WO2024095119A1 - Novel herbicidal composition - Google Patents

Novel herbicidal composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024095119A1
WO2024095119A1 PCT/IB2023/060874 IB2023060874W WO2024095119A1 WO 2024095119 A1 WO2024095119 A1 WO 2024095119A1 IB 2023060874 W IB2023060874 W IB 2023060874W WO 2024095119 A1 WO2024095119 A1 WO 2024095119A1
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Prior art keywords
composition
present
sodium
salt
range
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PCT/IB2023/060874
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French (fr)
Inventor
Aminul Islam
Balram BHAVANI
Kiran Pawar
Rajul EDOLIYA
Rajan Kumar TRIVEDI
Sanket PATIL
Sanjay Kumar
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Coromandel International Limited
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Publication of WO2024095119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024095119A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
    • A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel herbicidal composition.
  • the present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising Propanil, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, Bispyribac sodium in synergistically effective amounts.
  • the present invention relates to a wettable powder composition
  • a wettable powder composition comprising Propanil, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, Bispyribac sodium and other agrochemical additives in effective amounts, and process for the preparation thereof.
  • Herbicides, or chemical weed killers have largely replaced mechanical methods of weed control in countries where intensive and highly mechanized agriculture is practiced. They provide a more effective and economical means of weed control than cultivation, hoeing, and hand pulling. Together with fertilizers, other pesticides, and improved plant varieties, they have made an important contribution to the increased yields we now have and serve to combat rising costs and shortages of agricultural labor.
  • selectivity refers to the capacity of an herbicide, when applied at the proper dosage and time, to be active only against certain species of plants but not against others. But selectivity can also be achieved by placement, as when a nonselective herbicide is applied such that it reaches the weeds but not the crop.
  • Burn down i.e., the complete removal of weeds from the soil by application of herbicides prior to planting or emergence of a crop, is an important tool of modern weed management. Weeds present at planting will generally grow much quicker than crop plants and thus compete very early in the growing season thereby damaging the crop plants and reducing crop yield. Thus, it is desirable to plant the crop in a weed-free seed bed or to assure that essentially no weeds are present when the crop emerges.
  • compositions comprising a single herbicidally active component suffer from numerous drawbacks such as formation of resistant weeds, requirement of high amount and concentration of the active ingredient, environmental damage, seepage of the active component into ground water, phytotoxicity and harmful effects on the health of animals and humans.
  • Active compounds having different mechanisms of action are combined to delay the generation of resistance and reduce the amount of application and prevention and treatment costs. Consequently, research is being conducted to produce herbicides and combinations of herbicides that are safer, that have better performance, that require lower dosages, that are easier to use, and that cost less.
  • the synergistic herbicidal composition of the present invention can control a wide range of undesired plants emerging in agricultural fields or non-agricultural fields. It has a remarkable herbicidal activity when a composition comprising propanil, 2,4- dichloro phenoxy acetic acid and bispyribac sodium, are used in combination.
  • Propanil is a highly selective postemergence herbicide that is used extensively to control barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and jungle rice (Echinochloa colona) in several crops, especially rice.
  • Propanil belongs to the class of anilides and is a photosynthetic inhibitor that inhibits the photosystem II (PS II) in chloroplasts.
  • Propanil is chemically known as N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) propionamide and has the following chemical structure.
  • 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4-D is a chloro phenoxy herbicide, a widely used herbicide that controls broadleaf weeds. It is used in many places including turf, lawns, rights- of- way, aquatic sites, forestry sites, and a variety of field, fruit, and vegetable crops. It may also be used to regulate the growth of citrus plants.
  • the structure of 2,4-D is as follows.
  • Bisp yribac- sodium is a new post-emergence pyrimidinyl carboxy herbicide for the control of a wide range of weeds, in specifically on Echinochloa crus-galli. Its mode of action consists of the inhibition of the branched amino acid biosynthesis and presents a good eco-toxicology profile.
  • Bisp yribac- sodium is chemically known as sodium-2,6-bis [(4,6-dimethoxy-2- pyrimidinyl) oxy] benzoate. It has the following chemical structure.
  • formulation of the three active components propanil, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and bispyribac sodium has its own benefits such as it has lower application rate that not only reduces the amount of an active substance required for application, but as a rule, also reduces the amount of formulation auxiliaries required. Both reduce the economic outlay and improve the eco-friendliness of the herbicide treatment.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a novel herbicidal composition.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal composition
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising propanil, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or its salt, and bispyribac sodium with suitable agrochemical additives in effective amounts.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the synergistic herbicidal composition of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salt and bispyribac sodium.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth, which comprises applying a herbicidally effective amount of the said novel composition to the undesired plants or to a place where they grow.
  • the present invention provides a novel herbicidal composition.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) propanil, b) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, c) bispyribac sodium with suitable agrochemical additives.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d or its salt in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
  • the salt of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) is selected from amine salt, sodium salt or diethyl ether salt.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a wettable powder composition
  • a wettable powder composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d amine in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
  • the suitable agrochemical additives are selected from a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a defoamer, anti-caking agent, cofiller, and a filler.
  • the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of an anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
  • the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate present in a range from 1% to 15% (w/w).
  • the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, present in a range from 0.1% to 1.5% (w/w).
  • the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% (w/w).
  • the co-filler is selected from the group comprising lactose monohydrate, ammonium sulphate, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
  • the filler is aluminum silicate (china clay), present in Q.S.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a wettable powder composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-D amine, and bispyribac sodium, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a) Weighing the filler, a wetting agent, dispersing agent, an anticaking agent, a cofiller, propanil, 2,4-D amine, bispyribac sodium and a defoamer in a pre-blender and mixing it for 1 hour, b) Milling the sample through air jet mill instrument at inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm and checking for the particle size ⁇ 15 micron, c) Collecting the milled material, and post blending the sample for 1 hour, d) Sending the sample to the quality analysis, and e) Packing the formulated material in a suitable package.
  • in yet another aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of synergistic herbicidal composition
  • synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salts and bispyribac sodium, with one or more agricultural additives.
  • the final formulation is collected and utilized for further use.
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salts and bispyribac sodium, formulation with an improved stability and ready to use herbicidal composition, having superior bio-efficacy compared to the individual formulations.
  • in yet another aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth, which comprises applying a herbicidally effective amount of the said novel composition to the undesired plants or to a place where they grow.
  • the present invention relates to novel herbicidal composition with synergistic activity.
  • the composition contains three active ingredients that mutually complement each other when used together and exhibit activity that is greater than the activities of individual components when used alone.
  • composition of the present invention decreases application rates of each of the active ingredients and is non-phyto toxic. Thus, it is effective to reduce the environmental load on an area where the composition is applied or a surrounding area thereof. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • crops and “vegetation” can include, for instance, dormant seeds, germinant seeds, emerging seedlings, plants emerging from vegetative propagules, immature vegetation, and established vegetation.
  • immature vegetation may be understood to include small vegetative plants prior to reproductive stage, and mature vegetation may be understood to include vegetative plants during and after the reproductive stage.
  • herbicide may be understood as a substance that is toxic to plants, used to destroy unwanted vegetation.
  • the term “synergistic composition” may be understood to include effective combination of more than one agrochemical that allows the application of the said agrochemical in a much lower dosage, which results in a less dosage treatment for the crops.
  • agrochemical additives may be understood to include a range of surfactants, dispersing agents, organic or inorganic pigments, solvents, desolvents, defoamers, and emulsions, crystallization inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, antioxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing aids, neutralizers or pH adjusting substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, absorption enhancers, micronutrients, plasticizers, lubricants, thickeners, anti-freezing agents, sterilization agents among others.
  • the herbicidal composition of the present invention may be formulated as Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG), Emulsion water in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion oil-in-water (EW), Flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granules (GR), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil-dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Oil dispersible powder (OP), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspension concentrate for direct application (SD), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Spreading oil (SO), Water soluble powder (SP), Water soluble tablet (ST), Ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension, Tablet (TB), Ultra-low volume (UL
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides a novel herbicidal composition.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) Propanil, b) 2,4-Dichloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4-D) or its salts, c) Bispyribac Sodium with suitable agrochemical additives.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition
  • a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d or its salt in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
  • the salt of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) is selected from amine salt, sodium salt or diethyl ether salt.
  • a wettable powder composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d amine in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
  • the suitable agrochemical additives are selected from a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a defoamer, anti-caking agent, cofiller, and a filler.
  • the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of an anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
  • the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate present in a range from 1% to 15% (w/w).
  • the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, present in a range from 0.1% to 1.5% (w/w).
  • the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% (w/w).
  • the co-filler is selected from the group comprising lactose monohydrate, ammonium sulphate, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
  • the filler is aluminum silicate (china clay), present in Q.S.
  • a process for the preparation of a wettable powder composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-D amine, and bispyribac sodium, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a) Weighing the filler, a wetting agent, dispersing agent, an anticaking agent, a cofiller, propanil, 2,4-D amine, bispyribac sodium and a defoamer in a pre-blender and mixing it for 1 hour, b) Milling the sample through air jet mill instrument at inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm and checking for the particle size ⁇ 15 micron, c) Collecting the milled material, and post blending the sample for 1 hour, d) Sending the sample to the quality analysis, and e) Packing the formulated material in a suitable package.
  • composition of the present invention and method provided may be utilized to control weeds or battle undesired vegetation in crops or other settings, including but not limited to cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, corn/maize, rice, sorghum, triticale and related crops; fruit, such as pomes, stone fruit and soft fruit, for example apples, grapes, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, and berries, for example strawberries, raspberries and blackberries; leguminous plants, for examples beans, lentils, peas, soybeans, peanut; oil plants, for example rape, mustard, and sunflower; cucurbitaceae, for example marrows, cucumbers, melons; fiber plants, for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute; citrus fruit, for example oranges, lemons, grapefruit and mandarins; vegetable, for example spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, paparika; as well as ornamentals, such as flowers, shrubs, broadle
  • the undesirable vegetation includes species from the families of broadleaved and grass weeds, more preferably from the families of Aeschynomene, Ageratum, Amaranthus, Bidens, Brachiaria, Cenchrus, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eclipta, Eleusine, Eragrostis Fimbristylis, Galinsoga, Ischaemum, Leptochloa, Monochoria, Panicum, Paspalum, Polygonum, Portulaca, Richardia, Sesbania, Setaria, Sida, Sorghum, most preferably Echinochloa, Leptochloa, Ischaemum, Monochoria, and Cyperus, or combinations thereof. It has been surprisingly found that the novel herbicidal composition of the present invention delays the appearance of the resistant strains of weeds and achieves effective and economical control of undesired weeds.
  • the composition achieves improved biological activity by enhancing overall control of weeds over a shorter period. Additional benefits of using the herbicidal composition of the present invention includes reduced risk of occupational hazard, lower cost of application, better cost: benefit ratio to the end user, reduced fuel, and labor cost, saving in applicator’s time and loss caused by mechanical damage to the crop and soil.
  • compositions can be applied to the undesirable vegetation and/or weeds or their locus using conventional ground or aerial dusters, sprayers, and granule applicators, by addition to irrigation or paddy water, and by other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.
  • Example- 1 The illustrative embodiments show the composition of propanil + 2,4-D amine + bispyribac sodium in wettable powder form in different amount as follows:
  • Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 50.0 gm of propanil, 25.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 1.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 10.0 gm of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.5 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 ⁇ 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
  • Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 40.0 gm of propanil, 30.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 2.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 10.0 gm of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.1 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, 5.0 gm of lactose monohydrate, 5.0 gm of ammonium sulphate, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour.
  • the mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm 2 , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm 2 ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 ⁇ 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
  • Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 45.0 gm of propanil, 20.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 0.5 gm of bispyribac sodium, 8.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 12.0 gm of sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, 1.0 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 ⁇ 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
  • Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 55.0 gm of propanil, 15.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 5.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 5.0 gm of salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, 1.5 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour.
  • aluminum silicate china clay
  • the mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 ⁇ 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
  • Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 60.0 gm of propanil, 20.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 3.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 8.0 gm of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, 5.0 gm of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 0.1 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, 0.5 gm of silicon dioxide, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 ⁇ 15 microns).
  • Example 2 Efficacy study of propanil 50% + 2,4-D amine 25% + bispyribac sodium 1 % in wettable powder (WP) form:
  • Propanil belongs to chemical family “Amides” with mode of action PS -II inhibitors (inhibition of Photosystem II)
  • Bispyribac sodium belongs to chemical family “Pyrimidinyl benzoates” having ALS (inhibition of acetolactate synthase) mode of action
  • 2,4-D Salt belongs to chemical family Phenoxy-carboxylates with “Synthetic auxin” mode of action.
  • the combination has the potential of controlling the crossspectrum weeds (broad leaf weeds, grassy weeds, and sedges) in rice. All three molecules are safe to transplant & direct seeded rice when applied in post-emergence (15-20 days after transplanting) application timing.
  • weed control activity of the individual herbicides of the invention and their combinations were evaluated on weeds such as Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa crusgalli, Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora & Eclipta alba.
  • Trials were conducted with randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 6m. Each trial was replicated four times and conducted under GEP guidelines. Spraying was done with manual operated backpack knapsack sprayer with 400 L of water spray volume per hectare at post-emergence (15-20 days after transplanting) application timing. Such field trials were carried out at various locations to generate independent data, the locations were chosen randomly across India. Visual observations were recorded on percent weed control for individual weeds on whole plot basis at 21 days after application. These observations are to be taken from the entire plot.
  • A observed efficacy of active ingredient A at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
  • Table 6 Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The field trials were carried out in India at various locations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 30 days of application. The target weeds were Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis and the results are recorded in the below table.
  • Table 7 Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 21 days of application.
  • the target weeds were Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa colonum and Leptochloa chinensis. The results are recorded in the below table.
  • Table 8 Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The field trials were carried out in India at various locations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 21 days of application. The target weeds were Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora and Eclipta alba. The results are recorded in the below table.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel herbicidal composition. Particularly the present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising Propanil, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid or its salt, Bispyribac sodium in synergistically effective amounts.

Description

NOVEL HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel herbicidal composition. Particularly the present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising Propanil, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, Bispyribac sodium in synergistically effective amounts.
More particularly the present invention relates to a wettable powder composition comprising Propanil, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, Bispyribac sodium and other agrochemical additives in effective amounts, and process for the preparation thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Herbicides, or chemical weed killers, have largely replaced mechanical methods of weed control in countries where intensive and highly mechanized agriculture is practiced. They provide a more effective and economical means of weed control than cultivation, hoeing, and hand pulling. Together with fertilizers, other pesticides, and improved plant varieties, they have made an important contribution to the increased yields we now have and serve to combat rising costs and shortages of agricultural labor.
They are classed as selective when they are used to kill weeds without harming the crop and as nonselective when the purpose is to kill all vegetation. Both selective and nonselective materials can be applied to weed foliage or to soil containing weed seeds and seedlings, depending on the mode of action, and intended use pattern. The term true selectivity refers to the capacity of an herbicide, when applied at the proper dosage and time, to be active only against certain species of plants but not against others. But selectivity can also be achieved by placement, as when a nonselective herbicide is applied such that it reaches the weeds but not the crop.
Burn down, i.e., the complete removal of weeds from the soil by application of herbicides prior to planting or emergence of a crop, is an important tool of modern weed management. Weeds present at planting will generally grow much quicker than crop plants and thus compete very early in the growing season thereby damaging the crop plants and reducing crop yield. Thus, it is desirable to plant the crop in a weed-free seed bed or to assure that essentially no weeds are present when the crop emerges.
At present, many herbicidal compositions have been developed and used, but there are a variety of types of undesired plants represented by weeds to be controlled. Further, undesired plants having lowered sensitivity to herbicides (herbicide-resistant weeds) emerged, and in some applications, practically, herbicides have only insufficient effects. Hence, there is always a need for new active ingredients or new combinations of existing active ingredients to overcome the existing problems faced in the agricultural industry.
Compositions comprising a single herbicidally active component suffer from numerous drawbacks such as formation of resistant weeds, requirement of high amount and concentration of the active ingredient, environmental damage, seepage of the active component into ground water, phytotoxicity and harmful effects on the health of animals and humans.
Active compounds having different mechanisms of action are combined to delay the generation of resistance and reduce the amount of application and prevention and treatment costs. Consequently, research is being conducted to produce herbicides and combinations of herbicides that are safer, that have better performance, that require lower dosages, that are easier to use, and that cost less.
The synergistic herbicidal composition of the present invention can control a wide range of undesired plants emerging in agricultural fields or non-agricultural fields. It has a remarkable herbicidal activity when a composition comprising propanil, 2,4- dichloro phenoxy acetic acid and bispyribac sodium, are used in combination. Propanil is a highly selective postemergence herbicide that is used extensively to control barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and jungle rice (Echinochloa colona) in several crops, especially rice. Propanil belongs to the class of anilides and is a photosynthetic inhibitor that inhibits the photosystem II (PS II) in chloroplasts.
Propanil is chemically known as N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) propionamide and has the following chemical structure.
Figure imgf000004_0001
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4-D is a chloro phenoxy herbicide, a widely used herbicide that controls broadleaf weeds. It is used in many places including turf, lawns, rights- of- way, aquatic sites, forestry sites, and a variety of field, fruit, and vegetable crops. It may also be used to regulate the growth of citrus plants. The structure of 2,4-D is as follows.
Figure imgf000004_0002
Bisp yribac- sodium is a new post-emergence pyrimidinyl carboxy herbicide for the control of a wide range of weeds, in specifically on Echinochloa crus-galli. Its mode of action consists of the inhibition of the branched amino acid biosynthesis and presents a good eco-toxicology profile.
Bisp yribac- sodium is chemically known as sodium-2,6-bis [(4,6-dimethoxy-2- pyrimidinyl) oxy] benzoate. It has the following chemical structure.
Figure imgf000005_0001
The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that formulation of the three active components propanil, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and bispyribac sodium, has its own benefits such as it has lower application rate that not only reduces the amount of an active substance required for application, but as a rule, also reduces the amount of formulation auxiliaries required. Both reduce the economic outlay and improve the eco-friendliness of the herbicide treatment.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to provide a novel herbicidal composition.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising propanil, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or its salt, and bispyribac sodium with suitable agrochemical additives in effective amounts.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the synergistic herbicidal composition of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salt and bispyribac sodium.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth, which comprises applying a herbicidally effective amount of the said novel composition to the undesired plants or to a place where they grow. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a novel herbicidal composition.
One aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) propanil, b) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) or its salt, c) bispyribac sodium with suitable agrochemical additives.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d or its salt in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
Another aspect of the present invention, the salt of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) is selected from amine salt, sodium salt or diethyl ether salt.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a wettable powder composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d amine in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
In an aspect of the present invention, the suitable agrochemical additives are selected from a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a defoamer, anti-caking agent, cofiller, and a filler.
In an aspect of the present invention, the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of an anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
In an aspect of the present invention, the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate present in a range from 1% to 15% (w/w).
In an aspect of the present invention, the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, present in a range from 0.1% to 1.5% (w/w).
In an aspect of the present invention, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% (w/w).
In an aspect of the present invention, the co-filler is selected from the group comprising lactose monohydrate, ammonium sulphate, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
In an aspect of the present invention, the filler is aluminum silicate (china clay), present in Q.S.
Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a wettable powder composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-D amine, and bispyribac sodium, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a) Weighing the filler, a wetting agent, dispersing agent, an anticaking agent, a cofiller, propanil, 2,4-D amine, bispyribac sodium and a defoamer in a pre-blender and mixing it for 1 hour, b) Milling the sample through air jet mill instrument at inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm and checking for the particle size < 15 micron, c) Collecting the milled material, and post blending the sample for 1 hour, d) Sending the sample to the quality analysis, and e) Packing the formulated material in a suitable package.
In yet another aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salts and bispyribac sodium, with one or more agricultural additives. The final formulation is collected and utilized for further use.
In yet another aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or its salts and bispyribac sodium, formulation with an improved stability and ready to use herbicidal composition, having superior bio-efficacy compared to the individual formulations.
In yet another aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth, which comprises applying a herbicidally effective amount of the said novel composition to the undesired plants or to a place where they grow.
The present invention relates to novel herbicidal composition with synergistic activity. The composition contains three active ingredients that mutually complement each other when used together and exhibit activity that is greater than the activities of individual components when used alone.
The composition of the present invention decreases application rates of each of the active ingredients and is non-phyto toxic. Thus, it is effective to reduce the environmental load on an area where the composition is applied or a surrounding area thereof. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following detailed description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. For purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the invention. Descriptions of specific applications are provided only as representative examples. The present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest possible scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
Similarly, the words "comprise," "comprises," and "comprising" are to be interpreted inclusively rather than exclusively. Likewise, the terms "include," "including" and "or" should all be construed to be inclusive, unless such a construction is clearly prohibited from the context. However, the embodiments provided by the present disclosure may lack any element that is not specifically disclosed herein. Thus, a disclosure of an embodiment defined using the term "comprising" is also a disclosure of embodiments "consisting essentially of’ and "consisting of’ the disclosed components. Where used herein, the term "example," particularly when followed by a listing of terms, is merely exemplary and illustrative, and should not be deemed to be exclusive or comprehensive. Any embodiment disclosed herein can be combined with any other embodiment disclosed herein unless explicitly indicated otherwise.
It is to be noted that, as used in the specification, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing “a compound” includes a mixture of two or more compounds. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
As used herein, the terms "crops" and "vegetation" can include, for instance, dormant seeds, germinant seeds, emerging seedlings, plants emerging from vegetative propagules, immature vegetation, and established vegetation. As used herein, immature vegetation may be understood to include small vegetative plants prior to reproductive stage, and mature vegetation may be understood to include vegetative plants during and after the reproductive stage.
As used herein, the terms “herbicide” may be understood as a substance that is toxic to plants, used to destroy unwanted vegetation.
As used herein, the term “synergistic composition” may be understood to include effective combination of more than one agrochemical that allows the application of the said agrochemical in a much lower dosage, which results in a less dosage treatment for the crops.
As used herein, the term “agrochemical additives” may be understood to include a range of surfactants, dispersing agents, organic or inorganic pigments, solvents, desolvents, defoamers, and emulsions, crystallization inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, antioxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing aids, neutralizers or pH adjusting substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, absorption enhancers, micronutrients, plasticizers, lubricants, thickeners, anti-freezing agents, sterilization agents among others.
The herbicidal composition of the present invention may be formulated as Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Dustable powder (DP), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsifiable granule (EG), Emulsion water in-oil (EO), Emulsifiable powder (EP), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion oil-in-water (EW), Flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granules (GR), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil-dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Oil dispersible powder (OP), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspension concentrate for direct application (SD), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Spreading oil (SO), Water soluble powder (SP), Water soluble tablet (ST), Ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension, Tablet (TB), Ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid, Water dispersible granules (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), Water dispersible tablet (WT), a mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), a mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), a mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW) among others. Preferably, the composition of the present invention is formulated as wettable powder (WP).
One embodiment of the present invention provides a novel herbicidal composition.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of a) Propanil, b) 2,4-Dichloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4-D) or its salts, c) Bispyribac Sodium with suitable agrochemical additives.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d or its salt in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the salt of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) is selected from amine salt, sodium salt or diethyl ether salt.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a wettable powder composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d amine in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium present in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Agrochemical additives. According to the present invention, the suitable agrochemical additives are selected from a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a defoamer, anti-caking agent, cofiller, and a filler.
According to the present invention, the wetting agent is selected from the group comprising of an anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
According to the present invention, the dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising of sodium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate present in a range from 1% to 15% (w/w).
According to the present invention, the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, present in a range from 0.1% to 1.5% (w/w).
According to the present invention, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% (w/w).
According to the present invention, the co-filler is selected from the group comprising lactose monohydrate, ammonium sulphate, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
According to the present invention, the filler is aluminum silicate (china clay), present in Q.S.
In another embodiment of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a wettable powder composition comprising of propanil, 2,4-D amine, and bispyribac sodium, wherein the process comprises the following steps: a) Weighing the filler, a wetting agent, dispersing agent, an anticaking agent, a cofiller, propanil, 2,4-D amine, bispyribac sodium and a defoamer in a pre-blender and mixing it for 1 hour, b) Milling the sample through air jet mill instrument at inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm and checking for the particle size < 15 micron, c) Collecting the milled material, and post blending the sample for 1 hour, d) Sending the sample to the quality analysis, and e) Packing the formulated material in a suitable package.
The composition of the present invention and method provided may be utilized to control weeds or battle undesired vegetation in crops or other settings, including but not limited to cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, corn/maize, rice, sorghum, triticale and related crops; fruit, such as pomes, stone fruit and soft fruit, for example apples, grapes, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, and berries, for example strawberries, raspberries and blackberries; leguminous plants, for examples beans, lentils, peas, soybeans, peanut; oil plants, for example rape, mustard, and sunflower; cucurbitaceae, for example marrows, cucumbers, melons; fiber plants, for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute; citrus fruit, for example oranges, lemons, grapefruit and mandarins; vegetable, for example spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, paparika; as well as ornamentals, such as flowers, shrubs, broadleaved trees and evergreens, for example conifers, pastures, grasslands, rangelands, fallow and, turf, tree and vine orchards, and industrial vegetation management. Preferably, the undesirable vegetation includes species from the families of broadleaved and grass weeds, more preferably from the families of Aeschynomene, Ageratum, Amaranthus, Bidens, Brachiaria, Cenchrus, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eclipta, Eleusine, Eragrostis Fimbristylis, Galinsoga, Ischaemum, Leptochloa, Monochoria, Panicum, Paspalum, Polygonum, Portulaca, Richardia, Sesbania, Setaria, Sida, Sorghum, most preferably Echinochloa, Leptochloa, Ischaemum, Monochoria, and Cyperus, or combinations thereof. It has been surprisingly found that the novel herbicidal composition of the present invention delays the appearance of the resistant strains of weeds and achieves effective and economical control of undesired weeds.
The composition achieves improved biological activity by enhancing overall control of weeds over a shorter period. Additional benefits of using the herbicidal composition of the present invention includes reduced risk of occupational hazard, lower cost of application, better cost: benefit ratio to the end user, reduced fuel, and labor cost, saving in applicator’s time and loss caused by mechanical damage to the crop and soil.
The present compositions can be applied to the undesirable vegetation and/or weeds or their locus using conventional ground or aerial dusters, sprayers, and granule applicators, by addition to irrigation or paddy water, and by other conventional means known to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are provided merely to be exemplary of the inventions and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
EXAMPLES:
Example- 1: The illustrative embodiments show the composition of propanil + 2,4-D amine + bispyribac sodium in wettable powder form in different amount as follows:
Table- 1: Propanil 50% + 2,4-D amine 25% + Bispyribac sodium 1% (WP)
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000015_0001
Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 50.0 gm of propanil, 25.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 1.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 10.0 gm of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.5 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
Table-2: Propanil 40% + 2,4-D amine 30% + Bispyribac sodium 2% (WP)
Figure imgf000015_0002
Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 40.0 gm of propanil, 30.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 2.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 10.0 gm of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.1 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, 5.0 gm of lactose monohydrate, 5.0 gm of ammonium sulphate, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm2, grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm2) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
Table-3: Propanil 45% + 2,4-D amine 20% + Bispy ribac sodium 0.5% (WP)
Figure imgf000016_0001
Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 45.0 gm of propanil, 20.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 0.5 gm of bispyribac sodium, 8.0 gm of anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 12.0 gm of sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, 1.0 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
Table-4: Propanil 55% + 2,4-D amine 15% + Bispyribac sodium 5% (WP)
Figure imgf000016_0002
Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 55.0 gm of propanil, 15.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 5.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 5.0 gm of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 5.0 gm of salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, 1.5 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package.
Table-5: Propanil 60% + 2,4-D amine 20% + Bispyribac sodium 3% (WP)
Figure imgf000017_0001
Process for manufacture of composition is as follows: 60.0 gm of propanil, 20.0 gm of 2,4-D amine, 3.0 gm of bispyribac sodium, 8.0 gm of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, 5.0 gm of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 0.1 gm of polydimethylsiloxane, 0.5 gm of silicon dioxide, and required quantity of aluminum silicate (china clay) were weighed in the pre-blender reactor and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture was milled through air jet mill instrument (Inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm ) to obtain the desired particle size (D90 < 15 microns). Collecting the milled material and post blending the material for 1 hour followed by packing the material in a suitable package. Example 2: Efficacy study of propanil 50% + 2,4-D amine 25% + bispyribac sodium 1 % in wettable powder (WP) form:
SYNERGY STUDIES:
Weeds were reported to reduce rice yields by 12 to 98%, depending on type method of rice establishment. Rice yield losses due to uncontrolled weed growth and weed competition were least (12%) in transplanted rice and highest in aerobic direct- seeded rice. Traditionally, weed control in India has been largely dependent on manual weeding. However, increased labour scarcity and costs are encouraging farmers to adopt herbicides.
Field studies were conducted to compare the weed controlling activity of the combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium. The active ingredient, Propanil belongs to chemical family “Amides” with mode of action PS -II inhibitors (inhibition of Photosystem II), Bispyribac sodium belongs to chemical family “Pyrimidinyl benzoates” having ALS (inhibition of acetolactate synthase) mode of action and 2,4-D Salt belongs to chemical family Phenoxy-carboxylates with “Synthetic auxin” mode of action. The combination has the potential of controlling the crossspectrum weeds (broad leaf weeds, grassy weeds, and sedges) in rice. All three molecules are safe to transplant & direct seeded rice when applied in post-emergence (15-20 days after transplanting) application timing.
The weed control activity of the individual herbicides of the invention and their combinations were evaluated on weeds such as Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa crusgalli, Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora & Eclipta alba. Trials were conducted with randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 6m. Each trial was replicated four times and conducted under GEP guidelines. Spraying was done with manual operated backpack knapsack sprayer with 400 L of water spray volume per hectare at post-emergence (15-20 days after transplanting) application timing. Such field trials were carried out at various locations to generate independent data, the locations were chosen randomly across India. Visual observations were recorded on percent weed control for individual weeds on whole plot basis at 21 days after application. These observations are to be taken from the entire plot.
Appropriate analysis of plant response to herbicide combination is critical in determining the type of activity observed. The most widely used model is the one Gowing* derived and Colby** modified. Gowing described a mathematical formula for calculating the predicting response values for pesticide mixtures. He suggested the two formulae’s for determining the synergy between 2-way and 3-way combinations, *(Jerry Flint et al, 1988) ***
Three-way combination:
(AB + AC + BC) ABC
Expected (E) = A + B + C - - + -
100 10000
Where,
A = observed efficacy of active ingredient A at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
B = observed efficacy of active ingredient B at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
C = observed efficacy of active ingredient C at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
2-wav combination:
If Al = the percent inhibition of growth by herbicide A at given rate
B 1 = the percent inhibition of growth by herbicide B at given rate then, Bl (100 - Al) E = Al + -
100
Where, A = observed efficacy of active ingredient A at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
B = observed efficacy of active ingredient B at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
C = observed efficacy of active ingredient C at the same concentration as used in the mixture.
When the percentage of pesticidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect. (Ratio of O/E > 1, means synergism observed.)
Reference:
*Gowing, D. P. 1960. Comments on tests of herbicide mixtures. Weeds 8:379-391.
**Colby, S. R. 1967. Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations. Weeds 15:20-22
*** Jerry Flint et al, 1988. Analyzing Herbicide Interactions: A Statistical Treatment of Colby's Method. Weed Technology 2: 304-309
The herbicide combinations, application rates, plant species tested, and results are given in the following tables:
Table 6: Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The field trials were carried out in India at various locations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 30 days of application. The target weeds were Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis and the results are recorded in the below table.
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
DF - Dry flowable; SC - Suspension concentrate; SL- Soluble liquid; WP - Wettable Powder; FS - flowable suspension; and DAA - Days after application.
The results in table 6 clearly demonstrate synergy between a three-way combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium against weeds like Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis. The higher ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy clearly demonstrates the synergistic effect of the combination. However, all two-way combinations showed lower ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy, which clearly showed no synergistic effect of the combination against weeds like Cyperus iria and Cyperus difformis.
Table 7: Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 21 days of application. The target weeds were Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa colonum and Leptochloa chinensis. The results are recorded in the below table.
Figure imgf000021_0002
Figure imgf000022_0001
DF - Dry flowable; SC - Suspension concentrate; SL- Soluble liquid; WP - Wettable Powder; FS - flowable suspension; and DAA - Days after application.
The results in table 7 clearly demonstrate synergy between a three-way combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium against weeds like Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa colonum and Leptochloa chinensis. The higher ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy clearly demonstrates the synergistic effect of the combination. However, all two-way combinations showed lower ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy, which clearly showed no synergistic effect of the combination against weeds like, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa colonum and Leptochloa chinensis.
Table 8: Demonstrates synergy on weeds using the combination Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium with their two-way and three-way combinations. The field trials were carried out in India at various locations. The percentage efficacy was calculated after 21 days of application. The target weeds were Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora and Eclipta alba. The results are recorded in the below table.
Figure imgf000023_0001
Figure imgf000024_0001
DF - Dry flowable; SC - Suspension concentrate; SL- Soluble liquid; WP - Wettable Powder; FS - flowable suspension; and DAA - Days after application.
The results in table 8 clearly demonstrate synergy between a three-way combination of Propanil, 2,4-D amine & Bispyribac sodium against weeds like, Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora and Eclipta alba. The higher ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy clearly demonstrates the synergistic effect of the combination. However, all two-way combinations showed lower ratio of the observed and the expected efficacy, which clearly showed no synergistic effect of the combination against weeds like, Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia parviflora and Eclipta alba.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of (a) Propanil, (b) 2,4-D or its salt, and (c) Bispyribac sodium with suitable agrochemical additives.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salt of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) is selected from amine salt, sodium salt or diethyl ether salt.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated as wettable powder (WP) form.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition comprising of: a) Propanil in a range from 40% (w/w) to 60% (w/w), b) 2,4-d amine in a range from 10% (w/w) to 30% (w/w), c) Bispyribac sodium in a range from 0.5% (w/w) to 5% (w/w), and d) Suitable agrochemical additives.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the agrochemical additives are selected from a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a defoamer, an anti-caking agent, a co-filler, and a filler.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the wetting agent is selected from an anionic sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w).
7. The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from sodium lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, salt of phenol sulphonic acid condensation product, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate present in a range from 1% to 15% (w/w). The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane, present in a range from 0.1% to 1.5% (w/w). The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% (w/w), the co-filler is selected from the group comprising lactose monohydrate, ammonium sulphate, and combination thereof, present in a range from 1% to 10% (w/w), the filler is aluminum silicate (china clay), present in Q.S The process for preparation of a wettable powder composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the process comprising the steps of: a) Weighing the filler, a wetting agent, dispersing agent, an anticaking agent, a co-filler, propanil, 2,4-D amine, bispyribac sodium and a defoamer in a pre-blender and mixing it for 1 hour, b) Milling the sample through air jet mill instrument at inlet pressure 2-3 kg/cm , grinding pressure 6 kg/ cm and checking for the particle size < 15 micron, c) Collecting the milled material, and post blending the sample for 1 hour, d) Sending the sample to the quality analysis, and e) Packing the formulated material in a suitable package.
PCT/IB2023/060874 2022-11-04 2023-10-28 Novel herbicidal composition WO2024095119A1 (en)

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