模组的最低温度＜加热模式阈值+4℃时，所述工作模式为加热 工作模式；When the lowest temperature of the battery module is less than the heating mode threshold + 4°C, the working mode is heating. Operating mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度-电池模组的最低温度＞保温模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为保温工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module minus the minimum temperature of the battery module>the insulation mode threshold value-1°C, the working mode is the insulation working mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞均衡模式阈值-1.5℃时，所述工作模式为均衡工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the balancing mode threshold value -1.5°C, the working mode is the balancing working mode;
当所述电池模组的最高温度＞安全模式阈值时，所述工作模式为安全工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the safety mode threshold, the working mode is the safety working mode;
根据所述工作模式生成相应工作模式指令分别发送给加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵，其中：According to the working mode, corresponding working mode instructions are generated and sent to the heating module, the cooling module and the electronic water pump respectively, wherein:
工作模式为冷却工作模式时，相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤20℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min；When the working mode is cooling working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≤ 20°C, the coolant flow ≥ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.1L/min;
工作模式为加热工作模式时，相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≥55℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤3℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min。When the working mode is heating working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: coolant inlet temperature ≥55°C, coolant flow ≥15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤3°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤0.1L/min.
工作模式为保温工作模式，相应工作模式指令包括：25℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤30℃，冷却液流量≤1L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤0.5℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.05L/min；The working mode is the insulation working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 25℃≤coolant inlet temperature≤30℃, coolant flow rate≤1L/min, and the inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate is ≤0.5℃, and the inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate is ≤0.05L/min;
工作模式为均衡工作模式，相应工作模式指令包括：26℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤29℃，冷却液流量≤0.5L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.2L/min；The working mode is balanced working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 26℃≤coolant inlet temperature≤29℃, coolant flow rate≤0.5L/min, and the inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate≤1℃, and the inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate≤0.2L/min;
工作模式为安全工作模式，相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤10℃，冷却液流量≥30L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤2℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤1L/min。The working mode is the safe working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: coolant inlet temperature ≤10℃, coolant flow ≥30L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤2℃, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤1L/min.
加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵分别接收到相应工作模式指令并执行相应 加热工作、冷却工作和流量调节工作。其中，冷却液可以为水或水与乙二醇混合物，但并不做具体限定，加热模块为本领域人员的公知常识，加热模块可为水加热器(water positivetemperature coefficient，WPTC)，通过相应工作模式指令将冷却液入水口温度加热到相应温度范围，降温模块为本领域人员的公知常识，加热模块可为散热器、温度传感器以及冷却风扇，根据相应工作模式指令调整冷却风扇转速，通过出口温度传感器反馈冷却液温度将冷却液入水口温度冷却到相应温度范围。The heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump receive the corresponding working mode instructions and execute the corresponding Heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work. Among them, the coolant can be water or a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, but it is not specifically limited. The heating module is common knowledge in the art. The heating module can be a water heater (water positive temperature coefficient, WPTC), which heats the coolant inlet temperature to the corresponding temperature range through the corresponding working mode instruction. The cooling module is common knowledge in the art. The heating module can be a radiator, a temperature sensor and a cooling fan. The cooling fan speed is adjusted according to the corresponding working mode instruction. The coolant temperature is fed back by the outlet temperature sensor to cool the coolant inlet temperature to the corresponding temperature range.
本发明第四实施例在第三实施例的基础上提供了一种电动车辆，包括车辆本体以及第三实施例所述的一种电池热管理系统。A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle based on the third embodiment, including a vehicle body and a battery thermal management system described in the third embodiment.
本发明第五实施例在第四实施例的基础上提供了一种设计方法，用于设计第一实施例所述的电芯液冷板，包括：The fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a design method based on the fourth embodiment, which is used to design the battery cell liquid cooling plate described in the first embodiment, including:
步骤S1，将电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸作为设计输入；Step S1, taking the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system as design input;
步骤S2，根据电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸确定电芯液冷板的极限尺寸，电芯液冷板的极限尺寸包括：极限尺寸面积和电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，具体步骤包括：Step S2, determining the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate according to the total thermal management power of the cell and the limit installation size of the thermal management system, the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate includes: the limit size area and the limit thickness size of the cell liquid cooling plate, and the specific steps include:
电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸通过公式(1)得到电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积：
The total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system are used to obtain the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate through formula (1):
其中：CH为电芯总热管理功率，GC为热管理系统极限安装尺寸，CC为电池模组总能量相关结构系数，取值为0.65-0.76，A为质心结构补偿参数，取值为0＞A＞-0.32，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取值为56°＞D＞32°。Among them: CH is the total thermal management power of the battery cell, GC is the maximum installation size of the thermal management system, CC is the total energy-related structural coefficient of the battery module, and its value is 0.65-0.76. A is the center of mass structure compensation parameter, and its value is 0＞A＞-0.32. D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, and its value is 56°＞D＞32°.
电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积根据公式(2)确定电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸：
The maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is determined according to formula (2) and the maximum thickness of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is:
其中：C为电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，GB为电芯工艺长度极限尺寸，E为电芯膨胀安全尺寸系数，取值为1.53-1.73，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取 值为56°＞D＞32°；Where: C is the maximum thickness of the cell liquid cooling plate, GB is the maximum length of the cell process, E is the safety factor of cell expansion, which is 1.53-1.73, and D is the compensation parameter of cell expansion pressure, which is The value is 56°＞D＞32°;
步骤S3，确定流道筋结构；Step S3, determining the flow channel rib structure;
步骤S4，采用计算结构力学仿真，调节所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸和流道筋结构。。Step S4, using computational structural mechanics simulation to adjust the limit size and flow channel rib structure of the battery cell liquid cooling plate.
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用。它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域。对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改。因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种电芯液冷板，其特征在于，所述电芯液冷板(2)包括侧面呈倒梯形的液冷基板(205)，所述液冷基板(205)侧面的两端分别对称布置有出水口(203)和入水口(204)，所述出水口(203)和入水口(204)之间的液冷基板(205)两侧对称布置有结构相同且相互连通的流道筋结构，所述出水口(203)和入水口(204)通过液冷基板(205)内部流道与流道筋结构连通，所述出水口(203)和入水口(204)分别在液冷基板(205)同侧布置，所述流道筋结构包括对称布置在液冷基板(205)上的分流结构(208)，两个所述分流结构(208)之间的液冷基板(205)上对称布置有缓冲结构(202)，两个所述缓冲结构(202)之间的液冷基板(205)上布置有流道均匀结构(201)，两个所述分流结构(208)通过液冷基板(205)内部流道分别与两个缓冲结构(202)连通，两个所述缓冲结构(202)通过液冷基板(205)内部流道分别与流道均匀结构(201)连通，所述出水口(203)和入水口(204)通过液冷基板(205)内部流道分别与两个分流结构(208)连通，所述流道均匀结构(201)为沿着中心垂直的凹槽结构，所述液冷基板(205)上出水口(203)和入水口(204)处分别设有圆柱形凸台(206)，所述液冷基板(205)顶部两端边缘角设为圆弧状结构(207)，所述圆柱形凸台(206)与圆弧状结构(207)同轴线布置。A battery cell liquid cooling plate, characterized in that the battery cell liquid cooling plate (2) comprises a liquid cooling substrate (205) whose side surface is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, a water outlet (203) and a water inlet (204) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the side surface of the liquid cooling substrate (205), flow channel rib structures with the same structure and interconnected are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling substrate (205) between the water outlet (203) and the water inlet (204), the water outlet (203) and the water inlet (204) are connected to the flow channel rib structure through an internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate (205), the water outlet (203) and the water inlet (204) are arranged on the same side of the liquid cooling substrate (205), the flow channel rib structure comprises a shunting structure (208) symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate (205), a buffer structure (202) is symmetrically arranged on the liquid cooling substrate (205) between the two shunting structures (208), and the two buffer structures (2 02), a flow channel uniform structure (201) is arranged on the liquid cooling substrate (205) between the two buffer structures (202), the two diversion structures (208) are respectively connected to the two buffer structures (202) through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate (205), the two buffer structures (202) are respectively connected to the flow channel uniform structure (201) through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate (205), the water outlet (203) and the water inlet (204) are respectively connected to the two diversion structures (208) through the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling substrate (205), the flow channel uniform structure (201) is a groove structure vertically along the center, cylindrical bosses (206) are respectively provided at the water outlet (203) and the water inlet (204) on the liquid cooling substrate (205), the edge angles at both ends of the top of the liquid cooling substrate (205) are set as arc-shaped structures (207), and the cylindrical boss (206) and the arc-shaped structure (207) are arranged coaxially.
  2. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，应用于权利要求1所述的一种电芯液冷板，包括多个电芯(1)，多个所述电芯(1)组成的电池模组两端呈几何原点中心对称布置有电芯液冷板(2)，两个所述电芯液冷板(2)相连通。A battery module, characterized in that it is applied to a battery cell liquid cooling plate as claimed in claim 1, comprising a plurality of battery cells (1), wherein battery cell liquid cooling plates (2) are arranged symmetrically at both ends of the battery module composed of the plurality of battery cells (1) at the center of a geometric origin, and the two battery cell liquid cooling plates (2) are connected.
  3. 一种电池热管理系统，应用于权利要求2所述的一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括与多个电芯(1)电性连接的电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统分别与加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵电性连接，所述加热模块和降温模块分别与电芯液冷板和电子水泵管路连接； A battery thermal management system, applied to a battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a battery management system electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells (1), the battery management system being electrically connected to a heating module, a cooling module and an electronic water pump respectively, the heating module and the cooling module being connected to a battery cell liquid cooling plate and an electronic water pump pipeline respectively;
    所述电池管理系统用于在一个采样时间段内分别获取电池模组的最高温度和最低温度，根据所述电池模组的最高温度和最低温度进行工作模式判断：The battery management system is used to obtain the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module in a sampling period, and to determine the working mode according to the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery module:
    当所述电池模组的最高温度＞冷却模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为冷却工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the cooling mode threshold -1°C, the working mode is the cooling working mode;
    当所述电池模组的最低温度＜加热模式阈值+4℃时，所述工作模式为加热工作模式；When the lowest temperature of the battery module is less than the heating mode threshold + 4°C, the working mode is the heating working mode;
    当所述电池模组的最高温度-电池模组的最低温度＞保温模式阈值-1℃时，所述工作模式为保温工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module minus the minimum temperature of the battery module>the insulation mode threshold value-1°C, the working mode is the insulation working mode;
    当所述电池模组的最高温度＞均衡模式阈值-1.5℃时，所述工作模式为均衡工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the balancing mode threshold value -1.5°C, the working mode is the balancing working mode;
    当所述电池模组的最高温度＞安全模式阈值时，所述工作模式为安全工作模式；When the maximum temperature of the battery module is greater than the safety mode threshold, the working mode is the safety working mode;
    根据所述工作模式生成相应工作模式指令分别发送给加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵；Generate corresponding working mode instructions according to the working mode and send them to the heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump respectively;
    所述加热模块、降温模块和电子水泵分别接收到相应工作模式指令并执行相应加热工作、冷却工作和流量调节工作。The heating module, cooling module and electronic water pump receive corresponding working mode instructions and perform corresponding heating work, cooling work and flow regulation work respectively.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电池热管理系统，其特征在于，所述工作模式为冷却工作模式时，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤20℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min；A battery thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that when the working mode is a cooling working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≤ 20°C, the coolant flow rate ≥ 15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.1L/min;
    所述工作模式为加热工作模式时，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≥55℃，冷却液流量≥15L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤3℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.1L/min；When the working mode is the heating working mode, the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≥55°C, the coolant flow rate ≥15L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤3°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤0.1L/min;
    所述工作模式为保温工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：25℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤30℃，冷却液流量≤1L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差 ≤0.5℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.05L/min；The working mode is the heat preservation working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 25℃≤coolant inlet temperature≤30℃, coolant flow rate≤1L/min, and the inlet temperature difference of the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤0.5℃, the water inlet flow difference between the left and right cooling plates is ≤0.05L/min;
    所述工作模式为均衡工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：26℃≤冷却液入水口温度≤29℃，冷却液流量≤0.5L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤1℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤0.2L/min；The working mode is a balanced working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: 26°C ≤ coolant inlet temperature ≤ 29°C, coolant flow ≤ 0.5L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 1°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤ 0.2L/min;
    所述工作模式为安全工作模式，所述相应工作模式指令包括：冷却液入水口温度≤10℃，冷却液流量≥30L/min，且冷却板左右板的入水口温度差≤2℃，冷却板左右板的入水口流量差≤1L/min。The working mode is a safe working mode, and the corresponding working mode instructions include: the coolant inlet temperature ≤10°C, the coolant flow ≥30L/min, and the water inlet temperature difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤2°C, and the water inlet flow difference between the left and right plates of the cooling plate ≤1L/min.
  5. 一种电动车辆，其特征在于，包括车辆本体以及权利要求3或4所述的一种电池热管理系统。An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising a vehicle body and a battery thermal management system as described in claim 3 or 4.
  6. 一种设计方法，用于设计权利要求1所述的电芯液冷板，其特征在于，包括：A design method for designing the battery cell liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:
    步骤S1，将电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸作为设计输入；Step S1, taking the total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system as design input;
    步骤S2，根据所述电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸确定电芯液冷板的极限尺寸，所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸包括：极限尺寸面积和电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，具体步骤包括：Step S2, determining the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate according to the total thermal management power of the cell and the limit installation size of the thermal management system, wherein the limit size of the cell liquid cooling plate includes: the limit size area and the limit thickness size of the cell liquid cooling plate, and the specific steps include:
    所述电芯总热管理功率和热管理系统极限安装尺寸通过公式(1)得到电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积：
    The total thermal management power of the battery cell and the maximum installation size of the thermal management system are used to obtain the maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate through formula (1):
    其中：CH为电芯总热管理功率，GC为热管理系统极限安装尺寸，CC为电池模组总能量相关结构系数，取值为0.65-0.76，A为质心结构补偿参数，取值为0＞A＞-0.32，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取值为56°＞D＞32°；Among them: CH is the total thermal management power of the battery cell, GC is the maximum installation size of the thermal management system, CC is the total energy-related structural coefficient of the battery module, the value is 0.65-0.76, A is the center of mass structure compensation parameter, the value is 0＞A＞-0.32, D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, the value is 56°＞D＞32°;
    所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸面积根据公式(2)确定电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸：
    The maximum size area of the battery cell liquid cooling plate is determined according to formula (2) to determine the maximum thickness of the battery cell liquid cooling plate:
    其中：C为电芯液冷板的极限厚度尺寸，GB为电芯工艺长度极限尺寸，E 为电芯膨胀安全尺寸系数，取值为1.53-1.73，D为电芯膨胀压力补偿参数，取值为56°＞D＞32°；Where: C is the maximum thickness of the cell liquid cooling plate, GB is the maximum length of the cell process, E is the safety dimension coefficient of battery cell expansion, the value is 1.53-1.73, D is the battery cell expansion pressure compensation parameter, the value is 56°＞D＞32°;
    步骤S3，确定流道筋结构；Step S3, determining the flow channel rib structure;
    步骤S4，采用计算结构力学仿真，调节所述电芯液冷板的极限尺寸和流道筋结构。 Step S4, using computational structural mechanics simulation to adjust the limit size and flow channel rib structure of the battery cell liquid cooling plate.
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