WO2024055858A1 - 随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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WO2024055858A1
WO2024055858A1 PCT/CN2023/116732 CN2023116732W WO2024055858A1 WO 2024055858 A1 WO2024055858 A1 WO 2024055858A1 CN 2023116732 W CN2023116732 W CN 2023116732W WO 2024055858 A1 WO2024055858 A1 WO 2024055858A1
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detection
label
detection information
information
length
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PCT/CN2023/116732
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English (en)
French (fr)
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肖敏
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024055858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024055858A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/02—Capturing of monitoring data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H04L43/087—Jitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/12—Network monitoring probes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method for flow detection, a packaging node, a detection node, and a computer-readable medium.
  • Flow detection is an important function of data communication networks. That is, business packets directly carry flow detection information, so that each node passing through can directly perform detection based on the flow detection information to obtain network delay, packet loss, and jitter. and other performance indicators.
  • the flow-following detection function can be applied to various data communication networks such as Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) network and Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network.
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • the present disclosure provides a flow detection method, packaging node, detection node, and computer-readable medium.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for in-flow detection, which is used for an encapsulation node of an MPLS network.
  • the method includes: encapsulating a detection indication label and a detection information label in a label stack of an MPLS message; wherein, The detection indication tag is used to indicate the detection information tag in the tag stack; the detection information tag is used to indicate the detection type and detection information of the required flow detection, and the length of the detection information is the same as the detection information. Detection type correspondence.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for flow detection, which is used for a detection node in an MPLS network.
  • the method includes: parsing a label stack of a received MPLS message; and responding to the label stack including a detection indication.
  • the detection information tag determines the detection information tag in the tag stack according to the detection indication tag, wherein the detection indication tag is used to indicate the detection information tag in the tag stack, and the detection information tag is used to indicate the required
  • the detection type and detection information of the flow-following detection to be carried out the length of the detection information corresponds to the detection type; according to the detection information label, the detection type and detection information of the flow-following detection to be carried out are determined; and, according to the According to the above detection type and the above detection information, perform flow detection.
  • inventions of the present disclosure provide an encapsulation node for use in an MPLS network.
  • the encapsulation node includes one or more memories and one or more processors; the memory stores a computer that can be executed by the processor.
  • Program when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the flow detection methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a detection node for use in an MPLS network.
  • the detection node includes one or more memories and one or more processors; the memory stores a computer that can be executed by the processor.
  • Program when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the flow detection methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, any method of in-flow detection according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for flow detection of encapsulated nodes in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of another method for flow detection of an encapsulated node in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for flow-based detection of a detection node in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of another method for flow-based detection of a detection node in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of a method for flow detection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram of a device for encapsulating nodes in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram of a device for a detection node in an MPLS network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a computer-readable medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • plan and/or cross-sectional illustrations are schematic illustrations of the disclosure. Accordingly, example illustrations may be modified based on manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings but includes modifications of configurations formed based on manufacturing processes. Accordingly, the regions illustrated in the figures are of a schematic nature and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures are illustrative of the specific shapes of regions of the element and are not intended to be limiting.
  • Alternate Marking type is specified in the International Standards Organization IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Group) published standard RFC 8321, while the in-band operation management maintenance type is defined in the IETF published standard RFC 9197 and draft standard draft-ietf-ippm-ioam-direct-export-10.
  • the length of the in-flow detection information required for the alternate staining type in-flow detection is fixed.
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • the draft standard draft-ietf-mpls-inband-pm-encapsulation-03 released by the IETF specifies the method of performing flow-based detection of the alternating coloring type, and
  • the fixed length of the flow detection information is specified to be 23 bits.
  • the flow detection information required for in-band operation management and maintenance type flow detection has multiple data options. Some data options have a fixed length, and some data options have a variable length.
  • the draft standard draft-gandhi-mpls-ioam-05 released by IETF stipulates the method of performing in-band operation management and maintenance type flow-based detection.
  • the draft standard draft-ietf-ippm-ioam-direct-export-10 released by the IETF defines a fixed length of 40 bits for the Direct Export (DEX) data option, including a 16-bit namespace identifier (Namespace- ID) and 24-bit in-band operation management and maintenance trace type (IOAM-Trace-Type).
  • This direct export data option instructs the intermediate forwarding node and decapsulation node to send the detection (or telemetry, Telemetry) information of this node directly to the telemetry information analyzer, and other data options instruct the intermediate forwarding node and decapsulation node to add the detection information of this node to the service message, and finally the decapsulation node uniformly sends it to the telemetry information analyzer.
  • the alternating dyeing type of flow detection information is encapsulated in the label stack of the MPLS message, and a guide label (a label with a special value) is used to indicate the alternating dyeing type of flow detection information. exists; and the in-band operation management maintenance type of flow detection information is placed in the extension header after the label stack (the length of this type of flow detection information may vary and is uncertain, so it cannot be placed in the label stack), use Another boot tag indicates the presence of in-band operation management maintenance type flow detection information.
  • the nodes of the MPLS network cannot adopt unified rules when processing the flow detection information, which increases the processing difficulty and reduces the processing efficiency.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a flow detection method for encapsulation nodes of MPLS networks.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to implement flow detection in the MPLS network, and is performed by the encapsulation node used to encapsulate and send messages (service messages) in the MPLS network.
  • the encapsulation node encapsulates the flow detection information in the message according to the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, so that the detection node (including the intermediate forwarding node and the decapsulation node) that subsequently receives the message can perform the flow detection based on the flow detection information therein. .
  • each node in the MPLS network may have the ability to play different roles at the same time, that is, each node may act as an encapsulation node and a detection node respectively in different message sending processes.
  • the in-flow detection method in this embodiment includes: step S101, encapsulating the detection indication label and the detection information label in the label stack of the MPLS message.
  • the detection indication tag is used to indicate the detection information tag in the tag stack;
  • the detection information tag is used to indicate the detection type and detection information of the required flow detection, and the length of the detection information corresponds to the detection type.
  • the encapsulation node determines the content of the MPLS message (service message) that needs to be sent, and encapsulates the message accordingly to obtain the MPLS message, which can then send the MPLS message accordingly.
  • the encapsulating node also encapsulates the detection indication label and the detection information label in the label stack (MPLS label stack) of the MPLS message.
  • the detection indication label is used to indicate the detection information label, that is, it can indicate that there is a detection information label in the label stack, and indicate the specific location of the detection information label in the label stack.
  • the detection information label is used to indicate the detection type and detection information of the flow detection to be performed.
  • the detection type is used to indicate which type of flow detection is required.
  • the optional detection types include the above alternating dyeing type, in-band operation management and maintenance type, etc.
  • the detection information is the specific information of the flow detection, that is, the detection node needs to determine how to perform the flow detection based on the content of the detection information.
  • the detection node can directly determine the detection information in the detection information tag according to the detection type of the detection information tag.
  • the detection indication label in the label stack of the MPLS message is used to indicate that there is flow detection information
  • the detection information label is used to indicate the specific detection type and detection information. Therefore, various types of flow detection information are All can be uniformly encapsulated in the label stack, so that MPLS network nodes can use unified rules to parse and process MPLS packets, reducing processing difficulty and improving efficiency; moreover, the number of detection indication labels will not increase with the type of flow detection. Increasing the number can save scarce tag resources and reduce the depth of the tag stack; at the same time, since the length of the detection information is fixed (of course, the specific length value may be different for different detection types), the extraction and analysis process of detection information can be further simplified.
  • the detection indication label and the detection information label are set continuously in order;
  • the detection indication label includes a guide label and a length label;
  • the guide label includes a guide identification, and the guide identification is used to indicate that there is a detection information label in the label stack;
  • the length label Includes a length identifier, which is used to indicate the total length of the detection information tags in the tag stack.
  • the detection information tag may be set immediately after the detection indication tag.
  • the detection indication label includes two labels, namely a leading label and a length label.
  • the leading label is in front and the length label follows the leading label.
  • the boot ID in the boot label is used to indicate that there is a detection information label in the label stack. Its form is diverse.
  • the boot label can be an MPLS label with a special value.
  • the length identifier of the length tag is used to indicate the total length of the detection information tags in the tag stack, and its form is diverse.
  • the value of the length identifier can be the "number" of the detection information tags or the "number of bits" occupied, etc. .
  • the detection node can determine whether to perform flow detection based on whether there is a guide label in the label stack of the MPLS packet.
  • the length tag is further parsed to obtain the length of the detection information tag, thereby determining that the content of the corresponding length after the detection indication tag is the detection information tag, and these detection information tags are parsed to obtain the detection type and Detection information for flow detection.
  • the detection information tag includes a first detection information tag; the first detection information tag includes a type identification and first detection information; wherein the type identification is used to indicate the detection type; the length of the first detection information is the same as the first detection information. Detect the type identifier correspondence in the information tag.
  • one form of the detection information tag is a first detection information tag
  • each first detection information tag includes a type identification and first detection information.
  • the type identifier is used to determine the type of flow detection to be performed, and its form is diverse. For example, it can be a type field in the header of the first detection information tag, and different values of the type field correspond to different detection types.
  • the first detection information is the specific information required to perform the above type of flow detection; and since the length of the detection information corresponds to the detection type, the length of the first detection information in the first detection information tag can also be based on the The type identifier is determined.
  • the length of the corresponding first detection information may be 23 bits; and when the type identifier indicates that the in-flow detection is the in-band operation management and maintenance type, the corresponding first detection information
  • the length of the information can be 40 bits, etc.
  • the detection information label further includes a second detection information label corresponding to at least part of the first detection information label; wherein the second detection information label is located after its corresponding first detection information label; the second detection information label It includes second detection information, and the length of the second detection information corresponds to the type identifier in the first detection information tag corresponding to the second detection information tag.
  • the total length of the detection information may exceed the maximum length allowed by the first detection information tag. For this reason, for such a first detection information tag, a second detection information tag may be set thereafter. Information tag, and the second detection information tag does not have a "type identification", but only detection information (second detection information). Of course, the length of the second detection information corresponds to the type identification in the corresponding first detection information tag. of. Therefore, for a certain type of flow-following detection, the detection information can be jointly represented by the first detection information and the second detection information; it should be understood that the lengths of the first detection information and the second detection information correspond to the detection type, but the length of the two detection information corresponds to the detection type. The specific length value can vary.
  • the detection indication label also includes a detection extension header identifier; wherein the detection extension header identifier is used to indicate that the MPLS message includes a detection information extension header, and the detection information extension header includes additional detection information; with reference to Figure 2, the present disclosure implements
  • the example method also includes: step S102: adding the detection information extension header to the extension header of the MPLS message.
  • the information required for some types of in-flow detection may include variable-length parts (such as partial data options for in-band operation management maintenance types of in-flow detection), and these parts cannot be added to the label stack.
  • variable-length information can be used as additional detection information and set in the detection information extension header, and then the detection information extension header is added to the extension header located after the label stack.
  • a detection extension header identifier is required to indicate the presence of a detection information extension header in the MPLS packet.
  • the detection indication label and the detection information label are set continuously in order;
  • the detection indication label includes a guide label and a length label; wherein the guide label includes a guide identification, and the guide identification is used to indicate that there is a detection information label in the label stack;
  • the length label Including the length identifier, the length identifier is used to indicate the total length of the detection information label in the label stack;
  • the detection extension header identifier is located in the length label.
  • the above additional detection information is not the detection information in the detection information tag, but is located in the extension header, so its length does not need to correspond to the detection type, so the length of the additional detection information is variable.
  • the above detection extension header identifier may be located in a length tag. That is, the length tag, in addition to indicating the total length of the detection information label, may also indicate that the MPLS packet contains a detection information extension header.
  • detection extension header identification is not limited to the above example, as long as it can be determined according to the detection indication label whether there is a detection information extension header in the MPLS message.
  • extension header of the MPLS message may also include other types of extension headers, such as MPLS extension headers representing other information.
  • tags in the tag stack can also have other contents.
  • all tags can have an "S logo".
  • a value of 1 means that the tag is at the bottom of the stack, and a value of 0 means that the tag is at the bottom of the stack. Not at the bottom of the stack.
  • the MPLS message may also include other contents.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for flow detection, which is used for detection nodes of MPLS networks.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to implement flow detection in the MPLS network, which is specifically performed by the detection node in the MPLS network that receives the message (service message). That is, the detection node detects the flow according to the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Received messages (messages encapsulated by the encapsulating node and sent for the first time) are processed to implement flow-following detection.
  • the detection node can continue to forward the message to other nodes, which is an intermediate forwarding node; or the detection node can also decapsulate and finally process the message, which is a decapsulation node (that is, the target node).
  • each node in the MPLS network may have the ability to play different roles at the same time, that is, each node It may serve as an encapsulation node and a detection node respectively in different message sending processes.
  • the flow detection method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes steps S201 to S204.
  • step S201 the label stack of the received MPLS message is parsed.
  • step S202 in response to the tag stack including the detection indication tag, determine the detection information tag in the tag stack according to the detection indication tag.
  • the detection indication tag is used to indicate the detection information tag in the tag stack;
  • the detection information tag is used to indicate the detection type and detection information of the required flow detection, and the length of the detection information corresponds to the detection type.
  • step S203 the detection type and detection information of the required flow detection are determined according to the detection information tag.
  • step S204 flow-following detection is performed according to the detection type and detection information.
  • the detection node when the detection node receives the MPLS message sent by the encapsulating node, it parses its label stack. If the label stack includes the above detection indication label, it indicates that in-flow detection is required, so the detection node further performs the detection according to the detection indication.
  • the tag determines the detection information tag in the tag stack, parses the detection information tag to determine the detection type and detection information of the in-flow detection, and then actually performs the in-flow detection based on the detection type and detection information.
  • various types of flow detection information can be uniformly encapsulated in the label stack, so that MPLS network nodes can use unified rules to parse and process MPLS messages, reducing processing difficulty and improving efficiency; moreover, detection indication labels
  • the number will not increase with the increase of the types of in-flow detection, which can save scarce tag resources and reduce the depth of the tag stack; at the same time, because the length of the detection information is fixed, the extraction and analysis process of the detection information can be further simplified.
  • detection types include alternating staining types and/or in-band operational management maintenance types.
  • the specific type of in-flow detection performed by the detection node may include alternating staining type, band Internal operation management and maintenance types, etc.
  • the label stack does not detect the indication label, it means that there is no need to perform flow detection, and the MPLS packet can be processed in a conventional manner.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: step S2021, in response to the detection indication tag also including a detection extension header identifier, parsing the detection information extension header to obtain additional detection information.
  • the detection extension header identifier is used to indicate that the MPLS message includes a detection information extension header, and the detection information extension header includes additional detection information.
  • performing in-flow detection (S204) according to the detection type and detection information includes: Step S2041: performing in-flow detection according to the detection type, detection information, and additional detection information.
  • the detection node when the detection node parses the detection extension header identifier from the detection indication label, it indicates that the MPLS message also contains the above detection information extension header, so that the above additional detection can be obtained by further parsing from the detection information extension header. information, and determine how to perform flow detection based on the detection type and all flow detection information (detection information and additional detection information).
  • the detection node when there is a detection information extension header, the detection node only needs to find the detection indication tag and the detection extension header identifier, and obtain the corresponding information from the detection information tag and the detection information extension header respectively to implement flow-following detection. It is feasible, so the numbering and description order of some of the above steps do not limit the execution order.
  • the method in this embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: step S2051, forwarding the MPLS message.
  • the detection node in addition to performing flow detection, can also forward MPLS packets to subsequent nodes, that is, the detection node can be an intermediate forwarding node that only forwards MPLS packets.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: Step S2052: stripping the detection indication label and the detection information label from the MPLS message.
  • the detection node can also detect that the indication label and the detection information label are stripped from the MPLS packet, and then process the stripped MPLS packet (the in-flow detection is not the processing of the MPLS packet itself), that is, the detection node It can be the decapsulation node (or target node) that actually processes the MPLS packet.
  • the detection node only needs to carry out the above process of forwarding MPLS packets or stripping MPLS packets, as well as the process of flow detection as needed, and there is no necessary sequence relationship between the steps.
  • the detection indication tag may also include a boot tag and a length tag
  • the detection information tag may also include the third The first detection information label, the second detection information label, etc. will not be described in detail here.
  • the method includes the following steps A001 to A005.
  • the encapsulating node adds one or more types of flow-following detection information (i.e., detection information) to the MPLS label stack (i.e., label stack) of the MPLS message, using the boot label, length label, and information label (i.e., The information type (ie detection type) in the detection information tag) indicates the fixed length of the flow detection information in the information tag.
  • detection information i.e., detection information
  • the information type (ie detection type) in the detection information tag) indicates the fixed length of the flow detection information in the information tag.
  • the encapsulating node uses a bootstrap tag (including a bootstrap identification) to indicate the presence of in-flow detection information.
  • a length label (including the length identifier) is used to indicate the total length of the information label.
  • a type field (i.e. type identifier) is used to indicate the presence of a specific type of flow detection information. After the type field, fill in the fixed-length flow detection information of this type. If there are multiple type of flow detection information, then use another type field to indicate the existence of another type of flow detection information, and fill in the fixed length of flow detection information of that type, and so on.
  • step A002 after the intermediate forwarding node (i.e., a detection node) receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it parses out the information label through the information type in the guide label, length label and information label in the MPLS label stack. All types of fixed-length flow-following detection information are included to complete the flow-following detection.
  • the intermediate forwarding node i.e., a detection node
  • the intermediate forwarding node first finds the leading label and the length label that follows it by scanning the MPLS label stack, and then takes out one or more information labels following the length label; then, through each information label The type field determines the length of subsequent flow detection information, and each flow detection information is taken out to complete the corresponding flow detection. Afterwards, the intermediate forwarding node forwards the MPLS message (possibly to other intermediate forwarding nodes, or to a decapsulation node).
  • step A003 after the decapsulation node (ie, a detection node) receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it first completes the flow detection, and then completes the stripping of the boot label, length label and information label.
  • the decapsulation node ie, a detection node
  • the decapsulation node first takes out all the flow detection information and completes all the flow detection information in a manner similar to the intermediate forwarding node, and then determines the position and number of the information tags through the guidance label and the length label, and combines the guidance label, The length label and the information label are stripped from the MPLS packet together. Afterwards, the decapsulation node decapsulates the MPLS message and performs required processing on it.
  • a method for flow detection in Example 1 of the present disclosure may include the following steps A101 to A103.
  • step A101 the encapsulating node adds the flow detection information of the alternating coloring type to the MPLS label stack of the MPLS message, and uses the information type in the boot label, length label and information label to indicate the fixed-length alternating coloring type in the information label. flow detection information.
  • the MPLS packet contains the MPLS label stack and the MPLS payload.
  • the MPLS label stack consists of a set of 32-bit MPLS labels.
  • the information type and the following flow detection information of the alternating coloring type form an MPLS label (called an information label).
  • the information type with a length of 8 bits is used to indicate that the following is an alternating coloring type with a length of 23 bits.
  • Flow detection information, these 23 bits are composed of the first 15 bits and the last 8 bits (an S bit is inserted in the middle).
  • the two MPLS labels in front of the information label are the boot label and the length label.
  • the value 10 of the first 20 bits of the boot label is a special MPLS label value that indicates that it is followed by a length label and one or more information labels.
  • the length tag contains a length value that indicates the length of the message that follows it (in this example, the length value of the message is a message tag).
  • the boot label and length label are one or more MPLS forwarding labels; the three labels of the boot label, length label and information label are followed by an MPLS service label, which is used to identify the service type of the MPLS payload.
  • MPLS forwarding labels, boot labels, and MPLS service labels also include a 3-bit TC (Traffic Class) and an 8-bit TTL (Time To Live).
  • All labels in the MPLS label stack contain the stack bottom identification S bit. Only the S bit of the last MPLS service label is set to 1, indicating that the label is located at the bottom of the MPLS label stack. The S bits of all other MPLS labels are set to 0.
  • step A102 after the intermediate forwarding node receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it parses the fixed-length alternating coloring type in the information label through the information type in the guide label, length label and information label in the MPLS label stack.
  • the flow detection information is obtained to complete the flow detection of alternate dyeing.
  • the intermediate forwarding node first finds the boot label with a value of 10 by scanning the MPLS label stack, then determines the length of the flow detection information by using the length tag that follows the boot label, and then determines the length of the information tag that follows the length tag. field, determine that the flow-following detection information is the 23-bit alternating dyeing type flow-following detection information, and finally take out the 23-bit alternating dyeing type flow-following detection information in the information tag to complete the alternating dyeing flow-following detection.
  • step A103 after the decapsulation node receives the MPLS packet carrying the flow detection information, it first completes the alternate dyeing flow detection, and then completes the stripping of the boot label, length label and information label.
  • the decapsulation node first completes the alternately dyed in-flow detection in a manner similar to the intermediate forwarding node, and then determines the position and number of information labels through the guide label and length label, and extracts the guide label, length label and information label from the MPLS packet. Peel out.
  • a method for flow detection in Example 2 of the present disclosure may include the following steps A201 to A203.
  • step A201 the encapsulation node adds the fixed-length in-band operation management and maintenance type flow detection information to the MPLS label stack of the MPLS message, and uses the information type in the boot label, length label and information label to indicate the information label. Fixed-length in-band operation management and maintenance type flow detection information.
  • the MPLS packet contains the MPLS label stack and the MPLS payload.
  • the MPLS label stack consists of a set of 32-bit MPLS labels.
  • the information type and the on-stream detection information of the in-band operation management and maintenance type constitute two MPLS labels (called information labels).
  • the 8-bit information type in the first information label i.e., the first detection information label
  • 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type accompanying detection information ie, detection information. Since 40 bits exceeds the remaining space of the first information tag, there are only in-band operations in the first information tag.
  • the on-stream detection information of the management and maintenance type i.e., the first detection information
  • the second information label i.e., the second detection information label
  • Detection information ie, second detection information).
  • the two MPLS labels in front of the two information labels are the boot label and the length label.
  • the value 10 of the first 20 bits of the boot label is a special MPLS label value that indicates that it is followed by a length label and one or more information labels.
  • the length tag contains a length value that indicates the length of the message that follows it (the length value of the message in this example is two message tags).
  • the boot label and length label In front of the boot label and length label are one or more MPLS forwarding labels; the four labels of the boot label, length label and two information labels are followed by an MPLS service label, which is used to identify the service type of the MPLS payload. .
  • MPLS forwarding labels, boot labels, and MPLS service labels also contain a 3-bit TC and an 8-bit TTL.
  • All labels in the MPLS label stack contain the stack bottom identification S bit. Only the S bit of the last MPLS service label is set to 1, indicating that the label is located at the bottom of the MPLS label stack. The S bits of all other MPLS labels are set to 0.
  • step A202 after the intermediate forwarding node receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it parses out the fixed content of the two information labels through the boot label, the length label in the MPLS label stack and the information type in the first information label. The length of the in-band operation management and maintenance type of flow detection information is completed to complete the flow detection of in-band operation management and maintenance.
  • the intermediate forwarding node first finds the boot label with a value of 10 by scanning the MPLS label stack, then determines the length of the flow detection information by using the length tag that follows the boot label, and then determines the length of the information tag that follows the length tag. field, determines that the accompanying detection information is the 40-bit in-band operation, management and maintenance type accompanying detection information, which needs to be carried by two information tags. Finally, the 40-bit in-band operation, management and maintenance type of accompanying detection information is taken out from the two information tags. Detect information and complete in-band operation management and maintenance with flow detection.
  • step A203 after the decapsulation node receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it first completes the flow detection for in-band operation management and maintenance, and then completes the stripping of the boot label, length label and information label.
  • the decapsulation node first completes the in-band operation management and maintenance in-flow detection in a manner similar to the intermediate forwarding node, and then determines the location and number of information labels through the guide label and length label, and strips them out of the MPLS packet.
  • a method for flow detection in Example 3 of the present disclosure may include the following steps A301 to A303.
  • the encapsulation node adds the flow-following detection information of the alternating dyeing type and the fixed-length in-band operation management maintenance type to the MPLS label stack of the MPLS message, using the information types in the boot label, length label and information label, To indicate the fixed-length alternating coloring type and in-band operation management and maintenance type flow detection information in the information tag.
  • the MPLS packet contains the MPLS label stack and the MPLS payload.
  • the MPLS label stack consists of a set of 32-bit MPLS labels.
  • the information type and the following flow detection information of the alternating coloring type form an MPLS label (called an information label).
  • the information type with a length of 8 bits is used to indicate that the following is an alternating coloring type with a length of 23 bits.
  • Flow detection information, these 23 bits are composed of the first 15 bits and the last 8 bits (an S bit is inserted in the middle).
  • the flow detection information of the information type and the in-band operation management and maintenance type consists of two MPLS labels (called information labels): the first information label (the second information label in total) contains 8-bit information
  • the type is used to indicate that what follows is a 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type of in-stream detection information, and the 40-bit in-band operation, management and maintenance type of in-stream detection information is distributed among the first information.
  • tag and the second information tag (the third information tag in total), and there is no information type in the second information tag.
  • the two MPLS labels in front of the three information labels are the boot label and the length label.
  • the value 10 of the first 20 bits of the boot label is a special MPLS label value that indicates that it is followed by a length label and one or more information labels.
  • the length tag contains a length value that indicates the length of the message that follows it (the length value of the message in this example is three message tags).
  • the boot label and length label In front of the boot label and length label are one or more MPLS forwarding labels; the five labels of the boot label, length label and three information labels are followed by an MPLS service label, which is used to identify the service type of the MPLS payload. .
  • MPLS forwarding labels, boot labels, and MPLS service labels also contain a 3-bit TC and an 8-bit TTL.
  • All labels in the MPLS label stack contain the stack bottom identification S bit. Only the S bit of the last MPLS service label is set to 1, indicating that the label is located at the bottom of the MPLS label stack. The S bits of all other MPLS labels are set to 0.
  • step A302 after the intermediate forwarding node receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it carries the information type in the first information label and the information type in the second information label through the guide label in the MPLS label stack. Parse the fixed-length in-flow detection information of the alternating dyeing type and the in-band operation management and maintenance type in the three information tags, and complete the in-flow detection of the alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance types.
  • the intermediate forwarding node first finds the boot label with a value of 10 by scanning the MPLS label stack, then determines the total length of the information label through the length label immediately following the guide label, and then determines the total length of the information label through the first information label immediately following the length label.
  • the type field determines the first type of flow detection information as 23-bit alternating coloring type flow detection information (carried by an information tag), and then passes the type field in the information tag immediately following the first information tag.
  • determine that the second type of in-flow detection information is 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type in-flow detection information (carried by two information tags), and finally take out the 23-bit alternating coloring type in-flow detection information from the three information tags. Detection information and 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type in-flow detection information to complete alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance in-flow detection.
  • step A303 after the decapsulation node receives the MPLS packet carrying the flow detection information, it first completes the flow detection of alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance, and then completes the stripping of the boot label, length label and information label.
  • the decapsulation node first completes the in-flow detection of alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance in a manner similar to the intermediate forwarding node, and then determines the position and number of information tags through the guide tag and length tag, and combines the guide tag, length tag and information tag. It is also stripped out of the MPLS packet.
  • a method for flow detection in Example 4 of the present disclosure may include the following steps A401 to A403.
  • the encapsulation node adds the flow-following detection information of the alternating dyeing type and the fixed-length in-band operation management maintenance type to the MPLS label stack of the MPLS message, using the information types in the boot label, length label and information label, To indicate the fixed-length alternating dyeing type and in-band operation management and maintenance type in-flow detection information in the information label; and, the encapsulating node also adds the variable-length in-band operation, management and maintenance type in-flow detection information to the MPLS packet
  • the MPLS detection extension header use the MPLS detection extension header indication (i.e., detection extension header identifier) in the length tag to indicate the existence of the MPLS detection extension header (i.e., detection extension header).
  • MPLS packets contain three parts: MPLS label stack, MPLS extension header, and MPLS payload.
  • the MPLS label stack consists of a set of 32-bit MPLS labels.
  • the information type and the following flow detection information of the alternating coloring type form an MPLS label (called an information label).
  • the information type with a length of 8 bits is used to indicate that the following is an alternating coloring type with a length of 23 bits.
  • Flow detection information, these 23 bits are composed of the first 15 bits and the last 8 bits (an S bit is inserted in the middle).
  • the flow detection information of the information type and the in-band operation management and maintenance type consists of two MPLS labels (called information labels): the first information label (the second information label in total) contains 8-bit information
  • the type is used to indicate that what follows is a 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type of in-stream detection information, and the 40-bit in-band operation, management and maintenance type of in-stream detection information is distributed among the first information. tags and the Two information tags (the third information tag in total), and there is no information type in the second information tag.
  • the two MPLS labels in front of the three information labels are the boot label and the length label.
  • the value 10 of the first 20 bits of the boot label is a special MPLS label value that indicates that it is followed by a length label and one or more information labels.
  • the length label contains a length value and an MPLS detection extension header indication bit (i.e., the length label carries the MPLS detection extension header indication), which is used to indicate the length of the information that follows it (in this example, the length value of the information is three information labels), and to indicate the existence of an MPLS extension header, and that the MPLS extension header includes an MPLS detection extension header.
  • the boot label and length label In front of the boot label and length label are one or more MPLS forwarding labels; the five labels of the boot label, length label and three information labels are followed by an MPLS service label, which is used to identify the service type of the MPLS payload. .
  • MPLS forwarding labels, boot labels, and MPLS service labels also contain a 3-bit TC and an 8-bit TTL.
  • the MPLS extension header includes an MPLS detection extension header.
  • the MPLS detection extension header carries variable-length in-band operation management and maintenance type in-flow detection information.
  • MPLS extension header there may also be a header of the MPLS extension header at the front of the MPLS extension header part, and in addition to the above MPLS detection extension header, other MPLS extension headers may also be included.
  • step A402 after the intermediate forwarding node receives the MPLS message carrying the flow detection information, it uses the guide label in the MPLS label stack, the length label carrying the MPLS detection extension header indication, the information type in the first information label and the first information label.
  • the information types in the two information tags are parsed to determine the fixed-length alternating coloring types and sums in the three information tags.
  • the intermediate forwarding node first finds the boot label with a value of 10 by scanning the MPLS label stack, and then determines the total length of the information label in the MPLS label stack and the MPLS detection extension header by following the boot label and carrying the length label indicated by the MPLS detection extension header.
  • the first type of flow detection information is the 23-bit alternating coloring type of flow detection information (carried by an information tag)
  • the second type of in-stream detection information is the 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type of in-stream detection information (carried by two information tags)
  • extract the 23-bit alternating coloring type following detection information and the 40-bit in-band operation management and maintenance type following detection information from the three information labels and finally extract the variable-length in-band operation by parsing the MPLS extension header Manage the in-flow detection information of the maintenance type, and complete the in-flow detection of alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance.
  • step A403 after the decapsulation node receives the MPLS packet carrying the flow detection information, it first completes the flow detection of alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance, and then completes the boot label, length label, information label and MPLS extension header. Strip.
  • the decapsulation node first completes the in-flow detection of alternate dyeing and in-band operation management and maintenance in a manner similar to the intermediate forwarding node, and then determines the location and number of information labels through the guide label and the length label carrying the MPLS detection extension header indication, as well as the MPLS Detect the existence of the extension header, and then strip the boot label, length label, information label and MPLS extension header from the MPLS packet.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an encapsulation node for use in an MPLS network.
  • the encapsulation node includes one or more memories and one or more processors; the memory stores computers that can be executed by the processors. Program, when the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the flow detection methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a detection node for use in an MPLS network.
  • the detection node includes one or more memories and one or more processors; the memory stores a computer that can be executed by the processor. Program, when the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the flow detection methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, any method of flow detection according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.
  • the processor is a device with data processing capabilities, which includes but is not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), etc.;
  • the memory is a device with data storage capabilities, which includes but is not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically such as SDRAM). , DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH);
  • the I/O interface read-write interface
  • processors including but not limited to data bus (Bus), etc.
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may consist of several physical components. Components execute cooperatively.
  • Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as ASIC.
  • a processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as ASIC.
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media).
  • computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. removable, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media includes but is not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH) or other disk memory ; Compact Disk Read-Only (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage; Magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage; Any other storage device that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer medium. Additionally, it is known to those of ordinary skill in the art that communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media .
  • Example embodiments have been disclosed, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and should be interpreted in a general illustrative sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone, or may be used in conjunction with other embodiments, unless expressly stated otherwise. Features and/or components used in combination. Accordingly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种随流检测的方法，该方法用于MPLS网络的封装节点，其包括：将检测指示标签和检测信息标签封装在MPLS报文的标签栈中；其中，所述检测指示标签用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签；所述检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，所述检测信息的长度与所述检测类型对应。本公开还提供了一种用于MPLS网络的检测节点的随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质。

Description

随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年9月15日提交的中国专利申请No.202211123195.X的优先权，该中国专利申请的内容通过引用的方式整体合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信领域，特别涉及一种随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质。
背景技术
随流检测是数据通信网络的一种重要功能，即，业务报文直接携带随流检测信息，从而途经的各节点可直接根据随流检测信息进行检测，获取网络的时延、丢包、抖动等性能指标。随流检测功能可应用于第六版互联网协议(Internet Protocol Version 6，IPv6)网络和多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，MPLS)网络等多种数据通信网络中。
但是，针对MPLS网络，相关技术中向MPLS报文封装随流检测信息的方式不合理，导致途经的节点处理随流检测信息时无法采用统一的规则，增加了处理难度，降低了处理效率。
发明内容
本公开提供一种随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种随流检测的方法，用于MPLS网络的封装节点，所述方法包括：将检测指示标签和检测信息标签封装在MPLS报文的标签栈中；其中，所述检测指示标签用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签；所述检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，所述检测信息的长度与所述检测类型对应。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种随流检测的方法，用于MPLS网络的检测节点，所述方法包括：解析接收到的MPLS报文的标签栈；响应于所述标签栈包括检测指示标签，根据所述检测指示标签确定所述标签栈中的检测信息标签，其中，所述检测指示标签用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签，所述检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，所述检测信息的长度与所述检测类型对应；根据所述检测信息标签，确定需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息；以及，根据所述检测类型和所述检测信息，进行随流检测。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种封装节点，用于MPLS网络中，所述封装节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
第四方面，本公开实施例提供一种检测节点，用于MPLS网络中，所述检测节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
第五方面，本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
附图说明
在本公开实施例的附图中：
图1为根据本公开实施例的一种用于MPLS网络的封装节点的随流检测的方法的流程图；
图2为根据本公开实施例的另一种用于MPLS网络的封装节点的随流检测的方法的流程图；
图3为根据本公开实施例的一种用于MPLS网络的检测节点的随流检测的方法的流程图；
图4为根据本公开实施例的另一种用于MPLS网络的检测节点的随流检测的方法的流程图；
图5为根据本公开实施例的一种随流检测的方法的流程图；
图6为根据本公开实施例的一种用于MPLS网络的封装节点的装置组成框图；
图7为根据本公开实施例的一种用于MPLS网络的检测节点的装置组成框图；
图8为根据本公开实施例的一种计算机可读介质的组成框图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质进行详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述本公开，但是所示的实施例可以以不同形式来体现，且本公开不应当被解释为限于以下阐述的实施例。反之，提供这些实施例的目的在于使本公开透彻和完整，并将使本领域技术人员充分理解本公开的范围。
本公开实施例的附图用来提供对本公开实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与详细实施例一起用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的限制。通过参考附图对详细实施例进行描述，以上和其它特征和优点对本领域技术人员将变得更加显而易见。
本公开可借助本公开的理想示意图而参考平面图和/或截面图进行描述。因此，可根据制造技术和/或容限来修改示例图示。
在不冲突的情况下，本公开各实施例及实施例中的各特征可相互组合。
本公开所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施例，且不意欲限制本公开。如本公开所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。如本公开所使用的单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚指出。如本公开所使用的术语“包括”、“由……制成”，指定存在所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但不排除存在或添加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。
除非另外限定，否则本公开所用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解，诸如那些在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本公开的背景下的含义一致的含义，且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义，除非本公开明确如此限定。
本公开不限于附图中所示的实施例，而是包括基于制造工艺而形成的配置的修改。因此，附图中例示的区具有示意性属性，并且图中所示区的形状例示了元件的区的具体形状，但并不是旨在限制性的。
在一些相关技术中，常用的随流检测包括交替染色(Alternate Marking)类型和带内操作管理维护(In situ Operations,Administration,and Maintenance)类型，其中交替染色类型在国际标准组织IETF(互联网工程任务组)发布的标准RFC 8321中定义，而带内操作管理维护类型在IETF发布的标准RFC 9197和标准草案draft-ietf-ippm-ioam-direct-export-10中定义。
交替染色类型的随流检测所需的随流检测信息长度固定。例如，针对多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，MPLS)网络，IETF发布的标准草案draft-ietf-mpls-inband-pm-encapsulation-03规定了进行交替染色类型的随流检测的方式，并规定其随流检测信息的固定长度为23比特。
带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测所需的随流检测信息有多种数据选项，有的数据选项长度固定，有的数据选项长度可变。针对MPLS网络，IETF发布的标准草案draft-gandhi-mpls-ioam-05规定了进行带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测的方式。例如，IETF发布的标准草案draft-ietf-ippm-ioam-direct-export-10中定义了直接导出(Direct Export，DEX)数据选项的固定长度为40比特，包括16比特的命名空间标识(Namespace-ID)和24比特的带内操作管理维护跟踪类型(IOAM-Trace-Type)，该直接导出数据选项指示中间转发节点和解封装节点把本节点的检测(或称遥测，Telemetry)信息直接发送至遥测信息分析器，而其它数据选项则指示中间转发节点和解封装节点把本节点的检测信息添加到业务报文中，最后再由解封装节点统一发送至遥测信息分析器。
在一些相关技术中，针对MPLS网络，交替染色类型的随流检测信息被封装在MPLS报文的标签栈中，并使用引导标签(特殊取值的标签)指示交替染色类型的随流检测信息的存在；而带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息被置于标签栈后的扩展头中(该类型的随流检测信息的长度可能变化而不确定，故无法置于标签栈中)，使用另一个引导标签指示带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息的存在。
可见，根据以上随流检测信息在MPLS报文中的封装方式，MPLS网络的节点处理随流检测信息时无法采用统一的规则，增加了处理难度，降低了处理效率。
针对上述技术问题，第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种随流检测的方法，用于MPLS网络的封装节点。
本公开实施例的方法用于在MPLS网络中实现随流检测，由MPLS网络中用于封装并发送报文(业务报文)的封装节点进行。封装节点根据本公开实施例的方法将随流检测信息封装在报文中，以供后续接收到报文的检测节点(包括中间转发节点和解封装节点)根据其中的随流检测信息进行随流检测。
应当理解，本公开实施例中的封装节点和检测节点是以其在一次报文发送过程中的 角色界定的，而MPLS网络中的各节点可能同时具有扮演不同角色的能力，即每个节点都可能在不同的报文发送过程中分别作为封装节点和检测节点。
参照图1，本实施例的随流检测的方法包括：步骤S101、将检测指示标签和检测信息标签封装在MPLS报文的标签栈中。
其中，检测指示标签用于指示标签栈中的检测信息标签；检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，检测信息的长度与检测类型对应。
本公开实施例中，封装节点确定需要发送的MPLS报文(业务报文)的内容，并据此进行报文封装，得到MPLS报文，后续可相应发送MPLS报文。在封装过程中，封装节点还要在MPLS报文的标签栈(MPLS标签栈)中封装检测指示标签和检测信息标签。
其中，检测指示标签用于指示检测信息标签，即其可表明标签栈中“有”检测信息标签，并指明检测信息标签在标签栈中的具体位置。检测信息标签则用于指示要进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息。检测类型用于指明需要的是哪种类型的随流检测，例如，可选的检测类型包括以上交替染色类型、带内操作管理维护类型等。而检测信息则是随流检测的具体信息，即检测节点需要根据该检测信息的内容确定具体如何进行随流检测。
其中，对每种检测类型，其对应的检测信息具有固定的长度(当然，不同的检测类型的检测信息的具体长度值是不同的)。由此，检测节点可根据检测信息标签的检测类型，直接确定出检测信息标签中的检测信息。
应当理解，若要进行多种类型的随流检测，则标签栈中应当有多个检测信息标签，分别指示不同的检测类型和检测信息。
根据本公开实施例，在MPLS报文的标签栈中用检测指示标签标明其中有随流检测信息，而用检测信息标签标明具体的检测类型和检测信息，由此，各类型的随流检测信息均可统一封装在标签栈中，使MPLS网络节点可用统一规则对MPLS报文进行解析和处理，降低处理难度，提高效率；而且，检测指示标签的数量不会随着随流检测的类型的增加而增加，可节约稀缺的标签资源，降低标签栈深度；同时，由于检测信息的长度固定(当然对不同检测类型其具体长度值可能不同)，故可进一步简化对检测信息的提取、解析过程。
在一些实施方式中，检测指示标签和检测信息标签依次连续设置；检测指示标签包括引导标签和长度标签；其中，引导标签包括引导标识，引导标识用于指示标签栈中有检测信息标签；长度标签包括长度标识，长度标识用于指示标签栈中的检测信息标签的总长度。
在一些实施方式中，检测信息标签可紧跟检测指示标签在之后设置。
在一些实施方式中，检测指示标签包括两个标签，即引导标签和长度标签，例如是引导标签在前，长度标签紧跟在引导标签后。其中，引导标签中的引导标识用于表示标签栈中“有”检测信息标签，其形式是多样的，如引导标签可为一个特殊取值的MPLS标签，如取值为10(即引导标识＝10)。而长度标签的长度标识则用于指示标签栈中的检测信息标签的总长度，其形式是多样的，例如长度标识的值可为检测信息标签的“个数”或占据的“比特数”等。
由此，检测节点可根据MPLS报文的标签栈中是否有引导标签确定是否要进行随流检 测，当确定要进行随流检测时，进一步解析长度标签获取检测信息标签的长度，从而确定检测指示标签之后相应长度的内容为检测信息标签，并对这些检测信息标签进行解析，获取检测类型和检测信息，以进行随流检测。
在一些实施方式中，检测信息标签包括第一检测信息标签；第一检测信息标签包括类型标识和第一检测信息；其中，类型标识用于指示检测类型；第一检测信息的长度，与第一检测信息标签中的类型标识对应。
在一些实施方式中，检测信息标签的一种形式为第一检测信息标签，每个第一检测信息标签包括类型标识和第一检测信息。其中，类型标识用于确定要进行的随流检测的类型，其形式是多样的，如可为第一检测信息标签头部的类型字段，而类型字段的不同值对应不同的检测类型。第一检测信息则为进行以上类型的随流检测所需的具体信息；且由于检测信息的长度与检测类型对应，故第一检测信息标签中的第一检测信息的长度，也可根据其中的类型标识确定。例如，当类型标识表征随流检测为交替染色类型时，相应的第一检测信息的长度可为23比特；而当类型标识表征随流检测为带内操作管理维护类型时，相应的第一检测信息的长度可为40比特等。
在一些实施方式中，检测信息标签还包括与至少部分第一检测信息标签对应的第二检测信息标签；其中，第二检测信息标签位于其对应的第一检测信息标签之后；第二检测信息标签包括第二检测信息，第二检测信息的长度，与第二检测信息标签对应的第一检测信息标签中的类型标识对应。
在一些实施方式中，在一些情况下，检测信息的总长度可能超出了第一检测信息标签所允许的最大长度，为此，对这样的第一检测信息标签，可在其后设置第二检测信息标签，而第二检测信息标签没有“类型标识”，而是只有检测信息(第二检测信息)，当然，该第二检测信息的长度是与相应的第一检测信息标签中的类型标识对应的。由此，对一定类型的随流检测，其检测信息可由第一检测信息和第二检测信息共同代表；应当理解，第一检测信息和第二检测信息长度均与检测类型对应，但二者的具体长度值可以不同。
在一些实施方式中，检测指示标签还包括检测扩展头标识；其中，检测扩展头标识用于指示MPLS报文包括检测信息扩展头，检测信息扩展头包括附加检测信息；参照图2，本公开实施例的方法还包括：步骤S102、将检测信息扩展头加入MPLS报文的扩展头中。
一些类型的随流检测所需的信息可能包括长度可变的部分(如带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测的部分数据选项)，而这些部分无法加入标签栈中。
为此，可将以上长度可变的信息作为附加检测信息，并设置在检测信息扩展头中，再将检测信息扩展头加入位于标签栈后的扩展头中。相应的，在检测指示标签中，需要有检测扩展头标识，以指示MPLS报文中存在检测信息扩展头。
在一些实施方式中，检测指示标签和检测信息标签依次连续设置；检测指示标签包括引导标签和长度标签；其中，引导标签包括引导标识，引导标识用于指示标签栈中有检测信息标签；长度标签包括长度标识，长度标识用于指示标签栈中的检测信息标签的总长度；检测扩展头标识位于长度标签中。
应当理解，以上附加检测信息不是检测信息标签中的检测信息，而是位于扩展头中，故其长度不需要与检测类型对应，故附加检测信息的长度是可变的。
在一些实施方式中，以上检测扩展头标识可以位于长度标签中，即长度标签除了指示检测信息标签的总长度外，还可表明MPLS报文中具有检测信息扩展头。
应当理解，检测扩展头标识的具体形式不限于以上例子，只要根据检测指示标签能确定MPLS报文中是否存在检测信息扩展头即可。
应当理解，MPLS报文的扩展头除以上检测信息扩展头外，还可包括其它类型的扩展头，如表征其它信息的MPLS扩展头。
应当理解，标签栈中除以上检测指示标签和检测信息标签外，还可有其它类型的标签，如MPLS转发标签等。
应当理解，标签栈的标签中除以上各内容外，还可有其它的内容，例如，所有的标签中均可具有“S标识”，其值为1代表标签处于栈底，为0则代表标签不是处于栈底。
应当理解，MPLS报文中除以上标签栈、扩展头外，还可包括其它内容。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种随流检测的方法，用于MPLS网络的检测节点。
本公开实施例的方法用于在MPLS网络中实现随流检测，其具体由MPLS网络中的接收到报文(业务报文)的检测节点进行，即，检测节点根据本公开实施例的方法对接收到的报文(由封装节点封装并首次发送的报文)进行处理，以实现随流检测。
其中，检测节点可以继续将报文转发至其它节点，即可为中间转发节点；或者，检测节点也可以解封并最终处理报文，即可为解封装节点(也就是目标节点)。
应当理解，本公开实施例中的封装节点和检测节点是以其在一次报文发送过程中的角色界定的，而MPLS网络中的各节点可能同时具有扮演不同角色的能力，即每个节点都可能在不同的报文发送过程中分别作为封装节点和检测节点。
参照图3，本公开实施例的随流检测的方法包括步骤S201至S204。
在步骤S201、解析接收到的MPLS报文的标签栈。
在步骤S202、响应于标签栈包括检测指示标签，根据检测指示标签确定标签栈中的检测信息标签。
其中，检测指示标签用于指示标签栈中的检测信息标签；检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，检测信息的长度与检测类型对应。
在步骤S203、根据检测信息标签，确定需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息。
在步骤S204、根据检测类型和检测信息，进行随流检测。
在本实施例中，当检测节点接收到封装节点发送的MPLS报文时，解析其标签栈，若标签栈中包括以上检测指示标签，则表明需要进行随流检测，故检测节点进一步根据检测指示标签确定出标签栈中的检测信息标签，并对检测信息标签进行解析确定出随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，再根据检测类型和检测信息实际进行随流检测。
根据本公开实施例，各类型的随流检测信息均可统一封装在标签栈中，使MPLS网络节点可用统一规则对MPLS报文进行解析和处理，降低处理难度，提高效率；而且，检测指示标签的数量不会随着随流检测的类型的增加而增加，可节约稀缺的标签资源，降低标签栈深度；同时，由于检测信息的长度固定，故可进一步简化对检测信息的提取、解析过程。
在一些实施方式中，检测类型包括交替染色类型和/或带内操作管理维护类型。
在一些实施方式中，检测节点进行的随流检测的具体类型可包括交替染色类型、带 内操作管理维护类型等。
应当理解，若标签栈没有检测指示标签，则表示不需要进行随流检测，按常规方式处理MPLS报文即可。
在一些实施方式中，参照图4，本公开实施例的方法还包括：步骤S2021、响应于所述检测指示标签还包括检测扩展头标识，解析检测信息扩展头得到附加检测信息。
其中，检测扩展头标识用于指示MPLS报文包括检测信息扩展头，检测信息扩展头包括附加检测信息。
在一些实施方式中，根据检测类型和检测信息，进行随流检测(S204)包括：步骤S2041、根据检测类型、检测信息、附加检测信息，进行随流检测。
在一些实施方式中，当检测节点从检测指示标签中解析到检测扩展头标识时，则表明MPLS报文中还有以上检测信息扩展头，从而可进一步从检测信息扩展头中解析得到以上附加检测信息，并根据检测类型和所有的随流检测信息(检测信息和附加检测信息)，确定如何进行随流检测。
应当理解，当具有检测信息扩展头时，检测节点只要发现了检测指示标签和检测扩展头标识，并从检测信息标签和检测信息扩展头中分别获取了相应信息，以用于实现随流检测就是可行的，故以上部分步骤的编号和描述顺序，并非对其执行顺序的限定。
在一些实施方式中，参照图4，本公开实施例的方法还包括：步骤S2051、转发MPLS报文。
在一些实施方式中，除了进行随流检测，检测节点还可将MPLS报文转发至后续节点，即检测节点可为只中转MPLS报文的中间转发节点。
在一些实施方式中，参照图4，本公开实施例的方法还包括：步骤S2052、将检测指示标签和检测信息标签从MPLS报文中剥离。
在一些实施方式中，检测节点还可检测指示标签和检测信息标签从MPLS报文中剥离，再处理剥离后的MPLS报文(随流检测并非对MPLS报文本身的处理)，即，检测节点可为最终实际处理MPLS报文的解封装节点(或称目标节点)。
应当理解，检测节点只要根据需要进行了以上转发MPLS报文或对MPLS报文进行剥离的过程，以及随流检测的过程即可，其中的各步骤没有必然的先后顺序关系。
应当理解，本公开实施例的检测节点进行的具体工作，是与以上封装节点进行的封装过程对应的，如其中的检测指示标签也可包括引导标签和长度标签，而检测信息标签也可包括第一检测信息标签、第二检测信息标签等，在此不再详细描述。
以下对本公开实施例的一种随流检测的方法进行详细描述，参照图5，该方法包括以下步骤A001至A005。
在步骤A001、封装节点把一种或多种类型的随流检测信息(即检测信息)添加到MPLS报文的MPLS标签栈(即标签栈)中，使用引导标签、长度标签和信息标签(即检测信息标签)中的信息类型(即检测类型)来指示信息标签中固定长度的随流检测信息。
在一些实施方式中，封装节点使用一个引导标签(包括引导标识)指示随流检测信息的存在。在引导标签之后，使用一个长度标签(包括长度标识)指示信息标签的总长度。在长度标签之后，使用一个类型字段(即类型标识)指示一种具体类型的随流检测信息的存在。在类型字段之后，填入固定长度的该类型的随流检测信息。如果存在多种 类型的随流检测信息，那么之后再使用另一个类型字段指示另一种随流检测信息的存在，并填入固定长度的该类型随流检测信息，依此类推。针对有多种数据选项的随流检测信息(如带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息)，为达到使用固定长度的随流检测信息的目的，可从多种数据选项中选择最常用、最有价值的固定长度的数据选项，作为随流检测信息放置于MPLS标签栈中，以便于MPLS网络节点的解析和处理。之后，封装节点发送封装得到的MPLS报文。
在步骤A002、中间转发节点(即一种检测节点)接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，通过MPLS标签栈中的引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型，解析出信息标签中所有类型的固定长度的随流检测信息，完成随流检测。
在一些实施方式中，中间转发节点通过扫描MPLS标签栈，先找到引导标签和紧随其后的长度标签，然后取出紧跟着长度标签的一个或多个信息标签；之后，通过各信息标签中的类型字段确定其后随流检测信息的长度，取出每个随流检测信息，完成相应的随流检测。之后，中间转发节点转发MPLS报文(可能发给其它的中间转发节点，或者是发给解封装节点)。
在步骤A003、解封装节点(即一种检测节点)接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，先完成随流检测，再完成引导标签、长度标签和信息标签的剥离。
在一些实施方式中，解封装节点先以类似中间转发节点的方式取出所有随流检测信息并完成所有随流检测，再通过引导标签和长度标签确定信息标签的位置和个数，把引导标签、长度标签和信息标签一并从MPLS报文中剥离出去。之后，解封装节点解封装MPLS报文，并对其进行所需处理。
示例1
作为本公开实施例的一具体示例，本公开示例1的一种随流检测的方法可包括以下步骤A101至A103。
在步骤A101、封装节点把交替染色类型的随流检测信息添加到MPLS报文的MPLS标签栈中，使用引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型来指示信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型的随流检测信息。
在本示例中，如表1所示，MPLS报文包含MPLS标签栈和MPLS净荷两部分。
MPLS标签栈由一组长度32比特的MPLS标签构成。
其中，信息类型和交替染色类型的随流检测信息组成一个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)，其中，长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，这23比特由前15比特和后8比特组合而成(中间插入一个S比特)。
在信息标签前面的两个MPLS标签分别是引导标签和长度标签。
引导标签前20比特的取值10是一个特殊MPLS标签值，用于指示紧跟其后的是一个长度标签及一个或多个信息标签。长度标签包含一个长度值，用于指示紧跟其后的信息的长度(本示例中信息的长度值为一个信息标签)。
在引导标签和长度标签前面的是一个或多个MPLS转发标签；引导标签、长度标签和信息标签这三个标签的后面紧跟着一个MPLS业务标签，用于标识MPLS净荷的业务类型。
MPLS转发标签、引导标签和MPLS业务标签还均包含长度3比特的TC(Traffic Class，业务等级)和长度8比特的TTL(Time To Live，生存时间)。
MPLS标签栈中所有标签都包含栈底标识S比特，只有最后的MPLS业务标签的S比特置为1，指示该标签位于MPLS标签栈的栈底，所有其它MPLS标签的S比特都置为0。
表1、示例1中的MPLS报文格式
在步骤A102、中间转发节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，通过MPLS标签栈中的引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型，解析出信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色的随流检测。
中间转发节点先通过扫描MPLS标签栈找到取值10的引导标签，然后通过紧跟着引导标签的长度标签，确定随流检测信息的长度，再后通过紧跟着长度标签的信息标签中的类型字段，确定随流检测信息为23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，最后取出信息标签中的23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色的随流检测。
在步骤A103、解封装节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，先完成交替染色的随流检测，再完成引导标签、长度标签和信息标签的剥离。
解封装节点先以类似中间转发节点的方式完成交替染色的随流检测，再通过引导标签和长度标签确定信息标签的位置和个数，把引导标签、长度标签和信息标签一并从MPLS报文中剥离出去。
示例2
作为本公开实施例的一具体示例，本公开示例2的一种随流检测的方法可包括以下步骤A201至A203。
在步骤A201、封装节点把固定长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息添加到MPLS报文的MPLS标签栈中，使用引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型来指示信息标签中固定长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息。
在本示例中，如表2所示，MPLS报文包含MPLS标签栈和MPLS净荷两部分。
MPLS标签栈由一组长度32比特的MPLS标签构成。
其中，信息类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息组成两个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)，其中第一个信息标签(即第一检测信息标签)中长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息(即检测信息)。由于40比特超出了第一个信息标签剩余的空间，故第一个信息标签中后续只有带内操作 管理维护类型的随流检测信息的一部分(即第一检测信息)；而第二个信息标签(即第二检测信息标签)没有信息类型，而只有剩余部分的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息(即第二检测信息)。
在两个信息标签前面的两个MPLS标签分别是引导标签和长度标签。
引导标签前20比特的取值10是一个特殊MPLS标签值，用于指示紧跟其后的是一个长度标签及一个或多个信息标签。长度标签包含一个长度值，用于指示紧跟其后的信息的长度(本示例中信息的长度值为两个信息标签)。
在引导标签和长度标签前面的是一个或多个MPLS转发标签；引导标签、长度标签和两个信息标签这四个标签的后面紧跟着一个MPLS业务标签，用于标识MPLS净荷的业务类型。
MPLS转发标签、引导标签和MPLS业务标签还均包含长度3比特的TC和长度8比特的TTL。
MPLS标签栈中所有标签都包含栈底标识S比特，只有最后的MPLS业务标签的S比特置为1，指示该标签位于MPLS标签栈的栈底，所有其它MPLS标签的S比特都置为0。
表2、示例2中的MPLS报文格式
在步骤A202、中间转发节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，通过MPLS标签栈中的引导标签、长度标签和第一个信息标签中的信息类型，解析出两个信息标签中固定长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
中间转发节点先通过扫描MPLS标签栈找到取值10的引导标签，然后通过紧跟着引导标签的长度标签，确定随流检测信息的长度，再后通过紧跟着长度标签的信息标签中的类型字段，确定随流检测信息为40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，需两个信息标签携带，最后取出两个信息标签中的40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
在步骤A203、解封装节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，先完成带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再完成引导标签、长度标签和信息标签的剥离。
解封装节点先以类似中间转发节点的方式完成带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再通过引导标签和长度标签确定信息标签的位置和个数，一并从MPLS报文中剥离出去。
示例3
作为本公开实施例的一具体示例，本公开示例3的一种随流检测的方法可包括以下步骤A301至A303。
在步骤A301、封装节点把交替染色类型和固定长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息添加到MPLS报文的MPLS标签栈中，使用引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型，来指示信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息。
在本示例中，如表3所示，MPLS报文包含MPLS标签栈和MPLS净荷两部分。
MPLS标签栈由一组长度32比特的MPLS标签构成。
其中，信息类型和交替染色类型的随流检测信息组成一个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)，其中，长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，这23比特由前15比特和后8比特组合而成(中间插入一个S比特)。
其中，信息类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息组成两个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)：其中的第一个信息标签(总计的第二个信息标签)中长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，而该40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息分布在其中的第一个信息标签和其中的第二个信息标签(总计的第三个信息标签)中，且其中的第二个信息标签中没有信息类型。
在三个信息标签前面的两个MPLS标签分别是引导标签和长度标签。
引导标签前20比特的取值10是一个特殊MPLS标签值，用于指示紧跟其后的是一个长度标签及一个或多个信息标签。长度标签包含一个长度值，用于指示紧跟其后的信息的长度(本示例中信息的长度值为三个信息标签)。
在引导标签和长度标签前面的是一个或多个MPLS转发标签；引导标签、长度标签和三个信息标签这五个标签的后面紧跟着一个MPLS业务标签，用于标识MPLS净荷的业务类型。
MPLS转发标签、引导标签和MPLS业务标签还均包含长度3比特的TC和长度8比特的TTL。
MPLS标签栈中所有标签都包含栈底标识S比特，只有最后的MPLS业务标签的S比特置为1，指示该标签位于MPLS标签栈的栈底，所有其它MPLS标签的S比特都置为0。
表3、示例3中的MPLS报文格式

在步骤A302、中间转发节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，通过MPLS标签栈中的引导标签、携第一个信息标签中的信息类型和第二个信息标签中的信息类型，解析出三个信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
中间转发节点先通过扫描MPLS标签栈找到取值10的引导标签，然后通过紧跟着引导标签的长度标签，确定信息标签的总长度，再后通过紧跟着长度标签的第一个信息标签中的类型字段，确定第一类随流检测信息为23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息(由一个信息标签携带)，之后再通过紧跟着第一个信息标签的信息标签中的类型字段，确定第二类随流检测信息为40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息(由两个信息标签携带)，最后取出三个信息标签中的23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息和40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
在步骤A303、解封装节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，先完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再完成引导标签、长度标签和信息标签的剥离。
解封装节点先以类似中间转发节点的方式完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再通过引导标签和长度标签确定信息标签的位置和个数，把引导标签、长度标签和信息标签一并从MPLS报文中剥离出去。
示例4
作为本公开实施例的一具体示例，本公开示例4的一种随流检测的方法可包括以下步骤A401至A403。
在步骤A401、封装节点把交替染色类型和固定长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息添加到MPLS报文的MPLS标签栈中，使用引导标签、长度标签和信息标签中的信息类型，来指示信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息；并且，封装节点还把可变长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息添加到MPLS报文的MPLS扩展头中，使用长度标签中的MPLS检测扩展头指示(即检测扩展头标识)来指示MPLS检测扩展头(即检测扩展头)的存在。
如表4所示，MPLS报文包含MPLS标签栈、MPLS扩展头、MPLS净荷三个部分。
MPLS标签栈由一组长度32比特的MPLS标签构成。
其中，信息类型和交替染色类型的随流检测信息组成一个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)，其中，长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息，这23比特由前15比特和后8比特组合而成(中间插入一个S比特)。
其中，信息类型和带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息组成两个MPLS标签(称为信息标签)：其中的第一个信息标签(总计的第二个信息标签)中长度8比特的信息类型用于指示紧跟其后的是长度40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，而该40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息分布在其中的第一个信息标签和其中的第 二个信息标签(总计的第三个信息标签)中，且其中的第二个信息标签中没有信息类型。
在三个信息标签前面的两个MPLS标签分别是引导标签和长度标签。
引导标签前20比特的取值10是一个特殊MPLS标签值，用于指示紧跟其后的是一个长度标签及一个或多个信息标签。
而长度标签包含一个长度值和一个MPLS检测扩展头指示比特(即长度标签携带MPLS检测扩展头指示)，用于指示紧跟其后的信息的长度(本示例中信息的长度值为三个信息标签)，以及指示存在MPLS扩展头，且MPLS扩展头中包括MPLS检测扩展头。
在引导标签和长度标签前面的是一个或多个MPLS转发标签；引导标签、长度标签和三个信息标签这五个标签的后面紧跟着一个MPLS业务标签，用于标识MPLS净荷的业务类型。
MPLS转发标签、引导标签和MPLS业务标签还均包含长度3比特的TC和长度8比特的TTL。
而紧跟着MPLS标签栈的是MPLS扩展头部分，MPLS扩展头中包括MPLS检测扩展头，该MPLS检测扩展头携带可变长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息。
当然，在MPLS扩展头部分的最前还可有MPLS扩展头的头部，且除了以上MPLS检测扩展头，还可包括其它的MPLS扩展头。
表4、示例4中的MPLS报文格式
在步骤A402、中间转发节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，通过MPLS标签栈中的引导标签、携带MPLS检测扩展头指示的长度标签、第一个信息标签中的信息类型和第二个信息标签中的信息类型，解析出三个信息标签中固定长度的交替染色类型和 带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，以及MPLS检测扩展头中可变长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
中间转发节点先通过扫描MPLS标签栈找到取值10的引导标签，然后通过紧跟着引导标签的携带MPLS检测扩展头指示的长度标签，确定MPLS标签栈中信息标签的总长度及MPLS检测扩展头的存在，再后通过紧跟着长度标签的第一个信息标签中的类型字段，确定第一类随流检测信息为23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息(由一个信息标签携带)，之后再通过紧跟着第一个信息标签的信息标签中的类型字段，确定第二类随流检测信息为40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息(由两个信息标签携带)，随后取出三个信息标签中的23比特的交替染色类型的随流检测信息和40比特的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，最后通过解析MPLS扩展头取出可变长度的带内操作管理维护类型的随流检测信息，完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测。
在步骤A403、解封装节点接收到携带随流检测信息的MPLS报文后，先完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再完成引导标签、长度标签、信息标签和MPLS扩展头的剥离。
解封装节点先以类似中间转发节点的方式完成交替染色和带内操作管理维护的随流检测，再通过引导标签和携带MPLS检测扩展头指示的长度标签确定信息标签的位置和个数，以及MPLS检测扩展头的存在，之后把引导标签、长度标签、信息标签和MPLS扩展头一并从MPLS报文中剥离出去。
第三方面，参照图6，本公开实施例提供一种封装节点，用于MPLS网络中，封装节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
第四方面，参照图7，本公开实施例提供一种检测节点，用于MPLS网络中，检测节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
第五方面，参照图8，本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本公开实施例的任意一种随流检测的方法。
其中，处理器为具有数据处理能力的器件，其包括但不限于中央处理器(CPU)等；存储器为具有数据存储能力的器件，其包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)；I/O接口(读写接口)连接在处理器与存储器间，能实现存储器与处理器的信息交互，其包括但不限于数据总线(Bus)等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。
在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。
某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器(CPU)、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算 机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)或其它磁盘存储器；只读光盘(CD-ROM)、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其它光盘存储器；磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储器；可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其它的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其它传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其它数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
本公开已经公开了示例实施例，并且虽然采用了具体术语，但它们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义，并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实例中，对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，除非另外明确指出，否则可单独使用与特定实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元素，或可与其它实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。因此，本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离由所附的权利要求阐明的本公开的范围的情况下，可进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种随流检测的方法，用于多协议标签交换MPLS网络的封装节点，所述方法包括：
    将检测指示标签和检测信息标签封装在MPLS报文的标签栈中；
    其中，所述检测指示标签用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签；所述检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，所述检测信息的长度与所述检测类型对应。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测指示标签和所述检测信息标签依次连续设置；
    所述检测指示标签包括引导标签和长度标签；
    其中，所述引导标签包括引导标识，所述引导标识用于指示所述标签栈中有所述检测信息标签；所述长度标签包括长度标识，所述长度标识用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签的总长度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测信息标签包括第一检测信息标签；
    所述第一检测信息标签包括类型标识和第一检测信息；
    其中，所述类型标识用于指示所述检测类型；所述第一检测信息的长度，与所述第一检测信息标签中的类型标识对应。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测信息标签还包括与至少部分所述第一检测信息标签对应的第二检测信息标签；
    其中，所述第二检测信息标签位于其对应的所述第一检测信息标签之后；所述第二检测信息标签包括第二检测信息，所述第二检测信息的长度，与所述第二检测信息标签对应的所述第一检测信息标签中的类型标识对应。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测指示标签还包括检测扩展头标识；其中，所述检测扩展头标识用于指示所述MPLS报文包括检测信息扩展头，所述检测信息扩展头包括附加检测信息；
    所述方法还包括：将所述检测信息扩展头加入所述MPLS报文的扩展头中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测指示标签和所述检测信息标签依次连续设置；所述检测指示标签包括引导标签和长度标签；其中，所述引导标签包括引导标识，所述引导标识用于指示所述标签栈中有所述检测信息标签；所述长度标签包括长度标识，所述长度标识用于指示所述标 签栈中的所述检测信息标签的总长度；
    所述检测扩展头标识位于所述长度标签中。
  7. 一种随流检测的方法，用于MPLS网络的检测节点，所述方法包括：
    解析接收到的MPLS报文的标签栈；
    响应于所述标签栈包括检测指示标签，根据所述检测指示标签确定所述标签栈中的检测信息标签；其中，所述检测指示标签用于指示所述标签栈中的所述检测信息标签；所述检测信息标签用于指示需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息，所述检测信息的长度与所述检测类型对应；
    根据所述检测信息标签，确定需进行的随流检测的检测类型和检测信息；
    根据所述检测类型和所述检测信息，进行随流检测。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，还包括：
    响应于所述检测指示标签还包括检测扩展头标识，解析检测信息扩展头得到附加检测信息；其中，所述检测扩展头标识用于指示所述MPLS报文包括检测信息扩展头，所述检测信息扩展头包括附加检测信息；
    所述根据所述检测类型和所述检测信息，进行随流检测包括：根据所述检测类型、所述检测信息、所述附加检测信息，进行随流检测。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，还包括：
    转发所述MPLS报文。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
    将所述检测指示标签和所述检测信息标签从所述MPLS报文中剥离。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的方法，其中，
    所述检测类型包括交替染色类型和/或带内操作管理维护类型。
  12. 一种封装节点，用于MPLS网络中，所述封装节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的随流检测的方法。
  13. 一种检测节点，用于MPLS网络中，所述检测节点包括一个或多个存储器、一个或多个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求7至11中任意一项所述的随流检测的方法。
  14. 一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的随流检测的方法。
PCT/CN2023/116732 2022-09-15 2023-09-04 随流检测的方法、封装节点、检测节点、计算机可读介质 WO2024055858A1 (zh)

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