WO2024067738A1

WO2024067738A1 - Electronically controlled fuel injector and internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: WO2024067738A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/122200
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董晓露; 徐建新; 金江善; 罗岩; 杨博耀
Original assignee: 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所
Priority date: 2022-09-28
Filing date: 2023-09-27
Publication date: 2024-04-04
Also published as: CN217926124U

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an electronically controlled fuel injector and an internal combustion engine. The electrically controlled fuel injector comprises: an injection valve assembly, which comprises a first body and an injection valve, wherein the injection valve is used for opening or closing a fuel injection hole of the electrically controlled fuel injector; a pilot valve assembly, which comprises a second body and a pilot valve, wherein the pilot valve is connected to the injection valve assembly at a first end of the injection valve assembly; an electromagnetic valve assembly, which comprises an electromagnet and an armature connected to the electromagnet, wherein the armature of the electromagnetic valve assembly is connected to the pilot valve assembly at a first end of the pilot valve assembly; and a mounting block body, which is internally provided with a guide hole, wherein the guide hole accommodates the armature and guides the movement of the armature. The technical solution of the present application has the advantages of a compact arrangement, easy miniaturization and low manufacturing costs.

Description

Electronic fuel injector and internal combustion engine

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of internal combustion engines, and in particular to an electronically controlled fuel injector and an internal combustion engine.

Background technique

The electronic fuel injector is the injection actuator of the fuel system of the direct injection internal combustion engine, which realizes the timed and quantitative injection of fuel according to the control signal. The electronic fuel injector is generally installed in the engine cylinder, and its structural size is limited by the cylinder size, especially the small-bore engine has a high requirement for the miniaturization of the fuel injector.

The current electronic fuel injector consists of solenoid valve assembly, fuel injector body, pilot valve assembly, injection valve assembly, fastening nut and other parts. The solenoid valve assembly is the pilot control element of the fuel injector. In the existing electronic fuel injector product layout, there is a solution in which the solenoid valve assembly is built into the fuel injector body or placed on the top of the fuel injector body.

However, built-in or top-mounted solutions need to be improved.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide an electronically controlled fuel injector.

Another object of the present application is to provide an internal combustion engine.

According to one aspect of the present application, an electronically controlled fuel injector comprises: an injection valve assembly, comprising a first body and an injection valve, for opening or closing a fuel injection hole of the electronically controlled fuel injector; a pilot valve assembly, comprising a second body and a pilot valve, wherein the pilot valve assembly and the injection valve assembly are connected at a first end of the injection valve assembly; an electromagnetic valve assembly, comprising an electromagnet and an armature connected thereto, wherein the armature of the electromagnetic valve assembly and the pilot valve assembly are connected at the first end of the pilot valve assembly; and a mounting block, wherein a guide hole is formed in the mounting block, wherein the guide hole accommodates the armature, and wherein the guide hole provides guidance for the movement of the armature.

The technical solution of the present application, based on the advantages of compact arrangement and easy miniaturization of the technical solution of adopting an overhead solenoid valve assembly, eliminates the separate guide body parts by setting a guide hole structure in the mounting block of the solenoid valve assembly, integrates the guide body, and reduces the complex high-pressure sealing structure between the guide body and the injector body. By guiding the armature through the guide hole, the separation of the upper and lower high-pressure seals can be achieved by appropriately lengthening the armature rod. The high-pressure sealing structure of the injector body is an outward convex plane, which avoids the disadvantage that the injector body needs to be machined with an inward concave high-pressure plane when a separate guide body structure is adopted, and reduces the addition of the high-pressure plane. The difficulty of processing is reduced, and the problems of high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost of the existing overhead solenoid valve components are overcome.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the mounting block includes a accommodating chamber, the accommodating chamber is located at the first end of the guide hole and is connected thereto, the armature includes a guide portion and a connecting portion connected to the first end of the guide portion, the guide portion is accommodated in the guide hole, the connecting portion is located in the accommodating chamber and is connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is also accommodated in the accommodating chamber.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the electronically controlled fuel injector further comprises a pressing sleeve, wherein the pressing sleeve presses and fixes the electromagnet to the accommodating chamber at a first end of the accommodating chamber.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the electronically controlled fuel injector further comprises a wiring plug, the wiring plug is located at the first end of the compression sleeve or at the mounting block, and a wire is connected from the electromagnet to the wiring plug.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the wiring plug is located at the first end of the compression sleeve, and the electronically controlled fuel injector also includes a transition block, which is located at the first end of the compression sleeve, and the wiring plug is located at the transition block.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, a disc spring is fixedly connected to the first end of the electromagnet.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the outer edges of the first body, the second body and the mounting block have the same size, and the three are connected by a fastening nut.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the oil inlet of the oil circuit of the electronically controlled fuel injector is located at the outer edge of the mounting block, extends inside the mounting block, the second body and the first body to form a main path, extends from the main path in the second body to the pilot valve to form a first branch, and extends from the main path in the first body to the injection valve to form a second branch.

In one or more embodiments of the electronically controlled fuel injector, the main path of the oil circuit is located on the same side of the injection valve, the pilot valve and the guide hole.

An internal combustion engine according to a second aspect of the present application comprises the electronically controlled fuel injector and a cylinder as described in the first aspect, wherein the electronically controlled fuel injector is arranged in the cylinder and can directly inject fuel into the cylinder.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always represent the same features. It should be noted that these drawings are only examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be used to limit the actual scope of protection claimed in this application, among which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronically controlled fuel injector according to an embodiment.

Reference numerals:

100-electronic fuel injector, 101-fuel injection hole, 102-oil circuit, 1020-main circuit, 1021-first branch circuit, 1022-second branch circuit;

1-injection valve assembly, 11-first body, 12-injection valve;

2-pilot valve assembly, 21-second body, 22-pilot valve;

3- electromagnetic valve assembly, 31- electromagnet, 32- armature, 321- guide part, 322- connecting part;

4-mounting block, 41-guide hole, 42-accommodating chamber;

5-pressing sleeve, 51-butterfly spring;

6-wiring plug, 61-wire;

7- Transition block;

8-Tighten the nut.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention

Now will refer to each embodiment of the application in detail, the examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings and are described as follows. Although the application will be described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments, it should be appreciated that this specification is not intended to limit the application to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the application is intended to not only cover these exemplary embodiments, but also to cover various alternative forms, modified forms, equivalent forms and other embodiments that can be included in the spirit and scope of the application defined by the appended claims.

At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment" and/or "an embodiment" means a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

Regarding the existing technical solutions of built-in solenoid valve components, the inventors found that if a fuel injector with a built-in solenoid valve is used, under high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure injection conditions, the unbalanced pilot control element of the electronic fuel injector has a large demand for electromagnetic force, which makes it difficult to miniaturize the size of the solenoid valve, thereby limiting the electronic control of the built-in solenoid valve. The size of the fuel injector is further reduced; while the fuel injector using a balanced valve pilot valve has a smaller demand for electromagnetic force, the miniaturization of the solenoid valve itself has high process requirements and high processing and manufacturing costs. On the other hand, the solenoid valve built into the fuel injector body limits the height of the fuel injector inlet, which brings certain difficulties to the structural arrangement of the fuel injector inlet. In addition, the solenoid valve and the internal parts of the fuel injector are connected in series, and are ultimately locked by the tightening nut, which requires high torque control for tightening the nut. In addition, the solenoid valve built into the fuel injector body makes the outlet structure of the electromagnet assembly more complicated, which increases the difficulty of outlet, and is not conducive to reducing the cost of the fuel injector.

Regarding the technical solution of the existing overhead solenoid valve assembly, the inventors found that: since the armature assembly of the solenoid valve usually has a guide body structure, and there is a complex high-pressure sealing structure between the internal components of the injector, high requirements are placed on the processing technology, which increases the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost.

Based on this, the inventor of the present application has invented an electronically controlled fuel injector after in-depth research. On the basis of the advantages of compact layout and easy miniaturization of the technical solution of adopting an overhead solenoid valve assembly, a guide hole structure is set in the mounting block of the solenoid valve assembly, thereby eliminating the separate guide body parts, integrating the guide body, and reducing the complex high-pressure sealing structure between the guide body and the injector body. By guiding the armature through the guide hole, the separation of the upper and lower high and low pressure seals can be achieved by appropriately lengthening the armature rod. The high-pressure sealing structure of the injector body is an outward convex plane, which avoids the need to process an inward concave high-pressure plane of the injector body when a separate guide body structure is adopted, reduces the difficulty of processing the high-pressure plane, and overcomes the problems of high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost of the existing overhead solenoid valve assembly.

Although the electronic fuel injector disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is an electronic fuel injector for direct injection in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine as an example, the electronic fuel injector is arranged in the cylinder and can directly inject fuel into the cylinder, achieving the effects of compact arrangement, easy miniaturization and reduced manufacturing cost. However, this is not limited to this, for example, it can also be used in other equipment that needs to inject fuel, as long as the electronic fuel injector disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be applied.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 includes a fuel injection valve assembly 1, a pilot valve assembly 2, a solenoid valve assembly 3, and a mounting block 4. The fuel injection valve assembly 1 includes a first body 11 and a fuel injection valve 12, which are used to open or close the fuel injection hole 101 of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100. The pilot valve assembly 2 includes a second body 21 and a pilot valve 22, and the pilot valve assembly 2 is connected to the fuel injection valve assembly 1 at the first end of the fuel injection valve assembly 1. The solenoid valve assembly 3 includes an electromagnet 31 and an armature 32 connected thereto, and the armature 32 of the solenoid valve assembly 3 is connected to the pilot valve assembly 2 at the first end of the pilot valve assembly 2; and a mounting block 4, in which a guide hole 41 is opened, and the guide hole 41 accommodates the armature 32, and the guide hole 41 provides guidance for the movement of the armature 32.

The injection valve 12 is a valve that controls the direct injection of fuel from the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the injection valve 12 cooperates with the fuel injection hole 101 of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 to control the opening or closing of the fuel injection hole 101 .

The structure of the pilot valve 22 may be a ball valve as shown in FIG. 1 , but is not limited thereto and may also be other common valve structures.

The "first end" here and below is generally the top end shown in Figure 1, but it does not limit the installation method of the electronic fuel injector 100 to be placed vertically. For example, in some cases, the cylinder may be placed horizontally, and the electronic fuel injector 100 may also be placed horizontally at this time, and the "first end" is a horizontal end, such as the left end or the right end.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above embodiment is that, on the basis of the advantages of compact arrangement and easy miniaturization of the technical solution of the overhead solenoid valve assembly 3, by setting the structure of the guide hole 41 in the mounting block 4 of the solenoid valve assembly 3, the separate guide body parts in the prior art are eliminated, the guide body is integrated, and the complex high-pressure sealing structure between the guide body and the injector body is reduced. By guiding the armature 32 by the guide hole 41, the separation of the upper and lower high-pressure seals can be achieved by appropriately lengthening the armature rod. The high-pressure sealing structure of the injector body is an outward convex plane, which avoids the need to process the inward concave high-pressure plane of the injector body when a separate guide body structure is adopted, reduces the difficulty of processing the high-pressure plane, and overcomes the problems of the existing overhead solenoid valve assembly 3 with high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the specific structure of the mounting block 4 may be that the mounting block 4 includes a housing chamber 42, the housing chamber 42 is located at the first end of the guide hole 41 and communicates with the housing chamber 42, the armature 32 includes a guide portion 321 and a connecting portion 322 connected to the first end of the guide portion 321, the guide portion 321 is accommodated in the guide hole 41, the connecting portion 322 is located in the housing chamber 42 and connected to the electromagnet 31, and the electromagnet 31 is also accommodated in the housing chamber 42. The beneficial effect of adopting the structure of the above embodiment is that the mounting block 4 can provide a guide hole for guiding the armature and a housing space for the solenoid valve assembly 3, so that the structure of the injector 100 is further compact. It can be understood that the structure of the mounting block 4 is not limited to the structure described above and shown in FIG. 1 , for example, it may only have a guide hole 41 and a corresponding body structure, and the solenoid valve assembly 31 is directly arranged on the mounting block, which is not limited to this.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , in one or more embodiments, the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 may further include a compression sleeve 5, which compresses and fixes the electromagnet 31 in the accommodating chamber 42 at the first end of the accommodating chamber 42. As shown in FIG. 1 , the compression sleeve 5 is disposed on the electromagnet 31. In this way, the electromagnet 31 can be more reliably installed. The electronic fuel injector 100 is installed and fixed, so that the reliability is good, and it is particularly suitable for the high temperature, high pressure and vibration working environment of the direct injection internal combustion engine.

Preferably, the first end of the electromagnet 31 is fastened with a disc spring 51. The disc spring 51 is located in the internal space defined by the pressing sleeve 5, and the pressing sleeve 5 and the electromagnet 31 are fastened by the pre-tightening force of the disc spring 51. The beneficial effect of this is that the inventor has found in practice that compared with the structure of the prior art that uses nuts for fastening, which has higher requirements for torque control, the pre-tightening of the disc spring 51 only requires the selection of a suitable gasket, and the assembly control is simple, reliable, and low-cost.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the structure of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 may further include a wiring plug 6, which is located at the first end of the compression sleeve 5, and a wire 61 is connected from the electromagnet 31 to the wiring plug 6. In addition to the wiring plug 6 shown in FIG. 1 being located at the first end of the compression sleeve 5, an installation position may also be set on the mounting block 4 to install the wiring plug 6. The outlet of the electromagnet 31 is connected to an independently fastened plug through a soft wire 61, and the wiring plug 6 is located at the first end of the compression sleeve 5 or at the mounting block 4, so that external wiring and vibration do not affect the fastening of the electromagnet itself, and the operation is reliable and the adaptability to the vibration environment is better. In addition, this also overcomes the disadvantages of the electromagnet assembly's complicated outlet structure caused by the built-in structure in the prior art, which increases the difficulty of outlet and is not conducive to reducing the cost of the fuel injector.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , preferably, the structure in which the wiring plug 6 is located at the first end of the compression sleeve 5 may be that the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 shown in FIG. 1 further includes a transition block 7, the transition block 7 is located at the first end of the compression sleeve 5, and the wiring plug 6 is located at the transition block 7 for fastening. The structure in which the wiring plug 6 is installed using the transition block 7 has good stability, and further optimizes reliability and adaptability to vibration environments.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the structure of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 may be that the outer edge dimensions of the first body 11, the second body 21 and the mounting block 4 are the same, and the three are connected by a fastening nut 8. That is, the first body 11, the second body 21 and the mounting block 4 are manufactured separately and then assembled. This makes the manufacture of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 relatively simple. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the first body 11, the second body 21 and the mounting block 4 do not exclude the possibility of being manufactured in one piece, for example, by an additive manufacturing method. The assembly process of the electronically controlled fuel injector 100 may be that the fastening nut 8 fastens the injection valve assembly 1 and the pilot valve assembly 2 to the lower end of the mounting block 4 in sequence, the electromagnet 31 is located in the accommodating chamber 42 at the first end of the fuel injector mounting block 4, and the armature 32 cooperates with the guide hole 41 for guidance, the solenoid valve assembly 3 is built into the upper end hole of the fuel injector, and is fastened to the top of the mounting block 4 by the pressing sleeve 5, and the wiring plug 6 is located at the top of the pressing sleeve 5. The beneficial effect of adopting the above embodiment is that the electronically controlled fuel injector The processing and assembly process of the oiler 100 is simple, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the oil inlet of the oil circuit 102 of the electronic fuel injector 100 is located at the outer edge of the mounting block 4, and extends inside the mounting block 4, the second body 21, and the first body 11 to form a main circuit 1020, extending from the main circuit 1020 in the second body 21 to the pilot valve 22 to form a first branch 1021, and extending from the main circuit 1020 in the first body 11 to the injection valve 12 to form a second branch 1022. The meanings of the main circuit and branch here are similar to those in the art, and the branch is an oil circuit extending from the main circuit. The fuel flows from the main circuit 1020, flows to the pilot valve 22 through the first branch 1021, and flows to the injection valve 12 through the second branch 1022. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 , the main path 1020 of the oil circuit 102 is located on the same side of the injection valve 12, the pilot valve 22 and the guide hole 41. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , they are all located on the right side, that is, a lateral oil circuit arrangement is adopted. The arrangement scheme is more flexible and is conducive to further miniaturization of the injector.

Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

An electronically controlled fuel injector (100), characterized by comprising:

An injection valve assembly (1) comprises a first body (11) and an injection valve (12), and is used to open or close an injection hole (101) of the electronically controlled fuel injector (100);

A pilot valve assembly (2) comprising a second body (21) and a pilot valve (22), wherein the pilot valve assembly (2) is connected to the injection valve assembly (1) at a first end of the injection valve assembly (1);

A solenoid valve assembly (3), comprising an electromagnet (31) and an armature (32) connected thereto, wherein the armature (32) of the solenoid valve assembly (3) is connected to the pilot valve assembly (2) at a first end of the pilot valve assembly (2);

A mounting block (4) is provided with a guide hole (41) in the mounting block (4), the guide hole (41) accommodates the armature (32), and the guide hole (41) provides guidance for the movement of the armature (32).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the mounting block (4) includes a accommodating chamber (42), the accommodating chamber (42) is located at the first end of the guide hole (41) and is connected thereto, the armature (32) includes a guide portion (321) and a connecting portion (322) connected to the first end of the guide portion (321), the guide portion (321) is accommodated in the guide hole (41), the connecting portion (322) is located in the accommodating chamber (42) and is connected to the electromagnet (31), and the electromagnet (31) is also accommodated in the accommodating chamber (42).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 2 is characterized in that the electronically controlled fuel injector (100) further comprises a pressing sleeve (5), wherein the pressing sleeve (5) presses and fixes the electromagnet (31) in the accommodating chamber (42) at a first end of the accommodating chamber (42).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the electronically controlled fuel injector (100) further comprises a wiring plug (6), wherein the wiring plug (6) is located at the first end of the pressing sleeve (5) or at the mounting block (4), and a wire (61) is connected from the electromagnet (31) to the wiring plug (6).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 4 is characterized in that the wiring plug (6) is located at the first end of the pressing sleeve (5), and the electronically controlled fuel injector (100) further includes a transition block (7), the transition block (7) is located at the first end of the pressing sleeve (5), and the wiring plug (6) is located at the transition block (7).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that a disc spring (51) is fixedly connected to the first end of the electromagnet (31).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 1 is characterized in that the outer edges of the first body (11), the second body (21) and the mounting block (4) have the same size and are connected by a fastening nut (8).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 1 is characterized in that the oil The oil inlet of the road (102) is located at the outer edge of the mounting block (4), and extends inside the mounting block (4), the second body (21) and the first body (11) to form a main road (1020), extending from the main road (1020) in the second body (21) to the pilot valve (22), forming a first branch road (1021), and extending from the main road (1020) in the first body (11) to the injection valve (12), forming a second branch road (1022).
The electronically controlled fuel injector (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the main path (1020) of the oil path (102) is located on the same side of the injection valve (12), the pilot valve (22) and the guide hole (41).
An internal combustion engine, characterized in that it comprises an electronically controlled fuel injector (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and a cylinder, wherein the electronically controlled fuel injector (100) is arranged in the cylinder and can directly inject fuel into the cylinder.