WO2024083961A1 - Dispositif électrochirurgical, système et procédé de commande d'un dispositif électrochirurgical - Google Patents

Dispositif électrochirurgical, système et procédé de commande d'un dispositif électrochirurgical Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024083961A1
WO2024083961A1 PCT/EP2023/079093 EP2023079093W WO2024083961A1 WO 2024083961 A1 WO2024083961 A1 WO 2024083961A1 EP 2023079093 W EP2023079093 W EP 2023079093W WO 2024083961 A1 WO2024083961 A1 WO 2024083961A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output stages
voltage
output
electrosurgical device
shaped
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/079093
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jérôme Pierre
Thomas Hinding
Original Assignee
Karl Storz Se & Co. Kg
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Publication date
Application filed by Karl Storz Se & Co. Kg filed Critical Karl Storz Se & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2024083961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024083961A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
    • A61B2018/00767—Voltage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00892—Voltage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
    • A61B2018/1286—Generators therefor having a specific transformer

Definitions

  • Electrosurgical device system and method for controlling an electrosurgical device
  • the invention relates to an electrosurgical device for high frequency generation.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising an electrosurgical device and an electrosurgical instrument.
  • the invention also relates to a method for controlling an electrosurgical device.
  • high-frequency surgery or electrosurgery
  • high-frequency alternating current is passed through the human body in order to specifically damage or cut tissue through the heat it causes.
  • tissue sealing involves heating tissue using high-frequency current. As a result of the heating, the tissue is sealed. This makes it possible to immediately stop any bleeding in the tissue.
  • a current used for heating should have a certain frequency to prevent nerve irritation. In other words, the nerves should not be stimulated. Typically, corresponding frequencies are in the kHz range.
  • a transformer can be used to achieve the required voltage. The transformer is typically operated using a half or full bridge on a primary side with a frequency of at least 150 kHz.
  • a voltage can be applied on a secondary side that can be used, for example, to coagulate or cut tissue. The tissue to be treated must not be heated too much or for too long, as this could lead to carbonization or the formation of scabs, which could trigger further uncontrollable bleeding. However, precise or reliable regulation of the voltage is difficult.
  • the frequency as described above is generated using a half or full bridge. Due to the high power, the components used can only be operated digitally, so that they can only be switched on or off. A transformer can ideally be operated with a sine wave. "Hard" switching of the transistors used can cause many harmonics, i.e. interference that can be critical in an EMC test and can also make precise measurements of current-voltage phase shifts considerably more difficult and inaccurate.
  • a high-frequency surgical generator is known from WO 2010/025807 A1.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention should be able to generate a clean signal that has only low power losses in the electronics, that generates no or few harmonics and that can be controlled quickly, safely, precisely and reliably.
  • an electrosurgical device for generating high frequencies with a frequency of at least 150 kHz for coagulation and/or cutting of tissue, comprising
  • the high-frequency signal generator having a plurality of output stages
  • each output stage comprises an electronic switch, wherein each of the electronic switches is designed to be switched depending on at least one target parameter, wherein the high-frequency signal generator is designed to generate a step-shaped voltage curve from pulse-width-modulated square-wave voltages from the totality of the voltage curves generated by the electronic switches by means of pulse duration modulation, wherein the step-shaped voltage curve follows a sinusoidal reference signal, and
  • control unit which is designed to regulate an output voltage for controlling the output stages as a function of the pulse-width modulated square wave voltages.
  • a high frequency can be generated. This makes it possible to generate a sine wave with a frequency of at least 150 kHz, preferably at least 200 kHz, preferably at least 300 kHz.
  • the electronic switch is selected from the group comprising an electrical switch, an electrical circuit, a transistor or a MOS-FET.
  • the electrosurgical device can generate a clean signal that has only minimal power losses in the electronics, generates few or no harmonics and can be controlled quickly, safely and reliably.
  • a primary circuit can be understood as a device side of the device.
  • a secondary circuit can be understood as the side facing away from the primary circuit to which an instrument can be connected.
  • An instrument e.g. coagulation forceps, can be arranged or connected in the secondary circuit.
  • Galvanic separation also known as galvanic decoupling or potential separation
  • galvanic separation can be understood as the avoidance of electrical conduction between two circuits between which power or signals are to be exchanged. With galvanic separation, the electrical potentials are separated from one another and the circuits are then potential-free from one another. This separation must not be eliminated at another point, for example via earthing.
  • the electrical conduction is preferably separated by electrically non-conductive coupling elements.
  • a target parameter can be understood as an “and” connection. Preferably, two conditions must be met to enable switching.
  • Switching can be understood as switching through or energizing.
  • the control unit can be a central control circuit, a control device or a control unit.
  • the control unit can also be a control unit, a control circuit or a control device. “At least” can be understood to mean “at least”.
  • Each output stage can comprise an IC circuit, preferably an IC control circuit.
  • An IC circuit can be understood as an integrated circuit or an integrated circuit.
  • An IC can be connected upstream of each electronic switch.
  • the control unit is preferably set up to control the IC switch(es).
  • the output stages can be operated, activated or switched using the control unit.
  • the IC circuit(s) can be included in the control unit.
  • a sinusoidal reference signal also called an input signal
  • the control unit is set up to detect the step-shaped voltage curve.
  • the step-shaped voltage curve preferably corresponds to an approximately sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the step-shaped voltage curve follows an approximately sinusoidal voltage curve. The more individual voltage curves that result in the step-shaped curve are generated, the more consistently a sinusoidal voltage curve can be generated.
  • a sinusoidal voltage curve can be generated that preferably has no, small or only a few jumps in its curve.
  • An approximately sinusoidal voltage curve can be understood as a quasi, almost or nearly sinusoidal voltage curve, a voltage curve based on the sinusoidal shape or a fundamentally sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the target parameter is defined such that switching occurs when a voltage from one of the voltage curves generated by the electronic switch corresponds to the sinusoidal reference signal. This makes it possible to generate a large number of pulse width modulation output signals in a simple manner.
  • each output stage has a bridge circuit or H-circuit connected upstream of the electronic switch.
  • the bridge circuit can be designed as a half or full bridge.
  • the half bridge can have two variable resistors and the full bridge can have four variable resistors.
  • control unit for generating the step-shaped voltage curve from the sinusoidal reference signal comprises at least one processor.
  • a processor is a programmable computing unit or an electronic circuit that controls other machines or electrical circuits according to transmitted commands.
  • Processors can be designed as integrated circuits in the form of microprocessors and microcontrollers in embedded systems. CPLDs (complex programmable logic components), ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) or FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) can be used as integrated circuits.
  • the high-frequency signal generator is arranged
  • the high-frequency signal generator is designed to smooth the step-shaped voltage curve by means of a low-pass filter in order to generate a sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the control unit can be set up to control the low-pass filter.
  • a low-pass filter preferably consisting of a coil and a capacitor (LC element) is connected downstream of each electronic switch.
  • the high-frequency signal generator is designed to smooth the step-shaped signal curve by means of the low-pass filter with the LC element, whereby the quality of the sine wave is further increased.
  • the plurality of output stages is at least 3 to 20, preferably 3 to 10, particularly preferably 3, 4, 6, 8 or 10.
  • Tests have shown that sufficiently good sinusoidal curves were obtained with just 3 output stages. Tests have shown that the sinusoidal curves improved with 4, 6, 8 or 10 output stages. Tests have also shown that designs with more than 20 output stages did not show any noticeable improvement in the shape of the sinusoidal curves in terms of smoothness. Basically, an optimization is carried out, whereby unevenness, disturbing waves, preferably disturbing harmonics, or jumps in the sinusoidal curve can be reduced. This can also be referred to as a sinusoidal approximation or a quasi-sinusoidal.
  • the galvanic isolation is designed to smooth the signal curve output by the output stages.
  • the transformer is designed to smooth the signal curve output by the output stages.
  • the signal can be smoothed using the transformer in order to eliminate possible irregularities, jumps or outliers.
  • a bandpass filter can be used for smoothing, for example.
  • the output stages are designed to be switched in series. Switching can be understood as switching through or supplying current.
  • the output stages are connected in parallel and/or in series.
  • at least a first set of output stages with a plurality of first output stages and a second set of output stages with a plurality of second output stages are arranged parallel to one another in the primary circuit.
  • the first set of output stages comprises at least two first output stages and the second set of output stages comprises at least two second output stages.
  • tests have shown that with an increase in the number of output stages between 4 and 10, the quality of the sinusoidal waveforms could be improved. Tests have also shown that with more than 20 output stages, there was no noticeable improvement in the shape of the sinusoidal waveforms in terms of smoothness.
  • Power can be supplied as follows:
  • the object of the invention is further achieved by a system comprising an electrosurgical device as described above and an electrosurgical instrument, wherein the electrosurgical instrument is designed for cutting and/or coagulating tissue.
  • the electrosurgical instrument is a coagulation forceps.
  • the coagulation forceps can be connected to the secondary circuit.
  • the system makes it possible to achieve rapid and reliable tissue sealing during minimally invasive endoscopy.
  • a high frequency can be generated in the secondary circuit. This makes it possible to generate a sine wave with a frequency of at least 150 kHz, preferably at least 200 kHz, preferably at least 300 kHz.
  • the object of the invention is further achieved by a method for controlling an electrosurgical device for high frequency generation with a frequency of at least 150 kHz, wherein a primary circuit of the device has a high frequency signal generator with a plurality of output stages, wherein each output stage comprises an electronic switch, and wherein the primary circuit is galvanically isolated from a secondary circuit by means of a transformer, comprising the following steps:
  • the electronic switch is selected from the group comprising an electrical switch, an electrical circuit, a transistor or a MOS-FET.
  • the method comprises the following step
  • step-shaped voltage curve by means of the control unit, whereby the step-shaped voltage curve corresponds to an approximately sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the method comprises the following step
  • the method comprises the following steps
  • the method comprises the following step
  • sawtooth-shaped signal waveforms depending on the number of output stages, with preferably at least 3 to 20 sawtooth-shaped signal waveforms, preferably 3 to 10 sawtooth-shaped signal waveforms, and particularly preferably 3, 4, 6, 8 or 10 sawtooth-shaped signal waveforms.
  • the method comprises the following step
  • each electronic switch is followed by a low-pass filter, preferably consisting of a coil and a capacitor (LC element).
  • a low-pass filter preferably consisting of a coil and a capacitor (LC element).
  • the method comprises the following step
  • the method comprises the following steps
  • Energizing can be understood as switching.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an electrosurgical device
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a primary circuit from Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 a pulse width modulation diagram
  • Fig. 4 is another pulse width modulation diagram based on Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of an alternative primary circuit from Fig. 1 ,
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of another alternative primary circuit from Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of yet another alternative primary circuit from Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram based on the arrangement of the output stages according to Fig. 7, and
  • Fig. 9 is a voltage diagram based on Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electrosurgical device 1.
  • the electrosurgical device 1 is used to generate high frequencies for coagulation and/or cutting tissue.
  • the frequency that can be achieved with the electrosurgical device 1 is at least 150 Hz, preferably at least 200 kHz or preferably at least 300 kHz.
  • the electrosurgical device 1 comprises a primary circuit 2 with a high-frequency signal generator 3, a secondary circuit 15 and a transformer 12.
  • the primary circuit 2 is galvanically isolated from the secondary circuit 15 by means of the transformer 12.
  • the secondary circuit 15 has a first ohmic resistor 20 and a second capacitive resistor 21.
  • the resistors 20, 21 can be understood as tissue resistance.
  • An instrument for example a coagulation forceps, can be arranged or connected in the secondary circuit 15 (not shown).
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the primary circuit 2 in detail from Fig. 1.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 which is arranged in the primary circuit 2, comprises three output stages 5.
  • Each of the three output stages 5 comprises an electronic switch 7, which is preferably designed as a MOS-FET, and an integrated circuit 6.
  • the integrated circuits 6 are connected upstream of the electronic switches 7.
  • the electronic switches 7 are controlled or activated by the integrated circuits 6.
  • the electronic switches 7 are designed to be switched depending on at least one target parameter.
  • a low-pass filter consisting of a coil and a capacitor (LC element 8) is connected downstream of each electronic switch 7.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 comprises a control unit 4.
  • the control unit 4 can be understood as a central control circuit.
  • the control unit 4 is preferably designed to control or activate the integrated circuits 6.
  • Fig. 3 shows a pulse width modulation diagram.
  • a voltage curve a generated by an electronic switch 7 is designed as a sawtooth profile or it is sawtooth-shaped.
  • the sawtooth profile can be understood as a counter that counts from 0 to a predetermined value, where it is then reset to 0.
  • the increase in the voltage curve is linear, the decrease in the voltage curve is abrupt. After running through a cycle from increase to decrease, the cycle can then begin again.
  • a sinusoidal reference signal S (also input signal) can be determined or calculated in a processor of the control unit 4 and/or by means of a corresponding program. Alternatively, it is also possible to determine the sinusoidal reference signal S analogously. A logical "and" connection is then added. The sinusoidal reference signal S is linked to the sawtooth profile in order to generate a logical 1 from a certain counter reading. This generates a pulse duration modulation output signal in the form of a pulse width modulated square wave voltage A. However, a single pulse width modulated square wave voltage is not sufficient to generate a sinusoidal voltage curve or an approximately sinusoidal curve sufficiently well.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 is set up to generate a step-shaped voltage curve D from the pulse-width modulated square-wave voltages A, B, C from the totality of the voltage curves a, b, c generated by the three electronic switches 7 by means of pulse duration modulation.
  • the three electronic switches 7 are switched through one after the other, i.e. one after the other.
  • the step-shaped voltage curve D follows the sinusoidal reference signal S.
  • the control unit 4 comprises at least one processor.
  • the high frequency signal generator 3 is set up, - to generate the three sawtooth voltage curves a, b, c according to the three electronic switches 7,
  • step-shaped voltage curve D from the pulse width modulated square wave voltages A, B, C based on the pulse duration modulation output signals.
  • the control unit 4 is designed to regulate an output voltage for controlling the three output stages 5 depending on the pulse-width modulated square wave voltages A, B, C. Furthermore, the control unit 4 is designed to detect the step-shaped voltage curve D, which corresponds to or follows an approximately sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the above-mentioned target parameter is defined in such a way that switching occurs when a voltage generated by one of the voltage curves a, b, c generated by the electronic switches 7 corresponds to the sinusoidal reference signal S.
  • Each of the output stages 5 can have a half or full bridge connected upstream of the electronic switch 7.
  • the transformer 12 can be set up to be operated by means of the half or full bridge in the primary circuit 2.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 is designed to smooth the step-shaped voltage curve D using a low-pass filter (LC element 8) in order to generate a sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the quality of the sinusoidal curve can be increased or improved using the low-pass filter.
  • the galvanic isolation is designed to further smooth the signal curve output by the output stages 5.
  • the transformer is designed to further smooth the signal curve output by the output stages 5. This makes it possible to further smooth the voltage curve.
  • the quality of the sinusoidal curve can be further increased or improved by means of the galvanic isolation or the transformer.
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative schematic representation of the primary circuit 2 in detail from Fig. 1.
  • a total of four output stages 5, 10 are provided.
  • a first set of output stages with two first output stages 5 and a second set of output stages with two second output stages 10 are arranged parallel to one another in the primary circuit 2.
  • the four electronic switches 7, which are preferably designed as MOS-FETs, are switched through one after the other.
  • Fig. 6 shows another alternative schematic representation of the primary circuit 2 in detail from Fig. 1.
  • a total of six output stages 5, 10 are provided instead of the three output stages 5.
  • a first set of output stages with three first output stages 5 and a second set of output stages with three second output stages 10 are arranged parallel to one another in the primary circuit 2.
  • the six electronic switches 7, which are preferably designed as MOS-FETs, are switched through one after the other.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further alternative schematic representation of the primary circuit 2 in detail from Fig. 1.
  • a total of ten output stages 5, 10 are provided instead of the three output stages 5.
  • a first set of output stages with five first output stages 5 and a second set of output stages with five second output stages 10 are arranged parallel to one another in the primary circuit 2.
  • Fig. 8 is a switching diagram over time based on the arrangement of the output stages 5, 10 according to Fig. 7.
  • the first set of output stages with the five first output stages 5 is divided in the diagram into the five first output stages A1 to A5.
  • the second set of output stages with the five second output stages 10 is divided in the diagram into the five second output stages B1 to B5.
  • Switching or energization takes place in sequence according to the number sequence 1 to 10, as follows: A1, B1, A2, B2, A3, B3, A4, B4, A5 and B5. Once this cycle has been completed, it starts again from the beginning.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 from Fig. 7 is set up in accordance with the high-frequency signal generator 3 shown in Fig. 2 to generate a step-shaped voltage curve (not shown) from the pulse-width modulated square-wave voltages A1, B1 to A5, B5 by means of pulse duration modulation from the totality of the voltage curves generated by the ten electronic switches 7 (not shown).
  • the step-shaped voltage curve follows a sinusoidal reference signal S (not shown).
  • the control unit 4 is designed to detect the step-shaped voltage curve D, which corresponds to or follows an approximately sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the control unit 4 comprises at least one processor, wherein the control unit 4, as described above, is set up to regulate an output voltage for controlling the output stages 5 as a function of the pulse-width modulated square-wave voltages A1, B1, to A5, B5.
  • the high-frequency signal generator 3 is designed to smooth the step-shaped voltage curve by means of a low-pass filter in order to generate a sinusoidal voltage curve.
  • the voltage diagram over time shown in Fig. 9 is based on the switching diagram over time according to Fig. 8.
  • the one sinusoidal curve SS (secondary voltage: 200V /div) is much smoother than the other sinusoidal curve PS (primary voltage: 5V /div), i.e. more constant with few or preferably small jumps in the course.
  • the invention can be used to generate a clean sinusoidal signal that has only minimal power losses in the electronics, generates no or only a few harmonics and can be controlled quickly, safely, precisely and reliably.
  • the invention relates to an electrosurgical device 1 for high frequency generation, comprising a high frequency signal generator 3 which has a plurality of output stages 5, each output stage 5 comprising an electronic switch 7, each of the electronic switches 7 being designed to be switched depending on at least one target parameter, the high frequency signal generator 3 being designed to generate a step-shaped voltage curve from pulse width modulated square wave voltages from the totality of the voltage curves generated by the electronic switches 7 by means of pulse duration modulation, which follows a sinusoidal reference signal, and a control unit 4 which is designed to regulate an output voltage for controlling the output stages 5 depending on the pulse width modulated square wave voltages.
  • the drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. It is understood that the features mentioned above can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif électrochirurgical (1) destiné à générer de hautes fréquences qui comprend un générateur de signaux haute fréquence (3), lequel présente une pluralité d'étages finaux de sortie (5), chaque étage final de sortie (5) comprenant un commutateur électronique (7), chacun des commutateurs électroniques (7) étant conçu de manière à être commuté en fonction d'au moins un paramètre de consigne, le générateur de signaux haute fréquence (3) étant conçu de manière à générer, par modulation de durée d'impulsion, à partir de l'ensemble des courbes de tension générées par les commutateurs électroniques (7), une courbe de tension en gradins, à partir de tensions carrées modulées en largeur d'impulsion, laquelle suit un signal de référence sinusoïdal, et une unité de commande (4) qui est conçue de manière à réguler une tension de sortie, destinée à activer les étages finaux de sortie (5), en fonction des tensions carrées modulées en largeur d'impulsion.
PCT/EP2023/079093 2022-10-21 2023-10-19 Dispositif électrochirurgical, système et procédé de commande d'un dispositif électrochirurgical WO2024083961A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102022127935.9 2022-10-21
DE102022127935.9A DE102022127935A1 (de) 2022-10-21 2022-10-21 Elektrochirurgische Vorrichtung, System und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer elektrochirurgischen Vorrichtung

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010025807A1 (fr) 2008-09-08 2010-03-11 Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh Générateur chirurgical hf
US20150105766A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2015-04-16 Covidien Lp Radiofrequency amplifier impedance optimization
US20180248493A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medium voltage transformerless multilevel converter and method for controlling a medium voltage transformerless multilevel converter
US20180256242A1 (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Minnetronix, Inc. Control and inverter design topologies for electronic medical devices
US20200153360A1 (en) * 2018-11-14 2020-05-14 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Additive synthesis of interleaved switch mode power stages for minimal delay in set point tracking
EP4140426A1 (fr) * 2021-08-26 2023-03-01 Olympus Winter & Ibe GmbH Générateur d'électrochirurgie pourvu d'inverseur à niveaux multiples pour haute tension hf

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010025807A1 (fr) 2008-09-08 2010-03-11 Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh Générateur chirurgical hf
US20110170321A1 (en) * 2008-09-08 2011-07-14 Heiko Schall Hf surgical generator
US20150105766A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2015-04-16 Covidien Lp Radiofrequency amplifier impedance optimization
US20180248493A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medium voltage transformerless multilevel converter and method for controlling a medium voltage transformerless multilevel converter
US20180256242A1 (en) * 2017-03-10 2018-09-13 Minnetronix, Inc. Control and inverter design topologies for electronic medical devices
US20200153360A1 (en) * 2018-11-14 2020-05-14 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Additive synthesis of interleaved switch mode power stages for minimal delay in set point tracking
EP4140426A1 (fr) * 2021-08-26 2023-03-01 Olympus Winter & Ibe GmbH Générateur d'électrochirurgie pourvu d'inverseur à niveaux multiples pour haute tension hf

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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LEE JUNE-SEOK ET AL: "An improved phase-shifted PWM method for a three-phase cascaded H-bridge multi-level inverter", 2017 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE), IEEE, 1 October 2017 (2017-10-01), pages 2100 - 2105, XP033247068, DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2017.8096417 *

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