WO2024056007A1 - Régénérateur de chaleur et moteur thermique doté d'un régénérateur de chaleur - Google Patents

Régénérateur de chaleur et moteur thermique doté d'un régénérateur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024056007A1
WO2024056007A1 PCT/CN2023/118664 CN2023118664W WO2024056007A1 WO 2024056007 A1 WO2024056007 A1 WO 2024056007A1 CN 2023118664 W CN2023118664 W CN 2023118664W WO 2024056007 A1 WO2024056007 A1 WO 2024056007A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
piston
heat storage
stage
regenerator
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/118664
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邹立松
Original Assignee
邹立松
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Application filed by 邹立松 filed Critical 邹立松
Publication of WO2024056007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024056007A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057—Regenerators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of thermal energy and power engineering, and in particular to a regenerator and a heat engine having the regenerator.
  • the Stirling heat engine its structure is generally composed of a hot end cylinder (expansion zone), a heater, a regenerator, a cold end cylinder (compression zone) and a cooler, which can be transformed into a variety of forms through the three basic structures of ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ . Due to the inherent structure of the Stirling heat engine, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the airflow is not large, the power is small, and the amount of heat energy converted into work in each cycle is small. Generally, the frequency and pressure are increased to increase the power, which in turn causes leakage of the working fluid gas, complex dynamic sealing technology, and high prices. In order to achieve a larger temperature difference, the cold end cylinder uses a cooler to absorb heat and cool down. This part of the heat is taken away and has the greatest impact on the effective efficiency.
  • the present invention mainly provides a regenerator and a heat engine having the regenerator, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the regenerator.
  • the application provides a regenerator, which includes: a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, a working gas direction control mechanism, an inner cylinder and a heat pump circuit.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchanger is Thermal regenerator includes at least a pair of independent multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure contains a heat storage body.
  • the heat storage body is preferably a honeycomb ceramic heat storage or heat storage device.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is used to heat or cool the working fluid gas flowing in one direction step by step;
  • the working fluid gas direction control mechanism is composed of a reversing valve , one-way valve group, high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and rotating machinery or shifting machinery.
  • the working gas direction control mechanism is used to control the one-way circulating flow of working gas, and in the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type return
  • the thermal structure changes the flow direction of the working gas after completing the step-by-step heating or step-by-step cooling of the working gas;
  • the inner cylinder is located between at least one pair of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures, and the heat pump circuit arranged inside the inner cylinder.
  • the present application provides a regenerator, which includes: a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, a working gas direction control mechanism, an inner cylinder and a heat pump circuit.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchanger is Each stage of the thermal regenerator includes at least a pair of multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures.
  • Each stage of the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure includes a push-pull drive mechanism, at least one The combination piece, the limit positioning structure and the mechanical transmission device.
  • the push-pull driving structure is equipped with a reset mechanism, a limit positioning structure and a mechanical transmission device.
  • the limit positioning structure is arranged on the outside of the combination piece.
  • the mechanical transmission device also has a power source and a mechanical transmission device.
  • the push piece is also equipped with a roller on the limit positioning structure.
  • the side of the limit positioning structure with the roller and the push piece adopt a guide slope.
  • the power source is directly or indirectly connected with the power piston to output power and fits the roller through the push piece.
  • the movement can push the limit positioning structure to move, thereby indirectly driving the combination piece to move back and forth between the closed position and the open position.
  • the combination piece is composed of a multi-layer plate-like heat storage body that is attached to the supporting frame and moves.
  • the plate-like heat storage body is preferably a plate-like honeycomb ceramic heat storage body; a foldable connecting rod structure is provided between the plate-like heat storage bodies of the combined piece, and the plate-like heat storage body of the combined piece and the push-pull driving mechanism Integrated into one, the driving rod is connected to the combination piece, the driver folds and unfolds in a reciprocating cycle, and drives each combination piece step by step through the connecting rod structure.
  • the driving rod is connected to the crank linkage mechanism, and the crank linkage mechanism is connected to the driving structure, and is connected with the flywheel group.
  • the plate-like heat storage body is provided with a plurality of grooves and protrusions at intervals along its length direction, and the grooves of adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies correspond to the shapes of the protrusions one by one. Fitting into each other; when the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies are unfolded, the grooves and the protrusions of the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies form a working gas channel, and when the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies are fitted together
  • the direction control mechanism of the working gas is composed of a reversing valve, a one-way valve group, a high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and a rotating machine or a shifting machine.
  • the direction control mechanism of the working gas is The mechanism is used to control the one-way circular flow of the working gas, and change the flow direction of the working gas after the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure completes the step-by-step heating or step-by-step cooling of the working gas;
  • the internal The cylinder is located between at least one pair of the multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures, and the heat pump circuit is arranged inside the inner cylinder;
  • the inner cylinder is a pressure-resistant and dense structure, located between at least one pair of the Before the multi-stage folding multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure is provided, some components of the heat pump circuit are arranged inside the inner cylinder.
  • the heat pump circuit is connected to at least one pair of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures or at least one pair of the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperators. Between the thermal structures, the heat pump circuit is an electronic refrigeration and heating circuit.
  • the electronic refrigeration and heating circuit includes: a temperature difference power generation circuit, a plurality of first temperature difference power generation pieces, a plurality of second temperature difference power generation pieces, a battery and an electronic refrigeration circuit.
  • the first thermoelectric power generation sheet is arranged in the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure or the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure for heating, and the second thermoelectric difference power generation sheet is arranged in the refrigeration system.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure or the multi-stage folding type heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure, and the first temperature difference power generation sheet and the second temperature difference power generation sheet are both different from the temperature difference
  • the power generation circuit is connected, the output end of the temperature difference power generation circuit is connected to the input end of the battery, the output end of the battery is connected to the input end of the electronic refrigeration circuit, the electronic refrigeration circuit has a cooling end and a heat dissipation end,
  • the refrigeration end is thermally connected to the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure for heating or the multi-stage folding type heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure, and the heat dissipation end is thermally connected to the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure for cooling.
  • the stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure or the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure are thermally connected.
  • the heat pump circuit is a heat pump refrigeration heat recovery circuit, and the heat pump system
  • the cold heat recovery circuit includes: a power air pump structure, a heat release structure, a heat absorption structure and a throttling structure.
  • the heat release structure is arranged in the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure or the folding type heat recovery structure for heating.
  • Thermal heat exchange type heat recovery structure is connected with heat conduction.
  • the heat absorption structure is arranged in the multi-stage heat storage heat exchange type heat recovery structure or the foldable heat storage heat exchange type heat recovery structure for refrigeration and conducts heat conduction.
  • the throttling structure is connected between the output end of the heat releasing structure and the input end of the heat absorbing structure.
  • the power air pump structure can also be directly or indirectly connected with the piston connecting rod to provide driving force.
  • the power air pump structure includes: an air pump cylinder, an air pump piston, an air pump piston rod, a conduit, a partition, a reset elastic member and a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is installed on the air pump.
  • the partition plate is fixedly installed inside the air pump cylinder to separate the interior of the air pump cylinder into an air intake chamber and a compression chamber
  • the conduit is installed on the partition plate
  • the The length direction of the conduit is parallel to the length direction of the air pump cylinder
  • the air pump piston rod is movably installed in the conduit, and one end of the air pump piston rod is against the bottom plate, and the air pump piston is connected to the conduit.
  • the reset elastic member is disposed between the air pump piston rod and the bottom plate; the compression chamber of the air pump cylinder is connected to the input end of the heat release structure, and the The air inlet chamber of the air pump cylinder is connected to the output end of the heat-absorbing structure; the air pump piston can work according to changes in air pressure inside the cylinder to convert pressure energy into power, and is provided with a pressure amplification mechanism.
  • the high-speed electromagnetic switch valve is composed of two basically identical valve cores.
  • Each valve core is composed of at least two air flow channels, solid sections, and sealing plates.
  • the spatial position The relationship is that when one of the valve cores moves in a specific direction, each sealing piece is closed; when it moves in the other direction, each sealing piece comes out of contact, and the airflow channels of the upper and lower valve cores are aligned with each other, allowing the airflow to pass.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerative structure, working gas direction control mechanism or reversing valve, one-way valve group, high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and rotating machinery or Shift machinery, heat pump circuits and other components can be arranged and combined in many different ways.
  • the overall arrangement and combination sequence is based on the working fluid gas flowing out from the heat storage and heat exchange regenerators at all levels after the heat absorption or heat release is completed.
  • the temperature components are arranged in a temperature gradient from high to low or from low to high.
  • the application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the first aspect of the application, including: a special-shaped heater, a gas distribution piston, a special-shaped cooler, a power piston, and a gas distribution piston pull rod.
  • crankshaft connecting rod and flywheel the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged inside the valve piston
  • the special-shaped heater is arranged in the heat chamber of the cylinder
  • the special-shaped cooler is arranged In the cold cavity of the cylinder
  • the special-shaped heater is composed of a heater thermal conductor and a filling rod.
  • the heater thermal conductor is provided with a heater filling rod that matches the shape of the corresponding heat storage body hole.
  • the heater filling rod is in line with the shape of the corresponding heat storage hole.
  • the heat conductor of the heater is flexibly connected.
  • the end of the heater filling rod close to the heater heat conductor is the thermal conductive end of the heater filling rod.
  • the end of the heater filling rod that extends into the hole is the insulating end of the heater filling rod.
  • the special-shaped cooler conducts heat from the cooler. It consists of a body and a cooler filling rod.
  • the cooler thermal conductor is equipped with a cooler filling rod that matches the corresponding hole shape.
  • the cooler filling rod is flexibly connected to the cooler thermal conductor.
  • the end of the cooler filling rod close to the cooler thermal conductor is The cooler filling rod has a thermal conductive end, and the end of the cooler filling rod extending into the hole is the heat insulating end of the cooler filling rod.
  • the application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the second aspect of the application, including: a special-shaped heater, a gas distribution piston, a special-shaped cooler, a power piston, and a gas distribution piston pull rod.
  • crankshaft connecting rod and flywheel the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged inside the valve piston, the special-shaped heater is arranged in the heat chamber of the cylinder, and the special-shaped cooling The heater is arranged in the cold cavity of the cylinder, and a one-way air inlet valve or intake door is provided on the cold cavity; the special-shaped heater is composed of a special-shaped heat conductor and a filling body, and is also provided with a corresponding positioning limiter for the regenerator
  • the shape of the filling body conforms to the structure of the position; the shape of the special-shaped heat conductor and the filling block on the corresponding area of the inner cylinder fit into each other; the special-shaped cooler is composed of a heat conductor and a filling body, and is also equipped with a corresponding positioning limit for the regenerator
  • the filling body has a consistent structure and shape; the shape of the special-shaped thermal conductor and the filling block in the corresponding area of the inner cylinder correspond to each other.
  • the application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the first aspect of the application, including: an adiabatic cylinder, a combustion chamber, a porous regenerative burner and a fuel nozzle, and a multi-stage heat exchanger.
  • Thermal recuperation structure, cooling structure, vortex tube separation structure, movable filling block and intake and exhaust valve group structure and timing system on the cylinder head, air filter system, cooling system and turbocharging system are installed in the insulated cylinder
  • Special-shaped adiabatic piston and sealing structure, special-shaped adiabatic piston is connected to the crankshaft connecting rod, and a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged in the combustion chamber; porous regenerative burners, fuel nozzles, and multi-stage storage units with fixed spatial positions are sequentially arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • Thermal regenerator; the movable filling block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks. Each of the movable filling blocks is free between the cold chamber and the combustion chamber, and is directly or indirectly connected to the timing system.
  • the present application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the second aspect of the present application, which is characterized in that it includes: an adiabatic cylinder, a combustion chamber, a porous regenerative burner and a fuel nozzle, Multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure, cooling structure, vortex tube separation structure, moving filling block and intake and exhaust valve set structure and timing system on the cylinder head, air filtration system, cooling system and turbocharging System, the adiabatic cylinder is equipped with a special-shaped adiabatic piston and a sealing structure, the special-shaped adiabatic piston is connected to the crankshaft connecting rod, and a porous regenerative burner, a fuel nozzle and a multi-stage foldable heat storage heat exchanger with a fixed spatial position are arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • a filling body is provided on the high-temperature section of the special-shaped insulated piston, and the shape of the limiting positioning structure on the top of the combined sheet group of the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure fits into each other correspondingly; the mobile filling
  • the block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks.
  • the movable filling blocks move freely between the cold cavity and the combustion chamber and are directly or indirectly connected with the timing system.
  • the present application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the first aspect of the present application, including: an adiabatic cylinder, a combustion chamber, a gas distribution piston, and a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerative structure.
  • fuel nozzle, cooling structure, special-shaped cooler, intake and exhaust valve set structure and timing system, air filter system, cooling system, turbocharging system, special-shaped adiabatic piston and sealing structure in the insulated cylinder, fuel nozzle arranged in the combustion chamber , a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator is installed on the valve piston and connected to the cooling structure; the valve piston divides the cylinder into a cold chamber and a hot chamber, and the cold chamber is connected to a special-shaped cooler.
  • the present application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the second aspect of the present application, including: an adiabatic cylinder, a combustion chamber, a gas distribution piston, and a multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange regenerator.
  • Thermal structure, fuel nozzle, cooling structure, special-shaped cooler, intake and exhaust valve group structure and timing system, air filtration system, cooling system, turbocharging system, special-shaped adiabatic piston and sealing structure in the adiabatic cylinder, special-shaped adiabatic piston There is a filling block and a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure.
  • the limiting positioning structure on the top of the combined sheet group fits into each other correspondingly; the combustion chamber is equipped with a fuel nozzle, and the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchanger is
  • the regenerator is installed on the gas distribution piston and is connected to the cooling structure; the gas distribution piston divides the cylinder into a cold chamber and a hot chamber, and the cold chamber is equipped with a special-shaped filling block, which fits with the shape of the cooling structure.
  • the application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the first aspect of the application, including: a hot end cylinder, a special-shaped heater, a multi-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator,
  • the cold end cylinder, the hot end cylinder and the cold end cylinder are on the same straight line. They are both insulated cylinders with an insulated piston and sealing structure.
  • the multi-tube arrangement structure of the special-shaped heater is made of high-temperature-resistant thermal conductive materials, and contains multiple working fluid air flow pipes, with filling rods extending all over the cross-section.
  • this application provides a heat engine using the regenerator provided in the second aspect of this application, including: a hot end cylinder, a folding special-shaped heater, a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange type
  • the regenerator, cold-end cylinder, movable filling block, hot-end cylinder and cold-end cylinder are on the same straight line. They are all insulated cylinders with insulated piston and sealing structure.
  • the push-pull drive structure is composed of a mechanical transmission device, a thermal conductive substrate, etc.
  • a single heating combination piece contains two paired plate-like conductors.
  • Thermal sheet one and thermal conductive sheet two are wrapped by thermally conductive protective shells one and two, and the concave and convex parts of the two are fitted in relative shapes; the thermally conductive sheets and thermally conductive protective shells are made of high-temperature resistant and thermally conductive materials; the push-pull drive structure is driven by a mechanical transmission device Directly or indirectly connected to the piston power structure.
  • the thermally conductive base body is directly connected to the heat source;
  • the movable filling block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks, the movable filling block is free between the cold cavity and the hot cavity, and is directly or indirectly connected to the timing mechanism.
  • the cylinder wall of the insulated cylinder is divided into two parts: a normal temperature section and a high-temperature insulated section.
  • the high-temperature insulated section is made of insulating material and is lengthened to more than twice the piston stroke, measured from the front end of the piston.
  • one or more piston body recuperation rings or annular regenerators are arranged; the cylinder wall at this position is also within the length of one piston stroke starting from the junction of the normal temperature section and the high temperature section.
  • An annular regenerator is installed on the cylinder wall; a special-shaped insulated piston is installed in the insulated cylinder.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is composed of a normal temperature section connected to the crankshaft connecting rod and a high-temperature section extending into the high-temperature area.
  • a piston ring seal is arranged on the normal temperature section.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is composed of a normal temperature section connected to the crankshaft connecting rod and a high-temperature section extending into the high-temperature area.
  • the high-temperature section is provided with multiple or more evenly distributed on the cross-section.
  • the filling rod is flexibly connected to the high-temperature section; the end of the filling rod close to the high-temperature section of the insulated piston is the heat-conducting end of the filling rod, which is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage materials; the end that extends into the high-temperature area is the insulating end of the filling rod, which is made of heat-insulating material Make.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is composed of a normal temperature section connected to the crankshaft connecting rod and a high-temperature section extending into the high-temperature area.
  • the high-temperature section is provided with a filling block and a multi-stage folding heat storage heat exchanger.
  • the shapes of the limiting and positioning structures at the top of the combination piece group of the regenerator structure or the folding special-shaped heater fit into each other correspondingly.
  • the cooling structure is provided on the first-level heat storage heat exchange regenerator corresponding to the temperature, and the heat conductor is arranged around the heat storage body of the corresponding temperature level or the regenerator connected to the evaporator.
  • a thermal bridge is formed through components such as one-way valves, and thermally conductive filling rods or filling plates are extended throughout the cold chamber air chamber, fitting into the shape of the special-shaped cooler; a thermal bridge disconnecting structure is provided on the thermal bridge path, which can be rotated around the rotating shaft Composed of rotating thermal bridge connecting rods.
  • the vortex tube structure is arranged at the pressure tail gas flow outlet, the cold air flow duct is connected to the discharge port, and the hot air flow duct is connected to the corresponding regenerator; the hot air flow duct is heated from the vortex tube
  • the air flow outlet passes through the inner cylinder and is connected to the starting end of the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator on the other side.
  • the outlet pipe is located on the short pipe in front of the one-way valve at the end of the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator; the inlet and outlet pipe sections All are equipped with control switch valves.
  • the intake valve opens, the special-shaped adiabatic piston and the valve piston stick together and move downward together, cold air enters the cylinder driven by the turbocharger, and both the special-shaped adiabatic piston and the valve piston reach the bottom dead center;
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston and the gas distribution piston are stuck together and move upward together.
  • the air is compressed and heated up.
  • the heat-conducting filling rod quickly transfers the heat to the regenerator connected to the evaporator of the refrigeration circuit, causing the gas temperature to drop rapidly; the special-shaped adiabatic piston reaches the top dead center. , the valve piston will continue to move upward thereafter, and the compression stroke ends;
  • the gas distribution piston breaks away from the special-shaped adiabatic piston and continues to move upward. During this process, the gas distribution piston sweeps the compressed air, and the compressed air further heats up step by step through the regenerators at all levels; when the gas distribution piston begins to move upward away from the adiabatic piston , the fuel nozzle opens, the fuel quickly evaporates and heats up to form a mixture;
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves downward, the spark plug ignites, and the mixture organizes high temperature and low oxygen in the porous regenerative burner and combustion chamber. Rapid and clean combustion, the rapidly heating and expanding gas pushes the adiabatic piston to drive the connecting rod and crankshaft to do work until the special-shaped adiabatic piston reaches the bottom dead center; at the same time, the heating and expanding gas also pushes the valve piston to accelerate the scavenging process until the valve piston reaches the to the top dead center;
  • the exhaust valve on the cylinder head is opened, and the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves upward, pushing the high-temperature flue gas upward through the valve piston and then being discharged.
  • the high-temperature flue gas enters the regenerators at each stage in the valve piston and is gradually cooled to close to normal temperature.
  • the pressure device recovers the pressure energy and then discharges it.
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston reaches the top dead center.
  • the gas distribution piston also moves downward to fit the special-shaped piston.
  • the rotating mechanism operates, and the multi-stage regenerative regenerator in the valve piston rotates 180 degrees as a whole or other corresponding relatively large values.
  • the air flow path changes, corresponding to the heat storage working state or heat releasing working state of the regenerator. Change; and so on.
  • the regenerator includes: a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, a working gas direction control mechanism, an inner cylinder and a heat pump circuit.
  • the multi-stage The heat storage and heat exchange regenerator includes at least a pair of independent multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure contains a heat storage body.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure contains a heat storage body.
  • the heat recovery structure is used to heat or cool the working fluid gas flowing in one direction step by step;
  • the working fluid gas direction control mechanism consists of a reversing valve, a one-way valve group, a high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and a rotating machine or shift Mechanical composition, the working gas direction control mechanism is used to control the unidirectional circulation flow of the working gas, and changes after the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure completes the step-by-step heating or step-by-step cooling of the working gas.
  • the flow direction of the working gas; the inner cylinder is located between at least one pair of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures, and the heat pump circuit is arranged inside the inner cylinder.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure in the regenerator provided by this application;
  • Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure using a four-way reversing valve in the regenerator provided by this application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic refrigeration and heating heat pump circuit in the regenerator provided by this application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the power air pump structure in the regenerator provided by this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat pump refrigeration circuit in the regenerator provided by this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the electromagnetic switch valve in the regenerator provided by this application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator provided by this application applied to imitation ⁇ and ⁇ Stirling heat engines;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator provided by this application applied to a special-shaped heater in a heat engine
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator provided by this application applied to a special-shaped cooler in a heat engine
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator provided by this application applied to an internal combustion engine
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator provided by this application applied to a special-shaped adiabatic piston in an internal combustion engine;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal combustion engine in which the regenerator provided by this application is installed on the valve piston;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure of the regenerator provided by this application installed on the gas distribution piston in the regenerator;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the regenerator imitating an ⁇ -type Stirling heat engine provided by this application;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the special-shaped heater in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the special-shaped piston in Figure 14;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the heating filling piece and the cooling filling piece
  • Figure 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating filler or cold zone filler filling into the hole
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the modification of a rhombus drive Stirling heat engine
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the pressure amplification component driving the refrigeration compressor
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the thermal bridge disconnection structure
  • Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the exhaust port vortex tube
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the combined sheet structure of two plate-shaped heat storage bodies
  • Figure 24 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a foldable heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure with a filler inserted into it;
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a combination of multiple plate-shaped heat storage bodies
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated ⁇ -type Stirling heat engine using a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal combustion engine using a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure
  • Figure 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal combustion engine in which a folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged on the valve piston;
  • Figure 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated ⁇ -type Stirling heat engine using a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure
  • Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the foldable heater
  • Figure 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a ⁇ -type heat engine using a folded heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure in one embodiment
  • Figure 33 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of a ⁇ -type heat engine using a folded heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure in one embodiment
  • Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view of the foldable heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connections (connections) unless otherwise specified.
  • This application provides a regenerator and a heat engine with the regenerator.
  • the regenerator can heat or cool the working gas step by step to recover the temperature of the burned working gas.
  • the working gas is circulated, , the amount of heat energy converted into piston work is very small, and most of the heat is taken away, thereby reducing efficiency.
  • the regenerator 10 provided in this embodiment includes: a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, a working fluid gas direction control mechanism, an internal Barrel 126 and the heat pump circuit, the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator includes: at least a pair of independent multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12, the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 contains porous The regenerator 122 and the working fluid gas direction control mechanism are connected with the paired multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12. The multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12 are used to control the unidirectional flow of working fluid gas. Stage heating or stage cooling.
  • the working gas direction control mechanism is composed of a reversing valve, a one-way valve group, a high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and a rotating machinery or shifting machinery.
  • the working gas direction control mechanism is used to control the one-way circulating flow of the working gas, and in multi-stage
  • the heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure completes the step-by-step heating or step-by-step cooling of the working gas and changes the flow direction of the working gas.
  • the inner cylinder 126 is located between at least one pair of multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures, and the heat pump circuit is arranged inside the inner cylinder.
  • one of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12 can cool the hot end working fluid step by step, and the other multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 can cool down the cold end working fluid.
  • the gas is heated step by step.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 that performs step-by-step cooling and cooling can absorb the heat of the hot end working gas for heat storage, and performs step-by-step heating and cooling.
  • the thermal structure 12 can release stored thermal energy. After the cold-end working fluid gas is gradually heated and heated and the hot-end working fluid gas is gradually cooled and cooled, the direction can be reversed through the working fluid gas direction control mechanism to carry out the next cycle of cooling, cooling and heating to ensure that continuously working.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 is used to heat or cool the working gas step by step.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 includes: a shell 121 and a plurality of mutually independent porous heat storage units.
  • body 122, the one-way valve group is composed of a first one-way valve 123 and a second one-way valve 124.
  • the two ends of the housing 121 are respectively provided with a first communication port and a second communication port connected to the cavity. In the direction from the first communication port to the second communication port, multiple porous heat storage bodies 122 are arranged in sequence.
  • the upper multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 can separate the hot end working fluid gas. Stage cooling reduces the temperature, and the lower multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 can gradually heat and raise the temperature of the cold end working fluid gas.
  • the porous heat storage body 122 is preferably a porous ceramic honeycomb heat storage body, or a specially made special-shaped hole ceramic honeycomb heat storage body.
  • the regenerator provided by the present application includes: a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, a working gas direction control mechanism, an inner cylinder and a heat pump circuit.
  • Thermal heat exchange regenerator includes at least a pair of multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures.
  • the working fluid gas direction control mechanism is connected with the pair of multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures.
  • the foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure is used to gradually heat or cool the unidirectional flow of working fluid gas.
  • the working gas direction control mechanism is composed of a reversing valve, a one-way valve group, a high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and a rotating machinery or shifting machinery.
  • the working gas direction control mechanism is used to control the one-way circulating flow of the working gas, and in multi-stage
  • the foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure completes the step-by-step heating or step-by-step cooling of the working gas and then changes the flow direction of the working gas.
  • the inner cylinder 126 is located between at least one pair of multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures, and the heat pump circuit is arranged inside the inner cylinder.
  • each stage of the heat recovery structure of the multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure includes: a push-pull drive mechanism 1221, at least one combination piece 1222, a limiting positioning structure 1229 and a mechanical transmission device 1220 , the push-pull driving mechanism 1221 is equipped with a reset mechanism, a limit positioning structure 1229 and a mechanical transmission device 1220.
  • the limit positioning structure 1229 is provided on the outside of the combination piece 1222.
  • the mechanical transmission device 1220 also includes a power source 12201 and a pusher 12202.
  • the limit positioning structure 1229 is also A roller 12203 is provided. The side of the limit positioning structure 1229 with the roller 12203 and the pusher 12202 adopt a guide slope.
  • the power source 12201 is directly or indirectly connected with the power piston to output power and fits the movement of the roller 12203 through the pusher 12202.
  • the limiting positioning structure 1229 is pushed to move, thereby indirectly driving the combination piece 1222 to reciprocate between the closed position and the open position.
  • the combined piece 1222 is composed of multi-layer plate-like heat storage bodies 120 that are attached to the support frame and move.
  • a foldable connecting rod structure 130 is set between the plate-like heat storage bodies 120 of the combination piece 1222.
  • the plate-like heat storage bodies 120 is connected to the driving rod 132, the driver 135 folds and unfolds in a reciprocating cycle, and drives each combination piece step by step through the connecting rod structure 130.
  • the driving rod 132 is connected to the crank connecting rod structure 133, and is connected to the flywheel set structure 134.
  • the plate-like heat storage body 120 of the combined piece 1222 is provided with a plurality of grooves and a plurality of protrusions at intervals along its length direction.
  • the shapes of the grooves and protrusions of adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies 120 correspond to each other one-to-one. chimeric.
  • the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies 120 are unfolded, the grooves and convex shapes of the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies 120 are separated from each other to form a working fluid gas channel.
  • the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies 120 are attached to each other, the grooves and protrusions of the adjacent plate-like heat storage bodies 120 fit into each other to close the working fluid gas channel.
  • the plate-like heat storage bodies in the combined sheet structure with only two plate-like heat storage bodies 120 are respectively defined as the first heat storage body 1223 and the second heat storage body 1224.
  • a heat storage body 1223 is provided with a plurality of protrusions at intervals along its length direction.
  • the second heat storage body 1224 is provided with a plurality of grooves at intervals along its length direction. The plurality of protrusions and the plurality of grooves are arranged one by one.
  • the first heat storage body 1223 and the second heat storage body 1224 are close to each other, so that the protrusion can be inserted into the groove to fit in, or the first heat storage body 1223 and the second heat storage body 1224 can be fitted into each other.
  • the heating bodies 1224 are moved away from each other, so that the protrusions and grooves are separated to form a working fluid gas channel.
  • the first heat storage body 1223 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 1225 along its length direction, and a first protrusion 1226 is formed between two adjacent first grooves 1225.
  • the second heat storage body 1224 is provided with a plurality of second grooves 1227 along its length direction, and a second protrusion 1228 is formed between two adjacent second grooves 1227.
  • the position of the first groove 1225 corresponds to the position of the second protrusion 1228.
  • the position of the first protrusion 1226 corresponds to the position of the second groove 1227.
  • the first heat storage body 1223 and the second heat storage body 1224 of each combination piece 1222 are connected to the push-pull driving mechanism 1221.
  • the push-pull driving mechanism 1221 is used to push and pull the second heat storage body 1224 and the first heat storage body 1223 in the open position. Move back and forth between the closed position. In the closed position, the first protrusion 1226 is inserted into the second groove 1227, and the second protrusion 1228 is inserted into the first groove 1225. In the open position, the first protrusion 1226 moves out of the second groove 1227, and the second protrusion 1228 moves out of the first groove 1225.
  • the first groove 225 and the second groove 1227 are formed as working gas channels.
  • the push-pull drive structure 1221 has a built-in reset mechanism, such as a strong spring reset, a flywheel inertia energy storage reset, etc., which are combined with mechanical components such as crankshaft connecting rods or gears to convert into rapid linear reciprocating motion. These are similar or basically the same as existing mechanical technologies such as folding machinery. .
  • the following embodiments illustrate a regenerator using a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure.
  • the working fluid in the hot cylinder flows toward the cold cylinder, that is, during the cooling process, when the hot fluid passes through the corresponding multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12, it flows through each porous structure in turn.
  • the temperature of the heat storage body 122 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the working gas, forming a decreasing temperature gradient.
  • the cold cylinder working fluid flows to the hot cylinder, that is, in the heat recovery process, when the cold fluid passes through the corresponding multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12, it flows through each porous heat storage body 122 in turn, and along the In the flow direction of the working gas, the temperature gradually increases, forming an increasing temperature gradient.
  • the initial temperature of the working gas at the cold end of a Stirling heat engine is T0.
  • the working gas enters the first-stage porous regenerator through the cooler and is heated to T1; then it enters the second-stage porous regenerator and is heated to T1.
  • step by step enters the Nth stage porous heat storage body to heat up to Tn; then enters the hot end cylinder to expand and perform work W, and the temperature drops to T, and then enters the cooling stroke: the working gas is pressed into the Nth level porous heat storage The body temperature drops to Tn, then enters the (N-1)-level porous heat storage body and cools to T(n-1), and so on, until the temperature of the first-level porous heat storage body drops to T0, and returns to the cold end cylinder. , and start the next cycle.
  • the porous heat storage body near the high temperature end is preferably made of porous ceramic honeycomb heat storage body, the one near the low temperature end can be made of low normal temperature heat storage material, and the one at the high temperature end can be made of low temperature heat storage material.
  • Low-temperature end heat storage materials include but are not limited to room temperature phase change heat storage materials, heat storage bodies supported by solid phase change materials such as plastic crystal materials, etc., so that the temperature of the working fluid gas drops to close to room temperature without the need to continue cooling and cancel or improve cooling.
  • the specific material selection can be selected according to different use occasions and working conditions.
  • the first one-way valve 123 is connected to the first communication port, and the second one-way valve 124 is connected to the second communication port, so that each multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 can form a one-way flow of working gas.
  • the setting of the two reversing valves can determine the forward and reverse directions of the working gas circulation flow.
  • each multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 tends to a saturated state
  • the rotating machinery or the shifting machinery 11 is used to The multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 is reversed to ensure continuous operation.
  • the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 also includes: a plurality of porous heat insulation plates 125. Along the direction from the first communication port to the second communication port, a plurality of porous heat insulation plates 125 are arranged in sequence between two adjacent porous heat storage bodies 122, and each porous heat storage body 122 is separated by a porous heat insulation plate 125 to form an independent heat storage and heat release structure.
  • each hole of the porous heat storage body 122 and each hole of the porous heat insulation plate 125 are kept coaxial.
  • the regenerator 10 provided in this embodiment also includes: an inner cylinder 126.
  • the inner cylinder 126 has functions such as heat insulation, pressure resistance, and sealing.
  • the inner cylinder 126 is disposed between the two shells 121. .
  • some components with relatively fixed positions and high operating environment requirements can also be disposed inside the inner barrel 126 .
  • the cylinder piston of the heat engine operates in rhythm to open and close the valve, and it also has a one-way valve function to form a one-way cycle. Therefore, it is also possible to adopt a structure that is connected to the piston.
  • Mechanical structures such as electromagnetic switch valves with motion synchronization function undertake this function. By setting up corresponding sensors to collect the signal of piston movement, and then controlling the rhythm of the electromagnetic switch valve through a programmed controller to synchronize it with the piston movement. After a predetermined time, Then change the rhythm of the electromagnetic switch valve to achieve regular reversal.
  • the rotating machinery or shifting machinery 11 in the working fluid gas direction control mechanism is arranged in a pair of multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange types.
  • a rotating machine or a shifting machine 11 is used to change the direction of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures arranged in pairs. That is, the rotating machine or the shifting machine 11 changes the direction of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 that has completed the step-by-step heating, so that the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 that has completed the step-by-step heating is cooled step by step.
  • the rotating machinery or shifting machinery 11 will change the direction of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 that has completed the step-by-step cooling, so that the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 that has completed the step-by-step cooling can be heated step by step. Work.
  • the rotating machinery or shifting machinery 11 specifically realizes the reversal by rotating the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure 12 in the vertical direction by 180° (when each stage has only one pair of heat storage and heat exchange regenerators).
  • the rotating machinery or shifting machinery 11 is used to form a rotary structure of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12 arranged in pairs.
  • the rotation of the four-way reversing valve 128 (as shown in Figure 2) can also be used to achieve the purpose of timing switching.
  • the reversing valve 128 adopts switching.
  • the high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 127 in the working fluid gas direction control mechanism is disposed between the second communication port and the second one-way valve 124.
  • the high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 127 is used to control the second The communication port and the second one-way valve 124 are connected or disconnected.
  • the high-speed solenoid switch valve is composed of two basically identical valve cores.
  • Each valve core is composed of at least two or more seventy-six channels, solid sections, and sealing plates.
  • the spatial position relationship is that when one of the valve cores moves in a specific direction, each valve core The sealing plates are closed; when moving in the other direction, each sealing plate comes out of contact, and the air flow channels of the upper and lower valve cores are aligned with each other.
  • the high-speed electromagnetic switching valve 127 includes: a switching valve driving assembly (not shown in the figure) and two valve cores 1271 arranged side by side.
  • the valve cores 1271 are provided with multiple airflows at intervals along its length direction.
  • seals 1273 are provided on the opposite sides of the two valve cores 1271.
  • the switch valve driving assembly is used to drive one of the valve cores 1271 to reciprocate in a direction toward or away from the other valve core 1271 to make the seals 1273 seal. Or open the air flow channel 1272.
  • one valve core 1271 is a movable valve core that can move
  • the other valve core 1271 is a fixed valve core that is fixed in position.
  • the switch valve driving assembly is connected with the movable valve core and drives the movable valve core in the direction of or The reciprocating movement is away from the direction of the fixed valve core, so that the seal 1273 on one valve core 1271 can seal or open the air flow channel 1272 on the other valve core 1271.
  • the setting of the electromagnetic switch valve actually adopts a structure similar to that of an internal combustion engine in which a timing mechanism is connected to the valve. It opens and closes the valve according to the operating rhythm of the cylinder piston. It also has the function of an electromagnetic one-way valve to form a one-way cycle. Therefore, , this function can also be assumed by machinery such as high-speed electromagnetic switching valves with the function of synchronizing with the piston movement. After sensing the relevant signals of the sensor, the programming controller controls the rhythm of the switching valve to synchronize it with the piston movement, and then changes the switching valve after a predetermined time. The beat of the machine enables timing reversal.
  • the heat engine provided by this application also includes: a heat pump loop, which is connected between at least a pair of multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structures 12 or is arranged on at least a pair of multi-stage folding structures 12 .
  • the heat pump circuit is used to transfer the heat of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 for heating to the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 for cooling.
  • the heat pump circuit is used to transfer heat from the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure for heating to the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure for cooling.
  • the heat pump circuit is an electronic refrigeration and heating mechanism 30.
  • the electronic refrigeration and heating mechanism 30 includes: a temperature difference power generation circuit 31, a plurality of first temperature difference power generation sheets 32, a plurality of second temperature difference power generation sheets 33, a battery 34 and an electronic refrigeration unit.
  • the first thermoelectric power generation sheet 32 is arranged in the porous heat storage body 122 of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 for heating
  • the second thermoelectric power generation sheet 33 is arranged in the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type for cooling.
  • the porous heat storage body 122 of the heat recovery structure 12, and the first thermoelectric power generation sheet 32 and the second thermoelectric power generation sheet 33 are connected to the thermoelectric power generation circuit 31.
  • thermoelectric power generation circuit 31 The output end of the thermoelectric power generation circuit 31 is connected to the input end of the battery 34.
  • the battery 34 The output end of the electronic refrigeration circuit 35 is connected to the input end of the electronic refrigeration circuit 35.
  • the electronic refrigeration circuit 35 has a cooling end 351 and a heat dissipation end 352.
  • the cooling end 351 is connected to a multi-stage heat storage heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 for heating or a multi-stage heating end.
  • the foldable heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure is connected, and the heat dissipation end 352 is connected to the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 for refrigeration or the multi-stage folding type heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure for refrigeration.
  • the working pressure required to compress the refrigeration working fluid is high, the compressor has high energy consumption, and the noise is high.
  • the heat dissipation temperature of the condenser is not high, but the cooling temperature is low, which can be below zero.
  • Absorption heat pump refrigeration drives The pump has low energy consumption and simple working conditions for working fluids. It is mostly used to absorb waste heat for refrigeration. For commonly used working fluid pairs such as lithium bromide and water, the cooling temperature will not be lower than zero. In practical applications, absorption heat pumps (refrigeration) are more commonly used.
  • the exothermic structure of the heat pump can reach nearly 300 degrees, which is conducive to the formation of a temperature difference from low to high in the reheat process of the working fluid gas.
  • a heat pump type heat storage regenerator is set up, and a heat pump refrigeration recuperation circuit is arranged on the regenerator; for the sudden change of air pressure in the available cylinder driven by a compression refrigerator, a similar structure of a piston air pump is set up to absorb the gas pressure, which can become A simple compressor or drive pump.
  • a heat pump circuit using a drive pump or other mechanism it can also be directly or indirectly connected to the piston crank connecting rod. The knot thus provides circulation pump driving force.
  • the heat pump circuit is a heat pump refrigeration circuit 40.
  • the heat pump refrigeration circuit 40 includes: a power air pump structure 41, a heat release structure 42, a heat absorption structure 43 and a throttling structure 44 , the heat release structure 42 is arranged on the porous heat storage body 122 of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure 12 for heating, and the heat absorption structure 43 is arranged on the porous multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 for cooling.
  • the heat storage body 122 and the throttling structure 44 are connected between the output end of the heat releasing structure 42 and the input end of the heat absorbing structure 43.
  • the output end of the power air pump structure 41 is connected to the input end of the heat releasing structure 42.
  • the heat absorbing structure 43 The output end is connected with the input end of the power air pump structure 41, and the power air pump structure 41 is directly or indirectly connected with the piston rod.
  • the power air pump structure 41 includes: an air pump cylinder 411, an air pump piston 412, an air pump piston rod 413, a conduit 414, a partition 415, a reset elastic member 416 and a bottom plate 417.
  • the bottom plate 417 is installed on the air pump cylinder 411.
  • the partition 415 is fixedly installed inside the air pump cylinder 411 to divide the inside of the air pump cylinder 411 into an air intake chamber 418 and a compression chamber 419.
  • the conduit 414 is installed on the partition 415, and the length direction of the conduit 414 is parallel to In the length direction of the air pump cylinder 411, the air pump piston rod 412 is movable through the conduit 414, and one end of the air pump piston rod 412 is against the bottom plate 417.
  • the air pump piston 412 is connected to the other end of the air pump piston rod 413, and the reset elastic member 416 It is disposed between the air pump piston rod 413 and the bottom plate 417.
  • the compression chamber 419 of the air pump cylinder 411 is connected to the input end of the heat releasing structure 42 , and the air inlet chamber 418 of the air pump cylinder 411 is connected to the output end of the heat absorbing structure 43 .
  • the air pump piston 412 can work according to changes in air pressure inside the cylinder 21 to convert pressure energy into power.
  • the power air pump structure 21 is arranged along the movement direction of the air distribution piston, which facilitates the installation of a filling body to reduce or eliminate the useless volume increase caused by the reciprocating motion of the air pump piston 412.
  • a device such as a mechanical hydraulic booster mechanism can be set up to increase the pressure difference, or a transmission shaft or transmission mechanism can be designed to connect the air pump piston rod 413 with the engine piston or crankshaft connecting rod, etc.
  • the driving force can be obtained through direct or indirect connection, and even additional external power can be connected to set up a high-power refrigeration compressor or driving equipment to achieve cooling within the cylinder 21 .
  • a heat pump refrigeration circuit composed of a heat releasing structure 42 and a heat absorbing structure 43 can be arranged.
  • the power air pump structure 41 also includes: a pressure amplification mechanism 45.
  • the pressure amplification mechanism 45 is connected to the air pump piston 412.
  • the pressure amplification assembly 41 is used to amplify the pressure output by the air pump piston.
  • the pressure amplifying mechanism 45 preferably adopts a three-stage lever amplifying horizontal force amplifying structure to amplify the pressure of the air pump piston 412 .
  • the heat engine 20 includes: the regenerator described in Embodiment 1.
  • the useless volume is very harmful.
  • the size and shape of the heater, cooler, and regenerator are greatly restricted. Only small-volume regenerators can be used, and the heaters and coolers are incompatible with each other.
  • the contact area of the working fluid gas in the cylinder is small, and the heat exchange capacity is small, resulting in small input power, which in turn leads to low power and slow start of the Stirling heat engine.
  • the imitation ⁇ and ⁇ type Stirling machine provided by this application also includes: a cylinder 21, a special-shaped heater 22, and a gas distribution piston. 23 and special-shaped cooler 24, power piston 25,
  • the valve piston pull rod 26, the crank connecting rod 27 and the flywheel 28 have a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery structure arranged inside the valve piston 23.
  • the valve piston 23 can be reciprocally slid inside the cylinder 21 and has a special shape.
  • the heater 22 is arranged in the hot cavity of the cylinder 21
  • the special-shaped cooler 24 is arranged in the cold cavity of the cylinder 21 .
  • the power piston 25 is connected to the valve piston 23 through a valve piston pull rod 26, and the power piston 25 is connected to the flywheel 28 through a crank connecting rod 27.
  • the special-shaped heater 22 includes: a heater heat conductor 221 and a plurality of heater filling rods 222.
  • the heater heat conductor 221 is provided with a heater filling rod 222 that matches the shape of a heat storage body hole.
  • the plurality of heater filling rods 222 and the heater heat conductor 221 are flexibly connected. Specifically, high temperature resistant metal wires can be used between the plurality of heater filling rods 222 and the side of the heater heat conductor 221 facing the valve piston 23, with a greater degree of freedom.
  • the flexible connection is realized by a flexible buckle and other structures, and can be rotated relative to the heater thermal conductor 221.
  • a plurality of heater filling rods 222 are used to fill the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to it, and the heater filling rods 222 It is tightly connected with the holes of the porous heat storage body to eliminate useless volume.
  • the heater filling rod 222 using a rotary connection can block the transmission of lateral force when the valve piston 23 is running, reducing or even eliminating the frictional resistance between the filling piece and the hole wall.
  • the end of the heater filling rod 222 extending into the hole is the insulated end of the heater filling rod.
  • the special-shaped cooler 24 includes: a cooler heat conductor 241 and a plurality of cooler filling rods 242.
  • the cooler heat conductor 241 is provided with a cooler filling rod 242 that matches the corresponding hole shape.
  • the plurality of cooler filling rods 242 are in contact with the cooler.
  • the heat conductor 241 is flexibly connected.
  • the multiple cooler filling rods 242 and the cooler heat conductor 241 can also be made of high-temperature-resistant metal wires or buckles with greater freedom before facing the side of the gas distribution piston 23. and other structures to realize flexible connection, and can rotate relative to the cooler heat conductor 241.
  • a plurality of cooler filling rods 242 are used to fill the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to it, and the cooler filling rods 242 are connected with the porous heat conductor 241.
  • the holes of the heat storage body are tightly connected to eliminate useless volume.
  • the cooler filling rod 242 with a rotational connection can block the transmission of lateral force when the valve piston 23 is running, reducing or even eliminating the frictional resistance between the filling piece and the hole wall.
  • the end of the cooler filling rod 242 extending into the hole is the insulated end of the cooler filling rod.
  • the heater filling rod 222 has a heater filling rod thermal conductive end 2221 and a heater filling rod insulating end 2222.
  • the heater filling rod thermal conductive end 2221 is rotatably installed on the heater thermal conductor 221 toward the gas distribution piston 23.
  • the insulated end 2222 of the heater filling rod can be filled into the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 .
  • the heat-conducting end 2221 of the heater filling rod is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage material, which has the functions of heat conduction and auxiliary heating of working gas.
  • the insulating end 2222 of the heater filling rod is made of quartz, zirconia and other insulating materials.
  • the cooler filling rod 242 has a cooler filling rod thermal conductive end 2421 and a cooler filling rod insulating end 2422 .
  • the cooler filling rod thermal conductive end 2421 is rotatably installed on the cooler thermal conductor 241 toward the valve piston 23
  • the insulated end 2422 of the cooler filling rod can be filled into the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 .
  • the heat-conducting end 2421 of the cooler filling rod is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage material, which has the functions of heat conduction and auxiliary heating of working gas.
  • the insulating end 2422 of the cooler filling rod is made of quartz, zirconia and other insulating materials.
  • the regenerator adopts a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange structure, and adopts a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange structure.
  • the heat engine is an imitated ⁇ and ⁇ Stirling machine.
  • the heat engine with a regenerator with a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange structure includes: cylinder 21, special-shaped heater 22, and gas distribution piston 23 As well as a special-shaped cooler 24, a power piston 25, a valve piston pull rod 26, a crank connecting rod 27 and a flywheel 28.
  • the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged inside the valve piston 23.
  • the valve piston 23 can The special-shaped heater 22 is arranged in the hot cavity of the cylinder 21 and the special-shaped cooler 24 is arranged in the cold cavity of the cylinder 21 .
  • the power piston 25 is connected to the valve piston 23 through a valve piston pull rod 26, and the power piston 25 is connected to the flywheel 28 through a crank connecting rod 27.
  • a multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure is arranged on the gas distribution piston, thus having the functions of both a regenerator and a gas distribution piston.
  • the heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures at each level are arranged sequentially starting from the heat chamber and adopt ceramic honeycomb storage. Heat exchangers for hot bodies, metal heat exchangers, semiconductor Body refrigeration heat pump structure, absorption or compression refrigeration heat pump heat exchange mechanism.
  • the special-shaped heater 22 includes: a heater heat conductor 221 and a plurality of heater filling rods 222.
  • the heater heat conductor 221 is provided with a heater filling rod 222 that matches the shape of a heat storage body hole.
  • the plurality of heater filling rods 222 and the heater heat conductor 221 are flexibly connected. Specifically, high temperature resistant metal wires can be used between the plurality of heater filling rods 222 and the side of the heater heat conductor 221 facing the valve piston 23, with a greater degree of freedom.
  • the flexible connection is realized by a flexible buckle and other structures, and can be rotated relative to the heater thermal conductor 221.
  • a plurality of heater filling rods 222 are used to fill the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to it, and the heater filling rods 222 It is tightly connected with the holes of the porous heat storage body to eliminate useless volume.
  • the heater filling rod 222 using a rotary connection can block the transmission of lateral force when the valve piston 23 is running, reducing or even eliminating the frictional resistance between the filling piece and the hole wall.
  • the end of the heater filling rod 222 extending into the hole is the insulated end of the heater filling rod.
  • the special-shaped cooler 24 includes: a cooler heat conductor 241 and a plurality of cooler filling rods 242.
  • the cooler heat conductor 241 is provided with a cooler filling rod 242 that matches the corresponding hole shape.
  • the plurality of cooler filling rods 242 are in contact with the cooler.
  • the heat conductor 241 is flexibly connected.
  • the multiple cooler filling rods 242 and the cooler heat conductor 241 can also be made of high-temperature-resistant metal wires or buckles with greater freedom before facing the side of the gas distribution piston 23. and other structures to realize flexible connection, and can rotate relative to the cooler heat conductor 241.
  • a plurality of cooler filling rods 242 are used to fill the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to it, and the cooler filling rods 242 are connected with the porous heat conductor 241.
  • the holes of the heat storage body are tightly connected to eliminate useless volume.
  • the cooler filling rod 242 with a rotational connection can block the transmission of lateral force when the valve piston 23 is running, reducing or even eliminating the frictional resistance between the filling piece and the hole wall.
  • the end of the cooler filling rod 242 extending into the hole is the insulated end of the cooler filling rod.
  • the heater filling rod 222 has a heater filling rod thermal conductive end 2221 and a heater filling rod insulating end 2222.
  • the heater filling rod thermal conductive end 2221 is rotatably installed on the heater thermal conductor 221 toward the gas distribution piston 23.
  • the insulated end 2222 of the heater filling rod can be filled into the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 .
  • the heat-conducting end 2221 of the heater filling rod is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage material, which has the functions of heat conduction and auxiliary heating of working gas.
  • the insulating end 2222 of the heater filling rod is made of quartz, zirconia and other insulating materials.
  • the cooler filling rod 242 has a cooler filling rod thermal conductive end 2421 and a cooler filling rod insulating end 2422 .
  • the cooler filling rod thermal conductive end 2421 is rotatably installed on the cooler thermal conductor 241 toward the valve piston 23
  • the insulated end 2422 of the cooler filling rod can be filled into the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 .
  • the heat-conducting end 2421 of the cooler filling rod is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage material, which has the functions of heat conduction and auxiliary heating of working gas.
  • the insulating end 2422 of the cooler filling rod is made of quartz, zirconia and other insulating materials.
  • a multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure is arranged on the gas distribution piston, thus having the functions of both a regenerator and a gas distribution piston.
  • the heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structures at each level are arranged sequentially starting from the heat chamber and adopt ceramic honeycomb storage. Hot body heat exchanger, metal heat exchanger, semiconductor refrigeration heat pump structure, absorption or compression refrigeration heat pump heat exchange mechanism.
  • the heat engine provided by this application also includes: a thermal conductor 29.
  • the thermal conductor 29 is arranged in the cold cavity of the cylinder 21 and is connected to the porous heat storage body 122 close to the cold cavity.
  • a cooling structure is provided on the porous heat storage body 122 corresponding to the heating temperature of the compressed gas, and a thermal conductor is provided on the porous heat storage body corresponding to the temperature level to bypass the second one-way
  • the valve 124 forms a thermal bridge, and extends the thermally conductive filler 292 throughout the cold chamber air chamber, matching the shape of the special-shaped cooler. The close movement of the two can perfectly eliminate useless volume.
  • this heat engine also includes: a thermal bridge disconnection component 291.
  • the thermal bridge disconnection component 291 is provided between the thermal conductor 29 and the porous thermal storage body 122, and is used to control the thermal conductor 29 and the porous thermal storage body 122. between interruptions and connections.
  • the thermal bridge disconnection assembly 291 is composed of a rotating shaft 2911 and a thermal bridge connecting rod 2912.
  • the thermal bridge connecting rod 2912 It can rotate around the rotating shaft 2911.
  • the cross-sectional area of the heater filling rod 222 gradually decreases from the connection with the heater filling rod thermal end 2221 to the end of the heater filling rod 222 away from the heater filling rod thermal end 2221.
  • the cross-sectional area of the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to the heater filling rod 222 gradually decreases from one end close to the heater filling rod 222 to the other end far away from the heater filling rod 222.
  • the cooling filling member 224 In order to gradually reduce the cross-sectional area starting from the connection with the cooling heat conduction section 2241 to the end of the cooling filler 224 away from the cooling heat conduction section 2241, the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 close to the cooling filler 224 start from the cooling filler 224. The cross-sectional area starting from one end of 224 and ending at the other end away from the cooling filler 224 gradually decreases. As a result, the heater filling rod 222, the heating filling piece 224 and the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 form a tapered structure, thereby ensuring that the working gas can flow gradually.
  • the heater filling rod 222 and the porous heat storage body 122 close to the heater filling rod 222 are taken as an example for description.
  • the special-shaped heater 22, the gas distribution piston 23, and the special-shaped cooler 24 are arranged in sequence in the cylinder, and a multi-stage foldable storage tank is arranged on the gas distribution piston 23.
  • the thermal heat exchange type heat recovery structure 12 has one end close to the special-shaped heater 22 as the cylinder hot chamber, and the other end close to the special-shaped cooler 24 as the cylinder cold chamber.
  • a one-way air inlet valve or intake valve 261 can be installed on the cold chamber; , the rest of the power piston 26, valve piston tie rod 25, crankshaft connecting rod 27, flywheel 28 and other structures are the same or similar to the existing ⁇ and ⁇ Stirling machine technologies.
  • the special-shaped heater 22 is composed of a special-shaped thermal conductor 223 and a filling body 225.
  • the special-shaped thermal conductor 223 is made of high-temperature-resistant thermal conductive materials such as silicon carbide, copper, etc., and introduces external heat into the hot end of the cylinder; it is also provided with a corresponding
  • the shape of the filling body 224 of the regenerator positioning and limiting structure is consistent when inserted, and the dead volume is eliminated; the shape of the special-shaped heat conductor 223 and the filling block 225 in the corresponding area of the inner cylinder corresponds to the mortise and tenon structure that interlocks with each other, that is, the geometric shape It matches the corresponding relationship as shown in Figure 16, thus eliminating the useless volume.
  • the special-shaped cooler 24 is composed of a special-shaped heat conductor 243 and a filling body 225.
  • the special-shaped heat conductor 243 is made of thermal conductive material and introduces or exports external heat into the cold end of the cylinder; it is also provided with a corresponding regenerator positioning and limiting structure.
  • the filling body 224 of the same shape fits tightly when inserted to eliminate dead volume; the shapes of the special-shaped thermal conductor 223 and the filling block 225 in the corresponding area of the inner cylinder correspond to each other, just like the mortise and tenon structures interlocking with each other, that is, the geometric shapes match. As shown in Figure 16, the corresponding relationship is thus eliminated.
  • a multi-stage foldable heat storage and heat exchange structure is arranged on the gas distribution piston, thus having the functions of both a regenerator and a gas distribution piston.
  • the heat storage and heat exchange structures at each level are arranged sequentially starting from the heat chamber and using ceramic honeycomb heat storage bodies.
  • Heater, metal heat exchanger, semiconductor refrigeration heat pump heat exchanger, absorption or compression refrigeration heat pump heat exchanger, a mechanical transmission device is arranged in the inner cylinder and is directly and indirectly connected to the piston to control the expansion and expansion of the regenerator according to the rhythm of the piston movement. Folded, various heat pump components, pipe valves, control circuits, etc. are arranged simultaneously in the inner cylinder.
  • the cold-end filling body cooperates with the mechanical transmission device to fold the cold-end regenerators step by step, and at the same time, the hot-end regenerators unfold in turn.
  • the working fluid gas in the cold cavity gradually passes through the multi-stage regenerative regenerator and the one-way valve with the air inlet in the direction of the cold end. It absorbs the heat of the regenerator step by step and the temperature rises step by step until it enters the hot cavity.
  • the filling block continues to approach the special-shaped heat conductor until the two are tightly combined without gaps; when the gas distribution piston moves toward the hot chamber, the hot end filling body cooperates with the mechanical transmission device to fold the cold end regenerators step by step, and at the same time, the cold end The stage regenerators are stretched out in sequence, and the hot cavity working gas passes through the multi-stage regenerative regenerator and the one-way valve with the air inlet in the direction of the hot end.
  • the temperature Gradually decreases; after entering the heat pump refrigeration regenerator, the heat storage body connected to the evaporator at the cooling end absorbs heat, and the temperature further drops below normal temperature.
  • the filling block continues to approach the special-shaped heat conductor until the two are tightly combined without gaps; the rest of the structure And the operation is the same or similar to that of ⁇ and ⁇ Stirling machines.
  • This embodiment also provides a heat engine 50 with a regenerator.
  • the heat engine includes: the regenerator described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, the regenerator adopts a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure.
  • the heat engine 50 includes: an adiabatic cylinder 54, a combustion chamber, a porous regenerative burner 52, a fuel nozzle 53, a multi-stage regenerative heat exchange recuperation structure, a cooling structure, and a vortex tube
  • the separation structure, the moving filling block and the intake and exhaust valve set structure and timing system on the cylinder head, the air filter system, the cooling system and the turbocharger system, the insulated cylinder 54 is equipped with a special-shaped insulated piston and a sealing structure, the special-shaped insulated piston and the crankshaft
  • the connecting rod is connected, and a multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure is arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • a porous adiabatic cylinder 54 with a fixed spatial position, a porous regenerative burner 52, a fuel nozzle 53, and a multi-stage regenerative heat exchange heat recovery structure are sequentially arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • the movable filling block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks, each of which is The mobile filling block is free between the cold cavity and the combustion chamber, and is directly or indirectly connected with the timing system.
  • the regenerator adopts a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure, as shown in Figure 28.
  • the heat engine provided by this application includes: an adiabatic cylinder 54, a combustion chamber, and a porous heat storage Burner 52, fuel nozzle 53, multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure, cooling structure, vortex tube separation structure, movable filling block, intake and exhaust valve set structure and timing system on the cylinder head, and air filtration system , cooling system and worm gear supercharging system, the adiabatic cylinder 54 is provided with a special-shaped adiabatic piston and a sealing structure, the special-shaped adiabatic piston is connected to the crankshaft connecting rod, and a porous regenerative burner, a fuel nozzle and a multi-stage folding type with fixed spatial position are arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • a filling body is provided on the high-temperature section of the special-shaped insulated piston, which corresponds to the shape of the limiting positioning structure on the top of the combined sheet group of the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure and is embedded in each other.
  • the movable filling block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks. The movable filling block moves freely between the cold chamber and the combustion chamber, and is directly or indirectly connected with the timing system.
  • a heat engine with a regenerator includes: an adiabatic cylinder 54, a combustion chamber, a gas distribution piston, a multi-stage heat storage heat exchange recuperation structure, a fuel nozzle 53, a cooling Structure, special-shaped cooler, intake and exhaust valve set structure and timing system, air filtration system, cooling system, turbocharging system, special-shaped insulated piston and sealing structure in the insulated cylinder, fuel nozzles arranged in the combustion chamber, multi-stage heat storage
  • the heat exchange regenerator is installed on the gas distribution piston and is connected with the cooling structure; the gas distribution piston divides the cylinder into a cold chamber and a hot chamber, and the cold chamber is connected to a special-shaped cooler.
  • the heat engine provided by this application includes: an insulated cylinder 54, a combustion chamber, a gas distribution piston, a multi-stage folding type heat storage and heat exchange type heat recovery type Thermal structure, fuel nozzle, cooling structure, special-shaped cooler, intake and exhaust valve group structure and timing system, air filtration system, cooling system, turbocharging system, special-shaped adiabatic piston and sealing structure in the adiabatic cylinder, special-shaped adiabatic piston
  • a filling block and a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure is a filling block and a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure.
  • the limiting positioning structure on the top of the combined sheet group fits into each other correspondingly; the combustion chamber is equipped with a fuel nozzle, and the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchanger is
  • the regenerator is installed on the gas distribution piston and is connected to the cooling structure; the gas distribution piston divides the cylinder into a cold chamber and a hot chamber, and the cold chamber is equipped with a special-shaped filling block, which fits with the shape of the cooling structure.
  • the heat engine provided by this application includes: hot end cylinder, special-shaped heater, multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, cold end cylinder , the hot end cylinder and the cold end cylinder are on the same straight line. They are both insulated cylinders with an insulated piston and sealing structure.
  • the hot end cylinder, special-shaped heater, multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange recuperator, and cold end cylinder are arranged in sequence.
  • the multi-tube arrangement structure of the special-shaped heater is made of high-temperature-resistant and thermally conductive materials, and contains multiple working medium air flow pipes, with filling rods extending all over the cross-section.
  • the heat engine provided by this application includes: hot end gas Cylinder, folding special-shaped heater 52, multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, cold end cylinder, movable filling block, hot end cylinder and cold end cylinder are on the same straight line, both are insulated cylinders with thermal insulation inside.
  • the piston and sealing structure are arranged in sequence with a hot end cylinder, a folding special-shaped heater, a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator, and a cold end cylinder; in the hot end cylinder, a filler protrudes from the insulated piston, and the folding special-shaped heater
  • the structure of the device 52 is a telescopic and foldable movable structure, which is composed of at least one heating combination piece 520, a push-pull drive structure 525, a mechanical transmission device, and a thermal conductive base.
  • a single heating combination piece 520 contains two paired plates arranged in pairs.
  • the sheet-shaped heat conduction sheet 521 and the heat conduction sheet 2 522 are wrapped by the heat conduction protection shell 523 and the heat conduction protection shell 2 524, and the concave and convex parts of the two are fitted in relative shapes; the heat conduction sheet and the heat conduction protection shell are made of high temperature resistant thermal conductive materials; push and pull
  • the driving structure 525 is directly or indirectly connected to the piston power structure through a mechanical transmission device.
  • the thermally conductive base body is directly connected to the heat source;
  • the movable filling block is composed of one or more independent filling blocks.
  • the movable filling block is free between the cold cavity and the hot cavity and is directly or indirectly connected to the timing mechanism.
  • the push-pull drive structure 525 is directly or indirectly connected to the piston power structure through a mechanical transmission device. Under the action of the push-pull drive structure 525, the heating combination pieces 520 reciprocally expand and fold with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • the heat-conducting substrate is directly connected to the heat source to continuously introduce heat; when the heating combination piece 520 is unfolded, holes are formed in the concave and convex parts to become working gas circulation channels, and at the same time, the heated working gas takes away the heat; when it is driven out
  • the thermal conductive sheet 1 521 and the thermal conductive sheet 2 522 are closely connected, and the concave and convex parts are tightly connected without gaps and dead volumes.
  • the air flow circulation channel disappears, and at the same time, the closely connected heating combination sheet group forms a thermal bridge, which will The heat transmitted from the thermally conductive matrix is transferred layer by layer to supplement the heat taken away.
  • a movable filling block 117 is added, which can be composed of one or more independent filling blocks, and can move freely between the cold chamber and the combustion chamber respectively.
  • the folding type heat storage and heat release are returning, When the heat exchanger is in a folded state, the moving filling block fills the space left by the folded heat storage and release regenerator in a position that the filler cannot reach.
  • the foldable heat storage and heat release regenerator is gradually unfolded, Each mobile filling block is retreated to the combustion chamber or during step-by-step cooling to avoid unnecessary volume increase.
  • the cylinder wall of the insulated cylinder 54 is divided into two parts: a normal temperature section 541 and a high-temperature insulated section 542.
  • the high-temperature insulated section 542 is made of insulating material and is lengthened to more than twice the length of the piston.
  • the length from the front end of the piston is about Starting from a stroke length position, one or more piston body regenerator rings or annular regenerators are arranged.
  • An annular regenerator is also provided on the cylinder wall at this section within a piston stroke length range starting from the junction of the normal temperature section 541 and the high temperature section.
  • a special-shaped adiabatic piston is installed in the insulated cylinder.
  • the special-shaped thermal piston is connected to the crankshaft. It consists of a normal temperature section connected by the rod and a high temperature section extending into the high temperature area.
  • a piston ring seal is arranged on the normal temperature section.
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston 51 is slidably disposed inside the adiabatic cylinder 54, and forms a combustion chamber with the adiabatic cylinder 54.
  • the regenerator 10, the porous regenerative burner 52, and the fuel nozzle 53 are all disposed in the combustion chamber.
  • a plurality of filling pieces 511 are rotatably connected to one side of the special-shaped adiabatic piston 51, and the filling pieces 511 are used to be inserted into the holes of the porous heat storage burner 52 and the porous heat storage body 122 adjacent thereto.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston 51 has a normal temperature section 512 and a high-temperature section 513 extending into the combustion chamber. Multiple filling pieces 511 are rotatably connected to the high-temperature section 513.
  • the normal temperature section 513 is equipped with multiple heat recovery loops. 514.
  • a plurality of cylinder wall heat recovery rings 515 with a preset length range are provided on the insulated cylinder 54 from the junction of the normal temperature section 512 and the high temperature insulated section 51. In this way, the heat of the leaked working fluid gas can be recovered.
  • the length of the high temperature section 512 is greater than twice the stroke of the special-shaped insulated piston 51 .
  • the preset length range is the stroke of the special-shaped adiabatic piston 51 .
  • the filling piece 511 starts from the connection point with the special-shaped thermal insulation piston 51 and ends when the filling piece 511 is away from the special-shaped insulation piston 51 .
  • the cross-sectional area of one end of the piston 51 gradually decreases, and the cross-sectional area of the holes of the porous heat storage body 122 gradually decreases from one end close to the filling member 511 to the other end far away from the filling member 511, forming a tapered structure.
  • the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine is a release of pressure gas, and vortex tube refrigeration separation technology can be used.
  • a vortex tube structure 84 is set at the outlet of the pressure tail gas flow to separate the air flow into cold and hot air flows; the cold air flow passes through the cold air flow duct 87 It is connected to the discharge port and discharged directly, and a hot air flow duct 85 is set to guide the hot air flow back to the corresponding regenerator 12 before re-entering the cooling process.
  • the hot gas flow conduit 85 passes through the inner cylinder from the hot gas flow outlet of the vortex tube 84 to the starting end of the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator 12 on the other side.
  • the outlet pipe 86 is located on the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator 12.
  • both the inlet and outlet pipe sections are equipped with control switch valves 88 Opens at the beginning of the exhaust stroke and closes promptly at the end of the exhaust stroke.
  • the internal combustion engine with a regenerator provided by this embodiment can be divided into four strokes.
  • the intake stroke the intake valve opens, the piston moves downward, and cold air enters driven by the turbocharger. cylinder.
  • the cold air is preheated step by step through the regenerators at all levels, and the piston reaches the bottom dead center.
  • the compression stroke the piston moves upward, and the air is further compressed and heated; the thermal bridge disconnection structure connects the thermal bridge, and the thermally conductive fillers throughout the air chamber quickly transfer heat through the thermal conductor to the connected porous heat storage body, allowing the gas to The temperature drops rapidly, reducing the compression work; at the end of the compression stroke, the fuel nozzle opens, and the fuel quickly evaporates and heats up to form a mixture.
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves downward, the mixture organizes rapid and clean combustion at high temperature and low oxygen in the porous regenerative burner and combustion chamber, and the piston drives the connecting rod and crankshaft to do work.
  • the exhaust stroke the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve opens. After cooling down, the high-temperature exhaust gas first passes through the exhaust gas purifier, and then enters the regenerator at each stage to be gradually cooled to close to normal temperature. The pressure exhaust gas is first separated by the vortex tube, and the hot air flow is re-cooled. It then flows with the cold air through the turbocharger to recover the pressure energy and then discharges it.
  • the regenerator After completing the above four strokes, the regenerator performs reversal. Specifically, after a period of time (for example, 50 seconds), the corresponding porous regenerators in the regenerator tend to be saturated in heat storage and release. At this time, the reversal occurs.
  • the shift mechanism operates, the regenerator rotates as a whole 180 degrees or other corresponding smaller angles to achieve reversal (or the one-way valve group on it rotates as a whole 180 degrees or other corresponding smaller angles to achieve reversal), and the air flow The path changes, corresponding to the exchange of the working state of the heat storage body (heat storage, heat release); and so on.
  • the high-temperature insulated section of the insulated cylinder (corresponding to the middle cylinder of the internal combustion engine cylinder) contains the combustion chamber.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is connected to the crankshaft connecting rod, and the combustion chamber is designed to be insulated.
  • a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure is arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • the intake and exhaust valve set structures on the cylinder head and other components such as the timing system, filtration system, cooling system, etc. are consistent with existing internal combustion engine technology.
  • the structure of the special-shaped adiabatic piston is basically the same as that of the special-shaped adiabatic piston, but there is no filling rod on the high-temperature section of the special-shaped adiabatic piston. Instead, a filling body is provided, which is combined with the limit on the top of the combined sheet group of the multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure.
  • the shapes of the positioning structures correspond to each other; the rest of the structure and layout, such as the normal temperature section and recuperator loop, annular recuperator loop, adiabatic cylinder, etc., are the same, including the corresponding first-level regenerative regenerator setting and the cooling structure as shown in Figure 12. And the vortex tube structure as shown in Figure 21.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is composed of a normal temperature section connected to the crankshaft connecting rod and a high-temperature section extending into the high-temperature area.
  • the high-temperature section is equipped with multiple or more filling rods evenly distributed on the cross section, and is connected to the high-temperature section by a flexible connect.
  • the end of the filling rod close to the high-temperature section of the insulated piston is the heat-conducting end of the filling rod, which is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting and heat-storage materials.
  • the end that extends into the high-temperature area is the insulating end of the filling rod, which is made of heat-insulating materials.
  • the special-shaped insulated piston is composed of a normal temperature section connected to the crankshaft connecting rod and a high-temperature section extending into the high-temperature area.
  • the high-temperature section is equipped with a filling block and a multi-stage folding heat storage and heat exchange regenerator structure or a folding special-shaped heater. Limit positioning at the top of the combined piece group The structural shapes fit into each other accordingly.
  • the cooling structure is installed on the first-level heat storage heat exchange regenerator corresponding to the temperature.
  • the heat storage body corresponding to the temperature level or the cold storage connected to the evaporator is equipped with a heat conductor to bypass the one-way valve and other components to form a thermal bridge, and
  • the thermally conductive filling rods or filling plates are extended throughout the cold cavity air chamber and fit into the shape of the special-shaped cooler; a thermal bridge disconnecting structure is provided on the thermal bridge path, which is composed of a thermal bridge connecting rod that can rotate around the rotating shaft.
  • the vortex tube structure is arranged at the outlet of the pressure tail gas flow, the cold air flow duct is connected to the discharge port, and the hot air flow duct is connected to the front of the corresponding regenerator; the hot air flow duct passes through the inner cylinder from the hot air flow outlet of the vortex tube to connect to the other side
  • the outlet pipe is located on the short pipe before the one-way valve at the end of the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator; the inlet and outlet pipe sections are equipped with control switch valves.
  • the working process remains basically unchanged.
  • the intake valve opens, the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves downward, and cold air enters the cylinder driven by the turbocharger.
  • the corresponding regenerators at all levels are in an extended state, the cold air is preheated step by step through the regenerators at all levels, and the adiabatic piston reaches the bottom dead center.
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves upward, and the filling body on it gradually folds the regenerators at all levels.
  • the air is further compressed and heated, and is driven and compressed into the air chamber where the cooling structure is located; the thermal bridge disconnection structure connects the thermal bridge,
  • the heat-conducting filling rods throughout the air chamber quickly transfer heat to the connected heat storage body through the heat conductor, causing the gas temperature to drop rapidly and reducing the compression work;
  • the fuel nozzle opens, and the fuel quickly evaporates and heats up to form a mixture.
  • the gas mixture is shut down. Open the connection and the thermal bridge is interrupted.
  • the special-shaped adiabatic piston moves downward. As it moves downward, the regenerators at all levels stretch out in turn. The mixture passes through the regenerator and gradually heats up and enters the combustion chamber.
  • the mixture burns The tissue in the chamber burns rapidly, and the piston drives the connecting rod and crankshaft to do work.
  • the exhaust valve opens, and after cooling down, the high-temperature exhaust gas first passes through the exhaust gas purifier, and then enters the regenerator at each stage and is gradually cooled to close to normal temperature.
  • the pressure exhaust gas is first separated by the vortex tube, and the hot air flow is re-cooled. It then flows with the cold air through the turbocharger to recover the pressure energy and then discharges it.
  • the regenerator changes direction. Specifically, after a period of time (for example, 50 seconds), the heat storage and release of the corresponding heat storage bodies in the regenerator tend to be saturated. At this time, the rotating mechanism operates.
  • the reversing valve group rotates as a whole 180 degrees or other corresponding smaller angles to achieve reversal, the air flow path changes, and the corresponding working state of the regenerator (heat storage, heat release) is interchanged; and so on.
  • the portable micro-engine is modified with a rhombus transmission Stirling machine, as shown in Figure 19.
  • the original heater, regenerator, and cooler related pipes are canceled and blocked;
  • the gas distribution piston is modified with multi-stage heat storage
  • the heat exchange regenerator is a special-shaped heater modified at the end of the hot cavity of the cylinder, which is made of silicon carbide.
  • the hot end of the filling rod is also made of silicon carbide to facilitate the rapid introduction of the heat from the combustion furnace into the cylinder.
  • the other end is made of quartz material. , insert and extract back and forth into the holes of the porous regenerator of the three-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator to reduce the useless volume.
  • the porous regenerator adopts a large hole model to facilitate the insertion of the filling rod.
  • the corresponding cylinder piston adopts an oversized diameter and short stroke scheme.
  • a semiconductor refrigeration regenerator is arranged close to the cold end, ultra-high temperature and high-power thermoelectric power generation sheets are arranged between pairs of regenerators, and micro batteries are used to adjust the storage, and are connected to the electronic refrigeration circuit, thereby greatly reducing the temperature of the cold cavity and canceling the cooler.
  • the temperature of the working gas after work is about 500 degrees.
  • the first-stage regenerative heat exchange regenerator absorbs the heat of the working gas. The temperature drops from about 500 degrees to 350 degrees, and then the second level It is reduced to 200 degrees, and the third level is reduced to 150 degrees. Therefore, it is reduced to about 50 degrees after passing through the thermoelectric power generation piece, and then is cooled to below 10 degrees after passing through the semiconductor refrigeration piece area.
  • the working gas first absorbs the cold air of the cylinder. The external heat around the end is heated to about 20 degrees, and the temperature is returned to about 60 degrees through the cooling end of the refrigeration fin.
  • thermoelectric generator It is returned to 120 degrees through the heat dissipation end of the thermoelectric generator, and enters the third-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator to return to temperature. 180 degrees, after the second stage the temperature returns to 330 degrees, enters the first stage and returns to 480 degrees, and then reheats and performs a reciprocating cycle; it can be seen that both the cooling process and the reheating process can form two temperature gradients respectively, so the cold end Instead of discharging waste heat to the outside, it absorbs surrounding heat and becomes an all-in-one refrigeration machine.
  • the micro-combustor uses regenerative high-temperature air combustion technology.
  • the regenerator for tail gas heat energy recovery also uses a multi-stage regenerative heat exchanger, and is equipped with an electronic refrigeration circuit to assist in heat recovery.
  • the micro-combustor can discharge flue gas. Reduce the temperature to below 25 degrees to avoid thermal pollution from portable electronic devices.
  • This type of micro-engine has the advantages of Stirling engine such as no noise, high efficiency, and compatibility with various fuels. At the same time, it uses the piston ring sealing technology of internal combustion engines and is low-cost. The total weight of 100 watts of power is about two kilograms, which is easy to carry.
  • the heat pump refrigeration circuit When the heat pump refrigeration circuit is arranged in the gas piston, it can be directly cooled.
  • the semiconductor temperature difference power generation sheet and refrigeration sheet are small in size and light in weight.
  • the refrigeration efficiency is low, the "heating" efficiency is extremely high, which is enough to meet the requirements of portable power equipment that is light in weight, no noise, less waste heat, easy to carry, and compatible with various fuels, so that light products such as intelligent variable temperature air-conditioning clothing can be further produced.
  • each household's small engine of two kilowatts to several kilowatts can be used as a combined heat and power distributed energy engine (or generator) that is compatible with various fuels.
  • an engine modified with a rhombus drive Stirling machine as shown in Figure 19, the original heater, regenerator, cooler machine-related pipes are eliminated and blocked; the cylinder piston adopts an oversized diameter short-stroke scheme to facilitate assembly
  • the gas piston is modified with a multi-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator, and the end of the cylinder hot chamber is modified with a special-shaped heater made of silicon carbide.
  • the hot end of the filling rod is also made of silicon carbide to facilitate the rapid introduction of the heat from the combustion furnace into the cylinder.
  • the other end is made of quartz material, and is inserted back and forth into the regenerator holes of the multi-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator to reduce the useless volume;
  • a semiconductor refrigeration regenerator is arranged close to the cold end, between multiple pairs of regenerators Arrange high-power thermoelectric power generation chips, use micro batteries to regulate storage, and connect to the electronic refrigeration circuit to significantly reduce the temperature of the cold cavity and eliminate the cooler.
  • the solar thermal power generation can share the turbine system. If it is summer or when the temperature is high, the new engine can directly drive the refrigeration compressor.
  • a high-power compressor can also be added to the gas distribution piston to directly drive the cold end.
  • the cylinder becomes a refrigeration air conditioner, co-generating heat, electricity and cooling.
  • the refrigeration reduces the air supply temperature and has the function of an air conditioner.
  • the clean gas generating device disclosed in Chinese patent 201810117007X and international application PCT/CN2018/106670 it includes domestic waste and meal leftovers. Waste and other waste materials with high moisture content that are difficult to process can be mixed with dry fuel and disappear as high-temperature steam gasification raw materials.
  • Biomass charcoal formed by high-temperature gasification can also be used as an air filter; and one piece of equipment can double as an engine (power generation). machine), disinfection machine, heater, and air conditioner, one device can realize combined heating, electricity and cooling, with a simple structure and affordable price.
  • a large waste heat generator set in a steel plant uses a new engine of an improved Stirling machine as shown in Figure 30 to drive the generator set to generate electricity. It is filled with 1MPa pressure air as the working gas, and a one-way air inlet valve or air inlet is installed on the cold chamber. The door is connected to the air compressor to stabilize the pressure in the cylinder, thereby using a piston ring seal similar to that of an internal combustion engine.
  • the power is about 100 kilowatts and uses foldable heat storage.
  • the heat exchange recuperation structure consists of a foldable regenerator made of three-stage plate-like ceramic honeycomb regenerators and a foldable regenerator made of three-stage plate-like metal regenerators; the cross section is shown in Figure 31 It shows that the four tapered-shaped filling bodies protruding from the special-shaped piston adapt to the corresponding shape of the folding regenerator limit positioning structure.
  • the combination piece group is four groups, and the opening and folding movement direction of the combination piece is perpendicular to the center line;
  • the inner cylinder is equipped with a mechanical transmission device, which is connected with the push-pull driving structure of the foldable heat storage and heat exchange regenerator at each level and layer, and drives the expansion and folding of the regenerators at all levels with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • Two heat pump refrigeration circuits are added to the inner cylinder.
  • One is a metal hydride heat pump with the working fluid pair of hydrogen and matching materials La-Ni-Cu-Zr and Mm-Ml-Ni-Fe; the other is an absorption heat pump refrigeration circuit.
  • the working fluid pair is water and lithium bromide.
  • a semiconductor electronic refrigeration circuit can also be added.
  • the molten steel ladle and steel block that need to be cooled are connected to the thermal conductive base of the foldable heater through a high-temperature heat conduction device made of silicon carbide.
  • High-temperature heat is continuously introduced into the cylinder hot chamber; the working gas (pressure air) in the cylinder is heated by the foldable heater. After the heat exchanger is heated up, it is heated to a temperature of about 1300 degrees. After the work is done, the temperature of the working gas is about 1000 degrees. In the cooling process, the temperature of the working gas is reduced from about 1000 degrees to 500 degrees after the first-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator absorbs heat.
  • the second stage is reduced to 300 degrees
  • the third stage is reduced to 200 degrees, after passing through the refrigeration end of the metal hydride heat pump, it is reduced to about 80 degrees, and after passing through the absorption heat pump refrigeration end, it is reduced to about 10 degrees;
  • the working gas passes through the heat dissipation end of the double-effect lithium bromide unit and returns to temperature to 110 degrees, then through the heat dissipation end of the metal hydride heat pump to return to 180 degrees, enters the third-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator, and returns to 280 degrees.
  • the temperature is restored to 480 degrees in the first stage, and then returned to 950 degrees through the first stage regenerator, and then reheated to perform work in a reciprocating cycle.
  • both the cooling process and the heat recovery process can form two temperature gradients respectively, and the cold end no longer needs to discharge waste heat to the outside.
  • the temperature of the cold-end cylinder is controlled at normal temperature and is equal to the surrounding ambient temperature, and even absorbs heat from the cylinder periphery to cool down; eliminating the outflow of cold-end heat not only improves efficiency, but also eliminates or alleviates the high-temperature working conditions in the steelmaking and rolling workshops; this type of engine adopts Folding special-shaped heaters, regenerators, etc. eliminate useless volume and can use large-size heaters and regenerators, which overcome the shortcomings of Stirling machines such as low power and slow start, while retaining the quietness and quietness of Stirling machines. High efficiency, compatible with various fuels and heat, etc.
  • a heavy-duty truck engine is modified with a low-speed diesel engine.
  • a new internal combustion engine modification plan is adopted as shown in Figure 8.
  • the middle cylinder is eliminated and an adiabatic cylinder, a special-shaped adiabatic piston head, and a multi-stage heat storage recuperator (rotary) are added.
  • porous regenerative burner, cold end cooling structure, vortex tube structure, etc. retaining the turbocharging equipment; in the intake stage, the compressed air of the turbocharger and the regenerators at all levels gradually exchange heat and heat up, and then enter the compression stroke , the piston moves upward, and the air is further compressed and heated; the thermal bridge disconnection structure is connected to the thermal bridge, and the thermally conductive filling rods throughout the air chamber quickly transfer heat to the connected heat storage body through the thermal conductor, causing the gas temperature to drop rapidly, reducing Compression work; the fuel nozzle opens at the end of the compression stroke, and the fuel quickly evaporates and heats up to form a mixture and ignites to do work; the diesel quickly evaporates and mixes with air within 30 milliseconds, and the mixture is in the porous regenerative burner and on the filling rod in the combustion chamber In a spatial structure similar to a porous regenerative burner formed by regenerative materials, high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion are organized respectively, generating huge pressure while pushing the piston to perform
  • the temperature drops to about 700 degrees, and then enters the exhaust gas purification device.
  • the flue gas is purified in the three-way catalytic converter, and then enters the remaining regenerators.
  • the temperature drops below 100 degrees.
  • the exhaust valve opens, the low-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is diverted through the vortex tube and divided into hot air flow and cold air flow.
  • the hot air flow is connected through the duct to the short pipe before the regenerator on the other side and re-enters the cooling process, and then passes through the turbine together with the cold air flow.
  • the pressure energy recovered by the supercharger is discharged into the atmosphere. Since combustion occurs in an adiabatic cylinder, the heat energy and pressure of the exhaust gas are recovered can, thus reducing fuel consumption by half.
  • a nuclear-powered submarine engine uses a new type of engine similar to a Stirling machine as shown in Figure 27. It adopts a large diameter and long stroke design. It is filled with 30MPa pressure helium as the working gas.
  • the power piston seal adopts the existing Stirling machine sealing technology. , with a power of about 300 kilowatts.
  • the shipboard nuclear power plant including the 1st loop and the 2nd loop (conventional loop), uses multiple such engines in parallel to drive the generator or directly provide power.
  • the regenerator on the gas distribution piston adopts a folding heat storage exchanger.
  • the thermal recuperation structure consists of a folding regenerator made of three-stage plate-like ceramic honeycomb regenerators and a folding regenerator made of three-stage plate-like metal regenerators.
  • the shape of the special-shaped piston becomes As shown in Figure 24, the filling body protruding from the special-shaped piston adapts to the corresponding shape of the limit positioning structure of the foldable regenerator; a mechanical transmission device is arranged in the inner cylinder to interact with the push and pull of the foldable heat storage and heat exchange regenerators at all levels.
  • the driving structure is connected to drive the expansion and folding of the regenerators at all levels with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • Two heat pump refrigeration circuits are added to the inner cylinder.
  • One is a metal hydride heat pump with the working fluid pair of hydrogen and matching materials La-Ni-Cu-Zr and Mm-Ml-Ni-Fe; the other is an absorption heat pump refrigeration circuit.
  • the working fluid pair is water and lithium bromide.
  • a separate semiconductor electronic refrigeration circuit is added, and a DC power supply electronic refrigeration chip energy is introduced.
  • the working gas in the cylinder is heated to a temperature of about 750 degrees after the heater is heated.
  • the temperature of the working gas after work is about 650 degrees.
  • the first-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator in the cooling process After absorbing heat, the working gas temperature drops from about 650 degrees to 400 degrees, then to 300 degrees in the second stage, to 200 degrees in the third stage, and then to about 80 degrees after passing through the cooling end of the metal hydride heat pump. After the cooling end of the heat pump, the temperature drops to about 10 degrees. In winter, it can be cooled to about 0 degrees after passing through the semiconductor refrigeration area. There is no temperature difference power generation circuit.
  • the electronic refrigeration circuit uses direct current to be introduced from the outside; during the heat recovery process, the working gas passes through it first.
  • the heat dissipation end of the refrigeration plate returns to about 50 degrees, then returns to 120 degrees through the heat dissipation end of the double-effect lithium bromide unit, returns to 180 degrees through the heat dissipation end of the metal hydride heat pump, and enters the third-stage heat storage heat exchanger regenerator.
  • the temperature reaches 280 degrees, then the temperature returns to 380 degrees through the second stage, and the temperature returns to 620 degrees through the first stage regenerator, and then reheats and performs work in a reciprocating cycle.
  • Both the cooling process and the heat recovery process can form two temperature gradients respectively, and the cold end no longer needs to discharge waste heat to the outside or the heat dissipation is very small.
  • the temperature of the cold end cylinder is controlled at about 4 degrees, which is the same as that of deep sea water. Eliminating the outflow of cold end heat not only improves efficiency, but also eliminates thermal wakes and facilitates stealth.
  • This type of engine uses special-shaped heaters to overcome the low power of Stirling engines. , slow start and other defects, while retaining the advantages of Stirling machine such as silent, efficient, compatible with various fuels and heat.
  • a light tank engine adopts a new type of improved Stirling machine as shown in Figure 30, which is filled with 30MPa pressure air as working gas.
  • the power piston seal adopts the existing Stirling machine sealing technology, with a power of about 500 kilowatts and a folding
  • a type of heat storage and heat exchange recuperation structure, a folding regenerator made of three-stage plate-like ceramic honeycomb regenerators, a folding regenerator made of three-stage plate-like metal regenerators, and a special-shaped piston are arranged. The shape changes to that shown in Figure 24.
  • the filling body protruding from the special-shaped piston adapts to the corresponding shape of the limit positioning structure of the foldable regenerator; a mechanical transmission device is arranged in the inner cylinder to communicate with the foldable heat storage and heat exchange regenerators at all levels.
  • the push-pull drive structure of the heater is connected to drive the expansion and folding of the regenerators at all levels with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • Two heat pump refrigeration circuits are added to the inner cylinder.
  • One is a metal hydride heat pump with hydrogen and matching materials La-Ni-Cu-Zr and Mm-Ml-Ni-Fe as the working fluid; the other is an absorption heat pump refrigeration circuit.
  • the working fluid pair is water and lithium bromide.
  • a semiconductor electronic refrigeration circuit can be added.
  • the fuel can be existing tank oil, vegetable oil, palm oil, etc., and combined with a clean gas generating device, it can even be compatible with wood-based biomass fuel commonly used in jungle operations. Fuel can be obtained from local materials and anywhere, saving the trouble of logistics and transportation; because The combustion temperature of the combustion chamber is high. After the heater is heated up in the cylinder, the working gas is heated to a temperature of about 1500 degrees. After work is performed, the temperature of the working gas is about 1000 degrees. In the cooling process, the first-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator absorbs heat.
  • the temperature of the working gas is reduced from about 1000 degrees to 500 degrees, then to 300 degrees in the second stage, to 200 degrees in the third stage, and then to about 80 degrees after passing through the refrigeration end of the metal hydride heat pump, and then to about 80 degrees through the refrigeration end of the absorption heat pump. Then it drops to about 10 degrees. In summer and when the outside temperature is high, it can be cooled to about 0 degrees through the semiconductor refrigeration area. There is no temperature difference power generation circuit.
  • the electronic refrigeration circuit uses direct current to be introduced from the outside; during the heat recovery process, the working fluid
  • the gas first passes through the cooling end of the refrigeration fin to return to about 30 degrees, then passes through the heat dissipation end of the lithium bromide unit to return to 110 degrees, and passes through the metal hydride heat pump's heat dissipation end to return to 290 degrees before entering the third-stage heat storage heat exchange recuperator.
  • the temperature is restored to 280 degrees, then the temperature is restored to 480 degrees through the second stage, and the temperature is returned to 950 degrees through the first stage regenerator, and then the heating cycle is repeated.
  • both the cooling process and the heat recovery process can form two temperature gradients respectively, and the cold end no longer needs to discharge waste heat to the outside.
  • the temperature of the cold end cylinder is controlled at normal temperature and is equal to the surrounding ambient temperature, and even absorbs heat from the periphery of the cylinder to cool down. Eliminating the heat outflow from the cold end not only improves efficiency, but also eliminates high-temperature infrared radiation characteristics, thus eliminating thermal wakes and helping to avoid infrared heat-seeking missiles.
  • This type of engine uses special-shaped heaters to eliminate useless volume and can use large-size heaters and regenerators, which overcomes the shortcomings of the Stirling machine such as low power and slow start, while retaining the quietness and quietness of the Stirling machine. It has the advantages of high efficiency, compatibility with various fuels and heat, and can also covertly and silently engage the enemy.
  • An extended-range generator for an electric vehicle uses a new engine of an improved Stirling machine as shown in Figure 26, which drives the generator to generate electricity and store it in the storage battery.
  • Mileage anxiety the engine is filled with ordinary air as working gas, and a one-way intake valve or intake valve 45 is provided on the cold cavity, so that the power piston of this type of engine can use a piston ring seal similar to that of an internal combustion engine, and the air intake Structures such as doors are connected to the one-way intake valve 45 to exchange gas with the surrounding environment to supplement the pressure drop caused by leakage, thereby becoming a cheap engine that has the advantages of a Stirling engine and is similar in cost to an ordinary internal combustion engine.
  • the power is about 20 kilowatts. It adopts a foldable heat storage and heat exchange regenerative structure. It is equipped with a foldable regenerator made of three-stage plate-like ceramic honeycomb regenerators and a foldable regenerator made of three-stage plate-like metal regenerators. regenerator, the shape of the special-shaped piston becomes as shown in Figure 24.
  • the filling body protruding from the special-shaped piston adapts to the corresponding shape of the limit positioning structure of the foldable regenerator; a mechanical transmission device is arranged in the inner cylinder to cooperate with all levels of folding
  • the push-pull drive structure of the heat storage and heat exchange regenerator is connected to drive the expansion and folding of the regenerators at all levels with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • Two heat pump refrigeration circuits are added to the inner cylinder.
  • One is a metal hydride heat pump with the working fluid pair of hydrogen and matching materials La-Ni-Cu-Zr and Mm-Ml-Ni-Fe; the other is an absorption heat pump refrigeration circuit.
  • the working fluid pair is water and lithium bromide.
  • the fuel can be vegetable oil, palm oil, etc., and combined with a clean gas generating device, it can even be compatible with common fuels such as wood and coal; because the combustion chamber adopts high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion technology, the combustion temperature is high, and the working gas in the cylinder is heated to The temperature is about 1500 degrees, and the temperature of the working gas after work is about 1000 degrees. In the cooling process, the temperature of the working gas drops from about 1000 degrees to 500 degrees after the first-stage heat storage and heat exchange regenerator absorbs heat, and then decreases again in the second stage.
  • the third stage is reduced to 200 degrees, after passing through the refrigeration end of the metal hydride heat pump, it is reduced to about 80 degrees, and after passing through the refrigeration end of the absorption heat pump, it is reduced to about 10 degrees; in the heat recovery process, the working gas is first cooled
  • the area of the reactor absorbs heat and returns to about 30 degrees, and then returns to 110 degrees through the heat dissipation end of the lithium bromide unit.
  • After metal hydrogenation The heat dissipation end of the physical heat pump returns to 200 degrees, enters the third-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator and returns to 280 degrees, passes through the second stage to return to 480 degrees, and passes through the first stage regenerator to return to 950 degrees. , reheating and doing work in a reciprocating cycle.
  • both the cooling process and the recuperation process can form two temperature gradients respectively, and the cold end no longer needs to discharge waste heat to the outside, and even absorbs heat from the periphery of the cylinder to cool down, replacing the vehicle air conditioner;
  • this type of engine uses a foldable regenerator By eliminating the useless volume, large-sized cylinders, pistons, regenerators and other components can be used, which overcomes the shortcomings of the Stirling machine such as low power and slow start, while retaining the Stirling machine's quietness, efficiency, compatibility with various fuels and Heat and other advantages.
  • the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, which generates about 20 kilowatt hours per hour, which is enough to meet the power requirements of large cars or small trucks. It reduces the capacity of the on-board power battery to only a few kilowatt hours for storage, and reduces the weight from 600 kilograms to 50 kilograms. Within kilograms, and the total weight of this generator set is only about 400 kilograms.
  • a large waste heat generator set in a steel plant uses a new engine of an improved Stirling machine as shown in Figure 29 to drive the generator set to generate electricity. It is filled with 1MPa pressure air as the working gas, and a one-way air inlet valve or intake valve is installed on the cold chamber. 45. It is connected to the air compressor to stabilize the pressure in the cylinder, thereby using a piston ring seal similar to that of an internal combustion engine.
  • the power is about 100 kilowatts, using a folding heat storage and heat exchange heat recovery structure, and a total of three-stage plate-shaped ceramic honeycombs.
  • the body adapts to the corresponding shape of the limit positioning structure of the foldable regenerator.
  • the combination piece group is divided into four groups.
  • the opening and folding movement direction of the combination piece is perpendicular to the center line; a mechanical transmission device is arranged in the inner cylinder, which is connected with the folding storage units at all levels and layers.
  • the push-pull drive structure of the heat exchange regenerator is connected to drive the expansion and folding of the regenerators at all levels with the rhythm of the piston movement.
  • Two heat pump refrigeration circuits are added to the inner cylinder.
  • One is a metal hydride heat pump with hydrogen and matching materials La-Ni-Cu-Zr and Mm-Ml-Ni-Fe as the working fluid; the other is an absorption heat pump refrigeration circuit.
  • the working fluid pair is water and lithium bromide.
  • a semiconductor electronic refrigeration circuit can be added.
  • the molten steel ladle and steel block that need to be cooled are connected to the thermal conductive base of the foldable heater through a high-temperature heat conduction device made of silicon carbide.
  • High-temperature heat is continuously introduced into the cylinder hot chamber; the working gas (pressure air) in the cylinder is heated by the foldable heater. After the heat exchanger is heated up, it is heated to a temperature of about 1300 degrees. After the work is done, the temperature of the working gas is about 1000 degrees. In the cooling process, the temperature of the working gas is reduced from about 1000 degrees to 500 degrees after the first-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator absorbs heat.
  • the second stage is reduced to 300 degrees
  • the third stage is reduced to 200 degrees, after passing through the refrigeration end of the metal hydride heat pump, it is reduced to about 80 degrees, and after passing through the absorption heat pump refrigeration end, it is reduced to about 10 degrees;
  • the working gas passes through the heat dissipation end of the double-effect lithium bromide unit and returns to temperature to 110 degrees, then through the heat dissipation end of the metal hydride heat pump to return to 180 degrees, enters the third-stage heat storage heat exchange regenerator, and returns to 280 degrees.
  • the temperature is restored to 480 degrees in the first stage, and then returned to 950 degrees through the first stage regenerator, and then reheated to perform work in a reciprocating cycle.
  • both the cooling process and the heat recovery process can form two temperature gradients respectively, and the cold end no longer needs to discharge waste heat to the outside.
  • the temperature of the cold-end cylinder is controlled at normal temperature and is equal to the surrounding ambient temperature, and even absorbs heat from the cylinder periphery to cool down; eliminating the outflow of cold-end heat not only improves efficiency, but also eliminates or alleviates the high-temperature working conditions in the steelmaking and rolling workshops; this type of engine adopts Folding special-shaped heaters, regenerators, etc. eliminate useless volume and can use large-size heaters and regenerators, which overcome the shortcomings of Stirling machines such as low power and slow start, while retaining the quietness and quietness of Stirling machines. High efficiency, compatible with various fuels and heat, etc.
  • the term “comprises” and any other variations thereof are intended to be non-exclusively inclusive such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also those not expressly listed or otherwise not part of the process , methods, systems, articles or other elements of equipment.
  • the term “coupled” and any other variations thereof as used herein refers to physical connection, electrical connection, magnetic connection, optical connection, communication connection, functional connection and/or any other connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un régénérateur de chaleur (10) ainsi qu'un moteur thermique et un moteur à combustion interne comprenant le régénérateur de chaleur (10). Le régénérateur de chaleur (10) comprend : un régénérateur de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples, un mécanisme de commande de direction de gaz de milieu de travail, un cylindre interne (126) et un circuit de pompe à chaleur, le régénérateur de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples comprenant au moins une paire de structures de régénération de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples indépendantes (12), la structure de régénération de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples (12) comprenant un corps de stockage de chaleur (122), et la structure de régénération de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples (12) étant conçue pour chauffer ou refroidir un étage de gaz de milieu de travail à écoulement unidirectionnel par étage ; le mécanisme de commande de direction de gaz de milieu de travail est conçu pour commander l'écoulement de circulation unidirectionnelle du gaz de milieu de travail, et changer la direction d'écoulement du gaz de milieu de travail une fois le chauffage ou le refroidissement étage par étage du gaz de milieu de travail achevé dans la structure de régénération de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples (12) ; et le cylindre interne (126) est situé entre au moins une paire de structures de régénération de chaleur d'échange de chaleur à accumulation de chaleur à étages multiples (12), et le circuit de pompe à chaleur est disposé à l'intérieur du cylindre interne (126). Au moyen de la configuration du régénérateur de chaleur (10), l'efficacité de régénération de chaleur peut être améliorée, et la différence de température entre les extrémités chaude et froide peut être augmentée, de telle sorte qu'il n'y a presque pas de perte de chaleur lors du refroidissement dans un cylindre.
PCT/CN2023/118664 2022-09-13 2023-09-13 Régénérateur de chaleur et moteur thermique doté d'un régénérateur de chaleur WO2024056007A1 (fr)

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CN202310354040 2023-03-20
CN202310724502.8 2023-06-16
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110088386A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-04-21 Michael Howard Configurations of a stirling engine and heat pump
CN110273780A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-24 浙江大学 具有蓄热壳体的回热器及斯特林循环系统
CN110821706A (zh) * 2019-11-01 2020-02-21 北京福典工程技术有限责任公司 斯特林发动机及其热交换方法
CN110998200A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2020-04-10 英比能源股份有限公司 用于产生热和电的联产系统和方法
US20210010721A1 (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-14 King Abdulaziz University Solar energy powered stirling duplex machine with thermal storage tank
CN112648106A (zh) * 2019-10-10 2021-04-13 天津工业大学 一种β型斯特林驱动自由活塞海水淡化增压系统

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110088386A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-04-21 Michael Howard Configurations of a stirling engine and heat pump
CN110998200A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2020-04-10 英比能源股份有限公司 用于产生热和电的联产系统和方法
CN110273780A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-24 浙江大学 具有蓄热壳体的回热器及斯特林循环系统
US20210010721A1 (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-14 King Abdulaziz University Solar energy powered stirling duplex machine with thermal storage tank
CN112648106A (zh) * 2019-10-10 2021-04-13 天津工业大学 一种β型斯特林驱动自由活塞海水淡化增压系统
CN110821706A (zh) * 2019-11-01 2020-02-21 北京福典工程技术有限责任公司 斯特林发动机及其热交换方法

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