WO2024065424A1 - 链路优化方法和系统 - Google Patents
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- the present invention relates to the field of industrial Internet, and in particular to a link optimization method and system.
- the embodiments of the present invention propose a link optimization method on the one hand, and a link optimization system on the other hand, so as to realize link optimization to the maximum extent.
- a link optimization method proposed in an embodiment of the present invention includes: pre-setting a multi-gateway working cluster for the current industrial network, in which a main gateway and at least one backup gateway are selected, and each gateway corresponds to a communication link for accessing the network; the multi-gateway working cluster is provided with at least one working mode, and the at least one working mode includes: a first working mode and/or a second working mode; in the first working mode, the main gateway selects a gateway with the smallest link delay to transmit relevant data, wherein, when the gateway with the smallest link delay is a backup gateway, the backup gateway is used as a transit gateway, and a communication tunnel is established with the transit gateway, and the relevant data is transmitted through the communication tunnel and the transit gateway; in the second working mode, the main gateway selects the corresponding backup gateway as the transit gateway for the current communication data according to the data type of the current communication data and the pre-established mapping rule between the data type and the backup gateway, and establishes a communication tunnel with the transit gateway, and the current data is transmitted through the
- a link optimization system proposed in an embodiment of the present invention includes: multiple gateways, each of which accesses a network through a communication link; and a switch, which is used to exchange information between the multiple gateways; the multiple gateways and the switch constitute a multi-gateway working cluster of an industrial network, in which a main gateway and at least one backup gateway are selected; the multi-gateway working cluster is provided with at least one working mode, and the at least one working mode includes: a first working mode and/or a second working mode; in the first working mode, the main gateway selects a gateway with the smallest link delay to transmit relevant data, wherein when the gateway with the smallest link delay is a backup gateway, the backup gateway is used as a transit gateway, and a communication tunnel is established with the transit gateway, and the relevant data is transmitted through the communication tunnel and the transit gateway; in the second working mode, the main gateway selects the corresponding backup gateway as the transit gateway for the current communication data according to the data type of the current communication data and the pre-established mapping rule between the data type and the backup
- the gateway with the smallest link delay can be selected for data transmission based on the network delay of each communication link measured in real time.
- the backup gateway is used as a transit gateway for data transmission.
- the backup network of the communication link suitable for the current data type can be selected as the transit gateway for data transmission based on pre-set rules, thereby avoiding network congestion and low link transmission performance to the greatest extent and realizing link optimization.
- the multi-gateway working cluster can be compatible with the existing gateway cluster implementation, thereby improving the flexibility and compatibility of the multi-gateway working cluster.
- FIG1 is an exemplary flow chart of a link optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-gateway working cluster in an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of link optimization in a first working mode in an example of the present invention.
- 4A to 4C are schematic diagrams of link optimization under various network conditions in an example of the present invention.
- network-level optimization, bandwidth reduction algorithms, and various other protocol camouflage and optimization technologies are usually used in the application layer to compensate and help lossy links, thereby reducing bandwidth costs and mitigating the impact of delays, thereby achieving application centralization.
- these are only optimizations for a single link, and are subject to the performance of a single link, and can only play a limited role. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is considered to integrate the wide area network resources of multiple network devices to achieve the maximum performance that traditional network resources cannot achieve.
- the core is to allow users to manage the wide area network intelligently, and users can schedule and integrate wide area network traffic according to expected strategies. Specifically, network failures can be automatically detected and switched to reliable backup network links. When excessive traffic causes network congestion, traffic can be transferred to other redundant links, and when performing tasks with higher real-time requirements, faster links can be selected.
- exemplary and “illustrative” mean “serving as an example, instance or illustration”, and any illustration or implementation described in this document as “exemplary” or “illustrative” should not be construed as a more preferred or more advantageous technical solution.
- FIG1 is an exemplary flow chart of a link optimization method in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG1 , the method may include the following steps:
- Step 101 pre-setting a multi-gateway working cluster for the current industrial network, in which a main gateway and at least one backup gateway are selected, and each gateway corresponds to a communication link connected to a remote server.
- FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-gateway working cluster in an example of the present invention.
- the multi-gateway working cluster includes: three gateways GW1, GW2, GW3 and a switch SW.
- the IP addresses of the three gateways are 192.168.200.1, 192.168.200.2 and 192.168.200.3 respectively.
- the main gateway such as GW2
- other gateways in the cluster such as GW1 and GW3, can be used as backup gateways.
- Each gateway corresponds to a communication link to access the network (NW, Network), which can access the wide area network, the factory private network, and the cloud platform.
- the main gateway and each backup gateway can have the same virtual interface, that is, each gateway is packaged as a virtual gateway relative to the client CLT, for example, the VRRP virtual IP address is configured as the default gateway address such as 192.168.200.200.
- the switch SW is used to exchange information between the client CLT and the virtual gateway and between the gateways GW1, GW2, GW3.
- each gateway can define the role of each gateway and the unique ID of each gateway in the file. You can also define the proxy address of MQTT messages. You can select any gateway in the cluster as the MQTT message broker. Each gateway in the cluster exchanges network information through MQTT messages.
- the multi-gateway working cluster is provided with at least one working mode, and the at least one working mode includes: a first working mode and/or a second working mode. In addition, it may further include a third working mode.
- the first working mode can be called a free running working mode
- the second working mode can be called a regular working mode
- the third working mode can be called a fixed working mode.
- Step 102 according to the user's configuration of the current working mode of the multi-gateway working cluster, the multi-gateway working cluster is configured to the current working mode, and link optimization is performed in the current working mode. After the current working mode is determined, the main gateway can push the current working mode to the backup gateway.
- the address of the remote server in the free running working mode can be defined; the IP address of the remote server corresponding to each backup gateway, the protocol used for the sent data, and the listening port of the remote server in the rule working mode can be defined.
- Different protocols can correspond to different data types.
- Each gateway has a configuration file. Once the current working mode is determined, IP tunnel rules and routing rules will be added according to the configuration defined for the relevant gateway in the file.
- the following shows a configuration file corresponding to a gateway in an example, which includes the following code:
- FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of link optimization when the current working mode is the first working mode in an example.
- the configuration file is configured with only one remote server for free running working mode. That is, only the data sent to the remote server needs to pay attention to the delay, and the data sent to other remote servers can be sent as usual (for example, sent through the main gateway).
- the link optimization process may include the following processing:
- each gateway in the main gateway GM2 and the backup gateways GM1 and GM3 periodically sends PING data packets such as ICMP data packets to a set remote server (RS, Remote Server) connected to the network and receives PING response packets such as ICMP response packets from the set remote server to test the link delay to the set remote server such as RTT test results.
- PING data packets such as ICMP data packets
- RS Remote Server
- the primary gateway and each backup gateway may periodically send a PING data packet to the set remote server.
- each backup gateway GM1, GM3 sends its own link delay information such as RTT test result information to the main gateway GM2.
- the main gateway GM2 finds the gateway with the smallest link delay based on the link delay information of each backup gateway GM1, GM3 and itself. If the gateway with the smallest link delay is a backup gateway, such as the backup gateway GM1, the backup gateway GM1 with the smallest link delay is used as the transit gateway. If the gateway with the smallest link delay is the main gateway GM2, the main gateway GM2 performs data transmission. In this embodiment, the case where the gateway with the smallest link delay is the backup gateway GM1 is taken as an example.
- the main gateway GM2 can periodically search for the gateway with the smallest link delay based on the link delay information of each backup gateway and itself; or, when the main gateway GM2 does not receive a PING response packet for more than a set time, such as the first set time, it can select the backup gateway with the smallest link delay as the transit gateway based on the link delay information of each backup gateway.
- this embodiment can further include a second set time, and when each gateway does not receive a PING response packet for more than the second set time, the corresponding link delay can be set to infinity. Among them, the second set time is greater than the first set time.
- the master gateway GM2 sends a notification message to the backup gateway GM1 serving as the transit gateway to notify the backup gateway GM1 that it is selected as the transit gateway.
- the main gateway GM2 establishes a communication tunnel with the backup gateway GM1 serving as a transit gateway, and transmits relevant data through the communication tunnel and the backup gateway GM1 serving as a transit gateway.
- the main gateway GM2 will establish a communication tunnel to the backup gateway GM1, and the backup gateway GM1 will also establish a communication tunnel to the main gateway GM2.
- the main gateway can record the gateway with the smallest link delay.
- the client CLT such as industrial equipment
- the client first sends the data packet to the main gateway GM2 through a switch (not shown in the figure), and then sends these data packets to the backup gateway GM1 through the communication tunnel.
- the WAN link of the backup gateway GM1 is ultimately used to communicate with the remote server.
- the backup gateway GM1 also sends the response packet of the remote server RS back to the main gateway GM2 through the communication tunnel, and finally the main gateway GM2 sends the response packet to the client CLT.
- rules for establishing a tunnel can be added in advance.
- the ipip module can be installed in the Linux system to support the tunnel establishment command.
- the parameters of dev in the ipip module can be set to determine which communication tunnel to send out.
- a routing rule for routing the data packet to the communication tunnel is added. For example, assuming that the tunnel name is tun2001, the primary gateway IP address is 192.168.200.2, and the IP address of the backup gateway with the lowest delay is 192.168-200.200.1.
- the corresponding tunnel rules and routing rules can be:
- ip tunnel add tun2001 mode ip ip local 192.168.200.2 remote 192.168.200.1.
- the link optimization process in this embodiment may include:
- Each of the primary gateway and the backup gateway periodically sends PING data packets such as ICMP data packets to at least two set remote servers (RS, Remote Server) connected to the network and receives PING response packets such as ICMP response packets from the at least two set remote servers to test the link delay to each of the at least two set remote servers such as RTT test results.
- PING data packets such as ICMP data packets
- RS Remote Server
- PING response packets such as ICMP response packets from the at least two set remote servers to test the link delay to each of the at least two set remote servers such as RTT test results.
- Each backup gateway sends the link delay information from itself to the at least two set remote servers, such as RTT test result information, to the primary gateway.
- the main gateway finds the gateway with the smallest link delay to each of the set remote servers according to the link delay information between each backup gateway and itself and the at least two set remote servers.
- the main gateway can periodically search for the gateway with the smallest link delay to each set remote server based on the link delay information between each backup gateway and itself and each set remote server; or, when the main gateway does not receive a PING response packet from a set remote server for more than a set time, such as the first set time, it can select the backup gateway with the smallest link delay to the set remote server as the transit gateway based on the link delay information from each backup gateway to the set remote server.
- the present embodiment can further include a second set time, and when each gateway does not receive a PING response packet from a set remote server for more than the second set time, the link delay from itself to the set remote server can be set to infinity. The second set time is greater than the first set time.
- the backup gateway with the smallest link delay is used as the transit gateway, and a notification message is sent to the backup gateway as the transit gateway to notify the backup gateway that it is selected as the transit gateway.
- a communication tunnel is established between the main gateway and the backup gateway as the transit gateway. If the gateway with the smallest link delay is the main gateway, the main gateway performs data transmission.
- the main gateway records the gateway with the smallest link delay to each set remote server, and when receiving data sent to a set remote server, uses the gateway with the smallest link delay to the set remote server to transmit the data according to the record; if the gateway with the smallest link delay to the set remote server is a backup gateway, the data is transmitted through the communication tunnel established with the backup gateway and the backup gateway; if the gateway with the smallest link delay to the set remote server is the main gateway, the data is transmitted by the main gateway.
- the process of link optimization may include: the main gateway selects the corresponding backup gateway as the transit gateway based on the data type of the current communication data and the pre-established mapping rules between the data type and the backup gateway, and establishes a communication tunnel with the transit gateway, and transmits the current data through the communication tunnel and the transit gateway.
- the backup gateway for diversion is directly specified in the configuration file.
- the main gateway is used to forward industrial real-time data.
- some video data needs to be sent.
- the video data can be pre-specified in the configuration file to be forwarded through a backup gateway.
- the backup gateway can also send the response packet from the remote server back to the main gateway through the communication tunnel, and finally the main gateway sends the response packet to the client.
- tunnel name is tun2001
- primary gateway IP address is 192.168.200.2
- backup gateway 2001 IP address is 92.168.2.200.1.
- the corresponding tunnel rules and routing rules are:
- ip tunnel add tun2001 mode ip ip local 192.168.200.2 remote 192.168.200.1.
- the primary gateway will periodically send VRRP notification messages to the backup gateways. Once the backup gateway fails to receive notification messages from the primary gateway within the set time, it can be determined that the primary gateway has failed. At this time, the backup gateways negotiate with each other and select the backup gateway with the highest priority as the new primary gateway for data transmission based on the pre-set priorities of the backup gateways.
- the main gateway when the current working mode is the third working mode, the main gateway is fixed to perform data transmission.
- the backup gateways negotiate with each other and can select the backup gateway with the highest priority as the new main gateway for data transmission according to the pre-set priorities of the backup gateways. Among them, the main gateway will periodically send VRRP notification messages to the backup gateways. Once the backup gateway does not receive the notification message from the main gateway within the set time, it can be determined that the main gateway has failed.
- link optimization under various network conditions as shown in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C can be achieved.
- link optimization can be achieved by switching the backup gateway to a new main gateway. This link optimization can be achieved in the first to third working modes.
- a primary gateway link failure when a primary gateway link failure occurs, it can be achieved by establishing a communication tunnel between the primary gateway and the backup gateway, and using the backup gateway as a transit gateway. This link optimization can be achieved in the first working mode.
- this can be achieved by establishing a communication tunnel between the main gateway and the backup gateway, and using the backup gateway as a transit gateway.
- This link optimization can be achieved in both the first working mode and the second working mode.
- the first working mode by detecting the link performance in real time and selecting a backup gateway with low network latency as a transit gateway, communication links with network congestion and low network transmission performance can be avoided to continue data transmission.
- the second working mode possible network congestion and low network transmission performance can be avoided in advance by prejudging the transmission characteristics of each communication link and planning in advance the communication links required for the transmission of different data types or large amounts of data.
- the link optimization method in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, and the link optimization system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
- the link optimization system in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to implement the link optimization method in the embodiment of the present invention.
- details not disclosed in detail in the embodiment of the system of the present invention please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment of the method of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.
- the link optimization system in the embodiment of the present invention may be shown in FIG. 2 , including: an interactive machine and multiple gateways.
- Each gateway is connected to the network through a communication link.
- the switch is used to exchange information between the multiple gateways.
- the primary gateway and the at least one backup gateway can exchange information based on the MQTT protocol.
- the plurality of gateways and the switch constitute a multi-gateway working cluster of an industrial network, in which a master gateway and at least one backup gateway are selected.
- the master gateway and the at least one backup gateway may have the same virtual interface.
- the multi-gateway working cluster is configured with at least one working mode, and the at least one working mode includes: a first working mode and/or a second working mode.
- the main gateway selects the gateway with the smallest link delay to transmit relevant data.
- the gateway with the smallest link delay is a backup gateway
- the backup gateway is used as a transit gateway, and a communication tunnel is established with the transit gateway.
- the relevant data is transmitted through the communication tunnel and the transit gateway.
- the main gateway and the at least one backup gateway further send a PING data packet to the set remote server and receive a PING response packet from the set remote server to test the link delay to the set remote server; each backup gateway sends its own link delay information to the main gateway; the main gateway finds the gateway with the smallest link delay based on the link delay information of each backup gateway and itself.
- the main gateway regularly finds the gateway with the smallest link delay based on the link delay information of each backup gateway and itself; or, when the main gateway does not receive a PING response packet within a set time, it can select the backup gateway with the smallest link delay as the transit gateway based on the link delay information of each backup gateway.
- the main gateway and the at least one backup gateway periodically send PING data packets to the at least two set remote servers and receive PING response packets from the at least two set remote servers to test the link delay to each of the at least two set remote servers; each backup gateway sends the link delay information from itself to the at least two set remote servers to the main gateway; the main gateway finds the gateway with the smallest link delay to each set remote server according to the link delay information from each backup gateway and from itself to the at least two set remote servers, and records the gateway with the smallest link delay to each set remote server; when receiving data sent to a set remote server, the gateway with the smallest link delay to the set remote server is used for data transmission according to the record.
- the main gateway selects the corresponding backup gateway as the transit gateway for the current communication data according to the data type of the current communication data and the pre-established mapping rules between the data type and the backup gateway, and establishes a communication tunnel with the transit gateway to transmit the current data through the communication tunnel and the transit gateway.
- the at least one working mode may further include: a third working mode; in the third working mode, the main gateway is fixed to perform data transmission.
- the backup gateways negotiate with each other and select the backup gateway with the highest priority as the new main gateway for data transmission based on the pre-set priorities of each backup gateway.
- the gateway with the smallest link delay can be selected for data transmission based on the network delay of each communication link measured in real time.
- the gateway with the smallest link is a backup gateway
- the backup gateway is used as a transit gateway for data transmission.
- a backup network of a communication link suitable for the current data type can be selected as a transit gateway for data transmission based on pre-set rules, thereby avoiding network congestion and low link transmission performance to the greatest extent and achieving link optimization.
- the multi-gateway working cluster can be compatible with the existing gateway cluster implementation, thereby improving the flexibility and compatibility of the multi-gateway working cluster.
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Abstract
本发明实施例中公开了一种链路优化方法和系统。其中，方法包括：为当前工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，其选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关；所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，其包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式；在第一工作模式下，主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并与之建立通信隧道，以进行当前数据的传输；在第二工作模式下，主网关根据预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与之建立通信隧道，以进行当前数据的传输。本发明实施例中的技术方案能够实现链路优化。
Description
本发明涉及工业互联网领域，特别是一种链路优化方法和系统。
随着工业互联网的发展，越来越多的车间设备(如机床、机器人、AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)等)连接到工业网络。网络的稳定性和高效传输在制造企业的生产活动中起着至关重要的作用。控制流量是网络管理的一个关键方面。有时主连接会中断，或者过多的流量可能会导致拥塞的链路或过载的设备无法使用。对于需要随时将其技术、设备和应用程序连接到控制中心和云的制造企业来说，这是一项成本高昂且令人疲惫不堪的工作。
为此，本领域内的技术人员还在致力于寻找较佳的链路优化解决方案。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例中一方面提出了一种链路优化方法，另一方面提出了一种链路优化系统，用以最大限度地实现链路优化。
本发明实施例中提出的一种链路优化方法，包括：为当前工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关，每个网关对应一条接入网络的通信链路；所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式；在所述第一工作模式下，所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当所述链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行相关数据的传输；在所述第二工作模式下，所述主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为所述当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行所述当前数据的传输。
本发明实施例中提出的一种链路优化系统，包括：多个网关，分别通过一条通信链路接入网络；和一个交换机，用于在所述多个网关之间进行信息交换；所述多个网关和所述交换机构成一工业网络的多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主 网关和至少一个备份网关；所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式；在所述第一工作模式下，所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当所述链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行相关数据的传输；在所述第二工作模式下，所述主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为所述当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行所述当前数据的传输。
从上述方案中可以看出，本发明实施例中，由于为工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，且为所述多网关工作集群提供有第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式，使得在第一工作模式下，可基于实时测得的各通信链路的网络延迟来选取链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输，当链路最小的网关为备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关进行数据传输，在第二工作模式下，可基于预先设定的规则来选取适合当前数据类型的通信链路的备份网络来作为中转网关进行数据传输，从而最大限度地规避网络拥塞和低链路传输性能的出现，实现了链路优化。
此外，通过提供第三工作模式可使得所述多网关工作集群可兼容现有的网关集群实现，提高多网关工作集群的灵活性和可兼容性。
下面将通过参照附图详细描述本发明的优选实施例，使本领域的普通技术人员更清楚本发明的上述及其它特征和优点，附图中：
图1为本发明实施例中链路优化方法的示例性流程图。
图2为本发明一个例子中的多网关工作集群的示意图。
图3为本发明一个例子中第一工作模式下进行链路优化的示意图。
图4A至图4C为本发明一个例子中的各种网络状况下的链路优化示意图。
其中，附图标记如下：
| 标号 | 含义 |
| 101～102 | 步骤 |
| GM1、GM2、GM3 | 网关 |
| SW | 交换机 |
| CLT | 客户端 |
| RS | 远程服务器 |
本发明实施例中，考虑到目前通常是通过网络级优化、带宽减少算法和应用层中使用各种其他协议伪装和优化技术以补偿和帮助有损链路，进而来降低带宽成本和减轻延迟影响，从而实现应用程序集中化。但这些都只是针对单链路的优化，受制于单链路的性能，仅能起到有限的作用。因此，本实施例中，考虑集成多个网络设备的广域网资源，以实现传统网络资源无法实现的最大性能。其核心是让用户智能地管理广域网，用户可以根据预期策略调度和集成广域网流量。具体地，可以自动检测网络故障并切换到可靠的备份网络链路。当过多的流量导致网络拥塞时，可以将流量转移到其他冗余链路，并且在执行实时性要求较高的任务时，可以选择速度更快的链路。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式，在各图中相同的标号表示结构相同或结构相似但功能相同的部件。
在本文中，“示例性”、“示意性”表示“充当实例、例子或说明”，不应将在本文中被描述为“示例性”、“示意性”的任何图示、实施方式解释为一种更优选的或更具优点的技术方案。
为使图面简洁，各图中只示意性地表示出了与本发明相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。
在本文中，“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”，也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。在本文中，“第一”、“第二”等仅用于彼此的区分，而非表示它们的重要程度及顺序等。
图1为本发明实施例中链路优化方法的示例性流程图。如图1所示，该方法可包括如下步骤：
步骤101，为当前工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关，每个网关对应一条连通一远程服务器的通信链路。
图2为本发明一个例子中的多网关工作集群的示意图。如图2所示，该多网关工作集群中包括：三个网关GW1、GW2、GW3和一个交换机SW。其中，三个网关的IP地址分别为192.168.200.1、192.168.200.2和192.168.200.3。具体实现时，本示例中可基于VRRP协议的选择策略选取主网关，例如GW2，负责ARP响应和转发IP数据包，并将 集群中的其他网关例如GW1和GW3作为备份网关。每个网关对应一条接入网络(NW，Network)的通信链路，该通信链路可以接入广域网，可以接入工厂专网，还可以接入云平台等。具体实现时，主网关和各备份网关可具有同一个虚拟接口，即各网关相对于客户端CLT来说被包装成一个虚拟网关，例如将VRRP虚拟IP地址配置为默认的网关地址如192.168.200.200。这样，主网关和备份网关之间的切换操作对客户端如各工业设备来说是透明的，即客户端只需面对一个虚拟网关。交换机SW用于在客户端CLT与所述虚拟网关之间进行信息交换以及在各网关GW1、GW2、GW3相互之间进行信息交换。
初始配置时，可在文件中定义各网关的角色以及每个网关的唯一ID。还可定义MQTT消息的代理地址，可以选择集群中的任意一个网关作为MQTT的消息代理，集群中的每个网关通过MQTT消息交换网络信息。
所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式。此外，还可以进一步包括第三工作模式。
其中，第一工作模式可称为自由运行工作模式，第二工作模式可称为规则工作模式，第三工作模式可称为固定工作模式。
步骤102，根据用户对所述多网关工作集群的当前工作模式的配置，将所述多网关工作集群配置为当前工作模式，并在所述当前工作模式下，进行链路优化。其中，当前工作模式确定之后，可由主网关将所述当前工作模式推送给备份网关。
本实施例中，具体实现时，可以在配置文件中配置不同工作模式的详细信息。例如，可定义自由运行工作模式下远程服务器的地址；可定义规则工作模式下，各备份网关对应的远程服务器的IP地址、所发送数据采用的协议及远程服务器的监听端口。其中，不同的协议可对应不同的数据类型。
每个网关都有一个配置文件。一旦当前工作模式确定之后，将根据文件中为相关网关定义的配置添加IP隧道规则和路由规则。
例如，下面示出了一个例子中对应一网关的配置文件，其包括如下代码：
图3示出了一个例子中所述当前工作模式为第一工作模式时进行链路优化的示意图。本例子中，针对配置文件中仅配置有一个用于自由运行工作模式下的远程服务器的情况。即只有发送给该远程服务器的数据才需要关注时延，发送给其他远程服务器的数据照常发送(例如，通过主网关发送)即可。如图3所示，该链路优化过程可包括如下处理：
S1，主网关GM2和备份网关GM1、GM3中的每个网关定期向接入所述网络的一设定远程服务器(RS，Remote Server)发送PING数据包如ICMP数据包并接收来自所述 设定远程服务器的PING应答包如ICMP应答包，以测试到所述设定远程服务器的链路延迟如RTT测试结果。
本步骤中，主网关和各备份网关可周期性的向所述设定远程服务器发送PING数据包。
S2，各备份网关GM1、GM3将自身的链路延迟信息如RTT测试结果信息发送给所述主网关GM2。
S3，主网关GM2根据各备份网关GM1、GM3以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关。如果链路延迟最小的网关为备份网关例如备份网关GM1，则将所述链路延迟最小的备份网关GM1作为中转网关。如果链路延迟最小的网关为主网关GM2，则由主网关GM2进行数据传输。本实施例中以链路延迟最小的网关为备份网关GM1的情况为例。
本步骤中，具体实现时，主网关GM2可以定期根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息查找链路延迟最小的网关；或者，主网关GM2也可在自身超过一设定时间如第一设定时间未收到PING应答包时，根据各备份网关的链路延迟信息选取链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关。此外，本实施例中还可进一步包括第二设定时间，当各网关超过第二设定时间未收到PING应答包时，可将自身对应的链路延迟设置为无限大。其中，第二设定时间大于第一设定时间。
S4，主网关GM2向作为中转网关的备份网关GM1发送通知消息以通知所述备份网关GM1其被选为中转网关。
S5，主网关GM2与作为中转网关的备份网关GM1建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述作为中转网关的备份网关GM1进行相关数据的传输。
本步骤中，主网关GM2会建立到备份网关GM1的通信隧道，备份网关GM1也会建立到主网关GM2的通信隧道。主网关可记录所述链路延迟最小的网关，当客户端CLT如工业设备想要向该设定远程服务器RS发送数据时，客户端首先将数据包通过交换机(图中未示出)发送到主网关GM2，然后将这些数据包通过所述通信隧道发送到备份网关GM1。备份网关GM1的WAN链路最终用于与远程服务器通信。备份网关GM1还通过所述通信隧道将远程服务器RS的应答包发送回主网关GM2，最后主网关GM2将应答包发送给客户端CLT。
本实施例中，可预先添加用于建立隧道的规则，例如，可通过在Linux系统下安装ipip模块以支持隧道建立命令，通过设置ipip模块中dev的参数来确定通过哪个通信隧 道发送出去，通信隧道建立好后，添加用于将数据包路由到所述通信隧道的路由规则。例如，假设隧道名称为tun2001，主网关IP地址为192.168.200.2，找到的延迟最低的备份网关的IP地址是192.168-200.200.1。相应的隧道规则和路由规则可以为：
ip tunnel add tun2001 mode ipip local 192.168.200.2 remote 192.168.200.1.
ip link set dev tun2001 up
ip route add 110.242.68.4 dev tun2001
针对配置文件中配置有两个或两个以上的用于自由运行工作模式下的远程服务器的情况。例如，发送给第一远程服务器的数据和发送给第二远程服务器的数据均需要关注时延，发送给其他远程服务器的数据照常发送(例如，通过主网关发送)。在这种情况下，本实施例中的链路优化过程可包括：
A、主网关和备份网关中的每个网关定期向接入所述网络的至少两个设定远程服务器(RS，Remote Server)发送PING数据包如ICMP数据包并接收来自所述至少两个设定远程服务器的PING应答包如ICMP应答包，以测试到所述至少两个设定远程服务器各自的链路延迟如RTT测试结果。
B、各备份网关将自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息如RTT测试结果信息发送给所述主网关。
C、主网关根据各备份网关以及自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息，分别找到到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关。
本步骤中，与图3中的描述类似，主网关可以定期根据各备份网关以及自身到各设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息查找到各设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关；或者，主网关也可在自身超过一设定时间如第一设定时间未收到来自一设定远程服务器的PING应答包时，根据各备份网关到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息选取到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关。此外，本实施例中还可进一步包括第二设定时间，当各网关超过第二设定时间未收到来自一设定远程服务器的PING应答包时，可将自身到所述设定远程服务器的链路延迟设置为无限大。其中，第二设定时间大于第一设定时间。
D、如果链路延迟最小的网关为备份网关，则将所述链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关，并向作为中转网关的备份网关发送通知消息以通知所述备份网关其被选为中转网关。同时，主网关与作为中转网关的备份网关之间建立通信隧道。如果链路延迟最小的网关为主网关，则由主网关进行数据传输。
E、主网关记录到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关，并在接收到发往一设定远程服务器的数据时，根据所述记录采用到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输，如果到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关为备份网关，则通过与所述备份网关建立的通信隧道以及所述备份网关进行所述数据的传输；如果到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关为主网关，则由所述主网关进行所述数据的传输。
此外，所述当前工作模式为第二工作模式时，进行链路优化的过程可包括：主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行当前数据的传输。
如前述文件所示，其具有一个列表“rules”，用于指定规则工作模式下的配置。在这种工作模式下，不需要进行测试以找到用于数据分流的备份网关。相反，其直接在配置文件中指定用于分流的备份网关。例如，在某些情况下，主网关用于转发工业实时数据。此外，还需要发送一些视频数据，为了不影响实时数据传输，在配置文件中可预先指定视频数据通过一个备份网关转发。此外，备份网关还可通过通信隧道将来自远程服务器的应答包发送回主网关，最后主网关将应答包发送给客户端。
具体实现时，假设隧道名称为tun2001，主网关IP地址为192.168.200.2，备份网关2001IP地址为92.168.2.200.1。相应的隧道规则和路由规则为：
ip tunnel add tun2001 mode ipip local 192.168.200.2 remote 192.168.200.1.
ip link set dev tun2001 up
echo“121 customer_2001”>>/etc/iproute2/rt_tables
ip route add 110.242.68.3 dev tun2001 table customer_2001
ip rule add dport 80 table customer_2001 protocol 6
在上述第一工作模式和第二工作模式下，主网关会定期向备份网关发送VRRP的通告消息，一旦备份网关在设定时间内收不到来自主网关的通告消息，便可确定主网关发生故障。此时备份网关之间进行协商并可根据预先设定的各备份网关的优先级，选取优先级最高的备份网关作为新的主网关进行数据传输。
此外，在当前工作模式为第三工作模式时，固定由所述主网关进行数据传输，在所述主网关出现故障时，各备份网关之间进行协商并可根据预先设定的各备份网关的优先级，选取优先级最高的备份网关作为新的主网关进行数据传输。其中，主网关会定期向备份网关发送VRRP的通告消息，一旦备份网关在设定时间内收不到来自主网关的通告 消息，便可确定主网关发生故障。
基于本发明实施例中的上述方案，可实现如图4A至图4C所示的各种网络状况下的链路优化。
如图4A所示，当出现主网关硬件故障时，可通过将备份网关切换为新的主网关来实现链路优化。该链路优化在第一至第三工作模式下均可实现。
如图4B所示，当出现主网关链路故障时，可通过在主网关和备份网关之间建立通信隧道，并由备份网关作为中转网关来实现。该链路优化可在第一工作模式下实现。
如图4C所示，当出现网络拥塞或低网络传输性能时，可通过在主网关和备份网关之间建立通信隧道，并由备份网关作为中转网关来实现。该链路优化在第一工作模式和第二工作模式下均可实现。在第一工作模式下，可通过实时检测链路性能，选取低网络延时的备份网关作为中转网关，可规避出现网络拥塞和低网络传输性能的通信链路继续进行数据传输。在第二工作模式下，可通过对各通信链路的传输特性进行预判，并提前规划对不同数据类型的传输或大量数据的传输所需的通信链路，来提前规避可能出现的网络拥塞和低网络传输性能。
以上对本发明实施例中链路优化方法进行了详细描述，下面再对本发明实施例中链路优化系统进行详细描述。本发明实施例中的链路优化系统可用于实施本发明实施例中的链路优化方法，对于本发明系统实施例中未详细披露的细节可参见本发明方法实施例中的相应描述，此处不再一一赘述。
本发明实施例中的链路优化系统可如图2所示，包括：交互机和多个网关。
其中，每个网关分别通过一条通信链路接入网络。
交换机用于在所述多个网关之间进行信息交换。具体实现时，所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关可基于Mqtt协议进行信息交互。
所述多个网关和所述交换机构成一工业网络的多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关。所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关可具有同一个虚拟接口。
在一个实施方式中，所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式。
在所述第一工作模式下，所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当所述链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并 与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行相关数据的传输。
其中，当所述相关数据为：与接入所述网络的一设定远程服务器进行交互的数据时，所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关进一步向所述设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述设定远程服务器的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关。具体实现时，所述主网关定期根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关；或者，主网关可在超过设定时间未收到PING应答包时，根据各备份网关的链路延迟信息选取链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关。
当所述相关数据包括：分别与接入所述网络的至少两个设定远程服务器中的一个设定远程服务器进行交互的数据时，所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关定期向所述至少两个设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述至少两个设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述至少两个设定远程服务器各自的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息，分别找到到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关，并记录到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关；在接收到发往一设定远程服务器的数据时，根据所述记录采用到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输。
在所述第二工作模式下，所述主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为所述当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行所述当前数据的传输。
在一个实施方式中，所述至少一种工作模式可进一步包括：第三工作模式；在所述第三工作模式下，固定由所述主网关进行数据传输，在所述主网关出现故障时，各备份网关之间进行协商并根据预先设定的各备份网关的优先级，选取优先级最高的备份网关作为新的主网关进行数据传输。
从上述方案中可以看出，本发明实施例中，由于为工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，且为所述多网关工作集群提供有第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式，使得在第一工作模式下，可基于实时测得的各通信链路的网络延迟来选取链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输，当链路最小的网关为备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关进行数据传输， 在第二工作模式下，可基于预先设定的规则来选取适合当前数据类型的通信链路的备份网络来作为中转网关进行数据传输，从而最大限度地规避网络拥塞和低链路传输性能的出现，实现了链路优化。
此外，通过提供第三工作模式可使得所述多网关工作集群可兼容现有的网关集群实现，提高多网关工作集群的灵活性和可兼容性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 链路优化方法，其特征在于，包括：为当前工业网络预先设置一多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关，每个网关对应一条接入网络的通信链路；所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式；在所述第一工作模式下，所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当所述链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行相关数据的传输；在所述第二工作模式下，所述主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为所述当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行所述当前数据的传输。
- 根据权利要求1所述的链路优化方法，其特征在于，所述至少一种工作模式进一步包括：第三工作模式；在所述第三工作模式下，固定由所述主网关进行数据传输，在所述主网关出现故障时，各备份网关之间进行协商并根据预先设定的各备份网关的优先级，选取优先级最高的备份网关作为新的主网关进行数据传输。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的链路优化方法，其特征在于，所述相关数据包括：与接入所述网络的一设定远程服务器进行交互的数据；所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输之前，进一步包括：所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关向所述设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述设定远程服务器的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关。
- 根据权利要求3所述的链路优化方法，其特征在于，所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关包括：所述主网关定期根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关；或者，所述主网关在超过设定时间未收到PING应答包时，根据各备份网关的链路延迟信 息选取链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的链路优化方法，其特征在于，所述相关数据包括：分别与接入所述网络的至少两个设定远程服务器中的一个设定远程服务器进行交互的数据；所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输之前，进一步包括：所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关定期向所述至少两个设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述至少两个设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述至少两个设定远程服务器各自的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息，分别找到到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关；所述主网关记录到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关；所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输为：在接收到发往一设定远程服务器的数据时，根据所述记录采用到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输。
- 链路优化系统，其特征在于，包括：多个网关，分别通过一条通信链路接入网络；和交换机，用于在所述多个网关之间进行信息交换；所述多个网关和所述交换机构成一工业网络的多网关工作集群，在所述多网关工作集群中，选定有一个主网关和至少一个备份网关；所述多网关工作集群设置有至少一种工作模式，所述至少一种工作模式包括：第一工作模式和/或第二工作模式；在所述第一工作模式下，所述主网关选取链路延迟最小的网关进行相关数据的传输，其中，当所述链路延迟最小的网关为一备份网关时，将所述备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行相关数据的传输；在所述第二工作模式下，所述主网关根据当前通信数据的数据类型以及预先建立的数据类型与备份网关之间的映射规则，为所述当前通信数据选取对应的备份网关作为中转网关，并与所述中转网关建立通信隧道，通过所述通信隧道和所述中转网关进行所述当前数据的传输。
- 根据权利要求6所述的链路优化系统，其特征在于，所述至少一种工作模式进一步包括：第三工作模式；在所述第三工作模式下，固定由所述主网关进行数据传输，在所述主网关出现故障时，各备份网关之间进行协商并根据预先设定的各备份网关的优先级，选取优先级最高的备份网关作为新的主网关进行数据传输。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的链路优化系统，其特征在于，所述相关数据包括：与接入所述网络的一设定远程服务器进行交互的数据；所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关进一步向所述设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述设定远程服务器的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关。
- 根据权利要求8所述的链路优化系统，其特征在于，所述主网关定期根据各备份网关以及自身的链路延迟信息，找到链路延迟最小的网关；或者，所述主网关在超过设定时间未收到PING应答包时，根据各备份网关的链路延迟信息选取链路延迟最小的备份网关作为中转网关。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的链路优化系统，其特征在于，所述相关数据包括：分别与接入所述网络的至少两个设定远程服务器中的一个设定远程服务器进行交互的数据；所述主网关和所述至少一个备份网关定期向所述至少两个设定远程服务器发送PING数据包并接收来自所述至少两个设定远程服务器的PING应答包，以测试到所述至少两个设定远程服务器各自的链路延迟；各备份网关将自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息发送给所述主网关；所述主网关根据各备份网关以及自身到所述至少两个设定远程服务器的链路延迟信息，分别找到到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关，并记录到每个设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关；在接收到发往一设定远程服务器的数据时，根据所述记录采用到该设定远程服务器的链路延迟最小的网关进行数据传输。
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| CN102685787A (zh) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 无线传感器网络接入电信网络的方法及系统 |
| CN102868598A (zh) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 控制装置及控制方法 |
| US20150373481A1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for registering devices in gateway |
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| CN1588927A (zh) * | 2004-08-05 | 2005-03-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种大规模多媒体接入网关的方法 |
| CN102685787A (zh) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 无线传感器网络接入电信网络的方法及系统 |
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