WO2024066612A1 - 虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置 - Google Patents

虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024066612A1
WO2024066612A1 PCT/CN2023/104880 CN2023104880W WO2024066612A1 WO 2024066612 A1 WO2024066612 A1 WO 2024066612A1 CN 2023104880 W CN2023104880 W CN 2023104880W WO 2024066612 A1 WO2024066612 A1 WO 2024066612A1
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Prior art keywords
storage
pool
time period
virtual instance
performance
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PCT/CN2023/104880
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴佳熙
井淑明
曾永强
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华为云计算技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024066612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024066612A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0662—Virtualisation aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/067—Distributed or networked storage systems, e.g. storage area networks [SAN], network attached storage [NAS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
    • G06F9/5005—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request
    • G06F9/5011—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of block storage technology, and in particular to a storage resource management method and device for a virtual instance.
  • cloud service providers usually require users to choose from products with fixed specifications.
  • cloud service providers provide users with a variety of virtual instances with fixed specifications. Each virtual instance creates a storage volume with fixed capacity and fixed bandwidth performance in the corresponding storage pool. Users choose the product that suits their business from these virtual instances with fixed specifications.
  • users After purchasing a virtual instance of a certain specification, users usually have two optional billing modes. One is the annual/monthly billing mode, which means that regardless of the actual usage, the user must pay the agreed price. The other is the pay-as-you-go billing mode, which is a more refined post-payment management mode. For example, the user is charged by the second and settled by the hour. If the usage is less than one hour, the actual usage time will be used as the basis.
  • the annual/monthly billing mode which means that regardless of the actual usage, the user must pay the agreed price.
  • the other is the pay-as-you-go billing mode, which is a more refined post-payment management mode. For example, the user is charged by the second and settled by the hour. If the usage is less than one hour, the actual usage time will be used as the basis.
  • the present application provides a storage resource management method and device for a virtual instance, which can solve the problem of low overall utilization of storage resources currently provided by cloud service providers.
  • a storage resource management method for a virtual instance includes: a cloud platform obtains a first storage business demand of a virtual instance within a first time period.
  • the first storage business demand includes a first storage performance demand and a first physical capacity demand.
  • the virtual instance is configured to be able to call storage resources of multiple storage pools.
  • Each storage pool is composed of a storage medium.
  • the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media.
  • the cloud platform creates a first storage volume in a first storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the first storage business demand.
  • the first storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance within the first time period.
  • the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance demand, and the free storage resources of the first storage pool meet the first physical capacity demand.
  • the cloud platform provides corresponding storage resources according to the actual storage business needs of virtual instances at different times, which can reduce the waste of storage resources and make full use of cloud storage resources.
  • the cloud platform comprehensively considers the storage business needs of virtual instances and the idle storage resources of storage media of various performances, and comprehensively considers both demand and supply. While providing users with services that meet their storage business needs and achieve cost advantages, it helps cloud service providers to achieve the maximum optimization of storage resources.
  • the cloud platform creates a first storage volume in a first storage pool among multiple storage pools according to a first storage business requirement, including: the cloud platform determines a first type of storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of the multiple storage pools.
  • the first type of storage pool includes one or more storage pools among the multiple storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement.
  • the cloud platform determines a storage pool in the first type of storage pool whose idle storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement as the first storage pool.
  • the cloud platform gives priority to selecting a storage pool whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement to create a storage volume for use by the virtual instance in the first time period.
  • resource performance waste is minimized, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the cloud platform determines a second type of storage pool from the multiple storage pools based on the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of the multiple storage pools.
  • the second type of storage pool includes one or more storage pools whose storage performance is lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement among the multiple storage pools.
  • the cloud platform determines a storage pool in the second type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement as the first storage pool.
  • the cloud platform selects the storage pool with lower storage performance and closest to the storage pool.
  • the storage pool close to the first storage performance requirement is used to create a storage volume for the virtual instance to use in the first period.
  • the user's storage performance requirements are met as much as possible to achieve flexible allocation of storage resources.
  • the first storage performance requirement includes a storage bandwidth requirement
  • the storage performance of the storage pool is not lower than the first storage performance requirement, including: the available storage bandwidth of the storage pool is not lower than the storage bandwidth requirement.
  • the cloud platform also obtains a second storage business demand of the virtual instance in a second time period.
  • the second storage business demand includes a second storage performance demand and a second physical capacity demand.
  • the second time period is different from the first time period.
  • the cloud platform creates a second storage volume in a second storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the second storage business demand.
  • the second storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in the second time period.
  • the storage performance of the second storage pool matches the second storage performance demand, and the free storage resources of the second storage pool meet the second physical capacity demand.
  • the cloud platform can flexibly adjust the storage pools used by virtual instances in different time periods according to changes in the user's storage business needs. For example, if the user's storage performance requirements change, the cloud platform can replace the storage pool used by the virtual instance to adjust the storage medium used by the virtual instance. For another example, if the user's physical capacity requirements increase, and the idle storage resources of the original storage pool cannot meet the increased physical capacity requirements, the cloud platform can replace the storage pool used by the virtual instance, and use a storage pool with more idle storage resources to provide sufficient storage resources to the virtual instance.
  • the present application enables the storage volumes used by virtual instances in different time periods to always match the storage business requirements of the time period, while trying to meet the user's storage business needs, reducing the waste of storage resources, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the second period is the next period of the first period, and the second storage pool is different from the first storage pool.
  • the cloud platform creates the second storage volume in the second storage pool among the multiple storage pools, the storage data in the first storage volume can be migrated to the second storage volume.
  • the cloud platform controls the automatic migration of the storage data of the virtual instance.
  • the entire migration process does not require user participation, that is, the user is unaware and the user experience is better.
  • the cloud platform determines the charging price of the virtual instance in the first period according to the storage medium type of the first storage pool, the physical capacity of the first storage volume, and the duration of the first period. Furthermore, the cloud platform determines the charging price of the virtual instance in the second period according to the storage medium type of the second storage pool, the physical capacity of the second storage volume, and the duration of the second period.
  • the cloud platform charges virtual instances by time period, and determines the charging price for the time period based on the storage resources actually used by the virtual instance in a time period. Since the charges for each time period match the storage resources actually used by the virtual instance, the situation where the storage resources occupied by the virtual instance are much higher than the storage resources actually used is avoided. Since less physical capacity is required when using storage resources on demand, the hourly charging price for virtual instances using the same storage medium in this application will be lower than that for virtual instances that simply use one storage medium.
  • the storage medium used by the virtual instance in different time periods always matches the storage performance of the time period, the situation where the performance of the storage resources occupied by the virtual instance is much higher than the actual storage performance requirements is avoided, the virtual instance is charged by time period, which means that refined performance-based charging is achieved.
  • This application improves the charging flexibility for virtual instances, and can minimize the user's usage costs while trying to meet the user's storage business needs.
  • an implementation method for the cloud platform to obtain the first storage business demand of the virtual instance in the first time period includes: the cloud platform determines the first storage business demand based on the storage business volume change trend of the virtual instance in the third time period, and the third time period is the previous time period of the first time period.
  • the cloud platform stores correspondences between virtual instances and storage service requirements in multiple time periods.
  • Another implementation method for the cloud platform to obtain the first storage service requirement of the virtual instance in the first time period includes: the cloud platform determines the first storage service requirement corresponding to the virtual instance in the first time period according to the correspondence.
  • the cloud platform can customize the virtual instances on the user side, that is, the cloud platform can provide corresponding storage performance for the virtual instances purchased by the user in different time periods according to the storage business needs specified by the user.
  • a storage resource management device for a virtual instance.
  • the device includes: an acquisition module, which is used to acquire a first storage business demand of the virtual instance in a first time period, the first storage business demand includes a first storage performance demand and a first physical capacity demand, and the virtual instance is configured to be able to call storage resources of multiple storage pools, each storage pool is composed of a storage medium, and the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media.
  • a creation module is used to create a first storage volume in a first storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the first storage business demand, the first storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in the first time period, the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance demand, and the free storage resources of the first storage pool meet the first physical capacity demand.
  • a module is created, specifically used to: determine a first type of storage pool from multiple storage pools according to the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of multiple storage pools, the first type of storage pool including one or more storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement among the multiple storage pools; when there is a storage pool with idle storage resources in the first type of storage pool that meets the first physical capacity requirement, the idle storage resources in the first type of storage pool are allocated to the storage pool; A storage pool whose storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement is determined as the first storage pool.
  • the creation module is also used to: when there is no storage pool in the first category of storage pools whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement, determine a second category of storage pools from multiple storage pools based on the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of multiple storage pools, the second category of storage pools including one or more storage pools among the multiple storage pools whose storage performance is lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement; and determine a storage pool in the second category of storage pools whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement as the first storage pool.
  • the first storage performance requirement includes a storage bandwidth requirement
  • the storage performance of the storage pool is not lower than the first storage performance requirement, including: the available storage bandwidth of the storage pool is not lower than the storage bandwidth requirement.
  • the acquisition module is further used to acquire a second storage business demand of the virtual instance in a second time period, the second storage business demand includes a second storage performance demand and a second physical capacity demand, and the second time period is different from the first time period.
  • the creation module is further used to create a second storage volume in a second storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the second storage business demand, the second storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in the second time period, the storage performance of the second storage pool matches the second storage performance demand, and the free storage resources of the second storage pool meet the second physical capacity demand.
  • the second time period is the next time period of the first time period
  • the second storage pool is different from the first storage pool
  • the device further includes: a migration module for migrating storage data in the first storage volume to the second storage volume after creating a second storage volume in a second storage pool among the multiple storage pools.
  • the device also includes: a determination module, used to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the first time period based on the storage medium type of the first storage pool, the physical capacity of the first storage volume and the length of the first time period, and to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the second time period based on the storage medium type of the second storage pool, the physical capacity of the second storage volume and the length of the second time period.
  • a determination module used to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the first time period based on the storage medium type of the first storage pool, the physical capacity of the first storage volume and the length of the first time period, and to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the second time period based on the storage medium type of the second storage pool, the physical capacity of the second storage volume and the length of the second time period.
  • the acquisition module is specifically used to determine the first storage service demand according to a storage service volume change trend of the virtual instance in a third time period, and the third time period is a previous time period of the first time period.
  • the acquisition module is specifically configured to determine a first storage service demand corresponding to the virtual instance in the first time period according to pre-stored correspondences between virtual instances and storage service demands in multiple time periods.
  • a cloud platform including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions, and the processor runs the program instructions to execute the method in the above-mentioned first aspect and its various embodiments.
  • a computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions, which, when executed on a computer device, causes the computer device to execute the method in the above-mentioned first aspect and its various embodiments.
  • a computer program product is provided.
  • the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer executes the method in the above-mentioned first aspect and its various embodiments.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scenario involved in a storage resource management method for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a storage resource management method for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a sales interface of a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of performance changes of a virtual instance at different time periods provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a storage resource management device for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another storage resource management device for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another storage resource management device for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a cloud platform provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Virtual instance A virtual instance runs on the operating system of a physical server, and the virtual instance itself is equipped with an operating system.
  • the operating system of the virtual instance runs applications.
  • the virtual instance can use the hardware resources of the physical server, and different virtual instances are isolated from each other. Examples include virtual machines or containers. Users purchase virtual instances to meet their various application needs, such as database services.
  • Storage volume A unit that is scheduled during block storage, usually referring to a logical volume, which is composed of physical blocks in a storage pool.
  • the performance indicators of a storage volume include, but are not limited to, the maximum input/output per second (IOPS) of a single disk (i.e., the maximum number of reads and writes per second of a single disk), the maximum throughput of a single disk, or the read and write latency.
  • Storage volumes are used to allocate storage resources of a storage pool to virtual instances.
  • Storage pool storage space composed of hard disks or magnetic disks in the process of block storage.
  • the storage pool is used to virtualize the hardware resources of the physical server into storage resources.
  • a storage pool is composed of a storage medium.
  • Storage pools of different media have different performances. For example, the storage pools are sorted from low to high according to performance, including serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) hard disks (also known as serial port hard disks), serial attached small computer system interface (serial attached SCSI) (abbreviated as: SAS) hard disks, solid state disks (SSDs), etc.
  • SATA serial advanced technology attachment
  • SAS serial attached small computer system interface
  • SSDs solid state disks
  • Service Level Agreement is a formal contract between a service provider and a user. SLA specifies the service indicators agreed upon between the service provider and the user receiving the service, including but not limited to quality of service (QoS), availability or liability.
  • QoS quality of service
  • cloud service providers provide users with multiple virtual instances of fixed specifications. Each virtual instance creates a storage volume with fixed capacity and fixed bandwidth performance in the corresponding storage pool. Users choose products suitable for their business from these virtual instances of fixed specifications.
  • a cloud service provider provides three virtual instances of specifications. One virtual instance is configured to call SATA media, another virtual instance is configured to call SAS media, and another virtual instance is configured to call SSD media. Virtual instances configured to call SATA media can only use storage volumes created in SATA storage pools. Virtual instances configured to call SAS media can only use storage volumes created in SAS storage pools. Virtual instances configured to call SSD media can only use storage volumes created in SSD storage pools.
  • users can only choose to purchase one of the three virtual instances.
  • users After purchasing a virtual instance of a certain specification, users usually have two optional billing modes.
  • One is the annual/monthly billing mode, in which users must pay according to the agreed price regardless of their actual usage.
  • the other is the Pay-As-You-Go model, which is a more refined post-payment management model. For example, billing is by the second, settlement is by the hour, and the actual usage time is used for less than one hour.
  • the cloud platform can create a storage volume in the SAS storage pool for the virtual instance to use.
  • the granularity of the billing model is relatively coarse, and the fees paid by users are usually higher than their actual needs. If users choose the annual/monthly billing model, sometimes resources are idle and waste resources. In addition, even if the resources are idle, users still need to pay fees, and the cost of using the product is high. If users choose the pay-as-you-go billing model, since the performance of the purchased product is generally higher than their actual performance requirements, users will also pay more fees, and there will be a waste of resource performance.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a salable virtual instance, which is configured to be able to call storage resources from multiple storage pools.
  • Each of the multiple storage pools is composed of a storage medium, and the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media. That is, the virtual instance provided by the embodiment of the present application is able to call storage resources from different storage media.
  • the cloud platform After the user purchases the virtual instance, the cloud platform provides the virtual instance with storage resources that match its storage business needs within a period of time based on the storage business needs of the virtual instance within the period of time. Storage business needs include storage performance requirements and physical capacity requirements.
  • the cloud platform According to the storage business needs of the virtual instance in a future period of time, a storage pool whose storage performance matches the storage performance needs of the virtual instance in the period of time and whose idle storage resources meet the physical capacity needs in the period of time is selected from multiple storage pools to create a storage volume, and the storage volume is used for the virtual instance to use in the period of time.
  • the embodiment of the present application can better adapt to the actual needs of users by providing users with a richer product selection on the block storage service.
  • the cloud platform provides corresponding storage resources according to the actual storage business needs of the virtual instance in different periods of time, which can reduce the waste of storage resources and make full use of cloud storage resources.
  • the cloud platform comprehensively considers the storage business needs of the virtual instance and the idle storage resources of storage media of various performances, and comprehensively considers both demand and supply, it helps cloud service providers to optimize the use of storage resources to the greatest extent while providing users with services that meet their storage business needs and achieve cost advantages.
  • the storage volumes available for the virtual instance provided in the embodiment of the present application are no longer storage volumes with fixed bandwidth performance and fixed capacity created in advance in a fixed storage pool.
  • the storage volumes available for the virtual instance are flexible and changeable.
  • the virtual instance can use storage volumes created in storage pools of different storage media at different time periods, that is, the virtual instance can realize flexible migration of storage pools of different storage media, thereby obtaining different storage performances.
  • the storage volume capacity can also be flexibly adjusted according to the actual storage business volume of the virtual instance.
  • the storage performance of the virtual instance provided in the embodiment of the present application is a range.
  • the cloud service provider can promise the minimum storage performance and the maximum storage performance, wherein the minimum storage performance and the maximum storage performance are provided by different storage media, respectively.
  • the virtual instance is configured to be able to call the storage resources of the SAS storage pool and the storage resources of the SSD storage pool
  • the minimum storage performance of the virtual instance is provided by the SAS storage pool
  • the maximum storage performance of the virtual instance is provided by the SSD storage pool, that is, the storage resources with the lowest storage performance allocated by the cloud platform to the virtual instance come from the SAS storage pool
  • the storage resources with the highest storage performance allocated to the virtual instance come from the SSD storage pool.
  • the cloud service provider can promise in the SLA that the performance attributes of the virtual instance are at least the performance that the SAS storage pool can provide, and at most the performance that the SSD storage pool can provide.
  • the virtual instance provided in the embodiment of the present application may be named as a flexible cloud hard disk. Since the storage performance of the virtual instance is flexible and variable, the SLA of the virtual instance may also be considered to be flexible and variable.
  • the user is not limited to choosing from virtual instances of fixed specifications, and does not need sufficient prior knowledge.
  • the cloud platform can select a storage pool with matching performance for the virtual instance purchased by the user based on the user's actual storage business needs to create storage volumes for the virtual instance, which can reduce the problem of excess performance, thereby satisfying the user's service experience while bringing cost advantages to the user.
  • the cloud service provider since the virtual instance can call storage pools of different storage media, the cloud service provider has greater room for optimization in the storage resource scheduling process and better utilizes the efficiency of storage resources.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scenario involved in a storage resource management method for a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the implementation scenario includes: a cloud data center 101 and a terminal 102.
  • the cloud data center 101 and the terminal 102 can communicate.
  • a user can access the cloud data center 101 through the terminal 102.
  • the cloud data center 101 includes cloud resources and a cloud platform.
  • Cloud resources include a large number of basic resources owned by a cloud service provider.
  • Basic resources may include computing resources, storage resources, and network resources, etc.
  • Computing resources may be a large number of computing devices (such as servers).
  • the cloud platform can use the deployed basic resources or the resources virtualized from the basic resources to implement the user's business and provide cloud services to the user.
  • the user's business includes software application business created according to the user's business needs, etc.
  • the user's business mainly refers to the user's storage business.
  • the user's business includes database business created according to the user's business needs, etc.
  • the cloud platform may be a cloud platform of a central cloud, a cloud platform of an edge cloud, or a cloud platform including a central cloud and an edge cloud.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of cloud platform.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented through software or hardware.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented through hardware such as a physical server.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented through a physical server, or a physical server cluster composed of several physical servers, or a cloud computing service center.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented through software deployed on computing resources, and the software is used to implement the storage resource management method of the virtual instance provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented by a virtual machine or container simulated by software on the basic resources.
  • the cloud platform can be implemented through independently deployed resources, or it can be implemented through distributed deployed resources.
  • the software used to implement the cloud platform can be independently deployed on a server, virtual machine or container in the cloud platform, or the software used to implement the cloud platform can be distributedly deployed on multiple servers in the cloud platform, or the software used to implement the cloud platform can be distributedly deployed on multiple virtual machines in the cloud platform, or the software used to implement the cloud platform can be distributedly deployed in multiple containers in the cloud platform, or the software used to implement the cloud platform can be distributedly deployed on multiple servers, multiple virtual machines and multiple containers in the cloud platform. in a container.
  • the terminal 102 may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia player, a smart home appliance, an artificial intelligence device, a smart wearable device, an e-reader, a smart vehicle-mounted device, or an Internet of Things device, etc.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a storage resource management method for a virtual instance provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the method includes the following steps 201 to 205.
  • Step 201 The cloud platform obtains a first storage service demand of a virtual instance in a first time period.
  • the first storage service requirement includes a first storage performance requirement and a first physical capacity requirement.
  • the first storage performance requirement includes, but is not limited to, a storage bandwidth requirement, a throughput requirement, or a read/write latency requirement.
  • the first physical capacity requirement is used to reflect the storage space required to be occupied by the virtual instance in the first period. If the first period is the initial period of the virtual instance operation, the first physical capacity requirement can be determined based on the amount of storage data that is expected to be newly added by the virtual instance in the first period.
  • the first physical capacity requirement can be determined based on the amount of storage data that the virtual instance already has before the first period and the sum of the amount of storage data that is expected to be newly added by the virtual instance in the first period.
  • the virtual instance is configured to be able to call storage resources of multiple storage pools.
  • Each storage pool is composed of a storage medium.
  • the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media. That is, the virtual instance can call storage resources of different storage media. Among them, each type of storage pool can include one or more storage pools with the same storage medium.
  • the cloud service provider can predefine the types of storage media that the virtual instance can call.
  • the storage media provided by the cloud service provider include SATA media, SAS media, and SSD media.
  • the cloud service provider can define that the virtual instance sold can call SATA media and SAS media, or define that the virtual instance sold can call SAS media and SSD media, or define that the virtual instance sold can call SATA media, SAS media, and SSD media.
  • the cloud service provider actually sells virtual instances it can also provide virtual instances of different specifications for sale. The minimum storage performance and/or maximum storage performance of virtual instances of different specifications are different.
  • the cloud service provider can provide two specifications of virtual instances for sale, one virtual instance is defined as being able to call SATA media and SAS media, and the other virtual instance is defined as being able to call SAS media and SSD media.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the types of storage media that can be called by virtual instances.
  • the first time period is a future time period relative to the moment when the cloud platform obtains the first storage service demand. That is, before a time period starts, the cloud platform first obtains the storage service demand of the virtual instance in the time period.
  • an implementation of step 201 includes: the cloud platform determines the first storage service demand according to the storage service volume change trend of the virtual instance in the third time period.
  • the third time period is the previous time period of the first time period. That is, the cloud platform can predict the storage service demand of the next time period according to the storage service volume change trend of the virtual instance in the previous time period.
  • the cloud platform can periodically obtain the storage business requirements of the virtual instance in the next time period.
  • the user can actively trigger the cloud platform to obtain the storage business requirements of the virtual instance in the next time period. For example, when the user's storage business volume suddenly increases and the current storage performance of the virtual instance cannot meet the user's storage business requirements, the user can actively trigger the cloud platform to obtain the storage business requirements of the virtual instance in the future time period, so as to adjust the storage performance of the virtual instance in time.
  • the cloud platform can default to providing the virtual instance with the highest performance storage service to ensure user experience.
  • the cloud platform can default to providing the virtual instance with the lowest performance storage service or other performance storage service, because usually during the initial period of the virtual instance operation, the storage business volume is not too large.
  • the cloud platform may store correspondences between virtual instances and storage business demands in multiple time periods.
  • the correspondences may be pre-negotiated and defined by the user who purchases the virtual instance and the cloud service provider. For example, when the user knows which time periods of the day have high storage business volume and which time periods have low storage business volume, and the storage business demands in different time periods, when purchasing the virtual instance, the user may negotiate with the cloud service provider to define the storage business demands for each time period of the day, and pre-store the storage business demands for each time period in the cloud platform.
  • another implementation of step 201 includes: the cloud platform determines, based on the correspondence, a first storage business demand corresponding to the virtual instance in the first time period.
  • the cloud platform can customize the virtual instances on the user side, that is, the cloud platform can provide corresponding storage performance for the virtual instances purchased by the user in different time periods according to the storage business needs specified by the user.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation method of the cloud platform obtaining the storage business demand of the virtual instance in the future time period.
  • the cloud platform can also calculate the average storage business volume in the same time period of the past few days based on the storage business volume of the virtual instance in each time period of the past few days, and determine the storage business demand in the time period of the next day based on the average storage business volume.
  • Step 202 The cloud platform creates a first storage volume in a first storage pool among multiple storage pools according to a first storage service requirement, and the first storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in a first time period.
  • the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance requirement, and the free storage resources of the first storage pool meet the first physical capacity requirement.
  • the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance requirement, which may be that the first storage pool is a storage pool among multiple storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than the first storage performance and is closest to the first storage performance, or the first storage pool is a storage pool among multiple storage pools whose storage performance is lower than the first storage performance and is closest to the first storage performance.
  • the cloud platform first determines the first storage pool among multiple storage pools according to the first storage business requirement, and then creates the first storage volume in the first storage pool according to the first storage business requirement.
  • the physical capacity of the first storage volume meets the first physical capacity requirement.
  • the cloud platform determines an implementation process of the first storage pool among multiple storage pools according to the first storage business requirement, including the following steps 2021 to 2024.
  • the cloud platform determines a first type of storage pool from the multiple storage pools based on the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of the multiple storage pools.
  • the first type of storage pool includes one or more storage pools from the multiple storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement.
  • the first storage performance requirement includes a storage bandwidth requirement
  • the storage performance of the storage pool is not lower than the first storage performance requirement, including: the available storage bandwidth of the storage pool is not lower than the storage bandwidth requirement.
  • a virtual instance is configured to be able to call storage resources of a SAS storage pool and an SSD storage pool. If the storage bandwidth demand of the virtual instance in the first period is higher than the storage bandwidth that the SAS storage pool can provide, but lower than the storage bandwidth that the SSD storage pool can provide, then the cloud platform uses the SSD storage pool as the first type of storage pool.
  • step 2022 when there is a storage pool in the first type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement, the cloud platform determines a storage pool in the first type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement as the first storage pool.
  • the free storage resources of one of the SSD storage pools are less than the first physical capacity requirement, and the free storage resources of the other two SSD storage pools are greater than the first physical capacity requirement, then any one of the two SSD storage pools with free storage resources greater than the first physical capacity requirement can be used as the first storage pool, or the SSD storage pool with more free storage resources can also be used as the first storage pool to achieve load balancing of storage resources.
  • the cloud platform preferentially selects a storage pool whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement to create a storage volume for use by the virtual instance in the first time period.
  • resource performance waste is minimized, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the cloud platform determines a second category of storage pools in the multiple storage pools based on the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of the multiple storage pools.
  • the second category of storage pools includes one or more storage pools in the multiple storage pools whose storage performance is lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement.
  • the cloud platform uses the SAS storage pool as the second type of storage pool.
  • the cloud platform determines a storage pool in the second type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement as the first storage pool.
  • the free storage resources of one SAS storage pool are less than the first physical capacity requirement, and the free storage resources of the other two SAS storage pools are greater than the first physical capacity requirement, then any one of the two SAS storage pools with free storage resources greater than the first physical capacity requirement can be used as the first storage pool, or the SAS storage pool with more free storage resources can also be used as the first storage pool to achieve load balancing of storage resources.
  • the cloud platform when there is insufficient free storage resources in a storage pool with higher storage performance, the cloud platform selects a storage pool with storage performance lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement to create a storage volume for use by the virtual instance in the first time period.
  • the cloud platform tries to meet the user's storage performance requirements and realizes flexible allocation of storage resources.
  • the cloud platform needs to select a storage pool for the virtual instance multiple times to create a storage volume for the virtual instance to use.
  • the cloud platform may also perform the following steps 203 to 204.
  • Step 203 The cloud platform obtains a second storage service demand of the virtual instance in a second period of time.
  • the second storage service requirement includes a second storage performance requirement and a second physical capacity requirement.
  • the second period is different from the first period.
  • the implementation of step 203 can refer to the implementation of step 201 above, and the present embodiment will not be repeated here.
  • Step 204 The cloud platform creates a second storage volume in a second storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the second storage service requirements.
  • the storage volume is used by the virtual instance in the second period.
  • the storage performance of the second storage pool matches the second storage performance requirement, and the free storage resources of the second storage pool meet the second physical capacity requirement.
  • the cloud platform creates a second storage volume in the second storage pool, which may be that the cloud platform creates a new storage volume for the virtual instance in the second storage pool.
  • the cloud platform creates a second storage volume in the second storage pool, which may be understood as the cloud platform updating the original first storage volume in the storage pool, for example, expanding the capacity of the first storage volume to obtain the second storage volume.
  • the implementation method of this step 204 may refer to the implementation method of the above-mentioned step 202, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.
  • the cloud platform can flexibly adjust the storage pools used by virtual instances in different time periods according to changes in the user's storage business needs. For example, if the user's storage performance requirements change, the cloud platform can replace the storage pool used by the virtual instance to adjust the storage medium used by the virtual instance. For another example, if the user's physical capacity requirements increase, and the idle storage resources of the original storage pool cannot meet the increased physical capacity requirements, the cloud platform can replace the storage pool used by the virtual instance, and use a storage pool with more idle storage resources to provide sufficient storage resources to the virtual instance.
  • the embodiment of the present application enables the storage volumes used by the virtual instance in different time periods to always match the storage business requirements of the time period, while trying to meet the user's storage business requirements, reducing the waste of storage resources, thereby improving resource utilization.
  • the cloud platform determines the charging price of the virtual instance in the first period according to the storage medium type of the first storage pool, the physical capacity of the first storage volume, and the duration of the first period. Furthermore, the cloud platform determines the charging price of the virtual instance in the second period according to the storage medium type of the second storage pool, the physical capacity of the second storage volume, and the duration of the second period.
  • the virtual instance runs for a total of 4 hours, of which SAS storage media is used in the 1st, 3rd, and 4th hours, and SSD storage media is used in the 2nd hour.
  • the charge rate for SAS storage media is XX per gigabyte (GB) per hour
  • the charge rate for SSD storage media is YY per GB per hour.
  • the physical capacity of the storage volume used by the virtual instance in the 1st hour is m1GB
  • the physical capacity of the storage volume used by the virtual instance in the 2nd hour is m2GB
  • the physical capacity of the storage volume used by the virtual instance in the 3rd hour is m3GB
  • the physical capacity of the storage volume used by the virtual instance in the 4th hour is m4GB.
  • the total charge for the virtual instance in these 4 hours is (m1+m3+m4) ⁇ XX+m2 ⁇ YY.
  • the cloud platform charges the virtual instance by time period, and determines the charging price of the time period according to the storage resources actually used by the virtual instance in a time period. Since the charging of each time period matches the storage resources actually used by the virtual instance, the situation where the storage resources occupied by the virtual instance are much higher than the storage resources actually used is avoided. Since the physical capacity required for using storage resources on demand is less, compared with the virtual instance that simply uses SAS storage media, the hourly charging price of the virtual instance using SAS storage media in the embodiment of the present application will be lower. Similarly, compared with the virtual instance that simply uses SSD storage media, the hourly charging price of the virtual instance using SSD storage media in the embodiment of the present application will also be lower.
  • the storage media used by the virtual instance in different time periods always matches the storage performance of the time period, the situation where the performance of the storage resources occupied by the virtual instance is much higher than the actual storage performance requirement is avoided, the virtual instance is charged by time period, that is, refined charging by performance is realized.
  • the embodiment of the present application improves the charging flexibility for virtual instances, and can minimize the user's usage cost while trying to meet the user's storage business needs.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a sales interface of a virtual instance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the instance name of the virtual instance is "Elastic Cloud Hard Drive”.
  • the instance specifications of the virtual instance are expressed in the form of intervals, specifically including single-disk IPOS intervals, single-disk throughput intervals, and read-write latency intervals.
  • the instance specification intervals here refer to the storage performance intervals provided by different storage media.
  • the sales interface of the virtual instance can also display the scope of application and advantages of the virtual instance, such as "uncertain business needs", “more flexible business", and “scalability and variable performance”.
  • the sales interface of the virtual instance can also display the billing method of the virtual instance "pay by performance”.
  • the storage performance of the virtual instance provided in the embodiment of the present application is a range.
  • the cloud service provider can promise the minimum storage performance and the maximum storage performance, wherein the minimum storage performance and the maximum storage performance are provided by different storage media respectively.
  • the virtual instance is configured to be able to call the storage resources of the SAS storage pool and the storage resources of the SSD storage pool
  • the minimum storage performance of the virtual instance is provided by the SAS storage pool
  • the maximum storage performance of the virtual instance is provided by the SSD storage pool.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the performance change of a virtual instance in different periods provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted line represents the storage performance requirement of the user, and the solid line represents the actual storage performance.
  • the user's storage performance requirement is relatively low, and the cloud platform provides it with a SAS storage medium.
  • the cloud platform provides it with an SSD storage medium.
  • the cloud platform provides it with a SAS storage medium.
  • the user's storage performance requirement is reduced, and the cloud platform provides it with the SAS storage medium that best suits its needs.
  • the cloud platform provides corresponding storage resources according to the actual storage business needs of the virtual instance at different time periods, which can reduce the waste of storage resources and make full use of cloud storage resources. Since the cloud platform comprehensively considers the storage business needs of the virtual instance and the idle storage resources of storage media of various performances, it comprehensively considers both demand and supply, and provides users with storage business needs that meet their needs. While achieving cost-effective services, it also helps cloud service providers to maximize the optimal use of storage resources.
  • the second period is a period next to the first period, and the second storage pool is different from the first storage pool.
  • the cloud platform creates the second storage volume in the second storage pool among the multiple storage pools, the following step 205 may also be performed.
  • Step 205 The cloud platform migrates the storage data in the first storage volume to the second storage volume.
  • the cloud platform migrates the storage data in the first storage volume to the second storage volume, which can also be understood as the cloud platform migrating the virtual instance.
  • the cloud platform controls the automatic migration of the storage data of the virtual instance.
  • the entire migration process does not require user participation, that is, the user is unaware and the user experience is better.
  • the cloud platform provides corresponding storage resources according to the actual storage business needs of the virtual instance at different times, which can reduce the waste of storage resources and achieve full utilization of cloud storage resources. Since the cloud platform comprehensively considers the storage business needs of the virtual instance and the idle storage resources of the storage medium of each performance, and comprehensively considers both demand and supply, while providing users with services that meet their storage business needs and achieve cost advantages, it helps cloud service providers to achieve the maximum degree of optimal utilization of storage resources. From the user's perspective, users are not limited to choosing from virtual instances of fixed specifications, and do not need sufficient prior knowledge.
  • the cloud platform can select a storage pool with matching performance for the virtual instance purchased by the user according to the user's actual storage business needs to create a storage volume for the virtual instance, which can reduce the problem of excess performance, so it can bring cost advantages to users while satisfying the user's service experience.
  • the cloud service provider since the virtual instance can call the storage pool of different storage media, the cloud service provider has greater optimization space in the storage resource scheduling process and better exerts the efficiency of storage resources.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a storage resource management device for a virtual instance provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 500 includes: an acquisition module 501 and a creation module 502 .
  • the acquisition module 501 is used to acquire a first storage service demand of the virtual instance in a first time period, the first storage service demand includes a first storage performance demand and a first physical capacity demand, the virtual instance is configured to be able to call storage resources of multiple storage pools, each storage pool is composed of a storage medium, and the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media.
  • the acquisition module 501 is specifically used to execute the above step 201.
  • the creation module 502 is used to create a first storage volume in a first storage pool among the multiple storage pools according to the first storage service requirement, the first storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in the first time period, the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance requirement, and the free storage resources of the first storage pool meet the first physical capacity requirement.
  • the creation module 502 is specifically used to execute the above step 202.
  • a creation module 502 is used to: determine a first type of storage pool from multiple storage pools according to the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of multiple storage pools, wherein the first type of storage pool includes one or more storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement among the multiple storage pools.
  • the first type of storage pool includes one or more storage pools whose storage performance is not lower than and is closest to the first storage performance requirement among the multiple storage pools.
  • the creation module 502 is further used to: when there is no storage pool in the first type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement, determine a second type of storage pool from the multiple storage pools according to the first storage performance requirement and the storage performance of the multiple storage pools, the second type of storage pool including one or more storage pools whose storage performance is lower than and closest to the first storage performance requirement among the multiple storage pools.
  • a storage pool in the second type of storage pool whose free storage resources meet the first physical capacity requirement is determined as the first storage pool.
  • the first storage performance requirement includes a storage bandwidth requirement
  • the storage performance of the storage pool is not lower than the first storage performance requirement, including: the available storage bandwidth of the storage pool is not lower than the storage bandwidth requirement.
  • the acquisition module 501 is further used to obtain a second storage business demand of the virtual instance in a second time period, the second storage business demand includes a second storage performance demand and a second physical capacity demand, and the second time period is different from the first time period.
  • the creation module 502 is further used to create a second storage volume in a second storage pool among multiple storage pools according to the second storage business demand, the second storage volume is used for use by the virtual instance in the second time period, the storage performance of the second storage pool matches the second storage performance demand, and the free storage resources of the second storage pool meet the second physical capacity demand.
  • the acquisition module 501 is specifically used to execute the above step 203.
  • the creation module 502 is specifically used to execute the above step 204.
  • the second time period is a time period next to the first time period, and the second storage pool is different from the first storage pool.
  • the system further includes a migration module 503.
  • the migration module 503 is used to migrate the storage data in the first storage volume to the second storage volume after creating the second storage volume in the second storage pool among the multiple storage pools.
  • the migration module 503 is specifically used to execute the above step 205.
  • the apparatus further includes: a determination module 504.
  • the determination module 504 is configured to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the first period according to the storage medium type of the first storage pool, the physical capacity of the first storage volume, and the duration of the first period, and to determine the charging price of the virtual instance in the second period according to the storage medium type of the second storage pool, the physical capacity of the second storage volume, and the duration of the second period.
  • the acquisition module 501 is used to determine the first storage service demand according to a storage service volume change trend of the virtual instance in a third time period, where the third time period is a previous time period of the first time period.
  • the acquisition module 501 is configured to determine a first storage service demand corresponding to the virtual instance in a first time period according to pre-stored correspondences between virtual instances and storage service demands in multiple time periods.
  • FIG8 exemplarily provides a possible architecture diagram of a cloud platform.
  • the cloud platform 800 may include a processor 801, a memory 802, a communication interface 803, and a bus 804.
  • the number of processors 801 may be one or more, and FIG8 only illustrates one of the processors 801.
  • the processor 801 may be a central processing unit (CPU). If the cloud platform has multiple processors 801, the types of the multiple processors 801 may be different, or may be the same.
  • the multiple processors of the cloud platform may also be integrated into a multi-core processor.
  • the memory 802 is used to store computer instructions and data.
  • the memory 802 can store computer instructions and data required to implement the storage resource management method of the virtual instance provided in this application.
  • the memory 802 can be any one or any combination of the following storage media: non-volatile memory (such as read-only memory (ROM), SSD, hard disk drive (HDD, etc.), optical disk, volatile memory.
  • non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM), SSD, hard disk drive (HDD, etc.
  • HDD hard disk drive
  • volatile memory volatile memory.
  • the communication interface 803 may be any one or any combination of the following devices: a network interface (such as an Ethernet interface), a wireless network card, or other device with a network access function.
  • the communication interface 803 is used for data communication between the cloud platform and other nodes or other cloud platforms.
  • FIG8 also exemplarily depicts a bus 804.
  • the bus 804 can connect the processor 801 with the memory 802 and the communication interface 803.
  • the processor 801 can access the memory 802, and can also use the communication interface 803 to exchange data with other nodes or other cloud platforms.
  • the cloud platform executes the computer instructions in the memory 802 to implement the storage resource management method of the virtual instance provided in the present application.
  • the first storage business demand of the virtual instance in the first time period is obtained, and the first storage business demand includes a first storage performance demand and a first physical capacity demand.
  • the virtual instance is configured to be able to call the storage resources of multiple storage pools, each storage pool is composed of a storage medium, and the multiple storage pools include at least two types of storage pools composed of different storage media.
  • a first storage volume is created in the first storage pool of the multiple storage pools, and the first storage volume is used for the virtual instance to use in the first time period.
  • the storage performance of the first storage pool matches the first storage performance demand, and the idle storage resources of the first storage pool meet the first physical capacity demand.
  • the cloud platform executes the steps of the storage resource management method of the virtual instance provided in the present application by executing the computer instructions in the memory 802, and the corresponding description in the above method embodiment can be referred to accordingly.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed on a computer device, the computer device executes a storage resource management method for a virtual instance as provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer executes the storage resource management method of the virtual instance provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • the information including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.
  • data including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.
  • signals involved in this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.
  • the storage business requirements and storage data involved in this application are all obtained with full authorization.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置，属于块存储技术领域。云平台获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求。第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求。该虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源。该多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。云平台根据第一存储业务需求，在该多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用的第一存储卷。第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。云平台根据虚拟实例在一个时段的存储业务需求提供相应的存储资源，能够减少存储资源的浪费，实现对存储资源的充分利用。

Description

虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年09月30日提交的申请号为202211208671.8、发明名称为“虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及块存储技术领域，特别涉及一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置。
背景技术
目前，云服务提供商提供的块存储服务通常要求用户在固定规格的产品中进行选择。具体而言，云服务提供商向用户提供多种固定规格的虚拟实例，每种虚拟实例在对应的存储池中创建有固定容量和固定带宽性能的存储卷，用户在这些固定规格的虚拟实例中选择适合其业务的产品。
用户在购买了某种规格的虚拟实例后，通常有两种可选的计费模式。一种是包年/包月计费模式，即无论其实际用量如何，均需按照约定的价格付费。另一种是按量计费模式，是一种更加精细化的后付费的管理模式。例如按秒计费，按小时结算，不足一小时的以实际使用时长为准。
但是，若用户选择包年/包月计费模式，有时会出现资源闲置导致资源浪费的情况。若用户选择按量计费模式，由于所购买的产品性能一般都会高于其实际性能需求，会存在资源性能浪费的情况。因此目前云服务提供商提供的存储资源的总体利用率较低。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法及装置，可以解决目前云服务提供商提供的存储资源的总体利用率较低的问题。
第一方面，提供了一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法。该方法包括：云平台获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求。第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求。该虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源。每个存储池由一种存储介质构成。该多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。云平台根据第一存储业务需求，在该多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷。第一存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用。第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。
本申请中，云平台根据虚拟实例在不同时段的实际存储业务需求来提供相应的存储资源，能够减少存储资源的浪费，实现对云端存储资源的充分利用。云平台综合考虑了虚拟实例的存储业务需求以及各性能的存储介质的空闲存储资源，综合需求和供给两个方面，在为用户提供满足其存储业务需求且实现成本优势的服务的同时，有助于云服务提供商实现最大程度的存储资源的优化利用。
可选地，云平台根据第一存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷的实现方式，包括：云平台根据第一存储性能需求和该多个存储池的存储性能，在该多个存储池中确定第一类存储池。第一类存储池包括该多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。当第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，云平台将第一类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
本申请中，云平台优先选择存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的存储池来创建供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用的存储卷，在保证向用户提供满足存储业务需求的存储服务的前提下，实现资源性能浪费的最小化，从而提高资源利用率。
可选地，当第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，云平台根据第一存储性能需求和该多个存储池的存储性能，在该多个存储池中确定第二类存储池。第二类存储池包括多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。云平台将第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
本申请中，云平台在存储性能较高的存储池的空闲存储资源不足的情况下，选择存储性能低于且最接 近第一存储性能需求的存储池来创建供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用的存储卷，在保证向用户提供充足存储资源的前提下，尽量满足用户的存储性能需求，实现对存储资源的灵活调配。
可选地，第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，存储池的存储性能不低于第一存储性能需求，包括：存储池的可用存储带宽不低于存储带宽需求。
可选地，云平台还获取虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求。第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求。第二时段与第一时段不同。云平台根据第二存储业务需求，在该多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷。第二存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第二时段内使用。第二存储池的存储性能与第二存储性能需求相匹配，且第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足第二物理容量需求。
本申请中，云平台可以根据用户的存储业务需求的变化，灵活调整虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储池。例如用户的存储性能需求发生变化，则云平台可以为虚拟实例更换使用的存储池，以调整虚拟实例使用的存储介质。又例如用户的物理容量需求增加，而原有的存储池的空闲存储资源无法满足增加后的物理容量需求，则云平台可以为虚拟实例更换使用的存储池，采用空闲存储资源更多的存储池向虚拟实例提供充足的存储资源。本申请能够使虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储卷始终与该时段的存储业务需求相匹配，在尽量满足用户的存储业务需求的同时，减少了存储资源的浪费，从而提高资源利用率。
可选地，第二时段为第一时段的下一个时段，第二存储池与第一存储池不同。云平台在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，可以将第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至第二存储卷。
本申请中，云平台在确定调整虚拟实例使用的存储池之后，由云平台控制该虚拟实例的存储数据的自动迁移，整个迁移过程无需用户参与，即用户无感知，用户体验较好。
可选地，云平台根据第一存储池的存储介质类型、第一存储卷的物理容量和第一时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第一时段的收费价格。并且，云平台根据第二存储池的存储介质类型、第二存储卷的物理容量和第二时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第二时段的收费价格。
本申请中，云平台对虚拟实例分时段收费，根据虚拟实例在一个时段内实际使用的存储资源确定该时段的收费价格。由于每个时段的收费与虚拟实例实际使用的存储资源相匹配，避免了虚拟实例占用的存储资源远高于实际使用的存储资源的情况。由于按需使用存储资源时所需占用的物理容量更少，因此相较于单纯使用一种存储介质的虚拟实例，本申请中虚拟实例使用同种存储介质时每小时的收费价格会更低。另外，由于虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储介质始终与该时段的存储性能相匹配，避免了虚拟实例占用的存储资源的性能远高于实际存储性能需求的情况，因此对虚拟实例分时段收费，也即实现了精细化地按性能收费。本申请提高了针对虚拟实例的收费灵活性，在尽量满足用户的存储业务需求的同时，可以最大程度上降低用户的使用成本。
可选地，云平台获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求的一种实现方式，包括：云平台根据虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定第一存储业务需求，第三时段为第一时段的上一个时段。
可选地，云平台中存储有虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系。云平台获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求的另一种实现方式，包括：云平台根据该对应关系，确定虚拟实例在第一时段对应的第一存储业务需求。
本实现方式下，在云端各种存储介质的存储资源充足的情况下，云平台可以实现用户侧虚拟实例的定制化，即云平台可以根据用户指定的存储业务需求为用户购买的虚拟实例分时段提供相应的存储性能。
第二方面，提供了一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置。该装置包括：获取模块，用于获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求，虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源，每个存储池由一种存储介质构成，多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。创建模块，用于根据第一存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，第一存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用，第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。
可选地，创建模块，具体用于：根据第一存储性能需求和多个存储池的存储性能，在多个存储池中确定第一类存储池，第一类存储池包括多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；当第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，将第一类存储池中空闲 存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
可选地，创建模块，还用于：当第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，根据第一存储性能需求和多个存储池的存储性能，在多个存储池中确定第二类存储池，第二类存储池包括多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；将第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
可选地，第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，存储池的存储性能不低于第一存储性能需求，包括：存储池的可用存储带宽不低于存储带宽需求。
可选地，获取模块，还用于获取虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求，第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求，第二时段与第一时段不同。创建模块，还用于根据第二存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，第二存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第二时段内使用，第二存储池的存储性能与第二存储性能需求相匹配，且第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足第二物理容量需求。
可选地，第二时段为第一时段的下一个时段，第二存储池与第一存储池不同，该装置还包括：迁移模块，用于在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，将第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至第二存储卷。
可选地，该装置还包括：确定模块，用于根据第一存储池的存储介质类型、第一存储卷的物理容量和第一时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第一时段的收费价格，并且，根据第二存储池的存储介质类型、第二存储卷的物理容量和第二时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第二时段的收费价格。
可选地，获取模块，具体用于：根据虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定第一存储业务需求，第三时段为第一时段的上一个时段。
或者，获取模块，具体用于：根据预先存储的虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系，确定虚拟实例在第一时段对应的第一存储业务需求。
第三方面，提供了一种云平台，包括存储器和处理器，存储器存储有程序指令，处理器运行程序指令以执行上述第一方面及其各实施方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序指令，当程序指令在计算机设备上运行时，使得计算机设备执行上述第一方面及其各实施方式中的方法。
第五方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面及其各实施方式中的方法。
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图1是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法涉及的实施场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法的流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的售卖界面示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例在不同时段的性能变化示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种云平台的架构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
为便于读者对本申请方案的理解，下面先对本申请实施例中涉及的一些概念进行解释。
虚拟实例：虚拟实例运行在物理服务器的操作系统上，且虚拟实例自身设置有操作系统，虚拟实例的操作系统运行有应用程序，虚拟实例可使用物理服务器的硬件资源，不同虚拟实例之间相互隔离。虚拟实 例具体例如为虚拟机或容器。用户购买虚拟实例以满足其各类应用需求，例如数据库业务等。
存储卷(storage volume，SV)：块存储过程中进行调度的单元，通常指代逻辑卷，由存储池中的物理块构成。存储卷的性能指标包括但不限于单盘最大每秒输入输出量(input/output per second，IOPS)(即单盘最大每秒读写次数)、单盘最大吞吐量或读写时延。存储卷用于将存储池的存储资源分配给虚拟实例使用。
存储池(storage pool，SP)：块存储过程中由硬盘或磁盘所构成的存储空间。存储池用于将物理服务器的硬件资源虚拟化为存储资源。本申请实施例中，一个存储池由一种存储介质构成。不同介质的存储池具有不同的性能。例如将存储池按照性能由低到高排序，依次包括串行高级技术附件(serial advanced technology attachment，SATA)硬盘(又称串口硬盘)、串行连接小型计算机系统接口(serial attached small computer system interface，serial attached SCSI)(简称：SAS)硬盘、固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD)等。
服务等级协议(service level agreement，SLA)：是服务提供商与用户之间签订的正式合约。SLA规范了服务提供商与接受服务的用户之间所约定的服务指标，包括但不限于服务质量(quality of service，QoS)、可用性或责任。
目前，主流云服务提供商提供的块存储服务通常要求用户在固定规格的产品中进行选择。具体而言，云服务提供商向用户提供多种固定规格的虚拟实例，每种虚拟实例在对应的存储池中创建有固定容量和固定带宽性能的存储卷，用户在这些固定规格的虚拟实例中选择适合其业务的产品。例如，云服务提供商提供三种规格的虚拟实例，一种虚拟实例被配置为调用SATA介质，另一种虚拟实例被配置为调用SAS介质，还有一种虚拟实例被配置为调用SSD介质。被配置为调用SATA介质的虚拟实例只能使用在SATA存储池中创建的存储卷。被配置为调用SAS介质的虚拟实例只能使用在SAS存储池中创建的存储卷。被配置为调用SSD介质的虚拟实例只能使用在SSD存储池中创建的存储卷。那么用户只能在这三种规格的虚拟实例中选择购买其中一种。用户在购买了某种规格的虚拟实例后，通常有两种可选的计费模式。一种是包年/包月计费模式，这种计费方式无论其实际用量如何，均需按照约定的价格付费。包年/包月计费模式下的计费方式为：费用＝存储卷容量×存储卷单价×购买时长。另一种是按量计费模式，这种计费方式是一种更加精细化的后付费的管理模式。例如按秒计费，按小时结算，不足一小时的以实际使用时长为准。按量计费模式下的计费方式为：费用＝存储卷容量×存储卷单价×购买时长。由于每种虚拟实例使用的存储卷都是固定的，因此用户在购买了某种规格的虚拟实例后，只能使用对应的存储卷提供的存储资源，而且按照对应的存储卷固定计费。例如用户购买了被配置为调用SAS介质的虚拟实例(可称为SAS云硬盘)，那么云平台可以在SAS存储池中创建存储卷以供该虚拟实例使用。
然而，云服务提供商提供的上述产品服务会存在以下三点不足：
第一，用户的选择受局限，只能在预先定义规格的虚拟实例中进行选择。由于云服务提供商在块存储领域所提供的产品矩阵数量较小，可供用户选择的产品类型和规格不多，因此有时用户很难找到严格适配其需求的产品类型。此时，用户通常倾向于购买性能超过其所需的产品，会造成产品性能资源的浪费。另外还会给用户带来更高的购买成本。
第二，计费模式的粒度比较粗糙，用户所支付的费用通常会高于其实际所需。若用户选择包年/包月计费模式，有时会出现资源闲置导致资源浪费的情况，另外即便资源闲置用户依然需要支付费用，用户使用产品的成本较高。若用户选择按量计费模式，由于所购买的产品性能一般都会高于其实际性能需求，用户也会支付更多的费用，且存在资源性能浪费的情况。
第三，用户为了买到与自己的业务需求最匹配的产品，需要较多的专业和先验知识，这无疑拉高了用户科学选择所需产品和服务的门槛。有时，用户对于自己未来要运行何种业务，运行的规模以及频次等在购买块存储服务前并不能完全确定，因此很容易出现所购买的产品性能和数量不适配其真正的未来需求的情况。例如用户通常会倾向购买大量高性能的虚拟实例，进而造成资源浪费。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种可售卖的虚拟实例，该虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源。该多个存储池中的每个存储池由一种存储介质构成，且该多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。也即是，本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例能够调用不同存储介质的存储资源。用户购买虚拟实例之后，云平台根据该虚拟实例在一个时段内的存储业务需求，在该时段内向该虚拟实例提供与其存储业务需求相匹配的存储资源。存储业务需求包括存储性能需求和物理容量需求。具体实现时，云平台 根据该虚拟实例在未来一个时段内的存储业务需求，在多个存储池中选择存储性能与该虚拟实例在该时段内的存储性能需求相匹配、空闲存储资源满足该时段内的物理容量需求的一个存储池来创建存储卷，该存储卷用于供该虚拟实例在该时段内使用。本申请实施例通过在块存储服务上向用户提供更丰富的产品选择，能够更好地适配用户的实际需求。云平台根据虚拟实例在不同时段的实际存储业务需求来提供相应的存储资源，能够减少存储资源的浪费，实现对云端存储资源的充分利用。由于云平台综合考虑了虚拟实例的存储业务需求以及各性能的存储介质的空闲存储资源，综合需求和供给两个方面，在为用户提供满足其存储业务需求且实现成本优势的服务的同时，有助于云服务提供商实现最大程度的存储资源的优化利用。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例可使用的存储卷不再是预先在某个固定的存储池中创建的固定带宽性能和固定容量的存储卷，该虚拟实例可使用的存储卷灵活多变，例如该虚拟实例在不同时段可使用在不同存储介质的存储池中创建的存储卷，也即是，该虚拟实例能够实现在不同存储介质的存储池的灵活迁移，从而获得不同的存储性能。另外，存储卷容量也可根据虚拟实例的实际存储业务量灵活调整。本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储性能是一个范围，云服务提供商在定义该虚拟实例时，可以承诺最低存储性能和最高存储性能，其中最低存储性能和最高存储性能分别由不同存储介质提供。例如，虚拟实例被配置为能够调用SAS存储池的存储资源和SSD存储池的存储资源，则该虚拟实例的最低存储性能由SAS存储池提供，该虚拟实例的最高存储性能由SSD存储池提供，也即是，云平台为该虚拟实例分配的最低存储性能的存储资源来自SAS存储池，为该虚拟实例分配的最高存储性能的存储资源来自SSD存储池。相应地，用户向云服务提供商购买该虚拟实例时，云服务提供商可以在SLA中承诺该虚拟实例的性能属性最低为SAS存储池所能提供的性能，最高为SSD存储池所能提供的性能。
可选地，本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例可命名为弹性(flex)云硬盘。由于该虚拟实例的存储性能灵活可变，因此也可认为该虚拟实例的SLA弹性可变。
基于本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例，从用户的角度来看，用户可以不局限在固定规格的虚拟实例中做选择，无需充足的先验知识，由于在使用的过程中，云平台可以根据用户的实际存储业务需求，为用户购买的虚拟实例选择性能匹配的存储池来创建存储卷以供该虚拟实例使用，能够减少性能过剩的问题，因此在满足用户服务体验的同时可以为用户带来成本优势。从云服务提供商的角度来看，由于虚拟实例可以调用不同存储介质的存储池，因此云服务提供商在存储资源调度过程中有更大的优化空间，并更好地发挥存储资源的效能。
下面从实施场景、方法流程、虚拟装置、硬件装置等多个角度对本申请技术方案进行详细说明。
下面对本申请涉及的实施场景举例说明。
例如，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法涉及的实施场景示意图。如图1所示，该实施场景包括：云数据中心101和终端102。云数据中心101和终端102能够进行通信。用户可以通过终端102访问云数据中心101。
云数据中心101包括云资源和云平台。云资源包括云服务提供商拥有的大量基础资源。基础资源可以包括计算资源、存储资源和网络资源等。计算资源可以是大量的计算设备(例如服务器)。云平台可以利用部署的基础资源或根据该基础资源虚拟化出的资源，实现用户的业务，为用户提供云服务。其中，用户的业务包括根据用户的业务需求创建的软件应用业务等。本申请实施例中用户的业务主要指用户的存储业务。例如，用户的业务包括根据用户的业务需求创建的数据库业务等。可选地，云平台可以是中心云的云平台、边缘云的云平台或包括中心云和边缘云的云平台，本申请实施例对云平台的类型不做具体限定。
云平台可以通过软件或硬件实现。在一种可实现方式中，云平台可以通过物理服务器等硬件方式实现。例如，云平台可以通过一台物理服务器，或者由若干台物理服务器组成的物理服务器集群，或者是一个云计算服务中心实现。在另一种可实现方式中，云平台可以通过部署在计算资源上的软件实现，该软件用于实现本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法。例如，云平台可以通过在基础资源上通过软件模拟出的虚拟机或容器实现。并且，云平台可以通过独立部署的资源实现，或者可以通过分布式部署的资源实现。例如，用于实现云平台的软件可以独立地部署在云平台中的服务器、虚拟机或容器上，或者，用于实现云平台的软件可以分布式地部署在云平台中的多台服务器上，或者，用于实现云平台的软件可以分布式地部署在云平台中的多台虚拟机上，或者，用于实现云平台的软件可以分布式地部署在云平台中的多个容器中，再或者，用于实现云平台的软件可以分布式地部署在云平台中的多台服务器、多台虚拟机和多个 容器中。
终端102可以是台式计算机、膝上型计算机、移动电话、智能手机、平板电脑、多媒体播放器、智能家电、人工智能设备、智能可穿戴设备、电子阅读器、智能车载设备或物联网设备等。
下面对本申请实施例的方法流程举例说明。
例如，图2是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法的流程示意图。如图2所示，该方法包括以下步骤201至步骤205。
步骤201、云平台获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求。
第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求。第一存储性能需求包括但不限于存储带宽需求、吞吐量需求或读写时延需求。第一物理容量需求用于反映该虚拟实例在第一时段内所需占用的存储空间。如果第一时段是虚拟实例运行的初始时段，则第一物理容量需求可以基于该虚拟实例在第一时段内预计新增的存储数据的数据量确定。如果第一时段是虚拟实例运行一段时间后的一个时段，则第一物理容量需求可以基于该虚拟实例在第一时段之前已有的存储数据的数据量以及该虚拟实例在第一时段内预计新增的存储数据的数据量之和确定。该虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源。每个存储池由一种存储介质构成。该多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。也即是，该虚拟实例能够调用不同存储介质的存储资源。其中，每类存储池可以包括存储介质相同的一个或多个存储池。
云服务提供商在售卖虚拟实例时，可以预先定义好该虚拟实例能够调用的存储介质类型。例如，云服务提供商提供的存储介质包括SATA介质、SAS介质和SSD介质，则云服务提供商可以定义售卖的虚拟实例能够调用SATA介质和SAS介质，或者定义售卖的虚拟实例能够调用SAS介质和SSD介质，又或者定义售卖的虚拟实例能够调用SATA介质、SAS介质和SSD介质。云服务提供商在实际售卖虚拟实例时，也可以提供可售卖的不同规格的虚拟实例。不同规格的虚拟实例的最低存储性能和/或最高存储性能不同。例如云服务提供商可以提供两种规格的可售卖虚拟实例，一种虚拟实例被定义为能够调用SATA介质和SAS介质，另一种虚拟实例被定义为能够调用SAS介质和SSD介质。本申请实施例对虚拟实例能够调用的存储介质类型不做具体限定。
其中，第一时段相对于云平台获取第一存储业务需求的时刻，是一个未来时段，也即是，云平台在一个时段开始之前，先获取虚拟实例在该时段内的存储业务需求。
可选地，步骤201的一种实现方式，包括：云平台根据虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定第一存储业务需求。第三时段为第一时段的上一个时段。也即是，云平台可以根据虚拟实例在上一个时段的存储业务量变化趋势，预测下一个时段的存储业务需求。
可选地，云平台可以周期性地获取虚拟实例在下一个时段内的存储业务需求。或者，也可以由用户主动触发云平台获取虚拟实例在下一个时段内的存储业务需求。例如用户的存储业务量突增导致虚拟实例的当前存储性能无法满足用户的存储业务需求时，用户可以主动触发云平台获取该虚拟实例在未来时段内的存储业务需求，以及时调整虚拟实例的存储性能。
这种实现方式下，在虚拟实例运行的初始时段，云平台可以默认为虚拟实例提供最高性能的存储服务，以保证用户体验。或者，云平台也可以默认为虚拟实例提供最低性能的存储服务或其它性能的存储服务，因为通常在虚拟实例运行的初始时段，存储业务量不会太大。
可选地，云平台中可以存储有虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系。该对应关系可以是购买该虚拟实例的用户与云服务提供商预先协商定义好的。例如，在用户知晓自身在一天内的哪些时段的存储业务量高，哪些时段的存储业务量低，且不同时段的存储业务需求的情况下，用户在购买虚拟实例时，可以与云服务提供商协商定义好一天内每个时段的存储业务需求，并将各个时段的存储业务需求预先存储在云平台中。相应地，步骤201的另一种实现方式，包括：云平台根据对应关系，确定该虚拟实例在第一时段对应的第一存储业务需求。
这种实现方式下，在云端各种存储介质的存储资源充足的情况下，云平台可以实现用户侧虚拟实例的定制化，即云平台可以根据用户指定的存储业务需求为用户购买的虚拟实例分时段提供相应的存储性能。
本申请实施例对云平台获取虚拟实例在未来时段内的存储业务需求的实现方式不做限定。例如除了以上两种实现方式以外，云平台还可以根据虚拟实例在过去若干天的各个时段内的存储业务量，统计过去若干天在同一时段内的平均存储业务量，并基于该平均存储业务量确定未来一天该时段内的存储业务需求。
步骤202、云平台根据第一存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，第一存储卷用于供该虚拟实例在第一时段内使用。
第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。其中，第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，可以是，第一存储池为多个存储池中存储性能不低于第一存储性能且最接近第一存储性能的存储池，或者可以是，第一存储池为多个存储池中存储性能低于第一存储性能且最接近第一存储性能的存储池。在步骤202中，云平台先根据第一存储业务需求在多个存储池中确定第一存储池，再根据第一存储业务需求在第一存储池中创建第一存储卷。第一存储卷的物理容量满足第一物理容量需求。
可选地，云平台根据第一存储业务需求在多个存储池中确定第一存储池的实现过程，包括以下步骤2021至步骤2024。
在步骤2021中，云平台根据第一存储性能需求和多个存储池的存储性能，在该多个存储池中确定第一类存储池，第一类存储池包括该多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。
可选地，第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，则存储池的存储性能不低于第一存储性能需求，包括：该存储池的可用存储带宽不低于该存储带宽需求。
例如，虚拟实例被配置为能够调用SAS存储池和SSD存储池的存储资源。若该虚拟实例在第一时段内的存储带宽需求高于SAS存储池所能提供的存储带宽，但低于SSD存储池所能提供的存储带宽，那么云平台将SSD存储池作为第一类存储池。
在步骤2022中，当第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，云平台将第一类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
结合参考步骤2021中的例子，假设云服务提供商拥有3个SSD存储池，其中一个SSD存储池的空闲存储资源小于第一物理容量需求，另外两个SSD存储池的空闲存储资源大于第一物理容量需求，那么可以将空闲存储资源大于第一物理容量需求的两个SSD存储池中的任一SSD存储池作为第一存储池，或者也可以将空闲存储资源更多的SSD存储池作为第一存储池，以实现存储资源的负载均衡。
本申请实施例中，云平台优先选择存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的存储池来创建供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用的存储卷，在保证向用户提供满足存储业务需求的存储服务的前提下，实现资源性能浪费的最小化，从而提高资源利用率。
在步骤2023中，当第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，云平台根据第一存储性能需求和该多个存储池的存储性能，在该多个存储池中确定第二类存储池，第二类存储池包括该多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。
结合参考步骤2021中的例子，假设云服务提供商拥有3个SSD存储池，该3个SSD存储池的空闲存储资源均小于第一物理容量需求，那么云平台将SAS存储池作为第二类存储池。
在步骤2024中，云平台将第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
结合参考步骤2023中的例子，假设云服务提供商拥有3个SAS存储池，其中一个SAS存储池的空闲存储资源小于第一物理容量需求，另外两个SAS存储池的空闲存储资源大于第一物理容量需求，那么可以将空闲存储资源大于第一物理容量需求的两个SAS存储池中的任一SAS存储池作为第一存储池，或者也可以将空闲存储资源更多的SAS存储池作为第一存储池，以实现存储资源的负载均衡。
本申请实施例中，云平台在存储性能较高的存储池的空闲存储资源不足的情况下，选择存储性能低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的存储池来创建供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用的存储卷，在保证向用户提供充足存储资源的前提下，尽量满足用户的存储性能需求，实现对存储资源的灵活调配。
可选地，云平台在虚拟实例的运行过程中，需要多次为虚拟实例选择存储池来创建存储卷以供虚拟实例使用，例如云平台还可以执行以下步骤203至步骤204。
步骤203、云平台获取该虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求。
第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求。第二时段与第一时段不同。此步骤203的实现方式可参考上述步骤201的实现方式，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤204、云平台根据第二存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，第二存 储卷用于供该虚拟实例在第二时段内使用。
第二存储池的存储性能与第二存储性能需求相匹配，且第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足第二物理容量需求。可选地，第二存储池与第一存储池不同，则云平台在第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，可以是云平台在第二存储池内为虚拟实例创建一个新的存储卷。或者，第二存储池与第一存储池相同，则云平台在第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，可理解为，云平台更新存储池中原有的第一存储卷，例如对第一存储卷进行扩容，得到第二存储卷。此步骤204的实现方式可参考上述步骤202的实现方式，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，云平台可以根据用户的存储业务需求的变化，灵活调整虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储池。例如用户的存储性能需求发生变化，则云平台可以为虚拟实例更换使用的存储池，以调整虚拟实例使用的存储介质。又例如用户的物理容量需求增加，而原有的存储池的空闲存储资源无法满足增加后的物理容量需求，则云平台可以为虚拟实例更换使用的存储池，采用空闲存储资源更多的存储池向虚拟实例提供充足的存储资源。本申请实施例能够使虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储卷始终与该时段的存储业务需求相匹配，在尽量满足用户的存储业务需求的同时，减少了存储资源的浪费，从而提高资源利用率。
可选地，云平台根据第一存储池的存储介质类型、第一存储卷的物理容量和第一时段的时长，确定该虚拟实例在第一时段的收费价格。并且，云平台根据第二存储池的存储介质类型、第二存储卷的物理容量和第二时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第二时段的收费价格。
例如，虚拟实例总共运行了4个小时，其中第1/3/4小时使用SAS存储介质，第2小时使用SSD存储介质。假设SAS存储介质的收费标准为XX每吉字节(gigabyte，GB)每小时，SSD存储介质的收费标准为YY每GB每小时。虚拟实例第1小时使用的存储卷的物理容量为m1GB，虚拟实例第2小时使用的存储卷的物理容量为m2GB，虚拟实例第3小时使用的存储卷的物理容量为m3GB，虚拟实例第4小时使用的存储卷的物理容量为m4GB，则虚拟实例在这4个小时的总收费价格为(m1+m3+m4)×XX+m2×YY。
本申请实施例中，云平台对虚拟实例分时段收费，根据虚拟实例在一个时段内实际使用的存储资源确定该时段的收费价格。由于每个时段的收费与虚拟实例实际使用的存储资源相匹配，避免了虚拟实例占用的存储资源远高于实际使用的存储资源的情况。由于按需使用存储资源时所需占用的物理容量更少，因此相较于单纯使用SAS存储介质的虚拟实例，本申请实施例中虚拟实例使用SAS存储介质时每小时的收费价格会更低。同理，相较于单纯使用SSD存储介质的虚拟实例，本申请实施例中虚拟实例使用SSD存储介质时每小时的收费价格也会更低。另外，由于虚拟实例在不同时段使用的存储介质始终与该时段的存储性能相匹配，避免了虚拟实例占用的存储资源的性能远高于实际存储性能需求的情况，因此对虚拟实例分时段收费，也即实现了精细化地按性能收费。本申请实施例提高了针对虚拟实例的收费灵活性，在尽量满足用户的存储业务需求的同时，可以最大程度上降低用户的使用成本。
例如，图3是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的售卖界面示意图。如图3所示，该虚拟实例的实例名称为“弹性云硬盘”。该虚拟实例的实例规格采用区间的形式表示，具体包括单盘IPOS区间、单盘吞吐量区间和读写时延区间。这里实例规格的区间是指由不同存储介质提供的存储性能区间。该虚拟实例的售卖界面还可以显示有该虚拟实例的适用范围和优势，例如包括“业务需求不确定”，“业务较为灵活”，“可拓展性、性能可变”。该虚拟实例的售卖界面还可以显示有该虚拟实例的计费方式“按性能计费”。
本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储性能是一个范围，云服务提供商在定义该虚拟实例时，可以承诺最低存储性能和最高存储性能，其中最低存储性能和最高存储性能分别由不同存储介质提供。例如，虚拟实例被配置为能够调用SAS存储池的存储资源和SSD存储池的存储资源，则该虚拟实例的最低存储性能由SAS存储池提供，该虚拟实例的最高存储性能由SSD存储池提供。图4是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例在不同时段的性能变化示意图。其中密点虚线表示用户的存储性能需求，实线表示实际存储性能。如图4所示，在T0-T1时段，用户的存储性能需求较低，此时云平台为其提供SAS存储介质。在T1-T2时段，用户的存储性能需求较高，此时云平台为其提供SSD存储介质。在T2-T3时段，用户的存储性能需求依然较高，但由于此时没有足够的空闲SSD存储资源，因此云平台为其提供SAS存储介质。在T3-T4时段，用户的存储性能需求降低，此时云平台为其提供最适配其需求的SAS存储介质。
本申请实施例中，云平台根据虚拟实例在不同时段的实际存储业务需求来提供相应的存储资源，能够减少存储资源的浪费，实现对云端存储资源的充分利用。由于云平台综合考虑了虚拟实例的存储业务需求以及各性能的存储介质的空闲存储资源，综合需求和供给两个方面，在为用户提供满足其存储业务需求且 实现成本优势的服务的同时，有助于云服务提供商实现最大程度的存储资源的优化利用。
可选地，第二时段为第一时段的下一个时段，第二存储池与第一存储池不同。云平台在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，还可以执行以下步骤205。
步骤205、云平台将第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至第二存储卷。
云平台将第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至第二存储卷，也可理解为，云平台对虚拟实例进行迁移。
本申请实施例中，云平台在确定调整虚拟实例使用的存储池之后，由云平台控制该虚拟实例的存储数据的自动迁移，整个迁移过程无需用户参与，即用户无感知，用户体验较好。
综上所述，在本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法中，通过在块存储服务上向用户提供更丰富的产品选择，能够更好地适配用户的实际需求。云平台根据虚拟实例在不同时段的实际存储业务需求来提供相应的存储资源，能够减少存储资源的浪费，实现对云端存储资源的充分利用。由于云平台综合考虑了虚拟实例的存储业务需求以及各性能的存储介质的空闲存储资源，综合需求和供给两个方面，在为用户提供满足其存储业务需求且实现成本优势的服务的同时，有助于云服务提供商实现最大程度的存储资源的优化利用。从用户的角度来看，用户可以不局限在固定规格的虚拟实例中做选择，无需充足的先验知识，由于在使用的过程中，云平台可以根据用户的实际存储业务需求，为用户购买的虚拟实例选择性能匹配的存储池来创建存储卷以供该虚拟实例使用，能够减少性能过剩的问题，因此在满足用户服务体验的同时可以为用户带来成本优势。从云服务提供商的角度来看，由于虚拟实例可以调用不同存储介质的存储池，因此云服务提供商在存储资源调度过程中有更大的优化空间，并更好地发挥存储资源的效能。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法的步骤的先后顺序可以进行适当调整，步骤也可以根据情况进行相应增减。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化的方法，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内，因此不再赘述。
下面对本申请实施例的虚拟装置举例说明。
例如，图5是本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置的结构示意图。如图5所示，装置500包括：获取模块501和创建模块502。
获取模块501，用于获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求，虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源，每个存储池由一种存储介质构成，多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。这里，获取模块501具体用于执行上述步骤201。
创建模块502，用于根据第一存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，第一存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用，第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。这里，创建模块502具体用于执行上述步骤202。
可选地，创建模块502，用于：根据第一存储性能需求和多个存储池的存储性能，在多个存储池中确定第一类存储池，第一类存储池包括多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。当第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，将第一类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
可选地，创建模块502，还用于：当第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的存储池，根据第一存储性能需求和多个存储池的存储性能，在多个存储池中确定第二类存储池，第二类存储池包括多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池。将第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为第一存储池。
可选地，第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，存储池的存储性能不低于第一存储性能需求，包括：存储池的可用存储带宽不低于存储带宽需求。
可选地，获取模块501，还用于获取虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求，第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求，第二时段与第一时段不同。创建模块502，还用于根据第二存储业务需求，在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，第二存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第二时段内使用，第二存储池的存储性能与第二存储性能需求相匹配，且第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足第二物理容量需求。这里，获取模块501具体用于执行上述步骤203。创建模块502具体用于执行上述步骤204。
可选地，第二时段为第一时段的下一个时段，第二存储池与第一存储池不同。如图6所示，装置500 还包括：迁移模块503。迁移模块503，用于在多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，将第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至第二存储卷。这里，迁移模块503具体用于执行上述步骤205。
可选地，如图7所示，装置还包括：确定模块504。确定模块504，用于根据第一存储池的存储介质类型、第一存储卷的物理容量和第一时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第一时段的收费价格，并且，根据第二存储池的存储介质类型、第二存储卷的物理容量和第二时段的时长，确定虚拟实例在第二时段的收费价格。
一种可实现方式，获取模块501，用于：根据虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定第一存储业务需求，第三时段为第一时段的上一个时段。
另一种可实现方式，获取模块501，用于：根据预先存储的虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系，确定虚拟实例在第一时段对应的第一存储业务需求。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
下面对本申请实施例的硬件装置举例说明。
本申请实施例提供了一种云平台。图8示例性的提供了云平台的一种可能的架构图。如图8所示，该云平台800可以包括处理器801、存储器802、通信接口803和总线804。在云平台中，处理器801的数量可以是一个或多个，图8仅示意了其中一个处理器801。可选的，处理器801可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)。若云平台具有多个处理器801，多个处理器801的类型可以不同，或者可以相同。可选的，云平台的多个处理器还可以集成为多核处理器。
存储器802用于存储计算机指令和数据，存储器802可以存储实现本申请提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法所需的计算机指令和数据。存储器802可以是以下存储介质的任一种或任一种组合：非易失性存储器(如只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、SSD、硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD等)、光盘、易失性存储器。
通信接口803可以是以下器件的任一种或任一种组合：网络接口(如以太网接口)、无线网卡等具有网络接入功能的器件。
通信接口803用于云平台与其他节点或者其他云平台进行数据通信。
图8还示例性地绘制出总线804。总线804可以将处理器801与存储器802、通信接口803连接。这样，通过总线804，处理器801可以访问存储器802，还可以利用通信接口803与其他节点或者其他云平台进行数据交互。
在本申请中，云平台执行存储器802中的计算机指令，可以实现本申请提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法。例如，获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求，该虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源，每个存储池由一种存储介质构成，该多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池。根据第一存储业务需求，在该多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，第一存储卷用于供虚拟实例在第一时段内使用，第一存储池的存储性能与第一存储性能需求相匹配，且第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足第一物理容量需求。并且，云平台通过执行存储器802中的计算机指令，执行本申请提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法的步骤的实现过程可以相应参考上述方法实施例中对应的描述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质为非易失性计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括程序指令，当程序指令在计算机设备上运行时，使得计算机设备执行如本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例提供的虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要说明的是，本申请所涉及的信息(包括但不限于用户设备信息、用户个人信息等)、数据(包括但不限于用于分析的数据、存储的数据、展示的数据等)以及信号，均为经用户授权或者经过各方充分授权的，且相关数据的收集、使用和处理需要遵守相关国家和地区的相关法律法规和标准。例如，本申请中涉及到的存储业务需求、存储数据等都是在充分授权的情况下获取的。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的构思和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于云平台，所述方法包括：
    获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，所述第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求，所述虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源，每个所述存储池由一种存储介质构成，所述多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池；
    根据所述第一存储业务需求，在所述多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，所述第一存储卷用于供所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段内使用，所述第一存储池的存储性能与所述第一存储性能需求相匹配，且所述第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一存储业务需求，在所述多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，包括：
    根据所述第一存储性能需求和所述多个存储池的存储性能，在所述多个存储池中确定第一类存储池，所述第一类存储池包括所述多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近所述第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；
    当所述第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的存储池，将所述第一类存储池中空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为所述第一存储池。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的存储池，根据所述第一存储性能需求和所述多个存储池的存储性能，在所述多个存储池中确定第二类存储池，所述第二类存储池包括所述多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近所述第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；
    将所述第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为所述第一存储池。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，存储池的存储性能不低于所述第一存储性能需求，包括：所述存储池的可用存储带宽不低于所述存储带宽需求。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获取所述虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求，所述第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求，所述第二时段与所述第一时段不同；
    根据所述第二存储业务需求，在所述多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，所述第二存储卷用于供所述虚拟实例在所述第二时段内使用，所述第二存储池的存储性能与所述第二存储性能需求相匹配，且所述第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足所述第二物理容量需求。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二时段为所述第一时段的下一个时段，所述第二存储池与所述第一存储池不同，在所述多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，所述方法还包括：
    将所述第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至所述第二存储卷。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一存储池的存储介质类型、所述第一存储卷的物理容量和所述第一时段的时长，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段的收费价格，并且，根据所述第二存储池的存储介质类型、所述第二存储卷的物理容量和所述第二时段的时长，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第二时段的收费价格。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业 务需求，包括：
    根据所述虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定所述第一存储业务需求，所述第三时段为所述第一时段的上一个时段。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述云平台中存储有所述虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系，所述获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，包括：
    根据所述对应关系，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段对应的所述第一存储业务需求。
  10. 一种虚拟实例的存储资源管理装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，用于获取虚拟实例在第一时段内的第一存储业务需求，所述第一存储业务需求包括第一存储性能需求和第一物理容量需求，所述虚拟实例被配置为能够调用多个存储池的存储资源，每个所述存储池由一种存储介质构成，所述多个存储池包括由不同存储介质构成的至少两类存储池；
    创建模块，用于根据所述第一存储业务需求，在所述多个存储池中的第一存储池内创建第一存储卷，所述第一存储卷用于供所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段内使用，所述第一存储池的存储性能与所述第一存储性能需求相匹配，且所述第一存储池的空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述创建模块，用于：
    根据所述第一存储性能需求和所述多个存储池的存储性能，在所述多个存储池中确定第一类存储池，所述第一类存储池包括所述多个存储池中存储性能不低于且最接近所述第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；
    当所述第一类存储池中存在空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的存储池，将所述第一类存储池中空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为所述第一存储池。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述创建模块，还用于：
    当所述第一类存储池中不存在空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的存储池，根据所述第一存储性能需求和所述多个存储池的存储性能，在所述多个存储池中确定第二类存储池，所述第二类存储池包括所述多个存储池中存储性能低于且最接近所述第一存储性能需求的一个或多个存储池；
    将所述第二类存储池中空闲存储资源满足所述第一物理容量需求的一个存储池确定为所述第一存储池。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一存储性能需求包括存储带宽需求，存储池的存储性能不低于所述第一存储性能需求，包括：所述存储池的可用存储带宽不低于所述存储带宽需求。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13任一所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述获取模块，还用于获取所述虚拟实例在第二时段内的第二存储业务需求，所述第二存储业务需求包括第二存储性能需求和第二物理容量需求，所述第二时段与所述第一时段不同；
    所述创建模块，还用于根据所述第二存储业务需求，在所述多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷，所述第二存储卷用于供所述虚拟实例在所述第二时段内使用，所述第二存储池的存储性能与所述第二存储性能需求相匹配，且所述第二存储池的空闲存储资源满足所述第二物理容量需求。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二时段为所述第一时段的下一个时段，所述第二存储池与所述第一存储池不同，所述装置还包括：
    迁移模块，用于在所述多个存储池中的第二存储池内创建第二存储卷之后，将所述第一存储卷中的存储数据迁移至所述第二存储卷。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    确定模块，用于根据所述第一存储池的存储介质类型、所述第一存储卷的物理容量和所述第一时段的 时长，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段的收费价格，并且，根据所述第二存储池的存储介质类型、所述第二存储卷的物理容量和所述第二时段的时长，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第二时段的收费价格。
  17. 根据权利要求10至16任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取模块，用于：
    根据所述虚拟实例在第三时段内的存储业务量变化趋势，确定所述第一存储业务需求，所述第三时段为所述第一时段的上一个时段。
  18. 根据权利要求10至16任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取模块，用于：
    根据预先存储的所述虚拟实例在多个时段分别与存储业务需求的对应关系，确定所述虚拟实例在所述第一时段对应的所述第一存储业务需求。
  19. 一种云平台，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有程序指令，所述处理器运行所述程序指令以执行权利要求1至9任一所述的方法。
  20. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序指令，当所述程序指令在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行如权利要求1至9任一所述的方法。
  21. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至9任一所述的方法。
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