WO2024079145A1 - Procédé d'assemblage pour assembler une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante - Google Patents
Procédé d'assemblage pour assembler une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024079145A1 WO2024079145A1 PCT/EP2023/078097 EP2023078097W WO2024079145A1 WO 2024079145 A1 WO2024079145 A1 WO 2024079145A1 EP 2023078097 W EP2023078097 W EP 2023078097W WO 2024079145 A1 WO2024079145 A1 WO 2024079145A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- strake
- recess
- assembly method
- hole
- insulating barrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
- B63B73/43—Welding, e.g. laser welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
- B63B73/49—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods by means of threaded members, e.g. screws, threaded bolts or nuts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0329—Foam
- F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
- F17C2203/0651—Invar
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/221—Welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of waterproof and thermally insulating membrane tanks.
- the invention relates to an assembly process for assembling a wall of such a tank.
- the tanks of ships for the transport of liquefied natural gas generally comprise a double wall comprising successively, from the inside to the outside of the tank, a primary waterproof membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary waterproof membrane and a thermally insulating barrier.
- the secondary insulating barrier comprises a secondary insulating block comprising a cover plate forming a support surface for the secondary waterproof membrane.
- the primary insulating barrier comprises primary insulating blocks. The primary insulating blocks are anchored to the secondary insulating barrier.
- Document FR 2 887 010 A1 describes a waterproof and thermally insulating tank wall in which an anchoring system makes it possible to anchor primary insulating blocks to secondary insulating blocks.
- the anchoring system includes a plate having a bore for receiving a threaded lower portion of a stud for anchoring the primary insulating blocks.
- Document FR 3 090 810 A1 describes another waterproof and insulating tank wall in which an anchoring system makes it possible to anchor a primary insulating block to the secondary insulating block.
- the anchoring system includes a base attached to the cover plate.
- a movable part is retained in the base in a wall thickness direction and movably mounted in the base.
- the movable part includes a threaded hole opening onto an upper surface of the movable part.
- the upper surface of the movable part is flush with an upper surface of the cover plate and the movable part is mounted in the free base in translation at least parallel to the longitudinal direction of the welding wing.
- the tapped hole in the moving part is intended to receive a lower threaded part of a stud for anchoring the primary block.
- the moving part is mounted free in translation makes it possible to reduce the mechanical stresses on the waterproof membrane, for example when the tank is cooled which causes the thermally insulating barrier to retract and/or during deformation of the thermally insulating barrier in service. But it can also result in some difficulty in assembling the tank wall. Indeed, when assembling the tank wall, an operator must pass the secondary membrane through the stud so that the lower threaded part of it can be received in the tapped hole of the moving part. However, at this moment in the assembly of the tank, the moving part is not visible to the operator since the secondary membrane is already placed above. Consequently, the operator cannot visually ensure correct positioning of the moving part.
- An aim of the invention is to allow assembly of the tank wall which is easier for the operator at the time mentioned above.
- An idea underlying the invention is to use a temporary positioning element during assembly of the tank wall to satisfactorily position the stud relative to the primary anchoring system base in which it must be screwed.
- the invention provides an assembly method for assembling a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall for the storage of a fluid, the tank wall successively comprising, in a thickness direction, an insulating barrier secondary retained to a load-bearing wall, a secondary waterproof membrane resting against the secondary insulating barrier, and a primary insulating barrier resting against the secondary waterproof membrane, the secondary waterproof membrane comprising metal strakes welded two by two, and the primary insulating barrier comprising juxtaposed primary insulating elements; the assembly process comprising the steps of: a) assemble the secondary insulating barrier on the supporting wall, the secondary insulating barrier forming a support surface for the secondary waterproof membrane, and the secondary insulating barrier having a recess opening onto the support surface; b) arrange an anchoring system base in the recess, said anchoring system base comprising a positioning hole having a first thread: c) providing a temporary positioning element, the temporary positioning element comprising a rod and a head at one end of the rod, the rod
- the temporary positioning element makes it possible to make a through hole in the strake precisely at the location where the stud must then pass through the strake to be screwed into the base of the anchoring system. These operations are therefore easy to carry out for the operator, although the strake hides the base of the anchoring system.
- such a method may include one or more of the following characteristics.
- said strake comprises, at two opposite ends thereof, two edges raised towards the inside of the tank.
- the assembly process involves welding the raised edges with welding wings mechanically retained on the secondary insulating barrier.
- step d) the raised edges are each in contact with a weld flange.
- the head has at least one projecting edge to create local deformation of the strake.
- the head has two projecting edges to create the local deformation of the strake, the two projecting edges being arranged on either side of the rod and aligned in an alignment direction.
- the temporary positioning element is screwed into said positioning hole so that said at least one projecting edge is parallel to the raised edges.
- step e) involves punching the strake by pushing a punch into the recess.
- the rod has a bore opening into the recess of the head.
- step e) comprises: - punch the strake by pressing a punch into the recess and the bore up to a stop position of the punch in which a fillet or a shoulder that the punch includes abuts against the internal shoulder.
- the stop of the punch against the internal shoulder of the temporary positioning element prevents damage to the secondary insulating barrier by pushing the punch too deeply. Additionally, the operator can be assured that the punch has correctly punched the strake.
- the punch is slidably mounted in a cookie cutter, a first end of the cookie cutter comprising a second recess capable of receiving the head of the temporary positioning element, and step e) comprises furthermore : - with the punch in the stop position, slide the punch relative to the punch in the direction of the strake so that the first end of the punch makes the through hole by shearing the strake.
- the through hole can be made simply in two successive steps, using a punching and cutting tool including the punch and the cookie cutter.
- the punching and cutting tool is simple and reusable.
- the first end of the cookie cutter can be beveled around the second recess in order to better shear the strake and thus make it easier to make the through hole.
- the insertion of the punch into the recess and the bore then the sliding of the cookie cutter relative to the punch in its stop position can be implemented by respectively imparting a first pulse and a second pulse to a second end of the cookie cutter opposite the first end, for example by means of a manual tool such as a hammer or by means of a pneumatic tool into which the second end is inserted.
- the second recess comprises a second shoulder
- the cookie cutter is slid relative to the punch in the direction of the strake until the head of the temporary positioning element abuts against the second shoulder.
- the stop on the head of the temporary positioning element prevents damage to the secondary insulating barrier or the strake by pushing the punch too deeply.
- the bore includes a second tapping.
- - step e) involves inserting a cutting tool into the recess and screwing the cutting tool into the bore of the rod then operating the cutting tool;
- - step f) involves unscrewing the temporary positioning element from the positioning hole using a tool.
- the first tapping and the second tapping have opposite thread directions.
- step f) involves applying a rotation to the tool in the bore of the rod.
- the first tapping is right-hand threaded
- the second tapping is left-hand threading
- the assembly method comprises, after step e) and before step f), a step e2) consisting of making a marking on the strake from above the strake, the marking being located at a predetermined distance from the through hole made in step e); And - in step f), the threaded stud is screwed into the positioning hole using the marking as a visual reference.
- the marking does not affect the mechanical resistance of the strake.
- the marking is carried out without incision or notching of the strake.
- the marking is a felt-tip pen mark, indelible or not.
- the marking is a point marking, such as a point or a cross.
- the marking is a circle or an arc.
- the marking comprises a straight line segment.
- step f) the threaded stud is partially screwed into the positioning hole, then the position of the threaded stud is adjusted relative to the marking, then the threaded stud is finished screwing into the positioning hole. positioning.
- the threaded stud includes a collar.
- the threaded stud in step f), is screwed into the positioning hole without the collar hiding the marking.
- the predetermined distance is such that the threaded stud can be screwed in step f) into the positioning hole without the collar obscuring the marking.
- the predetermined distance may be such that a distance between the center of the through hole and the marking is greater than or equal to the radius of an exterior contour of the flange.
- the collar rests against the strake when we have finished screwing the threaded stud into the positioning hole.
- a distance between the marking and the outer contour of the flange when you have finished screwing the threaded stud is between 0.1 mm inclusive and 4 mm inclusive.
- the assembly process involves sealingly welding the collar to the strake.
- said recess is formed in a secondary insulating element of the secondary insulating barrier.
- said recess is formed at a distance from the edges of said secondary insulating element.
- said secondary insulating element comprises a blind hole formed in a bottom of the recess and opening into said recess.
- the rod has a non-threaded distal portion opposite the head.
- step c) the temporary positioning element is screwed into said positioning hole by means of the threaded portion until the non-threaded distal portion is received in the blind hole.
- a free end of the non-threaded distal portion is chamfered.
- This chamfering tends to facilitate centering of the temporary positioning element and, where applicable, of the moving part of the anchoring system base.
- secondary insulating element designates a thermally insulating element which contributes to constituting the secondary insulating barrier.
- the secondary insulating element may in particular be a secondary insulating box, a secondary insulating block, a filling joint placed between secondary insulating boxes or blocks, or even a bridging element joining secondary insulating blocks.
- said secondary insulating element is a secondary insulating box.
- the secondary insulating box comprises a bottom plate, a cover plate, and side plates connecting the cover plate to the bottom plate and maintaining the cover plate at a distance from the bottom plate to define an interior space of the secondary insulating box, the interior space of the secondary insulating box being filled with a thermal insulation filling, for example perlite or polyurethane foam optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
- a thermal insulation filling for example perlite or polyurethane foam optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
- said secondary insulating element is a secondary insulating block.
- said secondary insulating block comprises a block of insulating foam and a cover plate arranged on the block of insulating foam, an upper surface of the cover plate forming a support surface for the secondary waterproof membrane.
- the cover plate is made of plywood.
- the insulating foam is a polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers, having a density of between 130 kg/m 3 and 200 kg/m 3 .
- the recess extends in at least part of the thickness of the cover plate.
- the recess opens onto the block of insulating foam.
- the recess also extends in part of the thickness of the insulating foam block.
- said secondary insulating block further comprises a bottom plate, the block of insulating foam being placed between the bottom plate and the cover plate.
- the bottom plate is made of plywood.
- the recess is formed between at least two secondary insulating elements, for example between four secondary insulating elements.
- a secondary anchoring member for anchoring one or more secondary insulating elements is received in the recess.
- the secondary anchoring member is mechanically linked to the supporting wall.
- said anchoring system base comprises: - a movable part comprising a body having an upper face flush with the upper surface of the cover plate, the positioning hole passing through said body; And - a retaining part fixed to the cover plate and cooperating with the moving part so as to stop the moving part in said recess in the thickness direction, said recess and the retaining part being configured to allow movement of the movable part perpendicular to the thickness direction.
- said recess and the retaining part are configured to allow movement of the movable part in a direction of movement parallel to a longitudinal direction of the strake.
- the marking is a point marking, such as a point or a cross, and an imaginary line passing through the center of the through hole and parallel to the direction of movement passes through the marking.
- the marking is a circle or an arc, and an imaginary line passing through the center of the through hole and parallel to the direction of movement intersects the marking.
- the marking comprises a straight line segment perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- the marking comprises two straight line segments perpendicular to the direction of movement and diametrically opposed to the center of the through hole. The marking can then serve as a visual reference used to position the stud and the moving part in a correct position allowing movement of the moving part in both directions following the direction of movement.
- the cover plate has two parallel grooves for retaining solder wings on the cover plate, and the direction of movement is parallel to the grooves.
- the primary insulating barrier is intended to support a primary waterproof membrane.
- a primary waterproof membrane rests on the primary insulating barrier.
- the fluid is a liquefied gas.
- the liquefied gas is LNG, namely a mixture with a high methane content stored at a temperature of approximately -162°C at atmospheric pressure.
- Other liquefied gases can also be considered, notably ethane, propane, butane or ethylene.
- Liquefied gases can also be stored under pressure, for example at a relative pressure of between 2 and 20 bar, and in particular at a relative pressure close to 2 bar.
- the tank can be made using different techniques, notably in the form of an integrated membrane tank or a self-supporting tank.
- Such a tank can be part of a land storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG ship, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
- Such a tank can also be used as a fuel tank in any type of ship.
- a vessel for transporting a fluid comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank placed in the double hull.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or terrestrial storage installation and a pump for driving a flow of liquefied fluid/gas through the insulated pipelines to or from the floating or land-based storage facility to or from the vessel tank.
- the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a liquefied fluid/gas is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the ship's tank.
- FIG. 1 There is a top view of a secondary insulating block that can be used to create the secondary insulating barrier of the tank wall of the .
- FIG. 1 There is a perspective view of a tool that can be used to make a through hole in the strake during the stage of the assembly process, the principle of which is illustrated on the .
- the tank 1 has a general polyhedral shape and includes several walls.
- the wall of the tank 1 successively comprises, in the direction of thickness, from the outside towards the inside of the tank 1, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 retained on a supporting structure 3, a secondary waterproof membrane 4 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, a primary thermally insulating barrier 5 resting against the secondary waterproof membrane 4 and a primary waterproof membrane 6 intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank 1.
- the supporting structure 3 of the tank 1 can in particular be formed by the hull or double hull of a ship.
- the supporting structure comprises a plurality of supporting walls 3 defining the general shape of the tank 1, usually a polyhedral shape.
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating blocks 7 which are retained on the supporting wall 3.
- the secondary insulating blocks 7 have a generally parallelepiped shape and are arranged in parallel rows. Three rows are indicated by the letters A, B and C.
- the secondary insulating blocks 7 are for example retained on the supporting wall 3 by means of secondary anchoring members 88.
- Mastic tubes (not shown) are interposed between the secondary insulating blocks 7 and the supporting wall 3 to compensate for the gaps of the supporting wall 3 relative to a flat reference surface.
- Kraft paper can be inserted between the mastic tubes and the supporting wall 3 if desired to prevent the mastic tubes from adhering to the supporting wall 3.
- the secondary anchoring members 88 can be in various numbers, ranging from example from 2 to 6 per secondary insulating block 7, and placed for example at the corners of four secondary insulating blocks 7 and/or in the gap between two secondary insulating blocks 7.
- the secondary anchoring members 88 can be produced in various ways as required.
- the aforementioned kraft paper is omitted and the secondary insulating blocks 7 are retained on the supporting wall 3 by the adhesion of the mastic tubes.
- the secondary insulating block 7 comprises an insulating foam block 11 and a cover plate 10 arranged on the insulating foam block 11.
- the foam of the insulating foam block 11 can be expanded polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
- the cover plate 10 can be made of plywood.
- a bottom plate 12 can be arranged under the insulating foam block 11, so that the insulating foam block 11 is sandwiched between the cover plate 10 and the bottom plate 12.
- the bottom plate 12 can be made made of plywood.
- the cover plate 10 has two grooves 20, each of the grooves 20 extending in the thickness of the cover plate 10.
- the two grooves 20 are parallel to each other and thus extend in a direction marked by the arrow 1000 on the drawings.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 4 comprises a continuous layer of metal strakes 21, with raised edges 32 towards the inside of the tank.
- the strakes 21 are welded two by two, by their raised edges 32, on the two faces of a weld flange 35 (cf. ).
- the welding wings 35 have a square-shaped section.
- the raised edges 32 of the strakes 21 are welded to one arm of the bracket, while the other arm is engaged in a groove 20 (cf. ).
- the distance between two grooves 20 corresponds to the width of a strake 21, while the distance between a free edge of a secondary insulating block 7 and an adjacent groove 20 corresponds to the width of a strake 21, so that a strake 21 makes the junction between two adjacent insulating blocks 7.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 4 is retained on the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2.
- the welding wings 35 and the grooves 20 form sliding joints allowing the strakes 21 to contract and deform relative to the secondary insulating blocks 7.
- the strakes 21 are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 . It is also possible to use iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7 to 9 10 -6 K -1 .
- the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of primary insulating blocks 22 superposed astride two rows of secondary insulating blocks 7.
- the primary insulating blocks 22 are anchored on the secondary insulating blocks 7 thanks to primary anchoring systems 97.
- the primary anchoring systems 97 are separated and offset from the secondary anchoring members 88.
- the primary insulating blocks 22 have a generally parallelepiped shape and are arranged in parallel rows. Furthermore, they have dimensions identical to those of the secondary insulating blocks 7 with the exception of their thickness in the direction of thickness of the tank wall 1 which is likely to be different, and in particular weaker.
- the primary waterproof membrane 6 comprises a continuous layer of rectangular sheets 33 which have two series of mutually perpendicular undulations.
- the first series of corrugations 55 extends perpendicular to the rows of insulating blocks A, B, C and therefore perpendicular to the raised edges 32 of the strakes 21 and has a regular spacing 57.
- the second series of corrugations 56 extends parallel to the rows of insulating blocks A, B, C and therefore parallel to the raised edges 32 of the strakes 21 and has a regular spacing 58.
- the first series of corrugations 55 is higher than the second series of corrugations 56.
- the primary waterproof membrane 6 has a structure similar to that of the secondary waterproof membrane 4, that is to say that it is made up of an assembly of strakes with raised edges.
- the primary anchoring system 97 includes an anchoring system base 98 (hereinafter referred to as "the base 98" for convenience) and a stud 200.
- the base 98 comprises a movable part 110 and a retaining part 120.
- the retaining part 120 is arranged in a countersink 198 and is fixed to the cover plate 10, for example by fixing screws 121 (not visible on the but whose positions are marked on the top view of the ) and/or by gluing.
- the movable part 110 is arranged in a housing 199.
- the movable part 110 comprises a body 111 of which an upper surface 111A is flush with the surface of the cover plate 10.
- the retaining part 120 cooperates with the movable part 110 so as to stop the moving part 110 in the direction of thickness of the tank wall 1, while allowing movement of the moving part 110 perpendicular to the direction of thickness of the tank wall 1. More particularly, movement of the moving part 110 is possible at least in a direction of movement 1001 (cf. And ) which is parallel to the direction 1000 in which the grooves 20 extend.
- the retaining part 120 and the moving part 110 can each have various geometries as long as the movement described above of the moving part 110 is permitted.
- the body 111 has a positioning hole 40, which passes through the body 111 and which will be described in more detail later.
- the housing 199 opens into the counterbore 198.
- the secondary insulating barrier 2 is assembled on the supporting wall 3, here by juxtaposing secondary insulating blocks 7, in parallel rows as described above with reference to the .
- the secondary insulating barrier 2 thus comprises recesses 197, with one recess 197 per secondary insulating block 7.
- a base 98 is placed in the recess 197. This can be done after assembling the secondary insulating barrier 2. Alternatively, the base 98 may have been placed in the recess 197 of each secondary insulating block 7. before assembling the secondary insulating barrier 2 on the supporting wall 3. In particular, it is possible to prefabricate the secondary insulating blocks 7 with the base 98 already placed in the recess 197.
- a temporary positioning element 50 is provided.
- the temporary positioning element 50 is shown on the , there and the . It comprises a rod 60 and a head 82 at one end of the rod 60.
- the rod 60 has a threaded portion 62 and a non-threaded distal portion 63.
- the non-threaded distal portion 63 is at the end of the rod 60 which is opposite the head 82; thus, the threaded portion 62 is between the end of the rod 60 which carries the head 82 and the non-threaded distal portion 63.
- the threaded portion 62 is intended to cooperate with a corresponding tapping that the positioning hole 40 includes.
- the temporary positioning element 50 is screwed into the positioning hole 40 by means of the threaded portion 62.
- the non-threaded distal portion 63 is then received in a blind hole 196 (cf. ) which is formed in a bottom of the recess 197 and opens into the recess 197.
- a free end 64 of the non-threaded distal portion 63 is chamfered (cf. And ). This chamfering tends to facilitate centering of the temporary positioning element 50 and the moving part 110.
- the recess 197 is made in the thickness of the cover plate 10 such that the housing 199 opens onto the block of insulating foam 11, while the blind hole 196 is made in the block of insulating foam 11.
- the housing 199 may not open onto the block of insulating foam 11.
- the blind hole 196 may only be made in the cover plate 10.
- the recess 197 may be made in the thickness of the cover plate 10 and in part of the thickness of the insulating foam block 11.
- the moving part 110 is held in place by the temporary positioning element 50, and the head 82 of the temporary positioning element 50 projects relative to the moving part 110, above surface 111A.
- a strake 21 is placed above the temporary positioning element 50.
- the head 82 of the temporary positioning element 50 is projecting and that the strake 21 has a small thickness, the head 82 creates a local deformation of the strake 21. In other words the presence of the head 82 locally deforms the strake 21 relative to the normal planar shape of the latter.
- the head 82 has two projecting edges 89 (cf. ), the two projecting edges 89 being on either side of the rod 60 and aligned in an alignment direction 999.
- the alignment direction 999 can be parallel or approximately parallel (for example to within ⁇ 10°) to the direction 1000 of the grooves 20. This result can be obtained by judgment when screwing in the temporary positioning element 50 in step 2003. It is clearly understood that in this way, the projecting edges 89 impose that a direction of greatest slope of the local deformation of the strake 21 is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the direction 1000 of the grooves 20.
- a through hole 190 is made (not shown on the but represented on the ) in the strake 21 at the level of the local deformation created in step 2004.
- the head 82 of the temporary positioning element 50 has a recess 83 (cf. , And ). It is clearly understood that the presence of the recess 83 makes it possible to make the through hole 190 in the strake 21 in various ways, since the recess 83 allows a perforation tool to pass through the strake 21, which passage would not be possible if head 82 was full.
- the through hole 190 can be made in step 2005 in various ways.
- the through hole 190 is produced as follows: - firstly, we punch the strake 21 by inserting a punch perpendicular to the strake 21 in the recess 83; on the , arrow 899 represents the movement of the punch; the punch can be the 500 punch described below or a different punch; - then in a second step, through the hole made by the punch, a cutting tool (not shown) is inserted into the recess 83 and the cutting tool is screwed into a bore 84 (cf. And ) that the temporary positioning element 50 presents; then the cutting tool is actuated, the actuation of the cutting tool producing the through hole 190 with the desired dimensions.
- the cutting tool makes the through hole 190 by local shearing of the strake 21 using the bore 84 as a retaining means.
- the bore 84 is tapped and the insertion of the cutting tool is carried out by screwing by means of the tapping of the bore 84.
- arrow 949 represents the screwing direction of the cutting tool.
- the bore 84 opens into the recess 83 and extends through the rod 60.
- the bore 84 is not blind, that is to say that the bore 84 also opens into the end free of the non-threaded distal portion 63. This makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the temporary positioning element 50.
- the bore 84 has a diameter strictly less than a larger internal diameter of the recess 83, of so as to form a shoulder 83A (cf. ) at the bottom of the recess 83, at the junction between the bore 84 and the recess 83.
- the tool 400 includes a punch 500 shown on the and a cookie cutter 600 shown on the .
- the punch 500 has the overall shape of a stepped cylinder.
- a first end portion 510 of the punch 500 is surmounted by an end point 509.
- the end point 509 is for example of conical shape as shown.
- the punch 500 comprises a second end portion 530 opposite the end tip 509, and an intermediate portion 520 between the first end portion 510 and the second end portion 530.
- the first portion of end 510, the second end portion 530 and the intermediate portion 520 are cylindrical.
- the exterior diameter of the first end portion 510 is strictly less than the exterior diameter of the intermediate portion 520, and the exterior diameter of the intermediate portion 520 is strictly less than the exterior diameter of the second end portion 530.
- the punch 500 comprises a first fillet 512 at the connection between the first end portion 510 and the intermediate portion 520, and a second fillet 523 at the connection between the intermediate portion 520 and the second portion end 530.
- the cookie cutter 600 has an overall cylinder shape.
- the cookie cutter 600 has a first end 601 and a second end 602 opposite the first end 601.
- the cookie cutter 600 further comprises a central bore 650.
- the central bore 650 does not open out at the level of the second end 602.
- the central bore 650 opens into a recess 660, the recess 660 opening at the first end 601.
- a bevel 610 is formed on the first end 601 all around the mouth of the recess 660.
- the recess 660 has an interior diameter strictly greater than the interior diameter of the central bore 650, so as to form a shoulder 665 at the bottom of the recess 660, at the junction between the recess 660 and the central bore 650.
- the cookie cutter 600 is designed to receive the punch 500. More precisely, the central bore 650 of the cookie cutter 600 and the second end portion 530 of the punch 500 are dimensioned so that the second portion d The end 530 can be inserted into the central bore 650 passing through the mouth of the recess 660. In addition, the second end portion 530 can slide in the central bore 650, so that the punch 500 and the cookie cutter 600 are movable in sliding relative to each other. Thus, the end point 509 of the punch 500 projects more or less relative to the bevel 610 of the punch 600.
- the temporary positioning element 50 and the strake 21 are shown above the temporary positioning element 50 in the same position as on the .
- the other elements represented on the are deliberately omitted from the for reasons of readability of the drawing.
- the through hole 190 is made using the tool 400 in the following manner.
- the tool 400 is assembled by inserting the punch 500 into the punch 600. As mentioned above, the end tip 509 of the punch 500 projects from the bevel 610 of the cookie cutter 600 as shown on the . The tool 400 thus assembled is then positioned above the strake 21, the end point 509 being turned towards the strake 21 and being located above the recess 83 of the temporary positioning element 50.
- the tool 400 is given a first impulse in the direction of the strake 21.
- the arrow 401 on the indicates the direction of the first pulse.
- the end point 509 punches the strake 21 and penetrates into the recess 83 of the temporary positioning element 50.
- the end point 509 and the first end portion 510 can in addition to penetrating the bore 84 of the temporary positioning element 50, up to a stop position of the punch 500 shown on the .
- the first fillet 512 of the punch 500 abuts against the shoulder 83A at the bottom of the recess 83.
- damage to the secondary insulating block 7 is avoided by pushing the end point 509 too deeply.
- the operator can be assured that the punch 500 has correctly punched the strake 21.
- the intermediate portion 520 and the second fillet 523 are omitted from the punch 500.
- the first fillet 512 and/or the second fillet 523 can be replaced by shoulders.
- the punch 500 being in its stop position shown on the , the tool 400 is given a second impulse in the direction of the strake 21.
- the arrow 402 on the indicates the direction of the second pulse. Since the punch 500 and the cookie cutter 600 are movable in sliding relative to each other, under the effect of the second pulse, the cookie cutter 600 is brought into contact with the strake 21 despite the abutment of the punch 500 against the temporary positioning element 50.
- the interior diameter of the recess 660 of the cookie cutter 600 is strictly greater than the exterior diameter of the head 82 of the temporary positioning element 60.
- the bevel 610 comes into contact with the strake 21 and creates the through hole 190 by local shearing of the strake 21..
- the shoulder 665 (cf. And ) can come into abutment against the head 82.
- the first pulse and the second pulse can be imparted to the tool 400 in various ways. It is convenient to distribute the first pulse and the second pulse to the second end 602 of the cookie cutter 600 (cf. ), for example by means of a manual tool such as a hammer, or by means of a pneumatic tool into which the second end 602 is inserted. The first pulse and/or the second pulse can be repeated if necessary.
- the internal diameter of the recess 660 may only be slightly greater than the external diameter of the head 82, for example greater than 1 mm or 0.5 mm. Indeed, returning to the , it is not necessary for the internal diameter of the recess 660 to be much greater than the external diameter of the head 82, because the stop of the punch 500 against the temporary positioning element 50 tends to ensure that the recess 660 is centered on the head 82.
- the internal diameter of the central bore 650 of the punch 600 is only slightly greater than the external diameter of the second end portion 530 of the punch 500, for example greater 0.5 mm or 0.25 mm.
- the stud 200 intended to be screwed into the positioning hole 40 in place of the temporary positioning element 50.
- the stud 200 has a flange 202 and, under the flange 202, a lower threaded part 201 which allows the screwing the stud 200 into the positioning hole 40.
- the stud 200 also has a threaded upper part 209 which makes it possible to retain the primary insulating blocks 22 as will be described later.
- the stud 200 has, from bottom to top, a section 203 of diameter greater than that of the part 209, a section 204 of diameter equal to or slightly less than that of the section 203, and having at least one flat allowing a grip to be provided to a key or another tool for screwing the stud 200 into the positioning hole 40, and an unthreaded section 206 of diameter substantially equal to that of the upper threaded part 209.
- a marking 195 is carried out (cf. ) on the strake 21.
- the marking 195 is made at a predetermined distance ⁇ from the through hole 190.
- the marking 195 and the predetermined distance ⁇ will be detailed later.
- the marking 195 does not affect the mechanical resistance of the strake 21, and is therefore made without incision or notching of the strake 21.
- the marking 195 is made with a pen -felt, indelible or not.
- step 2007, the temporary positioning element 50 is removed from the positioning hole 40. More concretely, the temporary positioning element 50 is unscrewed through the through hole 190.
- the tapping of the bore 84 has a thread direction opposite to the thread direction of the tapping of the positioning hole 50.
- the tapping of the bore 84 is left-hand threaded, while the tapping of the positioning hole 40 is right-handed; the reverse being of course also possible.
- the threaded part 201 of the stud 200 is screwed into the positioning hole 40, from above the strake 21, through the through hole 190.
- the predetermined distance ⁇ is chosen such that the stud 200 can be screwed into the positioning hole 40 through the through hole 190 without the collar 202 obscuring the marking 195.
- the predetermined distance ⁇ can be such that a distance between the center of the through hole 190 and the marking 195 is greater than or equal to the radius of the flange 202.
- the marking 195 makes it possible to visually transfer to the strake 21 a position of the moving part 110, even if the moving part 110 is hidden by the strake 21. Indeed, as long as the temporary positioning element 50 remains screwed into the positioning hole 40 at the end of step 2003, the temporary positioning element 50 and the moving part 110 remain united. The position of the temporary positioning element 50 thus materializes the position of the moving part 110, the latter having been able to be adjusted manually before screwing the temporary positioning element 50 in step 2003, since then the strake 21 does not does not yet mask the moving part 110.
- the predetermined distance ⁇ is chosen such that the stud 200 can be screwed into the positioning hole through the through hole 190 without the collar 202 masking the marking 195, if the collar 202 masks the marking 195, then the positioning of the stud 200 and the moving part 110 is incorrect and must be rectified.
- the marking 195 can thus serve as a visual reference used to correctly position the moving part 110 and the stud 200 before finishing screwing the stud 200 in step 2007. More concretely, the stud 200 can be partially screwed in, then adjust the positioning. of the stud 200 in relation to the marking 195, then finish screwing the stud 200, the collar 202 resting against the strake 21 when we have finished screwing the stud 200.
- a distance between the marking 195 and the outer contour of the collar 202 when the stud 200 is finished is between 0.1 mm inclusive and 4 mm inclusive.
- the 195 marking can be produced in different ways.
- the marking 195 can be a point marking, such as a point or a cross.
- the marking 195 is positioned such that an imaginary straight line 198D passing through the center 199 of the through hole 190 and parallel to the direction 1001 also passes through the marking 195.
- the marking 195 can serve as a visual reference used to position the stud 200 and the moving part 110 in a correct position allowing movement of the moving part 110 in both directions following direction 1001.
- the marking 195 can be a circle drawn at the distance ⁇ from the through hole 190 around the through hole 190.
- the marking 195 intersects the imaginary line 198D.
- the marking 195 can serve as a visual reference serving to position the stud 200 and the moving part 110 in a correct position allowing movement of the moving part 110 in both directions along the direction 1001.
- the marking 195 can be an arc of a circle, preferably intersecting the imaginary line 198D, or two arcs of a circle, preferably each intersecting the imaginary line 198D.
- the marking 195 can be a straight line segment drawn at the distance ⁇ from the through hole 190 and perpendicular to the direction 1001. It is understood that in this case also, the marking 195 can serve as a visual reference used to position the stud 200 and the moving part 110 in a correct position allowing movement of the moving part 110 in both directions following direction 1001.
- the marking 195 can be two line segments diametrically opposed to the center 199 of the through hole 190, each drawn at the distance ⁇ from the through hole 190 and perpendicular to the direction 1001.
- step 2007, the stud 200 is in place in the positioning hole 40 and the primary anchoring system 97 is thus assembled.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 4 is welded in order to ensure the tightness of the secondary waterproof membrane 4.
- the flange 202 is sealed to the strake 21, and the raised edges 32 of the strake are welded. the strake 21 to the welding wings 35, according to known techniques.
- one or more primary insulating blocks 22 are placed on the strake 21 and said primary insulating block(s) 22 are fixed by means of the primary anchoring system 97.
- this fixing can be carried out by means of a flat washer, one (or more) Belleville washer(s) located at section 206 and a nut screwed onto the upper threaded part 209.
- steps 2001 to 2009 have been described above in the context of a single secondary insulating block 7, it is understood that these steps can be repeated as many times as there are primary anchoring systems.
- the secondary insulating barrier 2 can comprise secondary elements different from the secondary insulating blocks 7 described above, in particular in certain particular zones such as near the edges of the tank.
- step 2010 the construction of the tank wall 1 can be completed, in particular by assembling the primary waterproof membrane 6 on the primary insulating barrier 5.
- process 2000 is applicable to other types of secondary insulating elements to constitute the secondary insulating barrier 2 as well as the secondary insulating blocks 7.
- the method 2000 is applicable when the recess for receiving the base 98 of the primary anchoring system 97 is formed in the secondary insulating barrier 4 elsewhere than in the center of a secondary insulating block 7.
- the base 98 can be received in a recess formed in a corner region of one or more adjacent secondary insulating elements, or in a recess formed between several adjacent secondary insulating elements.
- the method 2000 is applicable to other primary anchoring systems comprising a base received in a recess and a stud intended to be screwed into the base, in particular to primary anchoring systems where the base is a simple plate .
- the base 398 of a primary anchoring system 397 is a plate provided with a tapped hole 340.
- the tapped hole 340 is dimensioned to receive the threaded part 201 of the stud 201 (not shown on the ) and the rod 60 of the positioning element 50.
- the base 398 is received in a recess 395 formed in the secondary insulating barrier 2, between the outer edges of two or more adjacent secondary insulating elements 607 constituting the secondary insulating barrier 2.
- the recess 395 can also receive a secondary anchoring member for anchoring one or more of the secondary insulating elements 607 and/or receiving a seal made of thermally insulating material.
- the temporary positioning element 50 is identical to what was described previously and is therefore not described again for the sake of brevity.
- step 2006 consisting of making a marking on the strake 21 can be omitted, since then the marking is not necessary to report a position of a moving part relative to the base 398. at base 398.
- a cutaway view of an LNG ship 70 shows a waterproof and thermally insulating tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship 70.
- the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof membrane arranged between the primary waterproof membrane and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two thermally insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof membrane and the secondary waterproof membrane and between the secondary waterproof membrane and the double hull 72.
- loading/unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
- the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can connect to the loading/unloading pipes 73.
- the adjustable mobile arm 74 adapts to all LNG carrier templates.
- a connection pipe not shown extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG tanker 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
- the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG ship 70 at a long distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
- pumps on board the ship 70 and/or pumps fitted to the on-shore installation 77 and/or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
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Abstract
Description
la membrane étanche secondaire comportant des virures métalliques soudées deux à deux, et
la barrière isolante primaire comportant des éléments isolants primaires juxtaposés ;
le procédé d’assemblage comprenant les étapes de :
a) assembler la barrière isolante secondaire sur la paroi porteuse, la barrière isolante secondaire formant une surface de support pour la membrane étanche secondaire, et la barrière isolante secondaire présentant un évidement débouchant sur la surface de support ;
b) disposer une base de système d’ancrage dans l’évidement, ladite base de système d’ancrage comportant un trou de positionnement présentant un premier taraudage :
c) apporter un élément de positionnement temporaire, l’élément de positionnement temporaire comportant une tige et une tête à une extrémité de la tige, la tige présentant une portion filetée, et la tête présentant un renfoncement à l’opposé de la tige, et visser l’élément de positionnement temporaire dans ledit trou de positionnement au moyen de la portion filetée ;
d) disposer une dite virure au-dessus de l’élément de positionnement temporaire de telle sorte que la tête crée une déformation locale de la virure :
e) réaliser un trou traversant dans la virure depuis le dessus de la virure au niveau de ladite déformation locale ;
f) enlever l’élément de positionnement temporaire du trou de positionnement, et visser un goujon fileté dans le trou de positionnement depuis le dessus de la virure à travers le trou traversant, ladite base de système d’ancrage et le goujon fileté formant un système d’ancrage primaire ;
g) disposer un ou plusieurs éléments isolants primaires sur ladite virure et fixer ledit ou lesdits éléments isolants primaires à la barrière isolante secondaire au moyen du système d’ancrage primaire.
- poinçonner la virure en enfonçant un poinçon dans le renfoncement et l’alésage jusqu’à une position de butée du poinçon dans laquelle un congé ou un épaulement que comporte le poinçon est en butée contre l’épaulement interne.
- le poinçon étant dans la position de butée, faire coulisser l’emporte-pièce par rapport au poinçon en direction de la virure de sorte que la première extrémité de l’emporte-pièce réalise le trou traversant en cisaillant la virure.
- l’étape e) comporte insérer un outil de découpe dans le renfoncement et visser l’outil de découpe dans l’alésage de la tige puis actionner l’outil de découpe ; et
- l’étape f) comporte dévisser l’élément de positionnement temporaire du trou de positionnement au moyen d’un outil.
- le procédé d’assemblage comprend, après l’étape e) et avant l’étape f), une étape e2) consistant à réaliser un marquage sur la virure depuis le dessus de la virure, le marquage étant situé à une distance prédéterminée du trou traversant réalisé à l’étape e) ; et
- à l’étape f), le goujon fileté est vissé dans le trou de positionnement en utilisant le marquage comme repère visuel.
- une pièce mobile comportant un corps présentant une face supérieure affleurant la surface supérieure de la plaque de couvercle, le trou de positionnement étant traversant à travers ledit corps ; et
- une pièce de retenue fixée à la plaque de couvercle et coopérant avec la pièce mobile de manière à arrêter la pièce mobile dans ledit évidement dans la direction d’épaisseur,
ledit évidement et la pièce de retenue étant configurés pour permettre un déplacement de la pièce mobile perpendiculairement à la direction d’épaisseur.
- dans un premier temps, on poinçonne la virure 21 en enfonçant un poinçon perpendiculairement à la virure 21 dans le renfoncement 83 ; sur la
- puis dans un second temps, à travers le trou réalisé par le poinçon, on insère un outil de découpe (non représenté) dans le renfoncement 83 et on visse l’outil de découpe dans un alésage 84 (cf.
Claims (17)
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) pour assembler une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante pour le stockage d’un fluide, la paroi de cuve (1) comportant successivement, dans une direction d’épaisseur, une barrière isolante secondaire (2) retenue à une paroi porteuse (3), une membrane étanche secondaire (4) reposant contre la barrière isolante secondaire (2), et une barrière isolante primaire (5) reposant contre la membrane étanche secondaire (4),
la membrane étanche secondaire (4) comportant des virures (21) métalliques soudées deux à deux, et
la barrière isolante primaire (5) comportant des éléments isolants primaires (22) juxtaposés ;
le procédé d’assemblage (2000) comprenant les étapes de :
a) assembler (2001) la barrière isolante secondaire (2) sur la paroi porteuse (3), la barrière isolante secondaire (2) formant une surface de support pour la membrane étanche secondaire (4), et la barrière isolante secondaire (2) présentant un évidement (197, 395) débouchant sur la surface de support ;
b) disposer (2002) une base de système d’ancrage (98, 398) dans l’évidement (197, 395), ladite base de système d’ancrage (98, 398) comportant un trou de positionnement (40, 340) présentant un premier taraudage ;
c) apporter (2003) un élément de positionnement temporaire (50), l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) comportant une tige (60) et une tête (82) à une extrémité de la tige (60), la tige (60) présentant une portion filetée (62), et la tête (82) présentant un renfoncement (83) à l’opposé de la tige (60), et visser l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) dans ledit trou de positionnement (40, 340) au moyen de la portion filetée (62) ;
d) disposer (2004) une dite virure (21) au-dessus de l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) de telle sorte que la tête (82) crée une déformation locale de la virure (21) ;
e) réaliser (2005) un trou traversant (190) dans la virure (21) depuis le dessus de la virure (21) au niveau de ladite déformation locale ;
f) enlever (2007) l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) du trou de positionnement (40, 340), et visser un goujon fileté (200) dans le trou de positionnement (40, 340) depuis le dessus de la virure (21) à travers le trou traversant (190), ladite base de système d’ancrage (98, 398) et le goujon fileté (200) formant un système d’ancrage primaire (97, 397) ;
g) disposer (2009) un ou plusieurs éléments isolants primaires (22) sur ladite virure (21) et fixer ledit ou lesdits éléments isolants primaires (22) à la barrière isolante secondaire (2) au moyen du système d’ancrage primaire (97, 397). - Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite virure (21) comporte, à deux extrémités opposées de celle-ci, deux bords relevés (32) vers l’intérieur de la cuve, et le procédé d’assemblage (2000) comporte souder (2008) les bords relevés (32) avec des ailes de soudure (35) retenues mécaniquement sur la barrière isolante secondaire (2).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, dans lequel la tête (82) présente au moins une arête saillante (89) pour créer la déformation locale de la virure (21).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 2 et la revendication 3 prises en combinaison, dans lequel l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) est vissé dans ledit trou de positionnement (40, 340) de manière que ladite au moins une arête saillante (89) est parallèle aux bords relevés (32).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l’étape e) comporte poinçonner la virure (21) en enfonçant un poinçon (500) jusque dans le renfoncement (83).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la tige (60) présente un alésage (84) débouchant dans le renfoncement (83) de la tête (82), l’alésage comportant un deuxième taraudage, et dans lequel :
- l’étape e) comporte insérer un outil de découpe dans le renfoncement (83) et visser l’outil de découpe dans l’alésage (84) de la tige (60) puis actionner l’outil de découpe ; et
- l’étape f) comporte dévisser l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) du trou de positionnement (40) au moyen d’un outil. - Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le premier taraudage et le deuxième taraudage ont des sens de filet opposés, et l’étape f) comporte appliquer une rotation à l’outil dans l’alésage (84) de la tige (60).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel :
- le procédé d’assemblage (2000) comprend, après l’étape e) et avant l’étape f), une étape e2) consistant à réaliser (2006) un marquage (195) sur la virure (21) depuis le dessus de la virure (21), le marquage (195) étant situé à une distance prédéterminée (δ) du trou traversant (190) ; et
- à l’étape f), le goujon fileté (200) est vissé dans le trou de positionnement (40, 340) en utilisant le marquage (195) comme repère visuel. - Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel à l’étape f), on visse partiellement le goujon fileté (200) dans le trou de positionnement (40, 340), puis on ajuste la position du goujon fileté (200) par rapport au marquage (195), puis on finit de visser le goujon fileté (200) dans le trou de positionnement (40, 340).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel le goujon fileté (200) comporte une collerette (202), et à l’étape f), le goujon fileté (200) est vissé dans le trou de positionnement (40, 340) sans que la collerette (202) ne masque le marquage (195).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel ledit évidement (197) est formé dans un élément isolant secondaire (7) de la barrière isolante secondaire (2).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 11, dans lequel ledit évidement (197) est formé à distance des bords dudit élément isolant secondaire (7).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 12, dans lequel ledit élément isolant secondaire (7) comporte un trou borgne (196) ménagé dans un fond de l’évidement (197) et débouchant dans ledit évidement (197), la tige (60) comporte une portion distale non filetée (63) à l’opposé de la tête (82), et à l’étape c), l’élément de positionnement temporaire (50) est vissé dans ledit trou de positionnement (40, 340) au moyen de la portion filetée (62) jusqu’à ce que la portion distale non filetée (63) soit reçue dans le trou borgne (196).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 13, dans lequel une extrémité libre (64) de la portion distale non filetée (63) est chanfreinée.
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel ledit élément isolant secondaire (7) est un bloc isolant secondaire comportant un bloc de mousse isolante (11) et une plaque de couvercle (10) disposée sur le bloc de mousse isolante (11), une surface supérieure de la plaque de couvercle (10) formant une surface de support pour la membrane étanche secondaire (4), et dans lequel l’évidement (197) s’étend dans au moins une partie de l’épaisseur de la plaque de couvercle (10).
- Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 15, dans lequel ladite base de système d’ancrage (98) comporte :
- une pièce mobile (110) comportant un corps (111) présentant une face supérieure (111A) affleurant la surface supérieure de la plaque de couvercle (10), le trou de positionnement (40) étant traversant à travers ledit corps (111) ; et
- une pièce de retenue (120) fixée à la plaque de couvercle (10) et coopérant avec la pièce mobile (110) de manière à arrêter la pièce mobile (110) dans ledit évidement (197) dans la direction d’épaisseur,
ledit évidement (197) et la pièce de retenue (120) étant configurés pour permettre un déplacement de la pièce mobile (110) perpendiculairement à la direction d’épaisseur. - Procédé d’assemblage (2000) selon la revendication 16, dans lequel ledit évidement (197) et la pièce de retenue (120) sont configurés pour permettre un déplacement de la pièce mobile (110) selon une direction de déplacement (1001) parallèle à une direction longitudinale (1000) de la virure (21).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380066999.7A CN119894766A (zh) | 2022-10-11 | 2023-10-10 | 用于对密封且热隔绝罐的壁进行组装的组装方法 |
| JP2025520678A JP2025535091A (ja) | 2022-10-11 | 2023-10-10 | 密閉断熱タンクの壁を組み立てるための組立方法 |
| KR1020257008611A KR20250087527A (ko) | 2022-10-11 | 2023-10-10 | 밀봉 및 단열 탱크의 벽을 조립하기 위한 조립 방법 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2210393A FR3140614B1 (fr) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Procédé d’assemblage pour assembler une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
| FRFR2210393 | 2022-10-11 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024079145A1 true WO2024079145A1 (fr) | 2024-04-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/078097 Ceased WO2024079145A1 (fr) | 2022-10-11 | 2023-10-10 | Procédé d'assemblage pour assembler une paroi de cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2025535091A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250087527A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119894766A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3140614B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024079145A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2887010A1 (fr) | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee |
| FR3090810A1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-26 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Système d’ancrage pour cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
-
2022
- 2022-10-11 FR FR2210393A patent/FR3140614B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-10-10 CN CN202380066999.7A patent/CN119894766A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-10 WO PCT/EP2023/078097 patent/WO2024079145A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-10 KR KR1020257008611A patent/KR20250087527A/ko active Pending
- 2023-10-10 JP JP2025520678A patent/JP2025535091A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2887010A1 (fr) | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee |
| FR3090810A1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-26 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Système d’ancrage pour cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3140614A1 (fr) | 2024-04-12 |
| FR3140614B1 (fr) | 2024-10-25 |
| CN119894766A (zh) | 2025-04-25 |
| KR20250087527A (ko) | 2025-06-16 |
| JP2025535091A (ja) | 2025-10-22 |
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