WO2024090194A1

WO2024090194A1 - Transmission device, transmission method, reception device, and reception method

Info

Publication number: WO2024090194A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/036689
Authority: WO
Inventors: 和幸高橋
Original assignee: ソニーグループ株式会社
Priority date: 2022-10-24
Filing date: 2023-10-10
Publication date: 2024-05-02

Abstract

The present technology pertains to a transmission device, a transmission method, a reception device, and a reception method that enable a process of the reception device to be easily performed. The transmission device generates and transmits a physical layer frame including, as information about a physical layer, process control information for controlling a process of the reception device during emergency warning broadcasting. The reception device receives the physical layer frame, and processes the physical layer frame in accordance with the process control information. The present technology can be applied to, for example, a transfer system capable of handling a broadcast scheme of a terrestrial digital television broadcast.

Description

Transmitting device, transmitting method, receiving device, and receiving method

This technology relates to a transmitting device, a transmitting method, a receiving device, and a receiving method, and in particular to a transmitting device, a transmitting method, a receiving device, and a receiving method that, for example, can facilitate processing by the receiving device.

For example, ISDB-T (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial), which is used in Japan and other countries as a broadcasting method for terrestrial digital television broadcasting, employs frequency division multiplexing (FDM) as a method for multiplexing broadcast signals (see, for example, non-patent document 1).

ISDB-T specifies high-definition broadcasting using 12 segments, which is primarily intended for fixed receivers, and "one-segment partial reception service for mobile phones and mobile terminals" (One Seg broadcasting), which is primarily intended for mobile receivers and uses one segment.

Currently, advanced methods for the next generation of terrestrial digital television broadcasting are being studied. These advanced methods will retain key technologies such as ISDB-T partial reception.

In addition, in terms of advanced methods, broadcasting systems that use multiplexing methods such as frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), and layered division multiplexing (LDM) are being considered.

As an advanced method, an emergency warning broadcasting system (EWS (Emergency Warning System)) that broadcasts emergency alerts is being considered.

There is a demand for receivers that are compatible with emergency alert broadcasts to facilitate processing related to emergency alert broadcasts.

This technology was developed in light of these circumstances, and makes it easier for receiving devices to process data.

The transmitting device of this technology is a transmitting device that includes a generating unit that generates a physical layer frame that includes processing control information that controls the processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting as physical layer information, and a transmitting unit that transmits the physical layer frame.

The transmission method of this technology includes generating a physical layer frame that contains processing control information for controlling the processing of a receiving device during an emergency alert broadcast as physical layer information, and transmitting the physical layer frame.

In the transmitting device and transmitting method of this technology, a physical layer frame is generated and transmitted that contains processing control information as physical layer information for controlling the processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting.

The receiving device of this technology is a receiving device that includes a receiving unit that receives a physical layer frame that contains processing control information as physical layer information for controlling the processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting, and a processing unit that processes the physical layer frame in accordance with the processing control information.

The receiving method of this technology includes receiving a physical layer frame that contains processing control information as physical layer information for controlling the processing of a receiving device during an emergency alert broadcast, and processing the physical layer frame in accordance with the processing control information.

In the receiving device and receiving method of this technology, a physical layer frame is received that contains processing control information as physical layer information for controlling the processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting, and the physical layer frame is processed according to the processing control information.

The transmitting device and the receiving device may each be an independent device, or may be internal blocks that make up a single device.

In addition, the transmitting device and receiving device can be realized by having a computer execute a program.

The program may be provided by recording it on a recording medium or by transmitting it via a transmission medium.

1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a transmission system to which the present technology is applied. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the data processing device and the transmission device shown in FIG. 1; 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a receiving device shown in FIG. 1; 1 is a diagram for explaining the concept of a configuration of a physical layer frame to which the present technology is applied. A figure showing a first example of the structure of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing a second example of the structure of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM). FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A diagram showing details of the physical layer frame structure for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a physical layer frame in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM). FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the current configuration of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and a P1 symbol (P1). 1 is a diagram showing an overview of the configuration of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and a P1 symbol (P1) of the present technology. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a comparison between the current configuration and the configuration of the present technology. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the value of g and the FFT size, samples, maximum transmission rate, and robust transmission rate. This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 512. This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 1024. This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 2048. This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 4096. This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 8192. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hierarchical configuration when partial band reception is performed using frequency division multiplexing (FDM). This graph shows the relationship between BLER and SNR when FFT = 1024 when receiving partial bands using frequency division multiplexing (FDM). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and a P1 symbol (P1) of the present technology. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the FFT size, samples per symbol, maximum transmission rate, robust transmission rate, number of symbols, maximum number of bits, and total samples. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing a first example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a second example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a first example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of layered division multiplexing (LDM). A figure showing a second example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a synchronization pattern of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS). A diagram showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing an example of P1_P2_waveform_structure in Figure 29. A figure showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing an example of the P1_P2_waveform_structure of Figure 31. A figure showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). A figure showing an example of the P1_P2_waveform_structure of Figure 33. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a combination of an FFT size and a GI. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a combination of an FFT size, a GI, and a pilot pattern. A diagram showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in Figure 37. A figure showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in Figure 39. A figure showing an example of P1 signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). A figure showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in Figure 41. A diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM). A diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). A figure showing an example of P1 signaling syntax when commonized. A diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax in a common case. A figure showing a first example of L1D signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing a second example of L1D signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM). A figure showing a first example of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a second example (layer A) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a second example (layer B) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a third example (layer A) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a third example (layer B) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM). A figure showing a first example of syntax for L1D signaling in the case of hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). A figure showing a second example of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) (layer k). A figure showing a second example of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) (layer k+1). A figure showing a third example of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) (layer k). A figure showing a third example of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) (layer k+1). 1 is a diagram showing an example of a concentrated arrangement of L1 signaling in a physical layer frame to which the present technology is applied. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating examples of arrangements of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS), a P1 symbol (P1), and a P2 symbol (P2) in the case of a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) system and a hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) system. 1 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM). FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM). 1 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM). FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to a first solution method (synchronization pattern solution method). 11 is a flowchart illustrating the processing flow on the transmitting side and receiving side corresponding to the first solution method (P1 signaling solution method). 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the second solution method. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the third solution method (compatible with FDM). 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the third solution method (compatible with LDM). FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of an example of the configuration of a physical layer frame in a time division multiplexing (TDM) system. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of an example of the configuration of a TDM frame in which subframes are converted into FDM frames. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an overview of another example of the configuration of an FDM-converted TDM frame. 13 is a diagram showing details of another example configuration of an FDM-converted TDM frame. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling TDM frames (including FDM-converted TDM frames). 10 is a diagram for explaining the processing of an FDM-converted TDM frame by a receiving device 30. FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a first suppression method. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a second suppression method. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a third suppression method. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a fourth suppression method. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a fifth suppression method. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by a transmitting device 20 when a partial reception service is provided using first to fifth FDM-converted TDM frames. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing by the receiving device 30 when a partial reception service is provided using first to fifth FDM-converted TDM frames. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an FDM-processed P2 symbol placed in an FDM-processed TDM frame. FIG. A figure showing an example of syntax for P1-1 signaling. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of emergency_warning. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of band_width. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of partial_reception_flag. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of next_frame. A figure showing an example of syntax for P1-2 signaling. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_fec_type. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_fft_size. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_cp_pattern. A diagram illustrating an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_guard_interval. A diagram showing an example of syntax for L1B signaling (P2 basic information). A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2B_Detail_fec_type. A diagram showing an example of syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information). A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_ntp_leap_indicator. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_fft_size. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_guard_interval. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_num_subsegments. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_carrier_modulation. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_constellation_type. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_code_length. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_code_rate. A figure showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_time_interleaving_length. A diagram showing an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_data_boost. A diagram showing an example of Auxiliary_data () syntax. A diagram showing an example of the syntax of P2 signaling (P2 information) that combines L1B signaling (P2 basic information) and L1D signaling (P2 detailed information). FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of an FEC type. A figure showing a first example of syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information. A figure showing an example of allocation of 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes. A figure showing a second example of syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information. A figure showing an example of allocation of a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes. A figure showing a third example of syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information. A figure showing an example of allocation of 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes. A figure showing a fourth example of syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information. A figure showing an example of allocation of a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes. A figure showing an example of the syntax of integrated P2 signaling including specific information. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling a physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing of the transmitting device 20 when broadcasting in a shared broadcasting system is performed using a physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing of the receiving device 30 when broadcasting in a shared broadcasting system is performed using a physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1. A figure showing an example of syntax for P1 signaling including state information. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the semantics of 2-bit emergency_warning, which is state information. A figure showing an example of P2 signaling syntax including subframe information. A figure showing an example of the semantics of the 3-bit P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is subframe information. A figure showing an example of settings of emergency_warning, which is status information, and P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is subframe information. A figure showing another example of settings of emergency_warning, which is state information, and P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is subframe information. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling a physical layer frame including processing control information as physical layer information. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing of the transmitting device 20 when broadcasting in a shared broadcasting system is performed using a physical layer frame including processing control information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing of the receiving device 30 when broadcasting in a shared broadcasting system is performed using a physical layer frame including processing control information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a computer.

(Example of a transmission system configuration)
1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a transmission system to which the present technology is applied. Note that the term "system" refers to a logical collection of multiple devices.

In FIG. 1, the transmission system 1 is composed of data processing devices 10-1 to 10-N (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1) installed in facilities related to each broadcasting station, a transmitting device 20 installed at a transmitting station, and receiving devices 30-1 to 30-M (M is an integer equal to or greater than 1) owned by end users.

In addition, in this transmission system 1, the data processing devices 10-1 to 10-N and the transmitting device 20 are connected via communication lines 40-1 to 40-N. Note that the communication lines 40-1 to 40-N can be, for example, dedicated lines.

The data processing device 10-1 processes content such as broadcast programs produced by broadcasting station A, and transmits the resulting transmission data to the transmitting device 20 via the communication line 40-1.

In data processing devices 10-2 through 10-N, similar to data processing device 10-1, content such as broadcast programs produced by each broadcasting station, such as broadcasting station B and broadcasting station Z, is processed, and the resulting transmission data is transmitted to transmitting device 20 via communication lines 40-2 through 40-N.

Transmitting device 20 receives transmission data transmitted from data processing devices 10-1 to 10-N on the broadcasting station side via communication lines 40-1 to 40-N. Transmitting device 20 processes the transmission data from data processing devices 10-1 to 10-N, and transmits the resulting broadcast signal from a transmitting antenna installed at the transmitting station.

As a result, the broadcast signal from the transmitting device 20 at the transmitting station is transmitted to the receiving devices 30-1 through 30-M via the broadcast transmission path 50.

The receiving devices 30-1 to 30-M are fixed receivers such as television receivers, set-top boxes (STBs), recorders, game consoles, and network storage, or mobile receivers such as smartphones, mobile phones, and tablet computers. The receiving devices 30-1 to 30-M may also be in-vehicle devices mounted on vehicles, such as in-vehicle televisions, or wearable computers such as head mounted displays (HMDs).

The receiving device 30-1 receives and processes the broadcast signal transmitted from the transmitting device 20 via the broadcast transmission path 50, thereby reproducing content such as a broadcast program in response to a channel selection operation by the end user.

In the receiving devices 30-2 to 30-M, the broadcast signal from the transmitting device 20 is processed in the same manner as in the receiving device 30-1, and content is played back according to the channel selection operation by the end user.

In addition, in the transmission system 1, the broadcast transmission path 50 may be, in addition to terrestrial waves (terrestrial broadcasting), for example, satellite broadcasting using a broadcasting satellite (BS: Broadcasting Satellite) or a communications satellite (CS: Communications Satellite), or wired broadcasting using a cable (CATV: Common Antenna TeleVision).

In the following description, the data processing devices 10-1 to 10-N on the broadcasting station side will be referred to as data processing devices 10 unless there is a need to distinguish them. Furthermore, the receiving devices 30-1 to 30-M will be referred to as receiving devices 30 unless there is a need to distinguish them.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of the data processing device 10 and the transmission device 20 in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 2, the data processing device 10 is composed of a component processing unit 111, a signaling generation unit 112, a multiplexer 113, and a data processing unit 114.

The component processing unit 111 processes the component data that constitutes the content of a broadcast program or the like, and supplies the resulting component stream to the multiplexer 113. Here, the component data is, for example, video, audio, subtitles, etc., and processing such as encoding that complies with a predetermined encoding method is performed on this data.

The signaling generation unit 112 generates signaling used in higher layer processing such as content selection and playback, and supplies it to the multiplexer 113. The signaling generation unit 112 also generates signaling used in physical layer processing, and supplies it to the data processing unit 114.

Signaling is also referred to as control information. In the following explanation, the signaling used in physical layer processing is referred to as physical layer signaling (L1 signaling), while the signaling used in upper layer processing, which is a layer higher than the physical layer, is referred to as upper layer signaling to distinguish between the two.

The multiplexer 113 multiplexes the component stream supplied from the component processing unit 111 and the higher layer signaling stream supplied from the signaling generation unit 112, and supplies the resulting stream to the data processing unit 114. Note that other streams such as applications and time information may also be multiplexed here.

The data processing unit 114 processes the stream supplied from the multiplexer 113 to generate packets (frames) in a specified format. The data processing unit 114 also processes the packets in the specified format and the physical layer signaling from the signaling generation unit 112 to generate transmission data, which it then transmits to the transmitting device 20 via the communication line 40.

In FIG. 2, the transmitting device 20 is composed of a data processing unit 211 and a modulation unit 212.

The data processing unit 211 receives and processes the transmission data sent from the data processing device 10 via the communication line 40, and extracts the resulting packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information.

The data processing unit 211 processes packets (frames) in a specified format and physical layer signaling information to generate physical layer frames (physical layer frames) that conform to a specified broadcasting format, and supplies them to the modulation unit 212.

The modulation unit 212 performs the necessary processing (modulation processing) on the physical layer frame supplied from the data processing unit 211, and transmits the resulting broadcast signal from a transmitting antenna installed at the transmitting station.

The data processing device 10 and the transmission device 20 are configured as described above.

(Configuration of the receiving device)
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the receiving device 30 in FIG.

In FIG. 3, the receiving device 30 is composed of an RF unit 311, a demodulation unit 312, and a data processing unit 313.

The RF unit 311 is composed of, for example, a tuner. The RF unit 311 performs necessary processing on the broadcast signal received via the antenna 321, and supplies the resulting signal to the demodulation unit 312.

The demodulation unit 312 is composed of, for example, a demodulation LSI (Large Scale Integration) and the like. The demodulation unit 312 performs demodulation processing on the signal supplied from the RF unit 311. In this demodulation processing, for example, a physical layer frame is processed in accordance with physical layer signaling, and a packet in a predetermined format is obtained. The packet obtained by the demodulation processing is supplied to the data processing unit 313.

The data processing unit 313 is composed of, for example, a main SoC (System On Chip) or the like. The data processing unit 313 performs predetermined processing on the packets supplied from the demodulation unit 312. Here, for example, stream decoding processing and playback processing are performed based on higher layer signaling contained in the packets.

The video, audio, subtitles, and other data obtained by processing in the data processing unit 313 is output to a downstream circuit. As a result, the receiving device 30 plays back content such as a broadcast program, and outputs the video and audio.

The receiving device 30 is configured as described above.

As mentioned above, ISDB-T is the broadcasting standard used for terrestrial digital television broadcasting in Japan (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 above).

Meanwhile, in Japan, studies have begun on upgrading the next generation of terrestrial digital television broadcasting. The current ISDB-T standard uses frequency division multiplexing (FDM) as the method for multiplexing broadcast signals.

For the next generation of terrestrial digital television broadcasting, several broadcasting systems using multiplexing methods, such as Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), and Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM), are being considered.

However, currently, no technical method has been established for implementing multiple multiplexing methods on the same broadcasting system, and there has been a demand for proposals for more flexible operation when multiple multiplexing methods are implemented on the same broadcasting system.

To meet these demands, this technology proposes the following three solutions.

First, when multiple multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) are implemented in the same broadcasting system, there is a problem in that it is not possible to distinguish between the multiplexing methods. This problem is solved by the first solution method.

In other words, in the first solution, in the physical layer frame, a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS: Frame Sync Symbol) is used with different synchronization patterns, or a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS) with the same synchronization pattern is used, but the P1 signaling information of the P1 symbol (Preamble 1 Symbol) is used to distinguish the multiplexing method.

In the following explanation, the first solution method will be referred to as the synchronization pattern solution method, and the latter as the P1 signaling solution method.

Secondly, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is adopted, such as in the current ISDB-T, L1 signaling such as TMCC (Transmission Multiplexing Configuration Control) information is distributed in the physical layer frame, which means that the receiving device 30 always requires one frame to achieve synchronization. This issue is resolved by the second solution method.

In other words, in the second solution, L1 signaling is concentrated at the beginning of the physical layer frame, allowing the receiving device 30 to quickly acquire L1 signaling and shorten the time it takes to achieve synchronization.

Thirdly, with current technology, the payload of a physical layer frame can be converted to frequency division multiplexing (FDM) or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) by applying FDM or LDM, but the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and preamble cannot be converted to FDM or LDM. This issue is addressed by the third solution method.

In other words, in the third solution, in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), the preamble can be converted to FDM or LDM by placing a P2 symbol (Preamble 2 Symbol) for each layer.

For example, in ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) 3.0, one of the broadcasting standards for next-generation terrestrial digital television broadcasting, the payload of the physical layer frame can be converted to FDM or LDM.

In this way, this technology uses the above three solutions (technical features) to enable more flexible operation when implementing multiple multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) in the same broadcasting system.

Below, the solution (technical features) of this technology will be explained with reference to specific embodiments. However, in the following explanation, the configuration of the physical layer frame will be explained first, and then the three solution methods will be explained.

(Frame composition concept)
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the concept of the configuration of a physical layer frame to which the present technology is applied.

A physical layer frame using this technology consists of one Frame Sync Symbol (FSS), one or more P1 symbols (P1: Preamble 1 Symbol(s)), one or more P2 symbols (P2: Preamble 2 Symbol(s)), and one or more data symbols.

The frame synchronization symbol (FSS) is inserted at the beginning of the physical layer frame. The frame synchronization symbol (FSS) can be configured to be robust.

The P1 symbol (P1) is the first preamble (Preamble 1), and the P2 symbol (P2) is the second preamble (Preamble 2).

Here, for example, the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the P1 symbol (P1) correspond to the bootstrap that constitutes the physical layer frame defined in ATSC3.0, and the P2 symbol (P2) corresponds to the preamble (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2 below).

Non-patent document 2: ATSC Standard: A/321, System Discovery and Signaling

The P1 symbol (P1) and the P2 symbol (P2) comprise physical layer signaling (L1 signaling). Here, the signaling of the P1 symbol (P1) is referred to as P1 signaling, and the signaling of the P2 symbol (P2) is referred to as P2 signaling.

P2 signaling can also be divided into a fixed-length portion, L1-Basic (hereafter also referred to as L1B signaling), and a variable-length portion, L1-Detail (hereafter also referred to as L1D signaling). Details of P1 signaling and P2 signaling will be described later.

Data is composed of multiple data symbols. In addition, boundary symbols (BS) indicating frame boundaries are placed in the data as necessary.

The physical layer frame to which this technology is applied can be configured as described above.

In the physical layer frame shown in FIG. 4, for example, the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the P1 symbol (P1) can be the (OFDM) symbol (or a symbol similar to it) disclosed in the above-mentioned non-patent document 2, and the P2 symbol (P2) and data (data symbol) can be the OFDM symbol. Here, in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), a large number of orthogonal subcarriers are provided within the transmission band, and digital modulation is performed.

The concept of the physical layer frame configuration shown in Figure 4 is the same regardless of whether a time division multiplexing method (TDM), frequency division multiplexing method (FDM), or hierarchical division multiplexing method (LDM) is used. Below, the details of the physical layer frame configuration are explained for each of these multiplexing methods.

(1) Physical layer frame structure of time division multiplexing (TDM)

(First Configuration Example)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a first example of the structure of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

Time division multiplexing (TDM) is a multiplexing method that arranges multiple broadcast signals in time so that they can be transmitted over a single transmission path.

In Figure 5, the direction from left to right in the figure is the direction of frequency (Freq), and the direction from top to bottom in the figure is the direction of time (Time), and shows the structure of a physical layer frame when using time division multiplexing (TDM).

In Figure 5, the physical layer frames are transmitted in chronological order, with a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) inserted at the beginning of each physical layer frame. Here, we explain the structure of physical layer frame n (Frame n) as a representative of the multiple physical layer frames transmitted in chronological order.

The physical layer frame n in Figure 5 consists of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS), a P1 symbol (P1), a P2 symbol (P2), a frame (Frame), and a boundary symbol (BS). In physical layer frame n, after acquiring the P1 symbol and P2 symbol (their L1 signaling), it is possible to acquire the subsequent frame.

In addition, in the physical layer frame n in Figure 5, the frame (Frame) as a data symbol and the boundary symbol (BS) correspond to data (Data). Here, the boundary symbol represents the symbol inserted at the end of the frame.

Note that in Figure 5, the configuration of physical layer frame n has been explained as a representative example of multiple physical layer frames, but other physical layer frames such as physical layer frame n+1 are also configured in the same way and are transmitted in chronological order.

(Second Configuration Example)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a second example of the structure of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

In Figure 6, physical layer frame n differs from physical layer frame n in Figure 5 in that one or more subframes (SubFrame) are arranged instead of one frame (Frame). Physical layer frame n in Figure 6 has two subframes arranged: subframe n (SubFrame n) and subframe n+1 (SubFrame n+1).

In physical layer frame n in Figure 6, after acquiring the P1 symbol and P2 symbol (L1 signaling), it is possible to acquire the subsequent subframe n and subframe n+1.

Here, when two or more subframes are arranged in the physical layer frame n in FIG. 6, the modulation parameters such as the FFT size, guard interval length, pilot pattern, etc., can be changed for each subframe.

In addition, a subframe boundary symbol is inserted into each subframe, representing the symbol to be inserted at the beginning and end of the subframe. In physical layer frame n, the subframe as a data symbol and the subframe boundary symbol correspond to data.

When using time division multiplexing (TDM), the physical layer frame can be constructed as shown above.

(2) Physical layer frame structure for frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(Frame configuration example)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is a multiplexing method that divides the frequency band that transmits multiple broadcast signals so that they can be transmitted over a single transmission path.

In Figure 7, the direction from left to right in the figure is the direction of frequency (Freq), and the direction from top to bottom in the figure is the direction of time (Time), showing the structure of a physical layer frame when using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In Figure 7, the physical layer frames are transmitted in chronological order, with a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) inserted at the beginning of each physical layer frame, followed by a P1 symbol (P1).

Furthermore, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, a given frequency band (e.g. 6 MHz) is frequency-divided into multiple segments. One or more segments are then grouped together to form a layer. For example, in Figure 7, the frequency is divided into 35 segments, with the central 9 segments in the figure forming Layer A, and the remaining segments on the left and right forming Layer B.

In the physical layer frame n in Figure 7, a P2 symbol (P2), a frame (Frame) as a data symbol, and a boundary symbol (BS) are placed for each layer, layer A and layer B.

Here, Fig. 8 shows the detailed configuration of the physical layer frame in Fig. 7. In Fig. 8, the P2 symbols, data symbols, and boundary symbols for each layer, layer A and layer B, are shown in segment units, represented by squares in the figure.

In other words, in Figure 8, when the frequency is divided into 35 segments using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), for example, the central layer A is made up of 9 segments, and the left and right layers B are made up of the remaining 26 segments. Note that each segment, represented by a square in the figure, is made up of the same number of subcarriers.

When using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), the physical layer frame can be constructed as shown above.

(3) Physical layer frame structure of hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM)

(Frame configuration example)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a physical layer frame in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM).

Hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) is a multiplexing method that divides multiple broadcast signals into different hierarchical powers so that they can be transmitted over a single transmission path.

In Figure 9, the structure of the physical layer frame when using hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) is shown in three dimensions, xyz. However, in Figure 9, the x direction in the figure is the direction of power, the y direction in the figure is the direction of frequency (Freq), and the z direction in the figure is the direction of time.

In Figure 9, the physical layer frames are transmitted in chronological order, with a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) inserted at the beginning of each physical layer frame, followed by a P1 symbol (P1).

When using layer division multiplexing (LDM), a P2 symbol (P2), a frame (Frame) as a data symbol, and a boundary symbol (BS) are arranged for each layer with a different transmission power. For example, in the physical layer frame n in Figure 9, a P2 symbol, a data symbol, and a boundary symbol are arranged for each of the two layers, Layer k and Layer k+1.

When using hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), the physical layer frame can be constructed as above.

In the explanation of this specification, the same term "layer" is used for frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), but the meanings of these "layers" are technically different. Here, in the explanation of this specification, when it is clear which system's layer it is, the term "layer" is used without making any distinction. On the other hand, when it is necessary to particularly distinguish between the terms "layer," the layer of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) will be described as the "FDM layer," and the layer of hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) will be described as the "LDM layer."

(4) Structure of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1)

Next, the configuration of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the P1 symbol (P1) in the physical layer frame will be explained with reference to Figures 10 to 22.

(Current configuration of FSS and P1)
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the current configuration of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and a P1 symbol (P1).

The CAB and BCA structures shown in Figure 10 correspond to the Bootstrap configuration defined in ATSC3.0 (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2 above). Here, the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) has a CAB structure, while the P1 symbol (P1) has a BCA structure. In other words, ATSC3.0 specifies that one physical layer frame contains one frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and three P1 symbols (P1).

However, in the CAB structure of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) in Figure 10, the sample in part C is set to 520, the sample in part A is set to 2048, and the sample in part B is set to 504. Similarly, in the BCA structure of the P1 symbol (P1) in Figure 10, the sample in part B is set to 504, the sample in part C is set to 520, and the sample in part A is set to 2048.

(FSS and P1 configuration of this technology)
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and a P1 symbol (P1) according to the present technology.

In Figure 11, in the CAB structure of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS), when the samples in the C, A, and B parts are 520g, 2048g, and 504g, respectively, the configuration of this technology mainly ensures that g = 0.5. On the other hand, in the BCA structure of the P1 symbol (P1), when the samples in the B, C, and A parts are 504g, 520g, and 2048g, respectively, the configuration of this technology mainly ensures that g = 0.5.

In other words, by setting g = 0.5, the symbol lengths of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the P1 symbol (P1) can be halved, achieving high efficiency in the physical layer frame.

Specifically, in the CAB structure of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS), the sample of part C can be 260, the sample of part A can be 1024, and the sample of part B can be 252. Similarly, in the BCA structure of the P1 symbol (P1), the sample of part B can be 252, the sample of part C can be 260, and the sample of part A can be 1024. Parts B and C are constructed by copying or frequency shifting the last part and another part of part A, respectively.

In addition, the configuration of this technology reduces the number of P1 symbols from three to two compared to the ATSC3.0 configuration, so that one physical layer frame contains one frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and two P1 symbols (P1). In other words, the configuration of this technology reduces the efficiency to 3/4 compared to the ATSC3.0 configuration.

In Figure 12, the upper part shows the ATSC3.0 configuration as the configuration of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1), while the lower part shows the configuration of this technology.

In Figure 12, the configuration of this technology in the lower row has half the length of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1) compared to the ATSC3.0 configuration in the upper row, and the number of P1 symbols has been reduced from three to two. Therefore, the configuration of this technology in the lower row can reduce the transmission time to 3/8 (1/2 x 3/4) the time compared to the ATSC3.0 configuration in the upper row.

Here, Figure 13 shows the relationship between the value of g and the FFT size, samples, maximum transmission speed (Max bps), and robust transmission speed (Robust bps).

In Figure 13, the values of FFT size, samples, maximum transmission speed, and robust transmission speed increase or decrease depending on the value of g. As described above, in the configuration of this technology, by setting g = 0.5, FFT size = 1024, samples = 1536, maximum transmission speed = 10 bps, and robust transmission speed = 6 bps or 7 bps, it is possible to improve efficiency compared to the ATSC3.0 configuration (g = 1.0). Here, of the 1536 samples, 1024 samples, 252 samples, and 260 samples are parts A, B, and C, respectively. Since parts B and C are copies or frequency shifts of the last part of A, the part that is subject to IFFT is only part A of 1024 samples, and IFFT can be performed with FFT size = 1024.

Although a maximum of 10 bps is theoretically possible for robust transmission speeds, channel noise and other factors can cause insufficient correlation between received signals, so in practice, operation is limited to 3 or 4 bps with back-off. In the ATSC3.0 configuration, the maximum theoretical speed is 11 bps, but in practice, operation is limited to 8 bps. On the other hand, in the configuration of this technology, operation can be limited to, for example, 6 bps, although the maximum theoretical speed is 10 bps.

Furthermore, to prove that g = 0.5 is an optimal value for g, the inventors of this technology performed a simulation to obtain the SNR (Symbol to Noise Ratio) for each FFT size shown in Figure 13. The results of this simulation are shown in Figures 14 to 18.

In this simulation, it is assumed that the receiving device 30 receives the entire frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) assigned to the channel. In addition, in Figures 14 to 18, the horizontal axis represents SNR (Symbol to Noise Ratio) and the vertical axis represents BLER (Block Error Rate).

In addition, in Figures 14 to 18, the a in [a, b, c] shown with different line types as simulation results represents the number of bits in the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) of the 1st (OFDM) symbol, and the other symbols such as b and c represent the number of bits in the P1 symbol (P1) from the 2nd (OFDM) symbol onwards. As the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) has no information, it is all set to 0 bits. Also, the number of bits in the P1 symbol (P1) is set to 2 to 12 bits, etc.

Fig. 14 shows a simulation result in the case where the FFT size is 512. In the simulation result in Fig. 14, when the BLER is 1.0×10 ^-3 (1.0E-03), the SNR is -6 dB.

Fig. 15 shows a simulation result in the case where the FFT size is 1024. In the simulation result in Fig. 15, when the BLER is 1.0×10 ^-3 (1.0E-03), the SNR is -7.6 dB.

Fig. 16 shows a simulation result in the case where the FFT size is 2048. In the simulation result in Fig. 16, when the BLER is 1.0×10 ^-3 (1.0E-03), the SNR is -9.6 dB.

Fig. 17 shows a simulation result in the case where the FFT size is 4096. In the simulation result in Fig. 17, when the BLER is 1.0×10 ^-3 (1.0E-03), the SNR is -10.8 dB.

Fig. 18 shows a simulation result in the case where the FFT size is 8192. In the simulation result in Fig. 18, when the BLER is 1.0×10 ^-3 (1.0E-03), the SNR is -12.5 dB.

Here, the ATSC3.0 configuration corresponds to the simulation result when g = 1.0, i.e., FFT size = 2048 (Figure 16), so the SNR is -9.6 dB. On the other hand, the configuration of this technology corresponds to the simulation result when g = 0.5, i.e., FFT size = 1024 (Figure 15), so the SNR is -7.6 dB.

As for the SNR, a value of around -7.6 dB is usually sufficient, and -9.6 dB is not necessary. In other words, g = 1.0, which is used in the ATSC3.0 configuration, is over-specified, and sufficient performance can be obtained with g = 0.5. For this reason, g = 0.5 is considered to be optimal for the configuration of this technology.

Although it has been explained here that g = 0.5 is suitable from the viewpoint of shortening transmission time, in the configuration of the physical layer frame of this technology, values other than 0.5, such as g = 0.25, 1.00, 2.00, 4.00, etc., may be used as the value of g.

Furthermore, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used as the multiplexing method, the receiving device 30 receives the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the P1 symbol (P1) in a partial band. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, a predetermined frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) assigned to a channel is frequency-divided into multiple segments.

In the example of Figure 19, with frequency in the horizontal direction, the hierarchy (FDM hierarchy) is made up of segments represented by squares in the frequency band (for example, 6 MHz) between the upper and lower frequency limits. In Figure 19, the frequency is divided into 35 segments.

Here, of the 35 segments, the central segment in the diagram is designated segment #0, the segments to the left and right of that are designated segments #1 and #2, and the segments to the left and right of that are designated segments #3 and #4. If we continue this process, the leftmost segment in the diagram (lower frequency limit side) will be segment #33, and the rightmost segment in the diagram (upper frequency limit side) will be segment #34.

Furthermore, a hierarchy is formed by combining one or more segments. In Figure 19, Layer A is formed from nine segments, segments #0 to #8. Furthermore, Layer B is formed from a total of 26 segments, including 13 segments, segments #10, #12, ..., #32, #34, and 13 segments, segments #9, #11, ..., #31, #33.

In this way, a hierarchy is made up of one or more segments, and for example, data of a different broadcast service can be transmitted for each hierarchy. For example, when receiving data of a broadcast service transmitted in hierarchy A, the receiving device 30 receives only the frequency band of hierarchy A by using a partial band filter (Figure 19).

In other words, in the receiving device 30, of the entire frequency band assigned to the channel, only the partial band corresponding to hierarchy A is received, and the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1) are received in the partial band. In other words, the partial band corresponding to hierarchy A is 9/35 of the entire frequency band.

Here, the inventors of this technology performed a simulation to obtain the SNR when the FFT size = 1024 in order to prove that g = 0.5 is suitable as the value of g even when the partial band corresponding to hierarchical A is set to 9/35 of the full band (approximately 1/4 of the band). The results of this simulation are shown in Figure 20.

In Fig. 20, the horizontal axis represents SNR and the vertical axis represents BLER, as in Figs. 14 to 18 described above. Fig. 20 also shows five patterns of simulation results. That is, a, b, and c in [a, b, c], which are represented by different line types, represent the number of bits of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS), the number of bits of the first P1 symbol (P1), and the number of bits of the second P1 symbol (P1), respectively.

The frame synchronization symbol (FSS) contains no information, so it is all 0 bits. The number of bits in the P1 symbol (P1) is set to 4 to 7 bits. That is, for example, [0, 5, 5] is 0 bits of FSS, 5 bits of P1, and 5 bits of P1, totaling 10 bits of information. Similarly, [0, 5, 4] is 9 bits of information, [0, 4, 4] is 8 bits of information, [0, 6, 6] is 12 bits of information, and [0, 7, 7] is 14 bits of information.

In the simulation results in Fig. 20, when BLER = 1.0 x ^10-3 (1.0E-03), an SNR of about -4 dB is obtained. That is, when comparing the partial band (9/35 band) simulation result (Fig. 20) for g = 0.5 with the full band simulation result (Fig. 15) described above, the SNR when BLER = 1.0 x ^10-3 (1.0E-03) drops from -7.6 dB to about -4 dB.

However, an SNR of around -4 dB is usually within the acceptable range and sufficient performance can be obtained. Therefore, even if the partial band corresponding to hierarchical A is set to 9/35 of the total band, it can be said that a value of g of g = 0.5 is optimal.

Also, based on the various simulation results mentioned above, taking robustness into consideration, one symbol can be 6 bits. However, in practice, by having a 4-bit backoff, it is possible to operate with 6 bits, with a maximum of 10 bits.

On the other hand, when considering the information to be transmitted from the transmitting device 20 on the transmitting side to the receiving device 30 on the receiving side, 6 bits are insufficient, so two P1 symbols are required. This makes it possible to transmit information with a 12-bit (6 bits x 2) P1 symbol. The structure of such a P1 symbol is shown in Figure 21.

In other words, in Figure 21, one physical layer frame is composed of one frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and two P1 symbols. As such, it can be seen that using two P1 symbols is preferable not only from the standpoint of efficiency but also from the standpoint of the number of bits per (OFDM) symbol. Note that Figure 21 shows a configuration with FFT size = 1024 (1K) and a configuration with FFT size = 2048 (2K), but as mentioned earlier, sufficient performance can be obtained with the configuration with FFT size = 1024.

The above can be summarized as shown in Figure 22. Figure 22 shows the relationship between FFT size, samples per symbol (Samples Per sym), maximum transmission speed (Max bps), robust transmission speed (Robust bps), number of symbols (#Syms), maximum number of bits (Maxbits), and total samples (Total Samples).

In other words, in the configuration of this technology, the optimal value of g is g = 0.5, and the following can be set: FFT size = 1024, samples per symbol = 1536, maximum transmission speed = 10 bps, robust transmission speed = 6 bps, number of symbols = 3, maximum number of bits = 12 bits (6 bits x 2), total number of samples = 4608 (1536 x 3).

As shown in Figure 12, the number of samples per symbol is 1536, which is obtained by setting g = 0.5 and halving the symbol lengths of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1). Also, as shown in Figure 12, the number of symbols is three, with one frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and two P1 symbols (P1) in one physical layer frame. Furthermore, the maximum number of bits is set to 12 bits because, when one symbol is 6 bits, two P1 symbols will be 12 bits, taking into account the information to be sent from the transmitter to the receiver.

For example, if the sampling frequency is 6.912 MHz, and the FFT size = 1024 (1K), the time per symbol is 0.222 ms (= 1/6.912 MHz x 1536 samples), so for 3 symbols it is 0.666 ms. On the other hand, if the FFT size = 2048 (2K), and the sampling frequency is 6.912 MHz, it is 1.33 ms (= 1/6.912 MHz x 3072 samples x 3 (OFDM) symbols). Note that although 6.912 MHz is used as the sampling frequency here, other sampling frequencies may also be used.

(5) Composition of the P2 symbol (P2)

Next, the configuration of the P2 symbol of the physical layer frame will be explained with reference to Figures 23 to 27. Note that the configuration of the P2 symbol differs depending on the multiplexing method, so the following explains the configuration of the P2 symbol in the order of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(Example of configuration for TDM)
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

The P2 symbol is an OFDM symbol and includes L1B signaling and L1D signaling. Here, FIG. 23 shows the case where one P2 symbol is placed in one physical layer frame and the case where two P2 symbols are placed in one physical layer frame.

When one P2 symbol is placed, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the P2 symbol, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail). Data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol.

On the other hand, when two P2 symbols are placed, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the first P2 symbol, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail). In this case, since the variable-length L1D signaling does not fit within the first P2 symbol, the remaining part of the L1D signaling is placed in the second P2 symbol. In addition, data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the second P2 symbol.

In the case of a configuration in which one or more subframes are arranged in a physical layer frame, as shown in Figure 6, all L1 signaling (including L1B signaling and L1D signaling) is arranged before the first subframe.

(First configuration example for FDM)
FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a first example of the configuration of a P2 symbol in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

Here, Figure 24 shows the cases where one P2 symbol is placed and two P2 symbols are placed in one physical layer frame when Layer A and Layer B are configured using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

When one P2 symbol is placed, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchy A, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail). In addition, data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchy A.

In other words, when one P2 symbol is placed and is configured with multiple hierarchical layers, L1B signaling and L1D signaling are included only in hierarchical layer A, which contains the central segment. Note that in the P2 symbol, only data (Payload Data) is placed in hierarchical layers B on the left and right.

On the other hand, when two P2 symbols are placed, in the first P2 symbol, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the part corresponding to layer A, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail).

In this case, since the variable length L1D signaling does not fit into the portion of the first P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchy A, the remaining portion of the L1D signaling is placed in the portion of the second P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchy A. Also, in the second P2 symbol, data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining portion that corresponds to hierarchy A.

In other words, when two P2 symbols are placed and multiple hierarchical layers are configured, L1B signaling and L1D signaling are included only in hierarchical layer A, which contains the central segment. Note that in two P2 symbols, only data (Payload Data) is placed in the hierarchical layers B on the left and right.

In this way, when multiple layers are configured using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), L1B signaling is placed in the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to layer A, and L1D signaling is placed in the remaining part of that part that corresponds to layer A. In this case, if the L1D signaling does not fit into the part of the first P2 symbol that corresponds to layer A, the remaining part of the L1D signaling is placed in the part of the second P2 symbol that corresponds to layer A.

As a result, all L1 signaling (L1B signaling and L1D signaling) is included in the P2 symbol of hierarchical A, which includes the central segment, so that the receiving device 30 can acquire L1 signaling not only when receiving the entire frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) assigned to the channel, but also when receiving only a partial band corresponding to hierarchical A (e.g., 9/35 of the entire band).

(Second configuration example for FDM)
FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a second example of the configuration of the P2 symbol in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

Similar to Figure 24, Figure 25 shows the cases where one P2 symbol is placed in one physical layer frame and where two P2 symbols are placed in one physical layer frame when Layer A and Layer B are configured.

In addition, in the P2 symbol, variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail) is placed from the beginning of the part corresponding to one layer B (layer B on the left), followed by data (Payload Data). However, this L1D signaling only contains information related to layer B. In the P2 symbol, only data (Payload Data) is placed in the part corresponding to the other layer B (layer B on the right).

In addition, in the first P2 symbol, variable length L1D signaling (L1-Detail) is placed from the beginning of the part corresponding to one layer B (layer B on the left), followed by data (Payload Data). However, this L1D signaling only contains information related to layer B. In addition, in the first P2 symbol, only data (Payload Data) is placed in the part corresponding to the other layer B (layer B on the right).

In this way, when multiple hierarchies are formed using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), L1B signaling is placed in the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchical level A, and L1D signaling is placed in the remaining part of that part that corresponds to hierarchical level A. In this case, if the L1D signaling does not fit into the part of the first P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchical level A, the remaining part of the L1D signaling is placed in the part of the second P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchical level A. Furthermore, information relating to hierarchical level B in the L1D signaling is placed in the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to hierarchical level B.

Note that while Figure 25 shows examples of when one P2 symbol and when two P2 symbols are placed, it is assumed that in most cases, one P2 symbol will be placed. In other words, by placing information about layer B in the L1D signaling in the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to layer B, it is possible to reduce the amount of L1D signaling information placed in the part of the P2 symbol that corresponds to layer A. This is because by simply placing one P2 symbol, it is possible to secure an area for placing all of the L1D signaling information.

Because the receiving device 30 basically processes in units of one symbol, when obtaining L1 signaling from two P2 symbols, it is necessary to buffer and hold the earlier P2 symbol until the later P2 symbol is processed. On the other hand, when L1 signaling can be obtained from one P2 symbol, as in the configuration shown in the upper part of Figure 25, there is no need to buffer the P2 symbol, and L1 signaling can be obtained quickly.

(First configuration example for LDM)
FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of a P2 symbol in the case of layered division multiplexing (LDM).

Here, Figure 26 shows the cases where one P2 symbol is placed and two P2 symbols are placed in one physical layer frame when layer k and layer k+1 are configured using layer division multiplexing (LDM).

When one P2 symbol is placed, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the P2 symbol at layer k, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail). Data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol at layer k. Note that only data (Payload Data) is placed in the P2 symbol at layer k+1.

On the other hand, when two P2 symbols are placed, in layer k, the first P2 symbol has fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) placed at the beginning, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail).

Here, in layer k, the variable length L1D signaling does not fit within the first P2 symbol, so it is placed in the second P2 symbol. Also, in layer k, data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the second P2 symbol.

Furthermore, in layer k+1, only data (Payload Data) is placed in the first P2 symbol and the second P2 symbol.

In this way, when multiple layers are configured using layer division multiplexing (LDM), L1B signaling is placed in the P2 symbol of layer k, and L1D signaling is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol of layer k. In this case, if the L1D signaling does not fit within the first P2 symbol in layer k, the remaining part of the L1D signaling is placed in the second P2 symbol.

(Second configuration example for LDM)
FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of a P2 symbol in the case of layered division multiplexing (LDM).

Similar to Figure 26, Figure 27 shows the cases where one P2 symbol is placed in one physical layer frame and where two P2 symbols are placed in one physical layer frame when layer k and layer k+1 are configured.

When one P2 symbol is placed, fixed-length L1B signaling (L1-Basic) is placed from the beginning of the P2 symbol at layer k, followed by variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail). Data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol at layer k.

Furthermore, in the P2 symbol of hierarchical layer k+1, variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail) is placed at the beginning, followed by data (Payload Data). However, this L1D signaling only contains information related to hierarchical layer k+1.

Furthermore, in layer k+1, variable-length L1D signaling (L1-Detail) is placed at the beginning of the first P2 symbol, followed by data (Payload Data). However, this L1D signaling only contains information relating to layer k+1. In addition, in layer k+1, only data (Payload Data) is placed in the second P2 symbol.

In this way, when multiple hierarchical layers are configured using layer division multiplexing (LDM), L1B signaling is placed in the P2 symbol of layer k, and L1D signaling is placed in the remaining part of the P2 symbol of layer k. In this case, if the L1D signaling does not fit within the first P2 symbol in layer k, the remaining part of the L1D signaling is placed in the second P2 symbol. Furthermore, information related to layer k+1 among the L1D signaling is placed in the P2 symbol of layer k+1.

The above explains the configuration of the physical layer frame to which this technology is applied.

As mentioned above, currently, when multiple multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) are implemented in the same broadcasting system, there is an issue of not being able to distinguish between the multiplexing methods. This technology solves this issue using the first solution method.

However, there are two first solution methods: the synchronization pattern solution method and the P1 signaling solution method, so they will be explained in that order below.

(1) Synchronization pattern solution method

First, we will explain the synchronization pattern resolution method with reference to Figures 28 to 36.

The synchronization pattern resolution method is a method for distinguishing between multiple multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) by using different synchronization patterns with a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS).

Figure 28 shows an example of a synchronization pattern for the frame synchronization symbol (FSS).

In FIG. 28, when the multiplexing method is frequency division multiplexing (FDM), "0x019D" is used as the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS). When the multiplexing method is time division multiplexing (TDM), "0x00ED" is used as the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS), and when the multiplexing method is hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), "0x01E8" is used as the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS). In other words, the synchronization pattern is the information that distinguishes the multiplexing method.

In this way, since the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) differs for each multiplexing method in the physical layer frame, the receiving device 30 can determine whether the multiplexing method is frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) based on this synchronization pattern ("0x019D", "0x00ED", "0x01E8").

Here, the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) is shown assuming that the Zadoff-Chu sequence root q is 137, but the value of q may be other values, for example, q = 400. However, if the value of q is other values, the synchronization pattern of the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) will be different from the synchronization pattern shown in Figure 28.

The Zadoff-Chu sequence route q is also described in the above-mentioned non-patent document 2.

In this way, the synchronization pattern resolution method can support a large number of multiplexing methods because it prepares a synchronization pattern for the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) for each multiplexing method. Other multiplexing methods include, for example, hierarchical time division multiplexing (LDM_TDM) and hierarchical frequency division multiplexing (LDM_FDM). Another advantage of the synchronization pattern resolution method is that it does not require the use of bits in the P1 symbol.

Next, we will explain the configuration of P1 signaling when using the synchronization pattern resolution method. Note that the configuration of P1 signaling differs depending on the multiplexing method, so we will explain the configuration of P1 signaling in the following order: time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(1a) Time division multiplexing (TDM)

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

In Figure 29, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Reserved.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure represents the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols. This P1_P2_waveform_structure contains a combination of information on the FFT size, GI (Guard Interval), FEC (Forward Error Correction) type, and pilot pattern (SPP: SP pattern).

The 1-bit P1_eas_wake_up represents the emergency alert flag.

The 2-bit P1_band_width represents the bandwidth of the broadcast signal.

The 2-bit P1_Reserved represents an area for future expansion.

If uimsbf (unsigned integer most significant bit first) is specified as the format, it means that the value will be treated as an integer after bitwise operations. This format is also the same for the other syntaxes described below.

(Example of P1_P2_waveform_structure)
FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an example of the P1_P2_waveform_structure of FIG.

If "0000000" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_2.

If "0000001" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, then FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, and pilot pattern = 16_4.

If "0000010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, then FFT size = 8K, GI = 512, FEC type = 1, and pilot pattern = 12_2.

Note that in the example of Figure 30, not all values of P1_P2_waveform_structure are listed, but similar combinations of FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern are assigned to other values of P1_P2_waveform_structure. For example, if "1000010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, then FFT size = 32K, GI = 2048, FEC type = 2, and pilot pattern = 6_2.

However, it is not necessary to list all combinations in P1_P2_waveform_structure, and it is sufficient to define only the combinations that are used in actual operation. For example, in the example of Figure 30, as described later, there are 34 combinations of FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern, but it is not necessary to apply them to all FEC types.

Also, there may be almost one FEC type for the FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern. However, if the number of parameters is small, both FEC type 1 (FEC type = 1) and FEC type 2 (FEC type = 2) can be prepared.

(1b) Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In Figure 31, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Reserved.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information on the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols, combining the FFT size, GI, FEC type, pilot pattern, and the number of segments in layer A. Note that layer A is the layer that contains the central segment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 above.

Note that in Figure 31, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Reserved are the same as those shown in Figure 29, so their explanation is omitted.

(Example of P1_P2_waveform_structure)
FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of the P1_P2_waveform_structure of FIG.

If "0000000" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 9.

If "0000001" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 7.

If "0000010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 3.

If "0000011" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 1.

If "0000100" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 8K, GI = 256, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 16_4, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 9.

Note that in the example of Figure 32, not all values of P1_P2_waveform_structure are listed, but similarly, combinations of FFT size, GI, FEC type, pilot pattern, and number of segments in hierarchical A are assigned to the other values of P1_P2_waveform_structure.

For example, if "0010010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 16K, GI = 1024, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 12_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 3. Also, if "0010011" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, the FFT size = 16K, GI = 1024, FEC type = 1, pilot pattern = 12_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 9.

Furthermore, for example, if "1000010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, then the FFT size = 32K, GI = 2048, FEC type = 2, pilot pattern = 6_2, and number of segments in hierarchical A = 9.

However, it is not necessary to list all combinations in P1_P2_waveform_structure, and only the combinations used in actual operation need to be defined. For example, in the example of Figure 32, as described below, there are 34 combinations of FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern, but it is not necessary to multiply them by all FEC types or the number of segments in hierarchical A. For example, if 9 segments and 3 segments are mainly used as the number of segments in hierarchical A, it is only necessary to define combinations related to 9 segments and 3 segments.

(1c) Hierarchical Division Multiplexing (LDM)
FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling in the case of layered division multiplexing (LDM).

In Figure 33, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Reserved.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information combining the FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern as the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols.

Note that in Figure 33, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Reserved are the same as those shown in Figure 29, so their explanation is omitted.

(Example of P1_P2_waveform_structure)
FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of the P1_P2_waveform_structure of FIG.

Note that in the example of Figure 34, not all values of P1_P2_waveform_structure are listed, but similar combinations of FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern are assigned to other values of P1_P2_waveform_structure. For example, if "1000010" is specified as the value of P1_P2_waveform_structure, then FFT size = 32K, GI = 2048, FEC type = 2, and pilot pattern = 6_2.

However, it is not necessary to list all combinations in P1_P2_waveform_structure, and it is sufficient to define only the combinations that are used in actual operation. For example, in the example of Figure 34, as described later, there are 34 combinations of FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern, but it is not necessary to apply them to all FEC types.

(1d) Combination of FFT, GI, PP, and example of FEC type

(Example of combination of FFT, GI, and PP)
Here, the combination of the FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern in the above-mentioned P1_P2_waveform_structure will be described in detail.

Figure 35 shows examples of combinations of FFT size and GI.

Figure 35 shows the number of GI samples when the FFT size is 8K, 16K, and 32K, and the GI is 1/128, 1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, and 1/4. In other words, the possible GI sample numbers are 256, 512, 1024, and 2048.

Figure 36 shows examples of combinations of FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern.

In Figure 36, pilot patterns corresponding to FFT sizes of 8K, 16K, and 32K are associated with each GI pattern (GI sample count) according to the GI sample count.

In other words, GI_256 supports seven pilot patterns: SP16_2 and SP16_4 for 8K FFT, SP32_2, SP32_4, SP16_2 and SP16_4 for 16K FFT, and SP32_2 for 32K FFT. In addition, GI3_512 supports nine pilot patterns: SP12_2, SP12_4, SP6_2 and SP6_4 for 8K FFT, SP24_2, SP24_4, SP12_2 and SP12_4 for 16K FFT, and SP24_2 for 32K FFT.

In addition, GI5_1024 supports ten pilot patterns: SP6_2, SP6_4, SP3_2, SP3_4 for 8K FFT, SP12_2, SP12_4, SP6_2, SP6_4 for 16K FFT, and SP24_2, SP12_2 for 32K FFT. In addition, GI7_2048 supports eight pilot patterns: SP3_2, SP3_4 for 8K FFT, SP6_2, SP6_4, SP3_2, SP3_4 for 16K FFT, and SP12_2, SP6_2 for 32K FFT.

As shown in Figures 35 and 36, there are a total of 34 combinations of FFT size, GI, and pilot pattern.

(Example of FEC type)
As the FEC type, FEC type 1 (FEC type = 1) and FEC type 2 (FEC type = 2) can be used.

FEC type 1 is a very robust FEC. For example, the combination of modulation method and error correction code for FEC type 1 can be QPSK+CR = 3/15 (error correction code with a coding rate of 3/15). This FEC type 1 corresponds to "L1-Basic Mode 2" of ATSC3.0. The required C/N (Carrier to Noise Ratio) is approximately -2.0 dB.

FEC type 2 is an FEC used when efficiency is prioritized. For example, 64QAM+CR = 3/15 can be used as a combination of modulation method and error correction code for FEC type 2. This FEC type 2 corresponds to "L1-Basic Mode 5" of ATSC3.0.
The required C/N ratio is said to be about 10 dB.

Note that although FEC type 1 and FEC type 2 are given here as examples of FEC types, other FEC types may also be used.

(2) P1 signaling solution method

Next, we will explain the P1 signaling solution method with reference to Figures 37 to 42.

The P1 signaling solution method uses a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the same synchronization pattern, but distinguishes between multiple multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) by using the P1 signaling information of the P1 symbol.

In other words, in the P1 signaling resolution method, unlike the synchronization pattern resolution method described above, different synchronization patterns are used in the frame synchronization symbol (FSS), but the same synchronization pattern is used to make the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) completely common.

On the other hand, the P1 signaling specifies the multiplexing method as discrimination information, either frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). For example, this discrimination information can be defined so that "00" represents frequency division multiplexing (FDM), "01" represents time division multiplexing (TDM), and "10" represents hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

The receiving device 30 can determine the multiplexing method, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), based on the discrimination information ("00", "01", "10") of the P1 signaling.

In this way, the P1 signaling resolution method determines the multiplexing method using the P1 signaling discrimination information, which can shorten the search time.

Next, we will explain the configuration of P1 signaling when using the P1 signaling solution method. Note that the configuration of P1 signaling differs depending on the multiplexing method, so we will explain the configuration of P1 signaling in the following order: time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(2a) Time division multiplexing (TDM)

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

In Figure 37, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information that combines the FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern as the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols. Note that this P1_P2_waveform_structure can define, for example, the combinations of information shown in FIG. 30.

The 1-bit P1_eas_wake_up represents the emergency alert flag.

The 2-bit P1_band_width represents the bandwidth of the broadcast signal.

The 2-bit P1_Frame_Multiplexing indicates information for identifying the multiplexing method, such as frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(Example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing)
FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in FIG.

If "00" is specified as the value of P1_Frame_Multiplexing, it means that the multiplexing method is frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

If "01" is specified as the value of P1_Frame_Multiplexing, it means that the multiplexing method is time division multiplexing (TDM).

If "10" is specified as the value of P1_Frame_Multiplexing, it means that the multiplexing method is hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

Note that the P1_Frame_Multiplexing value "11" is an area for future expansion.

(2b) Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 39 is a diagram showing an example of P1 signaling syntax in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In Figure 39, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information that combines the FFT size, GI, FEC type, pilot pattern, total number of segments, and number of segments in hierarchical A as the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols. Note that this P1_P2_waveform_structure can define, for example, the combinations of information shown in FIG. 32.

In addition, in FIG. 39, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing are the same as those shown in FIG. 37. In other words, P1_Frame_Multiplexing represents information for determining the multiplexing method.

(Example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing)
FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in FIG.

In Figure 40, as in Figure 38, P1_Frame_Multiplexing is specified as "00" for frequency division multiplexing (FDM), "01" for time division multiplexing (TDM), and "10" for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(2c) Hierarchical Division Multiplexing (LDM)

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling in the case of layered division multiplexing (LDM).

In Figure 41, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information that combines the FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern as the structure of the P1 and P2 symbols. Note that this P1_P2_waveform_structure can define, for example, the combination of information shown in FIG. 34.

In FIG. 41, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing are the same as those shown in FIG. 37. In other words, P1_Frame_Multiplexing represents information for determining the multiplexing method.

(Example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing)
FIG. 42 is a diagram showing an example of P1_Frame_Multiplexing in FIG.

In Figure 42, as in Figure 38, P1_Frame_Multiplexing is specified as "00" for frequency division multiplexing (FDM), "01" for time division multiplexing (TDM), and "10" for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

The above explains the first solution method.

Next, with reference to Figures 43 to 59, we will explain L1B signaling (L1-Basic) and L1D signaling (L1-Detail) as P2 signaling of the P2 symbol.

Here, there are differences between L1B signaling and L1D signaling, for example, as follows. That is, L1B signaling is fixed length, while L1D signaling is variable length. Therefore, L1B signaling and L1D signaling have different sizes. Usually, the size of L1D signaling is larger than the size of L1B signaling.

In addition, L1B signaling and L1D signaling are read in that order, so L1B signaling is read before L1D signaling. Furthermore, L1B signaling is different from L1D signaling in that it can be transmitted more robustly.

(1) L1B signaling configuration

First, the configuration of L1B signaling will be explained with reference to Figures 43 to 47. Note that the configuration of L1B signaling differs depending on the multiplexing method, so below, the configuration of L1B signaling will be explained in the order of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(1a) Time division multiplexing (TDM)

(Example of L1B signaling)
FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

In Figure 43, L1B signaling includes L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc.

The 3-bit L1B_version indicates the version of L1B signaling.

The 1-bit L1B_eas-wake_up represents the emergency alert flag.

The 1-bit L1B_lls_flag represents a flag indicating the presence of higher layer signaling. For example, if LLS (Low Level Signaling) is specified as the higher layer signaling, the flag indicates whether LLS exists.

The 1-bit L1B_time_info_flag indicates the time information flag.

The 8-bit L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes represents the size of the L1D signaling.

The 2-bit L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type indicates the FEC type for L1D signaling.

The 80-bit L1B_reserved represents an area for future expansion.

The 32-bit L1B_crc represents the parity for error detection.

(1b) Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(Example of L1B signaling)
FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In Figure 44, L1B signaling includes L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_num_layers, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc.

In Figure 44, L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc are the same as those shown in Figure 43. That is, compared to Figure 43, L1B_num_layers has been added to the L1B signaling in Figure 44.

The 2-bit L1B_num_layers indicates the number of layers (FDM layers).

In Figure 44, the number of bits for L1B_reserved is 78 bits.

(1c) Hierarchical Division Multiplexing (LDM)

(Example of L1B signaling)
FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM).

In Figure 45, L1B signaling includes L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_num_layers, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc.

In Figure 45, L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc are the same as those shown in Figure 43. That is, compared to Figure 43, the L1B signaling in Figure 45 adds L1B_num_layers.

The 2-bit L1B_num_layers indicates the number of layers (LDM layers).

(1d) Example of common use for TDM, FDM, and LDM

Here, it is clear from the examples of syntax for P1 signaling and L1B signaling described above that the P1 signaling of TDM, FDM, and LDM shown in Figures 37 to 42 and the L1B signaling of TDM, FDM, and LDM shown in Figures 43 to 45 can be configured in almost the same way using the TDM, FDM, and LDM multiplexing methods.

In other words, in time division multiplexing (TDM), information about the hierarchy is not necessarily required, but if information about the hierarchy can be included in the time division multiplexing (TDM) signaling, it can be made common to frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). Note that in time division multiplexing (TDM), if subframes are not used, num_layers can be used as is.

(Example of P1 signaling)
FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax of P1 signaling when it is common to TDM, FDM, and LDM.

In Figure 46, P1 signaling includes P1_P2_waveform_structure, P1_eas_wake_up, P1_band_width, and P1_Frame_Multiplexing.

The 7-bit P1_P2_waveform_structure has different meanings depending on the multiplexing method: frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In other words, in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM), P1_P2_waveform_structure contains information combining FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern.

In addition, in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM), P1_P2_waveform_structure includes information that combines FFT size, GI, FEC type, pilot pattern, total number of segments, and number of segments in hierarchical A. In addition, in the case of hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), P1_P2_waveform_structure includes information that combines FFT size, GI, FEC type, and pilot pattern.

These multiplexing methods (FDM, TDM, LDM) can be distinguished by the value of P1_Frame_Multiplexing. The value of P1_Frame_Multiplexing is the same as that shown in Figure 38, etc.

(Example of L1B signaling)
FIG. 47 is a diagram showing an example of L1B signaling syntax when common to TDM, FDM, and LDM.

In Figure 47, L1B signaling includes L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_num_layers, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc.

In Figure 47, L1B_version, L1B_eas-wake_up, L1B_lls_flag, L1B_time_info_flag, L1B_L1_Detail_size_bytes, L1B_L1_Detail_fec_type, L1B_reserved, and L1B_crc are the same as those shown in Figure 43. That is, compared to Figure 43, the L1B signaling in Figure 47 has been updated with the addition of L1B_num_layers.

The 2-bit L1B_num_layers indicates the number of layers.

However, in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM), L1B_num_layers represents the number of layers (FDM layers). Also, in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM), L1B_num_layers represents the number of layers (LDM layers). Note that in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM), L1B_num_layers is not necessarily required information, and is left unused when not required.

(2) L1D signaling configuration

Next, the configuration of L1D signaling will be described with reference to Figures 48 to 59. Note that the configuration of L1D signaling differs depending on the multiplexing method, so the configuration of L1D signaling will be described below in the order of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

(2a) Time division multiplexing (TDM)

(First example of L1D signaling)
FIG. 48 is a diagram showing a first example of L1D signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM).

The L1D signaling in Figure 48 corresponds to the P2 signaling of the P2 symbol in the physical layer frame corresponding to the subframe shown in Figure 6.

The 4-bit L1D_version field indicates the version of L1D signaling.

If the L1B_time_info_flag in the L1B signaling indicates that time information is present, the 64-bit L1D_ntp_time is written. L1D_ntp_time represents the time information.

Here, for example, when MMT (MPEG Media Transport) is used as the upper layer transport protocol, time information in the NTP (Network Time Protocol) format can be used as the time information. Note that the format of the time information is not limited to the NTP format, and other formats such as PTP (Precision Time Protocol) may also be used.

If P1_eas_wake_up in P1 signaling indicates that an emergency alert exists, 8-bit L1B_eas_code is written. L1B_eas_code represents the code information of the emergency alert.

The 2-bit L1D_num_subframes indicates the number of subframes. Within the subframe loop corresponding to the number indicated by L1D_num_subframes, L1D_fft_size, L1D_guard_interval, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_pilot_pattern_boost, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_first, L1D_bs_last, and L1D_fcs_null_cells are written.

These parameters can be specified for each subframe, so the modulation parameters can be changed for each subframe.

Among these parameters, for example, the 2-bit L1D_fft_size represents the FFT size of the target subframe. Also, for example, the 2-bit L1D_guard_interval and the 5-bit L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern represent the guard interval and pilot pattern of the target subframe.

The 2-bit L1D_num_layers_plp indicates the number of PLP (Physical Layer Pipe) hierarchies. Within the PLP loop corresponding to the number indicated by L1D_num_layers_plp, L1D_plp_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_start, L1D_plp_size, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_type, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max are written.

These parameters can be specified for each PLP in each subframe, so the modulation parameters can be changed for each PLP within a subframe.

Among these parameters, for example, the 4-bit L1D_plp_id represents the ID of the target PLP. Also, for example, the 4-bit L1D_plp_mod, 4-bit L1D_plp_cod, and 1-bit L1D_plp_type represent the modulation method, coding rate, and type of the target PLP, respectively.

After leaving the PLP loop and subframe loop, L1D_reserved and L1D_crc are written. L1D_reserved indicates the area for future expansion. The 32-bit L1D_crc indicates the parity for error detection.

Figure 49 shows a second example of L1D signaling syntax for time division multiplexing (TDM).

The L1D signaling in Figure 49 corresponds to the P2 signaling of the P2 symbol of a physical layer frame that does not support the subframes shown in Figure 5. Therefore, in the L1D signaling in Figure 49, the description of the subframe loop has been deleted compared to the L1D signaling in Figure 48.

In other words, in the L1D signaling of Figure 49, the following parameters are described within a hierarchical loop according to the number indicated by L1B_num_layers in the L1B signaling.

In other words, within this hierarchical loop, L1D_fft_size, L1D_guard_interval, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_pilot_pattern_boost, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_first, L1D_bs_last, L1D_fcs_null_cells, L1D_plp_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_start, L1D_plp_size, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_type, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max are written.

These parameters overlap with the L1D signaling parameters in Figure 48, so their explanation will be omitted here.

(2b) Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(First example of L1D signaling)
In a first example, a single L1D signaling includes information specific to layer A and layer B (FDM layers) and information common to layer A and layer B (FDM layers).

Figure 50 shows a first example of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In the L1D signaling in Figure 50, the following information is described as common information between layers A and B: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In addition, in the L1D signaling of Figure 50, the following parameters are described within a hierarchical loop according to the number indicated by L1B_num_layers in the L1B signaling.

In other words, this hierarchy loop describes L1D_numsegs, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max. The parameters in this hierarchy loop are described as information specific to each layer of layer A and layer B. The 6-bit L1D_numsegs indicates the number of segments in each layer.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 50 describes information that is specific to each layer, layer A, and layer B, as well as information that is common to each layer, layer A, and layer B.

(Second Example of L1D Signaling)
In the second example, L1D signaling is prepared for each layer (FDM layer), layer A and layer B, and information specific to each layer is described. At that time, information common to layer A and layer B is included in the L1D signaling of one of the layers, but is not included in the L1D signaling of the other layers. That is, in the second example, information common to layer A and layer B is included only in the L1D signaling of layer A.

Figure 51 shows a second example (layer A) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

The L1D signaling in Figure 51 describes information specific to layer A, so compared to the L1D signaling in Figure 50, the description of the hierarchical loop has been removed, and parameters for layer A, rather than all layers, are described.

In other words, in the L1D signaling of Figure 51, information specific to layer A is described in L1D_numsegs, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max.

In addition, information common to layer A and layer B is described in the L1D signaling of FIG. 51. That is, the L1D signaling of FIG. 51 describes the following information common to layer A and layer B: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 51 describes information that is specific to layer A as well as information that is common to both layers A and B.

Figure 52 shows a second example (layer B) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 52, information specific to layer B is described in L1D_numsegs, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max.

As mentioned above, information common to layer A and layer B is described in the L1D signaling of layer A (Figure 51), so there is no need to describe it in the L1D signaling of layer B (Figure 52).

In this way, only information specific to layer B is described in the L1D signaling in Figure 52.

(Third example of L1D signaling)
In the third example, L1D signaling is prepared for each layer (FDM layer), layer A and layer B, and information specific to each layer is described. At that time, information common between layers, such as layer A and layer B, is included in the L1D signaling of all layers. That is, in the third example, information common to layer A and layer B is included in both the L1D signaling of layer A and the L1D signaling of layer B.

Figure 53 shows a third example (layer A) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 53, information specific to layer A is described in L1D_numsegs, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max.

Furthermore, the L1D signaling in Figure 53 describes the following information common to layers A and B: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 53 describes information that is specific to layer A as well as information that is common to both layers A and B.

Figure 54 shows a third example (layer B) of L1D signaling syntax for frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 54, information specific to layer B is described in L1D_numsegs, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max.

In addition, the L1D signaling in Figure 54 describes the following information common to layers A and B: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 54 describes information that is specific to layer B as well as information that is common to layers A and B.

(2c) Hierarchical Division Multiplexing (LDM)

(First example of L1D signaling)
In a first example, a single L1D signaling includes information specific to each of hierarchical layers k and k+1 (LDM hierarchical layers) and information common to hierarchical layers k and k+1 (LDM hierarchical layers).

Figure 55 shows a first example of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In the L1D signaling in Figure 55, the following information is described as common information between layer k and layer k+1: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In addition, in the L1D signaling of Figure 55, the following parameters are described within a hierarchical loop according to the number indicated by L1B_num_layers in the L1B signaling.

In other words, within this hierarchy loop, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max are written. The parameters within this hierarchy loop are written as information specific to each layer, layer k and layer k+1.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 55 describes information that is specific to each layer, layer k, and layer k+1, as well as information that is common to each layer, layer k, and layer k+1.

(Second Example of L1D Signaling)
In the second example, L1D signaling is prepared for each of the layers k and k+1 (LDM layers), and information specific to each layer is described. At this time, information common to layers k and k+1 is included in the L1D signaling of one of the layers, but not included in the L1D signaling of the other layers. In other words, in the second example, information common to layers k and k+1 is included only in the L1D signaling of layer k.

Figure 56 shows a second example (layer k) of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

The L1D signaling in Figure 56 describes information specific to layer k, so compared to the L1D signaling in Figure 55, the description of the hierarchical loop is removed, and parameters for layer k, rather than all layers, are described.

In other words, in the L1D signaling of Figure 56, information specific to layer k is described in L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max.

In addition, information common to layer k and layer k+1 is described in the L1D signaling of FIG. 56. That is, the L1D signaling of FIG. 56 describes the following information common to layer k and layer k+1: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 56 describes information specific to layer k as well as information common to layers k and k+1.

Figure 57 shows a second example (layer k+1) of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 57, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max describe information specific to layer k+1.

As mentioned above, information common to layer k and layer k+1 is described in the L1D signaling of layer k (Figure 56), so there is no need to describe it in the L1D signaling of layer k+1 (Figure 57).

In this way, only information specific to layer k+1 is described in the L1D signaling in Figure 57.

(Third example of L1D signaling)
In the third example, L1D signaling is prepared for each of the layers k and k+1 (LDM layers), and information specific to each layer is described. At that time, information common between layers such as layer k and layer k+1 is included in the L1D signaling of all layers. That is, in the third example, information common to layer k and layer k+1 is included in both the L1D signaling of layer k and the L1D signaling of layer k+1.

Figure 58 shows a third example (layer k) of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 58, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max describe information specific to layer k.

In addition, the L1D signaling in Figure 58 describes the following information common to layer k and layer k+1: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 58 describes information specific to layer k as well as information common to layers k and k+1.

Figure 59 shows a third example (layer k+1) of L1D signaling syntax for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In the L1D signaling of Figure 59, L1D_layer_id, L1D_plp_lls_flag, L1D_plp_mod, L1D_plp_cod, L1D_plp_TI_num_ti_blocks, and L1D_plp_TI_num_fec_blocks_max describe information specific to layer k+1.

In addition, the L1D signaling in Figure 59 describes the following information common to layer k and layer k+1: L1D_version, L1D_ntp_time, L1B_eas_code, L1D_num_ofdm_symbols, L1D_bs_present, L1D_bs_null_cells, L1D_scattered_pilot_pattern, L1D_scattered_pilot_boost, and L1D_num_layers.

In this way, the L1D signaling in Figure 59 describes information that is specific to layer k+1 as well as information that is common to layers k and k+1.

As mentioned above, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is adopted, such as in the current ISDB-T, L1 signaling such as TMCC information is distributed in the physical layer frame, which causes an issue that the receiving device 30 always requires one frame to achieve synchronization. However, this technology solves this issue using the second solution method.

(Example of centralized signaling arrangement)
FIG. 60 is a diagram showing an example of a concentrated arrangement of L1 signaling in a physical layer frame to which the present technology is applied.

In Figure 60, B of Figure 60 shows the configuration of a physical layer frame to which this technology is applied, and for comparison, A of Figure 60 shows the configuration of the current ISDB-T physical layer frame.

In Figure 60A, the horizontal direction is the frequency axis representing the subcarrier number (carrier number), and the vertical direction is the time axis representing the OFDM symbol number (OFDM symbol number).

ISDB-T specifies three transmission modes,

modes

1, 2, and 3, which have different spacing between OFDM subcarriers. ISDB-T also specifies four subcarrier modulation methods: QPSK (Quaternary Phase Shift Keying), 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, and DQPSK (Differential QPSK).

A in Figure 60 shows the configuration of an OFDM segment in which the transmission mode is mode 1 and the modulation method is QPSK, 16QAM, or 64QAM. In A in Figure 60, one OFDM frame is made up of 204 OFDM symbols.

In Figure 60A, Si,j represent the data symbols (carrier symbols) of the subcarriers modulated with higher layer data, and the OFDM segment is composed of the data symbols plus each symbol (subcarrier) of the pilot signal SP (Scattered Pilot), TMCC signal, and AC (Auxiliary Channel) signal.

The TMCC signal is a signal for transmitting TMCC information as signaling (control information), and the AC signal is an extension signal for transmitting additional information related to broadcasting. This AC signal can transmit AC information such as emergency alert information. In other words, TMCC information and AC information can be said to be L1 signaling.

The current ISDB-T OFDM segment structure is described in "3.12 Frame Structure" in the above-mentioned non-patent document 1.

As shown in A of Figure 60, in the current ISDB-T physical layer frame, L1 signaling such as TMCC information and AC information is arranged in the time direction and is composed of one physical layer frame unit. In other words, in the current ISDB-T physical layer frame, L1 signaling is arranged in a dispersed manner. Therefore, the receiving device 30 must process at least one physical layer frame before acquiring the L1 signaling, and it always takes the frame length (time) of one physical layer frame to achieve synchronization.

On the other hand, the physical layer frame to which this technology is applied has the configuration shown in B of Figure 60.

B in Figure 60 shows the configuration of a physical layer frame when using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), with the direction from left to right in the figure representing frequency (Freq) and the direction from top to bottom in the figure representing time (Time).

In B of Figure 60, a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) is inserted at the beginning of the physical layer frame, followed by a P1 symbol (P1).

When frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, a given frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) is frequency-divided into multiple segments, and P2 symbols (P2), data symbols, and boundary symbols (BS) are assigned to each of the layers, layer A and layer B.

At this time, as shown in the box B of Figure 60, in one physical layer frame, a frame synchronization symbol (FSS), a P1 symbol (P1), and a P2 symbol (P2) are arranged in that order from the beginning. Here, the P1 symbol includes P1 signaling. Also, the P2 symbol includes P2 signaling such as L1B signaling and L1D signaling.

In other words, the L1 signaling contained in the P1 symbol and P2 symbol is concentrated at the beginning of the physical layer frame. Therefore, when the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame, it can quickly acquire the L1 signaling concentrated at the beginning, thereby shortening the time it takes to achieve synchronization.

Here, for example, it is possible to obtain L1 signaling in approximately half the time of one physical layer frame, and as a result, the time required to achieve synchronization can be shortened compared to the current ISDB-T physical layer frame, which always requires the frame length of one physical layer frame.

The configuration of the physical layer frame in Figure 60B corresponds to the configuration of the physical layer frame when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) in Figure 8 described above is used. Also, although frequency division multiplexing (FDM) has been described here, as shown in Figures 5, 6, and 9, L1 signaling is concentrated at the beginning of the physical layer frame when time division multiplexing (TDM) is used and when hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) is used.

The second solution has been explained above.

As mentioned above, with current technology, the payload of a physical layer frame can be converted to FDM or LDM by applying frequency division multiplexing (FDM) or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM). However, there is an issue that the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and preamble cannot be converted to FDM or LDM. This technology solves this issue with the third solution method.

(Example of FSS, P1, and P2 placement for FDM and LDM)
FIG. 61 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of frame synchronization symbols (FSS), P1 symbols (P1), and P2 symbols (P2) in frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM).

In FIG. 61, A of FIG. 61 shows the configuration of a physical layer frame when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, and B of FIG. 61 shows the configuration of a physical layer frame when layer division multiplexing (LDM) is used.

In A of Figure 61, a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) is inserted at the beginning of the physical layer frame, followed by a P1 symbol (P1).

When frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, a given frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) is frequency-divided into multiple segments, and a P2 symbol (P2), data symbol (Frame), and boundary symbol (BS) are assigned to each of the layers A and B (FDM layers).

In this case, as shown in the box A in Figure 61, the P2 symbol is placed for each layer, layer A and layer B, by dividing the data placed there. Therefore, in the physical layer frame shown in A in Figure 61, not only the data symbols and boundary symbols but also the preambles such as the P2 symbol can be FDM-coded.

On the other hand, in B of Figure 61, a frame synchronization symbol (FSS) is inserted at the beginning of the physical layer frame, followed by a P1 symbol (P1).

In addition, when using hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), a P2 symbol (P2), a data symbol (Frame), and a boundary symbol (BS) are assigned to each layer (LDM layer) that has a different transmission power.

In this case, as shown in the box in Figure 61B, the P2 symbols are arranged for each layer (LDM layer) of layer k and layer k+1. Therefore, in the physical layer frame shown in Figure 61B, not only data symbols and boundary symbols but also preambles such as the P2 symbol can be LDM-ized.

In this way, in the third solution, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) or hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM) is used, not only data symbols and boundary symbols but also preambles such as P2 symbols can be FDM- or LDM-encoded.

Note that the configuration of the physical layer frame in A of Figure 61 corresponds to the configuration of the physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) in Figure 7 described above, and the configuration of the physical layer frame in B of Figure 61 corresponds to the configuration of the physical layer frame in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM) in Figure 9 described above.

The above explains the third solution method.

Next, the operation of the receiving device 30 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 62 to FIG. 66.

(1) Processing of time division multiplexing (TDM) physical layer frames

(Frame processing example)
FIG. 62 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM).

As shown in Figure 62, when time division multiplexing (TDM) is used, a frame synchronization symbol (FSS), a P1 symbol (P1), and a P2 symbol (P2) are arranged in this order from the beginning of the physical layer frame. Also, in the example of Figure 62, since the physical layer frame corresponds to subframes, two subframes, subframe n and subframe n+1, are arranged following the P2 symbol (P2).

Here, the receiving device 30 can recognize the beginning of the physical layer frame using the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and obtain the P1 symbol information (P1 signaling). The receiving device 30 can also use the P1 signaling information to extract the P2 symbol information (P2 signaling) from the physical layer frame, and further extract the data symbol.

In addition, when two or more subframes are arranged, the modulation parameters can be changed for each subframe, but the L1D signaling includes information on the modulation parameters for each subframe. Therefore, the receiving device 30 can extract the data symbols of each subframe from the physical layer frame using information on the L1D signaling (for example, information within the subframe loop of the L1D signaling in FIG. 48).

In addition, the receiving device 30 can also selectively extract data symbols of subframe n within the frame in Figure 62 from the physical layer frame using information from L1D signaling.

(2) Processing of physical layer frames for frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

(Frame processing example)
FIG. 63 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of frequency division multiplexing (FDM).

As shown in Figure 63, when frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is used, the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1) are placed in that order from the beginning of the physical layer frame, and then the P2 symbol (P2), data symbol (Frame), and boundary symbol (BS) are placed for each layer (FDM layer) such as layer A and layer B.

Here, when the receiving device 30 receives the entire bandwidth of a specified frequency band (e.g., 6 MHz) assigned to a channel, it can recognize the beginning of the physical layer frame using the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and obtain P1 symbol information (P1 signaling). Furthermore, the receiving device 30 can use the P1 signaling information to extract P2 symbol information (P2 signaling) from the physical layer frame, and further extract the data symbol.

Furthermore, when the receiving device 30 receives a partial band of a specified frequency band that corresponds to Layer A, it receives the frequency band within the frame of Figure 63. Here, Figure 64 shows the details of the configuration of the physical layer frame of Figure 63. That is, in Figure 64, the P2 symbols, data symbols, and boundary symbols for each layer, Layer A and Layer B, are represented in segment units.

In FIG. 64, each layer of layers A and B is made up of multiple segments, but for example, the total number of segments may be 35, and layer A, which includes the central segment, may be the central 9 segments. In other words, when receiving a partial band corresponding to layer A, the receiving device 30 will only receive the frequency band of the central 9 segments.

In this case, the receiving device 30 can recognize the beginning of the physical layer frame using a sufficiently robust frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and obtain the P1 symbol information (P1 signaling). In addition, the receiving device 30 can recognize the number of segments in layer A (e.g., 9 segments) from the P1 signaling information (e.g., P1_P2_waveform_structure in FIG. 31).

Therefore, the receiving device 30 uses the P1 signaling information to extract P2 symbol information (P2 signaling) from the partial band corresponding to hierarchical layer A consisting of the central nine segments, and can further extract data symbols.

For example, in FIG. 65, when the total number of segments is 35, even if the central 7 segments are set as hierarchical A, the receiving device 30 can receive the frequency band of the central 9 segments as a partial band, and can use the P1 signaling information to extract the P2 signaling and further extract the data symbols.

(3) Processing of physical layer frames for hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM)

(Frame processing example)
FIG. 66 is a diagram for explaining the receiving side processing of a physical layer frame in the case of layer division multiplexing (LDM).

As shown in Figure 66, when using hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and P1 symbol (P1) are arranged in this order from the beginning of the physical layer frame, and then the P2 symbol (P2), data symbol (Frame), and boundary symbol (BS) are arranged in this order. However, the P2 symbol (P2), data symbol (Frame), and boundary symbol (BS) are arranged for each layer (LDM layer) such as layer k and layer k+1.

Here, the receiving device 30 can recognize the beginning of the physical layer frame using the frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and obtain P1 symbol information (P1 signaling). Furthermore, the receiving device 30 can use the P1 signaling information to extract P2 symbol information (P2 signaling) for each layer, such as layer k and layer k+1, and further extract data symbols.

In addition, the receiving device 30 can also selectively extract a portion of the hierarchy (LDM hierarchy) within the frame in Figure 66 from the physical layer frame using L1 signaling information.

Next, the process flow on the sending side and receiving side corresponding to the first to third solution methods described above will be explained with reference to the flowcharts in Figures 67 to 71.

(Processing corresponding to the first solution method)
First, the flow of processing on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the first solution method will be described with reference to the flowcharts of Figures 67 and 68. However, as described above, there are two types of the first solution method, a synchronization pattern solution method using different synchronization patterns and a P1 signaling solution method using P1 signaling, so they will be described in order.

(Processing corresponding to the synchronization pattern solving method)
The flow of processing on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the synchronization pattern solving method will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG.

In step S11, the component processing unit 111 to the data processing unit 114 of the data processing device 10 generate a stream.

In the processing of step S11, the multiplexer 13 multiplexes the component stream from the component processing unit 111 and the higher layer signaling stream from the signaling generation unit 112. The data processing unit 114 then processes the stream resulting from the multiplexing, generating a transmission data stream.

In step S12, the data processing unit 211 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S11 to generate a physical layer frame.

In the processing of step S12, a physical layer frame is generated using the synchronization pattern resolution method described above for each multiplexing method (FDM, TDM, LDM) so that a different synchronization pattern (for example, the synchronization pattern in Figure 28) is created using a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS).

In step S13, the modulation unit 212 of the transmitting device 20 performs the necessary processing on the physical layer frame obtained in the processing of step S12, and transmits the resulting broadcast signal from a transmitting antenna installed at the transmitting station.

In step S21, the RF unit 311 of the receiving device 30 receives a broadcast signal transmitted from a transmitting antenna installed at the transmitting station.

In step S22, the demodulator 312 of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal received in the processing of step S21.

In the processing of step S22, the above-mentioned synchronization pattern resolution method is used to determine the multiplexing method (FDM, TDM, LDM) based on different synchronization patterns (e.g., the synchronization pattern in Figure 28) using a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS), and the physical layer frame is processed according to the determination result, thereby obtaining a transmission data stream.

In step S23, the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S22.

In the processing of step S23, the transmission data stream is processed to obtain higher-layer signaling and component streams. Then, the higher-layer signaling and component streams are processed to play content such as broadcast programs.

The above explains the process flow corresponding to the synchronization pattern resolution method.

(Processing corresponding to the P1 signaling solution method)
With reference to the flowchart in Figure 68, the process flow on the transmitting side and receiving side corresponding to the P1 signaling solution method will be described.

In FIG. 68, the processing of steps S31 and S33 on the sending side and the processing of steps S41 and S43 on the receiving side are similar to the processing of steps S11 and S13 in FIG. 67 and the processing of steps S21 and S23 in FIG. 67 described above, so their description will be omitted.

In step S32 on the transmitting side, the data processing unit 211 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S31 to generate a physical layer frame.

In the process of step S32, a physical layer frame is generated that includes P1 signaling that describes discrimination information (e.g., P1_Frame_Multiplexing in Figures 37, 39, and 41) that distinguishes the multiplexing method (FDM, TDM, LDM) using the P1 signaling resolution method described above. However, this physical layer frame has a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS) and the same synchronization pattern.

On the other hand, in step S42 on the receiving side, the demodulator 312 of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal received in the processing of step S41.

In the processing of step S42, the above-mentioned P1 signaling resolution method is used to determine the multiplexing method (FDM, TDM, LDM) based on the discrimination information described in the P1 signaling (e.g., P1_Frame_Multiplexing in Figures 37, 39, and 41), and the physical layer frame is processed according to the discrimination result, thereby obtaining a stream of transmission data.

The above explains the process flow corresponding to the P1 signaling resolution method.

(Processing corresponding to the second solution method)
Next, the flow of processing on the transmitting side and receiving side corresponding to the second solution method will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG.

In step S51, a stream is generated by the component processing unit 111 through the data processing unit 114 of the data processing device 10, similar to the processing in step S11 of FIG. 67.

In step S52, the data processing unit 211 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S51 to generate a physical layer frame.

In the processing of step S52, a physical layer frame (e.g., physical layer frame B in Figure 60) is generated using the second solution method described above, so that L1 signaling such as L1B signaling and L1D signaling is concentrated at the beginning (the beginning side).

In step S53, similar to the processing in step S13 of FIG. 67, the broadcast signal is transmitted by the modulation unit 212 of the transmitting device 20. In step S61, similar to the processing in step S21 of FIG. 67, the broadcast signal is received by the RF unit 311 of the receiving device 30.

In step S62, the demodulation unit 312 of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal received in the processing of step S61.

In the processing of step S62, the L1 signaling concentrated at the beginning (leading side) of the physical layer frame (for example, the physical layer frame of B in Figure 60) is obtained by using the second solution method described above, and the physical layer frame is processed to obtain a stream of transmission data.

In step S63, the stream is processed by the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30, similar to step S23 in FIG. 67.

The above explains the process flow corresponding to the second solution method.

(Processing corresponding to the third solution method)
Finally, the flow of processing on the transmitting side and the receiving side corresponding to the above-mentioned third solution method will be described with reference to the flowcharts of Figures 70 and 71. However, as described above, there are two types of solution methods for the third solution method, one for handling frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and one for handling layer division multiplexing (LDM), so they will be described in order.

(FDM compatible processing)
The process flow on the transmitting side and receiving side corresponding to the third solution method for FDM will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG.

In step S71, a stream is generated by the component processing unit 111 through the data processing unit 114 of the data processing device 10, similar to the processing in step S11 of FIG. 67.

In step S72, the data processing unit 211 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S71 to generate a physical layer frame.

In the process of step S72, the P2 symbol (P2 signaling) is arranged for each layer (FDM layer) of layer A and layer B and FDM-encoded using the third FDM-compatible solution method described above, generating a physical layer frame (for example, physical layer frame A in Figure 61).

In step S73, similar to the processing in step S13 of FIG. 67, the broadcast signal is transmitted by the modulation unit 212 of the transmitting device 20. In step S81, similar to the processing in step S21 of FIG. 67, the broadcast signal is received by the RF unit 311 of the receiving device 30.

In step S82, the demodulation unit 312 of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal received in the processing of step S81.

In the process of step S82, the third FDM-compatible solution described above is used to obtain P2 signaling (L1B signaling and L1D signaling) from the P2 symbol that has been FDM-encoded in a physical layer frame (e.g., physical layer frame A in FIG. 61), and the physical layer frame is processed to obtain a stream of transmission data.

In step S83, the stream is processed by the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30, similar to step S23 in FIG. 67.

The above explains the process flow for the third solution method that supports FDM.

(LDM compatible processing)
The process flow on the transmitting side and receiving side corresponding to the third solution method for LDM will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG.

In FIG. 71, the processing of steps S91 and S93 on the sending side and the processing of steps S101 and S103 on the receiving side are similar to the processing of steps S71 and S73 in FIG. 70 described above and the processing of steps S81 and S83 in FIG. 70, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In step S92 on the transmitting side, the data processing unit 211 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream obtained in the processing of step S91 to generate a physical layer frame.

In the processing of step S92, the P2 symbol (P2 signaling) is arranged for each layer (LDM layer) such as layer k or layer k+1 and converted into LDM using the third LDM-compatible solution method described above, generating a physical layer frame (for example, physical layer frame B in Figure 61).

On the other hand, in step S102 on the receiving side, the demodulation unit 312 of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal received in the processing of step S101.

In the process of step S102, the third LDM-compatible solution described above is used to obtain P2 signaling (L1B signaling and L1D signaling) from the P2 symbol that has been LDM-enhanced in a physical layer frame (e.g., physical layer frame B in FIG. 61), and the physical layer frame is processed to obtain a stream of transmission data.

The above explains the process flow for the third solution method for LDM compatibility.

　＜Variations＞

(Combination of solutions)
In the above description, the first to third solutions are described separately, but two or more solutions may be combined.

For example, by combining the first and second solutions, when using the same synchronization pattern with a common frame synchronization symbol (FSS) in a physical layer frame, it is possible to concentrate L1 signaling at the beginning of the frame. This allows the receiving device 30 to not only determine the multiplexing method when processing the physical layer frame, but also to shorten the time it takes to achieve synchronization.

Furthermore, for example, by combining the first and third solutions, it is possible to include discrimination information for discriminating the multiplexing method as P1 signaling information in the physical layer frame, and to place a P2 symbol for each layer (FDM layer or LDM layer). This allows the receiving device 30 to not only discriminate the multiplexing method when processing the physical layer frame, but also to convert the preamble of the physical layer frame into FDM or LDM.

(Other multiplexing methods)
In the above description, three multiplexing methods, namely, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), are exemplified as multiplexing methods, but other multiplexing methods, such as, for example, hierarchical time division multiplexing (LDM_TDM) and hierarchical frequency division multiplexing (LDM_FDM), may be included. In addition, the multiplexing method is not limited to the three multiplexing methods, namely, frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), and hierarchical division multiplexing (LDM), and may be any method that involves two or more multiplexing methods.

(Application to other broadcasting systems)
The above explanation has focused on ISDB (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting), a standard for digital television broadcasting adopted in Japan and other countries. However, the present technology may also be applied to ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee), a standard adopted in the United States and other countries, or DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting), a standard adopted in European countries and other countries.

In other words, even in the current ATSC and DVB standards, there are no specifications for a method of implementing multiple multiplexing methods (e.g., FDM, TDM, LDM, etc.) in the same broadcasting system, and by applying this technology, more flexible operation is possible when implementing multiple multiplexing methods in the same broadcasting system. Furthermore, the above-mentioned hierarchy (FDM hierarchy) can also be conceptually considered as a PLP (Physical Layer Pipe). In this case, the multiple hierarchies can also be said to be M-PLP (Multiple-PLP).

In addition, the digital television broadcasting standard can be applied to terrestrial broadcasting, as well as satellite broadcasting using broadcast satellites (BS) and communication satellites (CS), and wired broadcasting such as cable television (CATV).

(Other examples of packets and signaling)
In addition, the names of the above-mentioned packets, frames, signaling (control information), etc. are merely examples, and other names may be used. However, the difference between these names is merely a formal difference, and does not mean that the actual contents of the target packets, frames, signaling, etc. are different.

Furthermore, this technology can also be applied to transmission paths other than broadcast networks, i.e., specific standards (standards other than digital broadcast standards) that are defined assuming the use of communication lines (communication networks) such as the Internet or telephone networks as the transmission path. In such cases, a communication line such as the Internet is used as the transmission path of the transmission system 1 (Fig. 1), and the functions of the data processing device 10 and the transmitting device 20 are provided by a communication server provided on the Internet. Then, the communication server and the receiving device 30 communicate two-way via the communication line.

Below is an explanation of the physical layer frame of a time division multiplexing (TDM) system in which the subframes are FDM-ized (hierarchical).

The time division multiplexing (TDM) physical layer frame in which the subframes are FDM-based, as described below, can be applied to the transmission system 1 in FIG. 1, for example, by using a synchronization pattern resolution technique. Furthermore, the time division multiplexing (TDM) physical layer frame in which the subframes are FDM-based can be applied to any transmission system other than the transmission system 1.

Figure 72 shows an overview of an example of the structure of a physical layer frame for time division multiplexing (TDM).

Hereinafter, the physical layer frame in the case of time division multiplexing (TDM) is also referred to as the TDM frame.

In Figure 72, the horizontal direction represents frequency and the vertical direction represents time. This is the same for subsequent figures showing TDM frames (including FDM-converted TDM frames, described later).

In Figure 72, the TDM frame is composed of, from the top in chronological order, an FSS of 1 (OFDM) symbol, a P1 symbol of 1 or more M symbols, a P2 symbol of 1 or more K symbols, and one or more N subframes #1 to #N. The N subframes #1 to #N are composed of L symbols.

A BS (boundary symbol) can be placed in one or both of the first and last OFDM symbols (in the time direction) of a subframe. In Figure 72, a BS is placed at the beginning and end of the last subframe #N.

Figure 73 shows an overview of an example of the structure of a TDM frame in which subframes are converted to FDM.

In the following, for simplicity, a TDM frame is assumed to contain one subframe.

The TDM frame is also assumed to include 2 (OFDM) P1 symbols and 1 P2 symbol.

For two P1 symbols, the first P1 symbol and the P1 signaling (contained in that P1 symbol) are also called the P1-1 symbol and P1-1 signaling, respectively, in chronological order. The second P1 symbol and P1 signaling are also called the P1-2 symbol and P1-2 signaling, respectively.

In a TDM frame in which subframes are FDM-ized, subframes hierarchically arranged in the frequency direction are arranged in the TDM frame. If a TDM frame contains multiple subframes, the number of layers can be set (different) for each subframe when the subframes are FDM-ized.

In FDM subframes, the channel transmission band (e.g., a frequency band of 6 MHz or the like) is frequency-divided into multiple segments. A hierarchy is then formed by combining one or more segments. For example, the transmission band can be frequency-divided into 33 or 35 segments, with the central 9 segments forming hierarchy A and the remaining 24 or 26 segments on the left and right forming hierarchy B.

In other words, for example, a subframe is divided into 35 segments in the frequency direction, with the central 9 segments constituting the subframe of hierarchical A, and the remaining 26 segments on the left and right constituting the subframe of hierarchical B.

Hereinafter, a TDM frame in which at least the subframes are FDM-converted will also be referred to as an FDM-converted TDM frame.

Furthermore, in the following, in the FDM TDM frame, for example, the transmission band is divided into 35 segments by frequency, with the 9 central segments constituting hierarchical layer A, and the remaining 26 segments on the left and right constituting hierarchical layer B. Here, the schematic structure (rough structure) of the FDM TDM frame when the number of subframes and the number of hierarchical layers is 1 is similar to that of the physical layer frame of FIG. 5, which does not have the concept of subframes and hierarchical layers. However, the FDM TDM frame is significantly different from the physical layer frame of FIG. 5, which does not have the concept of subframes and hierarchical layers, in that the number of subframes and the number of hierarchical layers can be 1 or more. For example, the P2 signaling of the FDM TDM frame includes information about subframes and hierarchical layers, but the P2 signaling of the physical layer frame of FIG. 5 does not include such information, and thus the structures of the FDM TDM frame and the physical layer frame of FIG. 5 are significantly different.

With an FDM-TDM frame, at least the subframes are FDM-ized, so just as in the case of the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method described in Figure 19, it is possible to transmit (send) broadcast service data in the hierarchical A frequency band (partial band corresponding to hierarchical A) of the channel transmission band (frequency band assigned to the channel), and provide a partial reception service in which only the hierarchical A frequency band (signal) is received.

The frequency band of hierarchical A can be said to be a frequency band (partial band) that provides partial reception services within the channel transmission band.

Figure 74 shows an overview of another example of the configuration of an FDM-converted TDM frame.

In Figure 74, in addition to the subframe, the P2 symbol is also FDM-encoded.

When an FDM-based TDM frame contains one subframe, the general configuration of the FDM-based TDM frame in which the subframe and P2 symbol are FDM-based is similar to the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) physical layer frame shown in Figure 7. However, an FDM-based TDM frame differs significantly from a frequency division multiplexing physical layer frame, which does not have the concept of subframes, in that the number of subframes in an FDM-based TDM frame can be one or more. For example, the P2 signaling in an FDM-based TDM frame includes information about subframes, but the P2 signaling in a frequency division multiplexing physical layer frame does not include such information, and this is why the configurations of the FDM-based TDM frame and the frequency division multiplexing physical layer frame are significantly different.

Figure 75 shows details of another example configuration of an FDM-TDM frame.

In Figure 75, P2 and D enclosed in rectangles represent the P2 symbol (subcarrier) in segment units in the frequency direction and the symbol length unit in the time direction, and the data symbol (subcarrier) of the subframe, respectively.

The transmitting device 20 can generate and transmit the TDM frames (including FDM-converted TDM frames) described in Figures 72 to 75.

FIG. 76 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling TDM frames (including FDM-converted TDM frames).

In the figure, parts corresponding to those in Figures 2 and 3 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanation will be omitted below as appropriate.

In FIG. 76, the transmitting device 20 has a data processing unit 221 and a modulation unit 212.

Therefore, the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 76 is the same as that in FIG. 2 in that it has a modulation unit 212, but differs from that in FIG. 2 in that it has a data processing unit 221 instead of the data processing unit 211.

The data processing unit 221 receives and processes the transmission data sent from the data processing device 10 via the communication line 40, and extracts the resulting packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information.

The data processing unit 221 processes packets (frames) of a specific format and physical layer signaling information to generate TDM frames and supply them to the modulation unit 212.

In FIG. 76, the receiving device 30 has an RF unit 311, a demodulation unit 332, and a data processing unit 313.

Therefore, the receiving device 30 in FIG. 76 is the same as that in FIG. 3 in that it has an RF unit 311 and a data processing unit 313, but differs from that in FIG. 3 in that it has a demodulation unit 332 instead of the demodulation unit 312.

The demodulation unit 332 is composed of, for example, a demodulation LSI. The demodulation unit 332 performs demodulation processing on the signal supplied from the RF unit 311. In the demodulation processing, for example, the TDM frame is processed according to physical layer signaling, and a packet in a specified format is obtained. The packet obtained by the demodulation processing is supplied to the data processing unit 313.

The transmitting device 20 can generate and transmit TDM frames, such as the FDM-TDM frames shown in FIG. 75. The receiving device 30 can receive and process the FDM-TDM frames (broadcast signals) from the transmitting device 20.

In FIG. 76, the receiving device 30 can perform at least partial reception of full-band reception (fixed reception) in which the entire band (signal) of the transmission band of the channel through which the FDM-converted TDM frame is transmitted (sent) (e.g., a frequency band such as 6 MHz) is received, and partial reception (narrow-band reception) in which the frequency band of hierarchical A, which is a narrow band that is a part of the transmission band, is received.

Figure 77 is a diagram explaining the processing of FDM-converted TDM frames by the receiving device 30.

Figure 77 shows an FDM-converted TDM frame.

In full-band reception, the receiving device 30 receives signals in the entire band of the channel's transmission band, i.e., signals in the frequency bands of hierarchical layers A and B, and detects the FSS from the full-band signals. The receiving device 30 recognizes the beginning of the FDM-converted TDM frame using the FSS, and acquires (extracts) P1 signaling from the entire P1 symbol immediately following the FSS. The receiving device 30 uses the P1 signaling to extract P2 signaling from the entire P2 symbol, and uses the P2 signaling to extract the subframe (data symbols).

In partial reception, the receiving device 30 receives signals in the hierarchical A frequency band (narrow band) enclosed in a thick frame in the figure within the channel transmission band, i.e., the central 9 segments of the 35 segments, and detects the FSS from the hierarchical A frequency band signal. The receiving device 30 recognizes the start of the FDM-converted TDM frame using the FSS, and obtains P1 signaling from the hierarchical A portion of the P1 symbol immediately after the FSS (the signal in the hierarchical A frequency band). The receiving device 30 uses the P1 signaling to extract P2 signaling from the hierarchical A portion of the P2 symbol, and uses the P2 signaling to extract the hierarchical A portion of the subframe (of its data symbols). The P2 signaling extracted from the hierarchical A portion of the P2 symbol contains information necessary for partial reception (reception of the hierarchical A portion of the subframe).

In partial reception, only a portion of the FSS and P1 symbols transmitted over the entire channel transmission band, i.e., the layer A portion, is received, and the layer B portion is not received.

Therefore, partial reception using FDM-TDM frames may result in significantly worse reception performance, such as the required CNR (carrier to noise ratio), than full-band reception.

In this technology, the degradation of reception performance in partial reception using FDM-TDM frames is suppressed by using one of the first through fifth suppression methods for suppressing degradation of reception performance, or a combination of two or more of them.

Here, the first to fifth suppression methods use the first to fifth FDM TDM frames, respectively, which will be described later. In contrast to the first to fifth FDM TDM frames, the FDM TDM frame in FIG. 77 is also referred to as a normal FDM TDM frame.

Figure 78 is a diagram explaining the first suppression method.

Figure 78 shows an example of the configuration of a first FDM-TDM frame used in the first suppression method.

In the first suppression method, when providing a partial reception service using an FDM-TDM frame, the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-TDM frame is narrowed in the same manner as in the bootstrap of ATSC3.0, and is set to a frequency band within the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides the partial reception service, as shown in Figure 78.

The FFT size of the FSS and P1 symbols narrowed to the frequency band of hierarchical A (hereinafter also referred to as narrowband FSS and P1 symbols) can be, for example, half that in the case of full-band reception.

In this case, when the FFT size of the FSS and P1 symbols in full-band reception is, for example, 1024 (1K) as described in FIG. 22, the FFT size of the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols is 512.

For example, if the sampling frequency Fs is 3.16049 MHz, then the symbol length Tu of the narrowband FSS and P1 symbol is Tu = 1/Fs x FFT size = 1/3.16049 MHz x 512 = 161.996 μsec (microseconds).

In this case, the carrier spacing of the subcarriers of the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols is 1/161.996 μsec = 6.172 kHz.

For example, in the IFFT of the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols, of the 512 points in the FFT size, only the central 242 points are assigned to the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols, and the remaining 270 points on the left and right are assigned 0. In this case, the bandwidth occupied by the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols is 6.172 kHz x 242 = 1.49 MHz.

The P1 symbol required for both full-band reception and partial reception is used as the narrowband P1 symbol.

As a result, the receiving device 30 can process the FDM-converted TDM frame by receiving the narrowband P1 symbol in either full-band reception or partial reception.

In the first FDM TDM frame used in the first suppression method of FIG. 78, the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols are narrowed to a frequency band within the frequency band of hierarchical A, so the amount of information that can be transmitted by the FSS and P1 symbols is reduced compared to when the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols are not narrowed, as in the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77. In addition, synchronization becomes more difficult, and the frequency offset that can be supported becomes smaller.

However, on the other hand, in the first FDM TDM frame used in the first suppression method, the required CNR for partial reception is improved compared to the normal FDM TDM frame in Figure 77, and degradation of reception performance in partial reception using the FDM TDM frame can be suppressed.

Note that here, only the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM TDM frame is narrowed, but the frequency band of the P2 symbol can also be narrowed in the same way as the P1 symbol, and the narrowed P2 symbol with a narrow frequency band can be placed in the FDM TDM frame.

Figure 79 is a diagram explaining the second suppression method.

Figure 79 shows an example of the configuration of a second FDM-TDM frame used in the second suppression method.

In the second suppression method, when providing a partial reception service using an FDM TDM frame, the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM TDM frame is divided (narrowbanded) into the frequency band of hierarchical layer A (partial band) that provides the partial reception service and the frequency band of a layer other than hierarchical layer A, in this case, hierarchical layer B, as shown in Figure 79.

In Figure 79, the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-converted TDM frame are divided into the frequency band of hierarchical A on the left, the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right, and the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right.

The FFT size of the FSS and P1 symbols divided into the frequency band of hierarchical A, the frequency band of hierarchical B on the left, and the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right (hereinafter also referred to as divided FSS and P1 symbols) can be, for example, half that of when the frequency bands are not divided.

In this case, if the FFT size of the FSS and P1 symbols when the frequency band is not divided is, for example, 1024 (1K) as described in FIG. 22, the FFT size of the divided FSS and P1 symbols will be 512.

For example, the same P1 symbol (information) required for both full band reception and partial reception can be used as each of the divided P1 symbols for the frequency band of hierarchical A, the frequency band of hierarchical B on the left, and the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right.

In addition, for example, the P1 symbol required for partial reception (P1 signaling) can be used as the divided P1 symbol for the frequency band of hierarchical A, and the P1 symbol required for full band reception can be used as the divided P1 symbol for the frequency band of hierarchical B on the left side and for the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right side.

In any case, in partial reception, the receiving device 30 can process the FDM-converted TDM frame by receiving the divided P1 symbol of the frequency band of hierarchical A.

In the second FDM TDM frame used in the second suppression method of FIG. 79, the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols are divided into multiple frequency bands including the frequency band of hierarchical A. This may make the processing of full-band reception more complicated compared to the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77, in which the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols are not divided.

However, on the other hand, with the second FDM TDM frame used in the second suppression method, the required CNR for partial reception is improved compared to the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77, and degradation of reception performance in partial reception using the FDM TDM frame can be suppressed. Furthermore, for full-band reception, it is possible to maintain the same amount of information transmission and other performance as with the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77.

In addition, in the FDM TDM frame, the frequency band of the P2 symbol is also divided (narrowbanded) in the same way as the P1 symbol, and the divided P2 symbols with their divided frequency bands can be placed in the FDM TDM frame.

Figure 80 illustrates the third suppression method.

Figure 80 shows an example of the configuration of a third FDM-TDM frame used in the third suppression method.

In the third suppression method, when a partial reception service is provided using an FDM TDM frame, the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM TDM frame is narrowed to a frequency band within the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides the partial reception service, as in the first suppression method of Figure 78, and the narrow-band FSS and P1 symbols and the FSS and P1 symbols before narrow-banding (hereinafter also referred to as full-band FSS and P1) are arranged in the time direction of the FDM TDM frame, as shown in Figure 80.

In Figure 80, the narrowband FSS is placed at the beginning of the FDM TDM frame, followed in that order by the full-band FSS, the P1-1 symbol of the narrowband P1 symbols, the P1-1 symbol of the full-band P1 symbols, the P1-2 symbol of the narrowband P1 symbols, and the P1-2 symbol of the full-band P1 symbols.

Note that the order in which the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols and the fullband FSS and P1 symbols are arranged is not limited to this. For example, the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols can be arranged first, followed by the fullband FSS and P1 symbols. Also, for example, the narrowband FSS and fullband FSS can be arranged in that order, followed by the P1-1 symbol and P1-2 symbol of the narrowband P1 symbol, and the P1-1 symbol and P1-2 symbol of the fullband P1 symbol, in that order.

The FFT size of the full-band FSS and P1 symbols can be, for example, 1024 (1K) as described in FIG. 22. The FFT size of the narrow-band FSS and P1 symbols can be, for example, half that of full-band reception, for example, 512 here, as in the first suppression method.

In the third suppression method, as in the first suppression method, the narrowband P1 symbol can be the P1 symbol required for both partial reception and full-band reception, or only the P1 symbol required for partial reception can be used.

In partial reception, the receiving device 30 can process the FDM TDM frame by receiving the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols. In full-band reception, the receiving device 30 can process the FDM TDM frame by receiving the full-band FSS and P1 symbols.

In the third FDM TDM frame used in the third suppression method of FIG. 80, narrowband FSS and P1 symbols as well as fullband FSS and P1 symbols are allocated, so that, as in the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77, fullband FSS and P1 symbols are allocated, but it takes longer to transmit the FSS and P1 symbols than when narrowband FSS and P1 symbols are not allocated.

However, on the other hand, in the third FDM TDM frame used in the third suppression method, the required CNR for partial reception is improved compared to the normal FDM TDM frame in Figure 77, and degradation of reception performance in partial reception using the FDM TDM frame can be suppressed.

Furthermore, in full-band reception, by receiving full-band FSS and P1 symbols, it is possible to avoid the effects of the first suppression method, which occurs when only narrowband FSS and P1 symbols are allocated as FSS and P1 symbols, such as a reduction in the amount of information that can be transmitted by FSS and P1 symbols, difficulty in achieving synchronization, and a reduction in the frequency offset that can be handled.

Note that here, only the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbol of the FDM TDM frame is narrowed, but the frequency band of the P2 symbol can also be narrowed in the same way as the P1 symbol, and the narrow-band P2 symbol, which has a narrow frequency band, and the full-band P2 symbol, which is the P2 symbol before narrow-banding, can be arranged in the time direction of the FDM TDM frame.

Figure 81 is a diagram explaining the fourth suppression method.

Figure 81 shows an example of the configuration of a fourth FDM-TDM frame used in the fourth suppression method.

In the fourth suppression method, when providing a partial reception service using an FDM-TDM frame, as shown by shading in Figure 81, the (transmission) power of the FSS and P1 symbols of the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides the partial reception service among the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-TDM frame is boosted to be greater than the power of the other frequency bands.

The receiving device 30 can perform partial reception and full-band reception in the same manner as in the case of a normal FDM-converted TDM frame in Figure 77.

In the fourth FDM TDM frame used in the fourth suppression method of Figure 81, the power of the FSS and P1 symbols in the frequency band of hierarchical A is boosted, so that the required CNR for partial reception is improved compared to the normal FDM TDM frame of Figure 77 where no such boosting is performed, and degradation of reception performance for partial reception using an FDM TDM frame can be suppressed. However, the degree of improvement in the required CNR with the fourth suppression method may be inferior to the degree of improvement in the required CNR with the first suppression method, depending on the degree of boosting.

Furthermore, with the fourth FDM TDM frame used in the fourth suppression method, full-band reception can maintain the same amount of information transmission, synchronization, and other performance as with the normal unboosted FDM TDM frame of Figure 77.

Note that here, only the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-converted TDM frame are boosted, but the P2 symbol can also be boosted in the same way as the FSS and P1 symbols.

Figure 82 is a diagram explaining the fifth suppression method.

Figure 82 shows an example of the configuration of a fifth FDM-TDM frame used in the fifth suppression method.

In the fifth suppression method, when providing a partial reception service using an FDM-converted TDM frame, the FSS and P1 symbols are configured so that the information bits of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-converted TDM frame have more redundancy than in the case of a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-converted, as shown by the diagonal lines in Figure 82.

For example, in a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-enabled, if the FFT size of the FSS and P1 symbols is 1K and 10 bits of signaling are possible per (OFDM) symbol, then in the fifth FDM-enabled TDM frame, redundancy can be achieved by configuring the FSS and P1 symbols so that, for example, 5 bits of signaling are possible per (OFDM) symbol, which is half that of a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-enabled.

Furthermore, redundancy can be provided by configuring the FSS and P1 symbols so that the same information is transmitted multiple times, for example twice.

In the fifth FDM TDM frame used in the fifth suppression method of FIG. 82, the FSS and P1 symbols are configured to provide more redundancy in the information bits of the FSS and P1 symbols than in a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-enabled, so the amount of information that can be transmitted by the FSS and P1 symbols is reduced compared to the normal FDM TDM frame of FIG. 77, which has the same redundancy as a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-enabled.

However, on the other hand, in the fifth FDM TDM frame used in the fifth suppression method, the FSS and P1 symbols are configured to provide more redundancy than in the case of a TDM frame in which the subframes are not FDM-ized, improving robustness. Furthermore, in the fifth FDM TDM frame used in the fifth suppression method, the required CNR for partial reception is improved compared to the normal FDM TDM frame in FIG. 77, and deterioration of reception performance in partial reception using an FDM TDM frame can be suppressed. However, the degree of improvement in the required CNR with the fifth suppression method may be inferior to the degree of improvement in the required CNR with the first suppression method, depending on the degree of redundancy.

Note that, here, the information bits of the FSS and P1 symbols of the FDM-converted TDM frame are given more redundancy than in the case of a TDM frame in which the subframes are not FDM-converted, but the P2 symbol can be configured to have a similar redundancy in its information bits.

FIG. 83 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 76 when a partial reception service is provided using the first to fifth FDM-converted TDM frames in the transmission system 1.

In step S111, the data processing unit 221 of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream from the data processing device 10 to generate an FDM-converted TDM frame (e.g., any one of the first to fifth FDM-converted TDM frames), and the process proceeds to step S112.

In step S112, the modulation unit 212 of the transmitting device 20 performs the necessary processing on the FDM-converted TDM frame generated by the data processing unit 221, and transmits the resulting broadcast signal of the FDM-converted TDM frame.

When the first suppression method is adopted, the data processing unit 221 generates a first FDM TDM frame in which the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols are arranged in a frequency band within the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides partial reception services, as described in FIG. 78.

When the second suppression method is adopted, the data processing unit 221 generates a second FDM-converted TDM frame in which the divided FSS and P1 symbols are arranged, as described in FIG. 79, in which the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols is divided into the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides partial reception service, the frequency band of hierarchical B on the left side, which is a layer other than hierarchical A, and the frequency band of hierarchical B on the right side.

When the third suppression method is adopted, the data processing unit 221 generates a third FDM TDM frame in which narrowband FSS and P1 symbols, in which the frequency band of the FSS and P1 symbols has been narrowed to a frequency band within the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides partial reception services, as described in FIG. 80, and full-band FSS and P1 symbols, which are the FSS and P1 symbols before narrowband narrowing, are arranged in the time direction.

When the fourth suppression method is adopted, the data processing unit 221 boosts the power of the FSS and P1 symbols in the frequency band (partial band) of hierarchical A that provides partial reception services among the frequency bands of the FSS and P1 symbols described in FIG. 81, and generates a fourth FDM-converted TDM frame in which the power is higher than that of the other frequency bands. The boost can be performed by multiplying the symbol (signal point) on the (IQ) constellation by a predetermined value.

When the fifth suppression method is adopted, the data processing unit 221 generates a fifth FDM-converted TDM frame in which FSS and P1 symbols are arranged so as to provide more redundancy to the information bits of the FSS and P1 symbols than in the case of a TDM frame in which the subframes are not FDM-converted, as described in FIG. 82.

FIG. 84 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the receiving device 30 in FIG. 76 when a partial reception service is provided using the first through fifth FDM-converted TDM frames in the transmission system 1.

In step S121, the RF unit 311 of the receiving device 30 receives the broadcast signal transmitted (transmitted) from the transmitting device 20, and the process proceeds to step S122.

In step S122, the demodulation unit 332 of the receiving device 30 processes the FDM-converted TDM frame obtained from the broadcast signal received by the RF unit 311, and the process proceeds to step S123.

When performing partial reception, the RF unit 311 receives a broadcast signal in the frequency band (narrowband) of hierarchical A. The demodulation unit 332 detects the FSS from the hierarchical A portion of the FDM TDM frame obtained from the broadcast signal received by the RF unit 311. The demodulation unit 332 recognizes the start of the FDM TDM frame from the FSS, and obtains P1 signaling from the hierarchical A portion of the P1 symbol immediately after the FSS. The demodulation unit 332 uses the P1 signaling to extract P2 signaling from the hierarchical A portion of the P2 symbol, and uses the P2 signaling to extract the hierarchical A portion of the subframe (data symbols). The demodulation unit 332 obtains a stream of transmission data from the hierarchical A portion of the subframe.

When the third suppression method among the first to fifth suppression methods is adopted, the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols among the narrowband FSS and P1 symbols and the fullband FSS and P1 symbols shown in FIG. 80 are used to process the FDM TDM frame.

In step S123, the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30 processes the stream acquired by the demodulation unit 332 to acquire higher-layer signaling and component streams. By processing the higher-layer signaling and component streams, content such as a broadcast program is played back.

Figure 85 shows an example of the configuration of an FDM-converted P2 symbol placed in an FDM-converted TDM frame.

In Figure 85, the P2 symbol (and subframes not shown in Figure 85) are FDM-encoded into layer A and layer B.

FIG. 85 shows the case where one (OFDM) P2 symbol is placed, and the case where two P2 symbols are placed. Note that three or more P2 symbols can be placed.

In the layer A portion of the P2 symbol, fixed-length L1B signaling (P2 basic information) (P2 symbol) is placed from the beginning (lowest frequency), followed by variable-length L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) (P2 symbol). In addition, data (Payload Data) (subframe data symbols) is placed in the remaining part of the layer A portion of the P2 symbol.

The L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) placed in the layer A portion of the P2 symbol can contain only information about layer A (L1D signaling required for partial reception), or it can contain information about layer A and information about layer B (L1D signaling required for full-band reception).

In the layer B portion of the P2 symbol, variable length L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) is placed from the beginning, and data (Payload Data) is placed in the remaining portion. The L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) placed in the layer B portion of the P2 symbol can only contain information related to layer B.

If the variable-length L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) placed in the layer A or layer B portion of the P2 symbol fits into one (OFDM) symbol, one P2 symbol is placed.

If the variable-length L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) placed in the layer A or layer B portion of the P2 symbol does not fit into one symbol, two (or more) P2 symbols are placed.

Below, we explain the syntax of P1 signaling (P1-1 signaling and P1-2 signaling) of the P1 symbol placed in the FDM-converted TDM frame, and the syntax of P2 signaling (L1B signaling and L1D signaling) of the P2 symbol.

Figure 86 shows an example of P1-1 signaling syntax.

P1-1 signaling (P1_symbol_1()) has 1 bit of emergency_warning, 2 bits of band_width, 1 bit of partial_reception_flag, and 4 bits of next_frame.

emergency_warning is an emergency warning information flag indicating whether or not there is emergency warning information, and band_width indicates the frequency band of the P2 symbol. partial_reception_flag indicates whether or not partial reception service is provided, and next_frame indicates the time range up to the P1 symbol of the next FDM-converted TDM frame.

Figure 87 shows an example of the semantics of emergency_warning.

If there is no emergency alert information (emergency information), emergency_warning is set to 0b, and if there is emergency alert information, emergency_warning is set to 1b. The b indicates that the number before it is a binary number.

Figure 88 shows an example of the semantics of band_width.

In Figure 88, the frequency band (mode) of the P2 symbol is available in normal mode and compatible mode.

In normal mode, the channel transmission band (e.g., 6 MHz) is divided into 35 frequency segments, and the frequency band of those 35 segments (e.g., 5.83 MHz) is the frequency band of the P2 symbol.

In compatibility mode, 33 of the 35 segments and the adjustment band are used as the frequency band of the P2 symbol. The adjustment band is the frequency band on either side of the 33 segments to make the frequency band of the P2 symbol the same signal bandwidth (5.57 MHz) as ISDB-T.

If the frequency band of the P2 symbol is in normal mode, band_width is set to 01b, and if the frequency band of the P2 symbol is in compatible mode, band_width is set to 10b.

For bandwidth, 00b and 11b are reserved (for future use).

Figure 89 shows an example of the semantics of partial_reception_flag.

If partial reception service is not provided, partial_reception_flag is set to 0b; if partial reception service is provided, partial_reception_flag is set to 1b.

Figure 90 shows an example of the semantics of next_frame.

For next_frame, values 0000b through 0110b are assigned to each time range, and values 0111b through 1111b are reserved.

next_frame is set to a value that is assigned to the time range that includes the time until the P1 symbol of the next FDM TDM frame.

Figure 91 shows an example of P1-2 signaling syntax.

P1-2 signaling (P1_symbol_2()) has 2 bits of P2_Basic_fec_type, 2 bits of P2_Basic_fft_size, 2 bits of P2_Basic_cp_pattern, and 2 bits of P2_Basic_guard_interval.

P2_Basic_fec_type indicates the FEC type of L1B signaling (P2 basic information). The FEC type is a combination of an error correction code and a modulation method. Here, two FEC types are available: Mode 2 and Mode 5.

P2_Basic_fft_size represents the FFT size of L1B signaling (including P2 symbols). P2_Basic_cp_pattern represents the pilot pattern of L1B signaling (including P2 symbols), and P2_Basic_guard_interval represents the guard interval length of L1B signaling (including P2 symbols).

Figure 92 shows an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_fec_type.

If the FEC type of L1B signaling is Mode 2, P2_Basic_fec_type is set to 00b, and if the FEC type of L1B signaling is Mode 5, P2_Basic_fec_type is set to 01b.

For P2_Basic_fec_type, 10b and 11b are reserved.

Figure 93 shows an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_fft_size.

If the FFT size of L1B signaling is 8k, 16k, or 32k, P2_Basic_fft_size is set to 00b, 01b, or 10b, respectively.

For P2_Basic_fft_size, 11b is reserved.

Figure 94 shows an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_cp_pattern.

For P2_Basic_cp_pattern, each pilot pattern is assigned a value from 00b to 11b. In FIG. 94, DX represents the arrangement period of the pilot signal (symbol (subcarrier)) in the frequency direction, and DY represents the arrangement period of the pilot signal in the time direction.

P2_Basic_cp_pattern is set to a value assigned to the pilot pattern that represents the arrangement of pilot signals in L1B signaling.

Figure 95 shows an example of the semantics of P2_Basic_guard_interval.

For P2_Basic_guard_interval, values 00b to 11b are assigned as the guard interval length. In Fig. 95, the ratio of the guard interval length to the symbol length is used as the value of the guard interval length. In Fig. 95, N _FFT is the FFT size represented by P2_Basic_fft_size in Fig. 93.

P2_Basic_guard_interval is set to a value that is assigned to the guard interval length (the ratio of the guard interval length to the symbol length) according to the guard interval length of L1B signaling.

Figure 96 shows an example of L1B signaling syntax.

　L1B signaling (P2 basic information) (P2B_signaling()) has 3 bits of P2B_version, 2 bits of P2B_num_subframes, 3 bits of P2B_pilot_phase, 8 bits of P2B_P2_Detail_size_bytes, 2 bits of P2B_P2_Detail_fec_type, 14 bits of P2B_reserved, and 32 bits of P2B_CRC.

P2B_version represents the version of L1B signaling (P2 basic information), and P2B_num_subframes represents the number of subframes. P2B_pilot_phase represents the phase information of the pilot signal, and P2B_P2_Detail_size_bytes represents the size of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information). P2B_P2_Detail_fec_type represents the FEC type of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information), and P2B_reserved is unused bits (reserved). P2B_CRC is the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) code of L1B signaling (from P2B_version to P2B_reserved).

Figure 97 shows an example of the semantics of P2B_Detail_fec_type.

The semantics of P2B_Detail_fec_type in Figure 97 are the same as those of P2_Basic_fec_type in Figure 92, so the explanation is omitted.

Figure 98 shows an example of L1D signaling syntax.

　L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) (P2D_signaling()) has 4 bits of P2D_version and 1 bit of P2D_time_info_flag.

P2D_version indicates the version of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information), and P2D_time_info_flag is a flag indicating whether or not time information is present.

If P2D_time_info_flag indicates that time information is available, the L1D signaling further includes a 2-bit P2D_ntp_leap_indicator and a 64-bit P2D_ntp_time.

P2D_ntp_leap_indicato is the leap second indicator, and P2D_ntp_time is the time information in NTP format.

L1D signaling further has one bit P2D_eas_wake_up.

P2D_eas_wake_up is a flag that indicates whether emergency earthquake information is available.

If P2D_eas_wake_up indicates that there is emergency seismic information, the L1D signaling further includes a 95-bit P2D_eas_code.

P2D_eas_code is emergency seismic information.

The L1D signaling further includes a set of 2-bit P2D_subframe_fft_size, 3-bit P2D_subframe_guard_interval, 4-bit P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern, 11-bit P2D_subframe_num_ofdm_symbols, 1-bit P2D_subframe_bs_first, 1-bit P2D_subframe_bs_last, and 2-bit P2D_num_layers, the number of which is equal to the number of subframes represented by P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96.

P2D_subframe_fft_size represents the FFT size of the subframe, and P2D_subframe_guard_interval represents the guard interval length of the subframe. P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern represents the pilot pattern of the subframe, and P2D_subframe_num_ofdm_symbols represents the number of (OFDM) symbols that make up the subframe. P2D_subframe_bs_firs represents the presence or absence of a BS at the beginning of the subframe, and P2D_subframe_bs_last represents the presence or absence of a BS at the end of the subframe. P2D_num_layers represents the number of layers in the subframe (how many layers are FDM-ized).

The L1D signaling further includes a set of 7-bit P2D_layer_num_subsegments, 3-bit P2D_layer_carrier_modulation, 1-bit P2D_layer_constellation_type, 2-bit P2D_layer_code_length, 4-bit P2D_layer_code_rate, 3-bit P2D_layer_time_interleaving_depth, 3-bit P2D_layer_data_boost, and 16-bit P2D_layer_fec_block_pointer for each subframe, the number of which is equal to the number of layers represented by P2D_num_layers.

P2D_layer_num_subsegments represents the number of segments in the subframe hierarchy, and P2D_layer_carrier_modulation represents the modulation method for the data symbols (subcarriers) in the subframe hierarchy. P2D_layer_constellation_type represents the type (identification) of the constellation for the data symbols in the subframe hierarchy, and P2D_layer_code_length represents the code length of the error correction code in the subframe hierarchy. P2D_layer_code_rate represents the coding rate of the error correction code, and P2D_layer_time_interleaving_depth represents the time interleaving length in the subframe hierarchy. P2D_layer_data_boost represents the boost ratio of the data symbols (subcarriers (data carriers)) in the subframe hierarchy to the default power. P2D_layer_fec_block_pointer is the FEC block pointer that represents the start position of the FEC block in the subframe hierarchy.

L1D signaling further comprises a variable length Auxiliary_data (), the required number of bits of P2D_reserved, and a 32-bit P2D_CRC.

Auxiliary_data () is auxiliary transmission control auxiliary information that can be used for transmission control, etc.

P2D_reserved is the number of unused bits required to byte align L1D signaling.

P2D_CRC is the CRC code for L1D signaling.

Figure 99 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_ntp_leap_indicator.

To indicate that no leap second should be inserted or deleted (no warning), P2D_ntp_leap_indicator is set to 00b. To indicate that a leap second should be deleted, i.e., the last minute should be 59 seconds, P2D_ntp_leap_indicator is set to 01b. To indicate that a leap second should be inserted, i.e., the last minute should be 61 seconds, P2D_ntp_leap_indicator is set to 10b. To indicate that the leap second is unknown, i.e., it is unknown how many seconds the last minute should be, P2D_ntp_leap_indicator is set to 11b.

Figure 100 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_fft_size.

In Figure 100, the semantics of P2D_subframe_fft_size are similar to those of P2_Basic_fft_size in Figure 93, so the explanation is omitted.

Figure 101 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_guard_interval.

For P2D_subframe_guard_interval, values 000b to 101b are assigned as the guard interval length, and values 110b to 111b are reserved. In Fig. 101, as in Fig. 95, the ratio of the guard interval length to the symbol length is used as the value of the guard interval length. In Fig. 101, N _FFT is the FFT size represented by P2D_subframe_fft_size in Fig. 100.

P2D_subframe_guard_interval is set to a value that is assigned to the guard interval length depending on the guard interval length of the subframe.

Figure 102 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern.

For P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern, each pilot pattern is assigned to a value from 0000b to 1101b, and values from 1110b to 1111b are reserved. In FIG. 102, DX represents the arrangement period of the pilot signal in the frequency direction, and DY represents the arrangement period of the pilot signal in the time direction.

P2D_subframe_scattered_pilot_pattern is set to a value that is assigned to the pilot pattern that represents the arrangement of pilot signals in the subframe.

Figure 103 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_num_subsegments.

For P2D_layer_num_subsegments, the values 0000000b to 1101000b are assigned the number of segments in the range of 1/3 to 35 segments in 1/3 segment increments, and the values 1101001b to 1111111b are reserved.

P2D_layer_num_subsegments is set to a value that is assigned to the number of segments that make up the subframe hierarchy.

Figure 104 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_carrier_modulation.

If the modulation method of the subcarrier of the subframe layer is QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 1024 QAM, or 4096 QAM, P2D_layer_carrier_modulation is set to 000b or 101b, respectively.

For P2D_layer_carrier_modulation, 110b and 111b are reserved.

Figure 105 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_constellation_type.

If the constellation of the data symbols (subcarriers) of the subframe layer is UC (Uniform Constellation) or NUC (Non Uniform Constellation), P2D_layer_constellation_type is set to 0b or 1b, respectively.

Figure 106 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_code_length.

In this embodiment, for example, 17280 (17k) bits (Short) and 69120 (69k) bits (Normal) are provided as the code length of the error correction code (e.g., LDPC code). When the code length of the error correction code of the subframe layer is Short or Normal, P2D_layer_code_length is set to 00b or 01b, respectively.

For P2D_layer_code_length, 10b and 11b are reserved.

Figure 107 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_code_rate.

In this embodiment, for example, 2/16 to 14/16 are available as the coding rate of the error correction code. When the coding rate of the error correction code of the subframe layer is 2/16 to 14/16, P2D_layer_code_rate is set to 0000b to 1100b, respectively.

For P2D_layer_code_rate, 1101b and 1111b are reserved.

Figure 108 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_time_interleaving_length.

If the time interleaving length I of the subframe layer is 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, or 3, P2D_layer_time_interleaving_length is set to 000b or 111b, respectively.

Figure 109 shows an example of the semantics of P2D_layer_data_boost.

If the boost ratio of the data symbol (subcarrier (data carrier)) of the subframe layer is 0 dB, 2 or 8 dB, P2D_layer_data_boost is set to 000b or 111b, respectively.

Figure 110 shows an example of the syntax for Auxiliary_data ().

Auxiliary_data () has 3 bits of aux_num_data, which indicates the number of pieces of transmission control auxiliary information.

Auxiliary_data () further has a set of 8-bit aux_data_type and 8-bit aux_data_size, the number of which is equal to the number of pieces of transmission control auxiliary information represented by aux_num_data.

In aux_data_type, following aux_data_type and aux_data_size, the transmission control auxiliary information of the type represented by aux_data_type is placed, and this is repeated the number of times as many times as the number of transmission control auxiliary information represented by aux_num_data.

Figure 111 shows an example of P2 signaling syntax that combines L1B signaling and L1D signaling.

The P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) (P2 information) in Figure 111 is composed of the variables that make up the L1B signaling (P2 basic information) (P2B) in Figure 96 and the variables that make up the L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) (P2D) in Figure 98, so the explanation will be omitted.

Figure 112 is a diagram explaining specific examples of FEC types.

As explained in Figure 91, there are two FEC types, which are combinations of error correction codes and modulation methods: Mode 2 and Mode 5.

Mode 2 represents a combination of an error-correcting code with a coding rate of 3/16 and a code length of 17,280 bits (Short) and QPSK.

Mode 5 represents a combination of an error correcting code with a coding rate of 6/16 and a code length of 17280 bits, and 64NUC (64QAM-NUC).

For example, only Mode 2 can be adopted for L1B signaling (P2 basic information), and Mode 2 and Mode 5 can be selectively adopted for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information).

The information bit K _sig of the L1B signaling has a fixed length of 64 bits. The information bit K _sig of the L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) has a variable length of 106 bits or more. The information bit K _sig of the L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) has a minimum value of 106 when there is no time information (P2D_ntp_time in FIG. 98), the number of subframes (P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96) is 1, and the number of layers of the subframe (P2D_num_layers in FIG. 98) is 1.

Figure 113 shows a first example of the syntax of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information.

In ISDB-T, one channel is exclusively used by one broadcasting company, but with the advanced system, a shared broadcasting system in which one channel can be used by multiple broadcasting companies is being considered.

In a shared-use broadcasting system, a physical layer frame that can have one or more subframes is used, such as the TDM frames (including FDM-converted TDM frames) shown in Figures 6 and 72. Subframes of a physical layer frame of one channel (a physical layer frame transmitted on one channel) can be used by multiple broadcasters.

In other words, for a physical layer frame of one channel, one or more subframes may be used by one broadcaster, and one or more other subframes may be used by another broadcaster.

When multiple broadcasters use the physical layer frame of one channel, in order to watch a broadcast for fixed receivers or a broadcast for mobile receivers from a specific broadcaster, the receiving device 30 needs to identify and extract the subframe used by the specific broadcaster from the physical layer frame during the channel selection process.

According to ARIB STD-B60, broadcaster_id is described in MH-BIT (MH-Broadcaster_Information_Table()) as information to identify a broadcaster. A unique broadcaster_id value is assigned to each broadcaster. Therefore, the same broadcaster_id value will not be assigned to different broadcasters.

The broadcaster_id identifies the broadcaster using the subframe and identifies the subframe used by a specific broadcaster.

However, the MH-BIT in which the broadcaster_id is described is transmitted in the transport layer. For this reason, it is not possible to use the broadcaster_id to identify the broadcaster using the subframe until information on all subframes in the physical layer frame has been obtained, which complicates the channel selection process of the receiving device 30. Furthermore, the time required for the channel selection process increases.

Therefore, this technology generates a physical layer frame that contains specific information that identifies a group of subframes used by the same broadcaster as physical layer information, and processes the physical layer frame using the specific information.

By using the specific information, which is physical layer information, it is possible to easily identify and (simultaneously) extract subframes used by the same broadcaster from the physical layer frame. This makes it easy to select between broadcasts for fixed receivers and broadcasts for mobile receivers by the same broadcaster.

Below, we will explain a shared-use broadcasting system using an FDM-TDM frame as a physical layer frame capable of having one or more subframes, and using as an example a case in which specific information is included as the physical layer information of the physical layer frame, for example, the P2 signaling information in the preamble.

Note that a physical layer frame capable of having one or more subframes is not limited to an FDM-converted TDM frame. A physical layer frame capable of having one or more subframes may be, for example, a TDM frame whose subframes are not FDM-converted.

Figure 113 shows a first example of the syntax of L1D signaling when specific information is included in the L1D signaling of P2 signaling.

In the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 113, a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is added as specific information to the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 98.

The L1D signaling in FIG. 113 has a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id for the number of subframes represented by P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96, and the P2D_subframe_group_id is assigned to each subframe in the physical layer frame (here, the FDM-converted TDM frame).

FIG. 114 shows an example of the allocation of the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to a subframe.

In Figure 114, the horizontal direction represents time and the vertical direction represents frequency (bandwidth). The same applies to similar figures described below.

Figure 114 shows the physical layer frame of a channel c1 with a center frequency of a certain frequency xxx [MHz] and the physical layer frame of another channel c2 with a center frequency of another frequency yyy [MHz].

The physical layer frame of channel c1 (here, an FDM-converted TDM frame) includes, from its beginning (in chronological order), an FSS (synchronization symbol), a preamble (TMCC), and four subframes #1 to #4. Similarly, the physical layer frame of channel c2 also includes, from its beginning, an FSS, a preamble, and four subframes #1 to #4.

Subframes #1 and #2 of the physical layer frame of channel c1 are used by broadcaster A, and subframes #3 and #4 are used by broadcaster B.

Broadcaster A uses subframes #1 and #2 of the physical layer frame of channel c1 for broadcasting to mobile receivers and broadcasting to fixed receivers, respectively. Methods for broadcasting to mobile receivers include, for example, the first method, which uses partial reception, and the second method, which uses a more robust signal (parameters with high noise resistance) than broadcasting to fixed receivers over the entire transmission bandwidth of the channel, such as an error correction code with high redundancy or a modulation method with a large distance between signal points on the (IQ) constellation. Here, broadcasting to mobile receivers will be performed using the second method.

Broadcaster B uses subframes #3 and #4 of the physical layer frame of channel c1 for broadcasting to mobile receivers and fixed receivers, respectively.

Subframes #1 and #2 of the physical layer frame of channel c2 are used by broadcaster C, and subframes #3 and #4 are used by broadcaster D.

Broadcaster C uses subframes #1 and #2 of the physical layer frame of channel c2 for broadcasting to mobile receivers and fixed receivers, respectively.

Broadcaster D uses subframes #3 and #4 of the physical layer frame of channel c2 for broadcasting to mobile receivers and fixed receivers, respectively.

The 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id is assigned a unique value to subframes in the physical layer frame of the same channel that are used by the same broadcaster.

In Figure 114, in the physical layer frame of channel c1, the same value 00b is assigned as P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A. Furthermore, the same value 01b is assigned as P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes #3 and #4 used by broadcaster B. The "b" indicates that the value before the "b" is a binary number.

Furthermore, in the physical layer frame of channel c2, which is different from channel c1, the same value 00b is assigned as P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster C. Furthermore, the same value 01b is assigned as P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes #3 and #4 used by broadcaster D. P2D_subframe_group_id only needs to be unique within the channel.

When receiving (selecting) channel c1, the receiving device 30 can determine that subframes #1 and #2 are used by the same broadcaster and that subframes #3 and #4 are used by another identical broadcaster, based on the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling in the preamble of the physical layer frame of channel c1.

In other words, for the physical layer frame of channel c1, it is possible to identify that the group of subframes used by one (same) broadcaster is subframes #1 and #2. Furthermore, it is possible to identify that the group of subframes used by another (same) broadcaster is subframes #3 and #4.

In addition, when receiving channel c2, the receiving device 30 can determine that subframes #1 and #2 are used by the same broadcaster and that subframes #3 and #4 are used by another broadcaster using the same broadcaster, based on the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling in the preamble of the physical layer frame of channel c2.

In other words, for the physical layer frame of channel c2, it is possible to identify that the group of subframes used by one broadcaster is subframes #1 and #2. Furthermore, it is possible to identify that the group of subframes used by another broadcaster is subframes #3 and #4.

As described above, by using the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling, subframes used by the same broadcaster can be easily identified and extracted from the physical layer frame. This makes it easy to select between broadcasts for fixed receivers and broadcasts for mobile receivers by the same broadcaster.

Figure 115 shows a second example of the syntax of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information.

Figure 115 shows a second example of the syntax of L1D signaling when specific information is included in the L1D signaling of P2 signaling.

In the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 115, a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) as specific information are added to the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 98.

The L1D signaling in FIG. 115 has a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id for the number of subframes represented by P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96, and the 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id are assigned to each subframe in the physical layer frame.

Therefore, the L1D signaling in Figure 115 is configured by adding a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id assigned to each subframe to the L1D signaling in Figure 113.

The 2-bit P2D_subframe_id is identification information that identifies the subframes of a physical layer frame, and a unique value is assigned to each subframe within a physical layer frame.

FIG. 116 shows an example of the allocation of a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to a subframe.

Figure 116 shows the physical layer frame of channel c1, which has a center frequency of xxx [MHz].

The physical layer frame of channel c1 (here, an FDM-converted TDM frame) includes, from the beginning, an FSS, a preamble, and four subframes #1 to #4.

The four subframes #1 to #4 are assigned

sequential values

00b, 01b, 10b, and 11b as unique 2-bit P2D_subframe_ids, respectively.

The receiving device 30 can identify subframes within a physical layer frame using the P2D_subframe_id.

In Figure 116, the allocation of the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id as specific information is the same as in Figure 114, so the explanation is omitted.

When the L1D signaling in FIG. 115 is adopted, as in the case of adopting the L1D signaling in FIG. 113, the receiving device 30 can easily identify and extract subframes used by the same broadcaster from the physical layer frame by using the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling. Therefore, it is easy to select broadcasts for fixed receivers and broadcasts for mobile receivers by the same broadcaster.

Figure 117 shows a third example of the syntax of L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information.

Figure 117 shows a third example of the syntax of L1D signaling when specific information is included in the L1D signaling of P2 signaling.

In the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 117, an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is added as specific information to the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 98.

The L1D signaling in FIG. 117 has an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id for the number of subframes represented by P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96, and an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id is assigned to each subframe in the physical layer frame.

Therefore, the L1D signaling in FIG. 117 is configured with an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id instead of the 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling in FIG. 113.

In Figure 117, the 8-bit P2D_subframe_id as identification information is, like the 2-bit P2D_subframe_id in Figure 113, information that identifies a group of subframes used by the same broadcaster, and also information that identifies the broadcaster that uses the subframe.

Figure 118 shows an example of the allocation of 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes.

Figure 118 shows the physical layer frame of channel c1, which has a center frequency of xxx [MHz].

Broadcaster A uses subframes #1 and #2 of the physical layer frame of channel c1 for broadcasting to mobile receivers and fixed receivers, respectively.

The 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id is assigned a unique value for each broadcaster using the same channel (subframes of the physical layer frame), and the value assigned to each broadcaster is assigned to the subframes used by that broadcaster.

In Figure 118, broadcasters A and B using channel c1 are assigned 0x00 and 0x01, respectively, as the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id. The 0x indicates that the value following the 0x is a hexadecimal number.

In the physical layer frame of channel c1, subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A are assigned 0x00 as the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id assigned to broadcaster A. Furthermore, subframes #3 and #4 used by broadcaster B are assigned 0x01 as the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id assigned to broadcaster A.

When receiving channel c1, the receiving device 30 can determine that subframes #1 and #2 are used by the same broadcaster and that subframes #3 and #4 are used by another broadcaster using the same 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling in the preamble of the physical layer frame of channel c1.

Furthermore, it can be determined that subframes #1 and #2 are used by broadcaster A, and subframes #3 and #4 are used by broadcaster B.

As described above, by using the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling, it is possible to easily identify and extract subframes used by specific broadcasting operators A and B from the physical layer frame. This makes it easy to select broadcasts for fixed receivers and broadcasts for mobile receivers from a specific (same) broadcasting operator.

Note that here, a unique value is assigned to the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id for each broadcaster using the same channel, but the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id can also be assigned a unique value for each broadcaster across all channels, similar to the broadcaster_id described in the MH-BIT above.

However, if a unique value is assigned to the P2D_subframe_group_id for each broadcaster across all channels, the P2D_subframe_group_id must have a number of bits that allows all broadcasters to be assigned different P2D_subframe_group_id values.

On the other hand, when a unique value is assigned as P2D_subframe_group_id to each broadcaster using the same channel, the number of bits of P2D_subframe_group_id can be set so that different values of P2D_subframe_group_id can be assigned to broadcasters using the same channel, not to all broadcasters, so the number of bits of P2D_subframe_group_id can be set smaller than when a unique value is assigned to each broadcaster across all channels. In this case, overhead can be reduced.

Figure 119 shows a fourth example of the syntax for L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) including specific information.

Figure 119 shows a fourth example of the syntax of L1D signaling when specific information is included in the L1D signaling of P2 signaling.

In the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 119, a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) as specific information are added to the L1D signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 98.

The L1D signaling in FIG. 119 has a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id for the number of subframes represented by P2B_num_subframes in FIG. 96, and the 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id are assigned to each subframe in the physical layer frame.

Therefore, the L1D signaling in Figure 119 is configured by adding a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id assigned to each subframe to the L1D signaling in Figure 117.

FIG. 120 shows an example of the allocation of a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id and an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id to subframes.

Figure 120 shows the physical layer frame of channel c1, which has a center frequency of xxx [MHz].

In Figure 120, the allocation of the 2-bit P2D_subframe_id to the four subframes #1 to #4 is the same as in Figure 116, and the allocation of the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id as specific information is the same as in Figure 118, so a description of either is omitted.

When the L1D signaling in FIG. 119 is adopted, as in the case of adopting the L1D signaling in FIG. 117, the receiving device 30 can easily identify and extract subframes used by a specific (same) broadcaster from the physical layer frame by using the 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id in the L1D signaling. Therefore, it is easy to select broadcasts for fixed receivers and broadcasts for mobile receivers by the same broadcaster.

The 2-bit or 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id and the 2-bit P2D_subframe_id described above are included in the L1D signaling, but if P2 signaling that integrates L1B signaling and L1D signaling (hereinafter also referred to as integrated P2 signaling) is adopted, they can be included in the integrated P2 signaling.

Figure 121 shows an example of the syntax of integrated P2 signaling including specific information.

In the integrated P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) (P2 information) in Figure 121, a 2-bit P2D_subframe_group_id (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is added as specific information to the P2 signaling (P2D_signaling()) in Figure 111, just as in the case of Figure 113.

Integrated P2 signaling can also include an 8-bit P2D_subframe_group_id and a 2-bit P2D_subframe_id, similar to the case of L1D signaling.

FIG. 122 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling a physical layer frame that includes specific information as physical layer information.

In FIG. 122, the transmitting device 20 has a data processing unit 231 and a modulation unit 212.

Therefore, the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 122 is the same as that in FIG. 2 in that it has a modulation unit 212, but differs from that in FIG. 2 in that it has a data processing unit 231 instead of the data processing unit 211.

The data processing unit 231 receives and processes the transmission data sent from the data processing device 10 via the communication line 40, and extracts the resulting packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information.

The data processing unit 231 processes packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information to generate physical layer frames that include specific information as physical layer information, and supplies these to the modulation unit 212.

In FIG. 122, the receiving device 30 has an RF unit 311, a demodulation unit 342, and a data processing unit 313.

Therefore, the receiving device 30 in FIG. 122 is the same as that in FIG. 3 in that it has an RF unit 311 and a data processing unit 313, but differs from that in FIG. 3 in that it has a demodulation unit 342 instead of the demodulation unit 312.

The demodulation unit 342 is composed of, for example, a demodulation LSI. The demodulation unit 342 performs demodulation processing on the signal supplied from the RF unit 311. In the demodulation processing, for example, a physical layer frame is processed according to physical layer signaling such as specific information, and a packet in a specified format is obtained. The packet obtained by the demodulation processing is supplied to the data processing unit 313.

Transmitting device 20 can generate and transmit a physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information, such as the physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information shown in FIG. 113, etc. The receiving device 30 can receive a (broadcast signal of) a physical layer frame including specific information as physical layer information from transmitting device 20, and process the physical layer frame using the specific information.

FIG. 123 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 122 when a shared-use broadcasting system is broadcast using a physical layer frame that includes specific information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1.

In step S211, the data processing unit 231 (generation unit) of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream from the data processing device 10 to generate a physical layer frame that includes specific information as physical layer information, and the process proceeds to step S212.

In step S212, the modulation unit 212 (transmission unit) of the transmitting device 20 performs the necessary processing on the physical layer frame containing specific information as physical layer information generated by the data processing unit 231, and transmits the broadcast signal of the resulting physical layer frame.

FIG. 124 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the receiving device 30 in FIG. 122 when a shared-use broadcasting system is broadcast using a physical layer frame that includes specific information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1.

In step S221, the RF unit 311 (receiving unit) of the receiving device 30 receives the broadcast signal transmitted (transmitted) from the transmitting device 20, and the process proceeds to step S222.

In step S222, the demodulation unit 342 (processing unit) of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame, which includes specific information as physical layer information obtained from the broadcast signal received by the RF unit 311, using the specific information, and the process proceeds to step S223.

For example, when an (end) user operates the receiving device 30 to receive a broadcast from a specific broadcaster, the RF unit 311 receives a broadcast signal on a channel on which the specific broadcaster is broadcasting, i.e., a channel on which a physical layer frame having a subframe used by the specific broadcaster is transmitted.

The demodulation unit 342 detects the FSS of the physical layer frame that includes specific information obtained from the broadcast signal received by the RF unit 311. The demodulation unit 342 recognizes the beginning of the physical layer frame from the FSS, and obtains P1 signaling from the P1 symbol immediately following the FSS. The demodulation unit 342 uses the P1 signaling to extract P2 signaling from the P2 symbol that follows the P1 symbol, and uses the specific information included in the P2 signaling to identify and extract a group of subframes used by the same broadcaster. The demodulation unit 342 obtains a stream of transmission data of a specific broadcaster from a group of subframes used by a specific broadcaster among the extracted groups of subframes.

In step S223, the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30 processes the stream acquired by the demodulation unit 342 to acquire higher-layer signaling and component streams. By processing the higher-layer signaling and component streams, content such as a broadcast program is played back.

Figure 125 shows an example of P1 signaling syntax that includes state information.

In other words, Figure 125 shows an example of the syntax of P1-1 signaling (P1_symbol_1 ()) that includes state information.

In this advanced method, an emergency warning broadcast system (EWS) that broadcasts emergency alerts is being considered.

In receiving devices that are compatible with emergency alert broadcasts, there is a demand for easy processing related to emergency alert broadcasts.

In this technology, the transmitting device 20 transmits a physical layer frame that includes processing control information for controlling the processing of the receiving device 30 during emergency alert broadcasting as physical layer information, and the receiving device 30 can process the physical layer frame according to the processing control information.

In the P1-1 signaling (P1_symbol_1 ()) in FIG. 125, instead of the 1-bit emergency_warning in the P1-1 signaling in FIG. 86, a 2-bit emergency_warning (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is provided as processing control information that controls the processing of the receiving device 30 when an emergency alert is broadcast.

The 1-bit emergency_warning in FIG. 86 is an emergency alert information flag indicating whether or not there is emergency alert information, while the 2-bit emergency_warning as processing control information in FIG. 125 is status information indicating the status of emergency alert broadcasting.

Figure 126 shows an example of the semantics of the 2-bit emergency_warning status information.

Emergency alert broadcast states include, for example, an emergency alert broadcast state, a no emergency alert broadcast state, and a no emergency alert broadcast operation state. The emergency alert broadcast state is a state in which an emergency alert broadcast (broadcast of emergency alert information) is being carried out, and the no emergency alert broadcast state is a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is not being carried out. The no emergency alert broadcast operation state is a state in which emergency alert broadcast is not being carried out (emergency alert broadcast is not being carried out) on the channel on which the 2-bit emergency_warning status information is transmitted.

For example, a receiving device 30 in standby mode can be made to monitor the 2-bit emergency_warning status information.

If the state represented by emergency_warning is a state where no emergency alert broadcast is being made, the receiving device 30 in standby mode may not be started (it may remain in standby mode).

If the state represented by emergency_warning is a state in which an emergency warning broadcast is being made, the receiving device 30 in standby mode can be controlled to be started (entered into a started state) and the physical layer frame can be processed. Then, the emergency warning information contained in the payload of the physical layer frame (e.g., the transport layer, etc.), for example, a message warning of an impending tsunami or a strong earthquake, can be output (displayed).

As described above, when the state represented by the state information emergency_warning is a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being received, in the case of performing startup control to start up (put into a started state) the receiving device 30 in a standby state, the state information emergency_warning can also be said to be startup control information that performs startup control of the receiving device 30. With emergency_warning, which is also such startup control information, startup control of the receiving device 30 can be easily performed.

In this embodiment, two states are prepared as the state in which an emergency alert broadcast is present: a first state and a second state in which an emergency alert broadcast is present. When the content of the emergency alert information being broadcast changes in one of the first and second states in which an emergency alert broadcast is present, the state in which an emergency alert broadcast is present changes from one state to the other state.

For example, in a first state with emergency alert broadcasts, if emergency alert information is being broadcast to inform the public that a strong earthquake is coming, and the emergency alert information changes to information that a tsunami is coming, the state with emergency alert broadcasts will change from the first state to the second state.

In addition, after the state represented by the 2-bit emergency_warning status information becomes one of the first and second states in which an emergency alert broadcast is present and the receiving device 30 is started, if the user places the receiving device 30 in standby mode (off), for example, because the emergency alert broadcast is not relevant to the user, the receiving device 30 can be prevented from starting up if the state represented by the 2-bit emergency_warning status information remains in one of the states in which an emergency alert broadcast is present.

Then, when the state represented by the 2-bit emergency_warning status information changes from one state in which an emergency alert is broadcast to the other state, that is, when the content of the emergency alert information changes, the receiving device 30 in standby mode can be started (set to an activated state) to notify the emergency alert information with the changed content.

If the state represented by the 2-bit emergency_warning status information is a state in which emergency alert broadcasting is not in operation, there is no emergency alert broadcasting in operation on the channel through which emergency_warning is transmitted, and therefore after receiving emergency_warning indicating a state in which emergency alert broadcasting is not in operation, the receiving device 30 can enter a state in which it does not monitor (stops) emergency_warning, except in special cases.

Special cases include, for example, when initial settings of the receiving device 30, such as receiving channel settings (setting of the logical channel to be received), when the network configuration of the broadcast network is changed, when the user performs a specified operation, etc.

For example, if none of the broadcasters broadcasting on the channel on which the 2-bit emergency_warning status information is transmitted broadcasts emergency alert information, emergency_warning is set to indicate a state in which no emergency alert broadcasting is in operation.

When the receiving device 30 receives emergency_warning, which indicates that no emergency alert broadcast is in operation, and does not (stops) monitoring for emergency_warning for the channel on which the emergency_warning was transmitted, the receiving device 30 that is in standby mode thereafter will not start even if emergency_warning indicates that an emergency alert broadcast is in operation. Therefore, emergency_warning is also information that indicates that startup control of the receiving device 30 will not be performed (will be stopped).

As shown in FIG. 126, when the state of emergency alert broadcast is a state where no emergency alert broadcast is being performed, the state information emergency_warning is set to 00b.

If the state of the emergency warning broadcast is the first state or the second state with emergency warning broadcast, the state information emergency_warning is set to 01b or 10b, respectively.

If the emergency warning broadcast status is not in operation, the status information emergency_warning is set to 11b.

Therefore, when the status information emergency_warning is 00b, the receiving device 30 can detect (recognize) that no emergency alert broadcast is being made.

Furthermore, when the status information emergency_warning is 01b or 10b, the receiving device 30 can detect that an emergency alert broadcast is being carried out. And when emergency_warning changes from one of 01b and 10b to the other, it can detect that the emergency alert information being broadcast has changed (been updated).

Furthermore, when the status information emergency_warning is 11b, the receiving device 30 can detect that emergency alert broadcasting is not in operation and that emergency alert information will not be broadcast.

After receiving an emergency_warning with a value of 11b, the receiving device 30 can stop monitoring for emergency_warning for the channel on which that emergency_warning was transmitted. Furthermore, if necessary, the receiving device 30 can select another channel on which it has not received an emergency_warning with a value of 11b, and start monitoring for emergency_warning on that channel.

As described above, according to the status information emergency_warning, when emergency_warning becomes 11b, the receiving device 30 can stop monitoring emergency_warning for the channel on which the emergency_warning was transmitted.

As a result, for channels on which emergency alert broadcasts are not carried out, unnecessary channel selection, demodulation, decoding, etc., as well as unnecessary monitoring of emergency_warning, are avoided, which facilitates the processing of emergency alert broadcasts by the receiving device 30.

Although 2-bit information is used as the status information emergency_warning, 3-bit or more information can be used as the status information emergency_warning.

With status information of three or more bits, for example, three or more states can be represented as an emergency alert broadcast status.

As a physical layer frame that includes the status information emergency_warning as processing control information in the physical layer, a TDM frame including an FDM-TDM frame, as well as a physical layer frame of any multiplexing method such as a frequency division multiplexing method, can be used.

Figure 127 shows an example of P2 signaling syntax including subframe information.

In other words, Figure 127 shows an example of the syntax of integrated P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) including subframe information.

As explained in Figure 113, the advanced system is considering a shared broadcasting system in which one channel is used by multiple broadcasting companies.

In a shared broadcasting system, a physical layer frame that can have one or more subframes, such as a TDM frame, is used, and subframes of a physical layer frame for one channel can be used by multiple broadcasters.

When a subframe of a physical layer frame of one channel is used by multiple broadcasting companies, if any of the multiple broadcasting companies is broadcasting an emergency alert, the following methods can be used to obtain the emergency alert information being broadcast by that emergency alert broadcast.

In other words, for example, in the channel selection process, the P2D_subframe_group_id shown in FIG. 113, etc., is used to identify and individually extract (groups of) subframes used by each broadcaster, and from these individually extracted subframes, subframes that contain emergency alert information can be detected.

However, this method complicates the channel selection process in the receiving device 30, and also takes time to obtain the emergency alert information, compromising the immediacy of the emergency alert broadcast.

Therefore, by adopting the (integrated) P2 signaling of Figure 127, it is possible to facilitate the processing of the receiving device 30 and ensure the immediacy of emergency alert broadcasts.

In the integrated P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) in FIG. 127, a 3-bit P2D_emergency_warning_subframe (shown with diagonal lines in the figure) is added to the integrated P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) in FIG. 121 as processing control information that controls the processing of the receiving device 30 when an emergency alert is broadcast.

In Figure 121, P2B_num_subframes, which indicates the number of subframes, and P2D_subframe_group_id, which is specific information that identifies subframes used by the same broadcaster, are both 2 bits, but in the integrated P2 signaling in Figure 127, they are 3 bits (shown with diagonal lines in the figure).

By adopting the 3-bit P2B_num_subframes and P2D_subframe_group_id, it is possible to support physical layer frames containing up to 8 subframes.

The 3-bit P2D_emergency_warning_subframe in Figure 127, which is processing control information, is subframe information regarding the subframe that should be demodulated when an emergency alert is broadcast.

The subframe to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcast is the subframe that contains emergency alert information, and is also the subframe that the receiving device 30 in standby mode demodulates after being started up in response to emergency_warning.

Figure 128 shows an example of the semantics of the 3-bit P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is subframe information.

As the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, the P2D_subframe_id (value) of the subframe to be demodulated during emergency warning broadcast can be used, among the P2D_subframe_id, which is identification information for identifying subframes in the physical layer frame.

Here, the number of bits for P2D_subframe_id, which is the identification information for identifying a subframe, is 3, which is the same as the number of bits for P2B_num_subframes.

Furthermore, the subframes of the physical layer frame are assigned P2D_subframe_ids of 0x00, 0x01, ..., 0x07, for example, in order from the beginning (in chronological order).

In the transmitting device 20, the P2D_subframe_id of one of the subframes used by the broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert is set in the P2D_emergency_warning_subframe. Here, since the P2D_subframe_id is 3 bits, the P2D_emergency_warning_subframe is set to one of 0x00 to 0x07, which are represented by the 3-bit P2D_subframe_id.

In this case, in the receiving device 30, the P2D_emergency_warning_subframe identifies one of the subframes used by the (one) broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert, and the P2D_subframe_id assigned to that subframe identifies all (group) of subframes used by the broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert.

As the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, in addition to P2D_subframe_id, the value of P2D_subframe_group_id of the group of subframes to be demodulated during emergency warning broadcasting can be used, which is one of the 3-bit P2D_subframe_group_id specific information that identifies a group of subframes used by the same broadcaster.

In the transmitting device 20, P2D_subframe_group_id is set in P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which specifies the group of subframes used by the broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert. Here, since P2D_subframe_group_id is 3 bits, one of 0x00 to 0x07, which is represented by the 3-bit P2D_subframe_group_id, is set in P2D_emergency_warning_subframe.

In this case, in the receiving device 30, P2D_emergency_warning_subframe identifies all (groups) of subframes used by (one) broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert.

As described above, the receiving device 30 can identify all (groups of) subframes used by the broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert broadcast according to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe. This allows the receiving device 30 to quickly extract (groups of) subframes used by the broadcaster broadcasting the emergency alert broadcast, i.e., subframes containing emergency alert information, and obtain the emergency alert information by demodulating the subframes, etc.

This makes it easier for the receiving device 30 to process the data, while ensuring the immediacy of emergency alert broadcasts.

In addition, if two or more of the multiple broadcasters using subframes of a physical layer frame of one channel broadcast an emergency alert, the P2D_subframe_id or P2D_subframe_group_id of the subframe used by a specific one of the two or more broadcasters can be set to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe.

The specific broadcaster can be arbitrarily selected from among multiple broadcasters that broadcast emergency alerts. For example, the specific broadcaster can be the broadcaster that uses the smallest or largest P2D_subframe_id or P2D_subframe_group_id of the subframes among multiple broadcasters that broadcast emergency alerts.

In this case, even if two or more of the multiple broadcasters using the subframes of the physical layer frame of one channel are broadcasting emergency alert broadcasts, the receiving device 30 will only acquire the emergency alert information broadcast in the emergency alert broadcast by one of the two or more broadcasters broadcasting emergency alert broadcasts.

However, when two or more broadcasters using subframes of the physical layer frame of one channel are broadcasting emergency alerts, it is expected that the content of the emergency alert information will be similar. Therefore, the functionality of emergency alert broadcasts can be ensured even if only emergency alert information broadcast in an emergency alert broadcast by one of the two or more broadcasters broadcasting emergency alerts is acquired.

In addition, the P2D_emergency_warning_subframe can be included in the integrated P2 signaling (P2_signaling()) as shown in FIG. 127, or can be included in the L1D signaling if the P2 signaling is configured separately into L1B signaling (P2 basic information) (P2B_signaling()) as shown in FIG. 96 and L1D signaling (P2 detailed information) (P2D_signaling()) as shown in FIG. 113.

Furthermore, regarding the status information emergency_warning and the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, it is possible to introduce either one of them or both.

However, emergency_warning can be used in any multiplexing physical layer frame, whereas P2D_emergency_warning_subframe can be used in any physical layer frame that can have one or more subframes.

Therefore, when both emergency_warning and P2D_emergency_warning_subframe are implemented, a physical layer frame capable of having one or more subframes is adopted as the physical layer frame.

FIG. 129 shows an example of the settings for emergency_warning, which is status information, and P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is subframe information.

In Figure 129, as in Figure 114, the horizontal direction represents time and the vertical direction represents frequency (band). The same is true for Figure 130, which will be described later.

Figure 129 shows the physical layer frame of channel c1, which has a center frequency of xxx [MHz].

The physical layer frame of channel c1 (here, the FDM-converted TDM frame) includes, from the beginning (in chronological order), an FSS (synchronization symbol), a preamble (TMCC), and four subframes #1 to #4, as in FIG. 114.

The four subframes #1 to #4 of the physical layer frame are pre-assigned P2D_subframe_id values 000b to 011b, respectively.

In Figure 129, in the physical layer frame of channel c1, the same P2D_subframe_group_id value of 000b is assigned to subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A. Furthermore, another identical P2D_subframe_group_id value of 001b is assigned to subframes #3 and #4 used by broadcaster B.

For example, when broadcaster A broadcasts an emergency alert, i.e., when emergency alert information is included in subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A, the status information emergency_warning is set to one of 01b and 11b, which indicate a state in which an emergency alert is being broadcast, for example, 01b.

　After that, if the emergency alert information broadcast by broadcaster A in the emergency alert broadcast changes, emergency_warning is set to 10b, which is the other of 01b and 10b, which indicate a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being performed.

　If there is any further change in the emergency alert information broadcast by broadcaster A in the emergency alert broadcast, emergency_warning is set to 01b, which is one of 01b and 10b, which indicate a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being performed.

The subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe is set to the value 000b of P2D_subframe_group_id, which is assigned to subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A, which broadcasts emergency alerts, as subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasts.

The receiving device 30 in standby mode at least monitors the emergency_warning, which is status information transmitted on a certain channel, i.e., receives the certain channel, demodulates the P1 signaling of the physical layer frame of that channel, and processes the emergency_warning included in the P1 signaling.

If emergency_warning is 01b or 11b, which indicates that an emergency alert broadcast is occurring, the receiving device 30 will wake up from the standby state (enter the wake-up state) in response to emergency_warning and process the physical layer frame.

For example, when a receiving device 30 in standby mode is receiving channel c1, the physical layer frame of channel c1 has emergency_warning set to 01b as shown in FIG. 129, so in response to emergency_warning, the receiving device 30 starts up and processes the physical layer frame.

When processing a physical layer frame in response to emergency_warning, the P2 signaling of that physical layer frame is demodulated, and the physical layer frame is processed in response to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is the subframe information contained in that P2 signaling.

When processing the physical layer frame according to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, the subframe to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcast, i.e., the subframe containing the emergency alert information, is identified according to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, and the emergency alert information is obtained from that subframe.

For example, when a receiving device 30 in standby mode is receiving channel c1 and is started up in response to emergency_warning, whose value shown in FIG. 129 is 01b, P2D_emergency_warning_subframe is 000b, so subframes whose P2D_subframe_group_id is 000b, which is equal to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, that is, subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster A, are identified as the subframes to be demodulated when broadcasting an emergency alert. Emergency alert information is then acquired from subframes #1 and #2.

In addition, if an emergency warning broadcast ends after it has been made, the status information emergency_warning is set to 00b, which indicates that no emergency warning broadcast is being made.

If the receiving device 30 goes from standby to active in response to an emergency_warning with a value of 01b or 10b, it can either return to standby or remain active in response to an emergency_warning with a value of 00b.

FIG. 130 is a diagram showing another example of the settings of the status information emergency_warning and the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe.

Figure 130 shows the physical layer frame of channel c2, which is different from channel c1 and has a center frequency of yyy [MHz], which is different from frequency xxx [MHz].

The physical layer frame of channel c2 (here, the FDM-converted TDM frame) includes, from the beginning (in chronological order), an FSS (synchronization symbol), a preamble (TMCC), and four subframes #1 to #4, as in FIG. 114.

In Figure 130, in the physical layer frame of channel c2, the same P2D_subframe_group_id value of 000b is assigned to subframes #1 and #2 used by broadcaster C. Furthermore, another identical P2D_subframe_group_id value of 001b is assigned to subframes #3 and #4 used by broadcaster D.

If neither broadcaster C nor broadcaster D, which uses the subframe of the physical layer frame of channel c2, is broadcasting an emergency alert, the status information emergency_warning is set to 11b, which indicates that no emergency alert broadcasting is being performed.

For example, when the receiving device 30 is receiving channel c2, as shown in FIG. 130, in the physical layer frame of channel c2, emergency_warning is set to 11b. Since emergency alert broadcasting is not being performed on channel c2, the receiving device 30 stops monitoring emergency_warning for channel c2 thereafter.

In addition, when the receiving device 30 is in standby mode, it is possible to monitor emergency_warning for channels on which it has not previously received an emergency_warning with a value of 11b.

In addition, in Figure 130, P2D_emergency_warning_subframe is set to 111b, but any value can be set for P2D_emergency_warning_subframe transmitted on a channel that is not used for emergency alert broadcasting.

FIG. 131 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a transmitting device 20 and a receiving device 30 when handling a physical layer frame that includes processing control information as physical layer information.

In FIG. 131, the transmitting device 20 has a data processing unit 241 and a modulation unit 212.

Therefore, the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 131 is the same as that in FIG. 2 in that it has a modulation unit 212, but differs from that in FIG. 2 in that it has a data processing unit 241 instead of the data processing unit 211.

The data processing unit 241 receives and processes the transmission data sent from the data processing device 10 via the communication line 40, and extracts the resulting packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information.

The data processing unit 241 processes packets (frames) in a specific format and physical layer signaling information to generate physical layer frames that include processing control information as physical layer information, and supplies these to the modulation unit 212.

In FIG. 131, the receiving device 30 has an RF unit 311, a demodulation unit 352, and a data processing unit 313.

Therefore, the receiving device 30 in FIG. 131 is the same as that in FIG. 3 in that it has an RF unit 311 and a data processing unit 313, but differs from that in FIG. 3 in that it has a demodulation unit 352 instead of the demodulation unit 312.

The demodulation unit 352 is composed of, for example, a demodulation LSI. The demodulation unit 352 performs demodulation processing on the signal supplied from the RF unit 311. In the demodulation processing, for example, the physical layer frame is processed according to physical layer signaling such as processing control information, and a packet in a predetermined format is obtained. The packet obtained by the demodulation processing is supplied to the data processing unit 313.

The transmitting device 20 can generate and transmit a physical layer frame that includes processing control information as physical layer information, such as emergency_warning, which is the status information in FIG. 125, and P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, which is the subframe information in FIG. 127. The receiving device 30 can receive a physical layer frame (broadcast signal) that includes processing control information as physical layer information from the transmitting device 20, and process the physical layer frame according to the processing control information.

FIG. 132 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the transmitting device 20 in FIG. 131 when a shared-use broadcasting system is broadcast using a physical layer frame that includes processing control information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1.

In step S231, the data processing unit 241 (generation unit) of the transmitting device 20 processes the stream from the data processing device 10 to generate a physical layer frame that includes processing control information as physical layer information, i.e., for example, one or both of the status information emergency_warning and the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe, and the process proceeds to step S232.

Here, for example, the data processing unit 241 generates a physical layer frame that includes both the status information emergency_warning and the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe.

In addition, when an emergency alert is broadcast, the data processing unit 241 generates a physical layer frame that includes emergency alert information in a subframe.

In step S232, the modulation unit 212 (transmission unit) of the transmitting device 20 performs the necessary processing on the physical layer frame that includes the processing control information as physical layer information generated by the data processing unit 241, and transmits the broadcast signal of the resulting physical layer frame.

FIG. 133 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processing of the receiving device 30 in FIG. 131 when a shared-use broadcasting system is broadcast using a physical layer frame that includes processing control information as physical layer information in the transmission system 1.

In step S241, the RF unit 311 (receiving unit) of the receiving device 30 receives a broadcast signal of a specified channel from the broadcast signals transmitted (transmitted) from the transmitting device 20, and the process proceeds to step S242.

In step S242, the demodulator 352 (processor) of the receiving device 30 processes the physical layer frame, which includes processing control information as physical layer information obtained from the broadcast signal of the channel received by the RF unit 311, using signaling including the processing control information, etc., and the process proceeds to step S243.

The demodulation unit 352 detects the FSS of the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal of the channel received by the RF unit 311. The demodulation unit 352 recognizes the beginning of the physical layer frame from the FSS, and obtains P1 signaling from the P1 symbol immediately following the FSS. The demodulation unit 352 uses the P1 signaling to extract P2 signaling from the P2 symbol following the P1 symbol, and identifies and extracts a group of subframes used by a specific broadcaster using the P2D_subframe_group_id included in the P2 signaling. The demodulation unit 352 obtains a stream of transmission data of a specific broadcaster from the group of subframes used by the specific broadcaster.

In step S243, the data processing unit 313 of the receiving device 30 processes the stream acquired by the demodulation unit 352 to acquire higher-layer signaling and component streams. By processing the higher-layer signaling and component streams, content such as a broadcast program is played back.

If the receiving device 30 is in a standby state, in step S242, the demodulation unit 352 monitors the emergency_warning, which is status information included in the P1 signaling of the physical layer frame obtained from the broadcast signal of the channel received by the RF unit 311, and processes the physical layer frame according to the emergency_warning.

If emergency_warning is 00b, the demodulation unit 352 continues to monitor emergency_warning, and if emergency_warning is 11b, the demodulation unit 352 stops monitoring emergency_warning for the channel on which the 11b emergency_warning was transmitted.

If emergency_warning is 01b or 10b, the demodulator 352 switches the receiving device 30 from a standby state to an active state, and in step S242, extracts P2 signaling from the physical layer frame.

Furthermore, in step S242, the demodulation unit 352 processes the physical layer frame according to the subframe information P2D_emergency_warning_subframe included in the P2 signaling.

The demodulation unit 352 identifies and extracts subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcast, i.e., subframes containing emergency alert information, according to P2D_emergency_warning_subframe. Furthermore, the demodulation unit 352 obtains a stream of transmission data containing the emergency alert information from the subframes containing the emergency alert information.

Then, in step S243, the data processing unit 313 processes the stream acquired by the demodulation unit 352 to acquire at least the emergency alert information. The emergency alert information is presented to the user by being displayed or the like.

The above-mentioned series of processes can be executed by hardware or software. When the series of processes is executed by software, a program constituting the software is installed on a computer. Figure 134 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a computer that executes the above-mentioned series of processes by a program.

In the computer 1000, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 1001, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 1002, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 1003 are interconnected by a bus 1004. An input/output interface 1005 is further connected to the bus 1004. An input unit 1006, an output unit 1007, a recording unit 1008, a communication unit 1009, and a drive 1010 are connected to the input/output interface 1005.

The input unit 1006 includes a keyboard, mouse, microphone, etc. The output unit 1007 includes a display, speaker, etc. The recording unit 1008 includes a hard disk, non-volatile memory, etc. The communication unit 1009 includes a network interface, etc. The drive 1010 drives a removable recording medium 1011 such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, or semiconductor memory.

In the computer 1000 configured as described above, the CPU 1001 loads the programs recorded in the ROM 1002 or the recording unit 1008 into the RAM 1003 via the input/output interface 1005 and the bus 1004, and executes them, thereby carrying out the above-mentioned series of processes.

The program executed by the computer 1000 (CPU 1001) can be provided by being recorded on a removable recording medium 1011, such as a package medium. The program can also be provided via a wired or wireless transmission medium, such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting.

In the computer 1000, the program can be installed in the recording unit 1008 via the input/output interface 1005 by inserting the removable recording medium 1011 into the drive 1010. The program can also be received by the communication unit 1009 via a wired or wireless transmission medium and installed in the recording unit 1008. Alternatively, the program can be pre-installed in the ROM 1002 or the recording unit 1008.

In this specification, the processing performed by a computer according to a program does not necessarily have to be performed chronologically in the order described in the flowchart. In other words, the processing performed by a computer according to a program also includes processing executed in parallel or individually (for example, parallel processing or object-based processing). Furthermore, a program may be processed by one computer (processor), or may be processed in a distributed manner by multiple computers.

Note that the embodiments of this technology are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this technology.

For example, this technology can be configured as cloud computing, in which a single function is shared and processed collaboratively by multiple devices over a network.

In addition, each step described in the above flowchart can be executed by a single device, or can be shared and executed by multiple devices.

Furthermore, when one step includes multiple processes, the multiple processes included in that one step can be executed by one device, or can be shared and executed by multiple devices.

Furthermore, the effects described in this specification are merely examples and are not limiting, and other effects may also be present.

Furthermore, in this specification, a system refers to a collection of multiple components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), regardless of whether all the components are in the same housing. Therefore, multiple devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network, and a single device in which multiple modules are housed in a single housing, are both systems.

This technology can take the following configurations:

＜1＞
a generating unit for generating a physical layer frame including processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting as physical layer information;
a transmitting unit that transmits the physical layer frame.
＜2＞
The transmitting device according to <1>, wherein the generating unit generates the physical layer frame having one or more subframes and including, as the processing control information, subframe information relating to the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
＜3＞
The transmitting device according to <2>, wherein the subframe information is identification information for identifying the subframes contained in the physical layer frame, the identification information being the identification information for the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
＜4＞
The transmitting device described in <2>, wherein the subframe information is specific information for identifying a group of the subframes used by the same broadcasting company, the specific information being for a group of the subframes to be demodulated during an emergency alert broadcast.
＜5＞
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The transmitting device according to any one of <2> to <4>, wherein the subframe information is included in the P2 signaling.
＜6＞
the generating unit generates the physical layer frame including status information representing a status of an emergency alert broadcast as the processing control information;
A transmitting device described in any of <1> to <5>, wherein the status information represents an emergency alert broadcasting state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, a no emergency alert broadcasting state in which an emergency alert broadcast is not being conducted, or a no emergency alert broadcasting operation state in which no emergency alert broadcasting is being conducted on the channel through which the status information is transmitted.
＜７＞
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The transmitting device according to <6>, wherein the status information is included in the P1 signaling.
＜8＞
generating a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
transmitting the physical layer frame.
＜9＞
a receiving unit for receiving a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
a processing unit that processes the physical layer frame in accordance with the processing control information.
＜10＞
The receiving device according to <9>, wherein the receiving unit receives the physical layer frame having one or more subframes and including, as the processing control information, subframe information relating to the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
<11>
The receiving device according to <10>, wherein the subframe information is identification information for identifying the subframes contained in the physical layer frame, the identification information being the identification information for the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
＜12＞
The receiving device described in <10>, wherein the subframe information is specific information for identifying a group of the subframes used by the same broadcasting company, the specific information being for a group of the subframes to be demodulated during an emergency alert broadcast.
＜13＞
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The receiving device according to any one of <10> to <12>, wherein the subframe information is included in the P2 signaling.
＜14＞
the receiving unit receives the physical layer frame including, as the processing control information, status information indicating a status of an emergency alert broadcast;
A receiving device described in any of <9> to <13>, wherein the status information represents an emergency alert broadcasting state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, or an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted on the channel through which the status information is transmitted.
＜15＞
The receiving device according to <14>, wherein the processing unit starts up a receiving device in a standby state when the state information indicates a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being received, and processes the physical layer frame.
＜16＞
The receiving device according to <14>, wherein, after the status information indicating a state in which emergency alert broadcasting is not being operated is received, the processing unit stops monitoring the status information of the channel to which the status information is transmitted.
＜１７＞
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The receiving device according to any one of <14> to <16>, wherein the state information is included in the P1 signaling.
＜18＞
receiving a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
and processing the physical layer frame in response to the processing control information.

1 Transmission system, 10, 10-1 to 10-N Data processing device, 20 Transmitting device, 30, 30-1 to 30-M Receiving device, 40, 40-1 to 40-N Communication line, 50 Broadcast transmission path, 111 Component processing unit, 112 Signaling generation unit, 113 Multiplexer, 114 Data processing unit, 211 Data processing unit, 212 Modulation unit, 221, 231, 241 Data processing unit, 311 RF unit, 312 Demodulation unit, 313 Data processing unit, 321 Antenna, 332, 342, 352 Demodulation unit, 1000 Computer, 1001 CPU

Claims

a generating unit for generating a physical layer frame including processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting as physical layer information;
a transmitting unit that transmits the physical layer frame.
The transmitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the generating unit generates the physical layer frame having one or more subframes and including, as the processing control information, subframe information relating to the subframe to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
The transmitting device according to claim 2 , wherein the subframe information is identification information for identifying the subframes included in the physical layer frame, the identification information being the identification information of the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
The transmitting device according to claim 2 , wherein the subframe information is specific information for identifying a group of the subframes used by the same broadcasting company, the specific information being for a group of the subframes to be demodulated during an emergency alert broadcast.
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The transmitting device according to claim 2 , wherein the subframe information is included in the P2 signaling.
the generating unit generates the physical layer frame including status information representing a status of an emergency alert broadcast as the processing control information;
The transmitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the status information represents an emergency alert broadcasting state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, or an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted on the channel through which the status information is transmitted.
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The transmitting device according to claim 6 , wherein the state information is included in the P1 signaling.
generating a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of the receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
transmitting the physical layer frame.
a receiving unit for receiving a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
a processing unit that processes the physical layer frame in accordance with the processing control information.
The receiving device according to claim 9 , wherein the receiving section receives the physical layer frame having one or more subframes and including, as the processing control information, subframe information relating to the subframe to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
The receiving device according to claim 10 , wherein the subframe information is identification information for identifying the subframes included in the physical layer frame, the identification information being the identification information of the subframes to be demodulated during emergency alert broadcasting.
The receiving device according to claim 10 , wherein the subframe information is specific information for identifying a group of the subframes used by the same broadcasting company, the specific information being for a group of the subframes to be demodulated during an emergency alert broadcast.
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The receiving device according to claim 10 , wherein the subframe information is included in the P2 signaling.
the receiving unit receives the physical layer frame including, as the processing control information, status information indicating a status of an emergency alert broadcast;
The receiving device according to claim 9 , wherein the status information represents an emergency alert broadcasting state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted, or an emergency alert broadcasting non-operation state in which no emergency alert broadcast is being conducted on the channel through which the status information is transmitted.
The receiving device according to claim 14 , wherein the processing unit, when the state information indicates a state in which an emergency alert broadcast is being received, starts up the receiving device in a standby state and processes the physical layer frame.
The receiving device according to claim 14 , wherein, after the status information indicating a state where emergency alert broadcasting is not being performed is received, the processing unit stops monitoring the status information of the channel from which the status information is transmitted.
the physical layer frame having a preamble including P1 signaling and P2 signaling;
The receiving device according to claim 14 , wherein the status information is included in the P1 signaling.
receiving a physical layer frame including, as physical layer information, processing control information for controlling processing of a receiving device during emergency alert broadcasting;
and processing the physical layer frame in response to the processing control information.