WO2024096129A1 - 尋常性ざ瘡の発生予測、重症化予測及び重症度の判定における使用のためのバイオマーカー - Google Patents
尋常性ざ瘡の発生予測、重症化予測及び重症度の判定における使用のためのバイオマーカー Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2/00—Peptides of undefined number of amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to biomarkers for use in predicting the occurrence and assessing the severity of acne vulgaris.
- Acne vulgaris is the eighth most common skin disease of all diseases (Non-Patent Document 1).
- Acne vulgaris is a very common skin disease that affects approximately 85% of teenagers, and since it occurs most frequently on the face, it is directly related to appearance and therefore has a large impact on mental health (Non-Patent Documents 2, 3).
- Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease, and it has been reported that the skin microbiome plays a part in its pathogenesis (Non-Patent Document 4).
- the present disclosure aims to provide biomarkers for use in predicting the onset, aggravation and/or assessment of the severity of acne vulgaris, as well as skin flora-improving substances, skin flora-improving compositions, and screening methods for substances or compositions for the treatment, improvement, alleviation or prevention of inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., acne vulgaris), which include investigating changes in the biomarkers.
- the present inventors performed human transcriptome analysis, microbiome analysis, and microbial flora metatranscriptome analysis using samples from severe acne patients, non-severe acne patients, and healthy individuals. As a result, they found human genes that were significantly (FDR ⁇ 0.05) high in patients with severe acne vulgaris and significantly positively correlated (Rs>0.4, p ⁇ 0.05) with the severity of acne vulgaris. Furthermore, they found microbiomes that showed significant differences between severe cases (number of inflammatory skin lesions ⁇ 5) and non-severe cases (number of inflammatory skin lesions ⁇ 5).
- the present inventors revealed pathways derived from Propionibacterium (Cutibacterium) acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis that were positively correlated (Rs>0.4, p ⁇ 0.05) with the severity of acne vulgaris (number of inflammatory skin lesions) and with the quantity parameter of fatty acids that has been suggested to be associated with the severity of acne vulgaris. Based on these findings, the inventors have developed a method for screening biomarkers, skin flora-improving substances, and skin flora-improving compositions for use in predicting the onset and aggravation of acne vulgaris or assessing the severity of the condition.
- a biomarker for use in predicting the onset, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris comprising any one of the following (I) to (III): (I) at least one human gene selected from the group consisting of IL10, RBP4, CXCL8, NOD2, CYP11B1, CCR1, GSTM1, MEN1, DLK1, DPF2, SLC52A2, KRT17, SEC24C, MSX2, ISCU, DPAGT1, LCT, SAG, LFNG, PAPOLG, IL18BP, HOXA13, VIP, MC5R, B3GNT2, CSK, FGF6, AP5B1, and IL17D, and a biological molecule encoded by the at least one human gene; (II) Staphylococcus sp.
- Pseudomonas sp. Lactobacillus sp. , Peptoniphilus sp. , Brevundimonas sp. , Leptotrichia sp. , Prevotella sp. , Corynebacterium sp. , Dialister sp. , Capnocytophaga sp. , Brevibacterium sp. , Massilia sp. , Sphingomonas sp. , Streptococcus sp.
- a method for determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for assisting in determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for collecting data for determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for predicting the likelihood of onset or aggravation of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for assisting in prediction of the likelihood of onset or aggravation of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for collecting data for predicting the likelihood of onset or aggravation of acne vulgaris in a subject comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from the subject.
- a method for screening for a skin microbiota-improving substance or composition comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from a subject.
- a method for screening a skin microbiota-improving substance or composition comprising measuring the amount of the biomarker described in any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from a subject collected before and after administration of a test substance or test composition to the subject.
- a method for screening a substance or composition for treating, improving, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease comprising measuring a biomarker according to any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from a subject.
- a method for screening a substance or composition for treating, improving, alleviating or preventing an inflammatory skin disease comprising measuring the amount of a biomarker described in any one of [1] to [6] in a sample derived from a subject collected before and after administration of a test substance or test composition to the subject.
- the screening method according to any one of [13] to [17] further comprising, in this order, collecting a sample from a subject, administering a test substance or test composition to the subject, and collecting a sample from the subject.
- the present disclosure provides a biomarker for use in predicting the onset, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris.
- the biomarker of the present disclosure increases with the severity of acne vulgaris, and therefore serves as a physiological indicator of acne progression.
- the present disclosure also provides methods for determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject or predicting the likelihood of acne vulgaris becoming severe in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris. These methods allow the severity of acne vulgaris to be determined or the aggravation of acne vulgaris to be predicted by measuring a factor that varies in a subject in the formation or formation stage of acne, i.e., a biomarker related to acne vulgaris of the present invention.
- a screening method for a skin microbiota-improving substance or a skin microbiota-improving composition includes measuring a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris.
- the skin microbiota-improving substance, skin microbiota-improving composition, or a candidate thereof selected in this manner can be used as an active ingredient or a candidate thereof for a treatment, improvement, alleviation, or prevention agent for inflammatory skin diseases including acne vulgaris.
- biomarker refers to a substance whose expression or non-expression and/or quantity changes during the onset, aggravation (progression) and/or preceding stages of a disease. Biomarkers are factors that vary during the onset, aggravation and/or preceding stages of a disease, and therefore may be useful in determining the onset and aggravation of a disease.
- the biomarker according to this embodiment in one aspect, can be a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of an inflammatory skin disease.
- the biomarker according to this embodiment in one aspect, can be a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris.
- the biomarker according to this embodiment in one aspect, can be a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris.
- the amount of the biomarker according to this embodiment which is a biomarker for use in predicting the occurrence, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris, varies depending on the severity of acne vulgaris.
- the amount of the biomarker according to this embodiment can be used as an index to determine and predict the condition of acne vulgaris, such as the severity and progression.
- the biomarker according to the present embodiment is preferably a biomarker for use in predicting the onset, aggravation, and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris, and is selected from the following (I) to (III): (I) at least one human gene selected from the group consisting of IL10, RBP4, CXCL8, NOD2, CYP11B1, CCR1, GSTM1, MEN1, DLK1, DPF2, SLC52A2, KRT17, SEC24C, MSX2, ISCU, DPAGT1, LCT, SAG, LFNG, PAPOLG, IL18BP, HOXA13, VIP, MC5R, B3GNT2, CSK, FGF6, AP5B1, and IL17D, and a biological molecule encoded by the at least one human gene; (II) Staphylococcus sp.
- Pseudomonas sp. Lactobacillus sp. , Peptoniphilus sp. , Brevundimonas sp. , Leptotrichia sp. , Prevotella sp. , Corynebacterium sp. , Dialister sp. , Capnocytophaga sp. , Brevibacterium sp. , Massilia sp. , Sphingomonas sp. , Streptococcus sp.
- the biomarker according to the present embodiment may be at least one type of bacterium corresponding to the above (II) or a nucleic acid derived from the at least one type of bacterium, or may be a nucleic acid derived from the at least one type of bacterium corresponding to the above (II).
- the biomarker according to the embodiment may be at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one pathway corresponding to the above (III), at least one biomolecule constituting the at least one pathway, and a nucleic acid encoding the same, or at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one biomolecule constituting the at least one pathway corresponding to the above (III) and a nucleic acid encoding the same, or at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one pathway derived from Propionibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus epidermidis, at least one biomolecule constituting the at least one pathway, and a nucleic acid encoding the same, or at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one biomolecule constituting the at least one pathway derived from Propionibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus epidermidis, and a nucleic acid encoding the same.
- the biomolecule constituting the pathway may be, for example, an enzyme constituting the pathway.
- the present disclosure also relates to, for example, the following (A) to (C).
- a biomarker for use in diagnosing the onset or severity of acne vulgaris wherein the biomarker is a gene selected from the group consisting of IL10, RBP4, CXCL8, NOD2, CYP11B1, CCR1, GSTM1, MEN1, DLK1, DPF2, SLC52A2, KRT17, SEC24C, MSX2, ISCU, DPAGT1, LCT, SAG, LFNG, PAPOLG, IL18BP, HOXA13, VIP, MC5R, B3GNT2, CSK, FGF6, AP5B1, and IL17D, or a protein encoded by the gene or a fragment thereof.
- a biomarker for use in diagnosing the onset or severity of acne vulgaris being selected from the group consisting of Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., Peptoniphilus sp., Brevundimonas sp., Leptotrichia sp., Prevotella sp., Corynebacterium sp., Dialister sp., Capnocytophaga sp., Brevibacterium sp., Massilia sp., Sphingomonas sp.
- a biomarker for use in diagnosing the onset or severity of acne vulgaris wherein the biomarker is a pathway derived from Propionibacterium acnes or a pathway derived from Staphylococcus epidermidis, and the pathway derived from Propionibacterium acnes is PWY-7220: adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II, PWY-7222: guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II, PWY-7208: superpathway of pyrimidine nucleotides salvage, PWY-7219: adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis, PWY-7220: adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II, PWY-7222: guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de no
- IL10 represents Interleukin-10
- RBP4 represents Retinol Binding Protein 4
- CXCL8 represents C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (IL8, also known as Interleukin-8)
- NOD2 represents Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing Protein 2
- CYP11B1 represents Cytochrome P450 11B1
- CCR1 represents C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 1
- GSTM1 represents Glutathione S-tr ansferase Mu 1
- MEN1 represents a human gene encoding Menin, a protein associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
- DLK1 represents Delta Like Non-canonical Notch Ligand 1
- DPF2 represents Double PHD Fingers 2
- SLC52A2 represents Solute Carrier Family 52 Member 2
- KRT17 represents Keratin 17
- SEC24C represents SEC24 homolog C
- MSX2 represents Msh Homeo
- DPAGT1 Dolicyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1
- LCT stands for lactase
- SAG stands for s-Antigen Visual Arrestin
- LFNG LFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (also known as Spondylocostal dysostosis 3, SCDO3)
- PAPOLG stands for Poly(A) polymerase gamma
- IL18BP stands for Interleukin-18-binding protein 1 (IL18BP)
- IL18BP stands for Interleukin-18-binding protein 2 (IL18BP).
- HOXA13 indicates homeobox A13
- VIP indicates vasoactive intestinal peptide
- MC5R indicates melanocortin 5 receptor
- B3GNT2 indicates beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2
- CSK indicates C-terminal Src kinase
- FGF6 indicates fibroblast growth factor 6
- AP5B1 indicates adaptor related protein complex 5 subunit beta 1
- IL17D indicates interleukin 17D.
- the pathways are shown as pathway codes based on MetaCyc (Version 27.1, released on August 28, 2023), a database that contains extensive information on metabolic pathways and enzymes in living organisms.
- the subject in the biomarker of this embodiment is preferably a mammal, more preferably a human, and even more preferably a biological female human.
- the biomarker according to this embodiment may be contained in a sample derived from a subject, or may be extracted from a sample derived from a subject, or may be contained in such an extract.
- the sample may be, for example, a swab sample, sebum, pus, or blood, and in a preferred embodiment, may be a swab sample.
- the swab sample may be, for example, a swab sample taken from the skin or mucosa, and in a preferred embodiment, a sample taken from the skin (skin swab sample).
- the sample derived from a subject may be a subject specimen taken from a subject and appropriately prepared according to the measurement method.
- a swab sample means a sample taken by contacting (for example, gently rubbing) a swab against the surface of the target site (for example, skin or mucosa) from which the sample is to be taken.
- the "amount" of a biomarker is not particularly limited as long as it is a parameter that is an indicator of the amount of the biomarker present, and may be, for example, concentration (molar concentration, mass per unit volume, number per unit volume) or signal intensity (absorbance, fluorescence intensity, mass intensity), and the signal intensity may be the signal intensity derived from a labeling agent that labels the subject whose amount is to be measured.
- the amount of the biomarker may be measured by a method using a next-generation sequencer or the like, or may be evaluated by a quantitative PCR method based on the amount of an amplified product obtained by amplifying the human gene or nucleic acid by a PCR method, and in the quantitative PCR method, a universal primer may be used to amplify the nucleic acid. The amount is measured based on the method in the Examples.
- an increase in the amount of the biomarker in a subject sample may indicate an increase in the severity of the subject's acne (worsening symptoms) or an increased likelihood of future acne onset and aggravation.
- a significantly higher amount of the biomarker in a subject compared to a control subject not suffering from acne may indicate that the subject has or may have acne.
- a significantly higher amount of the biomarker in a subject compared to a control subject suffering from non-severe acne vulgaris may indicate that the subject has more severe acne vulgaris than the control subject or that acne vulgaris may be more severe than the control subject.
- the biomarkers include, for example, the biomarkers corresponding to (I) above, (II) Staphylococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Peptoniphilus sp., Brevundimonas sp., Leptotrichia sp., Prevotella sp., Dialister sp., Capnocytophaga sp., Brevibacterium sp., Massilia sp., Streptococcus sp., and Lachnospiraceae sp.
- the biomarker when the biomarker according to one embodiment is at least one bacterium selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., and Sphingomonas sp., and nucleic acid derived from said at least one bacterium, for example, a decrease in the amount of said biomarker in a subject sample (e.g., a skin swab sample) may indicate an increase in the severity of the subject's acne (worsening symptoms), or an increased likelihood of future acne onset and aggravation.
- a subject sample e.g., a skin swab sample
- a decrease in the amount of the biomarker in a subject sample may indicate a decrease in the severity of the acne in the subject (improvement of symptoms) or a decrease in the likelihood of future onset and aggravation of acne.
- a significantly lower amount of the biomarker in a subject compared to a control subject not suffering from acne may indicate that the subject does not develop acne or is less likely to develop acne.
- a significantly lower amount of the biomarker in a subject compared to a control subject suffering from non-severe acne vulgaris may indicate that the subject has milder acne vulgaris than the control subject or is more likely to have improved acne vulgaris than the control subject.
- a time-dependent decrease in the amount of the biomarker in the subject may indicate that the acne vulgaris in the subject is improved or is likely to improve. Improvement of acne vulgaris means prevention or reduction of aggravation, suppression of occurrence of skin rash, etc.
- biomarkers include, for example, biomarkers corresponding to the above (I), (II) Staphylococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Peptoniphilus sp., Brevundimonas sp., Leptotrichia sp., Prevotella sp., Dialister sp., Capnocytophaga sp., Brevibacterium sp., Massilia sp., Streptococcus sp., and Lachnospiraceae sp. and nucleic acid derived from said at least one bacterium, and at least one selected from the group consisting of the biomarkers corresponding to (I) above.
- the biomarker according to one embodiment is at least one bacterium selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., and Sphingomonas sp., and nucleic acid derived from said at least one bacterium
- an increase in the amount of said biomarker in a subject sample may indicate a decrease in the severity of the subject's acne (improvement of symptoms), or a decrease in the likelihood of future acne onset and aggravation.
- the biomarker according to this embodiment is one whose expression level changes significantly near the surface layer of the skin in patients with severe acne vulgaris, and is therefore believed to be capable of determining the severity of acne or predicting the possibility of future onset.
- the biomarker of this embodiment can not only determine and predict the severity of acne vulgaris, but also estimate the onset and aggravation of acne, and confirm the current skin condition (homeostasis) regardless of whether acne has developed or not, making it possible to predict the possibility of future acne development.Furthermore, it is expected that the biomarker can be used as a tool to help prevent the onset and aggravation of inflammatory skin diseases, not limited to acne.
- An aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to an aspect of the present embodiment.
- An aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for assisting in determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to an aspect of the present embodiment.
- An aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for collecting data for determining the severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to an aspect of the present embodiment.
- the biomarker, subject, sample, amount measurement, and severity determination based on the measured amount are the same as those described for the biomarker according to an aspect of the present embodiment.
- One aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for predicting the likelihood of onset or severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of the present embodiment.
- One aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for assisting in predicting the likelihood of onset or severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of the present embodiment.
- One aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for predicting the likelihood of onset of inflammation in the skin, comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of the present embodiment.
- a low likelihood of onset of inflammation in the skin can be said to mean that homeostasis is maintained and the condition is good.
- One aspect of the present embodiment relates to a method for collecting data for predicting the likelihood of onset or severity of acne vulgaris in a subject, comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of the present embodiment.
- the biomarker, subject, sample, amount measurement, and prediction of the likelihood of onset or severity based on the measured amount are the same as those described for the biomarker according to one aspect of the present embodiment.
- One aspect of this embodiment is a method for screening a substance or composition that suppresses the expression of a biomarker for predicting the occurrence and/or determining the severity of acne vulgaris, a method for screening a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition, or a substance or composition for treating, improving, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris), or a method for screening a substance or composition for maintaining a state in which inflammation is unlikely to occur in the skin (e.g., a state in which homeostasis is maintained), comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of this embodiment.
- One aspect of this embodiment may be a method for screening a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition, or a substance or composition for treating, improving, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris), comprising measuring a biomarker according to one aspect of this embodiment.
- the inflammatory skin disease is preferably acne vulgaris.
- a substance or composition that suppresses the expression level of a gene whose expression is increased in the skin flora or an affected area of an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris) or a biomolecule encoded by the gene can be selected.
- These screening methods can select, for example, substances or compositions that increase (complement) the expression of genes or biomolecules encoded by genes whose expression is reduced in the skin flora or in areas affected by inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., acne vulgaris). These screening methods can select, for example, substances or compositions that contribute to bacteria that contribute to skin homeostasis (e.g., regulating gene expression in the bacteria). These screening methods can select, for example, substances or compositions that suppress the function of bacteria involved in the worsening of skin diseases.
- the biomarker, sample, amount measurement, and severity determination based on the measured amount are the same as those described in the biomarker according to one aspect of this embodiment.
- the test substance or test composition can be selected as a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition, or a candidate thereof, or a substance or composition for treating, improving, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris), or a candidate thereof.
- the test substance or test composition may be selected as a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition, or a candidate thereof.
- the biomarker may be, for example, a biomarker corresponding to the above (I), (II) Staphylococcus sp.
- the biomarker may be Pseudomonas sp. , Corynebacterium sp.
- test substance or test composition may be selected as a skin flora-improving substance, skin flora-improving composition, or a candidate thereof.
- One aspect of the screening method of this embodiment may be a method for screening a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition, or a substance or composition for treating, ameliorating, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris), comprising measuring the amount of a biomarker according to one aspect of this embodiment in a sample derived from a subject collected before and after administration of a test substance or test composition to the subject.
- an inflammatory skin disease e.g., acne vulgaris
- the test substance or test composition may be selected as a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition or a candidate thereof, or a substance or composition or a candidate thereof for treating, ameliorating, alleviating, or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris).
- an inflammatory skin disease e.g., acne vulgaris
- the test substance or test composition may be selected as a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition or candidate thereof, or a substance or composition or candidate thereof for treating, improving, alleviating or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris).
- an inflammatory skin disease e.g., acne vulgaris
- the subject in the screening method of this embodiment may be a human or a non-human animal, and is preferably a non-human mammal, such as a mouse, a rat, a hamster, or a guinea pig. These subjects may be female. Furthermore, these subjects preferably suffer from an inflammatory skin disease, and more preferably suffer from acne vulgaris.
- Inflammatory skin diseases include, for example, acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, folliculitis, psoriasis vulgaris, cutaneous candidiasis, contact dermatitis, etc., with acne vulgaris being preferred.
- test substance or test composition in the screening method of this embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be a substance or composition known to have the potential to improve the skin flora, or may be a substance or composition for which such potential is not known.
- the type of test substance or test composition is also not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an organic small molecule, a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, a nucleic acid, a peptide or a protein, or a composition containing them.
- test substance is a substance or composition that has been shown to be safe for humans, and may be, for example, a substance or composition approved as an ingredient in medicines, cosmetics, or foods, or may be a substance or composition known to have a therapeutic or preventive effect on skin diseases.
- the screening method of this embodiment may further include, in this order, collecting a sample from a subject (first collection step), administering a test substance or test composition to the subject (administration step), and collecting a sample from the subject (second collection step).
- the method of collecting the sample from the subject in the first and second collection steps is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a method normally used by a person skilled in the art depending on the type of sample.
- the collection method may be a method of contacting the collection site with a swab.
- the method of administration of the test substance or test composition in the administration step is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, transdermal administration, oral administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration, intraperitoneal administration, or ophthalmic administration, nasal administration, etc.
- the amount of the test substance or test composition administered in the administration step is also not limited, and may be, for example, 1 ng to 10 g per kg of the subject's body weight.
- the period between the first collection step and the administration step is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1 minute or more or 1 day or more, or 30 days or less or 7 days or less.
- the period between the administration step and the second collection step is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of performing the second collection step while the improvement effect of the administered drug is occurring, it may be, for example, 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 7 days or more, or 14 days or more, or 60 days or less, 30 days or less, 15 days or less, 10 days or less, 6 days or less, or 4 days or less.
- the screening method of this embodiment makes it possible to select a skin flora-improving substance, a skin flora-improving composition or a candidate thereof, or a substance or composition or a candidate thereof for treating, improving, alleviating or preventing an inflammatory skin disease (e.g., acne vulgaris).
- the substance, skin flora-improving composition or candidate thereof selected in this manner can be used, for example, as an active ingredient or a candidate thereof for a treatment, improvement, alleviation or prevention agent for inflammatory skin diseases including acne vulgaris.
- the subject exclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Those currently receiving drug treatment with medicines prescribed by a medical institution. 2) Those with acne conglobata, acne fulminans, or secondary acne (chlorine, drug-induced acne, etc.). 3) Those with facial trauma or keloid lesions. 4) Those with chronic skin diseases other than acne vulgaris, such as atopic dermatitis. 5) Those who fall under any of the following: A) Use of topical agents (medicines, quasi-drugs, cosmetics, etc.) I. Those who have used the following preparations within 4 weeks from the date of examination: - Preparations containing retinoids (including adapalene and vitamin A preparations). II.
- RNA analysis method RNA was extracted from the swab using Quick-RNA Fecal/Soil Microbe MicroPrep Kit (ZYMO RESEARCH). The RNA samples were amplified and made into libraries using KAPA Stranded RNA-Seq Library Preparation Kit (KAPABIOSYSTEMS), and analyzed with HiSeqX. The raw data was aligned to the reference sequence using BBMap, and separated into human-derived RNA and environmental-derived RNA. Human-derived RNA data was processed using HiSat2, and environmental-derived RNA data was processed using HuManN2, and sequence filter processing and gene annotation information were added, respectively. GENE-E was used to compare two groups, and correlation analysis was performed using Spearman.
- Dialister sp., Capnocytophaga sp., Brevibacterium sp., Massilia sp., Streptococcus sp., and Lachnospiraceae sp. were found to be significantly more prevalent in the non-severe acne group, while Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., and Sphingomonas sp. were found to be significantly more prevalent in the non-severe acne group. (p ⁇ 0.05, FDR ⁇ 0.1).
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Abstract
Description
[1]尋常性ざ瘡の発生予測、重症化予測及び/又は重症度の判定における使用のためのバイオマーカーであって、下記(I)~(III):
(I)IL10、RBP4、CXCL8、NOD2、CYP11B1、CCR1、GSTM1、MEN1、DLK1、DPF2、SLC52A2、KRT17、SEC24C、MSX2、ISCU、DPAGT1、LCT、SAG、LFNG、PAPOLG、IL18BP、HOXA13、VIP、MC5R、B3GNT2、CSK、FGF6、AP5B1及びIL17Dからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子並びに該少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子がコードする生体分子;
(II)Staphylococcus sp.、Pseudomonas sp.、Lactobacillus sp.、Peptoniphilus sp.、Brevundimonas sp.、Leptotrichia sp.、Prevotella sp.、Corynebacterium sp.、Dialister sp.、Capnocytophaga sp.、Brevibacterium sp.、Massilia sp.、Sphingomonas sp.、Streptococcus sp.及びLachnospiraceae sp.からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の細菌並びに上記少なくとも一種の細菌由来の核酸;
(III)Propionibacterium acnes由来の下記:
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7208:superpathway of pyrimidine nucleobases salvage、
PWY-7219:adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7228:superpathway of guanosine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I、
PWY-6609:adenine and adenosine salvage III、
PWY-6897 thiamin salvage II、
PWY-7221:guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
DAPLYSINESYN-PWY:L-lysine biosynthesis I、
PWY-3841:folate transformations II、
PWY-2942:L-lysine biosynthesis III、
COA-PWY:coenzyme A biosynthesis I
のパスウェイ及びStaphylococcus epidermidis由来の下記:
PWY-5100:pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II、
VALSYN-PWY:L-valine biosynthesis、
PWY-7111:pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered)
のパスウェイからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種のパスウェイ、上記少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸;
からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、バイオマーカー。
[2]上記バイオマーカーの、被験体がヒトである、[1]に記載のバイオマーカー。
[3]上記バイオマーカーが、被験体から採取されたスワブサンプル中に含まれるものである、[1]又は[2]に記載のバイオマーカー。
[4]上記スワブサンプルが、皮膚から採取されたものである、[3]に記載のバイオマーカー。
[5]上記バイオマーカーの量の増加が、被験体の尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の上昇(症状の悪化)を示す、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカー。
[6]上記バイオマーカーの量の低下が、被験体の尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の低下(症状の改善)を示す、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカー。
[7]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定方法。
[8]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定を補助する方法。
[9]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定のためのデータを収集する方法。
[10]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測方法。
[11]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測を補助する方法。
[12]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測のためのデータを収集する方法。
[13]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、皮膚細菌叢改善物質又は皮膚細菌叢改善組成物のスクリーニング方法。
[14]被験体に被験物質又は被験組成物を投与する前及び投与した後に採取した被験体由来のサンプル中の、[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーの量を測定することを含む、皮膚細菌叢改善物質又は皮膚細菌叢改善組成物のスクリーニング方法。
[15]被験体由来のサンプル中の[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、炎症性皮膚疾患の治療、改善、緩和又は予防のための物質又は組成物のスクリーニング方法。
[16]被験体に被験物質又は被験組成物を投与する前及び投与した後に採取した被験体由来のサンプル中の、[1]~[6]のいずれか一つに記載のバイオマーカーの量を測定することを含む、炎症性皮膚疾患の治療、改善、緩和又は予防のための物質又は組成物のスクリーニング方法。
[17]上記炎症性皮膚疾患が、尋常性ざ瘡である、[15]又は[16]に記載のスクリーニング方法。
[18]被験体からサンプルを採取すること、上記被験体に被験物質又は被験組成物を投与すること、及び上記被験体からサンプルを採取することをこの順でさらに含む、[13]~[17]のいずれか一つに記載のスクリーニング方法。
[バイオマーカー]
(I)IL10、RBP4、CXCL8、NOD2、CYP11B1、CCR1、GSTM1、MEN1、DLK1、DPF2、SLC52A2、KRT17、SEC24C、MSX2、ISCU、DPAGT1、LCT、SAG、LFNG、PAPOLG、IL18BP、HOXA13、VIP、MC5R、B3GNT2、CSK、FGF6、AP5B1及びIL17Dからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子並びに該少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子がコードする生体分子;
(II)Staphylococcus sp.、Pseudomonas sp.、Lactobacillus sp.、Peptoniphilus sp.、Brevundimonas sp.、Leptotrichia sp.、Prevotella sp.、Corynebacterium sp.、Dialister sp.、Capnocytophaga sp.、Brevibacterium sp.、Massilia sp.、Sphingomonas sp.、Streptococcus sp.及びLachnospiraceae sp.からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の細菌並びに上記少なくとも一種の細菌由来の核酸;
(III)Propionibacterium acnes由来の下記:
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7208:superpathway of pyrimidine nucleobases salvage、
PWY-7219:adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7228:superpathway of guanosine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I、
PWY-6609:adenine and adenosine salvage III、
PWY-6897 thiamin salvage II、
PWY-7221:guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
DAPLYSINESYN-PWY:L-lysine biosynthesis I、
PWY-3841:folate transformations II、
PWY-2942:L-lysine biosynthesis III、
COA-PWY:coenzyme A biosynthesis I
のパスウェイ及びStaphylococcus epidermidis由来の下記:
PWY-5100:pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II、
VALSYN-PWY:L-valine biosynthesis、
PWY-7111:pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered)
のパスウェイからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種のパスウェイ、上記少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸;
からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、バイオマーカーである。本実施形態に係るバイオマーカーは、一態様においては上記(I)に該当する少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子又は該少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子がコードする生体分子であってよく、上記(I)に該当する少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子であってもよい。実施形態に係るバイオマーカーは、一態様においては上記(II)に該当する少なくとも一種の細菌又は該少なくとも一種の細菌由来の核酸であってよく、上記(II)に該当する少なくとも一種の細菌由来の核酸であってもよい。実施形態に係るバイオマーカーは、一態様においては上記(III)に該当する少なくとも一種のパスウェイ、上記少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つであってよく、上記(III)に該当する少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つであってもよく、Propionibacterium acnes由来又はStaphylococcus epidermidis由来の上記(III)に該当する少なくとも一種のパスウェイ、上記少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つであってもよく、Propionibacterium acnes由来又はStaphylococcus epidermidis由来の上記(III)に該当する少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つであってもよい。これらの場合において、パスウェイを構成する生体分子は、例えばパスウェイを構成する酵素であってよい。
(A)尋常性ざ瘡の発症又は重症度の診断に使用するためのバイオマーカーであって、上記バイオマーカーが、IL10、RBP4、CXCL8、NOD2、CYP11B1、CCR1、GSTM1、MEN1、DLK1、DPF2、SLC52A2、KRT17、SEC24C、MSX2、ISCU、DPAGT1、LCT、SAG、LFNG、PAPOLG、IL18BP、HOXA13、VIP、MC5R、B3GNT2、CSK、FGF6、AP5B1及びIL17Dからなる群より選択される遺伝子又は該遺伝子がコードするタンパク質若しくはそのフラグメントである、バイオマーカー。
(B)尋常性ざ瘡の発症又は重症度の診断に使用するためのバイオマーカーであって、上記バイオマーカーが、Staphylococcus sp.、Pseudomonas sp.、Lactobacillus sp.、Peptoniphilus sp.、Brevundimonas sp.、Leptotrichia sp.、Prevotella sp.、Corynebacterium sp.、Dialister sp.、Capnocytophaga sp.、Brevibacterium sp.、Massilia sp.、Sphingomonas sp.、Streptococcus sp.及びLachnospiraceae sp.からなる群より選択される細菌である、バイオマーカー。
(C)尋常性ざ瘡の発症又は重症度の診断に使用するためのバイオマーカーであって、上記バイオマーカーが、Propionibacterium acnes由来のパスウェイ又はStaphylococcus epidermidis由来のパスウェイであり、上記Propionibacterium acnes由来のパスウェイが、
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7208:superpathway of pyrimidine nucleobases salvage、
PWY-7219:adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7228:superpathway of guanosine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I、
PWY-6609:adenine and adenosine salvage III、
PWY-6897 thiamin salvage II、
PWY-7221:guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
DAPLYSINESYN-PWY:L-lysine biosynthesis I、
PWY-3841:folate transformations II、
PWY-2942:L-lysine biosynthesis III、及び
COA-PWY:coenzyme A biosynthesis I
からなる群より選択されるパスウェイであり、
上記Staphylococcus epidermidis由来のパスウェイが、
PWY-5100:pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II、
VALSYN-PWY:L-valine biosynthesis、及び
PWY-7111:pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered)
からなる群より選択されるパスウェイである、バイオマーカー。
本実施形態の一態様は、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定方法に関する。本実施形態の一態様は、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定を補助する方法に関する。本実施形態の一態様は、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定のためのデータを収集する方法に関する。バイオマーカー、被験体、サンプル、量の測定及び測定された量に基づく重症度の判定については、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーにおいて説明したのと同様である。
本実施形態の一態様は、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、尋常性ざ瘡の発生予測及び/若しくは重症度判定用のバイオマーカーの発現を抑制させる物質若しくは組成物のスクリーニング方法、皮膚細菌叢改善物質、皮膚細菌叢改善組成物又は炎症性皮膚疾患(例えば尋常性ざ瘡)の治療、改善、緩和若しくは予防のための物質若しくは組成物のスクリーニング方法、又は皮膚における炎症が発生しにくい状態(例えば、恒常性が保たれた状態)を維持するための物質若しくは組成物のスクリーニング方法である。本実施形態の一態様は、本実施形態の一態様に係るバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、皮膚細菌叢改善物質、皮膚細菌叢改善組成物又は炎症性皮膚疾患(例えば尋常性ざ瘡)の治療、改善、緩和若しくは予防のための物質若しくは組成物のスクリーニング方法でありうる。これらにおいて、炎症性皮膚疾患は、好ましくは尋常性ざ瘡である。これらのスクリーニング方法によれば、例えば皮膚細菌叢又は炎症性皮膚疾患(例えば尋常性ざ瘡)の患部において発現が上昇した遺伝子又はそれがコードする生体分子の発現量を抑制する物質若しくは組成物を選別することができる。これらのスクリーニング方法によれば、例えば皮膚細菌叢又は炎症性皮膚疾患(例えば尋常性ざ瘡)の患部において発現が減少した遺伝子又はそれがコードする生体分子の発現量を増加させる(補う)物質若しくは組成物を選別することができる。これらのスクリーニング方法によれば、例えば皮膚の恒常性に寄与している細菌類に対して寄与(例えば該細菌類における遺伝子発現を調節)する物質若しくは組成物を選別することができる。これらのスクリーニング方法によれば、例えば皮膚疾患の悪化に関与する細菌類の機能を抑制する物質若しくは組成物を選別することができる。
観察研究として50名(健常者10名、ざ瘡患者40名)、20歳から40歳の女性をリクルートした。被験者選択基準は以下のとおりである。
1)同意取得時点での年齢が20歳以上40歳未満の健康な女性
2)以下、A)またはB)の何れかに該当する者
A)健常肌(顔面に尋常性ざ瘡を含む皮膚疾患がない者)
B)顔面に尋常性ざ瘡を有する者(額に5個以上且つ顔面全体で10個以上有し、左右の個数に大きな偏りがない者;炎症性皮疹と診断された個数が5個以上の者を重症群と定義する)
3)本研究の目的、内容について十分な説明を受け、同意能力があり、よく理解した上で自発的に参加を志願し、書面で本研究参加に同意できる者
4)指定された検査日に来所でき、検査を受ける事のできる者
1)現在、医療機関より処方された医薬品にて薬物治療を受けている者
2)集簇性ざ瘡,電撃性ざ瘡および二次性ざ瘡(塩素,薬物性ざ瘡等)を有する者
3)顔面に外傷あるいはケロイド病変を有する者
4)アトピー性皮膚炎等、尋常性ざ瘡以外の慢性的な皮膚疾患を有する者
5)以下に該当する者
A)外用剤(医薬品、医薬部外品、化粧品等)の使用
I.検査日より4週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
・レチノイド(アダパレン、ビタミンA剤を含む)含有製剤
II.検査日より2週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
・抗菌剤および抗炎症剤等のざ瘡治療剤
・過酸化ベンゾイル含有製剤
・副腎皮質ホルモン剤
・ヒドロキシ酸(グリコール酸,サリチル酸,乳酸など)含有するなど、角層ピーリング効果があると考えられる製品(洗浄料を除く)
B)施術
I.検査日より4週間以内に次の施術を受けた者
・ケミカルピーリング,レーザー治療,光線療法,エステ,顔面の手術
C)全身に作用する薬剤等(内服,注射等全身作用を目的としたもの)
I.検査日より12週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
・レチノイド(アダパレン、ビタミンA剤を含む)含有製剤
II.検査日より4週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
・抗菌剤および抗炎症剤等のざ瘡治療剤
・ホルモン剤(低用量ピル、副腎皮質ホルモン剤含む)
・ざ瘡に有効と考えられる漢方製剤(清上防風湯,荊芥連翹湯,十味敗毒湯,当帰芍薬散など)
III.検査日より2週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
・副腎皮質ホルモン剤
IV.検査日より1週間以内に次の製剤を使用した者
I~III以外の全ての医薬品
6)疾患治療を目的とした、薬物の摂取、塗布習慣のある者
7)肝、腎、心、肺、血液等の重篤な障害の既往歴・現病歴のある者
8)精神障害を有する者
9)消化器官に併存疾患および重篤な既往歴のある者
10)妊娠中、授乳中あるいは妊娠の可能性のある者
11)日常的な飲酒量が純アルコール換算で平均60g/日を超える者
12)現在、他ヒト臨床試験に参加している者又は検査日3か月以内に他ヒト臨床試験に参加していた者
13)その他、研究責任医師又は研究分担医師が本研究の対象として不適当と判断した者
1.身体活動
・検査当日は検査終了まで運動及び発汗の可能性がある身体活動を禁止とする。
・各検査前日は十分な睡眠をとることとする。
2.入浴、洗顔
・検査日3日前より温泉や薬効を有する湯船への入湯ならびにサウナなどの利用を禁止とする(通常の入浴は可とする)。
・検査前日は入浴 ならびに十分な洗顔を行う、その後、検査当日の 検査終了まで入浴(シャワーを含むや洗顔を禁止とする。
3.化粧など
・検査前日の入浴、洗顔後の肌ケア(基礎化粧品の使用)は可とするが、その後、検査当日の検査終了まで、肌ケア(基礎化粧品を含む)や化粧の実施を禁止とする。
4.その他、研究結果に影響を及ぼすと考えられる事項を禁止とする。
スワブサンプリング方法:
緩衝液を染み込ませたスワブで額中央部位を10~20回程度擦り採取し、-20℃以下で保管した。
E.Z.N.A.TM stool DNA isolation kit (Omega Bio-Tek)を使用し、スワブよりDNAを抽出した。DNAサンプルはKAPA HyperPlus Library Preparation Kitを使用してライブラリー化した。解析プライマーは16SrRNA v4領域を伸長するユニバーサルプライマー(F515、R806(Kozich et al.,2013))を使用し、MiSeqで解析した。生データはMothurを使用してOTU(>97%)クラスター化し、SILVAを使用してメタゲノムデータのtaxonomy assignmentを行った。重症ざ瘡群(炎症性皮疹数≧5個)と非重症ざ瘡群(炎症性皮疹数<5個)間の2群比較はGENE-E(http://www.broadinstitute.org/cancer/software/GENE-E、2023年10月31日アクセス)を用いた解析及びLEfSe(Linear discriminant analysis effect size)解析(Nicola Segata et al., "Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation.", Genome Biol. 2011 Jun 24;12(6):R60)を行った。
Quick-RNA Fecal/Soil Microbe MicroPrep Kit(ZYMO RESEARCH)を使用し、スワブよりRNAを抽出した。RNAサンプルは増幅し、KAPA Stranded RNA-Seq Library Preparation Kit(KAPABIOSYSTEMS)を使用してライブラリー化し、HiSeqXで解析を行った。生データはBBMapを使用してリファレンス配列へのアライメントを行い、ヒト由来RNAと環境由来RNAに分けた。ヒト由来RNAデータはHiSat2を使用して、環境由来RNAデータはHuManN2を使用してそれぞれシーケンスフィルター処理と遺伝子アノテーション情報を付与した。GENE-Eを使用して2群間比較、相関解析をSpearmanを用いて行った。
本試験例では、スワブでサンプリングした部位に存在する細菌叢について、16SrRNAアンプリコン解析を行うことで重症ざ瘡群と非重症ざ瘡群における菌叢の存在比について評価した。文献(Roberta Caruso et al., "Dynamic and Asymmetric Changes of the Microbial Communities after Cohousing in Laboratory Mice", Cell Rep. 2019 Jun 11;27(11):3401-3412.e3.)に記載の方法に沿って、上記にて得られたスワブサンプルのマクロバイオーム解析を行った。
本試験例では、ざ瘡の重症度と関係するヒト由来遺伝子について評価した。
本試験例では、ざ瘡の重症度、又は皮脂脂肪酸含量(データは示さず)と細菌遺伝子経路(パスウェイ)との相関を、スピアマン順位相関係数を用いて調べた。皮脂脂肪酸量はざ瘡の重症度と正の相関を示すことが報告されている(Harris HH et al., "Sustainable rates of sebum secretion in acne patients and matched normal control subjects", J Am Acad Dermatol. Volume 8, Issue 2, February 1983, Pages 200-203)ことから、メタトランスクリプトーム解析のパラメータの一つとして解析に用いた。
Claims (16)
- 尋常性ざ瘡の発生予測、重症化予測及び/又は重症度の判定における使用のためのバイオマーカーであって、下記(I)~(III):
(I)IL10、RBP4、CXCL8、NOD2、CYP11B1、CCR1、GSTM1、MEN1、DLK1、DPF2、SLC52A2、KRT17、SEC24C、MSX2、ISCU、DPAGT1、LCT、SAG、LFNG、PAPOLG、IL18BP、HOXA13、VIP、MC5R、B3GNT2、CSK、FGF6、AP5B1及びIL17Dからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子並びに該少なくとも一つのヒト遺伝子がコードする生体分子;
(II)Staphylococcus sp.、Pseudomonas sp.、Lactobacillus sp.、Peptoniphilus sp.、Brevundimonas sp.、Leptotrichia sp.、Prevotella sp.、Corynebacterium sp.、Dialister sp.、Capnocytophaga sp.、Brevibacterium sp.、Massilia sp.、Sphingomonas sp.、Streptococcus sp.及びLachnospiraceae sp.からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の細菌並びに前記少なくとも一種の細菌由来の核酸;
(III)Propionibacterium acnes由来の下記:
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7208:superpathway of pyrimidine nucleobases salvage、
PWY-7219:adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
PWY-7220:adenosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7222:guanosine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis II、
PWY-7228:superpathway of guanosine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis I、
PWY-6609:adenine and adenosine salvage III、
PWY-6897 thiamin salvage II、
PWY-7221:guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis、
DAPLYSINESYN-PWY:L-lysine biosynthesis I、
PWY-3841:folate transformations II、
PWY-2942:L-lysine biosynthesis III、
COA-PWY:coenzyme A biosynthesis I
のパスウェイ及びStaphylococcus epidermidis由来の下記:
PWY-5100:pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II、
VALSYN-PWY:L-valine biosynthesis、
PWY-7111:pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered)
のパスウェイからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種のパスウェイ、前記少なくとも一種のパスウェイを構成する少なくとも一つの生体分子及びそれをコードする核酸;
からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、バイオマーカー。 - 前記バイオマーカーの、被験体がヒトである、請求項1に記載のバイオマーカー。
- 前記バイオマーカーが、被験体から採取されたスワブサンプル中に含まれるものである、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカー。
- 前記スワブサンプルが、皮膚から採取されたものである、請求項3に記載のバイオマーカー。
- 前記バイオマーカーの量の増加が、被験体の尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の上昇を示す、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカー。
- 前記バイオマーカーの量の低下が、被験体の尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の低下を示す、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカー。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定を補助する方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の重症度の判定のためのデータを収集する方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測を補助する方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、被験体における尋常性ざ瘡の発生可能性又は重症化可能性の予測のためのデータを収集する方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、皮膚細菌叢改善物質又は皮膚細菌叢改善組成物のスクリーニング方法。
- 被験体に被験物質又は被験組成物を投与する前及び投与した後に採取した被験体由来のサンプル中の、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーの量を測定することを含む、皮膚細菌叢改善物質又は皮膚細菌叢改善組成物のスクリーニング方法。
- 被験体由来のサンプル中の請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーを測定することを含む、尋常性ざ瘡の治療、改善、緩和又は予防のための物質又は組成物のスクリーニング方法。
- 被験体に被験物質又は被験組成物を投与する前及び投与した後に採取した被験体由来のサンプル中の、請求項1又は2に記載のバイオマーカーの量を測定することを含む、尋常性ざ瘡の治療、改善、緩和又は予防のための物質又は組成物のスクリーニング方法。
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