WO2024088985A1 - Vorrichtung zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, nutzerendgerät, detektions- und beleuchtungsgerät, verfahren zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, computerprogramm und/oder computerlesbares medium und datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, nutzerendgerät, detektions- und beleuchtungsgerät, verfahren zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, computerprogramm und/oder computerlesbares medium und datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024088985A1 WO2024088985A1 PCT/EP2023/079520 EP2023079520W WO2024088985A1 WO 2024088985 A1 WO2024088985 A1 WO 2024088985A1 EP 2023079520 W EP2023079520 W EP 2023079520W WO 2024088985 A1 WO2024088985 A1 WO 2024088985A1
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- light beam
- waveguide
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- measuring light
- wavelength
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4865—Time delay measurement, e.g. time-of-flight measurement, time of arrival measurement or determining the exact position of a peak
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4814—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/4911—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/4912—Receivers
- G01S7/4915—Time delay measurement, e.g. operational details for pixel components; Phase measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
Definitions
- Device for measuring a transit time of a measuring light beam user terminal, detection and illumination device, method for measuring a transit time of a measuring light beam, computer program and/or computer-readable medium and data processing device
- the present disclosure relates to a device for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam, comprising a measuring light source for emitting the measuring light beam, a light sensor for detecting the measuring light beam, a waveguide and a data processing device, wherein the waveguide is designed such that the measuring light beam emitted by the measuring light source is guided to an object located in an object region of the device and the measuring light beam reflected by the object is guided to the light sensor at least partially through the waveguide, wherein the waveguide has a measuring diffraction structure for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam and the measuring light beam travels a wavelength-dependent path length in the waveguide.
- the present disclosure also relates to a user terminal, a detection and illumination device, a method for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam, a computer program and/or a computer-readable medium and a data processing device.
- a waveguide is known from the prior art.
- WO 2020/157306 A1 discloses a functionalized waveguide for a detector system, wherein the waveguide has a transparent waveguide with a front side and a back side, wherein the waveguide has a partially transparent coupling region and a coupling-out region spaced therefrom in a first direction, wherein the coupling-in region comprises a diffractive structure which deflects only a portion of the radiation coming from an object to be detected and striking the front side in such a way that the deflected portion propagates as coupled-in radiation in the waveguide through reflections to the coupling-out region and strikes the coupling-out region, wherein the coupling-out region deflects at least a portion of the coupled-in radiation striking it in such a way that the deflected portion emerges from the waveguide via the front or back to strike the detector system, wherein the extent of the coupling region in a second direction transverse to the first direction is greater than the extent of the coupling-out region in the
- the transit time of the measuring light beam and thus the result of the measurement of the transit time and/or a measurement of the distance between the object and the device can be influenced by a wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam and an associated wavelength-dependent optical path length of the measuring light beam, since the measuring light beam is coupled into and out of the waveguide differently due to the different wavelengths and can thus cover different optical path lengths.
- the object is to enrich the state of the art and to enable an improved measurement of a travel time of a measuring light beam.
- An embodiment of the disclosure can solve the problem of achieving a wavelength-independent improvement in the measurement of the distance between the object and the device.
- a device for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam comprises a measuring light source for emitting the measuring light beam, a light sensor for detecting the measuring light beam, a waveguide and a data processing device, wherein the waveguide is designed such that the measuring light beam emitted by the measuring light source is guided to an object located in an object region of the device and the measuring light beam reflected by the object is guided to the light sensor at least partially through the waveguide, wherein the waveguide has a measuring diffraction structure for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam and the measuring light beam travels a wavelength-dependent path length in the waveguide, wherein the data processing device is set up to determine an optical path length contribution and/or a runtime contribution for the measuring light beam detected by the light sensor when measuring the runtime, taking into account the wavelength-dependent path length of the measuring light beam within the waveguide.
- a user terminal comprises the device described above for measuring the transit time of the measuring light beam.
- the detection and illumination device comprises the device described above for measuring the travel time of the measuring light beam.
- a method for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam comprises: guiding the measuring light beam to an object located in an object region and the measuring light beam reflected by the object to a light sensor at least partially through a waveguide with a measuring diffraction structure for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam, wherein the measuring light beam travels a wavelength-dependent path length in the waveguide; and determining an optical path length contribution and/or a travel time contribution for the measuring light beam detected by the light sensor, taking into account the wavelength-dependent path length of the measuring light beam in the waveguide.
- a computer program and/or computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method described above and/or the steps of the method is provided.
- a data processing device configured to carry out the method described above for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam.
- the device for measuring the travel time of the measuring light beam can be set up to determine the travel time of the measuring light beam.
- the travel time can be a difference between a first point in time at which the measuring light beam is emitted by the light source and a second point in time at which the measuring light beam reflected by the object is detected by the light sensor.
- the travel time can determine the path covered by the measuring light beam, from which a distance between the device and the object can be deduced.
- the device for measuring the travel time of the measuring light beam can be similar to the areas of application of a LIDAR sensor in terms of possible areas of application, whereby the device differs from a LIDAR sensor at least in that with a device according to the disclosure it is not absolutely necessary to move or scan a laser beam over the angular range to be observed. Rather, with a device according to the disclosure it can be possible to use the emitted measuring light beam to cover the entire measuring range to be covered without having to move or scan the measuring light beam.
- a device according to the disclosure may differ from a LIDAR sensor in that a possible range of the measuring range differs from the range of a LIDAR sensor.
- a measuring range of a device may optionally have a range of approximately 3 m.
- the device is optionally set up in such a way that the measuring light beam is at least partially guided through the waveguide along an optical path between the object in the object area and the light sensor.
- the measuring light beam can enter the waveguide, i.e. can be coupled into the waveguide, can travel an optical path within the waveguide and can exit the waveguide, i.e. can be coupled out of the waveguide.
- the object area can be defined as a detection area or field of view of the device, within which the object can be arranged to measure the time of flight.
- the measuring light beam can travel a wavelength-dependent path length within the waveguide, since the waveguide has the measuring diffraction structure, which is set up to deflect the measuring light beam depending on the wavelength.
- the wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam can mean that the measuring light beam travels different paths within the waveguide depending on the wavelength, since the measuring light beam can be coupled into the waveguide differently depending on the wavelength, ie, in particular deflected by different angles.
- the data processing device can determine an optical path length contribution of the measuring light beam.
- the optical path length contribution optionally indicates a wavelength-dependent optical path length within the waveguide of the measuring light beam for a specific wavelength of the measuring light beam, which is caused by the propagation of the measuring light beam with the wavelength through the waveguide. It was recognized that measuring light beams with different wavelengths can cover different optical path lengths within the waveguide.
- the measuring light beam can cover an optical path within the waveguide that is different to a wavelength-independent optical path without the waveguide. A first part of the measuring light beam and/or a first measuring light beam with a first wavelength can thus be deflected as a result of the wavelength-dependent deflection.
- the optical path length contribution can therefore be dependent on the wavelength. If the propagation speed of the measuring light beam within the waveguide is known, the travel time contribution can be defined analogously. The travel time contribution can indicate a wavelength-dependent travel time of the measuring light beam within the waveguide for a specific wavelength of the measuring light beam.
- a first part of the measuring light beam and/or a first measuring light beam with a first wavelength can travel a first optical path with a first travel time due to the wavelength-dependent deflection within the waveguide and a second part of the measuring light beam and/or a second measuring light beam with a second wavelength that is different from the first wavelength can travel a second optical path with a second travel time.
- the travel time contribution can therefore be dependent on the wavelength.
- the disclosure offers the advantage that by determining the path length contribution and/or the transit time contribution, it is possible to precisely determine the distance between the object and the device with a polychromatic measuring light beam and/or with measuring light beams with multiple wavelengths and to avoid the wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam within the waveguide leading to different results of the transit time measurement depending on the wavelength of the measuring light beam. Furthermore, it is possible to be able to use a polychromatic measuring light beam in a targeted manner in order to be able to couple the measuring light beam into the waveguide and/or out of the waveguide at different angles, for example, in order to be able to enlarge a detection range of the device for measuring the transit time.
- the wavelength-dependent deflection within the waveguide can also make it possible to provide a waveguide that can be at least partially transparent to the human eye, while the measuring light beam can be deflected. This makes it possible to To redirect the light beam in such a way that components for measuring the optical path length, in particular the measuring light source and the light sensor, can be arranged at a location that is not visible to a user.
- the measuring diffraction structure can be set up for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam in a near-infrared spectral range, NIR range.
- the wavelength-dependent deflection occurs due to diffraction at the measuring diffraction structure if the measuring light beam satisfies a Bragg condition due to its wavelength and/or its angle of incidence relative to the measuring diffraction structure. Outside the spectral range, the measuring light beam does not satisfy the Bragg condition. This means that no such deflection occurs outside the spectral range through the measuring diffraction structure.
- the measuring diffraction structure can be transparent outside the spectral range and transmit light outside the spectral range largely without diffraction and/or deflection.
- the measuring light beam is not visible to the human eye, which increases the user-friendliness of the device, since visible “illumination” of the object by the measuring light beam is unnecessary.
- the device can reconstruct a display and/or an imaging object using visible light, avoiding crosstalk, i.e. mutual influence, between the visible light and the measuring light beam.
- the measuring diffraction structure can be configured to redirect the measuring light beam in a spectral range from 700 nm to 940 nm and/or up to 1100 nm depending on the wavelength. This makes it possible to use a cost-effective light sensor.
- another spectral range is also possible in which the measuring diffraction structure is configured for wavelength-dependent redirection, whereby a different light source, a different light sensor and/or a waveguide made of a different material must be provided for this purpose.
- the light sensor may have a plurality of pixels and the data processing device may be configured to Image points of a respectively detected part of the measuring light beam to retrieve and/or calculate the optical path length contribution and/or the transit time contribution.
- the light sensor has the plurality of image points or pixels, wherein the image points are each set up to detect the measuring light beam and/or a part of the measuring light beam.
- the light sensor has several image points in order to provide an improved detection range of the device for measuring the transit time of the measuring light beam. It was recognized that the wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam results in spectrally different parts of the measuring light beam, i.e. parts of the measuring light beam and/or measuring light beams with different wavelengths, being coupled out differently from the waveguide in the direction of the light sensor.
- the wavelength of the measuring light beam is known for a given pixel, from which the optical path length of the measuring light beam can be determined. This results in a path length contribution for different pixels, which results from the different wavelengths of the parts of the measuring light beam that hit the pixels.
- the optical path length contribution and/or the transit time contribution can correspond to a vertical pixel position and a horizontal pixel position.
- the light sensor has a plurality of pixels, and a vertical pixel position and/or a horizontal pixel position can be assigned to each pixel.
- the pixels are arranged according to a matrix.
- the position of a pixel can be used to determine the wavelength of the measuring light beam.
- the optical path length contribution can thus be determined according to the pixel position.
- the detection area or field of view can be resolved using the pixels of the matrix and an optical path length can be assigned to a respective pixel of the matrix.
- the measuring diffraction structure can be designed to couple the measuring light beam reflected by the object and striking a surface of the waveguide at a first angle of incidence of +/- 20° into the waveguide and/or to couple the measuring light beam reflected by the object and striking the surface of the waveguide at a second angle of incidence of +/- 20° defined perpendicular to the first angle of incidence into the waveguide.
- the first angle of incidence can define a detection range of the device in a vertical direction.
- the second angle of incidence can define the detection range of the device in a horizontal direction. It was recognized that the specified ranges of the angles of incidence can be provided particularly effectively with the waveguide and in particular with the measuring diffraction structure for deflecting the measuring light beam in the near-infrared spectral range.
- the waveguide can also be designed to couple the measuring light beam out of the waveguide with a first exit angle of +/- 20° arranged analogously to the first angle of incidence and/or a second exit angle of +/- 20° arranged analogously to the second angle of incidence.
- the data processing device can be set up to record distance data relating to the object using an input device and to calibrate the determination of the optical path length and/or the travel time using the distance data. It was recognized that the device can be calibrated in order to be able to carry out a travel time measurement even if, for example, the type of waveguide and/or the measurement diffraction structure is unknown.
- the optical path length through the waveguide can be calibrated using a measurement of a travel time of the measurement light signal with a known wavelength and a known object distance.
- the device can have an image light source for emitting a visible image light beam and the waveguide can have an image diffraction structure for wavelength-dependent deflection of the image light beam.
- the image light source is optionally designed to couple the image light beam into the waveguide so that the image light beam is deflected by the image diffraction structure.
- the image light beam can be coupled into the waveguide by an optical structure.
- the deflected image light beam is coupled out of the waveguide in order to reconstruct a virtual or real image in the visible range, i.e. a visually perceptible representation, outside the waveguide.
- the device can be set up to control the image light source depending on the optical path length and/or the travel time of the measuring light beam. This makes it possible for the image light source to emit image information that is tailored to the object.
- the object can be a body part of a user whose position is detected relative to the waveguide, and the image can be reconstructed or displayed in coordination with the position in the vicinity of the waveguide.
- the device can be set up to image a user interface spaced from the waveguide in a second direction and to detect a user input through the user interface based on the travel time of the measuring light beam. It was recognized that the user interface can be imaged using the image light source and the image diffraction structure. The user interface is reconstructed in such a way that the user interface appears to float in an environment of the waveguide at a distance from the waveguide. A user can interact with the user interface, for example by positioning a body part according to the user interface. The position of the user's body part can be detected based on the travel time of the measuring light beam and interpreted as user input.
- the device can be set up to image an imaging object spaced from the waveguide in a second direction relative to the object.
- the device in the example can provide an advantageous application in the field of augmented reality (AR).
- the object can, for example, be a scenery or an environment of the waveguide into which the imaging object is imaged.
- the imaging object can be imaged as a virtual object in an application in which a user looks through the waveguide.
- the imaging object can be imaged as a real object in an application in which the user looks through the waveguide at the image light source.
- the device records the geometry of the object by measuring the travel time of the measuring light beam. The imaging object can thus be imaged with a depth corresponding to the object.
- the device can be set up to control the image light source dynamically and/or depending on a detected movement of the object. This makes it possible to provide particularly dynamic, i.e. time-dependent, applications in the field of augmented reality.
- the device can have a mirror and/or a prism for deflecting the measuring light beam emerging from the waveguide and/or for deflecting the measuring light beam reflected by the object.
- Deflecting the measuring light beam emerging from the waveguide and/or the measuring light beam reflected by the object can be particularly advantageous for providing it to a user terminal, since the possible deflection means that the device can be arranged in a variety of ways or its components can be arranged in a variety of ways.
- the components of the device with the exception of the waveguide, can advantageously be arranged in a housing of the user terminal so that they are not visible to a user of the user terminal.
- a user terminal comprises the device described above for measuring the Running time of the measuring light beam.
- the device of the user terminal can have one or more of the optional technical features described above in order to achieve an associated technical effect.
- the detection and illumination device comprises the device described above for measuring the travel time of the measuring light beam.
- the device of the detection and illumination device can have one or more of the optional technical features described above in order to achieve an associated technical effect.
- a method for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam comprises: guiding the measuring light beam to an object and the measuring light beam reflected by the object to a light sensor at least partially through a waveguide with a measuring diffraction structure for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam, wherein the measuring light beam travels a wavelength-dependent path length in the waveguide; and determining an optical path length contribution and/or a travel time contribution for the measuring light beam detected by the light sensor, taking into account the wavelength-dependent path length of the measuring light beam in the waveguide.
- the method can be carried out in particular with the device described above for measuring the transit time of the measuring light beam.
- the device described above for measuring the transit time of the measuring light beam.
- the optical path length contribution and/or transit time contribution can be determined depending on a wavelength-dependent number of total reflections within the waveguide and/or a wavelength-dependent deflection angle within the waveguide. It was recognized that the number of total reflections and the deflection angle have an influence on the optical path of a measuring light beam within the waveguide. Taking into account the The number of total reflections within the waveguide and/or the deflection angle allows the optical path length contribution and/or the transit time contribution to be calculated if the geometry of the waveguide is known.
- the measurement light source and/or the image light source may comprise one or more of the following types of light sources: light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, semiconductor lasers, and solid-state lasers.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- laser diodes semiconductor lasers
- solid-state lasers solid-state lasers
- An emission spectrum of the measuring light source can optionally lie in the infrared spectral range. This can offer the advantage that the light emitted by the measuring light source is not visible to the human eye and accordingly the light emitted by the measuring light source is not perceived as disturbing by people.
- the emission spectrum can lie in a spectral range in which the waveguide is optically transparent.
- the emission spectrum of the measuring light source can lie in a range from about 780 nm to about 2 pm.
- the emission spectrum of the measuring light source can lie in a range from about 780 nm to about 1,100 nm. This can offer the advantage that silicon-based detectors can be used to detect the measuring light, such as CMOS sensors and/or CCD arrays.
- the choice of a suitable detector can be advantageous, such as an AIGaAs-based detector and/or an InGaAs-based detector.
- the choice of detector can be adapted to the measuring light source and the emission spectrum of the measuring light source.
- the spectral ranges specified do not mean that the emission spectrum must necessarily cover the entire specified spectral range. Rather, the emission spectrum can cover a small spectral range of the specified spectral range.
- the measuring light source can have an emission spectrum with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 100 nm or less, optionally 50 nm or less and optionally 10 nm or less.
- FWHM full width at half maximum
- the measuring light source can be designed to provide an emission spectrum at 1.55 pm and/or in a spectral range around 1.55 pm.
- This spectral range which is widely used in telecommunications, can offer the advantage that absorption by water, including moisture in the air, can be particularly low and associated losses can be kept low, thereby increasing the range and/or reducing the emission power to be provided.
- the one or more diffraction structures or holographic structures used can be adapted to the emission spectrum of the measuring light source and/or an emission spectrum of the image light source.
- the one or more diffraction structures or holographic structures used can be designed to have a particularly high efficiency in the spectral range of the measuring light.
- the one or more diffraction structures or holographic structures used can be designed to an intended angular range for the coupling and/or decoupling of light from the respective diffraction structures or holographic structures.
- An emission spectrum of the image light source can optionally be in the visible range, i.e. in a spectral range between 400 nm and 780 nm. This can offer the advantage that image information displayed using light emitted by the image light source can be visible to the human eye.
- the use of light-emitting diodes as a measuring light source or as part of it can offer the advantage that the measuring light is emitted in a predetermined emission angle range that is greater than zero, instead of a collimated laser beam with an emission angle of almost zero.
- This allows a large emission angle range to be realized, which can lead to a large field of view (FOV), i.e. a large measuring range.
- FOV field of view
- the measuring range or FOV can correspond to an angular range of 15° or more and optionally 50°.
- a computer program and/or computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method described above and/or the steps of the method is provided.
- a data processing device configured to carry out the method described above for measuring a travel time of a measuring light beam.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for measuring a running time according to an aspect of the disclosure
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for measuring a running time according to an aspect of the disclosure
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a waveguide of a time-of-flight measuring device according to an aspect of the disclosure for illustrating a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution
- Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a waveguide of a device for measuring a time of flight according to an aspect of the disclosure for illustrating a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a waveguide of a device for measuring a time of flight according to an aspect of the disclosure for illustrating a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution
- Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a deflection curve of a measurement diffraction structure of a waveguide of a device for measuring a transit time according to an aspect of the disclosure
- Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a waveguide of a device for measuring a time of flight according to an aspect of the disclosure for illustrating a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution
- Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a dependence of a wavelength on a first angle of incidence and on a second angle of incidence of a measuring diffraction structure of a waveguide of a device for measuring a transit time according to an aspect of the disclosure
- Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a dependence of an optical path length contribution on a first angle of incidence and on a second angle of incidence of a waveguide of a device for measuring a transit time according to an aspect of the disclosure
- Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a deflection efficiency of a light beam deflected by a measuring diffraction structure
- Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for measuring a transit time according to an aspect of the disclosure.
- Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a device for measuring a running time according to an aspect of the disclosure.
- Fig. 13 is a flow chart of a method for measuring a runtime according to an aspect of the disclosure.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure.
- the device 10 is designed to measure the time of flight 92 of a measuring light beam 80.
- the device 10 comprises a measuring light source 20 for emitting the measuring light beam 80, a light sensor 30 for detecting the measuring light beam 80, a waveguide 50 and a data processing device 90.
- the measuring light source 20 is designed to emit the measuring light beam 80.
- the measuring light beam 80 emitted by the measuring light source 20 comprises light in a near-infrared spectral range, NIR range, S and has a wavelength L in the range from 700 nm to 940 nm.
- the measuring light source 20 comprises, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED) and emits the measuring light beam 80 as polychromatic light with a plurality of wavelengths within the NIR range S.
- LED light-emitting diode
- the measuring light source 20 is connected to the data processing device 90 for communication purposes in order to be controlled by the data processing device 90.
- the data processing device 90 can thus coordinate the sending or emission of the measuring light beam 80 in particular in terms of time and/or detect a first point in time of the emission of the measuring light beam 80 by the measuring light source 20.
- the device 10 has an imaging device 21 which is designed to direct the measuring light beam 80 in the direction of the waveguide 50.
- the imaging device 21 comprises, for example, a prism, a mirror and/or a lens.
- the measuring light beam 80 is coupled into the waveguide 50 in a transmission coupling region 55 of the waveguide 50 and propagates through the waveguide 50 as a measuring light beam 81 coupled into the waveguide 50.
- the coupled measuring light beam 81 is reflected within the waveguide 50. In particular, a total reflection 57 of the coupled measuring light beam 81 takes place.
- the waveguide 50 has the following geometry 56 in the following exemplary embodiments: height 266 mm (extension along the first direction R1 ), thickness 1.2 mm (extension along a second direction R2, perpendicular to the first direction R1 ), width 150 mm (extension along a schematically illustrated by a cross, third direction R3, perpendicular to the first direction R1 and perpendicular to the second direction R2).
- the waveguide 50 can be made, for example, from a glass, in particular a borosilicate glass, and have a refractive index N1 in the range from 1.45 to 1.5 that is only weakly dependent on the wavelength L in the spectral range S.
- the measuring light beam 81 coupled into the waveguide 50 propagates in particular in the first direction R1 through the waveguide 50 and strikes a measuring diffraction structure 51 in a transmission coupling-out region 60.
- the measuring diffraction structure 51 of the transmission coupling-out region 60 is designed to deflect the coupled measuring light beam 81 depending on the wavelength L of the measuring light beam 81 by a deflection angle 58 resulting from the wavelength L. This makes it possible to avoid further total reflection 57 of the measuring light beam 81 at the boundary layer between the waveguide 50 and an environment 59 of the waveguide 50, and the measuring light beam 81 can be coupled out of the waveguide 50 and propagate as a measuring light beam 82 coupled out of the waveguide 50 in the environment 59 of the waveguide 50.
- An object 15, illustrated schematically as a circle in Figure 1, is arranged in the surroundings 59 of the waveguide 50.
- the object 15 has a geometry such that the object 15 has sections that are at different distances from the waveguide 50.
- the object 15 is arranged in an object region 16.
- the object region can be arranged in a detection area (field of view) of the device 10.
- the object region 16 is a section of the surroundings of the waveguide 50 that is arranged outside the waveguide 50.
- the device 10 is set up to emit the measuring light beam 82 into the object region 16.
- the coupled-out measuring light beam 82 can thus reach the object 15 and be reflected by the object 15 in the direction of the waveguide 50 for measuring the travel time 92.
- the coupled-out measuring light beam 82 is reflected at the object and propagates as a measuring light beam 85 reflected from the object 15 in the direction of the waveguide 50.
- the propagation of the decoupled measuring light beam 82 and the reflected measuring light beam 85 are very different from each other for better representation.
- the measuring light beam 85 reflected by the object 15 strikes a measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65 in a sensor coupling region 65 of the waveguide 50 as a measuring light beam 86 coupled into the sensor coupling region 65.
- the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65 is designed to deflect the coupled measuring light beam 86 depending on the wavelength L of the measuring light beam 86. This ensures that the measuring light beam 86 is deflected in the waveguide 50 in such a way that the measuring light beam 86 propagates in the first direction R1 through the waveguide 50 and thereby propagates through a plurality of total reflections 57 to a sensor coupling-out region 70.
- the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 are designed for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam 81, 86 with a wavelength L in the NIR range S.
- the wavelength L of the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 designates the wavelength L that can be determined in a vacuum or in air and/or the wavelength L of the measuring light beam 80 as emitted by the measuring light source 20.
- the measuring light beam 81, 86 has a wavelength L that is influenced by the refractive index N1 of the waveguide 50.
- the measuring light beam 86 is coupled out of the waveguide 50 in such a way that the measuring light beam 80 is directed in the direction of the light sensor 30.
- the device 10 comprises an imaging device 31 arranged between the waveguide 50 and the light sensor 30.
- the imaging device 31 comprises, for example, a prism, a mirror and/or a lens.
- the measuring light beam 80, 81, 85 propagating from the measuring light source 20 to the object 15 is shown with a solid line and the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 reflected by the object 15 and propagating to the light sensor 30 is shown by a dashed line.
- the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 covers an optical path length 91 with a travel time 92.
- the optical path length 91 and the travel time 92 depend on the geometry 56 of the waveguide 50, the refractive index N1 of the waveguide 50 and the wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 by the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 included in the waveguide 50.
- the deflection with different deflection angles 58 for each wavelength L by the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 results in different optical paths through the waveguide 50 and thus a potentially different number of total reflections 57 within the waveguide 50 for each wavelength L.
- the path length contribution 93 is the contribution caused by the waveguide 50 to the total optical path length 91 traveled by the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86.
- the transit time contribution 94 is the contribution caused by the waveguide 50 to the total transit time 92 of the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 required by the measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 and measured by the device 10.
- the waveguide 50 is arranged such that the measuring light beam 80 emitted by the measuring light source 20 is guided to the object 15 and the measuring light beam 85 reflected by the object 15 is guided to the light sensor 30 at least partially through the waveguide 50, wherein the waveguide 50 has the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam 81, 86 and the reflected measuring light beam 86 covers the wavelength-dependent path length 91 in the waveguide 50.
- the light sensor 30 is communicatively connected to the data processing device 90 in order to transmit information concerning detection of the measuring light beam 80 to the data processing device 90. This enables the data processing device 90 to determine a second time of
- the transit time 92 of the measuring light beam 80 can be determined by the data processing device 60 as the difference between the first time of emission of the measuring light beam 80 by the measuring light source 20 and the second time of detection of the measuring light beam 80 by the light sensor 30.
- the data processing device 90 is set up to determine an optical path length contribution 93 and/or a travel time contribution 94 for the measuring light beam 80 detected by the light sensor 30 when measuring the travel time 92, taking into account the wavelength-dependent path length 91 of the emitted and reflected measuring light beam 86 in the waveguide 50.
- the distance between the object 15 and the device 10 can be determined precisely using the path length contribution 93 and/or the travel time contribution 94.
- the light sensor 30 comprises a pixel matrix with a plurality of pixels 32.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a row, i.e. a one-dimensional arrangement of pixels 32.
- the pixels 32 of the light sensor 30 are also arranged in a direction perpendicular to the image plane of Figure 1 and thus form a two-dimensional arrangement of pixels 32.
- the pixels 32 are arranged at a specific position relative to the waveguide 50.
- the positions of the pixels 32 are each defined by a vertical pixel position vp, indicated schematically by an arrow, and a horizontal pixel position hp, indicated schematically by a cross and extending into the image plane.
- the image points 32 are each set up to detect the measuring light beam 80. As described with reference to Figures 3 to 9, a wavelength L of the measuring light beam 80 can be assigned to each of the image points 32. In other words, different image points 32 detect different parts of the measuring light beam 80 with different wavelengths L, which are within the waveguide 50 different optical paths 91 and have different travel times 92. This means that an optical path length contribution 93 and/or travel time contribution 94 can be assigned to the image points 32 or pixel positions vp, hp.
- an optical path length contribution 93 and/or travel time contribution 94 may be assigned to the image points 32 or their vertical pixel positions vp, while each horizontal angle of the detection area propagates through the waveguide 50 at a different horizontal angle due to refraction.
- a different optical path length is given for different horizontal angles and thus horizontal pixel positions hp, whereby each image point 32 can be assigned a horizontal angle of incidence and thus a horizontal propagation angle in the waveguide 50.
- the data processing device 90 is set up to retrieve the optical path length contribution 93 and/or runtime contribution 94 for the image points 32 of a respectively detected part of the measuring light beam 80.
- the data processing device 90 has a memory 95 in which an optical path length contribution 93 and/or a runtime contribution 94 is stored for each wavelength L, i.e. for the part of the measuring light beam 80.
- the pixel position vp, hp at which the measuring light beam 80 is detected can be detected by the light sensor 30 and transmitted to the data processing device 90.
- the data processing device 90 retrieves the path length contribution 93 and/or runtime contribution 94 corresponding to the pixel position vp, hp from the memory 96 or a look-up table as illustrated by way of example in Figure 9.
- the data processing device 90 is designed to calculate the optical path length contribution 93 and/or runtime contribution 94 for the image points 32 of a respectively detected part of the measuring light beam 80.
- the data processing device 90 has a processor 96.
- the geometry 56 of the waveguide 50 and the refractive index N1 of the waveguide 50 are known.
- the optical path length contribution 93 and/or The delay contribution 94 can be calculated depending on the number of total reflections 57 within the waveguide 50 and/or the wavelength-dependent deflection angle 58.
- the optical path length contribution 93 and/or the travel time contribution 94 corresponds to the vertical pixel position vp and the horizontal pixel position hp.
- the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 60 is designed to couple the measuring light beam 86 reflected by the object 15 and striking a surface 66 of the waveguide 50 at a first angle of incidence A1 of +/- 20° into the waveguide 50 and to couple the measuring light beam 86 reflected by the object 15 and striking the surface 66 of the waveguide 50 at a second angle of incidence A2 of +/- 20° into the waveguide 50.
- the first angle of incidence A1 is defined in a plane spanned by the first direction R1 and the second direction R2 between a direction of the measuring light beam 86 and a normal vector (not shown) of the surface 66.
- the second angle of incidence A2 is defined in a plane spanned by the second direction R2 and the third direction R3 between a direction of the measuring light beam 86 and a normal vector (not shown) of the surface 66.
- the device 10 has an input device 97.
- the input device 97 The input device
- the data processing device 90 is set up to determine the optical path length 91 and/or the travel time 92 based on the distance data
- the path length contribution 93 and/or the transit time contribution 94 can be determined, in particular relatively. This allows the measurement of the distance between the object 15 and the device 10 to be calibrated.
- the device 10 can be connected to such an input device 97.
- the device 10 has a mirror and/or a prism for deflecting the measuring light beam 82 emerging from the waveguide 50 and/or for deflecting the measuring light beam 85 reflected by the object 15.
- the measuring diffraction structure 51 of the transmitting coupling-out region 60 and the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling-in region 65 are arranged to overlap in the first direction R1.
- the measuring diffraction structure 51 of the transmitting coupling-out region 60 and the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling-in region 65 can be arranged to partially overlap or not overlap or disjointly in the first direction R1.
- the measurement diffraction structures 51, 52 comprised by the waveguide 50 are, for example, reflective volume holograms, transmittive volume holograms, surface holograms, and/or relief gratings as described in WO 2020/157306 A1.
- the arrangement of the measurement diffraction structures 51, 52 can depend on a type of measurement diffraction structures 51, 52.
- a reflective measurement diffraction structure 51, 52 can be arranged in a section of the waveguide 50 facing away from the object 15 and/or a transmittive measurement diffraction structure 51, 52 can be arranged in a section of the waveguide 50 facing the object 15.
- the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 of the transmission coupling-out region 60 and/or the sensor coupling-in region 65 or the sensor coupling-in region 65 and/or the transmission coupling-out region 60 can be designed such that they do not provide an optical imaging function in addition to the deflection.
- the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 or the sensor coupling region 65 and/or the transmitting coupling region 60 provide an optical imaging function in addition to the deflection and thus provide an optical imaging.
- the optical imaging function can implement the function of a converging lens or diverging lens, a concave or convex mirror, whereby the curved surfaces (centered or decentered) can be spherically curved or aspherically curved surfaces.
- the properties of the waveguide 50 can thus be adapted in order to be able to arrange an image plane or focal plane in the object region 16, for example.
- the waveguide 50 has only one of the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52 in order to achieve a more cost-effective and/or simpler construction of the device 10.
- a beam splitter can be provided.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure.
- the device 10 of Figure 2 is described with reference to the device 10 of Figure 1. The differences between the devices 10 according to Figures 1 and 2 are described.
- the waveguide 50 of the device 10 according to Figure 2 has a measuring diffraction structure 53 in the transmission coupling region 55.
- the waveguide 50 also has a measuring diffraction structure 54 in the sensor coupling region 70.
- the device 10 can have one of the two measuring diffraction structures 53, 54 mentioned, i.e. either the measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmission coupling region 55 or the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling region 70.
- the measuring Diffraction structure 53 of the transmission coupling region 55 and the sensor coupling region 70 are set up for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam 81, 86 with a wavelength L in the NIR range S.
- the measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmission coupling region 55 and the measuring diffraction structure 51 of the transmission coupling region 70 can be set up in such a way to bring about a similar wavelength-dependent deflection.
- the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling region 70 and the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65 can be set up in such a way to bring about a similar wavelength-dependent deflection.
- a measuring light beam 80, 85 to be coupled in and a measuring light beam 80, 82 coupled out can experience a deflection through the measuring diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 that is similar to one another.
- Figure 2 shows the deflection through the measuring diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 purely schematically.
- the deflection angles 58 are not illustrated to scale.
- the deflection angle of the measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmission coupling area 55 is not drawn to scale and can be larger than shown in order to achieve total reflection of the coupled measuring light beam 81.
- the measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmit coupling region 55 and the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling region 70 are arranged to overlap in the first direction R1.
- the measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmit coupling region 55 and the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling region 70 can be arranged to partially overlap or not overlap or disjointly in the first direction R1.
- the measuring diffraction structures 53, 54 of the transmission coupling region 55 and/or the sensor decoupling region 70 or the transmission coupling region 55 and/or the sensor decoupling region 70 can be designed in such a way that they do not have an optical imaging function in addition to the deflection.
- the measuring diffraction structures 53, 54 or the transmission coupling region 55 and/or the sensor decoupling region 70 In addition to deflection, they provide an optical imaging function and thus produce an optical image.
- the optical imaging function can implement the function of a converging lens or diverging lens, a concave or convex mirror, whereby the curved surfaces (centered or decentered) can be spherically curved or aspherically curved surfaces.
- Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure for representing a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution 93.
- Figure 3 shows a simplified representation of the waveguide 50 of Figure 2.
- Figure 3 shows the waveguide 50 with the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65 and the measuring
- Diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling area 70 The measuring diffraction structure 53 of the transmitting coupling area 55 and the measuring
- Diffraction structure 51 of the transmission coupling-out region 60 are not shown in Figure 3.
- the parts of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 illustrated schematically in Figure 3 show the measuring light beam 85 reflected by the object 15 (not shown), the measuring light beam 86 coupled into the waveguide 50 in the sensor coupling region 65 and the measuring light beam 80 coupled out of the waveguide 50 into the sensor coupling-out region 70.
- Figure 3 illustrates three different parts of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86, each with different wavelengths L within the NIR range S.
- the parts of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 with the different wavelengths L are shown with different line types.
- One part of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 is shown with arrows with a solid line, with a dotted line and with a dashed line.
- the measuring light beam 85 strikes the surface 66 of the waveguide 50 at a first angle of incidence A1, as described with reference to Figure 1, and is coupled into the waveguide 50 depending on the wavelength L.
- the parts of the measuring light beam 85 are deflected by the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65.
- the deflection takes place in such a way that the different parts of the measuring light beam 85, 86 have different deflection angles 58 and travel different optical paths within the waveguide 50 with correspondingly different optical path lengths 91 and different travel times 92, thus leading to different path length contributions 93 and/or travel time contributions 94.
- the measuring light beam 86 propagates through the waveguide 50 and strikes the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling-out region 70, where it is deflected according to the respective wavelength L of the respective part of the measuring light beam 86 and coupled out of the waveguide 50.
- the coupled-out measuring light beam 80 is directed in the direction of the light sensor 30 (not shown in Figure 3).
- the different parts of the measuring light beam 80 are directed to image points 32 (not shown in Figure 3) with different vertical pixel positions vp, as shown schematically in Figure 3.
- the different parts of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 are thus detected by different image points 32 of the light sensor 30 depending on the wavelength L.
- the different pixels 32 of the light sensor 30 can be assigned an optical path and thus an optical path length 91 and a travel time 92 of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86.
- FIG 4 shows a schematic representation of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure for representing a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution 93.
- Figure 4 shows the waveguide 50 of the device 10 as described with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
- Figure 4 shows a different perspective of the waveguide 50.
- the measuring light beam 85 strikes the surface 66 of the waveguide 50 at a second angle of incidence A2 as described with reference to Figure 1 and is coupled into the waveguide 50 depending on the wavelength L.
- the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 is deflected by the measuring diffraction structure 52, 54 according to the wavelength L as described with reference to Figure 3.
- the horizontal component of the deflection preferably has no or only a slight wavelength dependence, but is essentially determined by the refraction of the light beam when entering the waveguide 50 through an entry angle. This is advantageously due to the design of the measuring diffraction structure 52, 54 and in particular to its grating vector.
- each part of the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 is coupled out of the waveguide 50 in the sensor coupling-out region 70 by the measuring diffraction structure 54 and, depending on the entry angle, strikes an image point 32 that can be assigned to the entry angle and has a horizontal pixel position hp assigned to the entry angle.
- the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor coupling region 65 has a height of 16 mm, a width of 150 mm and a thickness of 100 /z m.
- the measuring diffraction structure 54 of the sensor coupling region 70 has a height of 16 mm, a width of 16 mm and a thickness of 100 /z m.
- Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure for representing a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution 93.
- Figure 5 shows the waveguide 50 of the device 10 as described with reference to Figures 2 to 4.
- Figure 5 shows a further perspective of the waveguide 50, with only the measuring light beam 86 within the waveguide 50 being illustrated.
- the waveform of the measuring light beam 86 shows that the measuring light beam 86 passes through the waveguide 50 with a number of total reflections 57 from the measuring diffraction structure 52 of the sensor
- Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a deflection curve 200 of a measurement diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure.
- Figure 6 shows a relationship between a deflection angle 58 and the wavelength L for the measurement diffraction structures 51, 52, 53, 54 shown with reference to Figures 1 to 5. It can be seen that with increasing wavelength L in the spectral range S, coupling occurs at a monotonically decreasing deflection angle 58, the deflection angle 58 being approximately +20° at a wavelength L of 720 nm and approximately -20° at a wavelength L of 950 nm.
- Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure for representing a wavelength-dependent optical path length contribution 93.
- Figure 7 is described with reference to Figure 3 and its description.
- the coupling and decoupling structures i.e. the measuring diffraction structures 52, 54 of the sensor coupling region 65 and the sensor decoupling region 70, are designed such that the incident angles A1, A2 are coupled out of the waveguide 50 unchanged, i.e. the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 experiences a deflection by the same deflection angle 58 for each wavelength L when coupling in and when coupling out.
- Both measuring diffraction structures 52, 54 therefore have the same optical function and can be manufactured in the same way to one another.
- the different angles of incidence and the dispersion of the waveguide material result in different propagation angles and optical path lengths within the waveguide 50.
- the measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 is deflected by the measuring diffraction structures 52, 54 as described with reference to Figure 6.
- a measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 at an angle of incidence A1 of -20° is coupled in with a wavelength L of 951 nm and, according to the geometry 56 of the waveguide 50 and the measuring diffraction structures 52, 54 in the waveguide 50 described with reference to Figures 1 and 5, has an optical path length contribution 93 of 477.4 mm due to the propagation through the waveguide 50.
- a measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 at an angle of incidence A1 of 0° is coupled in with a wavelength L of 861 nm and has an optical path length contribution 93 of 411.6 mm.
- a measuring light beam 80, 85, 86 at an angle of incidence A1 of +20° is coupled in with a wavelength L of 725 nm and has an optical path length contribution 93 of 365.9 mm.
- Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of an optional dependence of a wavelength L on a first angle of incidence A1 and on a second angle of incidence A2 of a measuring diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to one aspect of the disclosure.
- Figure 8 shows the generalization of the deflection curve 200 according to Figure 6 relating to two angles of incidence A1, A2.
- Figure 8 illustrates at which angles of incidence A1, A2 which wavelength L can be coupled into and/or out of the waveguide 50 with one of the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52, 53, 54.
- the first angle of incidence A1 is an angle between a normal of the surface 66 of the waveguide 50 and a direction of the measuring light beam 80, 81, 86 in or projected into a plane spanned by the first direction R1 and the second direction R2.
- the second angle of incidence A2 is an angle between a normal of the surface 66 of the waveguide 50 and a direction of the measuring light beam 80, 81, 86 in or projected into a plane spanned by the second direction R2 and the third direction R3 (see Figures 1 to 7).
- Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of an optional dependence of an optical path length contribution 93 on a first angle of incidence A1 and on a second angle of incidence A2 of a waveguide 50 of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to one aspect of the disclosure.
- the optical path length contribution 93 can be deduced from the angles of incidence A1, A2.
- the wavelength L can also be deduced from the angles of incidence A1, A2.
- the angles of incidence A1, A2, the optical path length contribution 93 and the wavelength L are therefore in a relationship to one another that is predetermined by the geometry of the waveguide 50 and the nature of the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52, 53, 54.
- the information according to Figure 9 can be stored in a memory 96 of a device according to Figures 1 to 7 so that it can be retrieved.
- Figure 9 can thus serve as a look-up table, wherein the wavelength L of the measuring light beam 80 can be determined by the horizontal pixel position hp and the vertical pixel position vp as described with reference to Figures 1, 3 and 4.
- the path length distribution caused by the waveguide 50 i.e. the distribution of the path length contributions 93, is subtracted from the distance distribution determined by the time of flight measurement for the distance between the object 15 and the device 10 in order to obtain a corrected measurement result for the distance distribution.
- Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a deflection efficiency I of a measuring light beam 80, 81, 82, 85, 86 deflected by a measuring diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54.
- a measuring diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 is one of the measuring diffraction structures 51, 52, 53, 54 described with reference to the preceding figures.
- the upper graph of Figure 10 shows the deflection efficiency I as a function of the deflection angle 58 and the wavelength L in the spectral range S.
- the deflection efficiency I can be adjusted comparatively precisely by a certain Deflection angle 58 is localized and with increasing wavelength L the localization decreases by the deflection angle 58 corresponding to the wavelength L.
- This is also shown in the lower graph of Figure 10. Therein, curves for different wavelengths L are shown, wherein a low wavelength L causes an essentially unimodal and localized angular distribution around a deflection angle 58, while the angular distribution around a respective deflection angle 58 is less localized at larger wavelengths L.
- the measurement diffraction structure 51, 52, 53, 54 can be produced by appropriate exposure of the waveguide 50.
- the deflection efficiency I and thus the object area 16 or the field of view (FOV) can be adjusted.
- the angular selectivity can be improved according to the requirements, so that a narrower band spectrum is coupled out at a particular angle and thus a runtime uncertainty is reduced.
- Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 92 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure.
- the device 10 has an image light source 22 for emitting a visible image light beam 23.
- the image light source 22 comprises, for example, a matrix of light-emitting diodes and/or an LC display.
- the waveguide 50 has an image diffraction structure 77 for deflecting the image light beam 23 depending on the wavelength. This is used to image or reconstruct a user interface 87 spaced apart from the waveguide 50 in the second direction R2, as described in WO 2020/157306 A1 with reference to the lighting and projection system.
- the image light source 22 can be arranged such that the image light source 22 and the image diffraction structure 77 are spaced apart from one another in the first direction R1. This allows a wavelength-dependent transparency of the device 10 in the region of the image diffraction structure 77 and/or a more diverse arrangement of the components of the device 10 can be achieved.
- the data processing device 90 is set up to detect a user input 24 through the user interface 87 based on the travel time 92 of the measuring light beam 80.
- the object 15 whose distance from the device 10 is to be determined is, for example, a body part of a user.
- the user moves the object 15 in order to interact with the user interface 87.
- the device 10 is set up to control the image light source 22 depending on the optical path length 91 and/or the travel time 92 of the measuring light beam 80, i.e. the distance between the object 15 and the device 10.
- the embodiment of the device 10 shown in Figure 11 can be used in particular for a user terminal 210 and is thereby included in the user terminal 210.
- the user terminal 210 is, for example, a smartphone, a particularly portable computer and/or a device on a motor vehicle. This makes it possible in particular to implement gesture monitoring and/or a motion detector.
- the arrangement of the image diffraction structure 77 and optionally an additional deflection function of the image diffraction structure 77 enables the light to be directed to an area of the user terminal 210 that is not visible to a user.
- Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a device 10 for measuring a transit time 91 according to an optional aspect of the disclosure.
- Figure 12 reference is made to the description of the previous figures.
- the device 10 is designed to virtually image an imaging object 88 spaced apart from the waveguide 50 in a second direction R2 relative to the object 15. This allows a user to look through the waveguide 50 and sees the imaging object 88 arranged relative to the object 15.
- the image light source 22 and the image diffraction structure 77 are arranged at a distance from one another in the first direction R1.
- the device 10 is designed to control the image light source 22 dynamically and/or depending on a detected movement of the object 15.
- the embodiment shown in Figure 12 is particularly applicable to a detection and illumination device 220 and is thereby dependent on the detection and illumination device.
- Figure 13 shows a flow chart of an optional method 100 for measuring a runtime 92 according to one aspect of the disclosure.
- the method 100 can be carried out using one of the devices 10 for measuring the runtime 92 described in the preceding figures.
- the method 100 is a method 100 for measuring the travel time 92 of a measuring light beam 80.
- the method 100 comprises: guiding 110 the measuring light beam 80 to an object 15 located in an object region 16 of the device 10 and the measuring light beam 85 reflected by the object 15 to a light sensor 30 at least partially through a waveguide 50 with a measuring diffraction structure 51, 52 for wavelength-dependent deflection of the measuring light beam 81, 86, wherein the measuring light beam 86 covers a wavelength-dependent path length 91 in the waveguide 50.
- An optical path length contribution 93 and/or a transit time contribution 94 for the measuring light beam 80 detected by the light sensor 30 is determined 120, taking into account the wavelength-dependent path length 91 of the measuring light beam 86 in the waveguide 50.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112023004451.1T DE112023004451A5 (de) | 2022-10-24 | 2023-10-23 | Vorrichtung zur Messung einer Laufzeit eines Mess-Lichtstrahls, Nutzerendgerät, Detektions- und Beleuchtungsgerät, Verfahren zur Messung einer Laufzeit eines Mess-Lichtstrahls, Computerprogramm und/oder computerlesbares Medium und Datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung |
| CN202380073591.2A CN120035775A (zh) | 2022-10-24 | 2023-10-23 | 用于对测量光束的飞行时间进行测量的装置、用户终端、检测与照明设备、用于对测量光束的飞行时间进行测量的方法、计算机程序和/或计算机可读介质以及数据处理装置 |
| KR1020257011925A KR20250094665A (ko) | 2022-10-24 | 2023-10-23 | 측정 광 빔의 전파 시간을 측정하기 위한 디바이스, 사용자 단말기, 검출 및 조명 장치, 측정 광 빔의 전파 시간을 측정하기 위한 방법, 컴퓨터 프로그램 및/또는 컴퓨터 판독 가능한 매체, 및 데이터 처리 디바이스 |
| US19/186,664 US20250251495A1 (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2025-04-23 | Device for measuring a propagation time of a measurement light beam, user terminal, detection and lighting apparatus, method for measuring a propagation time of a measurement light beam, computer program and/or computer-readable medium and data processing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022211264.4 | 2022-10-24 | ||
| DE102022211264.4A DE102022211264A1 (de) | 2022-10-24 | 2022-10-24 | Vorrichtung zur Messung einer Laufzeit eines Mess-Lichtstrahls, Nutzerendgerät, Detektions- und Beleuchtungsgerät, Verfahren zur Messung einer Laufzeit eines Mess-Lichtstrahls, Computerprogramm und/oder computerlesbares Medium und Datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19/186,664 Continuation US20250251495A1 (en) | 2022-10-24 | 2025-04-23 | Device for measuring a propagation time of a measurement light beam, user terminal, detection and lighting apparatus, method for measuring a propagation time of a measurement light beam, computer program and/or computer-readable medium and data processing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024088985A1 true WO2024088985A1 (de) | 2024-05-02 |
Family
ID=88558499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/079520 Ceased WO2024088985A1 (de) | 2022-10-24 | 2023-10-23 | Vorrichtung zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, nutzerendgerät, detektions- und beleuchtungsgerät, verfahren zur messung einer laufzeit eines mess-lichtstrahls, computerprogramm und/oder computerlesbares medium und datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250251495A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250094665A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120035775A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102022211264A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024088985A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040008405A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-01-15 | Coherent Technologies, Inc. | Power scalable waveguide amplifier and laser devices |
| WO2020157306A1 (de) | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Funktionalisierter wellenleiter für ein detektorsystem |
| DE102019206374A1 (de) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-05 | Audi Ag | Erfassungsvorrichtung mit zumindest einer Sensoreinrichtung, einer Auswerteeinrichtung, einer Lichtquelle sowie einem Trägermedium |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2975768A1 (de) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-20 | SMR Patents S.à.r.l. | Bedieneinrichtung für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| EP3118651B1 (de) * | 2015-07-17 | 2021-04-21 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Laufzeitmessvorrichtung und laufzeitmessverfahren mit ambiguitätslösung in echtzeit |
| HK1256971A1 (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2019-10-04 | 博莱佳私人有限公司 | 空间分析测量系统和方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-10-24 DE DE102022211264.4A patent/DE102022211264A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-10-23 WO PCT/EP2023/079520 patent/WO2024088985A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-23 DE DE112023004451.1T patent/DE112023004451A5/de active Pending
- 2023-10-23 CN CN202380073591.2A patent/CN120035775A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-23 KR KR1020257011925A patent/KR20250094665A/ko active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-04-23 US US19/186,664 patent/US20250251495A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040008405A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-01-15 | Coherent Technologies, Inc. | Power scalable waveguide amplifier and laser devices |
| WO2020157306A1 (de) | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Funktionalisierter wellenleiter für ein detektorsystem |
| DE102019206374A1 (de) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-05 | Audi Ag | Erfassungsvorrichtung mit zumindest einer Sensoreinrichtung, einer Auswerteeinrichtung, einer Lichtquelle sowie einem Trägermedium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20250094665A (ko) | 2025-06-25 |
| CN120035775A (zh) | 2025-05-23 |
| DE112023004451A5 (de) | 2025-08-14 |
| US20250251495A1 (en) | 2025-08-07 |
| DE102022211264A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 |
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