WO2024051625A1 - Procédé et appareil pour le positionnement - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le positionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024051625A1
WO2024051625A1 PCT/CN2023/116661 CN2023116661W WO2024051625A1 WO 2024051625 A1 WO2024051625 A1 WO 2024051625A1 CN 2023116661 W CN2023116661 W CN 2023116661W WO 2024051625 A1 WO2024051625 A1 WO 2024051625A1
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node
priority
priority group
communication
signal
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PCT/CN2023/116661
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘瑾
张晓博
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上海朗帛通信技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024051625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024051625A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Definitions

  • the present application relates to transmission methods and devices in wireless communication systems, and in particular to solutions and devices related to positioning in wireless communications.
  • Positioning is an important application in the field of wireless communications; the emergence of new applications such as V2X (Vehicle to everything) or the Industrial Internet of Things has put forward higher requirements for positioning accuracy or delay.
  • V2X Vehicle to everything
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • NR Rel-18 needs to support the enhanced positioning technology of Sidelink Positioning (SL Positioning).
  • the mainstream sidelink positioning technologies include SL RTT technology, SL AOA, and SL TDOA. and SL AOD, etc., and these technologies all need to rely on Anchor UE (Anchor User Equipment, anchor user equipment) to provide positioning support for Target UE (target user equipment).
  • Anchor UE sends and/or receives through the SL interface (SL interface) Positioning reference signals and providing positioning-related information.
  • SL interface SL interface
  • not all UEs have the SL positioning support function. Even among those UEs that have the SL positioning support function, not all UEs are suitable for providing SL positioning support.
  • For Target UE how to identify and determine Anchor UE from surrounding UEs is the first step to achieve SL positioning.
  • this application discloses a solution for determining Anchor UE.
  • the V2X scenario is only used as a typical application scenario or example; this application is also applicable to scenarios other than V2X that face similar problems, such as public safety (Public Safety) and industrial goods. Networking, etc., and achieve technical effects similar to those in NR V2X scenarios.
  • the motivation of this application is to target the scenario where the sender of the wireless signal used for positioning measurement is mobile, this application is still applicable to the scenario where the sender of the wireless signal used for positioning measurement is fixed, such as RSU (Road Side Unit, roadside unit), etc.
  • RSU Raad Side Unit, roadside unit
  • Using a unified solution for different scenarios also helps reduce hardware complexity and cost.
  • the embodiments and features in the embodiments in any node of this application can be applied to any other node.
  • the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
  • This application discloses a method used in a first node of wireless communication, which is characterized by including:
  • target priority group ordering (priority group order) is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to one of a plurality of priority groups.
  • Priority group; the target priority group ranking is used to indicate the priority of a communication node in any priority group of the plurality of priority groups being selected as the first anchor point; for the first Measurements of the signal are used to generate the first position information.
  • the problem to be solved by this application is: how Target UE identifies and determines Anchor UE from surrounding UEs to achieve SL positioning support.
  • the method of this application is: establishing a relationship between target priority ranking and the first anchor point.
  • the method of this application is to establish a relationship between the synchronization reference source and the target priority ranking.
  • the method of this application is to establish a relationship between the moving speed of the communication node and the target priority ranking.
  • the method of this application is to establish a relationship between channel quality and target priority ranking.
  • the method of this application is to establish a relationship between the area where the target node is located and the target priority ranking.
  • the method of this application is beneficial to flexibly selecting Anchor UE.
  • the method of the present application is beneficial to saving signaling overhead for interaction between user equipments.
  • the method of this application solves the problem of Anchor UE determination to achieve SL positioning.
  • the above method is characterized by comprising:
  • the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement on the first signal.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first location information includes a first transmission and reception time difference, and the first transmission and reception time difference is the difference between the reception timing of the first anchor point in the first time unit and the first time unit. The difference between the sending timing of an anchor point in the second time unit.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first priority group and the second priority group are respectively two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and the first priority group is Any communication node selected as the first anchor point has a higher priority than any communication node in the second priority group.
  • the above method is characterized in that any communication node in the first priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node; any communication node in the second priority group The synchronization reference source of the node is different from that of the first node.
  • the above method is characterized in that any communication node in the first priority group uses the first node as a synchronization reference source, or is the synchronization reference source of the first node. ; Any communication node in the second priority group is not the synchronization reference source of the first node, nor does it use the first node as the synchronization reference source.
  • any communication node in the first priority group is an RSU or a stationary UE; any communication node in the second priority group is a mobile UE .
  • the above method is characterized in that the channel quality from any communication node in the first priority group to the first node is greater than the first quality threshold; the channel quality in the second priority group The channel quality from any communication node to the first node is not greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the above method is characterized by comprising:
  • the senders of the plurality of first-type signaling are respectively the plurality of communication nodes;
  • the target node is any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes;
  • the plurality of first-type signaling respectively carry Multiple first-type zone identifiers (Zone ID);
  • the multiple first-type zone identifiers are used to identify multiple zones (Zone) where the multiple communication nodes are located; the zone where the target node is located
  • the relationship between the distance to the area where the first node is located and the first distance threshold is used to determine whether the target node belongs to the first priority group or the second priority group.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first node is user equipment (UE, User Equipment).
  • UE user equipment
  • the above method is characterized in that the first node is a relay node.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first node is an RSU.
  • This application discloses a method used in a second node of wireless communication, which is characterized by including:
  • the first message indicates that the second node is selected as the first anchor point
  • the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement for the first signal
  • the third The measurement of a signal is used to generate the first position information.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first location information includes a first transmission and reception time difference, and the first transmission and reception time difference is the difference between the reception timing of the first anchor point in the first time unit and the first time unit. The difference between the sending timing of an anchor point in the second time unit.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node is a communication node among a plurality of communication nodes; the target priority group ranking is used to determine the second communication node from the plurality of communication nodes.
  • the node is the first anchor point; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to a priority group among a plurality of priority groups; the target priority group ranking is used to indicate the plurality of priority groups.
  • a communication node in any priority group of the priority group is selected as the priority of the first anchor point.
  • the above method is characterized in that the first priority group and the second priority group are respectively two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and the first priority group is Any communication node selected as the first anchor point has a higher priority than any communication node in the second priority group.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node belongs to the first priority group, and the second node has the same synchronization reference source as the sender of the first message.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node belongs to the first priority group, the second node uses the sender of the first message as a synchronization reference source, or the second node The second node is the synchronization reference source of the sender of the first message.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node belongs to the first priority group, the second node is an RSU, or the second node is a stationary UE.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node belongs to the first priority group, and the channel quality from the second node to the sender of the first message is greater than a first quality threshold.
  • the above method is characterized by comprising:
  • the second node belongs to the first priority group;
  • the first type of signaling carries a first type area identifier, and the first type area identifier is used to identify the location where the second node is located. area, the distance between the area where the second node is located and the area where the sender of the first message is located is not greater than the first distance threshold.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node is user equipment.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node is a relay node.
  • the above method is characterized in that the second node is an RSU.
  • This application discloses a first node used for wireless communication, which is characterized by including:
  • the first processor determines the first anchor point
  • the first transmitter sends the first signal
  • the first receiver receives the first location information
  • the target priority group sorting is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to a priority group among a plurality of priority groups; the The target priority group ranking is used to indicate the priority of a communication node in any priority group of the plurality of priority groups being selected as the first anchor point; the measurement for the first signal is used to generate the first location information.
  • This application discloses a second node used for wireless communication, which is characterized in that it includes:
  • the second receiver receives the first message
  • the second receiver performs measurements on the first signal
  • the second transmitter sends the first location information
  • the first message indicates that the second node is selected as the first anchor point
  • the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement for the first signal
  • the third The measurement of a signal is used to generate the first position information.
  • Figure 1 shows a processing flow chart of a first node according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the wireless protocol architecture of the user plane and control plane according to one embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 shows a structural diagram of UE positioning according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 6 shows a wireless signal transmission flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of target priority group ordering and the relationship between multiple priority groups according to one embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the first priority group and the second priority group according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 shows a flowchart of determining a first anchor point according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a structural block diagram of a processing device used in a first node according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11 shows a structural block diagram of a processing device used in a second node according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiment 1 illustrates a processing flow chart of the first node according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1.
  • each box represents a step.
  • the first node in this application performs step 101 to determine the first anchor point; then performs step 102 to send the first signal; and finally performs step 103 to receive the first location information (Location Information); target priority Level group sorting is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; any one of the plurality of communication nodes belongs to one of a plurality of priority groups; the target priority Group ranking is used to indicate a priority for a communication node in any one of the plurality of priority groups to be selected as the first anchor; measurements for the first signal are used to generate the First location information.
  • target priority Level group sorting is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; any one of the plurality of communication nodes belongs to one of a plurality of priority groups; the target priority Group ranking is used to indicate a priority for a communication node in any one of the plurality of priority groups to be selected as the first anchor; measurements for the first signal are used to generate the First location information.
  • the plurality of communication nodes include at least one user equipment, at least one RSU, or at least one relay node.
  • the plurality of communication nodes include at least one user equipment and at least one RSU.
  • the plurality of communication nodes are respectively multiple user equipments.
  • At least one communication node among the plurality of communication nodes is user equipment.
  • At least one communication node among the plurality of communication nodes is an RSU.
  • At least one communication node among the plurality of communication nodes is a relay node.
  • the first anchor point is a communication node among the plurality of communication nodes.
  • the first anchor point includes a user equipment.
  • the first anchor point includes an RSU.
  • the first anchor point provides positioning services for the first node.
  • the first anchor point supports the positioning of the first node.
  • the first anchor point is the target recipient of the first message.
  • the first anchor point is the target recipient of the first signal.
  • the first anchor point is the sender of the first location information.
  • the first anchor point sends the first location information.
  • the first anchor point performs measurements on the first signal.
  • the first anchor point is a communication node among the plurality of communication nodes that supports positioning of the first node.
  • the first anchor point is a communication node among the plurality of communication nodes that supports secondary link positioning of the first node.
  • the first anchor point is a positioning transmission or reception reference signal (Reference Signal, RS).
  • Reference Signal Reference Signal
  • the first anchor point sends or receives a positioning reference signal (Positioning Reference Signal, PRS).
  • PRS Positioning Reference Signal
  • the first anchor point provides positioning-related information.
  • the first anchor point is positioned to send or receive RS on the secondary link.
  • the first anchor point sends or receives a Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal (SL PRS).
  • S PRS Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal
  • the first anchor point provides positioning-related information through a secondary link.
  • the first anchor point sends the first location information through a secondary link.
  • the first anchor point sends or receives RS through the PC5 interface for positioning.
  • the first anchor point sends or receives SL PRS through the PC5 interface.
  • the first anchor point provides positioning-related information through a secondary link.
  • the first signal is used for positioning.
  • the first signal is used for side link positioning (Sidelink Positioning).
  • the first signal is used for location related measurement.
  • the first signal is used for side link positioning measurement (Sidelink positioning measurement).
  • the first signal is used to determine propagation delay (Propagation Delay).
  • the first signal is used to determine RTT (Round Trip Time).
  • the first signal is used to obtain the first location information (Location Information).
  • the first signal is used to obtain reception timing (Rx Timing).
  • the first signal is used to obtain the reception timing of the first signal.
  • the first signal is used to obtain the reception timing of the first time unit.
  • the first signal is used to obtain the Rx-Tx Time Difference.
  • the first signal is used to obtain UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement).
  • the first signal is used to obtain the Sidelink Rx-Tx Time Difference.
  • the first signal is used to obtain AoA (Angle-of-Arrival).
  • the first signal is used to obtain RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power, reference signal received power).
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power, reference signal received power
  • the first signal is used to obtain RSRPP (Reference Signal Received Path Power, Reference Signal Received Path Power).
  • RSRPP Reference Signal Received Path Power, Reference Signal Received Path Power
  • the first signal is used to obtain RSTD (Reference Signal Time Difference, reference signal time power).
  • RSTD Reference Signal Time Difference, reference signal time power
  • the first signal is used to obtain RTOA (Relative Time of Arrival, relative time of arrival).
  • RTOA Relative Time of Arrival, relative time of arrival
  • the first signal is used to obtain SL-RTOA.
  • the first signal is used for RTT positioning.
  • the first signal is used for Single-sided RTT positioning.
  • the first signal is used for Double-sided RTT positioning.
  • the first signal is configured by an LMF (Location Management Function).
  • LMF Location Management Function
  • the first signal is configured by gNB (g-Node-B).
  • the first signal is configured by a UE (User Equipment).
  • UE User Equipment
  • the first signal includes SL-RS (Sidelink Reference Signal).
  • the first signal includes SL-PRS (Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal).
  • SL-PRS Segment Positioning Reference Signal
  • the first signal includes SRS (Sounding Reference Signal).
  • the first signal includes S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal, secondary link primary synchronization signal).
  • S-PSS Segmentlink Primary Synchronization Signal, secondary link primary synchronization signal
  • the first signal includes S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal).
  • the first signal includes PSBCH DMRS (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel Demodulation Reference Signal, Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel Demodulation Reference Signal).
  • PSBCH DMRS Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel Demodulation Reference Signal, Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel Demodulation Reference Signal.
  • the first signal includes SL CSI-RS (Sidelink Channel State Information-Reference Signal, Sidelink Channel State Information-Reference Signal).
  • SL CSI-RS Segment Channel State Information-Reference Signal, Sidelink Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • the first signal includes a first sequence.
  • a first sequence is used to generate the first signal.
  • the first sequence is a pseudo-random sequence (Pseudo-Random Sequence).
  • the first sequence is a Low-PAPR Sequence, Low-Peak to Average Power Ratio.
  • the first sequence is a Gold sequence.
  • the first sequence is an M sequence.
  • the first sequence is a ZC (Zadeoff-Chu) sequence.
  • the first sequence sequentially undergoes sequence generation (Sequence Generation), discrete Fourier Transform (Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT), modulation (Modulation) and resource element mapping (Resource Element Mapping), and the wideband symbol
  • sequence generation Sequence Generation
  • discrete Fourier Transform Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT
  • modulation Modulation
  • Resource element mapping Resource Element Mapping
  • the first sequence is sequentially subjected to sequence generation, resource unit mapping, and wideband symbol generation to obtain the first signal.
  • the resources occupied by the first signal include multiple REs.
  • the first sequence is mapped to the plurality of REs included in the resources occupied by the first signal.
  • the multiple REs included in the resources occupied by the first signal belong to a secondary link resource pool.
  • a secondary link resource pool includes resources occupied by the first signal.
  • a secondary link resource pool includes the multiple REs included in the resources occupied by the first signal.
  • the measurement of the first signal includes receiving timing measurement (Receiving Timing/Reception Timing/Received Timing/Rx Timing).
  • the measurement of the first signal includes a transmit-receive time difference measurement (Rx-Tx time difference measurement).
  • the measurement of the first signal includes UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement).
  • the measurement of the first signal includes SL transceiver time difference measurement (Sidelink Rx-Tx time difference measurement).
  • the measurement of the first signal includes positioning measurement (Positioning measurement).
  • the measurement quantity for the first signal includes a location related measurement.
  • the measurement of the first signal includes sidelink positioning measurement (Sidelink positioning measurement).
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the first position information.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the transmission and reception time difference.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the UE transmission and reception time difference measurement.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the secondary link transmission and reception time difference.
  • the measurement for the first signal is used to obtain the propagation delay.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the RTT.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to derive reception timing.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the reception timing of the first signal.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the reception timing of the first time unit.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the AoA.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain RSRP.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain RSRPP.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the RSTD.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the RTOA.
  • the measurement of the first signal is used to obtain the SL-RTOA.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes a propagation delay.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes RTT.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes a reception timing of the first signal.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes the reception timing of the first time unit.
  • the measurement result for the first signal is used to generate a transmission and reception time difference.
  • the measurement result for the first signal is used to generate the UE transmission and reception time difference.
  • the measurement result for the first signal is used to generate a secondary link transmission and reception time difference.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes AoA.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes RSRP.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes RSRPP.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes RSTD.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes RTOA.
  • the measured result for the first signal includes SL-RTOA.
  • the result of the measurement for the first signal is used to generate the first position information.
  • the measurement result of the first signal is reported to an LMF (Location Management Function).
  • LMF Location Management Function
  • the measurement result of the first signal is reported to the first node.
  • the measurement result of the first signal is reported to gNB.
  • the multi-carrier symbols are OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols.
  • the multi-carrier symbols are SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access, single-carrier frequency division multiple access) symbols.
  • the multi-carrier symbols are DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols.
  • DFT-S-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the multi-carrier symbols are IFDMA (Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols.
  • the first location information is reported to LMF (Location Management Function).
  • LMF Location Management Function
  • the first location information is reported to gNB.
  • the first location information is transmitted to the first node.
  • the first location information is reported to an LMF via the first node.
  • the first location information is used to determine RTT.
  • the first location information is used by the LMF to determine the RTT.
  • the first location information is used for positioning.
  • the first position information is used for position-related measurements.
  • the first location information is used for secondary link positioning.
  • the first location information is used to determine propagation delay.
  • the first location information is used by the LMF to determine propagation delay.
  • the first location information is used for RTT positioning.
  • the first position information is used for Single-sided RTT positioning.
  • the first position information is used for Double-sided RTT positioning.
  • the first location information is used for Multi-RTT (Multiple-Round Trip Time) positioning.
  • Multi-RTT Multiple-Round Trip Time
  • the first location information includes the reception timing of the first signal.
  • the first location information includes the reception timing of the first time unit.
  • the first location information includes the first sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first location information includes a sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first location information includes the UE sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first location information includes the SL sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first location information includes location related measurements.
  • the first location information includes a location estimate.
  • the first location information includes positioning assistance data (Assistance Data).
  • the first location information includes timing quality (TimingQuality).
  • the first location information includes a receive beam index (RxBeamIndex).
  • RxBeamIndex receive beam index
  • the first location information includes the RSRP of the first signal.
  • the first location information includes RSRPP (Reference Signal Received Path Power, Reference Signal Received Path Power) of the first signal.
  • the first location information includes RSRP result difference (RSRP-ResultDiff)
  • the first location information includes RxTxTimeDiff (reception and transmission time difference).
  • the first location information includes SL-RxTxTimeDiff (secondary link reception and transmission time difference).
  • the first location information includes RSTD (Reference Signal Time Difference, reference signal time power).
  • RSTD Reference Signal Time Difference, reference signal time power
  • the first location information includes RTOA (Relative Time of Arrival, relative time of arrival).
  • RTOA Relative Time of Arrival, relative time of arrival
  • the first location information includes SL-RTOA.
  • the first location information is used to transfer (Transfer) NAS (Non-Access-Stratum, non-access stratum) specific information.
  • Transfer Transfer
  • NAS Non-Access-Stratum, non-access stratum
  • the first location information is used to transfer timing information of a clock.
  • Embodiment 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the V2X communication architecture under 5G NR (New Radio), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, Long-Term Evolution) and LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system architecture.
  • the 5G NR or LTE network architecture can be called 5GS (5G System)/EPS (Evolved Packet System) or some other suitable term.
  • the V2X communication architecture of Embodiment 2 includes UE (User Equipment) 201, UE241, NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) 202, 5GC (5G Core Network, 5G Core Network)/EPC (Evolved Packet Core, Evolved Packet Core) 210, HSS (Home Subscriber Server, Home Subscriber Server)/UDM (Unified Data Management, Unified Data Management) 220, ProSe function 250 and ProSe application server 230.
  • the V2X communication architecture may interconnect with other access networks, but these entities/interfaces are not shown for simplicity.
  • NG-RAN includes NR Node B (gNB) 203 and other gNBs 204.
  • gNB 203 provides user and control plane protocol termination towards UE 201.
  • gNB 203 may connect to other gNBs 204 via the Xn interface (eg, backhaul).
  • gNB 203 may also be called a base station, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), transmitting and receiving node (TRP), or some other suitable terminology.
  • gNB203 provides UE201 with an access point to 5GC/EPC210.
  • UE 201 include cellular phones, smart phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radio, non-terrestrial base station communications, satellite mobile communications, global positioning systems, multimedia devices , video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, drones, aircraft, narrowband IoT devices, machine type communications devices, land vehicles, automobiles, wearable devices, or any Other similar functional devices.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • satellite radio non-terrestrial base station communications
  • satellite mobile communications global positioning systems
  • multimedia devices video devices
  • digital audio players e.g., MP3 players
  • cameras e.g., game consoles, drones, aircraft, narrowband IoT devices, machine type communications devices, land vehicles, automobiles, wearable devices, or any Other similar functional devices.
  • UE 201 may also refer to UE 201 as a mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, Mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client or some other suitable term.
  • gNB203 is connected to 5GC/EPC210 through the S1/NG interface.
  • 5GC/EPC210 includes MME (Mobility Management Entity, mobility management entity)/AMF (Authentication Management Field, authentication management domain)/SMF (Session Management Function, session management function) 211.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • AMF Authentication Management Field, authentication management domain
  • Session Management Function Session Management Function, session management function
  • MME/AMF/SMF214 S-GW (Service Gateway, service gateway)/UPF (UserPlaneFunction, user plane function) 212 and P-GW (Packet Date Network Gateway, packet data network gateway)/UPF213.
  • MME/AMF/SMF211 is the control node that handles signaling between UE201 and 5GC/EPC210. Basically, MME/AMF/SMF211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocol) packets are transmitted through S-GW/UPF212, and S-GW/UPF212 itself is connected to P-GW/UPF213. P-GW provides UE IP address allocation and other functions.
  • P-GW/UPF 213 is connected to Internet service 230.
  • the Internet service 230 includes the operator's corresponding Internet protocol service, which may specifically include the Internet, an intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem, IP Multimedia Subsystem), and packet switching streaming services.
  • the ProSe function 250 is a logical function for network-related behaviors required by ProSe (Proximity-based Service); including DPF (Direct Provisioning Function, Direct Provisioning Function), Direct Discovery Name Management Function (Direct Discovery Name Management Function), EPC-level Discovery ProSe Function (EPC-level Discovery ProSe Function), etc.
  • the ProSe application server 230 has functions such as storing EPC ProSe user IDs, mapping between application layer user IDs and EPC ProSe user IDs, and allocating ProSe restricted code suffix pools.
  • the UE201 and the UE241 are connected through a PC5 reference point.
  • the ProSe function 250 is connected to the UE201 and the UE241 through the PC3 reference point respectively.
  • the ProSe function 250 is connected to the ProSe application server 230 through the PC2 reference point.
  • the ProSe application server 230 is connected to the ProSe application of the UE201 and the ProSe application of the UE241 through the PC1 reference point respectively.
  • the first node in this application is the UE201, and the second node in this application is the UE241.
  • the first node in this application is the UE241
  • the second node in this application is the UE201.
  • the wireless link between the UE201 and the UE241 corresponds to a side link (Sidelink, SL) in this application.
  • the wireless link from the UE 201 to the NR Node B is an uplink.
  • the wireless link from the NR Node B to the UE 201 is the downlink.
  • the UE 201 supports SL transmission.
  • the UE241 supports SL transmission.
  • the gNB 203 is a macro cellular (MarcoCellular) base station.
  • the gNB 203 is a Micro Cell base station.
  • the gNB 203 is a PicoCell base station.
  • the gNB 203 is a home base station (Femtocell).
  • the gNB 203 is a base station device that supports a large delay difference.
  • the gNB 203 is an RSU (Road Side Unit).
  • the gNB 203 includes satellite equipment.
  • Embodiment 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture of a user plane and a control plane according to the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for a user plane 350 and a control plane 300.
  • Figure 3 shows with three layers a first node device (UE or RSU in V2X, a vehicle-mounted device or a vehicle-mounted communication module). ) and the second node device (gNB, UE or RSU in V2X, vehicle-mounted device or vehicle-mounted communication module), or the radio protocol architecture of the control plane 300 between the two UEs: Layer 1, Layer 2 and Layer 3.
  • Layer 1 (L1 layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (physical layer) signal processing functions.
  • L1 layer will be called PHY301 in this article.
  • Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 is above the PHY 301 and is responsible for the link between the first node device and the second node device and the two UEs through the PHY 301.
  • L2 layer 305 includes MAC (Medium Access Control, media access control) sublayer 302, RLC (Radio Link Control, wireless link layer control protocol) sublayer 303 and PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol, packet data convergence protocol) sublayer 304, these sub-layers terminate at the second node device.
  • the PDCP sublayer 304 provides data encryption and integrity protection, and the PDCP sublayer 304 also provides hand-off support for the first node device to the second node device.
  • the RLC sublayer 303 provides segmentation and reassembly of data packets, and realizes retransmission of lost data packets through ARQ.
  • the RLC sublayer 303 also provides duplicate data packet detection and protocol error detection.
  • the MAC sublayer 302 provides mapping between logical and transport channels and multiplexing of logical channels.
  • the MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating various radio resources (eg, resource blocks) in a cell among first node devices.
  • MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations.
  • the RRC (Radio Resource Control, radio resource control) sublayer 306 in layer 3 (L3 layer) in the control plane 300 is responsible for obtaining radio resources (ie, radio bearers) and using the link between the second node device and the first node device.
  • the radio protocol architecture of the user plane 350 includes layer 1 (L1 layer) and layer 2 (L2 layer). Radio protocol architecture for the first node device and the second node device in the user plane 350.
  • L1 layer layer 1
  • L2 layer layer 2
  • Radio protocol architecture for the first node device and the second node device in the user plane 350 For the physical layer 351, the L2 layer 355
  • the PDCP sublayer 354 in the L2 layer 355, the RLC sublayer 353 in the L2 layer 355, and the MAC sublayer 352 in the L2 layer 355 are generally the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in the control plane 300, but the PDCP sublayer 354 also provides Header compression of upper layer data packets to reduce wireless transmission overhead.
  • the L2 layer 355 in the user plane 350 also includes an SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol, Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356.
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • the SDAP sublayer 356 is responsible for the mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers (DRB, Data Radio Bearer). , to support business diversity.
  • the first node device may have several upper layers above the L2 layer 355, including a network layer (eg, IP layer) terminating at the P-GW on the network side. and the application layer terminating at the other end of the connection (e.g., remote UE, server, etc.).
  • the wireless protocol architecture in Figure 3 is applicable to the first node in this application.
  • the wireless protocol architecture in Figure 3 is applicable to the second node in this application.
  • the first message in this application is generated by the PHY301.
  • the first message in this application is generated in the MAC sublayer 302.
  • the first message in this application is generated in the RRC sublayer 306.
  • the first signal in this application is generated by the PHY301.
  • the measurement of the first signal in this application is performed by the PHY301.
  • the first location information in this application is generated in the RRC sublayer 306.
  • Embodiment 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to the present application, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a first communication device 410 and a second communication device 450 communicating with each other in the access network.
  • the first communication device 410 includes a controller/processor 475, a memory 476, a receive processor 470, a transmit processor 416, a multi-antenna receive processor 472, a multi-antenna transmit processor 471, a transmitter/receiver 418 and an antenna 420.
  • the second communication device 450 includes a controller/processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmit processor 468, a receive processor 456, a multi-antenna transmit processor 457, a multi-antenna receive processor 458, a transmitter/receiver 454 and antenna 452.
  • Controller/processor 475 implements the functionality of the L2 layer.
  • the controller/processor 475 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels Multiplexing, and radio resource allocation to the second communication device 450 based on various priority metrics.
  • the controller/processor 475 is also responsible for retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the second communications device 450 .
  • Transmit processor 416 and multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (ie, physical layer).
  • the transmit processor 416 implements encoding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communications device 450, as well as based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift Mapping of signal clusters for M-phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)).
  • FEC forward error correction
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift Mapping of signal clusters for M-phase shift keying
  • M-PSK M-phase shift keying
  • M-QAM M-quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding on the coded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing to generate one or more spatial streams. Transmit processor 416 then maps each spatial stream to a subcarrier, multiplexes it with a reference signal (eg, a pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then uses an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate A physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain multi-carrier symbols. Then the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs transmit analog precoding/beamforming operations on the time domain multi-carrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 into a radio frequency stream, which is then provided to a different antenna 420.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • each receiver 454 receives the signal via its respective antenna 452 at the second communications device 450 .
  • Each receiver 454 recovers the information modulated onto the radio frequency carrier and converts the radio frequency stream into a baseband multi-carrier symbol stream that is provided to a receive processor 456 .
  • the receive processor 456 and the multi-antenna receive processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the L1 layer.
  • Multi-antenna receive processor 458 performs receive analog precoding/beamforming operations on the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream from receiver 454.
  • the receive processor 456 converts the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream after the received analog precoding/beamforming operation from the time domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiving processor 456, where the reference signal will be used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered after multi-antenna detection in the multi-antenna receiving processor 458.
  • the second communication device 450 is any spatial stream that is the destination. The symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receive processor 456, and soft decisions are generated.
  • the receive processor 456 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover upper layer data and control signals transmitted by the first communications device 410 on the physical channel.
  • Controller/processor 459 implements the functions of the L2 layer. Controller/processor 459 may be associated with memory 460 which stores program code and data. Memory 460 may be referred to as computer-readable media.
  • the controller/processor 459 In transmission from the first communication device 410 to the second communication device 450, the controller/processor 459 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression , control signal processing to recover upper layer packets from the core network. The upper layer packets are then provided to all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Various control signals may also be provided to L3 for L3 processing.
  • a data In transmission from the second communication device 450 to the first communication device 410, at the second communication device 450, a data is used
  • the upper layer data packets are provided to the controller/processor 459 based on the source 467.
  • Data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer.
  • the controller/processor 459 implements headers based on radio resource allocation Compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels, implement L2 layer functions for the user plane and control plane.
  • the controller/processor 459 is also responsible for retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the first communications device 410 .
  • the transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, and the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beam forming processing, and then transmits
  • the processor 468 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier/single-carrier symbol stream, which undergoes analog precoding/beamforming operations in the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 and then is provided to different antennas 452 via the transmitter 454.
  • Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmission processor 457 into a radio frequency symbol stream, and then provides it to the antenna 452.
  • the functionality at the first communication device 410 is similar to that in the transmission from the first communication device 410 to the second communication device 450.
  • the reception function at the second communication device 450 is described in the transmission.
  • Each receiver 418 receives radio frequency signals through its corresponding antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals, and provides the baseband signals to multi-antenna receive processor 472 and receive processor 470.
  • the receiving processor 470 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 jointly implement the functions of the L1 layer.
  • Controller/processor 475 implements L2 layer functions. Controller/processor 475 may be associated with memory 476 that stores program code and data. Memory 476 may be referred to as computer-readable media.
  • the controller/processor 475 In transmission from the second communications device 450 to the first communications device 410, the controller/processor 475 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression , control signal processing to recover upper layer data packets from UE450. Upper layer packets from controller/processor 475 may be provided to the core network.
  • the second communication device 450 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory includes computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to interact with the At least one processor is used together.
  • the second communication device 450 is configured to at least: determine a first anchor point; send a first signal; receive first location information; and a target priority group order is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes.
  • Communication nodes in a priority group are selected as priorities for the first anchor point; measurements of the first signal are used to generate the first location information.
  • the second communication device 450 includes: a memory that stores a program of computer-readable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, generates actions, and the actions include: determining the first An anchor point; sending a first signal; receiving first location information; target priority group ordering (priority group order) is used to determine the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; among the plurality of communication nodes Any communication node belongs to a priority group among a plurality of priority groups; the target priority group ranking is used to indicate that a communication node in any priority group of the plurality of priority groups is selected as the Priority of the first anchor point; measurements for the first signal are used to generate the first location information.
  • target priority group ordering priority group order
  • the first communication device 410 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory includes computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to interact with the At least one processor is used together.
  • the first communication device 410 at least: receives a first message; performs measurement on the first signal; sends first location information; the first message indicates that the second node is selected as the first anchor point, and the The first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurements on the first signal, and the measurements on the first signal are used to generate the first location information.
  • the first communication device 410 includes: a memory that stores a program of computer-readable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, generates actions, and the actions include: receiving a first a message; perform measurement for the first signal; send first location information; the first message indicates that the second node is selected as the first anchor point, and the first message is used to trigger the first anchor The point performs measurements on the first signal, and the measurements on the first signal are used to generate the first position information.
  • the second communication device 450 corresponds to the first node in this application.
  • the first communication device 410 corresponds to the second node in this application.
  • the second communication device 450 is a UE.
  • the first communication device 410 is a UE.
  • the antenna 452 the transmitter 454, the multi-antenna transmit processor 457, the transmit processor 468, the controller/processor 459, the memory 460, the data At least one of the sources 467 ⁇ is used in this application to send the first message.
  • the antenna 452 the transmitter 454, the multi-antenna transmit processor 457, the transmit processor 468, the controller/processor 459, the memory 460, the data At least one of the sources 467 ⁇ is used in this application to transmit the first signal.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the receiving processor 456, the controller/processor 459, and the memory 460 ⁇ One is used in this application to receive the first location information.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the receiving processor 456, the controller/processor 459, and the memory 460 ⁇ One is used in this application to receive multiple first type signaling.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the multi-antenna receiving processor 472, the receiving processor 470, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476 ⁇ One is used in this application to receive the first message.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the multi-antenna receiving processor 472, the receiving processor 470, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476 ⁇ One is used in this application to receive the first signal.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the multi-antenna transmit processor 471, the transmit processor 416, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476 ⁇ One is used in this application to send the first location information.
  • At least one of ⁇ the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the multi-antenna transmit processor 471, the transmit processor 416, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476 ⁇ One is used in this application to send a first type of signaling.
  • Embodiment 5 illustrates a structural diagram of UE positioning according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 5.
  • UE501 communicates with UE502 through the PC5 interface;
  • UE502 communicates with ng-eNB503 or gNB504 through the LTE (Long Term Evolution, Long Term Evolution)-Uu interface or NR (New Radio)-Uu new wireless interface;
  • ng-eNB503 and gNB 504 are sometimes called As base stations, ng-eNB503 and gNB 504 are also called NG (Next Generation, next generation)-RAN (Radio Access Network, wireless access network).
  • NG Next Generation, next generation
  • radio Access Network wireless access network
  • ng-eNB503 and gNB 504 are connected to AMF (Authentication Management Field, authentication management field) 505 through NG (Next Generation)-C (Control plane) respectively;
  • AMF505 is connected to LMF (Location Management Function) through NL1 interface , location management function) 506 connection.
  • the AMF505 receives a location service request associated with a specific UE from another entity, such as a GMLC (Gateway Mobile Location Center) or a UE, or the AMF505 itself decides to activate location services associated with a specific UE.
  • GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center
  • UE User Equipment
  • the AMF 505 sends the location service request to an LMF, such as the LMF 506; the LMF then processes the location service request, including sending assistance data to the specific UE to assist UE-based or UE-assisted (UE-assisted) positioning, and includes receiving location information (Location information) reported from the UE; then the LMF returns the location service result to the AMF 505; if the location service is requested by another entity, the AMF 505 returns the results of the location service to that entity.
  • LMF location service request to an LMF, such as the LMF 506
  • the LMF processes the location service request, including sending assistance data to the specific UE to assist UE-based or UE-assisted (UE-assisted) positioning, and includes receiving location information (Location information) reported from the UE; then the LMF returns the location service result to the AMF 505; if the location service is requested by another entity, the AMF 505 returns the results of the location service to that entity.
  • the network device of the present application includes an LMF.
  • the network equipment of this application includes NG-RAN and LMF.
  • the network equipment of this application includes NG-RAN, AMF and LMF.
  • Embodiment 6 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the first node U1 and the second node U2 communicate through the air interface.
  • the first anchor point is determined in step S11; the first message is sent in step S12; the first signal is sent in step S13; and the first location information is received in step S14.
  • the first message is received in step S21; the measurement of the first signal is performed in step S22; and the first location information is sent in step S23.
  • the second node U2 is one communication node among multiple communication nodes; the target priority group ranking is used by the first node U1 to determine the second communication node from the multiple communication nodes.
  • Node U2 is the first anchor point; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to a priority group among a plurality of priority groups; the target priority group ranking is used to indicate the plurality of priority groups.
  • the communication node in any priority group of the priority group is selected by the first node U1 as the priority of the first anchor point; the first priority group and the second priority group They are two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and the priority of any communication node in the first priority group selected as the first anchor point is higher than the second priority.
  • Any communication node in the group; the first message is used by the first node U1 to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement for the first signal; the measurement for the first signal is
  • the second node U2 is used to generate the first location information.
  • the first location information includes a first transmission and reception time difference.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is the difference between the reception timing of the first anchor point in the first time unit and the reception timing of the first anchor point in the second time unit. The difference between the sending timing.
  • the first anchor point includes the second node U2.
  • the second node U2 is the first anchor point.
  • the second node U2 is selected as the first anchor point.
  • the second node U2 is selected as the first anchor point by the first node U1.
  • any communication node in the first priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node U1; any communication node in the second priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node U1.
  • the synchronization reference sources of U1 are different; the second node U2 belongs to the first priority group, and the synchronization reference sources of the second node U2 and the first node U1 are the same.
  • any communication node in the first priority group uses the first node U1 as a synchronization reference source, or any communication node in the first priority group is the first node U1.
  • the synchronization reference source of a node U1; any communication node in the second priority group is not the synchronization reference source of the first node U1, nor does the first node U1 serve as the synchronization reference source;
  • the third The second node U2 belongs to the first priority group, and the second node U2 uses the first node U1 as a synchronization reference source, or the second node U2 is the synchronization reference source of the first node U1 .
  • any communication node in the first priority group is an RSU, or a stationary UE; any communication node in the second priority group is a mobile UE; and the second node U2 belongs to In the first priority group, the second node U2 is an RSU, or the second node U2 is a stationary UE.
  • the channel quality from any communication node in the first priority group to the first node U1 is greater than the first quality threshold; the channel quality from any communication node in the second priority group to the The channel quality of the first node U1 is not greater than the first quality threshold; the second node U2 belongs to the first priority group, and the channel quality from the second node U2 to the first node U1 is greater than the First quality threshold.
  • communication between the second node U2 and the second node U2 is through the PC5 interface.
  • the second node U2 sends the first location information to the first node U1.
  • the second node U2 sends the first location information to the first node U1, and the first node U1 reports the first location information to the LMF.
  • the second node U2 sends the first location information to the first node U1, and the first node U1 reports the first location information to the base station.
  • the second node U2 sends the first location information to the first node U1, and the first node U1 reports the first location information to the RSU.
  • the second node U2 reports the first location information to the LMF.
  • the second node U2 reports the first location information to the base station.
  • the second node U2 reports the first location information to the RSU.
  • the first message is used to indicate the first anchor point.
  • the first message is used to indicate the first anchor point selected by the first node U1.
  • the first message is used to indicate the first anchor point determined by the first node U1.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the target recipient of the first message is selected as the first anchor point.
  • the target recipient of the first message is the first anchor point.
  • the second node U2 is the target recipient of the first message.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the second node U2 is selected as the first anchor point.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the second node U2 is determined as the first anchor point.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the second node U2 is selected as the first anchor point by the first node U1.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the second node U2 is determined as the first anchor by the first node U1 point.
  • the first message includes a destination identifier, and the destination identifier is used to identify the first anchor point.
  • the first message includes a destination identifier, and the destination identifier is used to identify the second node U2.
  • the first message includes a destination identifier, and the destination identifier is the same as the identifier of the second node U2.
  • a destination identifier is used in the scrambling sequence of the first message, and the destination identifier is used to identify the first anchor point.
  • the destination identifier is used in the scrambling sequence of the first message, and the destination identifier is used to identify the second node U2.
  • a destination identifier is used in the scrambling sequence of the first message, and the destination identifier is the same as the identifier of the second node U2.
  • the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement on the first signal.
  • the first message is used to request the first anchor point to provide the first location information.
  • the first message is used for a positioning request (Positioning Request).
  • the first message is used for a secondary link positioning request (SL Positioning Request).
  • the first message includes a positioning request.
  • the first message includes a secondary link positioning request.
  • the first message indicates the first signal.
  • the first message indicates resources occupied by the first signal.
  • the first message includes configuration information of the first signal.
  • the first message is used to configure the sending of the first location information.
  • the first message is used to configure the reporting of the first location information.
  • the first message is used to trigger the sending of the first location information.
  • the first message is used to trigger reporting of the first location information.
  • the first message includes all or part of a higher layer signaling.
  • the first message includes one or more RRC IEs (Radio Resource Control Information Elements, Radio Resource Control Information Elements).
  • RRC IEs Radio Resource Control Information Elements, Radio Resource Control Information Elements.
  • the first message includes one or more MAC CEs (Multimedia Access Control Control Elements, Multimedia Access Control Elements).
  • MAC CEs Multimedia Access Control Control Elements, Multimedia Access Control Elements.
  • the first message includes one or more PHY (Physical Layer) layer signaling.
  • PHY Physical Layer
  • the first message includes a SCI (Sidelink Control Information).
  • SCI Servicelink Control Information
  • the first message includes a SL MAC CE.
  • the first message includes a SCI and a SL MAC CE.
  • the first message includes a first bit block, and the first bit block includes a plurality of bits.
  • the first message includes an SCI and the first bit block.
  • the first bit block is used to generate the SL MAC CE.
  • the first message is carried on PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel).
  • PSCCH Physical Sidelink Control Channel
  • the first message is carried on PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel, Physical Sidelink Shared Channel).
  • PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel, Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
  • the first message is carried on PSCCH and PSSCH.
  • the time-frequency resources occupied by the first message belong to a resource pool (Resource Pool).
  • the time domain resources occupied by the first message belong to an SL (Sidelink, secondary link) resource pool.
  • the resources occupied by the first signal and the time-frequency resources occupied by the first message belong to two different SL resource pools.
  • the resources occupied by the first signal and the time-frequency resources occupied by the first message belong to the same SL resource pool.
  • the first location information includes the first sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is used to generate the first location information.
  • the first sending and receiving time difference is the time difference between the receiving timing of the first time unit and the sending timing of the second time unit.
  • both the receiving timing of the first time unit and the sending timing of the second time unit are jointly used to determine the first sending and receiving time difference.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is the sum of the linear addition of the reception timing of the first time unit and the transmission timing of the second time unit.
  • the resolution of the first sending and receiving time difference is Ts, where Ts is 1/(15000 ⁇ 2048) seconds.
  • the resolution of the first sending and receiving time difference is a positive integer multiple of Ts, where Ts is 1/(15000 ⁇ 2048) seconds.
  • the first sending and receiving time difference is not greater than 1 ms.
  • the first sending and receiving time difference is not greater than one CP (cyclic prefix).
  • the first sending and receiving time difference is used to calculate the transmission delay.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is used for RTT positioning.
  • the first time unit includes time domain resources occupied by the first signal.
  • the time-frequency resource occupied by the first signal belongs to the first time unit in the time domain.
  • the reception timing of the first time unit is the timing of the first path detected by the first anchor point in the time domain in the first time unit.
  • the reception timing of the first time unit is the start of the first time unit of the first arrival path (the first arrival path) from the first node.
  • the reception timing of the first time unit is the first time unit of the first arrival path from the first node detected by the first anchor point the start of.
  • the first time unit is a subframe (Subframe).
  • the first time unit is a sidelink subframe (Sidelink Subframe).
  • the first time unit is an uplink subframe (Uplink Subframe).
  • the first time unit is a subframe
  • the subframe includes at least one uplink symbol (Uplink Symbol).
  • the uplink symbols are multi-carrier symbols.
  • the first time unit is a subframe, and the subframe is used for SL transmission.
  • the first time unit is a time slot (Slot).
  • the first time unit is a Sidelink Slot.
  • the first time unit is an uplink time slot (Uplink Slot).
  • the first time unit is a time slot, and the time slot includes at least one uplink symbol.
  • the first time unit is a time slot, and the time slot is used for SL transmission.
  • the second time unit is adjacent to the first time unit in the time domain.
  • the second time unit is closest to the first time unit in the time domain.
  • the first time unit and the second time unit are respectively two first-type time units among a plurality of first-type time units, and the second time unit is one of the plurality of first-type time units.
  • a first type time unit is closest to the first time unit in the time domain.
  • the plurality of first-type time units are used for SL transmission.
  • any first type time unit among the plurality of first type time units includes at least one uplink symbol.
  • the second time unit is used by the second node U2 to send wireless signals.
  • the first time unit is used by the second node U2 to receive wireless signals
  • the second time unit is used by the second node U2 to send wireless signals
  • the first time unit is used by the second node U2 for SL reception, and the second time unit is used by the second node U2 for SL transmission.
  • the second time unit is closest to the first time unit in the time domain, and the second time unit is separated by the second time unit.
  • Node U2 is used to send wireless signals.
  • the sending timing of the second time unit is the start of the second time unit.
  • the sending timing of the second time unit is the start of sending the SL signal by the second node U2 after receiving the first time unit.
  • the sending timing of the second time unit is the closest sending time to the receiving timing of the first time unit.
  • the second time unit is a subframe.
  • the second time unit is a secondary link subframe.
  • the second time unit is an uplink subframe.
  • the second time unit is a subframe, and the subframe includes at least one uplink symbol.
  • the second time unit is a subframe, and the subframe is used for SL transmission.
  • the second time unit is a time slot.
  • the second time unit is a secondary link time slot.
  • the second time unit is an uplink time slot.
  • the second time unit is a time slot, and the time slot includes at least one uplink symbol.
  • the second time unit is a time slot, and the time slot is used for SL transmission.
  • Embodiment 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of target priority group sorting and the relationship between multiple priority groups according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • a target priority group order is used to determine the first anchor point from the plurality of communication nodes; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to multiple One of the priority groups; the target priority group ordering is used to indicate the priority of a communication node in any one of the plurality of priority groups being selected as the first anchor point .
  • any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to a priority group among the plurality of priority groups.
  • At least one priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes at least one communication node among the plurality of communication nodes.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes 0, one or more communication nodes.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes 0 or one communication node.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes one or more communication nodes.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes only one communication node.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups includes at least one communication node among the plurality of communication nodes.
  • the multiple priority groups correspond to multiple priority levels in a one-to-one manner.
  • any priority group among the plurality of priority groups corresponds to one priority among the plurality of priority levels.
  • the multiple priority groups are arranged in order from high to low priority.
  • the target priority group sorting indicates that the multiple priority groups are arranged in order from high to low priority.
  • the multiple priority groups are arranged in order from high to low priority, and the target priority group sorting indicates the index of the multiple priority groups.
  • the target priority group ranking is used to indicate the priority ranking of any one of the plurality of priority groups among the plurality of priority groups.
  • the plurality of priority groups are arranged in order from high to low, and the target priority group sorting is used to indicate that any one of the plurality of priority groups is in Describes indexes in multiple priority groups.
  • the multiple priorities are respectively equal to multiple positive integers.
  • the multiple priorities are respectively equal to multiple non-negative integers.
  • the multiple priorities are respectively equal to N positive integers, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the multiple priorities are respectively equal to N non-negative integers, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the given priority is any priority among the plurality of priorities.
  • the target priority group ranking indicates the priority of any communication node included in any priority group among the plurality of priority groups being selected as the first anchor point.
  • the target priority group ranking indicates the priority corresponding to one of the plurality of priority groups to which any one of the plurality of communication nodes belongs.
  • the priority corresponding to any priority group among the plurality of priority groups is the priority of any communication node in the priority group being selected as the first anchor point.
  • Embodiment 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the relationship between the first priority group and the second priority group according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the first priority group and the second priority group are respectively two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and any communication node in the first priority group is selected as The priority of the first anchor point is higher than any communication node in the second priority group.
  • the first priority group and the second priority group are any two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups respectively.
  • the first priority group includes at least one communication node.
  • the second priority group includes at least one communication node.
  • the first priority group includes at least one communication node
  • the second priority group includes at least one communication node
  • the priority corresponding to the first priority group is higher than the priority corresponding to the second priority group.
  • the priority corresponding to the first priority group is equal to i
  • the priority corresponding to the second priority group is equal to j.
  • i and j are both non-negative integers and i is less than j.
  • any communication node in the first priority group selected as the first anchor point has a higher priority than any communication node in the second priority group selected as the first anchor point. The priority of the first anchor point.
  • any communication node in the first priority group is selected as the first anchor point with a priority equal to i
  • any communication node in the second priority group is selected as all
  • the priority of the first anchor point is equal to j, i and j are both non-negative integers and i is less than j.
  • any communication node in the first priority group is selected as the first anchor point prior to any communication node in the second priority group.
  • any communication node in the first priority group has the same synchronization reference source (Synchronization Reference Source) as the first node; any communication node in the second priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node.
  • the synchronization reference source of the first node is different.
  • any communication node in the first priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node.
  • any communication node in the first priority group selects a cell as a synchronization reference source, and the first node also selects the cell as a synchronization reference source.
  • any communication node in the first priority group selects GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Navigation Satellite System) as a synchronization reference source, and the first node also selects GNSS as a synchronization reference source.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Navigation Satellite System
  • any communication node in the first priority group selects a SyncRefUE (Synchronization Reference UE, synchronization reference user equipment) as a synchronization reference source, and the first node also selects the SyncRefUE as a synchronization reference source.
  • a SyncRefUE Synchronization Reference UE, synchronization reference user equipment
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the first priority group and the synchronization reference source of the first node are both the same cell.
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the first priority group and the synchronization reference source of the first node are both GNSS.
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the first priority group and the synchronization reference source of the first node are the same SyncRefUE.
  • any communication node in the second priority group has a synchronization reference source different from that of the first node.
  • the first node selects a cell as the synchronization reference source, and any communication node in the second priority group Select GNSS or SyncRefUE as the synchronization reference source.
  • the first node selects the first cell as the synchronization reference source, and any communication node in the second priority group selects GNSS, SyncRefUE or the second cell as the synchronization reference source.
  • the second cell Different from the first cell.
  • the first node selects a GNSS as the synchronization reference source, and any communication node in the second priority group selects a cell or SyncRefUE as the synchronization reference source.
  • the first node selects a SyncRefUE as the synchronization reference source
  • any communication node in the second priority group selects a cell or GNSS as the synchronization reference source.
  • the first node selects the first SyncRefUE as the synchronization reference source, and any communication node in the second priority group selects a cell, GNSS, or the second SyncRefUE as the synchronization reference source.
  • the second SyncRefUE is different from the first SyncRefUE.
  • any communication node in the first priority group uses the first node as a synchronization reference source; any communication node in the second priority group does not use the first node as a synchronization reference source. as a synchronization reference source.
  • any communication node in the first priority group is a synchronization reference source of the first node; any communication node in the second priority group is not a synchronization source of the first node. Reference source.
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the first priority group is the first node
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the second priority group is a community.
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the first priority group is the first node
  • the synchronization reference source of any communication node in the second priority group is GNSS .
  • any communication node in the first priority group is an RSU or a stationary UE.
  • any communication node in the second priority group is a mobile UE.
  • the moving speed of the stationary UE is not greater than the first speed threshold.
  • the moving speed of the mobile UE is greater than the first speed threshold.
  • the moving speed of any communication node in the first priority group is not greater than the first speed threshold.
  • the moving speed of any communication node in the second priority group is greater than the first speed threshold.
  • the channel quality from any communication node in the first priority group to the first node is greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the channel quality from any communication node in the second priority group to the first node is not greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the measurement of the first node for any communication node in the first priority group is greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the measurement of the first node for any communication node in the second priority group is not greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the first quality threshold is RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
  • the first quality threshold is RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator, received signal strength indicator).
  • the first quality threshold is SL RSRP.
  • the first quality threshold is SL RSSI.
  • Embodiment 9 illustrates a flow chart of determining whether the target node is selected as the first anchor point according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the first node U3 and the second node U4 communicate through the air interface.
  • step S31 For the first node U3 , receive multiple first-type signalings in step S31; determine the first anchor point in step S12.
  • the first type of signaling is sent in step S41.
  • the senders of the plurality of first-type signaling are respectively the plurality of communication nodes; the target node U4 is any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes; the plurality of first-type signaling
  • the class signaling respectively carries multiple first-category area identifiers; the multiple first-category area identifiers are respectively used to identify multiple areas where the multiple communication nodes are located; the area where the target node U4 is located is the same as the area where the target node U4 is located.
  • the relationship between the distance between the area where the first node U3 is located and the first distance threshold is used to determine whether the target node U4 belongs to the first priority group or not.
  • the second priority group is used to determine whether the target node U4 belongs to the first priority group or not.
  • the target node U4 includes the second node in this application.
  • the plurality of first-type signalings respectively carry the first-type zone identifier (Zone ID).
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings is higher layer signaling.
  • any first type signaling among the plurality of first type signaling is higher layer signaling.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signaling is physical layer (Physical Layer, PHY) signaling.
  • any first type signaling among the plurality of first type signaling is physical layer signaling.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings includes one or more fields in an RRC IE (information element).
  • any one of the plurality of first-type signalings includes one or more fields in an RRC IE.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings includes a SCI (Sidelink Control Information).
  • any one of the plurality of first-type signalings includes a SCI.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings includes a second-stage SCI (2nd-stage SCI).
  • any one of the plurality of first-type signalings includes a second-level SCI.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings includes SCI format 2-B (secondary link control information format 2-B).
  • any first type signaling among the plurality of first type signaling includes SCI format 2-B.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings is downlink signaling.
  • any first type signaling among the plurality of first type signaling is downlink signaling.
  • At least one first-type signaling among the plurality of first-type signalings is secondary link signaling.
  • any first type signaling among the plurality of first type signaling is secondary link signaling.
  • the multiple areas where the multiple communication nodes are located are respectively multiple geographical areas.
  • any one of the plurality of geographical areas includes longitude and latitude.
  • the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is a geographical distance.
  • the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is a straight line distance.
  • the first distance threshold is a length value.
  • the unit of the first distance threshold is meters.
  • the unit of the first distance threshold is centimeters.
  • the relationship between the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located and the first distance threshold is used to determine that the target node U4 belongs to the first priority group or the second priority group.
  • the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is not greater than the first distance threshold, and the target node U4 belongs to the first priority level. Group.
  • the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is greater than the first distance threshold, and the target node U4 belongs to the second priority group.
  • the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is not greater than the first distance threshold, and the target node U4 belongs to the first priority level. group; or, the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is greater than the first distance threshold, and the target node U4 belongs to the second priority group.
  • the target node U4 belongs to the first Priority group; when the distance between the area where the target node U4 is located and the area where the first node U3 is located is greater than the first distance threshold, the target node U4 belongs to the second priority level Group.
  • Embodiment 10 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device in the first node, as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the first node device processing device 1000 mainly consists of a first processor 1001, a first transmitter 1002 and a first receiver 1003.
  • the first processor 1001 includes at least one of the transmitter/receiver 454, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the receiving processor 456, the controller/processor 459, and the memory 460 in Figure 4 of this application. one.
  • the first transmitter 1002 includes the antenna 452, the transmitter/receiver 454, the multi-antenna transmitter processor 457, the transmit processor 468, the controller/processor 459, and the memory 460 in Figure 4 of this application. and at least one of data sources 467.
  • the first receiver 1003 includes the antenna 452 in Figure 4 of this application, the transmitter/receiver 454, the multi-antenna receiving processor 458, the receiving processor 456, the controller/processor 459, and the memory 460 at least one of.
  • the first processor 1001 determines the first anchor point; the first transmitter 1002 sends a first signal; the first receiver 1003 receives the first location information; the target priority group ranking is For determining the first anchor point from a plurality of communication nodes; any communication node among the plurality of communication nodes belongs to a priority group among a plurality of priority groups; the target priority group ranking is used a priority indicating that a communication node in any one of the plurality of priority groups is selected as the first anchor point; measurements of the first signal are used to generate the first location information .
  • the first transmitter 1002 sends a first message; the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to perform measurement on the first signal.
  • the first location information includes a first transmission and reception time difference.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is the difference between the reception timing of the first anchor point in the first time unit and the reception timing of the first anchor point in the second time unit. The difference between the sending timing.
  • the first priority group and the second priority group are respectively two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and any communication node in the first priority group is selected as all The priority of the first anchor point is higher than any communication node in the second priority group.
  • any communication node in the first priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node; any communication node in the second priority group has the same synchronization reference source as the first node.
  • the synchronization reference sources are different.
  • any communication node in the first priority group uses the first node as a synchronization reference source, or is a synchronization reference source of the first node; the second priority group Any communication node in is not the synchronization reference source of the first node, nor does it use the first node as the synchronization reference source.
  • any communication node in the first priority group is an RSU or a stationary UE; any communication node in the second priority group is a mobile UE.
  • the channel quality from any communication node in the first priority group to the first node is greater than the first quality threshold; the channel quality from any communication node in the second priority group to the first node The channel quality of a node is not greater than the first quality threshold.
  • the first receiver 1003 receives multiple first-type signalings; the senders of the multiple first-type signalings are respectively the multiple communication nodes; the target node is the multiple communication nodes. Any communication node among the nodes; the plurality of first-type signaling respectively carry a plurality of first-type area identifiers; the plurality of first-type area identifiers are respectively used to identify the location where the plurality of communication nodes are located. Multiple areas; the relationship between the distance between the area where the target node is located and the area where the first node is located and the first distance threshold is used to determine that the target node belongs to the first priority group Still the second priority group.
  • the first node 1000 is user equipment.
  • the first node 1000 is a relay node.
  • the first node 1000 is a roadside unit.
  • Embodiment 11 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device in the second node, as shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the second node device processing device 1100 mainly consists of a second receiver 1101 and a second transmitter 1102.
  • the second receiver 1101 includes the antenna 420, the transmitter/receiver 418, the multi-antenna receiving processor 472, the receiving processor 470, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476 in Figure 4 of this application. at least one of.
  • the second transmitter 1102 includes the antenna 420 in Figure 4 of this application, the transmitter/receiver 418, the multi-antenna transmit processor 471, the transmit processor 416, the controller/processor 475, and the memory 476. at least one of.
  • the second receiver 1101 receives the first message; the second receiver 1101 performs measurements on the first signal; The second transmitter 1102 sends first location information; the first message indicates that the second node is selected as the first anchor point, and the first message is used to trigger the first anchor point to execute the Measurements of the first signal, the measurements of the first signal being used to generate the first position information.
  • the first location information includes a first transmission and reception time difference.
  • the first transmission and reception time difference is the difference between the reception timing of the first anchor point in the first time unit and the reception timing of the first anchor point in the second time unit. The difference between the sending timing.
  • the second node 1100 is a communication node among multiple communication nodes; the target priority group ranking is used to determine the second node 1100 as the first communication node from the multiple communication nodes.
  • the communication node in the class group is selected as the priority of the first anchor point.
  • the first priority group and the second priority group are respectively two priority groups among the plurality of priority groups, and any communication node in the first priority group is selected as all The priority of the first anchor point is higher than any communication node in the second priority group.
  • the second node 1100 belongs to the first priority group, and the second node 1100 has the same synchronization reference source as the sender of the first message.
  • the second node 1100 belongs to the first priority group, and the second node 1100 uses the sender of the first message as a synchronization reference source, or the second node 1100 is The synchronization reference source of the sender of the first message.
  • the second node 1100 belongs to the first priority group, the second node 1100 is an RSU, or the second node 1100 is a stationary UE.
  • the second node 1100 belongs to the first priority group, and the channel quality from the second node 1100 to the sender of the first message is greater than a first quality threshold.
  • the second transmitter 1102 sends a first-type signaling; the second node 1100 belongs to the first priority group; the first-type signaling carries a first-type area identifier, The first type of area identifier is used to identify the area where the second node is located, and the distance between the area where the second node 1100 is located and the area where the sender of the first message is located. Not greater than the first distance threshold.
  • the second node 1100 is user equipment.
  • the second node 1100 is a relay node.
  • the second node 1100 is a roadside device.
  • the first node devices in this application include but are not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, Internet cards, low-power devices, eMTC devices, NB-IoT devices, vehicle communication devices, aircraft, aircraft, drones, remote control aircraft, etc.
  • Wireless communications equipment The second node devices in this application include but are not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, Internet cards, low-power devices, eMTC devices, NB-IoT devices, vehicle communication devices, aircraft, aircraft, drones, remote control aircraft, etc. Wireless communications equipment.
  • the user equipment or UE or terminal in this application includes but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, Internet cards, low-power devices, eMTC devices, NB-IoT devices, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, aircraft, aircraft, drones, remote controls Wireless communication equipment such as aircraft.
  • the base station equipment or base station or network side equipment in this application includes but is not limited to macro cell base station, micro cell base station, home base station, relay base station, eNB, gNB, transmission and reception node TRP, GNSS, relay satellite, satellite base station, aerial Base stations and other wireless communication equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande divulgue un procédé et un appareil utilisés pour le positionnement. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un premier nœud détermine un premier ancrage ; envoie un premier signal ; et reçoit des premières informations d'emplacement, un ordre de groupe de priorité cible étant utilisé pour déterminer le premier ancrage parmi une pluralité de nœuds de communication ; et tout nœud de communication parmi la pluralité de nœuds de communication appartenant à un groupe de priorité parmi une pluralité de groupes de priorité ; l'ordre de groupe de priorité cible étant utilisé pour indiquer qu'un nœud de communication dans n'importe quel groupe de priorité parmi la pluralité de groupes de priorité est sélectionné en tant que priorité du premier ancrage ; et une mesure pour le premier signal est utilisée pour générer les premières informations d'emplacement. La présente demande résout le problème de détermination d'un équipement utilisateur d'ancrage destiné à prendre en charge un positionnement, ce qui permet de réduire efficacement des surdébits d'interaction de signalisation entre des utilisateurs.
PCT/CN2023/116661 2022-09-09 2023-09-04 Procédé et appareil pour le positionnement WO2024051625A1 (fr)

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