WO2024074090A1 - 智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024074090A1
WO2024074090A1 PCT/CN2023/118010 CN2023118010W WO2024074090A1 WO 2024074090 A1 WO2024074090 A1 WO 2024074090A1 CN 2023118010 W CN2023118010 W CN 2023118010W WO 2024074090 A1 WO2024074090 A1 WO 2024074090A1
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microkernel
operating system
hardware module
implementing
smart cockpit
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PCT/CN2023/118010
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English (en)
French (fr)
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江淋
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深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024074090A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024074090A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/4401Bootstrapping
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
    • G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/54Interprogram communication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/54Interprogram communication
    • G06F9/545Interprogram communication where tasks reside in different layers, e.g. user- and kernel-space
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/455Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
    • G06F9/45533Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
    • G06F9/45558Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
    • G06F2009/45575Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances

Definitions

  • the present application relates to but is not limited to the field of intelligent transportation technology.
  • the automotive electronic and electrical architecture is also evolving from a traditional distributed architecture to a regional centralized architecture, but will eventually develop into a central centralized architecture.
  • the characteristics of the regional centralized architecture are: the computing power that was previously dispersed in multiple electronic control units (ECUs) and microcontrollers (MCUs) in one domain is integrated into a large regional computing platform, which is called a domain master processor.
  • ECUs electronice control units
  • MCUs microcontrollers
  • the entire vehicle can be divided into the power domain (Power Train), chassis domain (Chassis), body domain (Body/Comfort), cockpit domain (Cockpit/Infotainment), and autonomous driving domain according to specific functional domains.
  • the present application provides a method for implementing a smart cockpit, a smart cockpit, and a computer-readable medium.
  • the present application provides a method for implementing a smart cockpit, comprising: implementing basic functions through a microkernel operating system of a microkernel layer; wherein the basic functions include: The microkernel operating system must have functions for its operation; under the control of the microkernel operating system, additional functions are implemented through the system area of the microkernel application layer, and exclusive computing resources are allocated to each security-critical business; wherein the additional functions include: auxiliary functions required for the operation of the microkernel operating system; under the control of the microkernel operating system, security-critical businesses are implemented through the application area of the microkernel application layer; under the control of the microkernel operating system, non-security-critical businesses are implemented through the virtual area of the microkernel application layer.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; a memory, wherein at least one program is stored in the memory, and when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, any one of the smart cockpit implementation methods described herein is implemented.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any one of the methods for implementing a smart cockpit described herein.
  • FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing a smart cockpit provided in the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the software system of the smart cockpit of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the startup process of the software system of the smart cockpit of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a block diagram of the composition of the electronic device provided in this application.
  • FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing a smart cockpit provided in the present application.
  • the present application provides a method for implementing a smart cockpit, comprising steps 100 to 103 .
  • step 100 basic functions are implemented by a microkernel operating system of a microkernel layer; wherein the basic functions include: functions that are essential for the operation of the microkernel operating system.
  • the basic functions include: a process management function, a capability execution function, an interrupt management function, an exception handling function, and an inter-process communication function.
  • the functional safety of the microkernel operating system complies with ISO 26262-6:2011, Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 6: Software-layer product development.
  • step 101 under the control of the microkernel operating system, additional functions are implemented through the system area of the microkernel application layer, and exclusive computing resources are allocated to each security-critical business; wherein the additional functions include: auxiliary functions required for the operation of the microkernel operating system.
  • the additional functions include: hardware abstraction functions, basic middleware, and system service functions.
  • the hardware abstraction function includes at least one of the following: Device drivers, file systems, network protocol stacks, etc.
  • the basic middleware includes at least one of the following: a C or C++ program runtime environment, a system interface library, and the like.
  • the system service function includes at least one of the following: a resource management service function, a system monitoring service function, and the like.
  • the system service function is implemented by an independent process space of the system area.
  • the computing resources include at least one of the following: CPU resources, memory resources, and cache resources.
  • the computing resources allocated to the safety-critical business are exclusive resources of the safety-critical business and have exclusive use rights.
  • the implementation method of the present invention only implements simple basic functions in the microkernel layer, and complex additional functions are moved to the system area of the microkernel application layer.
  • the system service functions are implemented in an independent process space.
  • Such a decentralized design makes the software system architecture robust to runtime errors, which means that a failure within a process corresponding to a system service function will not affect other processes and the kernel, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the kernel and security-critical services.
  • step 102 under the control of the microkernel operating system, the security-critical service is implemented through the application area of the microkernel application layer.
  • the safety-critical service is a service that has real-time or safety requirements.
  • the safety-critical business includes at least one of the following: a business with real-time requirements, a business with functional safety requirements, a business with startup time requirements, a business with information security requirements, etc.
  • the safety-critical business includes at least one of the following: an instrument monitoring business, an assisted driving monitoring business, etc.
  • the functional safety of the instrument monitoring service and assisted driving monitoring service implemented in the smart cockpit complies with ISO 26262-6:2011, Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 6: Software layer product development.
  • step 103 under the control of the microkernel operating system, non-safety-critical services are implemented through the virtual area of the microkernel application layer.
  • the application area, the system area, and the virtual area are each composed of a group of processes, which are divided according to business types and implemented using a process management function provided in a microkernel operating system.
  • non-safety-critical services are services that have no requirements for real-time performance and safety.
  • the non-safety-critical service includes at least one of the following: a digital instrument service, an infotainment service, an auxiliary driving service, and the like.
  • implementing non-safety-critical services through a virtual area of a microkernel application layer under the control of a microkernel operating system includes: managing virtual machines in a virtual area through a virtual machine manager in the virtual area under the control of a microkernel operating system; and implementing non-safety-critical services through a master virtual machine in the virtual area.
  • the management of the virtual machine by the virtual machine manager includes at least one of the following: starting the virtual machine, stopping the virtual machine, suspending the virtual machine, managing the life cycle of the virtual machine, and providing virtual devices and physical devices for the virtual machine.
  • the virtual area also includes other virtual machines.
  • the main virtual machine and other virtual machines can be Linux, Android, Windows and other systems, which have a rich software ecosystem and make up for the shortcomings of the insufficient software ecosystem of the microkernel operating system.
  • container technology is used in a main virtual machine to implement non-safety-critical services, and non-safety-critical services may also be integrated into the virtual machine.
  • different non-safety-critical businesses are implemented using different containers, which ensures that each business runs relatively independently and does not interfere with each other, improves the quality of functional services, and is beneficial to the maintenance of each business.
  • Linux container technology is used in the main virtual machine to implement non-safety-critical services.
  • Linux container technology is used in the main virtual machine to isolate the Linux environment of the main virtual machine into at least one relatively independent execution space.
  • different non-safety-critical services are implemented in different execution spaces. Since the execution spaces are isolated, the service quality of each execution environment can be better guaranteed.
  • a primary virtual machine is used to provide virtualization services for detection hardware devices and systems for non-safety-critical businesses, so that non-safety-critical businesses can use these detection hardware devices and systems simultaneously and work normally.
  • the detection hardware device and system include at least one of the following: an artificial intelligence (AI) chip, a camera, a lidar, a millimeter-wave radar, a display screen, an Android framework, etc.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the method further includes: dividing a portion of the memory space as a shared memory space by a microkernel operating system.
  • the method further includes: dividing the shared memory space into at least two subspaces through a microkernel operating system. At least two subspaces can be allocated to different services to achieve communication and interaction between services.
  • the shared memory space is divided into subspace 1 and subspace 2.
  • Subspace 1 is allocated to the assisted driving service and the assisted driving monitoring service, and the assisted driving service and the assisted driving monitoring service use subspace 1 for communication and interaction;
  • subspace 2 is allocated to the digital instrument service and the instrument monitoring service, and the digital instrument service and the instrument monitoring service use subspace 2 for communication and interaction.
  • the method further includes: managing a first hardware module in a hardware device through a microkernel operating system; wherein the first hardware module includes: a hardware module that is essential for the operation of the microkernel operating system; managing a second hardware module in the hardware device through a system area under the control of the microkernel operating system; wherein the second hardware module includes: an auxiliary hardware module required for the operation of the microkernel operating system; implementing security-critical services through an application area under the control of the microkernel operating system; managing and using a third hardware module in the hardware device through a virtual area under the control of the microkernel operating system; wherein the third hardware module is a hardware module other than the first hardware module and the second hardware module.
  • the first hardware module includes: a central processing unit (CPU), an interrupt, a memory, etc.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • interrupt a memory, etc.
  • the CPU is a high-computing-power CPU.
  • all modules in the hardware device comply with International Standardization Organization (ISO) 26262-6:2011, Road Vehicles—Functional Safety—Part 5: Hardware-Level Product Development, Chip Manufacturing Made to meet AEC-Q100 requirements.
  • ISO International Standardization Organization
  • the second hardware module includes: a debugging module, a memory, and a network module.
  • the memory is a mass storage device.
  • the third hardware module includes: a display, and a hardware module with independent computing capabilities.
  • the third hardware module also includes: peripheral modules other than the first hardware module, the second hardware module, the display and the hardware module with independent computing capability, such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB), a speaker, a microphone, etc.
  • peripheral modules other than the first hardware module, the second hardware module, the display and the hardware module with independent computing capability such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB), a speaker, a microphone, etc.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the hardware modules with independent computing capabilities include: a graphics processor (GPU, Graphics Processing Unit) and an embedded neural network processor (NPU, Neural-network Processing Units).
  • GPU Graphics Processing Unit
  • NPU Neural-network Processing Units
  • the GPU is a high-performance GPU.
  • managing and using the third hardware module in the hardware device through the virtual area of the microkernel application layer includes: under the control of the microkernel operating system, managing the virtual machines in the virtual area through the virtual machine manager in the virtual area; managing and using the third hardware module in the hardware device through the main virtual machine in the virtual area.
  • the microkernel operating system initializes the first hardware modules such as interrupts and memory, starts the root process, and then initializes the entire system area.
  • the main virtual machine is started through the virtual machine manager, and virtual devices and physical devices are provided to the main virtual machine.
  • One container space initializes the digital instrument service
  • the second container space initializes the assisted driving service
  • the third container space initializes the infotainment service.
  • the implementation method of the smart cockpit provided in the implementation mode of the present application runs an operating system on a set of hardware devices, and implements all the functions of the smart cockpit in one operating system. It does not require excessive computing resource overhead and is relatively simple to implement.
  • security-critical services can be hosted in the application area of the microkernel application layer, which is currently impossible for systems such as Linux.
  • the scalability is relatively good, and for new functions, it is only necessary to divide the new functions into security-critical services and non-security-critical services, and add the new functions in the areas where the security-critical services or non-security-critical services are located.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor 401; a memory 402, wherein at least one program is stored in the memory 402, and when the at least one program is executed by at least one processor, any one of the above-mentioned smart cockpit implementation methods is implemented.
  • the processor 201 is a device with data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), etc.;
  • the memory 202 is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory (FLASH).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • FLASH flash memory
  • the processor 401 and the memory 402 are connected to each other via a bus, and further connected to other components of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device further includes a fourth hardware module 403, a fifth hardware module 404, and a third hardware module 405 connected to the processor 401 via a bus.
  • the fourth hardware module 403 includes: interruption, memory, etc.
  • the fourth hardware module 403 further includes: a CPU.
  • the fifth hardware module 404 includes: a debugging module and a network module.
  • the fifth hardware module 404 further includes: a memory.
  • the third hardware module 405 includes: a display having A hardware module with independent computing capabilities.
  • the third hardware module further includes: peripheral modules other than the first hardware module, the second hardware module, the display, and the hardware module with independent computing capability, such as a USB, a speaker, a microphone, etc.
  • the hardware modules with independent computing capabilities include: a GPU and an NPU.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the above-mentioned methods for implementing a smart cockpit is implemented.
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or temporary medium).
  • a computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data).
  • Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

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  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供了一种智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质,智能座舱的实现方法包括:通过微内核层的微内核操作系统实现基础功能;其中,基础功能包括:微内核操作系统运行必须具备的功能;在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的系统区域实现附加功能,以及分别为每一个安全关键业务分配独占的计算资源;其中,附加功能包括:微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助功能;在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的应用区域实现安全关键业务;通过微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务。

Description

智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2022年10月8日提交给中国专利局的第202211231345.9号专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于智能交通工具技术领域。
背景技术
当前民用汽车朝着电动化,网联化,智能化,共享化的方向发展,汽车智能座舱不仅需要提供数字仪表,车载控制,还需要提供丰富的娱乐功能。
汽车电子电气架构也正由传统的分布式架构,演变为区域集中式架构,但最终发展为中央集中式。区域集中式架构的特点为:将过去一个域中分散在多个电子控制单元(ECU,Electronic Control Unit)和微控制器(MCU,Microcontroller Unit)的计算能力,融合到一个大的区域计算平台上,这个区域计算平台称为域主控处理器。当前整车按具体功能域可划分为动力域(Power Train)、底盘域(Chassis)、车身域(Body/Comfort)、座舱域(Cockpit/Infotainment)、自动驾驶域。
目前实现汽车智能座舱的做法要么会造成汽车座舱臃肿复杂,要么给整个系统造成较大的计算资源的开销。
发明内容
本申请提供一种智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质。
第一方面,本申请提供一种智能座舱的实现方法,包括:通过微内核层的微内核操作系统实现基础功能;其中,所述基础功能包括: 所述微内核操作系统运行必须具备的功能;在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的系统区域实现附加功能,以及分别为每一个安全关键业务分配独占的计算资源;其中,所述附加功能包括:所述微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助功能;在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述微内核应用层的应用区域实现安全关键业务;在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务。
第二方面,本申请提供一种电子设备,包括:至少一个处理器;存储器,存储器上存储有至少一个程序,当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时,实现本文所述任意一种智能座舱的实现方法。
第三方面,本申请提供一种计算机可读介质,计算机可读介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本文所述任意一种智能座舱的实现方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的智能座舱的实现方法的流程图;
图2为本申请的智能座舱的软件系统的架构示意图;
图3为本申请的智能座舱的软件系统的启动流程示意图;
图4为本申请提供的电子设备的组成框图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本申请的技术方案,下面结合附图对本申请提供的智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质进行详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述示例实施方式,但是所述示例实施方式可以以不同形式来体现且不应当被解释为限于本文阐述的实施方式。反之,提供这些实施方式的目的在于使本申请透彻和完整,并将使本领域技术人员充分理解本申请的范围。
在不冲突的情况下,本申请各实施方式及实施方式中的各特征可相互组合。
如本文所使用的,术语“和/或”包括至少一个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。
本文所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施方式,且不意欲限制本申请。如本文所使用的,单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式,除非上下文另外清楚指出。还将理解的是,当本说明书中使用术语“包括”和/或“由……制成”时,指定存在所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件,但不排除存在或添加至少一个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。
除非另外限定,否则本文所用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解,诸如那些在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本申请的背景下的含义一致的含义,且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义,除非本文明确如此限定。
图1为本申请提供的智能座舱的实现方法的流程图。
第一方面,参照图1,在一个实施方式中,本申请提供一种智能座舱的实现方法,包括步骤100至103。
在步骤100,如图2所示,通过微内核层的微内核操作系统实现基础功能;其中,基础功能包括:微内核操作系统运行必须具备的功能。
在一些示例性实施方式中,基础功能包括:进程管理功能,能力执行功能,中断管理功能,异常处理功能和进程间通信功能。
在一些示例性实施方式中,微内核操作系统的功能安全符合ISO26262-6:2011,道路车辆—功能安全—第6部分:软件层产品开发。
在步骤101,如图2所示,在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的系统区域实现附加功能,以及分别为每一个安全关键业务分配独占的计算资源;其中,附加功能包括:微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助功能。
在一些示例性实施方式中,附加功能包括:硬件抽象功能、基础中间件和系统服务功能。
在一些示例性实施方式中,硬件抽象功能包括以下至少之一:设 备驱动、文件系统、网络协议栈等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,基础中间件包括以下至少之一:C、C++程序运行环境、系统接口库等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,系统服务功能包括以下至少之一:资源管理服务功能、系统监控服务功能等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,通过系统区域的独立的进程空间实现系统服务功能。
在一些示例性实施方式中,计算资源包括以下至少之一:CPU资源、内存资源、缓存资源。
在一些示例性实施方式中,分配给安全关键业务的计算资源为安全关键业务的独占资源,具有独占使用权。
本发明实施方式在微内核层仅实现简单的基础功能,复杂的附加功能被移到微内核应用层的系统区域,系统服务功能在独立的进程空间中实现,这样分散的设计使得软件系统架构对运行时的错误具有鲁棒性,这意味着一个系统服务功能对应的进程内的故障不会影响其他进程和内核,保证内核和安全关键业务的可靠运行。
在步骤102,如图2所示,在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的应用区域实现安全关键业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,安全关键业务为对实时性或安全有要求的业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:对实时性有要求的业务,对功能安全有要求的业务,对启动时间有要求的业务,对信息安全有要求的业务等。例如,具体到智能座舱领域中,安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:仪表监控业务,辅助驾驶监控业务等。
在智能座舱中实现的仪表监控业务和辅助驾驶监控业务的功能安全符合ISO 26262-6:2011,道路车辆—功能安全—第6部分:软件层产品开发。
在步骤103,如图2所示,在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,应用区域、系统区域、虚拟区域分别由一组进程组成,按业务类型进行划分,使用微内核操作系统中提供的进程管理功能实现。
在一些示例性实施方式中,非安全关键业务为对实时性和安全没有要求的业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,非安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:数字仪表业务、信息娱乐业务、辅助驾驶业务等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,如图2所示,在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务包括:在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过虚拟区域中的虚拟机管理器实现对虚拟区域中的虚拟机的管理;通过虚拟区域中的主虚拟机实现非安全关键业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,虚拟机管理器对虚拟机的管理包括以下至少之一:启动虚拟机、停止虚拟机、挂起虚拟机、对虚拟机生命周期的管理、为虚拟机提供虚拟设备和物理设备。
在一些示例性实施方式中,虚拟区域还包括其他虚拟机。
在一些示例性实施方式中,主虚拟机和其他虚拟机可以是Linux,Android,Windows等系统,具有丰富软件生态系统,弥补了微内核操作系统软件生态不足的缺点。
在一些示例性实施方式中,在主虚拟机中采用容器技术实现非安全关键业务,也可以在虚拟机中融合非安全关键业务。
在一些示例性实施方式中,不同非安全关键业务采用不同容器实现,保证了各业务相对独立运行,做到互相不干涉,提升了功能服务质量,且有利于各业务维护。
在一些示例性实施方式中,在主虚拟机为Linux系统的情况下,在主虚拟机中采用Linux容器技术实现非安全关键业务。具体的,在主虚拟机中采用Linux容器技术将主虚拟机的Linux环境隔离成至少一个相对独立的执行空间,借助Linux丰富的软件生态,不同的执行空间内部实现不同的非安全关键业务,由于执行空间之间是隔离的,可以较好的保证每个执行环境的服务质量。
在一些示例性实施方式中,通过主虚拟机为非安全关键业务提供探测硬件设备和系统的虚拟化服务,让非安全关键业务可以同时使用这些探测硬件设备和系统并正常工作。
在一些示例性实施方式中,探测硬件设备和系统包括以下至少之一:人工智能(AI,Artificial Intelligence)芯片、摄像头、激光雷达、毫米波雷达、显示屏、安卓框架等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,所述方法还包括:通过微内核操作系统从内存空间中划分出一部分作为共享内存空间。
在一些示例性实施方式中,所述方法还包括:通过微内核操作系统将共享内存空间划分为至少两个子空间。至少两个子空间可以分配给不同的业务,实现业务见的通信和交互。例如,将共享内存空间划分为子空间1和子空间2。子空间1分配给辅助驾驶业务和辅助驾驶监控业务,辅助驾驶业务和辅助驾驶监控业务使用子空间1进行通信和交互;子空间2分配给数字仪表业务和仪表监控业务,数字仪表业务和仪表监控业务使用子空间2进行通信和交互。
在一些示例性实施方式中,如图2所示,所述方法还包括:通过微内核操作系统管理硬件设备中的第一硬件模块;其中,第一硬件模块包括:微内核操作系统运行必须具备的硬件模块;在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过系统区域管理硬件设备中的第二硬件模块;其中,第二硬件模块包括:微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助硬件模块;在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过应用区域实现安全关键业务;在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过虚拟区域管理和使用硬件设备中的第三硬件模块;其中,第三硬件模块为第一硬件模块和第二硬件模块之外的其他硬件模块。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第一硬件模块包括:中央处理单元(CPU,Center Processing Unit),中断,内存等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,CPU为大算力CPU。
在一些示例性实施方式中,硬件设备中的所有模块均符合国际标准化组织(ISO,International Standardization Organization)26262-6:2011,道路车辆—功能安全—第5部分:硬件层产品开发,芯片制 造符合AEC-Q100要求。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第二硬件模块包括:调试模块,存储器,网络模块。
在一些示例性实施方式中,存储器为大容量存储器。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第三硬件模块包括:显示器,具有独立计算能力的硬件模块。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第三硬件模块还包括:除了第一硬件模块、第二硬件模块、显示器和具有独立计算能力的硬件模块之外的外设模块,如通用串行总线(USB,Universal Serial Bus)、音箱、麦克风等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,具有独立计算能力的硬件模块包括:图像处理器(GPU,Graphics Processing Unit)和嵌入式神经网络处理器(NPU,Neural-network Processing Units)。
在一些示例性实施方式中,GPU为高性能GPU。
在一些示例性实施方式中,在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的虚拟区域管理和使用硬件设备中的第三硬件模块包括:在微内核操作系统的控制下,通过虚拟区域中的虚拟机管理器实现对虚拟区域中的虚拟机的管理;通过虚拟区域中的主虚拟机管理和使用硬件设备中的第三硬件模块。
下面介绍智能座舱的软件系统的启动流程,如图3所示,硬件设备上电后,进行硬件自检,从存储器上引导微内核操作系统。
通过微内核操作系统初始化中断、内存等第一硬件模块,启动根进程,进而初始化整个系统区域。
通过系统区域初始化设备驱动,启动文件系统,启动系统服务功能,启动应用区域。
通过应用区域启动仪表监控业务和辅助驾驶监控业务,启动虚拟机管理器。
通过虚拟机管理器启动主虚拟机,为主虚拟机提供虚拟设备和物理设备。
通过主虚拟机启动容器管理程序,并初始化三个容器空间,在第 一个容器空间初始化数字仪表业务,在第二个容器空间初始化辅助驾驶业务,在第三个容器空间初始化信息娱乐业务。
本申请实施方式提供的智能座舱的实现方法,在一套硬件设备上运行一个操作系统,在一个操作系统中实现智能座舱的所有功能,不需要过多的计算资源的开销,实现也比较简单;在操作系统中使用微内核技术,可以在微内核应用层的应用区域托管安全关键业务,这是目前Linux等系统无法实现的;可扩展性比较好,对于新增的功能仅需要将新增的功能划分为安全关键业务和非安全关键业务,并在安全关键业务或非安全关键业务所在的区域添加新增的功能即可。
第二方面,参照图4,本申请提供一种电子设备,包括:至少一个处理器401;存储器402,存储器402上存储有至少一个程序,当至少一个程序被至少一个处理器执行时,实现上述任意一种智能座舱的实现方法。
其中,处理器201为具有数据处理能力的器件,其包括但不限于中央处理器(CPU)等;存储器202为具有数据存储能力的器件,其包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM,更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)。
在一些实施方式中,处理器401、存储器402通过总线相互连接,进而与电子设备的其它组件连接。
在一些示例性实施方式中,电子设备还包括通过总线与处理器401连接的第四硬件模块403、第五硬件模块404和第三硬件模块405。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第四硬件模块403包括:中断,内存等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第四硬件模块403还包括:CPU。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第五硬件模块404包括:调试模块,网络模块。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第五硬件模块404还包括:存储器。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第三硬件模块405包括:显示器,具 有独立计算能力的硬件模块。
在一些示例性实施方式中,第三硬件模块还包括:除了第一硬件模块、第二硬件模块、显示器和具有独立计算能力的硬件模块之外的外设模块,如USB、音箱、麦克风等。
在一些示例性实施方式中,具有独立计算能力的硬件模块包括:GPU和NPU。
第三方面,本申请提供一种计算机可读介质,计算机可读介质上存储有计算机程序,计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述任意一种智能座舱的实现方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解,上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中,在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分;例如,一个物理组件可以具有多个功能,或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器,如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件,或者被实施为硬件,或者被实施为集成电路,如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上,计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的,术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其它存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其它光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储器、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其它的介质。此外,本领域普通技术人员公知的是,通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其它传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其它数据,并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
本文已经公开了示例实施方式,并且虽然采用了具体术语,但它 们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义,并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实例中,对本领域技术人员显而易见的是,除非另外明确指出,否则可单独使用与特定实施方式相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元素,或可与其它实施方式相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。因此,本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离由所附的权利要求阐明的本申请的范围的情况下,可进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种智能座舱的实现方法,包括:
    通过微内核层的微内核操作系统实现基础功能;其中,所述基础功能包括:所述微内核操作系统运行必须具备的功能;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过微内核应用层的系统区域实现附加功能,以及分别为每一个安全关键业务分配独占的计算资源;其中,所述附加功能包括:所述微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助功能;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述微内核应用层的应用区域实现安全关键业务;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的智能座舱的实现方法,还包括:
    通过所述微内核操作系统从内存空间中划分出一部分作为共享内存空间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的智能座舱的实现方法,还包括:
    通过所述微内核操作系统将所述共享内存空间划分为至少两个子空间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的智能座舱的实现方法,还包括:
    通过所述微内核操作系统管理硬件设备中的第一硬件模块;其中,所述第一硬件模块包括:所述微内核操作系统运行必须具备的硬件模块;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述系统区域管理所述硬件设备中的第二硬件模块;其中,所述第二硬件模块包括:所述微内核操作系统运行所需要的辅助硬件模块;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述应用区域实现安全关键业务;
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述虚拟区域管理和使用所述硬件设备中的第三硬件模块;其中,所述第三硬件模块为所述 第一硬件模块和所述第二硬件模块之外的其他硬件模块。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述第一硬件模块包括:中央处理单元,中断,内存;
    所述第二硬件模块包括:调试模块,存储器,网络模块;
    所述第三硬件模块包括:显示器,具有独立计算能力的硬件模块;所述具有独立计算能力的硬件模块包括:图像处理器和嵌入式神经网络处理器。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述基础功能包括:进程管理功能,能力执行功能,中断管理功能,异常处理功能和进程间通信功能;
    所述附加功能包括:硬件抽象功能、基础中间件和系统服务功能。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,通过所述系统区域的独立的进程空间实现所述系统服务功能。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:
    对实时性有要求的业务,对功能安全有要求的业务,对启动时间有要求的业务,对信息安全有要求的业务。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:仪表监控业务,辅助驾驶监控业务。
  10. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述非安全关键业务包括以下至少之一:数字仪表业务、信息娱乐业务、辅助驾驶业务。
  11. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,所述在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述微内核应用层的虚拟区域实现非安全关键业务包括:
    在所述微内核操作系统的控制下,通过所述虚拟区域中的虚拟机管理器实现对所述虚拟区域中的虚拟机的管理;
    通过虚拟区域中的主虚拟机实现所述非安全关键业务。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的智能座舱的实现方法,其中,在所述主虚拟机中采用容器技术实现所述非安全关键业务。
  13. 一种智能座舱,包括:
    至少一个处理器;
    存储器,所述存储器上存储有至少一个程序,当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时,实现权利要求1-12任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法。
  14. 一种计算机可读介质,所述计算机可读介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-12任意一项所述的智能座舱的实现方法。
PCT/CN2023/118010 2022-10-08 2023-09-11 智能座舱的实现方法、智能座舱、计算机可读介质 WO2024074090A1 (zh)

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