WO2024086974A1 - Matrice, tige de commande, ensemble de commande de réacteur, et système - Google Patents

Matrice, tige de commande, ensemble de commande de réacteur, et système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024086974A1
WO2024086974A1 PCT/CN2022/127051 CN2022127051W WO2024086974A1 WO 2024086974 A1 WO2024086974 A1 WO 2024086974A1 CN 2022127051 W CN2022127051 W CN 2022127051W WO 2024086974 A1 WO2024086974 A1 WO 2024086974A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
core
absorbent core
control rod
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/127051
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李子熙
胡海翔
鲁亚恒
任志立
庞铮铮
Original Assignee
中广核研究院有限公司
中国广核集团有限公司
中国广核电力股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中广核研究院有限公司, 中国广核集团有限公司, 中国广核电力股份有限公司 filed Critical 中广核研究院有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/127051 priority Critical patent/WO2024086974A1/fr
Publication of WO2024086974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024086974A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
    • G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
    • G21C7/10—Construction of control elements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of nuclear energy, and in particular to a substrate, a control rod, a reactor control assembly and a system.
  • the active area of the reactor control assembly is mainly designed in the form of a control rod bundle, in which the control rod is mainly a "cladding-core block” structure, and the absorbent core is located in the cladding.
  • the control rod is mainly a "cladding-core block” structure
  • the absorbent core is located in the cladding.
  • On the cross section of the control rod from the inside to the outside are the absorbent core and the cladding, and the cladding and the absorbent core are directly spaced apart.
  • the cladding is generally a thin stainless steel round tube structure.
  • boron carbide as the absorber core material as an example, during the irradiation operation, boron carbide swells due to irradiation and breaks due to factors such as thermal stress and helium retention.
  • the swelling of the absorber core and the generation of absorber core fragments will affect the life of the control rod, and then affect the life of the reactor control assembly.
  • the main mechanism is: the absorber core or absorber core fragments interact with the cladding material (ACMI), causing the cladding to break and affecting the integrity of the control rod.
  • ACMI cladding material
  • the redistribution of small absorber core fragments inside the control rod will lead to geometric changes such as a decrease in the length of the absorber segment and a thickening of the diameter, thereby affecting the arrangement integrity and reactivity distribution of the control rod in the axial position, and then damaging the function of the absorber element rod.
  • the free carbon element produced by boron carbide irradiation penetrates into the stainless steel cladding, causing the embrittlement of the cladding material, which will also threaten the integrity of the control rod.
  • control rods in the current reactor control assembly have a problem of short life.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a control rod substrate.
  • a control rod substrate which is adapted to the absorbent core and cladding of the control rod.
  • a core groove is provided on the substrate, which is used to accommodate the absorbent core. When in use, the absorbent core is located in the core groove, and the substrate is located in the cladding.
  • the material of the substrate includes solid metal.
  • the material of the matrix includes one or more of a neutron absorbing material and a moderating material.
  • the moderator material includes one or more of zirconium hydride, yttrium hydride, graphite, beryllium and beryllium oxide.
  • a cooling channel is further provided on the base, and the cooling channel is used to cool the absorbent core.
  • the substrate is columnar, and the cooling channel is located in the axial direction of the substrate.
  • an air vent is provided on the base, and the air vent is communicated with the core groove.
  • the base includes a top and a main body
  • the core groove is a groove opened on the main body and open at one end, the opening of the groove faces the main body, and the air duct is located on the top.
  • the base body is provided with a plurality of core grooves, the plurality of core grooves are arranged at intervals, and the absorbent core is located in each of the core grooves.
  • the base body is provided with a plurality of cooling channels, and the plurality of cooling channels are arranged at intervals.
  • the absorbent core is in a rod shape, and the peripheral surface of the absorbent core is in direct contact with the core groove.
  • the base body further includes a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is used for fixedly connecting with the cladding.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a control rod, including:
  • the substrate is located in the shell.
  • control rod includes a plurality of absorbent cores
  • the base body is provided with a plurality of core grooves
  • each of the core grooves contains one of the absorbent cores.
  • control rod further comprises a support member, wherein the support member is located in the core groove, and the support member is used to support the absorbent core and provide axial positioning for the absorbent core.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a reactor control assembly, including:
  • control rod of any of the above embodiments is fixed on the bracket.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a reactor control system, comprising the reactor control assembly and a driving member of any of the above embodiments, wherein the driving member is used to drive the reactor control assembly.
  • FIG1 is a control rod according to an embodiment
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of the control rod shown in FIG1;
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the control rod shown in FIG1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the control rod shown in FIG. 1 at another angle.
  • Control rod 110. Absorbent core; 120. Matrix; 121. Core groove; 122. Air passage; 123. Connecting part; 130. Enclosure; 131. Bottom shell; 132. Middle section; 133. Top shell; 140. Fixing part.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • installed can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection
  • it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • fixed connection is an abbreviation of "fixed connection”, and the method of fixed connection is not particularly limited. It can also be a detachable fixed connection, such as screw connection, clamping connection, etc., or it can be a non-detachable fixed connection, such as bonding, welding, and riveting.
  • a detachable fixed connection such as screw connection, clamping connection, etc.
  • a non-detachable fixed connection such as bonding, welding, and riveting.
  • two elements when two elements are described as being in a connected relationship, they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements.
  • the term “approximately” used in this article refers to ⁇ 10% of the value; further, “approximately” refers to ⁇ 5% of the value; further, “approximately” refers to ⁇ 3% of the value.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a reactor control assembly that can be used in a fast neutron reactor.
  • the reactor control assembly includes a bracket and a control rod 10.
  • the control rod 10 is fixed on the bracket.
  • the control rod 10 includes an absorbent core 110 , a base 120 and a shell 130 .
  • a core groove 121 is formed on the base 120 .
  • the absorbent core 110 is located in the core groove 121
  • the base 120 is located in the shell 130 .
  • the absorption core 110 is a component that mainly absorbs fast neutrons.
  • the material of the absorption core 110 includes one or more of boron carbide, hafnium (Hf), silver indium cadmium (Ag-In-Cd) and dysprosium titanate.
  • the material of the absorption core 110 is boron carbide, hafnium, silver indium cadmium or dysprosium titanate. It is understood that in other embodiments, the material of the absorption core 110 is not limited to the above, and can also be other materials.
  • the shape of the absorption core 110 is not particularly limited, and it can be adapted to the core groove 121. In an optional specific example, the absorption core 110 is rod-shaped or block-shaped.
  • the circumference of the absorbent core 110 is in direct contact with the core groove 121. In other embodiments, there is a gap between the circumference of the absorbent core 110 and the core groove 121. In some embodiments, the absorbent core 110 does not completely fill the core groove 121, that is, there is a remaining space between the absorbent core 110 and the core groove 121. By such a configuration, there is room for the absorbent core 110 to expand after irradiation.
  • the absorbent core 110 is rod-shaped, the diameter of the absorbent core 110 is about 3 mm to 15 mm, and the length of the absorbent core 110 is about 100 mm to 900 mm. It is understood that the diameter and length of the absorbent core 110 are not limited thereto and can be adjusted according to specific needs.
  • the control rod 10 includes a plurality of absorbent cores 110.
  • the number of core grooves 121 may be equal to the number of absorbent cores 110, or may be less than the number of absorbent cores 110 (for example, there are multiple absorbent cores 110 and one core groove 121).
  • there are multiple absorbent cores 110 and the number of core grooves 121 is equal to the number of absorbent cores 110, that is, there are also multiple absorbent cores, and each core groove 121 has an absorbent core 110.
  • the absorbent core 110 is in the shape of a round rod, and there are seven absorbent cores 110.
  • the number of absorbent cores 110 is not limited to this, and may also be other. For example, one, two, three, five, eight or ten, etc.
  • the shape of the absorbent core 110 is not limited to a rod shape, and may also be other shapes.
  • the cross section of the absorbent core 110 is circular. It is understood that in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the absorbent core 110 is not limited thereto, and may be other shapes, such as square, oval, etc. Compared with the control rod 10 having one absorbent core 110, the control rod 10 having multiple absorbent cores 110 has a simpler preparation process and better performance.
  • one of the absorbent cores 110 is located at the center of the base 120, and the remaining six absorbent cores 110 are arranged at equal intervals around the absorbent core 110 located at the center of the base 120. It is understood that in other embodiments, the arrangement of the absorbent cores 110 is not limited to the above, and can also be other forms, such as arranged in a square matrix. Of course, the core grooves 121 need to be arranged accordingly.
  • the matrix 120 is located between the absorbent core 110 and the cladding 130.
  • the radial gap between the cladding 130 and the absorbent core 110 is partially or completely filled by the matrix 120, thereby reducing the risk of rupture of the cladding 130 caused by the interaction between the absorbent core 110 and the cladding 130, and improving the integrity of the absorbent body section of the absorbent core 110 in a fast neutron environment, so that the swelling phenomenon and fragments generated by the breakage of the absorbent core 110 during operation can be better contained, so that the control rod 10 has a longer service life, thereby improving the service life of the reactor control assembly.
  • the material of the substrate 120 includes solid metal. In one embodiment, the material of the substrate 120 is solid metal. In an optional specific example, the material of the substrate 120 includes stainless steel.
  • the material of the substrate 120 includes solid metal, which can make the substrate 120 have higher strength, and the solid metal has good heat transfer efficiency, can quickly conduct heat in the radial direction, and make the effect of thermal stress received by the absorbent core 110 smaller, so that the substrate 120 can better withstand the effect of fragments generated by the expansion and fragmentation of the absorbent core 110, and improve the life of the control rod 10.
  • the material of the substrate 120 includes one or more of a neutron absorbing material and a moderator material.
  • the material of the substrate 120 including the neutron absorbing material and the moderator material can make the substrate 120 have the ability to absorb fast neutrons, which can further improve the absorption efficiency of the control rod 10.
  • the neutron absorbing material includes one or more of boron, boron carbide, cadmium, and silver indium cadmium.
  • the neutron absorbing material is boron, boron carbide, cadmium, or silver indium cadmium.
  • the moderator material includes one or more of zirconium hydride (ZrH 2 ), yttrium hydride (YH 2 ), graphite (C), beryllium (Be), and beryllium oxide (BeO).
  • the moderator material is zirconium hydride, yttrium hydride, graphite, beryllium, or beryllium oxide. It can be understood that the neutron absorbing material and the moderator material are not limited to the above, and can also be other substances.
  • the substrate 120 is generally a cylindrical structure having a plurality of spaced grooves (core grooves 121).
  • the substrate 120 is generally honeycomb-shaped. It is understood that in other embodiments, the shape of the substrate 120 is not limited to the above, and may also be other structures having grooves (core grooves 121). For example, a quadrangular prism structure having through holes and blind holes.
  • the base 120 includes a top and a main body, and the core groove 121 is a groove opened on the main body and opened at one end, and the opening of the groove faces the top.
  • the top and the main body are detachably fixedly connected (for example, screwed, clamped, etc.).
  • the top is fixedly connected to the main body, so as to be assembled into the control rod 10.
  • the substrate 120 is cylindrical, the diameter of the substrate 120 is about 35 mm to 50 mm, and the length of the substrate 120 is about 200 mm to 1000 mm. It is understood that the diameter and length of the substrate 120 are not limited thereto and can be adjusted according to specific needs.
  • a cooling channel (not shown) is provided on the base 120, and the cooling channel is used to cool the absorbent core 110.
  • the cooling channel is used for the circulation of coolant. When in use, the coolant flows from the end of the main body away from the top to the top through the cooling channel. It is understandable that the type of coolant is not limited and can be a coolant commonly used in the art.
  • the base 120 is columnar, and the cooling channel is located in the axial direction of the base 120. In one embodiment, the cooling channel is spirally arranged along the axial direction of the base 120. In another embodiment, the cooling channel is parallel to the axial direction of the base 120. In some embodiments, the cooling channel is connected to the core groove 121.
  • the cooling channel is not connected to the core groove 121. In some embodiments, there are multiple cooling channels, and the multiple cooling channels are arranged at intervals. In other embodiments, there are multiple cooling channels, some of which are connected to the core groove 121, and some of which are spaced apart from the core groove 121.
  • the cooling channels are arranged around the center of the substrate 120 for two cycles.
  • the spacing between the cooling channels in the cycle close to the center of the substrate 120 is equal, and the spacing between the cooling channels in the cycle farther from the center of the substrate 120 is also equal.
  • the base 120 is provided with an air duct 122, which is communicated with the core groove 121.
  • the air duct 122 Through the provision of the air duct 122, the gas generated by the absorption core 110 due to irradiation can be discharged in time, reducing the effect of the gas generated after the absorption core 110 is irradiated on the base 120, and reducing the effect of the gas generated after the absorption core 110 is irradiated on the shell 130.
  • the air duct 122 is provided on the top. In the illustrated embodiment, the air duct 122 is located on the axis of the protrusion at the top and runs through the protrusion.
  • the air duct 122 can also be provided at other positions on the top, so that the gas generated by the absorption core 110 in the core groove 121 can be released. It can be understood that the air duct 122 can also be communicated with the cooling channel. For example, the liquid outlet end of the cooling channel is communicated with the core groove 121, and the core groove 121 is communicated with the air duct. At this time, the coolant flowing in from the cooling flow channel may flow from the cooling flow channel into the core groove 121 , then flow into the air passage 122 through the flow groove, and then flow out from the air passage 122 .
  • the base 120 further includes a connection portion 123, which is located at one end of the main body away from the top and is used to be fixedly connected to the enclosure 130.
  • the connection portion 123 is a protruding structure located at one end of the main body away from the top.
  • the shell 130 is used to accommodate the base 120. It can be understood that the shell 130 is adapted to the base 120 so that the absorbent core 110, the base 120 and the shell 130 can be assembled to form the control rod 10. In the illustrated embodiment, it includes a bottom shell 131, a middle section 132 and a top shell 133; the top shell 133 is close to the top, and the bottom shell 131 is close to the connecting portion 123; there is also a gap between the top shell 133 and the base 120.
  • a cooling channel is provided on the base 120
  • a through hole connected to the cooling channel is provided on the top shell 133, and a channel for the coolant to flow in is provided on the bottom shell 131.
  • an air duct 122 is provided on the base 120, a through hole connected to the air duct 122 is provided on the bottom shell 131.
  • the top shell 133 and the middle section 132 are an integral structure.
  • the material of the cladding 130 includes zirconium alloy and stainless steel. In one embodiment, the material of the cladding 130 is stainless steel.
  • the control rod 10 further includes a support member (not shown), which is located in the core groove 121 and is used to support the absorbent core 110 and provide axial positioning to the absorbent core 110 to form an absorption section in the axial direction.
  • the support member is a support tube, a spring or an isolation block (for example, an isolation block made of foam ceramic material, which can also prevent the fragments of the absorbent core 110 from escaping or foreign matter from entering the matrix 120).
  • the support member is located at one end of the core groove 121 close to the top. In other embodiments, the support member is located at one end of the core groove 121 away from the top.
  • the control rod 10 further comprises a fixing member 140.
  • the fixing member 140 is used to fix the substrate 120 in the cladding 130.
  • the fixing member 140 is a round pancake-shaped structure having a plurality of through holes, wherein the through hole located in the center is fastened to the connecting portion 123 to fix the substrate 120 in the cladding 130, and the remaining through holes are used for the coolant to flow into the cooling channel.
  • the shape of the fixing member 140 is not limited to the above, and the fixing connection method of the fixing member 140 and the connecting portion 123 is not limited to the above, and can also be other methods.
  • the material of the fixing member 140 comprises zirconium alloy or stainless steel.
  • the absorbent core 110 is rod-shaped, the diameter of the absorbent core 110 is 3mm-15mm, and the length of the absorbent core 110 is 100mm-900mm; the substrate 120 is cylindrical, the diameter of the substrate 120 is 35mm-50mm, and the length of the substrate 120 is 200mm-1000mm.
  • the absorbent core 110 when assembling the control rod 10, is placed in the core groove 121 of the main body, and then the main body is fixedly connected to the top to form a base 120 equipped with the absorbent core 110; the top shell 133 and the middle section 132 are fixedly connected to form a shell that can accommodate the base 120; after the base 120 equipped with the absorbent core 110 is placed in the shell, the fixing part 140 is placed on the connecting part 123 of the base 120 equipped with the absorbent core 110 and covered with the bottom shell 131, and the bottom shell 131, the fixing part 140 and the shell are fixedly connected to accommodate the base 120 equipped with the absorbent core 110 in the shell 130 including the bottom shell 131, the middle section 132 and the top shell 133, and assembled to form the control rod 10.
  • the above-mentioned reactor control assembly includes a plurality of control rods 10.
  • the plurality of control rods 10 are fixed on a bracket at intervals to form a bundle of control rods 10.
  • the shape of the bracket is not particularly limited and can be set according to the number of control rods 10 and the specific scenario.
  • the bracket can be four-clawed, five-clawed, six-clawed or eight-clawed, with one control rod 10 fixed on each claw, or a plurality of control rods 10 are fixed on each claw at intervals.
  • the number of control rods 10 on each claw can be equal or unequal.
  • the bracket can be disc-shaped, and the control rods 10 are arranged at equal or unequal intervals along the center of the disc.
  • a matrix 120 is disposed between the cladding 130 and the absorbent core 110.
  • the matrix 120 wraps the absorbent core 110 and at least partially fills the gap between the cladding 130 and the absorbent core 110, thereby making the integrity of the absorbent core 110 (for example, the absorbent core 110 using boron carbide as the absorbent material) less likely to be destroyed in a fast neutron environment and extending the life of the reactor control assembly.
  • the matrix 120 can have a greater thickness and higher strength, which can significantly reduce the risk of damage to the cladding 130 caused by the interaction between the absorbent core 110 and the cladding 130, and better contain the swelling and fragments generated by the breakage of the absorbent core 110 during operation, thereby increasing the life of the control rods 10 and extending the life of the reactor control assembly.
  • the material of the substrate 120 can be solid metal, so that the thermal conductivity of the substrate 120 is good, and the thermal stress on the absorbent core 110 can be further reduced to increase the life of the control rod 10, and the life of the reactor control assembly is longer.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a reactor control system, which includes a driving member and a reactor control assembly of any of the above embodiments, wherein the driving member is used to drive the reactor control assembly.
  • the driving member drives the reactor control assembly so that the reactor control assembly can reach a preset position, thereby realizing its reaction control function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne une matrice, une tige de commande, un ensemble de commande de réacteur et un système. La matrice (120) selon la présente demande est conçue pour un noyau d'absorption (110) et à une gaine (130) de la tige de commande (10). La matrice (110) est pourvue d'un évidement de noyau (121), et l'évidement de noyau (121) est utilisé pour recevoir le noyau d'absorption (110). Lors de l'utilisation, le noyau d'absorption (110) est situé dans l'évidement de noyau (121), et la matrice (120) est située dans la gaine (130).
PCT/CN2022/127051 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Matrice, tige de commande, ensemble de commande de réacteur, et système WO2024086974A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/127051 WO2024086974A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Matrice, tige de commande, ensemble de commande de réacteur, et système

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/127051 WO2024086974A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Matrice, tige de commande, ensemble de commande de réacteur, et système

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WO2024086974A1 true WO2024086974A1 (fr) 2024-05-02

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1828709A3 (ru) * 1990-07-10 1995-05-20 Физико-энергетический институт Регулирующий стержень ядерного реактора на быстрых нейтронах
US8537962B1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2013-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Advanced gray rod control assembly
CN103778972A (zh) * 2014-02-24 2014-05-07 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种带轴向分区控制棒与重金属吸收体棒的控制棒组件
WO2018132366A1 (fr) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Yellowstone Energy, Inc. Contrôle de réacteur nucléaire
CN114913997A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-08-16 中广核研究院有限公司 控制棒及控制棒组件

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1828709A3 (ru) * 1990-07-10 1995-05-20 Физико-энергетический институт Регулирующий стержень ядерного реактора на быстрых нейтронах
US8537962B1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2013-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Advanced gray rod control assembly
CN103778972A (zh) * 2014-02-24 2014-05-07 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种带轴向分区控制棒与重金属吸收体棒的控制棒组件
WO2018132366A1 (fr) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Yellowstone Energy, Inc. Contrôle de réacteur nucléaire
CN114913997A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-08-16 中广核研究院有限公司 控制棒及控制棒组件

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