WO2024093001A1 - 一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备 - Google Patents

一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024093001A1
WO2024093001A1 PCT/CN2022/143183 CN2022143183W WO2024093001A1 WO 2024093001 A1 WO2024093001 A1 WO 2024093001A1 CN 2022143183 W CN2022143183 W CN 2022143183W WO 2024093001 A1 WO2024093001 A1 WO 2024093001A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end plate
fastener
battery module
battery
fastening assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/143183
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马亚强
Original Assignee
厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024093001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024093001A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/251—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for stationary devices, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, an energy storage device and an electrical device.
  • the cost of power generation is lower than the cost of energy storage, which limits the development of energy storage equipment.
  • the amount of electricity that can be provided by the power generation side exceeds the power demand of the user side. If there is a lack of a large amount of energy storage equipment to store the excess electricity, the excess electricity can only be thrown away; during peak power consumption, the power generation side cannot meet the power demand of the user side. If there is a lack of a large amount of energy storage equipment to assist the power generation side in supplying power to the user side, it will cause great pressure on the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to try to reduce the cost of energy storage.
  • the battery can be fixed by only using structural adhesive. Although this solution reduces the cost of energy storage, the batteries in the resulting battery module are not removable, and the subsequent maintenance cost is high and the maintenance is difficult.
  • the present application provides a battery module, an energy storage device and an electrical device.
  • the battery module simplifies the structural parts while ensuring the fixing effect of the battery, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module.
  • the present application provides a battery module, which comprises a plurality of batteries and a box, wherein the box is used to accommodate the plurality of batteries, and the box comprises: a first end plate, a second end plate, a first fastening assembly and a second fastening assembly; the second end plate is spaced apart from the first end plate; the plurality of batteries are arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate, each of the batteries having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, the first surface facing the first end plate, and the second surface facing the second end plate, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the battery; the first fastening assembly is arranged on the same side of the first end plate and the second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate can be detachably fixed respectively; the second fastening assembly is located on the other side of the first end plate and the second end plate away from the first fastening assembly, and the first end plate and the second end plate can be detachably fixed respectively.
  • the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly connect the first end plate and the second end plate to form a box body, and the box body is used to accommodate the multiple batteries.
  • the box body can have a certain limiting effect on the expansion of the batteries and has a good fixing effect on the multiple batteries.
  • the first fastening assembly can detachably fix the first end plate and the second end plate
  • the second fastening assembly can detachably fix the first end plate and the second end plate, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and disassembly, and reduces maintenance costs.
  • the battery module of the present application requires fewer structural parts, which reduces the weight of the battery module and reduces the production cost of the structural parts, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module.
  • first end plate has a plurality of first hollow portions arranged at intervals
  • second end plate has a plurality of second hollow portions arranged at intervals.
  • the multiple first hollow parts improve the heat dissipation effect of the first end plate
  • the multiple second hollow parts improve the heat dissipation effect of the second end plate, which is beneficial to dissipate the heat generated by the batteries in the battery module during operation.
  • the first hollow parts and the second hollow parts arranged at intervals act as reinforcing ribs, improving the strength of the first end plate and the strength of the second end plate.
  • the multiple first hollow parts are beneficial to reducing the weight of the first end plate
  • the multiple second hollow parts are beneficial to reducing the weight of the second end plate, thereby reducing the weight of the battery module, which is beneficial to achieving a lightweight design of the battery module.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions are arranged in an array or the first end plate is a honeycomb structure; the plurality of second hollow portions are arranged in an array or the second end plate is a honeycomb structure.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions arranged in an array are conducive to making the strength of the first end plate more uniform in all directions
  • the plurality of second hollow portions arranged in an array are conducive to making the strength of the second end plate more uniform in all directions, thereby improving the overall strength of the first end plate and the second end plate.
  • the first end plate and the second end plate are stronger, and the effect of fixing the batteries and limiting expansion is stronger.
  • At least one of the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly includes: a plurality of fasteners, and opposite ends of each of the fasteners can detachably fix the first end plate and the second end plate respectively.
  • the multiple fasteners are conducive to better connecting the first end plate and the second end plate, improving the connection stability, and can better confine the multiple batteries in the box.
  • the battery module of the present application requires fewer structural parts, which reduces the weight of the battery module and reduces the production cost of the structural parts, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module.
  • the connection between the multiple fasteners and the first end plate and the second end plate is detachable and fixed, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and disassembly, reducing maintenance costs.
  • the plurality of fasteners are arranged in sequence and at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is an extension direction of the first end plate or an extension direction of the second end plate.
  • the multiple fasteners are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the long side direction of the first end plate or the long side direction of the second end plate.
  • the assembly method of the multiple fasteners is simple and easy to disassemble, thereby reducing the assembly cost and maintenance cost of the battery module.
  • the length of the first end plate or the second end plate along the third direction is L1
  • the distance between any two adjacent fasteners is L2 satisfying 0.9L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.1L1
  • the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction
  • the third direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first end plate or the thickness direction of the second end plate.
  • the distance L2 between any two adjacent fasteners satisfies 0.9L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.1L1
  • the distance L2 between two adjacent fasteners arranged in sequence along the second direction is within a reasonable range.
  • the distance between the adjacent fasteners is too large, which weakens the fixing effect of the box body on the battery and reduces the overall stability of the battery module; when the value of the distance L2 between any two adjacent fasteners is less than 0.9L1, the distance between the adjacent fasteners is too small, which can further strengthen the fixing effect on the battery, but increases the production cost and process cost.
  • each of the fasteners includes a first fixing portion, a connecting portion and a second fixing portion which are bent and connected in sequence, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are located on the same side of the connecting portion; the first fixing portion can be removably fixed to the first end plate, and the second fixing portion can be removably fixed to the second end plate.
  • the fastener In the fastener provided in the present application, the first fixing portion, the connecting portion and the second fixing portion are bent and connected in sequence to form a "U"-shaped structure. In other words, the fastener is in a "U"-shaped structure. With the U-shaped fastener, the fastener has a larger contact area with the first end plate and the second end plate. When the battery expands in volume during charging and discharging and generates a squeezing force on the box body, the pressure area of the pressing piece is larger, which is less likely to cause stress concentration, making the fastener less likely to break.
  • the first end plate has a third surface and a fourth surface connected by bending, the third surface is away from the battery, the fourth surface faces the fastener, and the first fixing portion has a first through hole;
  • the first end plate also has a first through hole and a first through slot connected, the first through hole penetrates the third surface, and the first through slot penetrates the fourth surface;
  • the first fixing portion is penetrated in the first through slot;
  • the battery module also includes a first locking member, the first locking member is sequentially penetrated in the first through hole and the first through hole, so as to removably fix the first fixing portion to the first end plate.
  • the second end plate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected by bending, the fifth surface is away from the battery, the sixth surface faces the fastener, and the second fixing portion has a second through hole;
  • the second end plate also has a second through hole and a second through slot connected, the second through hole penetrates the fifth surface, and the second through slot penetrates the sixth surface;
  • the second fixing portion is penetrated in the second through slot;
  • the battery module also includes a second locking member, the second locking member is sequentially penetrated in the second through hole and the second through hole, so as to removably fix the second fixing portion to the second end plate.
  • the fastener provided by the present application is in a "U"-shaped structure, wherein the first fixing portion is inserted into the first end plate through the first through slot and fixed to the first end plate through the first locking member; the second fixing portion is inserted into the second end plate through the second through slot and fixed to the second end plate through the second locking member.
  • the fastener of the present application is fixedly connected to the third surface of the first end plate and the fifth surface of the second end plate, and the first locking member can be arranged in the thickness direction of the first end plate with the help of the thickness of the first end plate, without occupying the height of the third surface side of the first end plate, nor the height of the fourth surface side of the first end plate; the second locking member can be arranged in the thickness direction of the second end plate with the help of the thickness of the second end plate, without occupying the height of the fifth surface side of the second end plate, nor the height of the sixth surface side, thereby saving more height space, facilitating the stacking of multiple battery modules, and improving the space utilization and stability of the battery module stacking.
  • the multiple fasteners of the first fastening assembly are bent and connected in sequence; and the multiple fasteners of the second fastening assembly are bent and connected in sequence.
  • the opposite ends of the fastener provided by the present application are fixed to the first end plate or the second end plate, and the connection between two adjacent fasteners is fixed to the first end plate or the second end plate by at least one of screws, bolts, screws and rivets.
  • the fasteners provided by the present application are bent and connected in sequence, and a plurality of triangles with higher stability are formed between the plurality of fasteners and the first end plate and the second end plate, thereby improving the connection strength between the fasteners and the first end plate and the second end plate, and then improving the stability of the box.
  • the box has a better effect of fixing and limiting the expansion of the plurality of batteries.
  • At least one of the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly includes a first fastener, a second fastener, a third fastener and a fourth fastener, and the first fastener, the second fastener, the third fastener and the fourth fastener are bent and connected in sequence to form an integrated structure.
  • a plurality of triangles with high stability are formed between the first fastener, the second fastener, the third fastener and the fourth fastener and the first end plate and the second end plate, thereby improving the connection strength between the fastener and the first end plate and the second end plate, and further improving the fastening and limiting effect of the box on the plurality of batteries.
  • the box body also includes a plurality of limit members, which are arranged along the extension direction of the fastener and are arranged between two adjacent batteries to space the two adjacent batteries apart; the plurality of limit members cooperate with the fastener to limit the position of the limit members.
  • the multiple limiting members cooperate with the fasteners to limit the positions of the batteries so that two adjacent batteries are spaced apart.
  • the fasteners abut against the limiting members to limit the positions of the limiting members, thereby improving the fixing and limiting effects on the batteries.
  • the plurality of limit members are arranged at intervals on the surface of the fastener facing the battery, and the plurality of limit members and the fastener are an integral structure; or, the limit member is clamped on the fastener to achieve a limiting fit between the limit member and the fastener.
  • the integral structure of the limiter and the fastener is conducive to strengthening the fixing effect on the battery.
  • the limiter and the fastener are separate structures, and the limiter is clamped on the fastener.
  • the limiter and the fastener are an integral structure, when the limiter and the fastener are separate structures, the assembly difficulty of the battery module is low, the assembly flexibility is higher, and the production difficulty of the fastener is low, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the battery module.
  • the battery module also includes a fireproof plate, which is arranged on a side of the first fastening component away from the plurality of batteries and is connected to the first fastener.
  • a fireproof plate is provided on the side of the first fastening assembly away from the plurality of batteries, so that when the battery module has thermal runaway, the fireproof plate can prevent the fire from spreading.
  • the fireproof plate can prevent the fire from spreading and affecting the normal operation of other battery modules, and the fireproof plate is conducive to improving the safety performance of the battery module.
  • the box body also includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate arranged back to back along a second direction, the first cover plate is respectively connected to the first end plate and the second end plate; the second cover plate is respectively connected to the first end plate and the second end plate, wherein the second direction is the extension direction of the first end plate or the second end plate.
  • the first end plate, the second end plate, the first fastening assembly, the second fastening assembly, the first cover plate and the second cover plate enclose the box body, and the box body is used to accommodate the multiple batteries, and has a fixing effect and a limiting expansion effect on the multiple batteries.
  • the first cover plate and the second end plate are conducive to limiting the movement of the multiple batteries in the second direction, which is conducive to further improving the fixing effect of the box body on the battery module and improving the stability of the battery module.
  • the present application also provides an energy storage device, which includes a plurality of battery modules provided by the present application, and the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected in series, parallel or mixed connection.
  • the energy storage device provided by the present application includes a plurality of battery modules provided by the present application, and the plurality of battery modules are detachably fixed to the first end plate and the second end plate by using the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly, and no more end plates are required to fix the battery, which reduces the weight of the battery module and the production cost of the battery module, and the battery module has a good fixing effect on the battery and high safety performance. Furthermore, the battery module in the energy storage device has a good fixing effect on the battery and high safety performance, and the battery module in the energy storage device has fewer structural parts, which is conducive to achieving lightweight of the energy storage device and reducing energy storage costs.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, which includes a device body and a battery module provided in the present application, and the battery module supplies power to the electrical device.
  • the electrical equipment provided in the present application is powered by the battery module provided in the present application.
  • the battery module has the advantages of being lightweight and low in cost, and the battery module has high safety performance, can provide a stable power supply for the electrical equipment, and reduce the production cost of the electrical equipment.
  • the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly connect the first end plate and the second end plate to form a box body, and the box body is used to accommodate the multiple batteries.
  • the box body can have a certain limiting effect on the expansion of the batteries and has a good fixing effect on the multiple batteries.
  • the first fastening assembly can detachably fix the first end plate and the second end plate
  • the second fastening assembly can detachably fix the first end plate and the second end plate, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and disassembly, and reduces maintenance costs.
  • the battery module of the present application requires fewer structural parts, which reduces the weight of the battery module and reduces the production cost of the structural parts, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of the battery module of the embodiment of FIG5 of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fastener according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is an enlarged view of the dotted frame A in FIG6 of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of the battery module of the embodiment of FIG9 of the present application.
  • FIG11 is an enlarged view of the dotted frame B in FIG10 of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of the battery module of the embodiment of FIG13 of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a fastener according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module of the embodiment of FIG17 of the present application.
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the cost of energy storage is higher than the cost of power generation, and it is necessary to try to reduce the cost of energy storage to meet the electricity demand on the user side.
  • multiple battery cells are assembled in a box to form a battery module.
  • the battery module includes a heat dissipation structure. The temperature of the heat dissipation structure is usually low. If the box is not completely sealed, condensation water will form on the metal parts in the battery module, which may easily cause a short circuit in the battery module. Therefore, the box used to carry the battery cells is usually closed. This makes the entire battery module have more internal parts and the production cost of the battery module is higher.
  • the battery cells are usually fixed with structural adhesive to reduce the cost of the battery module, but the battery cannot be disassembled after being fixed with structural adhesive, and the subsequent maintenance cost is high and the maintenance is difficult.
  • this embodiment provides a battery module 100
  • the battery module 100 includes a plurality of batteries 30 and a box 10
  • the box 10 is used to accommodate the plurality of batteries 30,
  • the box 10 includes: a first end plate 11, a second end plate 12, a first fastening assembly 14 and a second fastening assembly 15;
  • the second end plate 12 is spaced apart from the first end plate 11;
  • the plurality of batteries 30 are arranged between the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, each of the batteries 30 has a first surface arranged opposite to each other along a first direction (as shown by arrow X in FIG. 1 ).
  • the first surface 31 faces the first end plate 11, and the second surface 32 faces the second end plate 12, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the battery 30;
  • the first fastening component 14 is arranged on the same side of the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and can be detachably fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 respectively;
  • the second fastening component 15 is located on the other side of the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 away from the first fastening component 14, and can be detachably fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 respectively.
  • the first direction is the thickness direction of the battery 30 , wherein the thickness direction is the width direction of the shortest side of the battery 30 .
  • first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 connect the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and the first end plate 11, the second end plate 12, the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 enclose a box 10, and the box 10 is used to accommodate multiple batteries 30.
  • the multiple batteries 30 emit heat and expand during the charging and discharging process, the multiple batteries 30 will squeeze the box 10, and the box 10 has a fixing and limiting effect on the multiple batteries 30, so as to improve the stability of the battery module 100.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 can detachably fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and the detachable fixing method includes at least one of a threaded connection and a snap connection.
  • the detachable fixing facilitates subsequent maintenance and disassembly, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the battery module 100.
  • the second fastening assembly 15 can detachably fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and the detachable fixing method includes at least one of a threaded connection and a snap connection.
  • the detachable fixing facilitates subsequent maintenance and disassembly, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the battery module 100.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 cooperate with each other to fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, so that the structure of the box body 10 is more stable.
  • the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 when the plurality of batteries 30 emit heat and expand during the charging and discharging process, the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 have a larger area relative to other surfaces of the battery 30, and the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 are deformed to a greater extent.
  • the surface of the battery 30 is generally formed by a stretching process, and the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 have a smaller wall thickness relative to other surfaces of the battery 30.
  • the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 are deformed to a greater extent.
  • the first surface 31 faces the first end plate 11, and the second surface 32 faces the second end plate 12.
  • the first end plate 11 abuts against the first surface 31 of the plurality of batteries 30 that is closest to the first end plate 11, and the second end plate 12 abuts against the second surface 32 of the plurality of batteries 30 that is closest to the second end plate 12.
  • the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 limit the expansion of the battery 30 in the thickness direction, which is conducive to improving the fixing effect of the box 10 on the plurality of batteries 30.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 connect the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 to form a box body 10, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the multiple batteries 30.
  • the box body 10 can have a certain limiting effect on the expansion of the batteries 30 and has a good fixing effect on the multiple batteries 30.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 can detachably fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and the second fastening assembly 15 can detachably fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and disassembly, and reduces maintenance costs.
  • the battery module 100 of the present application requires fewer structural parts, which reduces the weight of the battery module 100 and reduces the production cost of the structural parts, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module 100.
  • each of the batteries 30 includes at least one explosion-proof valve 33, and the explosion-proof valve 33 is arranged at one end of the battery 30 close to the first fastening assembly 14, and the explosion-proof valve 33 is staggered with the first fastening assembly 14; or, the explosion-proof valve 33 is arranged at one end of the battery 30 close to the second fastening assembly 15, and the explosion-proof valve 33 is staggered with the second fastening assembly 15.
  • the explosion-proof valve 33 makes the interior of the battery 30 in a sealed state.
  • the explosion-proof valve 33 is staggered with the second fastening assembly 15 and the first fastening assembly 14. When a large amount of gas is generated inside the battery 30, the gas can be discharged to the outside of the battery 30 through the explosion-proof valve 33, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 30.
  • the first end plate 11 has a plurality of first hollow portions 111 arranged at intervals
  • the second end plate 12 has a plurality of second hollow portions 121 arranged at intervals.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions 111 improve the heat dissipation effect of the first end plate 11, and the plurality of second hollow portions 121 improve the heat dissipation effect of the second end plate 12, which is beneficial to dissipate the heat generated by the battery 30 in the battery module 100 during operation.
  • the portion between adjacent first hollow portions 111 acts as a reinforcing rib for the first end plate 11, and the portion between adjacent second hollow portions 121 acts as a reinforcing rib for the second end plate 12, thereby improving the strength of the first end plate 11 and the strength of the second end plate 12.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions 111 is beneficial to reducing the weight of the first end plate 11
  • the plurality of second hollow portions 121 is beneficial to reducing the weight of the second end plate 12, thereby reducing the weight of the battery module 100, and is beneficial to achieving a lightweight design of the battery module 100.
  • the shape of the first hollow portion 111 may be at least one of a regular shape or an irregular shape; the shape of the second hollow portion 121 may be at least one of a regular shape or an irregular shape.
  • the regular shape may be, but is not limited to, a triangle, a quadrilateral, a circle, a hexagon, etc.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions 111 are arranged in an array or the first end plate 11 is a honeycomb structure; the plurality of second hollow portions 121 are arranged in an array or the second end plate 12 is a honeycomb structure.
  • the plurality of first hollow portions 111 arranged in an array are conducive to making the strength of the first end plate 11 more uniform in all directions
  • the plurality of second hollow portions 121 arranged in an array are conducive to making the strength of the second end plate 12 more uniform in all directions, thereby improving the overall strength of the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12.
  • the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 are stronger, and the effect of fixing the batteries 30 and limiting expansion is stronger.
  • At least one of the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 includes: a plurality of fasteners 16, and the opposite ends of each of the fasteners 16 can detachably fix the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 respectively.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 are conducive to better connecting the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, improving the connection stability, and better confining the plurality of batteries 30 in the box body 10.
  • the battery module 100 of the present application requires fewer structural parts, which reduces the weight of the battery module 100 and reduces the production cost of the structural parts, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module 100.
  • the connection between the plurality of fasteners 16 and the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 is detachably fixed, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and disassembly, and reduces maintenance costs.
  • both the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 include a plurality of fasteners 16; or, the first fastening assembly 14 includes a plurality of fasteners 16, or the second fastening assembly 15 includes a plurality of fasteners 16.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 are staggered, which is beneficial to further improve the stability of the structure of the box 10, so that when the plurality of batteries 30 in the box 10 expand, the box 10 has a better effect of fixing the plurality of batteries 30 and limiting expansion.
  • the shape of the fastener 16 may be at least one of a flat strip, a rod, and a pillar strip.
  • the shape of the fastener 16 is a flat strip and the opposite ends of the fastener 16 connect the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, it is more conducive to saving space for the battery 30 in the height direction.
  • the material of the fastener 16 includes at least one of iron, aluminum and the like.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 are fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 by at least one of screws, bolts, rivets, snaps, etc.
  • the multiple fasteners 16 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along a second direction (as shown by arrow Y in Figure 2), wherein the second direction is an extension direction of the first end plate 11 or an extension direction of the second end plate 12.
  • extension direction of the first end plate 11 is the long side direction of the first end plate 11
  • extension direction of the second end plate 12 is the long side direction of the second end plate 12 .
  • the multiple fasteners 16 are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the long side direction of the first end plate 11 or the long side direction of the second end plate 12.
  • the assembly method of the multiple fasteners 16 is simple and easy to disassemble, thereby reducing the assembly cost and maintenance cost of the battery module 100.
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the multiple batteries 30 are stacked and arranged in a regular array in the battery module 100, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization of the box 10, improving the energy density of the battery module 100, and facilitating the miniaturization of the battery module 100.
  • the length of the first end plate 11 or the second end plate 12 along the third direction is L1
  • the distance between any two adjacent fasteners 16 is L2, which satisfies 0.9L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.1L1.
  • the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first end plate 11 or the thickness direction of the second end plate 12.
  • the third direction is the height direction of the first end plate 11 ; or, the third direction is the height direction of the second end plate 12 .
  • the distance L2 between any two adjacent fasteners 16 may be, but is not limited to, 0.9L1, 0.92L1, 0.95L1, 0.98L1, 1.0L1, 1.02L1, 1.03L1, 1.05L1, 1.07L1, 1.08L1, 1.1L1, etc.
  • the distance L2 between any two adjacent fasteners 16 satisfies 0.9L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.1L1
  • the distance L2 between the two adjacent fasteners 16 arranged in sequence along the second direction is within a reasonable range.
  • the distance between the adjacent fasteners 16 is too large, which weakens the fixing effect of the box 10 on the batteries 30 and reduces the overall stability of the battery module 100; when the value of the distance L2 between any two adjacent fasteners 16 is less than 0.9L1, the distance between the adjacent fasteners 16 is too small, which can further strengthen the fixing effect on the batteries 30, but increases the production cost and process cost.
  • the arrangement density of the fasteners 16 is conducive to improving the strength of the box body 10.
  • the box body 10 is subjected to more uniform force, which is conducive to strengthening the fixing and limiting effects on the battery 30.
  • each of the fasteners 16 includes a first fixing portion 161, a connecting portion 162 and a second fixing portion 163 which are bent and connected in sequence, and the first fixing portion 161 and the second fixing portion 163 are located on the same side of the connecting portion 162; the first fixing portion 161 is detachably fixed to the first end plate 11, and the second fixing portion 163 is detachably fixed to the second end plate 12.
  • first fixing portion 161, the connecting portion 162 and the second fixing portion 163 are bent and connected in sequence to form a "U"-shaped structure.
  • the fastener 16 is in a "U"-shaped structure.
  • the fastener 16 is directly fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 by screws or the like.
  • the battery 30 expands in volume during the charging and discharging process and generates a squeezing force on the box body 10
  • the screws used to fix the fastener 16 will be directly subjected to the shear force. After a period of use, the fastener 16 is prone to breakage.
  • the fastener 16 has a larger contact area with the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12.
  • the pressure area of the pressing member is larger, and it is less likely to cause stress concentration, so that the fastener 16 is not easy to break.
  • the first end plate 11 has a third surface 114 and a fourth surface 115 that are bent and connected, the third surface 114 is away from the battery 30, and the fourth surface 115 faces the fastener 16, and the first fixing portion 161 has a first penetration hole 161a;
  • the first end plate 11 also has a first through hole 112 and a first through groove 113 that are connected, the first through hole 112 penetrates the third surface 114, and the first through groove 113 penetrates the fourth surface 115;
  • the first fixing portion 161 is penetrated in the first through groove 113;
  • the battery module 100 also includes a first locking member 161b, which is sequentially penetrated in the first through hole 112 and the first penetration hole 161a to detachably fix the first fixing portion 161
  • the battery module 100 is fixed on the first end plate 11;
  • the second end plate 12 has a fifth surface 124 and a sixth surface 125 which are connected by bending, the fifth surface 124 is away from the battery 30, and the sixth
  • the fastener 16 has a "U"-shaped structure, the first fixing portion 161 is inserted into the first end plate 11 through the first through groove 113, and is fixed to the first end plate 11 through the first locking piece 161b; the second fixing portion 163 is inserted into the second end plate 12 through the second through groove 123, and is fixed to the second end plate 12 through the second locking piece 163b.
  • the fastener 16 of the present application is fixedly connected to the third surface 114 of the first end plate 11 and the fifth surface 124 of the second end plate 12, and the first locking member 161b can be arranged in the thickness direction of the first end plate 11 with the help of the thickness of the first end plate 11, without occupying the height of the third surface 114 side of the first end plate 11, nor the height of the fourth surface 115 side of the first end plate 11; the second locking member 163b can be arranged in the thickness direction of the second end plate 12 with the help of the thickness of the second end plate 12, without occupying the height of the fifth surface 124 side of the second end plate 12, nor the height of the sixth surface 125 side, thereby saving more height space, facilitating the stacking of multiple battery modules 100, and improving the space utilization and stability of the stacking of the battery modules 100.
  • the fastener 16 is assembled with the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12 as follows: the first fixing portion 161 of the fastener 16 is inserted into the first through groove 113, and the first locking piece 161b is sequentially inserted into the first through hole 112 and the first penetration hole 161a to fix the first fixing portion 161 to the first end plate 11; the second fixing portion 163 of the fastener 16 is inserted into the second through groove 123, and the second locking piece 163b is sequentially inserted into the second through hole 122 and the second penetration hole 163a to fix the second fixing portion 163 to the second end plate 12.
  • the first locking member 161b may be, but is not limited to, at least one of a screw, a bolt, a screw rod and a rivet, etc.
  • the second locking member 163b may be, but is not limited to, at least one of a screw, a bolt, a screw rod and a rivet, etc.
  • the multiple fasteners 16 of the first fastening assembly 14 are bent and connected in sequence; the multiple fasteners 16 of the second fastening assembly 15 are bent and connected in sequence.
  • the opposite ends of the fastener 16 are fixed to the first end plate 11 or the second end plate 12, and the connection between two adjacent fasteners 16 is fixed to the first end plate 11 or the second end plate 12 by at least one of screws, bolts, screws and rivets.
  • the fasteners 16 provided in the present application are connected end to end in sequence, and multiple triangles with higher stability are formed between the multiple fasteners 16 and the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, thereby improving the connection strength between the fastener 16 and the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and then improving the stability of the box 10.
  • the box 10 has a better effect of fixing and limiting the expansion of the multiple batteries 30.
  • At least one of the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165 and a third fastener 166, and the first fastener 164, the second fastener 165 and the third fastener 166 are bent and connected in sequence to form an integrated structure.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, and a third fastener 166 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • the second fastening assembly 15 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, and a third fastener 166 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • both the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 include a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, and a third fastener 166 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • two highly stable triangles are formed between the first fastener 164, the second fastener 165 and the third fastener 166 and the first end plate 11, the second end plate 12, thereby improving the connection strength between the fastener 16 and the first end plate 11, the second end plate 12, thereby improving the fastening effect and expansion limiting effect of the box 10 on the multiple batteries 30.
  • first fastener 164, the second fastener 165 and the third fastener 166 are bent and connected in sequence to form a "Z"-shaped structure. Specifically, the opposite ends of the first fastener 164 are fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, the opposite ends of the third fastener 166 are fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, one end of the second fastener 165 is connected to the first fastener 164, and the other end of the second fastener 165 is connected to the third fastener 166, so as to achieve the fastener 16 being fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 may be an integrally formed structure, or may be formed separately and then connected into an integral structure.
  • At least one of the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, a third fastener 166 and a fourth fastener 167, and the first fastener 164, the second fastener 165, the third fastener 166 and the fourth fastener 167 are bent and connected in sequence to form an integrated structure.
  • the first fastening assembly 14 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, a third fastener 166, and a fourth fastener 167 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • the second fastening assembly 15 includes a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, a third fastener 166, and a fourth fastener 167 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • both the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 include a first fastener 164, a second fastener 165, a third fastener 166, and a fourth fastener 167 that are bent and connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
  • a plurality of highly stable triangles are formed between the first fastener 164, the second fastener 165, the third fastener 166 and the fourth fastener 167 and the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, thereby improving the connection strength between the fastener 16 and the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and further improving the fastening and limiting effect of the box 10 on the plurality of batteries 30.
  • first fastener 164, the second fastener 165, the third fastener 166 and the fourth fastener 167 are bent and connected in sequence to form an "M"-shaped structure.
  • first fastener 164, the second fastener 165, the third fastener 166 and the fourth fastener 167 are bent and connected in sequence to form an "M"-shaped structure.
  • the opposite ends of the first fastener 164 are fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12
  • the opposite ends of the fourth fastener 167 are fixed to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12
  • one end of the second fastener 165 is connected to the first fastener 164
  • the other end of the second fastener 165 is connected to one end of the third fastener 166
  • the other end of the third fastener 166 is connected to the fourth fastener 167.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 may be an integrally formed structure, or may be formed separately and then connected into an integral structure.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 are an integrally formed structure, it is helpful to simplify the installation process of the fasteners 16, but the integrally formed structure is difficult to process and easily causes waste of processing materials.
  • the plurality of fasteners 16 are formed separately and then connected into an integral structure, the processing cost of the plurality of fasteners 16 is low, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery module 100.
  • the box body 10 also includes a plurality of limit members 18.
  • the limit members 18 are arranged along the extension direction of the fastener 16 and are arranged between two adjacent batteries 30 to space the two adjacent batteries 30.
  • the plurality of limit members 18 cooperate with the fastener 16 to limit the position of the limit members 18.
  • the extension direction of the fastener 16 is the long side direction of the fastener 16
  • the limit members 18 are arranged along the extension direction of the fastener 16
  • the limit members 18 are arranged along the long side direction of the fastener 16 .
  • the plurality of limit members 18 cooperate with the fastener 16 to limit the position of the battery 30 so that two adjacent batteries 30 are spaced apart.
  • the fastener 16 abuts against the limit member 18 to limit the position of the limit member 18, thereby improving the fixing and limiting effects on the battery 30.
  • the stopper 18 is insulated, and the material of the stopper 18 includes at least one of resin, rubber or plastic.
  • the stopper 18 may also be metal (such as aluminum, iron, etc.), and the surface of the stopper 18 is coated with an insulating material, and the insulating material includes at least one of resin, rubber or plastic.
  • the plurality of limit members 18 are spaced apart on the surface of the fastener 16 facing the battery 30, and the plurality of limit members 18 and the fastener 16 are an integral structure; or, the limit member 18 is clamped on the fastener 16 to enable a limiting fit between the limit member 18 and the fastener 16.
  • the integral structure of the stopper 18 and the fastener 16 is conducive to strengthening the fixing effect on the battery 30.
  • the stopper 18 and the fastener 16 are separate structures, and the stopper 18 is clamped to the fastener 16.
  • the assembly difficulty of the battery module 100 is low, the assembly flexibility is higher, and the production difficulty of the fastener 16 is low, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the battery module 100.
  • the battery module 100 further includes a fireproof plate 50, which is disposed on the side of the first fastening assembly 14 away from the plurality of batteries 30 and connected to the first fastener 164.
  • the fireproof plate 50 is disposed on the side of the first fastening assembly 14 away from the plurality of batteries 30, so that when the battery module 100 has thermal runaway, the fireproof plate 50 can prevent the fire from spreading.
  • the fireproof plate 50 can prevent the fire from spreading and affecting the normal operation of other battery modules 100.
  • the fireproof plate 50 is conducive to improving the safety performance of the battery module 100.
  • the fireproof plate 50 is fixed to a side of the fastening assembly away from the plurality of batteries 30 by at least one of screws, bolts, threaded rods and rivets.
  • the fireproof board 50 includes at least one of a mica fireproof board 50, a heat-insulating glass wool board, and a metal plate including a fireproof layer.
  • the fireproof board 50 is a metal plate including a fireproof layer
  • the metal plate may be, but is not limited to, a metal plate coated with a ceramic fireproof coating, a metal plate with a ceramic silicone pad, and the like.
  • the box body 10 also includes a first cover plate 20 and a second cover plate 21 arranged back to back along the second direction, and the first cover plate 20 is respectively connected to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12; the second cover plate 21 is respectively connected to the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12.
  • the first end plate 11, the second end plate 12, the first fastening assembly 14, the second fastening assembly 15, the first cover plate 20 and the second cover plate 21 enclose the box 10, and the box 10 is used to accommodate the multiple batteries 30, and has a fixing effect and a limiting expansion effect on the multiple batteries 30.
  • the first cover plate 20 and the second end plate 12 are conducive to limiting the movement of the multiple batteries 30 in the second direction, which is conducive to further improving the fixing effect of the box 10 on the battery module 100 and improving the stability of the battery module 100.
  • first end plate 11 , the second end plate 12 , the first cover plate 20 and the second cover plate 21 are connected by snap-fit connection, which facilitates the disassembly of the battery module 100 and reduces the maintenance cost of the battery module 100 .
  • a sealing structure is provided on the first cover plate 20 and the second cover plate 21, and the sealing structure is used to prevent water vapor and the like from adhering to metal parts (such as busbars, high-voltage aluminum bars) in the battery module 100, thereby causing a short circuit in the battery module 100.
  • the battery module 100 is not completely sealed, and by partially sealing the portion of the battery module 100 that is easily affected by water vapor and causes a short circuit in the battery module 100, it is beneficial to improve the safety performance and stability of the battery module 100.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an energy storage device 200 .
  • the energy storage device 200 includes a plurality of battery modules 100 provided in the present application.
  • the plurality of battery modules 100 are electrically connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner.
  • the energy storage device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery modules 100 provided in the present application, and the plurality of battery modules 100 use the first fastening assembly 14 and the second fastening assembly 15 to achieve detachable fixation with the first end plate 11 and the second end plate 12, and no more end plates are required to fix the battery 30, which reduces the weight of the battery module 100 while reducing the production cost of the battery module 100, and the battery module 100 has a good fixing effect on the battery 30 and high safety performance. Furthermore, the battery module 100 in the energy storage device 200 has a good fixing effect on the battery 30 and high safety performance, and the battery module 100 in the energy storage device 200 has fewer structural parts, which is conducive to achieving lightweighting of the energy storage device 200 and reducing energy storage costs.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device 300 .
  • the electric device 300 includes a device body 310 and a battery module 100 provided in the present application.
  • the battery module 100 supplies power to the electric device 300 .
  • the electrical device 300 provided in the present application is powered by the battery module 100 provided in the present application.
  • the battery module 100 has the advantages of being lightweight and low cost, and the battery module 100 has high safety performance, can provide a stable power supply for the electrical device 300, and reduce the production cost of the electrical device 300.
  • the electrical device 300 may be, but is not limited to, a car, a van, a truck, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a camera device, a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a bracelet, a VR device, etc.), a television, a vehicle-mounted device, an e-reader, or the like.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备。所述电池模组包括多个电池及箱体，箱体用于收容多个所述电池，所述箱体包括：第一端板、第二端板、第一紧固组件及第二紧固组件；所述第二端板与第一端板间隔设置；多个所述电池设置于第一端板与第二端板之间，每个电池具有沿第一方向上相背设置的第一表面及第二表面，第一表面面向第一端板，第二表面向第二端板，其中述第一方向为电池的厚度方向；第一紧固组件设置于第一端板及第二端板同一侧，且分别可拆卸固定第一端板及第二端板；第二紧固组件位于第一端板及第二端板背离第一紧固组件的另一侧，且分别可拆卸固定第一端板及第二端板。电池模组对电池的固定效果好，且生产成本低。

Description

一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备。
背景技术
在当前的储能技术领域，发电成本低于储能成本，限制了储能设备的发展。在丰水期发电时，发电侧能提供的电量超过用户侧的电量需求，若缺少大量的储能设备储存多余的电量，则多余的电量只能抛掉；在用电高峰期，发电侧无法满足用户侧的电量需求，若缺少大量的储能设备辅助发电侧为用户侧供电，则会对电网造成较大的压力。因此，需要尽力降低储能成本。
为了降低储能成本，可通过只采用结构胶对电池固定，此方案虽然降低了储能成本，但是所得到的电池模组中电池不可拆卸，且后续维护成本高，维护难度大。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请提供一种电池模组、储能设备及用电设备。所述电池模组在保证电池的固定效果的同时简化了结构件，降低了电池模组的生产成本。
本申请提供了一种电池模组，所述电池模组多个电池以及箱体，所述箱体用于收容多个所述电池，所述箱体包括：第一端板、第二端板、第一紧固组件及第二紧固组件；所述第二端板与所述第一端板间隔设置；多个所述电池设置于所述第一端板与所述第二端板之间，每个所述电池具有沿第一方向上相背设置的第一表面及第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一端板，所述第二表面向所述第二端板，其中，所述第一方向为所述电池的厚度方向；所述第一紧固组件设置于所述第一端板及所述第二端板同一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板；所述第二紧固组件位于所述第一端板及所述第二端板背离所述第一紧固组件的另一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述第一紧固组件及所述第二紧固组件将所述第一端板及所述第二端板连接起来，并围合成箱体，所述箱体用于收容所述多个电池，所述箱体能对电池的膨胀有一定的限制作用，且对所述多个电池有较好的固定效果。此外，所述第一紧固组件可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板，所述第二紧固组件可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板，便于后续维护及拆卸，降低了维护成本。再者，相对于完全密封的电池模组，本申请的电池模组中所需的结构件较少，减轻了电池模组的重量且降低了结构件的生产成本，进而降低了电池模组的生产成本。
进一步地，所述第一端板具有间隔设置的多个第一镂空部，所述第二端板具有间隔设置的多个第二镂空部。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述多个第一镂空部提高了所述第一端板的散热效果，所述多个第二镂空部提高了所述第二端板的散热效果，有利于将电池模组中电池在工作中产生的热量散发出去。此外，所述间隔设置的第一镂空部和第二镂空部起到了加强筋的作用，提高了所述第一端板的强度及所述第二端板的强度。再者，所述多个第一镂空部有利于减轻所述第一端板的重量，所述多个第二镂空部有利于减轻所述第二端板的重量，进而减轻了电池模组的重量，有利于实现电池模组的轻量化设计。
进一步地，所述多个第一镂空部阵列排布或者所述第一端板为蜂窝结构；所述多个第二镂空部阵列排布或者所述第二端板为蜂窝结构。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，阵列排布的多个第一镂空部有利于使所述第一端板在各个方向上的强度更加均一，阵列排布的多个第二镂空部有利于使所述第二端板在各个方向上的强度更加均一，从而提高所述第一端板及所述第二端板的整体强度。在本申请的电池模组中，当多个所述电池在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述第一端板及所述第二端板强度更大，对所 述电池的固定及限制膨胀的效果更强。
进一步地，所述第一紧固组件和所述第二紧固组件中的至少一个包括：多个紧固件，每个所述紧固件的相背两端分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板与所述第二端板。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述多个紧固件有利于更好地将所述第一端板及所述第二端板连接，提高连接稳定性，可以更好地将所述多个电池限定在所述箱体内。当所述第一紧固组件及第二紧固组件中的至少一个包括紧固件时，相对于完全密封的电池模组，本申请的电池模组中所需的结构件较少，减轻了电池模组的重量且降低了结构件的生产成本，进而降低了电池模组的生产成本。再者，所述多个紧固件与所述第一端板及所述第二端板之间的连接为可拆卸固定，便于后续维护和拆卸，降低了维护成本。
进一步地，所述多个紧固件沿第二方向依次间隔排布，其中，所述第二方向为所述第一端板的延伸方向或所述第二端板的延伸方向。
在本申请的实施例中，所述多个紧固件沿所述第一端板的长边方向或第二端板的长边方向依次间隔排布，所述多个紧固件的组装方式简单，且有利于拆卸，降低了所述电池模组的组装成本及维护成本。
进一步地，所述第一端板或所述第二端板沿第三方向上的长度为L1，任意相邻两个紧固件之间的距离为L2满足0.9L1≤L2≤1.1L1，所述第三方向垂直于所述第二方向，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一端板的厚度方向或所述第二端板的厚度方向。
在本申请的实施例中，当所述任意相邻两个紧固件之间的距离L2满足0.9L1≤L2≤1.1L1时，沿所述第二方向依次间隔排布的相邻两个紧固件之间的距离L2在合理的范围内，当多个所述电池在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述箱体受力更加均匀，有利于加强对电池的固定作用及限位作用。当所述任意相邻两个紧固件之间的距离L2的值大于1.1L1，所述相邻的紧固件之间的距离过大，减弱了所述箱体对所述电池的固定作用，降低了所述电池模组整体的稳定性；当所述任意相邻两个紧固件之间的距离L2的值小于0.9L1时，所述相邻的紧固件之间的距离过小，虽能进一步加强对电池的固定作用，但是增加了生产成本及工艺成本。
进一步地，每个所述紧固件包括依次弯折相连的第一固定部、连接部及第二固定部，所述第一固定部与所述第二固定部位于所述连接部的同一侧；所述第一固定部可拆卸固定于所述第一端板，所述第二固定部可拆卸固定于所述第二端板。
在本申请提供的紧固件，第一固定部、连接部及第二固定部依次弯折相连，形成“U”型结构，换言之，所述紧固件呈“U”型结构。采用U型结构的紧固件的方案，所述紧固件与所述第一端板及所述第二端板具有更大的接触面积，当电池在充放电过程中体积发生膨胀并对箱体产生挤压力时，所述紧压件受力面积更大，更不易导致应力集中，使得所述紧固件不易断裂。
进一步地，所述第一端板具有弯折相连的第三表面及第四表面，所述第三表面背离所述电池，所述第四表面面向所述紧固件，所述第一固定部具有第一穿设孔；所述第一端板还具有连通的第一通孔及第一通槽，所述第一通孔贯穿所述第三表面，所述第一通槽贯穿所述第四表面；所述第一固定部穿设于所述第一通槽；所述电池模组还包括第一锁定件，所述第一锁定件依次穿设于所述第一通孔及所述第一穿设孔，以将所述第一固定部可拆卸固定于所述第一端板。所述第二端板具有弯折相连的第五表面及第六表面，所述第五表面背离所述电池，所述第六表面面向所述紧固件，所述第二固定部具有第二穿设孔；所述第二端板还具有连通的第二通孔及第二通槽，所述第二通孔贯穿所述第五表面，所述第二通槽贯穿所述第六表面；所述第二固定部穿设于所述第二通槽；所述电池模组还包括第二锁定件，所述第二锁定件依次穿设于所述第二通孔及所述第二穿设孔，以将所述第二固定部可拆卸固定于所述第二端板。
本申请提供的紧固件呈“U”型结构，所述第一固定部通过第一通槽插接于所述第一端板，并通过第一锁定件固定于所述第一端板上；所述第二固定部通过第二通槽插接于所述第二端板，并通过第二锁定件固定于所述第二端板上。本申请的紧固件固定连接于所述第一端板的第三表面及所述第二端板的第五表面，所述第一锁定件可借助第一端板的厚度且设置于所述第一端板的厚度方向上，无需占用第一端板中第三表面一侧的高度，也无需占用第一端板中 第四表面一侧的高度；所述第二锁定件可借助第二端板的厚度且设置于所述第二端板的厚度方向上，无需占用第二端板中第五表面一侧的高度，也无需占用第六表面一侧的高度，节约了更多的高度空间，有利于多个电池模组的堆叠，提高电池模组堆叠的空间利用率及稳固性。
进一步地，所述第一紧固组件的所述多个紧固件依次弯折相连；所述第二紧固组件的所述多个紧固件依次弯折相连。
本申请提供的紧固件的相背两端均固定于所述第一端板或所述第二端板上，相邻的两个紧固件的连接处通过螺丝、螺钉、螺杆及铆钉中的至少一种固定于所述第一端板或所述第二端板上，本申请提供的紧固件依次弯折相连，所述多个紧固件与所述第一端板、第二端板之间形成多个稳定性更高的三角形，提高了所述紧固件与所述第一端板、第二端板之间的连接强度，继而提高了所述箱体的稳定性。当多个所述电池在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述箱体对所述多个电池的固定及限制膨胀的效果更好。
进一步地，所述第一紧固组件及所述第二紧固组件中的至少一个包括第一紧固件、第二紧固件、第三紧固件及第四紧固件，所述第一紧固件、第二紧固件、第三紧固件及第四紧固件依次弯折连接形成一体结构。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述第一紧固件、第二紧固件、第三紧固件及第四紧固件与所述第一端板及第二端板之间形成多个稳定性较高的三角形，提高了所述紧固件与所述第一端板、第二端板之间的连接强度，继而提高了箱体对所述多个电池的紧固作用及限位作用。
进一步地，在本申请中，所述箱体还包括多个限位件，所述限位件沿所述紧固件的延伸方向排列，且设置于相邻的两个所述电池之间，用于使相邻的两个所述电池间隔设置；所述多个限位件与所述紧固件限位配合，以限定所述限位件的位置。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述多个限位件与所述紧固件限位配合，所述限位件用于限制所述电池的位置，使相邻的两个所述电池间隔设置，所述紧固件抵持所述限位件，用于限定所述限位件的位置，提高了对所述电池的固定作用及限位作用。
进一步地，所述多个限位件间隔设置于所述紧固件面向所述电池的表面，且所述多个限位件与所述紧固件为一体结构；或者，所述限位件卡接于所述紧固件，以使所述限位件与所述紧固件之间限位配合。
所述限位件与紧固件的一体结构有利于加强对所述电池的固定作用。所述限位件与紧固件为分体结构，所述限位件卡接于所述紧固件，相对于限位件与紧固件为一体结构的方案，当所述限位件与紧固件为分体结构时，电池模组的组装难度低，组装灵活度更高，且紧固件的生产难度较低，有利于减小所述电池模组的生产成本。
进一步地，所述电池模组还包括防火板，所述防火板设置于所述第一紧固组件背离所述多个电池的一侧，且连接所述第一紧固件。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，在所述第一紧固组件背离所述多个电池的一侧设置防火板，这样当所述电池模组发生热失控时，所述防火板可以防止火势蔓延。当所述多个电池模组堆叠时，若其中一个电池模组发生热失控，所述防火板可以防止火势蔓延影响到其它电池模组的正常工作，所述防火板有利于提高所述电池模组的安全性能。
进一步地，所述箱体还包括沿第二方向相背设置第一盖板及第二盖板，所述第一盖板分别连接所述第一端板及所述第二端板；所述第二盖板分别连接所述第一端板及所述第二端板，其中，所述第二方向为所述第一端板或所述第二端板的延伸方向。
在本申请提供的电池模组中，所述第一端板、第二端板、第一紧固组件、第二紧固组件、第一盖板及第二盖板围合成所述箱体，所述箱体用于收容所述多个电池，并对多个所述电池有固定作用及限制膨胀作用。其中，所述第一盖板及所述第二端板有利于限制多个所述电池在第二方向上的移动，有利于进一步提高所述箱体对电池模组的固定效果，提高所述电池模组的稳定性。
本申请还提供了一种储能设备，所述储能设备包括多个本申请提供的电池模组，所述多个电池模组通过串联、并联或混联的方式电连接。
本申请提供的储能设备包括了多个本申请提供的电池模组，所述多个电池模组利用第一 紧固组件、第二紧固组件实现了与所述第一端板、第二端板之间的可拆卸固定，无需更多的端板来对电池进行固定，在减轻电池模组的重量的同时减轻了电池模组的生产成本，且所述电池模组对于电池的固定效果好，安全性能高。进一步地，所述储能设备中电池模组对于电池的固定效果好，安全性能高，且所述储能设备中电池模组的结构件更少，有利于实现所述储能设备的轻量化及降低储能成本。
本申请还提供了一种用电设备，所述用电设备包括设备本体以及本申请提供的电池模组，所述电池模组为所述用电设备供电。
本申请提供的用电设备由本申请提供的电池模组供电，所述电池模组具有轻量化及成本较低的优势，且所述电池模组安全性能较高，能为所述用电设备提供稳定的电源，并降低所述用电设备的生产成本。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一紧固组件及所述第二紧固组件将所述第一端板及所述第二端板连接起来，并围合成箱体，所述箱体用于收容所述多个电池，所述箱体能对电池的膨胀有一定的限制作用，且对所述多个电池有较好的固定效果。此外，所述第一紧固组件可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板，所述第二紧固组件可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板，便于后续维护及拆卸，降低了维护成本。再者，相对于完全密封的电池模组，本申请的电池模组中所需的结构件较少，减轻了电池模组的重量且降低了结构件的生产成本，进而降低了电池模组的生产成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例的电池模组的部分爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例的第一端板的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例的第二端板的结构示意图；
图5为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图6为本申请图5实施例的电池模组的部分爆炸结构示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例的紧固件的结构示意图；
图8为本申请图6中虚线框A的放大图；
图9为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图10为本申请图9实施例的电池模组的部分爆炸结构示意图；
图11为本申请图10中虚线框B的放大图；
图12为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图13为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图14为本申请图13实施例的电池模组的部分爆炸结构示意图；
图15为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的爆炸结构示意图；
图16为本申请又一实施例的紧固件的结构示意图；
图17为本申请又一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图18为本申请图17实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图19为本申请一实施例的储能系统的结构示意图；
图20为本申请一实施例的用电设备的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100－电池模组，10－箱体，11－第一端板，111－第一镂空部，112－第一通孔，113－第一通槽，114－第三表面，115－第四表面，12－第二端板，121－第二镂空部，122－第二通孔，123－第二通槽，124－第五表面，125－第六表面，14－第一紧固组件，15－第二紧固组件，16－紧固件， 161－第一固定部，161a－第一穿设孔，161b－第一锁定件，162－连接部，163－第二固定部，163a－第二穿设孔，163b－第二锁定件，164－第一紧固件，165－第二紧固件，166－第三紧固件，167－第四紧固件，18－限位件，20－第一盖板，21－第二盖板，30－电池，31－第一表面，32－第二表面，33－防爆阀，50－防火板，200－储能设备，300－用电设备，310－设备本体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”或“实施方式”意味着，结合实施例或实施方式描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在储能技术领域，储能成本高于发电成本，需要尽力降低储能成本来满足用户侧的用电需求。为了使电池模组具有较高的储能容量，将多个电芯组装于箱体内，形成电池模组。电池模组包括散热结构，散热结构的温度通常较低，如果箱体未完全密封，电池模组内的金属件上会形成冷凝水，容易造成电池模组短路，因此，用于承载电芯的箱体通常是封闭的。这使得整个电池模组的内部零部件较多，电池模组的生产成本较高。此外，电芯通常采用结构胶固定，以降低电池模组的成本，但是采用结构胶固定后电池不可拆卸，后续维护成本高，维护难度大。
请参见图1及图2，本实施方式提供了一种电池模组100，所述电池模组100包括多个电池30以及箱体10，所述箱体10用于收容所述多个电池30，所述箱体10包括：第一端板11、第二端板12、第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15；所述第二端板12与所述第一端板11间隔设置；所述多个电池30设置于所述第一端板11与所述第二端板12之间，每个所述电池30具有沿第一方向(如图1中箭头X所示)上相背设置的第一表面31及第二表面32，所述第一表面31面向所述第一端板11，所述第二表面32向所述第二端板12，其中，所述第一方向为所述电池30的厚度方向；所述第一紧固组件14设置于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12同一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12；所述第二紧固组件15位于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12背离所述第一紧固组件14的另一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12。
可以理解地，本申请术语中“多个”指大于或等于两个。
可以理解地，所述第一方向为所述电池30的厚度方向，其中，所述厚度方向为所述电池30的最短边的宽度方向。
可以理解地，所述第一紧固组件14及所述第二紧固组件15将所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12连接起来，所述第一端板11、第二端板12、第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15围合成箱体10，所述箱体10用于收容多个电池30。当多个所述电池30在充放电过程中散发热量并发生膨胀时，多个所述电池30将挤压所述箱体10，所述箱体10对多个所述电池30起固定和限位作用，以提高所述电池模组100的稳定性。
可选地，所述第一紧固组件14可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述可拆卸固定方式包括螺纹连接、卡扣连接中的至少一种。可拆卸固定便于后续维护及拆卸，降低了电池模组100的维护成本。
可选地，所述第二紧固组件15可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述可拆卸固定方式包括螺纹连接、卡扣连接中的至少一种。可拆卸固定便于后续维护及拆卸，降低了电池模组100的维护成本。所述第一紧固组件14与所述第二紧固组件15相互配合，用于固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，使所述箱体10的结构更加稳定。
具体地，当多个所述电池30在充放电过程中散发热量并发生膨胀时，第一表面31及第二表面32相对于电池30的其它表面而言具有较大的面积，则第一表面31及第二表面32的变形程度较大，且电池30的表面一般采用拉伸的工艺方式形成，第一表面31及第二表面32相对于电池30的其它表面而言壁厚更小，在电池30发生膨胀时，所述第一表面31及第二表面32的变形程度更大。在本申请的实施例中，所述第一表面31面向所述第一端板11，第二表面32向所述第二端板12，当所述电池30发生膨胀时，所述第一端板11抵持所述多个电池30中最靠近第一端板11的第一表面31，所述第二端板12抵持所述多个电池30中最靠近第二端板12的第二表面32，所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12限制了所述电池30在厚度方向上的膨胀，有利于提高所述箱体10对多个所述电池30的固定作用。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一紧固组件14及所述第二紧固组件15将所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12连接起来，并围合成箱体10，所述箱体10用于收容所述多个电池30，所述箱体10能对电池30的膨胀有一定的限制作用，且对所述多个电池30有较好的固定效果。此外，所述第一紧固组件14可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述第二紧固组件15可拆卸固定所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，便于后续维护及拆卸，降低了维护成本。再者，相对于完全密封的电池模组100，本申请的电池模组100中所需的结构件较少，减轻了电池模组100的重量且降低了结构件的生产成本，进而降低了电池模组100的生产成本。
可选地，请参见图2，在一些实施例中，每个所述电池30包括至少一个防爆阀33，所述防爆阀33设置于所述电池30靠近所述第一紧固组件14的一端，防爆阀33与所述第一紧固组件14错开设置；或者，所述防爆阀33设置于所述电池30靠近所述第二紧固组件15的一端，防爆阀33与所述第二紧固组件15错开设置。在本申请的实施例中，所述防爆阀33使得所述电池30内部处于密封状态，当所述电池30出现过充电或者内部短路时，电池30内部会产生大量的气体，大量的气体将通过防爆阀33排出至电池30的外部，以泄放多余的气体，避免所述电池30因内部气压过高而爆炸，提高了所述电池30的安全性能。所述防爆阀33与所述第二紧固组件15及第一紧固组件14错开设置，当所述电池30内部产生大量的气体时，气体可以通过防爆阀33泄放出电池30外部，提高电池30的安全性能。
请参见图3及图4，在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一端板11具有间隔设置的多个第一镂空部111，所述第二端板12具有间隔设置的多个第二镂空部121。
在本申请的实施例中，所述多个第一镂空部111提高了所述第一端板11的散热效果，所述多个第二镂空部121提高了所述第二端板12的散热效果，有利于将电池模组100中电池30在工作中产生的热量散发出去。此外，相邻的第一镂空部111之间的部分对于第一端板11而言起到了加强筋的作用，相邻的第二镂空部121之间的部分对于第二端板12而言起到了加强筋的作用，提高了所述第一端板11的强度及所述第二端板12的强度。再者，所述多个第一镂空部111有利于减轻所述第一端板11的重量，所述多个第二镂空部121有利于减轻所述第二端板12的重量，进而减轻了电池模组100的重量，有利于实现电池模组100的轻量化设计。
可选地，所述第一镂空部111的形状可以为规则形状或不规则形状中的至少一种；所述第二镂空部121的形状可以为规则形状或不规则形状中的至少一种。在一些实施例中，所述规则形状可以为但不限于为三角形、四边形、圆形及六边形等。
可选地，所述多个第一镂空部111阵列排布或者所述第一端板11为蜂窝结构；所述多个第二镂空部121阵列排布或者所述第二端板12为蜂窝结构。
在本申请的实施例中，阵列排布的多个第一镂空部111有利于使所述第一端板11在各个方向上的强度更加均一，阵列排布的多个第二镂空部121有利于使所述第二端板12在各个方 向上的强度更加均一，从而提高所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12的整体强度。在本申请的电池模组100中，当多个所述电池30在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12强度更大，对所述电池30的固定及限制膨胀的效果更强。
请参见图1及图2，在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一紧固组件14和所述第二紧固组件15中的至少一个包括：多个紧固件16，每个所述紧固件16的相背两端分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板11与所述第二端板12。
在本申请的实施例中，所述多个紧固件16有利于更好地将所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12连接，提高连接稳定性，可以更好地将所述多个电池30限定在所述箱体10内。当所述第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15中的至少一个包括紧固件16时，相对于完全密封的电池模组100，本申请的电池模组100中所需的结构件较少，减轻了电池模组100的重量且降低了结构件的生产成本，进而降低了电池模组100的生产成本。再者，所述多个紧固件16与所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12之间的连接为可拆卸固定，便于后续维护和拆卸，降低了维护成本。
可选地，所述第一紧固组件14和所述第二紧固组件15都包括多个紧固件16；或者，所述第一紧固组件14包括多个紧固件16，或者所述第二紧固组件15包括多个紧固件16。在一些实施例中，所述第一紧固组件14和所述第二紧固组件15都包括多个紧固件16时，所述多个紧固件16错开设置，有利于进一步提高所述箱体10结构的稳定性，使得当所述箱体10内的多个电池30发生膨胀时，所述箱体10对所述多个电池30的固定作用及限制膨胀的效果更好。
可选地，所述紧固件16的形状可以为扁平条状、棒状及支柱条状中的至少一种。当所述紧固件16的形状为扁平条状且所述紧固件16的相背两端连接所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12时，更有利于节省所述电池30在高度方向上的空间。
可选地，所述紧固件16的材料包括铁、铝等中的至少一种。
可选地，所述多个紧固件16通过螺丝、螺钉、铆钉、卡扣等中的至少一种固定于所述第一端板11及第二端板12上。
请参见图1及图2，在本申请一些实施例中，所述多个紧固件16沿第二方向(如图2中箭头Y所示)依次间隔排布，其中，所述第二方向为所述第一端板11的延伸方向或所述第二端板12的延伸方向。
可以理解地，所述第一端板11的延伸方向为第一端板11的长边方向，所述第二端板12的延伸方向为所示第二端板12的长边方向。
在本申请的实施例中，所述多个紧固件16沿所述第一端板11的长边方向或第二端板12的长边方向依次间隔排布，所述多个紧固件16的组装方式简单，且有利于拆卸，降低了所述电池模组100的组装成本及维护成本。
在一具体实施例中，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向，则所述多个电池30在所述电池模组100中进行规整的阵列堆叠排布，有利于提高所述箱体10的空间利用率，提高所述电池模组100的能量密度，有利于实现电池模组100的小型化。
请参见图1及图2，在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一端板11或所述第二端板12沿第三方向(如图2中箭头Z所示)上的长度为L1，任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离为L2满足0.9L1≤L2≤1.1L1，所述第三方向垂直于所述第二方向，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一端板11的厚度方向或所述第二端板12的厚度方向。
可以理解地，所述第三方向为所述第一端板11的高度方向；或者，所述第三方向为所述第二端板12的高度方向。
可选地，任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2的值可以为但不限于为0.9L1、0.92L1、0.95L1、0.98L1、1.0L1、1.02L1、1.03L1、1.05L1、1.07L1、1.08L1及1.1L1等。
在本申请的实施例中，当所述任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2满足0.9L1≤L2≤1.1L1时，沿所述第二方向依次间隔排布的相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2在合理的范围内，当多个所述电池30在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述箱体10受力更加均匀， 有利于加强对电池30的固定作用及限位作用。当所述任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2的值大于1.1L1，所述相邻的紧固件16之间的距离过大，减弱了所述箱体10对所述电池30的固定作用，降低了所述电池模组100整体的稳定性；当所述任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2的值小于0.9L1时，所述相邻的紧固件16之间的距离过小，虽能进一步加强对电池30的固定作用，但是增加了生产成本及工艺成本。
在一具体实施例中，任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2等于所述第一端板11或所述第二端板12的沿第三方向上的长度L1，即任意相邻两个紧固件16之间的距离L2的值满足L2＝L1，在这一实施例中，所述紧固件16的排布密度有利于提高所述箱体10的强度，当所述电池30在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述箱体10受力更加均匀，有利于加强对电池30的固定作用及限位作用。
请参见图5至图7，在本申请一些实施例中，每个所述紧固件16包括依次弯折相连的第一固定部161、连接部162及第二固定部163，所述第一固定部161与所述第二固定部163位于所述连接部162的同一侧；所述第一固定部161可拆卸固定于所述第一端板11，所述第二固定部163可拆卸固定于所述第二端板12。
可以理解地，第一固定部161、连接部162及第二固定部163依次弯折相连，形成“U”型结构，换言之，所述紧固件16呈“U”型结构。在图1及图2所述的方案中，紧固件16采用螺丝等直接固定于第一端板11及第二端板12上，当电池30在充放电过程中体积发生膨胀并对箱体10产生挤压力时，用于固定紧固件16的螺丝会直接受到剪切力的作用，经过一段时间的使用后，紧固件16容易断裂。而采用U型结构的紧固件16的方案，所述紧固件16与所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12具有更大的接触面积，当电池30在充放电过程中体积发生膨胀并对箱体10产生挤压力时，所述紧压件受力面积更大，更不易导致应力集中，使得所述紧固件16不易断裂。
请参见图5至图11，在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一端板11具有弯折相连的第三表面114及第四表面115，所述第三表面114背离所述电池30，所述第四表面115面向所述紧固件16，所述第一固定部161具有第一穿设孔161a；所述第一端板11还具有连通的第一通孔112及第一通槽113，所述第一通孔112贯穿所述第三表面114，所述第一通槽113贯穿所述第四表面115；所述第一固定部161穿设于所述第一通槽113；所述电池模组100还包括第一锁定件161b，所述第一锁定件161b依次穿设于所述第一通孔112及所述第一穿设孔161a，以将所述第一固定部161可拆卸固定于所述第一端板11；所述第二端板12具有弯折相连的第五表面124及第六表面125，所述第五表面124背离所述电池30，所述第六表面125面向所述紧固件16，所述第二固定部163具有第二穿设孔163a；所述第二端板12还具有连通的第二通孔122及第二通槽123，所述第二通孔122贯穿所述第五表面124，所述第二通槽123贯穿所述第六表面125；所述第二固定部163穿设于所述第二通槽123；所述电池模组100还包括第二锁定件163b，所述第二锁定件163b依次穿设于所述第二通孔122及所述第二穿设孔163a，以将所述第二固定部163可拆卸固定于所述第二端板12。
在本申请的实施例中，所述紧固件16呈“U”型结构，所述第一固定部161通过第一通槽113插接于所述第一端板11，并通过第一锁定件161b固定于所述第一端板11上；所述第二固定部163通过第二通槽123插接于所述第二端板12，并通过第二锁定件163b固定于所述第二端板12上。相对于图1及图2所述的方案，本申请的紧固件16固定连接于所述第一端板11的第三表面114及所述第二端板12的第五表面124，所述第一锁定件161b可借助第一端板11的厚度且设置于所述第一端板11的厚度方向上，无需占用第一端板11中第三表面114一侧的高度，也无需占用第一端板11中第四表面115一侧的高度；所述第二锁定件163b可借助第二端板12的厚度且设置于所述第二端板12的厚度方向上，无需占用第二端板12中第五表面124一侧的高度，也无需占用第六表面125一侧的高度，节约了更多的高度空间，有利于多个电池模组100的堆叠，提高电池模组100堆叠的空间利用率及稳固性。
可选地，所述紧固件16与所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12的组装方式为：所述紧固件16的第一固定部161从第一通槽113内插入，所述第一锁定件161b依次插入所述第一通 孔112及所述第一穿设孔161a，以将所述第一固定部161固定于所述第一端板11；所述紧固件16的第二固定部163从第二通槽123内插入，所述第二锁定件163b依次插入所述第二通孔122及所述第二穿设孔163a，以将所述第二固定部163固定于所述第二端板12。
可选地，所述第一锁定件161b可以为但不限于为螺丝、螺钉、螺杆及铆钉等中的至少一种；所述第二锁定件163b可以为但不限于为螺丝、螺钉、螺杆及铆钉等中的至少一种。
请参见图12，在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一紧固组件14的所述多个紧固件16依次弯折相连；所述第二紧固组件15的所述多个紧固件16依次弯折相连。
在本申请的实施例中，紧固件16的相背两端均固定于所述第一端板11或所述第二端板12上，相邻的两个紧固件16的连接处通过螺丝、螺钉、螺杆及铆钉中的至少一种固定于所述第一端板11或所述第二端板12上，相较于多个紧固件16沿所述第二方向依次间隔排布的方案，本申请提供的紧固件16依次首尾相连，所述多个紧固件16与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间形成多个稳定性更高的三角形，提高了所述紧固件16与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间的连接强度，继而提高了所述箱体10的稳定性。当多个所述电池30在充放电过程中发生膨胀时，所述箱体10对所述多个电池30的固定及限制膨胀的效果更好。
在一些具体的实施例中，第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15中的至少一个包括第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及第三紧固件166，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及所述第三紧固件166依次弯折连接形成一体结构。
在一些实施例中，第一紧固组件14包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及第三紧固件166。在另一些实施例中，第二紧固组件15包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及第三紧固件166。在又一些实施例中，第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15均包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及第三紧固件166。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及所述第三紧固件166与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间形成两个稳定性高的三角形，继而提高了所述紧固件16与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间的连接强度，继而提高了所述箱体10对所述多个电池30的紧固作用及限制膨胀作用。
在一具体实施例中，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165及第三紧固件166依次弯折连接形成“Z”型结构。具体地，所述第一紧固件164的相背两端固定于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述第三紧固件166的相背两端固定于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述第二紧固件165的一端与所述第一紧固件164连接，所述第二紧固件165的另一端与所述第三紧固件166连接，以此实现将所述紧固件16固定于所述第一端板11及第二端板12上。
可选地，所述多个紧固件16可以为一体成型结构，还可以为分别成型，再连接为一体结构。
请参见图13及图14，在本申请一些实施例中，第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15中的至少一个包括第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167依次弯折连接形成一体结构。
在一些实施例中，第一紧固组件14包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167。在另一些实施例中，第二紧固组件15包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167。在又一些实施例中，第一紧固组件14及第二紧固组件15均包括依次弯折连接形成一体结构的第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固件167与所述第一端板11及第二端板12之间形成多个稳定性较高的三角形，提高了所述紧固件16与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间的连接强度，继而提高了箱体10对所述多个电池30的紧固作用及限位作用。
在一具体实施例中，所述第一紧固件164、第二紧固件165、第三紧固件166及第四紧固 件167依次弯折连接形成“M”型结构。具体地，所述第一紧固件164的相背两端固定于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述第四紧固件167的相背两端固定于所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12，所述第二紧固件165的一端与所述第一紧固件164连接，所述第二紧固件165的另一端与所述第三紧固件166的一端连接，所述第三紧固件166的另一端与所述第四紧固件167连接。
可选地，所述多个紧固件16可以为一体成型结构，还可以为分别成型，再连接为一体结构。当所述多个紧固件16为一体成型结构时，有利于简化所述紧固件16的安装工艺，但所述一体成型结构加工难度大，容易造成加工材料的浪费。当所述多个紧固件16为分别成型，再连接为一体结构时，所述多个紧固件16的加工成本低，继而降低所述电池模组100的生产成本。
请参见图15及图16，在本申请一些实施例中，所述箱体10还包括多个限位件18，所述限位件18沿所述紧固件16的延伸方向排列，且设置于相邻的两个所述电池30之间，用于使相邻的两个所述电池30间隔设置；所述多个限位件18与所述紧固件16限位配合，以限定所述限位件18的位置。
可以理解地，所述紧固件16的延伸方向为所述紧固件16的长边方向，所述限位件18沿所述紧固件16的延伸方向排列，则所述限位件18沿所述紧固件16的长边方向排列。
在本申请的实施例中，所述多个限位件18与所述紧固件16限位配合，所述限位件18用于限制所述电池30的位置，使相邻的两个所述电池30间隔设置，所述紧固件16抵持所述限位件18，用于限定所述限位件18的位置，提高了对所述电池30的固定作用及限位作用。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述限位件18是绝缘的，所述限位件18的材料包括树脂、橡胶或塑料中的至少一种。在另一些实施例中，所述限位件18还可以为金属(例如铝、铁等)，且所述限位件18的表面涂布有绝缘材料，所述绝缘材料包括树脂、橡胶或塑料中的至少一种。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述多个限位件18间隔设置于所述紧固件16面向所述电池30的表面，且所述多个限位件18与所述紧固件16为一体结构；或者，所述限位件18卡接于所述紧固件16，以使所述限位件18与所述紧固件16之间限位配合。
可以理解地，所述限位件18与紧固件16的一体结构有利于加强对所述电池30的固定作用。在另一些实施例中，所述限位件18与紧固件16为分体结构，所述限位件18卡接于所述紧固件16，相对于限位件18与紧固件16为一体结构的方案，当所述限位件18与紧固件16为分体结构时，电池模组100的组装难度低，组装灵活度更高，且紧固件16的生产难度较低，有利于减小所述电池模组100的生产成本。
请参见图17及图18，在本申请一些实施例中，所述电池模组100还包括防火板50，所述防火板50设置于所述第一紧固组件14背离所述多个电池30的一侧，且连接所述第一紧固件164。在所述第一紧固组件14背离所述多个电池30的一侧设置防火板50，这样当所述电池模组100发生热失控时，所述防火板50可以防止火势蔓延。当所述多个电池模组100堆叠时，若其中一个电池模组100发生热失控，所述防火板50可以防止火势蔓延影响到其它电池模组100的正常工作，所述防火板50有利于提高所述电池模组100的安全性能。
可选地，所述防火板50通过螺丝、螺钉、螺杆及铆钉中的至少一种固定于所述紧固组件背离所述多个电池30的一侧。
可选地，所述防火板50包括云母防火板50、绝热玻璃棉板及包括防火层的金属板等中的至少一种。当所述防火板50为包括防火层的金属板时，所述金属板可以为但不限于为涂有陶瓷防火涂层的金属板、贴有陶瓷硅胶垫的金属板等。
请参见图17及图18，在本申请一些实施例中，所述箱体10还包括沿第二方向相背设置第一盖板20及第二盖板21，所述第一盖板20分别连接所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12；所述第二盖板21分别连接所述第一端板11及所述第二端板12。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一端板11、第二端板12、第一紧固组件14、第二紧固组件15、第一盖板20及第二盖板21围合成所述箱体10，所述箱体10用于收容所述多个电池30，并对多个所述电池30有固定作用及限制膨胀作用。其中，所述第一盖板20及所述第二 端板12有利于限制多个所述电池30在第二方向上的移动，有利于进一步提高所述箱体10对电池模组100的固定效果，提高所述电池模组100的稳定性。
可选地，所述第一端板11、第二端板12、第一盖板20及第二盖板21通过卡扣连接，便于电池模组100的拆卸，降低了所述电池模组100的维护成本。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述第一盖板20及所述第二盖板21上设置有密封结构，所述密封结构用于防止水汽等附着在所述电池模组100中的金属件(例如汇流排、高压铝排)等，继而造成电池模组100短路的现象。在本申请的实施例中，所述电池模组100未完全密闭，通过对所述电池模组100中容易受到水汽影响而造成电池模组100短路的部分进行局部密封，有利于提高所述电池模组100的安全性能及稳定性。
请参见图19，本申请实施方式还提供了一种储能设备200，所述储能设备200包括多个本申请提供的电池模组100，所述多个电池模组100通过串联、并联或混联的方式电连接。
本申请实施方式提供的储能设备200包括了多个本申请提供的电池模组100，所述多个电池模组100利用第一紧固组件14、第二紧固组件15实现了与所述第一端板11、第二端板12之间的可拆卸固定，无需更多的端板来对电池30进行固定，在减轻电池模组100的重量的同时减轻了电池模组100的生产成本，且所述电池模组100对于电池30的固定效果好，安全性能高。进一步地，所述储能设备200中电池模组100对于电池30的固定效果好，安全性能高，且所述储能设备200中电池模组100的结构件更少，有利于实现所述储能设备200的轻量化及降低储能成本。
请参见图20，本申请实施方式还提供了一种用电设备300，所述用电设备300包括设备本体310以及本申请提供的电池模组100，所述电池模组100为所述用电设备300供电。
本申请提供的用电设备300由本申请提供的电池模组100供电，所述电池模组100具有轻量化及成本较低的优势，且所述电池模组100安全性能较高，能为所述用电设备300提供稳定的电源，并降低所述用电设备300的生产成本。
可选地，所述用电设备300可以为但不限于为汽车、货车、卡车、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、摄像装置可穿戴设备(如智能手表、手环、VR设备等)、电视机、车载设备、电子阅读器等用电设备300。
在本申请中提及“实施例”“实施方式”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现所述短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。此外，还应该理解的是，本申请各实施例所描述的特征、结构或特性，在相互之间不存在矛盾的情况下，可以任意组合，形成又一未脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围的实施例。
最后应说明的是，以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照以上较佳实施方式对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本申请的技术方案进行修改或等同替换都不应脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电池模组，其包括多个电池以及箱体，所述箱体用于收容多个所述电池，所述箱体包括：
    第一端板；
    第二端板，所述第二端板与所述第一端板间隔设置；多个所述电池设置于所述第一端板与所述第二端板之间，每个所述电池具有沿第一方向上相背设置的第一表面及第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一端板，所述第二表面向所述第二端板，其中，所述第一方向为所述电池的厚度方向；
    第一紧固组件，所述第一紧固组件设置于所述第一端板及所述第二端板同一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板；以及
    第二紧固组件，所述第二紧固组件位于所述第一端板及所述第二端板背离所述第一紧固组件的另一侧，且分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板及所述第二端板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一端板具有间隔设置的多个第一镂空部，所述第二端板具有间隔设置的多个第二镂空部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其中，所述多个第一镂空部阵列排布或者所述第一端板为蜂窝结构；所述多个第二镂空部阵列排布或者所述第二端板为蜂窝结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一紧固组件和所述第二紧固组件中的至少一个包括：多个紧固件，每个所述紧固件的相背两端分别可拆卸固定所述第一端板与所述第二端板。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其中，所述多个紧固件沿第二方向依次间隔排布，其中，所述第二方向为所述第一端板的延伸方向或所述第二端板的延伸方向。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一端板或所述第二端板沿第三方向上的长度为L1，任意相邻两个紧固件之间的距离为L2满足0.9L1≤L2≤1.1L1，所述第三方向垂直于所述第二方向，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一端板的厚度方向或所述第二端板的厚度方向。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6任一项所述的电池模组，其中，每个所述紧固件包括依次弯折相连的第一固定部、连接部及第二固定部，所述第一固定部与所述第二固定部位于所述连接部的同一侧；所述第一固定部可拆卸固定于所述第一端板，所述第二固定部可拆卸固定于所述第二端板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一端板具有弯折相连的第三表面及第四表面，所述第三表面背离所述电池，所述第四表面面向所述紧固件，所述第一固定部具有第一穿设孔；所述第一端板还具有连通的第一通孔及第一通槽，所述第一通孔贯穿所述第三表面，所述第一通槽贯穿所述第四表面；所述第一固定部穿设于所述第一通槽；所述电池模组还包括第一锁定件，所述第一锁定件依次穿设于所述第一通孔及所述第一穿设孔，以将所述第一固定部可拆卸固定于所述第一端板；
    所述第二端板具有弯折相连的第五表面及第六表面，所述第五表面背离所述电池，所述第六表面面向所述紧固件，所述第二固定部具有第二穿设孔；所述第二端板还具有连通的第二通孔及第二通槽，所述第二通孔贯穿所述第五表面，所述第二通槽贯穿所述第六表面；所述第二固定部穿设于所述第二通槽；所述电池模组还包括第二锁定件，所述第二锁定件依次穿设于所述第二通孔及所述第二穿设孔，以将所述第二固定部可拆卸固定于所述第二端板。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一紧固组件的所述多个紧固件依次弯折相连；所述第二紧固组件的所述多个紧固件依次弯折相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一紧固组件及所述第二紧固组件中的至少一个包括第一紧固件、第二紧固件、第三紧固件及第四紧固件，所述第一紧固件、第二紧固件、第三紧固件及第四紧固件依次弯折连接形成一体结构。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其中，所述箱体还包括：
    多个限位件，所述限位件沿所述紧固件的延伸方向排列，且设置于相邻的两个所述电池 之间，用于使相邻的两个所述电池间隔设置；所述多个限位件与所述紧固件限位配合，以限定所述限位件的位置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池模组，其中，所述多个限位件间隔设置于所述紧固件面向所述电池的表面，且所述多个限位件与所述紧固件为一体结构；或者，所述限位件卡接于所述紧固件，以使所述限位件与所述紧固件之间限位配合。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述电池模组还包括防火板，所述防火板设置于所述第一紧固组件背离所述多个电池的一侧，且连接所述第一紧固件。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述箱体还包括沿第二方向相背设置第一盖板及第二盖板，所述第一盖板分别连接所述第一端板及所述第二端板；所述第二盖板分别连接所述第一端板及所述第二端板，其中，所述第二方向为所述第一端板或所述第二端板的延伸方向。
  15. 一种储能设备，其包括：
    多个权利要求1至14任一项所述的电池模组，所述多个电池模组通过串联、并联或混联的方式电连接。
  16. 一种用电设备，其包括：
    设备本体；以及
    权利要求1至14任一项所述的电池模组，所述电池模组为所述用电设备供电。
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