WO2024080891A1 - Installation électrique éolienne à pression-vide "kvadrator-tandem" - Google Patents

Installation électrique éolienne à pression-vide "kvadrator-tandem" Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024080891A1
WO2024080891A1 PCT/RU2022/000357 RU2022000357W WO2024080891A1 WO 2024080891 A1 WO2024080891 A1 WO 2024080891A1 RU 2022000357 W RU2022000357 W RU 2022000357W WO 2024080891 A1 WO2024080891 A1 WO 2024080891A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
wind
wind power
air
electric turbine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2022/000357
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Екатерина Владимировна ПЛУГИНА
Original Assignee
Екатерина Владимировна ПЛУГИНА
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU2022126606A external-priority patent/RU2805400C1/ru
Application filed by Екатерина Владимировна ПЛУГИНА filed Critical Екатерина Владимировна ПЛУГИНА
Publication of WO2024080891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024080891A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F03D9/35—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures within towers, e.g. using chimney effects

Definitions

  • the proposed invention relates to renewable electric power, in particular, to power generating devices that direct and convert wind energy, and can be used both as autonomous power sources for domestic and industrial needs, and as part of high-power wind power plants.
  • Vortex effect manifests itself in a swirling flow of a viscous compressible liquid or gas and is realized in a device called a vortex tube.
  • the axial layers of the swirling flow are cooled, and the peripheral layers are heated.
  • the incoming air flow even with a small wind force, is transformed with the help of profiled input channels formed by spiral-shaped guide partitions, twisted and accelerated.
  • the kinetic energy of the air flow is first converted into vortex energy, which, in turn, is converted by a turbine into electrical energy.
  • patent RU 2093702 describes a vortex wind turbine that converts the energy of the air flow. It contains a housing, an exhaust device, guide vanes, each of which is made in the form of at least two hollow elements coaxially installed in the housing in the form of truncated hyperboloids of rotation with separating vertical partitions curved along the spiral axis, and a wind wheel made in the shape of a body rotation with rigid profiled blades and installed above the exhaust cylindrical channels formed by the internal ends of the vertical profiled partitions of each guide vane.
  • the radii of the exhaust cylindrical channels of each pair of adjacent guide vanes are selected in in accordance with the established dependence, the use of which reduces the energy losses of the air flow inside the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine may contain an automatic control system, with the help of which the sizes of the flow sections of the channels of the guide vanes are regulated, and, accordingly, the number of revolutions of the electric generator rotor.
  • the disadvantages of this and similar devices include: low efficiency of the installation due to the small cross-section for capturing incoming air masses, significant internal energy losses due to friction and heating of the air during the formation of a vortex.
  • such products are quite complex to manufacture and possibly scale up for use in high-power wind power plants, since they have large-sized parts of complex shape.
  • Devices are also known that are used as auxiliary systems as additional power plants for domestic and industrial purposes (US 10443570, US 9294013, US 9169827). They usually contain a wind turbine enclosed in a casing, with a bell-shaped inlet wind catcher and an outlet. The air entering the housing through the wind deflector is divided into several chambers, and rotating plates direct it directly to the turbine blades, eliminating air turbulence. The turbine blades are located at favorable angles of attack. Attached to the vertical shaft is a horizontal rotor, which is used to generate electrical energy. The shape of the housing and the location of the outlet help to create an area of discharged pressure at the outlet, which helps reduce air friction in the system.
  • Patent RU 2276743 proposes a wind turbine that contains a fixed supporting body, which is the main guide vane, made in the form of a spatial blade array with a central output channel.
  • An impeller is placed in the housing coaxially with the central axis on a vertical shaft.
  • the housing itself is installed with the possibility of free rotation about the vertical axis, and stabilizers allow it to be oriented along the air flow.
  • the spatial blade array is formed from two surfaces of rotation and spatial blades built in the form of a circular array between them, which form working channels.
  • the air intake completely covers the working channels of the rear zone of the guide vane and is connected together with the output nozzle with the possibility of free rotation relative to the central axis.
  • the air flow that supplies energy to the turbine is controlled by creating a high-pressure zone at the air intake and a low-pressure zone at the outlet channel due to the air flow flowing around the housing surface.
  • This device can be selected as the closest analogue.
  • the disadvantage of such a wind turbine is: limited energy efficiency, which is associated with both internal losses in air channels of complex shape and a slight decrease in pressure in the outlet channel, which can lead to the creation of “air jams,” especially in gusty winds.
  • the implementation of devices that provide increased pressure and an exhaust device in one housing does not allow each of them to be optimally oriented in the air flow, which also limits the efficiency of “selection” of wind energy.
  • such a hull creates greater windage and loads on the structure, especially when scaling the device, that is, increasing its overall dimensions for use in high-power wind power plants.
  • the proposed wind power plant includes: an electric turbine; an air intake that provides excess pressure before entering the electric turbine, which is made in the form of a wind catcher tower with the possibility of free rotation relative to the vertical axis located on its front part; the exhaust device providing reduced pressure at the outlet of the electric turbine is made in the form of a reduced pressure tower with the possibility of free rotation about a vertical axis located on its rear part, while the wind catcher tower and the reduced pressure tower are connected by an air duct.
  • tandem wind power plant has the widest range of applications and can be used: as independent power generating stations to provide electricity to populated areas; energy supply of individual industrial enterprises; for energy supply of residential buildings; highway lighting and power supply to roadside infrastructure; power supply for cell towers; as mini-electricity-generating installations for installation on the roofs of multi-storey buildings for lighting entrances, courtyard areas, heating pedestrian sidewalks; heating of road surfaces in northern regions, etc.
  • TVEU can be installed in coastal areas of the seas, on hills, mountain heights, in river valleys, gorges, etc., mainly where there are constant air flows.
  • the advantage of the proposed device is the tandem (joint) use of a wind catcher tower and a reduced pressure tower, connected by an air duct and creating an optimal pressure drop across the turbine providing electricity generation.
  • the turbine itself is usually located in the thickening of the air duct housing (in the turbine block), near the wind catcher tower.
  • the dimensions of the air ducts satisfy the following ratios:
  • the maximum cross-sectional area of the wind catcher tower must not exceed the cross-sectional area of the air duct leading to the electric turbine;
  • the maximum cross-sectional area of the reduced pressure tower must be no less than the cross-section of the air duct extending from the electric turbine;
  • the cross-sectional area of the annular channel of the turbine unit, in which the electric turbine blades are located must be equal to the cross-sectional area of the air duct suitable for the electric turbine.
  • the distance between two towers of the TVE satisfy the following relationship:
  • C 2*(A+B), where C is the distance between the axes of rotation of the wind catcher tower and the reduced pressure tower, A is the maximum transverse dimensions of the wind catcher tower, B
  • the internal space of the air intake and exhaust device is divided by guide partitions (plates) into sections, the height of each of which relates to the width in the range from 1: 2.3 to 1: 3.3.
  • the length of the partitions inside the air intake decreases from top to bottom along the height of the tower, and their curvature increases.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of reverse flow of air outward in case of uneven speeds of the incoming air flow along the height of the tower, and reduce air friction inside the tower by eliminating turbulence.
  • the length of the partitions inside the reduced pressure tower increases from top to bottom to achieve similar goals.
  • Fig. 1 shows a general view of the proposed tandem wind power plant
  • Fig. 2 shows the diagram and principle of operation of the proposed device
  • Fig. Figure 3 (a) shows a top view of the wind catcher tower in the oncoming air flow
  • Fig. 3 (b) shows a top view of the reduced pressure tower in the oncoming air flow
  • Fig. 4 (a, b) shows a separate section of a pressure wind catcher with emergency flaps in different projections.
  • FIG. Figure 1 shows a general view of the proposed wind power plant.
  • Wind catcher tower 1 provides excess pressure before entering the system. It is made with the possibility of free rotation relative to the vertical axis 2 located on its front part. This position of axis 2 allows tower 1 to automatically orient itself optimally in the oncoming flow.
  • the wind catcher tower 1 In the horizontal section, the wind catcher tower 1 has a streamlined shape in order to minimize the “wind shadow” area and remove unnecessary loads on the structure from the incoming air flow.
  • the low-pressure tower 3 is made with the possibility of free rotation relative to the vertical axis 4 located on its rear part. Its orientation in the air flow also occurs automatically.
  • the reduced pressure tower 3 itself has a streamlined profile, formed in such a way as to minimize the load on the structure from the incoming air flow and create optimal vacuum at the system outlet.
  • Turbine unit 5 is located near the high-pressure tower. Both towers 1 and 3 are connected by an air duct 6.
  • FIG. Figure 2 shows the diagram and operating principle of the proposed device.
  • Part of the incoming air flow 7 is captured by the air intake 8 (the open part of the wind catcher tower 1) and is directed to the inlet of the turbine 9.
  • the internal space of the air intake is divided by guide partitions 10 into sections 11, the dimensions of which usually satisfy the following ratios: the height of each of them relates to the width ranging from 1: 2.3 to 1: 3.3.
  • Such section sizes allow optimal control of air flows in the air intake, avoiding the reverse outflow of air and vortex phenomena that create “air jams”.
  • the dimensions of the partitions 10 inside the air intake decrease from top to bottom along the height of the tower, and their curvature increases. This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the likelihood of reverse air flow outward in the event of uneven velocities of the oncoming air flow along the height of the tower, and to reduce air friction inside the tower by eliminating turbulence.
  • the wind catcher tower 1 usually contains a balancing device 12, which ensures its stabilization and stability in the oncoming air flow (Fig. 3(a)).
  • the low-pressure tower 3 has a design similar to the high-pressure tower. Only in the oncoming air flow is it oriented with its streamlined side towards the flow Fig. 3(b). This orientation occurs automatically due to the rotation of the tower 3 relative to the vertical axis 4.
  • the space inside the reduced pressure tower 3 (Fig. 2) is also divided into sections 14 by means of partitions 15. The size of the partitions 15 increases, their curvature decreases in the direction from top to bottom along the height of the tower.
  • the low-pressure tower 3 may contain a balancing device 16, ensuring its vertical stabilization and stability in the passing air flow.
  • the inventive device can use a turbine of any design that has suitable mass-dimensional characteristics and parameters that meet the design task (for example, single or multi-stage gas turbines with guide devices for each stage that provide maximum torque of the shaft and, accordingly, the generator).
  • a turbine of any design that has suitable mass-dimensional characteristics and parameters that meet the design task (for example, single or multi-stage gas turbines with guide devices for each stage that provide maximum torque of the shaft and, accordingly, the generator).
  • an input cone 17 is usually installed in the turbine block 5 in front of the turbine, and an output cone 18 is installed behind it.
  • Their dimensions and shape are selected in such a way as to reduce air resistance, caused by turbulence.
  • the cross-sectional area of the annular channel formed by the mentioned cones 17, 18 and the inner surface of the turbine block is equal to the cross-sectional area of the air duct approaching the electric turbine 9.
  • the claimed invention also provides for an additional design of sections 10 of the air intake of the high-pressure tower 1 to relieve excess pressure, which is especially important for high wind speeds of 20 m/s or more (Fig. 4 (a) and (b)).
  • slots (windows) 19 are made in the body of the high-pressure tower, closed by rotary doors 20 with calibrated torsion hinges. When the pressure inside the tower increases above a critical value, the doors open slightly and release excess air. All sections of the air intake or a periodically repeating part along the entire height of tower 1 can be equipped with such flaps.
  • the minimum air flow speed at the entrance to the pressure and vacuum wind catchers, ensuring turbine rotation, is 2.5 m/s.
  • the speed in the turbine annular channel will be at least 5 m/s;
  • each section depending on the speed of the wind flow at its inlet, passes the optimal amount of air, ensuring maximum pressure difference at the turbine inlet and outlet.
  • the inventive installation can operate at wind speeds of up to 70 m/sec, and the wind load on its structure will not be critical. If necessary, the installation can be equipped with a device for synchronizing the angles of rotation of the towers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à la production d'électricité renouvelable, notamment à des dispositifs de génération d'électricité qui orientent et convertissent l'énergie du vent, et peut être utilisée comme sources autonomes d'alimentation électrique pour des besoins domestiques et industriels, ainsi que dans la composition d'une centrale électrique éolienne de grande puissance. Le résultat technique résultant de l'utilisation de ce dispositif consiste en une augmentation du coefficient d'efficacité, un élargissement de la plage fonctionnelle des vitesses de déplacement des masses d'air utilisées lors de la génération d'électricité, une augmentation de la stabilité de génération électrique en cas de vent violent, une simplification de la structure et un élargissement de la plage des dispositifs de génération électrique. Ce résultat technique est obtenu grâce à une installation électrique éolienne comprenant: une turbine électrique; un collecteur d'air assurant une pression excédentaire avant l'entrée dans la turbine électrique, qui se présente sous forme d'une tour de piège à vent capable de tourner librement par rapport à un axe vertical situé sur sa partie avant; un dispositif d'extraction assurant une baisse de la pression à la sortie de la turbine électrique et se présentant sous forme d'une tour à basse pression capable de tourner librement par rapport à um axe vertical disposé sur sa partie arrière; la tour de piège à vent et la tour à basse pression sont connectées par un conduit d'air.
PCT/RU2022/000357 2022-10-12 2022-12-06 Installation électrique éolienne à pression-vide "kvadrator-tandem" WO2024080891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2022126606A RU2805400C1 (ru) 2022-10-12 Напорно-вакуумная ветроэнергетическая установка
RU2022126606 2022-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024080891A1 true WO2024080891A1 (fr) 2024-04-18

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010135409A2 (fr) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Energy Tunnel, Inc. Systèmes et procédés permettant de convertir l'énergie
CA2703550A1 (fr) * 2009-12-16 2011-06-16 MDS Aero Support Corporation Desaccordeur de turbine concu pour recuperer l'energie cinetique des gaz d'echappement d'une turbine a gaz
CN102808737A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2012-12-05 无锡中阳新能源科技有限公司 一种上拽式狭管聚风发电系统
RU2611923C1 (ru) * 2015-10-05 2017-03-01 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пензенский государственный технологический университет" Энергоэффективная солнечно-ветровая энергетическая установка

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010135409A2 (fr) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Energy Tunnel, Inc. Systèmes et procédés permettant de convertir l'énergie
CA2703550A1 (fr) * 2009-12-16 2011-06-16 MDS Aero Support Corporation Desaccordeur de turbine concu pour recuperer l'energie cinetique des gaz d'echappement d'une turbine a gaz
CN102808737A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2012-12-05 无锡中阳新能源科技有限公司 一种上拽式狭管聚风发电系统
RU2611923C1 (ru) * 2015-10-05 2017-03-01 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пензенский государственный технологический университет" Энергоэффективная солнечно-ветровая энергетическая установка

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