WO2024067937A1 - Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field - Google Patents
Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024067937A1 WO2024067937A1 PCT/EA2022/050011 EA2022050011W WO2024067937A1 WO 2024067937 A1 WO2024067937 A1 WO 2024067937A1 EA 2022050011 W EA2022050011 W EA 2022050011W WO 2024067937 A1 WO2024067937 A1 WO 2024067937A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- offshore
- production
- gas
- blue
- Prior art date
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001991 steam methane reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009620 Haber process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
- E21B41/0057—Disposal of a fluid by injection into a subterranean formation
- E21B41/0064—Carbon dioxide sequestration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G5/00—Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
Definitions
- the industrial production of ammonia is carried out using synthesis gas containing hydrogen generated in the Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) in the Haber-Bosch process that fixes nitrogen with hydrogen.
- SMR Steam Methane Reforming
- the Haber-Bosch process was developed in the early 1900s by Fritz Haber and was later modified to become an industrial process to make fertilizers by Carl Bosch. In this process a high pressure, 100-200 bars, at temperatures of 400-500°C allows to shift equilibrium in the catalytic reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3 to produce ammonia.
- Typical catalysts used in the reaction are iron or ruthenium.
- the CO:H2 ratio can vary from 1 :1 to 1 :3.
- the cost of ammonia production is greatly reduced using autothermal reforming, originally commercialized by the Danish company Topsoe established by Haldor Topsoe.
- the autothermal reforming process combines homogeneous partial oxidation of methane and SMR to produce syngas with a high CO content, resulting in a higher hydrogen yield and reduced coke formation.
- the so called "blue" ammonia production anticipates capture, separation and sequestration of carbon dioxide formed in the SMR process, resulting in the ammonia cost increase by 20-30%.
- This invention relates to the process of producing "blue” ammonia offshore.
- the facilities required to perform the “blue” ammonia production are placed on floating units or vessels or on the seabed at the site of the natural gas field development.
- CO and CO 2 produced in the SMR process will be separated offshore and injected in a shallow reservoir in the area of the gas field, geologically sequestrated, retained in-situ, or injected into a producing oil reservoir in the area to increase oil recovery.
- Offshore on site “greenhouse” gas sequestration will significantly reduce the cost of decarbonization of ammonia as a product.
- CO 2 can be injected in the wells as compressed gas or as carbonated water, with CO 2 being dissolved in produced water, thereby providing an environmentally closed cycle, without polluting emissions to the sea and atmosphere.
- Figure 1 shows schematically “blue” ammonia production offshore facilities at the site of the natural gas field.
- Production, separation, and injection facilities installed on a floating platform or vessel can be used at different offshore gas fields, stranded or depleted fields, which can have “greenhouse” gases or acid gases in its gas composition.
- Such mobile floating industrial facilities can be used consecutively in several gas field projects moving from one geographical location to another.
- the offshore ammonia production can also be carried out in conjunction with the process of Hydrogen Generation from Hydrocarbons Subterrain (HGHS) described in patents US 8763697, EAPO 021444 and 050009. Air or oxygen injection into the reservoir with oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons allowing to achieve the required temperatures for the conversion of methane to hydrogen when reforming and cracking process catalysts are injected into the reservoir at HGHS process allowing to produce hydrogen in-situ.
- HGHS Hydrogen Generation from Hydrocarbons Subterrain
- Facilities for separation of oxygen and nitrogen from the air, separation of “greenhouse” gases and other unwanted gas components from natural gas and hydrogen can be installed on floating units as well.
- the “blue” ammonia produced at the offshore field which is also one of the most energy efficient liquid carriers of hydrogen, can be easily delivered to the markets for consumption using the existing fleet of commercial ammonia tankers.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to the processes and facilities of "blue" ammonia offshore production with energy generation on site of the offshore natural gas field, with simultaneous separation and geological sequestration of carbon dioxide or its use to enhance oil recovery in the field located in the same area. The offshore facility modules required for ammonia production and utilization of carbon dioxide are implemented in a closed process cycle excluding polluting emissions to the environment.
Description
Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field
The industrial production of ammonia is carried out using synthesis gas containing hydrogen generated in the Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) in the Haber-Bosch process that fixes nitrogen with hydrogen. The Haber-Bosch process was developed in the early 1900s by Fritz Haber and was later modified to become an industrial process to make fertilizers by Carl Bosch. In this process a high pressure, 100-200 bars, at temperatures of 400-500°C allows to shift equilibrium in the catalytic reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3 to produce ammonia. Typical catalysts used in the reaction are iron or ruthenium. Depending on the method of producing synthesis gas, the CO:H2 ratio can vary from 1 :1 to 1 :3. The cost of ammonia production is greatly reduced using autothermal reforming, originally commercialized by the Danish company Topsoe established by Haldor Topsoe. The autothermal reforming process combines homogeneous partial oxidation of methane and SMR to produce syngas with a high CO content, resulting in a higher hydrogen yield and reduced coke formation. The so called "blue" ammonia production anticipates capture, separation and sequestration of carbon dioxide formed in the SMR process, resulting in the ammonia cost increase by 20-30%.
This invention relates to the process of producing "blue" ammonia offshore. The facilities required to perform the “blue” ammonia production are placed on floating units or vessels or on the seabed at the site of the natural gas field development. CO and CO2 produced in the SMR process will be separated offshore and injected in a shallow reservoir in the area of the gas field, geologically sequestrated, retained in-situ, or injected into a producing oil reservoir in the area to increase oil recovery. Offshore on site “greenhouse” gas sequestration will significantly reduce the cost of decarbonization of ammonia as a product.
In the process of ammonia production, there is an excess of heat and steam at various pressures generated in the production cycle. The excess heat is usually exported and used in related industries. When the process is carried out offshore, steam can be used in turbines to drive rotating machines such as synthesis gas compressors, air compressors and water pumps. Thus, together with gas turbines, it is possible to ensure complete energy autonomy of the "blue" ammonia production cycle offshore.
The process of miscible displacement of oil by gas, in the case of CO2 injection in the oilgas field, can give a significant increase of oil recovery. CO2 injected in the oil reservoir after its breakthrough into production wells in such a cycle will be captured, separated, and re-injected back in the injection wells without escaping to the atmosphere.
Wells producing natural gas and wells used for injection and geological sequestration of CO2will have subsea completions on the seabed. CO2 can be injected in the wells as compressed gas or as carbonated water, with CO2 being dissolved in produced water, thereby providing an environmentally closed cycle, without polluting emissions to the sea and atmosphere.
Figure 1 shows schematically “blue” ammonia production offshore facilities at the site of the natural gas field. Production, separation, and injection facilities installed on a floating platform or vessel can be used at different offshore gas fields, stranded or depleted fields, which can have “greenhouse” gases or acid gases in its gas composition. Such mobile floating industrial facilities can be used consecutively in several gas field projects moving from one geographical location to another.
The offshore ammonia production can also be carried out in conjunction with the process of Hydrogen Generation from Hydrocarbons Subterrain (HGHS) described in patents US
8763697, EAPO 021444 and 050009. Air or oxygen injection into the reservoir with oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons allowing to achieve the required temperatures for the conversion of methane to hydrogen when reforming and cracking process catalysts are injected into the reservoir at HGHS process allowing to produce hydrogen in-situ.
Facilities for separation of oxygen and nitrogen from the air, separation of “greenhouse” gases and other unwanted gas components from natural gas and hydrogen can be installed on floating units as well.
Development of the ammonia production technologies achieved a level when industrial processes can be scaled up and implemented in modules with a high level of automation, reducing the required number of maintenance personnel required to work offshore.
The “blue” ammonia produced at the offshore field, which is also one of the most energy efficient liquid carriers of hydrogen, can be easily delivered to the markets for consumption using the existing fleet of commercial ammonia tankers.
Offshore production of “blue” ammonia will allow to protect and preserve the environment, avoid a need to build onshore large-scale production and infrastructure facilities, alienate large land areas, and optimize ammonia transportation and logistic solutions.
Claims
1 . Offshore "blue" ammonia production in an energy saving autonomous process taking place on site of the offshore natural gas field with simultaneous separation of “greenhouse” gases, their injection and geological sequestration in a shallow reservoir in the production area or its injection into a producing oil reservoir to increase oil recovery.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) and autothermal ammonia reforming facilities are installed on mobile floating platforms or vessels to produce synthesis gas and ammonia.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the process of Hydrogen Generation from Hydrocarbons Subterrain (HGHS) is implemented to produce hydrogen in-situ of the gas reservoir using oxygen or air injected to carry out oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons to achieve temperature levels required for conversion of methane into hydrogen with reforming and cracking catalysts placed to the reaction sites.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein facilities for separation of oxygen and nitrogen from the air, separation of “greenhouse” gases and other unwanted gas components from natural gas and hydrogen are installed on floating units as well.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein wells producing natural gas and wells used for injection and geological sequestration of carbon dioxide will have subsea completions on the seabed with carbon dioxide injected as compressed gas or as carbonated water without polluting emissions to the sea and atmosphere in a close offshore production cycle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EA2022/050011 WO2024067937A1 (en) | 2022-10-01 | 2022-10-01 | Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EA2022/050011 WO2024067937A1 (en) | 2022-10-01 | 2022-10-01 | Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024067937A1 true WO2024067937A1 (en) | 2024-04-04 |
Family
ID=90476453
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EA2022/050011 WO2024067937A1 (en) | 2022-10-01 | 2022-10-01 | Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2024067937A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA000650B1 (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1999-12-29 | Ден Норске Статс Ольесельскап А.С. | Method and system for the treatment of a well stream from an offshore oil field |
| WO2021250083A1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method for the production of hydrogen |
| EA202091470A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-31 | Леонид Михайлович Сургучев | PROCESS OF SEPARATION AND PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN GENERATED IN OIL AND GAS FIELDS BY HETEROGENEOUS CATALYTIC CONVERSION, AQUATHERMOLYSIS OR OXIDATION REACTIONS |
| US20220213566A1 (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-07 | Nucor Corporation | Direct reduced iron system and method |
-
2022
- 2022-10-01 WO PCT/EA2022/050011 patent/WO2024067937A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA000650B1 (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1999-12-29 | Ден Норске Статс Ольесельскап А.С. | Method and system for the treatment of a well stream from an offshore oil field |
| WO2021250083A1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method for the production of hydrogen |
| EA202091470A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-31 | Леонид Михайлович Сургучев | PROCESS OF SEPARATION AND PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN GENERATED IN OIL AND GAS FIELDS BY HETEROGENEOUS CATALYTIC CONVERSION, AQUATHERMOLYSIS OR OXIDATION REACTIONS |
| US20220213566A1 (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-07 | Nucor Corporation | Direct reduced iron system and method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ZAGREBELNY E.V. ET AL.: "The decision of the European Union on decarbonization and a new paradigm for the development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia", MATERIALS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE, 31 August 2021 (2021-08-31), Kazan, Ikhlas, pages 13, ISBN: 978-5-907039-53-7, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://expose.gpntbsib.ru/expose/elektronnye-materialy-nauchnyh-meropriyatiy-ran-iyun-2022-g.-70ec1fe5/book/%DO%952022-157027052677> [retrieved on 20230518] * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2537708C (en) | Method for natural gas production | |
| Gaudernack et al. | Hydrogen from natural gas without release of CO2 to the atmosphere | |
| US20140316016A1 (en) | Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Hydrocarbons Via Hydrogenation | |
| US10066834B2 (en) | Sulphur-assisted carbon capture and storage (CCS) processes and systems | |
| US20130305925A1 (en) | Method and system to capture co2 | |
| CN111396010A (en) | Clean energy taking system and method for coal bed gas field | |
| WO2024067937A1 (en) | Production of «blue» ammonia at offshore gas field | |
| Shaya et al. | Introductory Chapter: An Outline of Carbon Dioxide Chemistry, Uses and Technology | |
| CN114772551B (en) | Method and system for efficiently utilizing methane-rich gas | |
| Bassani et al. | H2S in geothermal power plants: from waste to additional resource for energy and environment | |
| EA042341B1 (en) | PRODUCTION OF "BLUE" AMMONIA AT THE OFFSHORE NATURAL GAS FIELD | |
| CN113818842A (en) | Shale gas high-efficiency exploitation, low-temperature hydrogen production and waste gas utilization integrated method | |
| JP2006045128A (en) | Method for decomposing methane hydrate and apparatus for decomposing the same | |
| US8658705B2 (en) | Carbon oxides removal | |
| KR20230022859A (en) | How to produce hydrogen | |
| AU2013280860B2 (en) | Converting carbon oxides in gas phase fluids | |
| US20230160080A1 (en) | Methods of forming aqueous urea utilizing carbon dioxide captured from exhaust gas at wellsite | |
| CN110541690A (en) | method for improving recovery ratio by decarbonization of natural gas at gas field wellhead and CO2 reinjection | |
| US20230332491A1 (en) | Methods of Continuously Capturing Carbon Dioxide from Exhaust Gas Produced from Equipment Operating at Wellsite | |
| US20230340868A1 (en) | Methods and Apparatus for Offshore Power Generation and Ammonia Production | |
| CN113586014B (en) | Natural gas hydrate exploitation method and device based on heat pipe technology | |
| US11072536B2 (en) | Method and process of producing ammonia from methane hydrate | |
| US20230160293A1 (en) | Conversion of carbon dioxide captured from fracturing operation to formic acid used in fracturing fluid | |
| US11912573B1 (en) | Molten-salt mediated thermochemical reactions using geothermal energy | |
| US11933144B2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for offshore power generation from a gas reservoir |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22960718 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |