WO2024050779A1 - 电池系统的控制方法和控制装置 - Google Patents

电池系统的控制方法和控制装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024050779A1
WO2024050779A1 PCT/CN2022/117891 CN2022117891W WO2024050779A1 WO 2024050779 A1 WO2024050779 A1 WO 2024050779A1 CN 2022117891 W CN2022117891 W CN 2022117891W WO 2024050779 A1 WO2024050779 A1 WO 2024050779A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
branches
discharge power
branch
power
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PCT/CN2022/117891
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶炜
李永超
谢吉海
吴声潞
武大鹏
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/117891 priority Critical patent/WO2024050779A1/zh
Publication of WO2024050779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024050779A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a control method and control device for a battery system.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a control method and a control device for a battery system, which are beneficial to improving the safety of the battery system.
  • a control method for a battery system which is characterized in that the battery system includes N battery branches connected in parallel, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and the control method includes: When at least one battery branch in the N battery branch has abnormal communication, determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch among the N battery branches; perform power control on the battery system based on the high-voltage state of each battery branch.
  • the high-voltage state of each battery branch in the battery system is determined, and based on the According to the high-voltage state of the branch circuit, power control of the battery system is helpful to avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current, or damage to the battery in the battery branch, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • performing power control on the battery system based on the high-voltage state of each battery branch includes: based on the high-voltage state of each battery branch and the communication of each battery branch. status to perform power control on the battery system.
  • the power control of the battery system can be realized more accurately, thereby avoiding over-discharge, over-current, or over-current in the battery branch. Problems such as damaged batteries.
  • performing power control on the battery system based on the high-voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch includes: based on the high-voltage status of each battery branch status and the communication status of each battery branch, determine the first target discharge power of the battery system, and the first target discharge power is less than the sum of the allowable discharge powers of the N battery branches; according to the first target discharge power , perform power control on the battery system.
  • determining the first target discharge power of the battery system based on the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch includes: When there are M battery branches in the road that are closed and the communication of the M battery branches is normal, the first target discharge power is determined based on the allowable discharge power of the M battery branches, and M is less than or equal to N. Positive integer.
  • MBMU directly does not consider the discharge power of the communication abnormality and/or disconnected battery branch, which can avoid the battery branch being closed before the communication abnormality.
  • the battery branch is still considered closed, causing other battery branches that are actually closed to over-discharge, over-current, or damage the battery, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • determining the first target discharge power based on the allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches includes: reducing the minimum allowable discharge among the M allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches. M times of the power are determined as the first target discharge power.
  • the control method further includes: when it is detected that the closed K battery branches among the N battery branches have faults that cause the battery branches to be disconnected, setting the first target The discharge power is adjusted to a second target discharge power.
  • the second target discharge power is less than the first target discharge power, where K is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the communication of the K battery branches is abnormal; according to the second target discharge power, K is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the target discharge power is used to control the power of the battery system.
  • the closed battery branch when it is detected that there is abnormal communication in the battery system and the closed battery branch has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, power reduction control is performed on the battery system to avoid the impact on other devices when the battery branch is disconnected.
  • the relay of the closed battery branch circuit may cause impact adhesion, shorten the life or cause damage to the battery core.
  • control method further includes: controlling the discharge power of the battery system to decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a first time interval.
  • the discharge power of the battery system can slowly decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a predetermined time, so as to avoid the impact on the closed battery branch caused by the rapid change of the discharge power.
  • control method further includes: while controlling the battery system with the second target discharge power for a second time interval, restoring the second target discharge power to the first target discharge. power; perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • restoring the discharge power of the battery system to the first target discharge power can enhance the availability of the battery system.
  • the time interval is determined based on fault levels existing in the K battery branches, and different fault levels correspond to different fault operations.
  • determining the first target discharge power according to the high voltage state of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch includes: among the N battery branches, there are When P battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, obtain the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is A positive integer less than or equal to N; the first target discharge power is determined based on the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch.
  • the MBMU determines the first target discharge power based on the obtained allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, which is helpful to avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current, or damage to the battery in the battery branch.
  • determining the first target discharge power based on the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch includes: based on the fault level of each battery branch among the P battery branches and the single The allowable discharge power of the battery branch determines the first target discharge power.
  • the first target discharge power is determined by combining the fault levels of P closed battery branches and the obtained allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • the first target discharge power is determined based on the fault level of each battery branch among the P battery branches and the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch, including: in the P If the fault level of at least one battery branch among the battery branches indicates that the discharge power is limited, the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch is determined as the first target discharge power.
  • the obtained allowable discharge power of the single battery branch is determined as the first target discharge power, so that It can avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current or battery damage in the battery branch, and improve the safety of the battery system.
  • obtaining the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch includes: based on the temperature and charge of the battery system before the communication abnormality of the last battery branch among the P battery branches with communication abnormality. Electrical state SOC, obtain the allowable discharge power of this single branch.
  • determining the first target discharge power according to the high voltage state of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch includes: among the N battery branches, there are When P battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, the first target discharge power is determined according to the preset power limit, and P is the power of the closed battery branch among the N battery branches. quantity, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the first target discharge power is determined according to the preset power limit, which is helpful to avoid over-discharge and over-current in the battery branches. Or damage the battery and other issues.
  • determining the first target discharge power according to the preset limited power includes: determining P times the preset limited power as the first target discharge power.
  • the limited power is limp power.
  • control method further includes: when it is detected that any of the P battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to disconnect, setting the first target discharge power to Adjust to a third target discharge power, which is smaller than the first target discharge power; perform power control on the battery system according to the third target discharge power.
  • the battery system when it is detected that there is abnormal communication in the battery system and the closed battery branch has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, the battery system can be controlled to reduce power, which can avoid damaging the battery branch when the battery branch is disconnected.
  • the relays of other closed battery branch circuits may cause impact adhesion, shortened service life, or cause damage to the battery cells.
  • determining the high voltage state of each battery branch among the N battery branches includes: determining the high voltage state of each battery branch according to the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches. High voltage status of branch circuit.
  • control method further includes: determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches includes: determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches based on the detected insulation resistance value. quantity.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches based on the detected insulation resistance value includes: determining based on the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located. The number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches is determined based on the resistance range in which the detected insulation resistance value is located, including: when the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the In the case of a resistance range, determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches as R1; or in the case where the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the second resistance range, determine the number of the N battery branches.
  • the number of closed battery branches in the circuit is R2; among them, R1 is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and R2 is a positive integer less than or equal to N. If the minimum value of the first resistance range is greater than the second resistance range maximum value, then R1 is greater than R2.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches according to the resistance range in which the detected insulation resistance value is located includes: according to the resistance range in which the detected insulation resistance value is located The resistance range and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance value is within the resistance range determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the number of closed battery branches in the battery system can be determined as accurately as possible.
  • the closed ones of the N battery branches are determined based on the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance value is located in the resistance interval.
  • the number of battery branches includes: when the duration of the detected insulation resistance value in the resistance range is greater than the time threshold, determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches for detection The number corresponding to the resistance range where the insulation resistance value is reached.
  • control method further includes: in the event that any battery branch among the N battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to disconnect, control the switch in the insulation detection module to change the insulation resistance.
  • a battery system control device which is characterized in that the battery system includes N battery branches connected in parallel, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and the control device includes: a determination module for determining the When the communication of at least one battery branch among the N battery branches is abnormal, determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch among the N battery branches; the control module is used to determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch according to the high-voltage state of each battery branch. status to perform power control on the battery system.
  • control module is specifically configured to perform power control on the battery system based on the high-voltage state of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch.
  • control module is specifically configured to: determine the first target of the battery system based on the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch. Discharge power, the first target discharge power is less than the sum of the allowable discharge powers of the N battery branches; the control unit is used to perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when M battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the M battery branches is normal, determine according to the M battery branches.
  • the allowable discharge power of the branch determines the first target discharge power, and M is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to determine M times the minimum allowable discharge power among the M allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches as the first target discharge power.
  • the control device further includes: an adjustment module, configured to adjust the closed K battery branches among the N battery branches when there is a fault that causes the battery branch to disconnect.
  • the first target discharge power is adjusted to a second target discharge power, the second target discharge power is less than the first target discharge power, where K is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and the communication of the K battery branches is abnormal;
  • the control module is also used to perform power control on the battery system according to the second target discharge power.
  • control module is further configured to: control the discharge power of the battery system to decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a first time interval.
  • control module is further configured to: restore the second target discharge power to the first target discharge when the battery system is controlled with the second target discharge power for a second time interval. power, and perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the time interval is determined based on fault levels existing in the K battery branches, and different fault levels correspond to different fault operations.
  • the determination unit is specifically used to obtain a single battery branch when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal.
  • the allowable discharge power of , P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N; according to the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch, determine the first target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: determine the first target discharge power based on the fault level of each battery branch among the P battery branches and the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch. .
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when there is a fault level of at least one battery branch among the P battery branches indicating that the discharge power is limited, change the allowable discharge of the single battery branch. The power is determined as the first target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: obtain the battery system's temperature and state-of-charge SOC before the communication abnormality of the last battery branch among the P battery branches with abnormal communication.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, determine the Power, determine the first target discharge power, P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to determine P times the preset limited power as the first target discharge power.
  • the limited power is limp power.
  • control device further includes: an adjustment module, configured to adjust the P battery branch when a fault is detected in any of the P battery branches causing the battery branch to disconnect.
  • the first target discharge power is adjusted to a third target discharge power, and the third target discharge power is smaller than the first target discharge power; the control module is also configured to perform power control on the battery system according to the third target discharge power.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch according to the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the determining module is also used to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches based on the detected insulation resistance value.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches according to the resistance range in which the detected insulation resistance value is located.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to: determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches to be R1 when the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the first resistance interval. ; Or when the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the second resistance range, determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches as R2; where R1 is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and R2 is a positive integer less than or equal to N. If the minimum value of the first resistance range is greater than the maximum value of the second resistance range, then R1 is greater than R2.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to: determine the N values based on the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance value is located in the resistance interval. The number of closed battery branches in the battery branch.
  • the determination module is specifically configured to: when the detected insulation resistance value is in the resistance range for a duration greater than a time threshold, the closed batteries in the N battery branches The number of branches is determined to be the number corresponding to the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located.
  • control module is also used to: when any battery branch among the N battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, control any battery branch. switch in the insulation detection module to change the insulation resistance value.
  • a battery system including N battery branches connected in parallel and the control device in the above second aspect and any possible implementation thereof, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • a control device for a battery system includes multiple battery branches connected in parallel.
  • the control device includes a memory and a processor.
  • the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to read the instructions. and execute the first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect based on the instruction.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.
  • the computer program causes the computer to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a battery system used in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the control method of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic block diagram of the control method of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic block diagram of the control method of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic block diagram of the control method of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic block diagram of the control method of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 shows a physical model diagram of battery insulation monitoring.
  • Figure 8 shows the sampling principle diagram of battery insulation monitoring.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a control device of a battery system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic block diagram of the control device of the battery system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • power batteries can be used as the main power source for electrical devices (such as vehicles, ships or spacecrafts, etc.), and their importance is self-evident.
  • electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or spacecrafts, etc.
  • most battery systems in electrical devices adopt the form of multiple battery branches connected in parallel, and each battery branch can communicate with the main control of the battery system to transmit battery support.
  • Road related data usually, once there is a communication abnormality in the battery branch circuit in the battery system, it will be forced to stop working. For example, for the battery system in the electrical device, once there is a communication abnormality in the battery branch, it will cause the electrical device to be unable to start and directly shut down.
  • the applicant found that in the case of battery branch communication abnormalities, as long as the battery branch is still closed in the battery system, the high voltage on the battery system can be controlled. In this case, some corresponding control of the battery system is required to ensure the performance of the battery system. For example, power control. For example, before the communication abnormality, a certain battery branch circuit was closed, and after the communication abnormality, the battery branch circuit was disconnected. However, since the main control of the battery system did not know that the battery branch circuit was disconnected, it was difficult to perform maintenance on the battery system.
  • the battery branch may cause over-discharge problems in other battery branches in the battery system; for another example, a certain battery branch is disconnected before communication, and the communication is abnormal. After that, the battery branch is closed, but because the main control of the battery system does not know that the battery branch is closed, it still does not consider the battery branch when performing power control on the battery system, which may lead to poor availability of the battery system. powerful.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a control method and a control device for a battery system.
  • a control method and a control device for a battery system with multiple battery branches connected in parallel, when the communication of at least one battery branch is abnormal, it is determined that the The high-voltage state of each battery branch, and based on the high-voltage state of each battery branch, power control of the battery system is beneficial to improving the performance of the battery system.
  • Figure 1 shows a high-voltage architecture topology diagram of a battery system applicable to embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery system 100 may include: multiple battery branches connected in parallel, for example, battery branches 1101,..., battery branches 110N.
  • each battery branch may include a battery, and the batteries in multiple battery branches are connected in parallel.
  • batteries 1111, ..., and batteries 111N in Figure 1 are connected in parallel.
  • relays may also be provided in each battery branch, for example, relays 1151,..., relays 115N.
  • a relay can be connected in series with the negative electrode of the battery to control the high-voltage connection and disconnection between the battery and the vehicle system. That is, the relay is used to control the closing or disconnection of the battery branch circuit.
  • a DC/DC (direct current/direct current, DC/DC) converter can also be provided in the battery branch, for example, DC/DC converter 1121,..., DC/DC converter 112N.
  • DC/DC converters are used to convert the high voltage in the battery branch to low voltage to provide low voltage for power supply devices and hardware.
  • a cell supervisory control (CSC) unit can also be provided in the battery branch to collect the cell voltage and cell temperature of the battery.
  • CSC1131,...,CSC 113N can also be provided inside the battery branch to collect the battery current.
  • the battery system 100 may also include: a main relay 120, which is disposed on a bus after multiple battery branches are connected in parallel, and is used to control high-voltage connection and disconnection between the battery system 100 and the vehicle system.
  • a main relay 120 which is disposed on a bus after multiple battery branches are connected in parallel, and is used to control high-voltage connection and disconnection between the battery system 100 and the vehicle system.
  • the battery system 100 also includes a precharge relay 130 and a precharge resistor 140 for performing high-voltage precharge.
  • the battery system 100 is also provided with a master battery management unit 150 (master battery management unit, MBMU).
  • a slave battery management unit (SBMU) is provided in the battery branch, for example, SBMU 1141,..., SBMU 114N.
  • SBMU and SBMU communicate with each other.
  • MBMU 150 can periodically obtain the current value, cell voltage, relay status, power and other status parameters of the battery branch from SBMU 114.
  • the communication methods between MBMU 150 and SBMU are not limited to wireless Bluetooth, CAN bus, Ethernet, 5G network communication and other methods.
  • the SBMU can be implemented using the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) corresponding to the battery branch; the MBMU 150 can be implemented through the control module of the battery disconnect unit (Battery Disconnect Unit, BDU), or through One of the battery branch BMS is implemented.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • BDU Battery Disconnect Unit
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery system control method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery system may include N battery branches connected in parallel, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the battery system may correspond to the battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1 , and the control method 200 may be executed by a control device in the battery system 100 .
  • the control method 200 may be executed by an MBMU in the battery system 100 .
  • the control method 200 may be jointly executed by the MBMU and the SBMU in the battery system 100 .
  • the control method 200 may include part or all of the following content.
  • S220 Perform power control on the battery system according to the high-voltage state of each battery branch.
  • the normal or abnormal communication of the battery branch refers to the normal or abnormal communication between the SBMU and MBMU of the battery branch. If the communication of the battery branch is normal, MBMU can receive various status parameters about the battery branch sent by SBMU, such as current value, cell voltage, relay status, SOC and allowed charge and discharge power, etc. If the communication of the battery branch is abnormal, MBMU cannot obtain various status parameters of the battery branch through SBMU.
  • the high voltage state of a battery branch may include the closing or opening of the battery branch.
  • the closing or opening of the battery branch may refer to the closing or opening of the relay in the battery branch.
  • the closing of the battery branch may also be referred to as high-voltage connection of the battery branch, and the disconnection of the battery branch may also be referred to as high-voltage disconnection of the battery branch.
  • the MBMU When there is a communication abnormality in at least one battery branch in the battery system, that is, the MBMU cannot obtain the status parameters of at least one battery branch through the SBMU. At this time, for the MBMU, the high-voltage status of at least one battery branch with abnormal communication is Unable to communicate via unknown means.
  • the MBMU can first use a specific method to determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch in the battery system, and then the MBMU can perform power control on the battery system based on the determined high-voltage state of each battery branch. For example, MBMU can perform power control on the battery system based on the number of battery branch circuit closures.
  • the MBMU can control the battery system not to discharge; if all battery branches in the battery system are closed, the MBMU can perform certain power reduction control on the battery system.
  • performing power control on the battery system may include: determining the discharge power or recharge power of the battery system.
  • the high-voltage state of each battery branch in the battery system is determined, and based on the The power control of the battery system can help avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current, or damage to the battery in the battery branch, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • S220 that is, performing power control on the battery system according to the high-voltage state of each battery branch, includes: S310, according to the high-voltage state of each battery branch and each The communication status of the battery branch is used to control the power of the battery system.
  • MBMU can first determine the high-voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch, and divide all battery branches of the battery system into battery branches with normal communication and closed, battery branches with abnormal communication and closed, There are four categories: battery branch circuits with normal communication and disconnection, and battery branch circuits with abnormal communication and disconnection. The power control of the battery system is performed based on these four categories. For example, if there is a battery branch with normal communication and closure in the battery system, the MBMU can directly control the power of the battery system based on the allowable discharge power reported by the SBMU of the battery branch with normal communication and closure.
  • MBMU can obtain the allowable discharge power or the preset limit power of a single battery branch, Perform power control on battery systems.
  • the power control of the battery system can be realized more accurately, thereby avoiding over-discharge, over-current, or over-current in the battery branch. Problems such as damaged batteries.
  • step S310 that is, performing power control on the battery system according to the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch, includes: S410, according to the high voltage status of each battery branch.
  • the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch determine the first target discharge power of the battery system, and the first target discharge power is less than the sum of the allowable discharge powers of the N battery branches;
  • S420 perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the power control of the battery system may include determining the discharge power of the battery system. Since there is a communication abnormality in at least one battery branch in the battery system, the MBMU can determine the first target discharge power based on the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch. The first target discharge power is less than The sum of the allowable discharge power of all battery branches of the battery system.
  • the sum of the allowable discharge power of all battery branches of the battery system can be the allowable discharge power reported by the SMBMU of the battery branch with normal communication and the allowable discharge power reported by the SMBMU of the battery branch with abnormal communication before the communication abnormality. Sum.
  • the MBMU performs power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power, that is, controls the battery system to discharge with a power less than or equal to the first target discharge power. It should be understood that the MBMU can periodically determine the target discharge power of the battery system. The first target discharge power in this embodiment and the second target discharge power and the third target discharge power involved in subsequent embodiments can be understood to be determined at different times. The target discharge power of the battery system.
  • step S410 that is, determining the first target discharge power of the battery system based on the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch, includes: S510, When M battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the M battery branches is normal, the first target discharge power is determined based on the allowable discharge power of the M battery branches, M is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the MBMU can directly determine the first target discharge power based on the allowed discharge power reported by the SBMU of the M battery branches. That is, MBMU directly eliminates the discharge power of other battery branches with abnormal communication and/or disconnection, and limits the discharge power of the battery system to at least less than or equal to the sum of the allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches.
  • MBMU directly does not consider the discharge power of the communication abnormality and/or disconnected battery branch, which can avoid the battery branch being closed before the communication abnormality.
  • the battery branch is still considered closed, causing problems such as over-discharge, over-current, or damage to the battery when other battery branches are actually closed, which can improve the safety of the battery system.
  • step S510 that is, determining the first target discharge power according to the allowable discharge power of the M battery branches, includes: S610, calculating the minimum of the M allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches. M times of the allowable discharge power are determined as the first target discharge power.
  • the MBMU can obtain the allowable discharge power reported by the SBMU of the M battery branches, that is, the MBMU can obtain the M allowable discharge powers. Further, the MBMU can sort the M allowed discharge powers from large to small or from small to large, select the minimum allowed discharge power from them, and determine M times of the minimum allowed discharge power as the first target discharge power. Alternatively, the MBMU may also determine the first target discharge power based on other rules and the obtained M allowed discharge powers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the control method further includes: when it is detected that the closed K battery branches among the N battery branches have a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, controlling the first battery branch.
  • a target discharge power is adjusted to a second target discharge power, and the second target discharge power is less than the first target discharge power, where K is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and the communication of the K battery branches is abnormal; according to the The second target discharge power is used to perform power control on the battery system.
  • MBMU can periodically determine the discharge power of the battery system. That is, MBMU determines that the discharge power of the battery system is the first target discharge power at a certain moment. MBMU can continue to combine the data of each battery branch in the battery system. The high voltage state determines the discharge power of the battery system at the next moment. Alternatively, the MBMU can also combine the high-voltage status of each battery branch in the battery system and the communication status of each battery system to determine the discharge power of the battery system at the next moment. As mentioned above, at a certain moment, there are both battery branches with normal communication and closed in the battery system, and battery branches with abnormal communication and closed.
  • the MBMU can lower the discharge power of the battery system, that is, lower the discharge power of the battery system from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power, and further control The battery system is discharged within the second target discharge power.
  • the MBMU determines whether to disconnect the battery branch based on the fault that occurs in the battery branch.
  • Faults occurring in battery branch circuits can correspond to different fault levels.
  • the fault that occurs in the battery branch can be level 3, level 5, level 9, level 20, etc.
  • faults occurring in battery branch circuits are divided into 5 fault levels. Among them, a level 1 fault indicates the mildest fault, while a level 5 fault indicates the most severe fault.
  • Different fault levels can correspond to different fault operations.
  • a level 3 fault level can be set to indicate that power reduction control is required for the battery branch. At this time, in order to avoid the impact of the battery branch on other closed battery branches, the battery branch can be directly disconnected.
  • a level 5 fault level indicates that a collision fault has occurred and the battery branch needs to be disconnected immediately.
  • Level 4 fault level is located between level 3 fault level and level 5 fault level. For example, it can indicate that a fault has occurred that requires the battery branch circuit to be disconnected, but it is not disconnected immediately, but is delayed for a period of time before disconnecting.
  • the MBMU can be set to control the battery branch to be disconnected once a level 3 or above (including level 3) fault occurs in the battery branch.
  • the closed battery branch when it is detected that there is abnormal communication in the battery system and the closed battery branch has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, power reduction control is performed on the battery system to avoid the impact on other devices when the battery branch is disconnected.
  • the relay of the closed battery branch circuit may cause impact adhesion, shorten the life or cause damage to the battery core.
  • control method further includes: controlling the discharge power of the battery system to decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a first time interval.
  • the discharge power of the battery system can slowly decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a predetermined time, which can avoid the impact on the closed battery branch caused by the rapid change of the discharge power.
  • control method further includes: when controlling the battery system with the second target discharge power for a second time interval, restoring the second target discharge power to the first Target discharge power; perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the discharge power of the battery system When the discharge power of the battery system drops to the second target discharge power for a predetermined time, the discharge power of the battery system may be restored to the first target discharge power. Since the state of the battery system is stable enough when the lowered second target discharge power is used to control the battery system for a predetermined time, at this time, in order to enhance the availability of the battery system, the discharge power of the battery system can be restored to the second target discharge power. A target discharge power is used to control the power of the battery system.
  • the first time interval or the second time interval may be an empirical value.
  • the first time interval and the second time interval may be determined based on the fault level of the battery branch, and different fault levels correspond to different fault operations.
  • different fault levels of the battery branch can be preset in advance based on experience to correspond to different first time intervals or second time intervals.
  • the MBMU obtains the fault level of the battery branch with abnormal communication and closure, it can determine the fault level related to the battery branch. The first time interval and the second time interval corresponding to the fault level.
  • step S410 that is, determining the first target discharge power according to the high-voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch, includes: : S710, when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, by obtaining the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, P is the N battery branch.
  • the number of closed battery branches in the circuit, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N;
  • S720 determine the first target discharge power according to the allowed discharge power of the single battery branch.
  • the battery branch with normal communication is disconnected, and the communication with the closed battery branch is abnormal.
  • the branch is a battery branch that MBMU does not need to consider when performing power control on the battery system.
  • the allowable discharge power of a closed battery branch that MBMU needs to consider when performing power control on the battery system cannot be obtained from the SMBMU in real time. obtained.
  • the MBMU can obtain the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch in a certain manner, and determine the first target discharge power based on the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch.
  • the MBMU can look up the table to obtain the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch based on certain parameters.
  • the MBMU can calculate and obtain the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch based on certain parameters. It should be noted that the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch obtained in this embodiment is not the real-time allowable discharge power of a closed battery branch, but the single battery support obtained by MBMU based on the parameters that can be obtained before the communication abnormality. The allowable discharge power of the circuit.
  • the MBMU determines the first target discharge power based on the obtained allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, which is helpful to avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current, or damage to the battery in the battery branch.
  • step S720 that is, determining the first target discharge power according to the allowed discharge power of the single battery branch, includes: S810, according to each of the P battery branches The first target discharge power is determined based on the fault level and the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch.
  • the MBMU determines P times the determined allowable discharge power of a single battery branch as the first target discharge power.
  • the P closed battery branches may have various levels of faults, resulting in the need to limit the discharge power of some of the P closed battery branches.
  • some battery branches may be over-discharged. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first target discharge power is determined based on the fault levels of the P closed battery branches and the determined allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • the fault level indication limits the discharge power
  • the MBMU can obtain the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch (P-L) times is determined as the first target discharge power, and L is a positive integer less than or equal to P.
  • the MBMU determines the allowable discharge of the single battery branch based on the parameters reported by the last battery branch with abnormal communication before the communication abnormality.
  • the power is A.
  • the system is discharging, it will cause over-discharge of the battery branch that limits the discharge power. Therefore, when determining the first target discharge power, you can directly exclude the battery branches with faults that limit the discharge power, and only consider that there is no limit to the discharge power.
  • the faulty battery branch can be used.
  • step S810 is to determine the fault level of each battery branch among the P battery branches and the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch.
  • the first target discharge power includes: S811, when the fault level of at least one battery branch among the P battery branches indicates that the discharge power is limited, determine the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch as the first Target discharge power.
  • the obtained allowable discharge power of the single battery branch is determined as the first target discharge power, so that Avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current or battery damage in the battery branch, and improve the safety of the battery system.
  • MBMU determines the allowable discharge of the single battery branch based on the parameters reported by the last battery branch with abnormal communication before the communication abnormality.
  • the power is B.
  • MBMU determines the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch based on the parameters before the communication abnormality, it is not the real-time allowable discharge power.
  • the difference between the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch and the real-time allowable discharge power of the battery branch can directly determine the first target discharge power as the determined allowable discharge power of the single battery branch, rather than the determined allowable discharge power of the single battery branch. 2 times the allowable discharge power of the circuit, which can avoid problems such as over-discharge, over-current or battery damage of the battery branch, and improve the safety of the battery system.
  • step S710 that is, obtaining the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, includes: S711, according to the last battery branch with abnormal communication among the P battery branches, before the communication abnormality, The temperature and state of charge SOC of the battery system are used to obtain the allowable discharge power of the single branch.
  • MBMU can obtain the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch based on the parameters of the battery system obtained before the communication abnormality of the last battery branch in the closed battery branch with abnormal communication.
  • the parameters may be, for example, temperature and state of charge (SOC).
  • SOC state of charge
  • the MBMU can internally store a mapping table between temperature, SOC and discharge power. Once the MBMU determines that the communication abnormalities of all closed battery branches are abnormal, it will determine the battery system status of the last closed battery branch with abnormal communication before the communication abnormality. Temperature and SOC, search the mapping table to find the corresponding discharge power, which is the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch.
  • step S410 is to determine the first target discharge according to the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch.
  • Power including: S910, when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, determine the first target discharge power according to the preset power limit, P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the limited power may refer to the power that can still ensure the basic operation of the electrical device under abnormal operation of the battery system.
  • the electric device can reach a speed of 200km/h under normal operation, while the electric device can reach a maximum speed of 100km/h under basic operation.
  • the limited power may be a limp power, which refers to limiting the discharge power of the battery system to a power that can only limp using an electrical device.
  • the limp power may be a lower limit of the limiting power.
  • the MBMU can have a preset power limit, and the preset power limit can be an empirical value.
  • the battery branch with normal communication is disconnected, and the communication with the closed battery branch is abnormal.
  • the disconnected battery branch The path is the battery branch that MBMU does not need to consider when performing power control on the battery system.
  • the allowable discharge power of the closed battery branch that MBMU needs to consider when performing power control on the battery system cannot be obtained.
  • the MBMU can determine the first target discharge power according to the preset limited power.
  • the first target discharge power is determined according to the preset power limit to avoid over-discharge, over-current or over-current in the battery branches. While damaging the battery and other problems, it can still ensure the basic operation of the electrical device, so that the battery system can perform at its best.
  • step S910 that is, determining the first target discharge power according to the preset limited power, includes: S911, determining P times the preset limited power as the first target discharge power.
  • control method further includes: when it is detected that any of the P battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, the first target The discharge power is adjusted to a third target discharge power, which is smaller than the first target discharge power; and the battery system is power controlled according to the third target discharge power.
  • the MBMU can control the discharge of the battery system within the third discharge power that is smaller than the first target discharge power.
  • the battery system when it is detected that there is abnormal communication in the battery system and the closed battery branch has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, the battery system can be controlled to reduce power, which can avoid damaging the battery branch when the battery branch is disconnected.
  • the relays of other closed battery branch circuits may cause impact adhesion, shortened service life, or cause damage to the battery cells.
  • Figure 4 describes a schematic diagram of MBMU's power control when the single-battery branch communication in the battery system with dual-battery branches is abnormal.
  • Figure 5 describes a power control schematic diagram of the MBMU when communication in the dual-battery branch battery system is abnormal.
  • the MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to the communication
  • the allowable discharge power of a normal and high-voltage connected battery branch when a communication abnormality is detected and a high-level fault occurs in a high-voltage connected battery branch (for example, a fault that causes the battery branch to disconnect), the MBMU will set the discharge power of the battery system to The limit is D, D is the preset power limit, and the power drop time is the first time interval. After the discharge power is limited to D and continues for the second time interval, the MBMU will restore the discharge power of the battery system to the battery with normal communication and high voltage connection.
  • the allowable discharge power of the branch when a communication abnormality is detected and a high-level fault occurs in a high-voltage connected battery branch (for example, a fault that causes the battery branch to disconnect), the MBMU will set the discharge power of the battery system to The limit is D, D is the preset power limit, and the power drop time is the first time interval. After the discharge power is limited to D and continues for
  • the MBMU when the battery system with dual battery branches has normal communication and high voltage disconnection of one battery branch, and abnormal communication and high voltage connection of the other battery branch, the MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to E, E is the preset power limit; if a communication abnormality is further detected and a high-level fault exists in the high-voltage connected battery branch, the MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to 0, that is, setting the No branch available fault.
  • MBMU can respond to the last battery branch with abnormal communication.
  • the temperature and SOC of the battery system are looked up in the table to obtain the allowable discharge power of a single battery branch, and the discharge power of the battery system is limited to the allowable discharge power obtained by the table lookup; further, if any battery is detected If there is a high-level fault in the branch, the MBMU will limit the discharge power of the battery system to F, where F is the preset power limit, and the power drop time is the third time interval; if high-level faults are detected in all battery branches, then MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to 0, that is, set the No Branch Available fault.
  • the MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to G, G is the preset power limit; further, if a communication abnormality is detected and a high-level fault exists in the high-voltage connected battery branch, the MBMU can limit the discharge power of the battery system to 0, that is, set the No branch available fault.
  • power control of the battery system not only includes controlling the discharge power of the battery system, but also includes controlling the recharge power of the battery system.
  • the recharge power control can refer to the discharge power control; if there is no normal communication and high-voltage connection in the battery system, For the battery branch, its recharging power is directly controlled to 0.
  • step S220 that is, determining the high-voltage state of each battery branch among the N battery branches, includes: S221, according to the closed battery branch among the N battery branches. Quantity, determine the high voltage status of each battery branch.
  • the MBMU can determine the high-voltage status of each battery branch in the battery system in a non-communication manner and the high-voltage status of the battery branch with normal communication in the battery system. For example, the MBMU can determine the number of closed battery branches in the battery system in a non-communicative manner, and then determine the high-voltage status of each battery branch.
  • a battery system includes two battery branches. MBMU determines through non-communication methods that one battery branch in the battery system is closed and the other battery branch is disconnected, and the MBMU can detect that one of the two battery branches is disconnected. The communication of one battery branch is normal, but the communication of another battery branch is abnormal. According to the parameters reported by the battery branch with normal communication, it can be determined whether the battery branch is closed or open, and further it can be determined whether the other battery branch is closed or open. open.
  • control method further includes: determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches includes: determining the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches based on the detected insulation resistance value.
  • the three most accessible points for drivers are: high-voltage positive electrode, high-voltage negative electrode and the body (i.e. casing).
  • the body ground is insulated from the high-voltage battery, that is, the body ground is insulated from the high-voltage positive electrode, and the body ground is insulated from the high-voltage negative electrode.
  • Figure 7 shows a physical model diagram of battery insulation monitoring.
  • the positive electrode of the battery represents the high-voltage positive electrode
  • the negative electrode of the battery represents the high-voltage negative electrode
  • Rn represents the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage negative electrode and the body ground
  • Rp represents the equivalent resistance between the high-voltage positive electrode and the body ground
  • Vn represents The equivalent voltage between the high-voltage negative pole monitored by the BMS and the body ground
  • Vp represents the equivalent voltage between the high-voltage positive pole monitored by the BMS and the body ground.
  • both Rn and Rp are ⁇ .
  • factors such as high-voltage breakdown, aging, and harsh use environments will cause the reduction of Rn and Rp. Therefore, insulation monitoring is necessary. For example, the insulation resistance values Rn and Rp can be monitored.
  • any resistance value of Rn and Rp is greater than the threshold specified by the national standard, the safety of the human body can be ensured if the human body accidentally touches any two points of the high-voltage positive pole, the high-voltage negative pole, and the body ground. .
  • FIG 8 shows the sampling principle diagram of battery insulation monitoring.
  • R1 and R2 respectively represent high-voltage sampling resistors, and their resistance values are known. The resistance values of Rn and Rp are unknown.
  • K1 represents the sampling MOS tube between the high-voltage positive electrode and the body ground
  • K2 represents the sampling MOS tube between the high-voltage negative electrode and the body ground
  • U represents the battery voltage U0 monitored by the BMS.
  • the circuit composed of R1 and R2 is the insulation sampling module of the battery.
  • the resistance values of Rn and Rp can be calculated according to the following steps: (1) Close K1, open K2, and measure the voltage Vp across Rp; (2) Open K2, close K1, and measure the voltage Vn across Rn; (3) By solving steps (1) and (2), Rn and Rp can be obtained.
  • an insulating sampling module as shown in Figure 8 needs to be set up in each battery branch of the battery system, and it is also necessary to set up an insulating sampling module as shown in Figure 8 on the main road of the battery system.
  • the insulation sampling module determines the number of closed battery branches in the battery system by detecting the insulation resistance value on the trunk line of the battery system by the MBMU.
  • the insulation resistance value detected in the embodiment of the present application may be the insulation resistance value Rn or Rp shown in Figure 7 or Figure 8 .
  • control method further includes: in the event that any battery branch in the battery system has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, control the battery in any battery branch. Switch in the insulation detection module to change the insulation resistance value.
  • faults occurring in battery branch circuits can correspond to different fault levels.
  • the fault that occurs in the battery branch can be level 3, level 5, level 9, level 20, etc.
  • the faults of the battery branch circuit are divided into 9 fault levels. Among them, a level 1 fault indicates the mildest fault, while a level 9 fault indicates the most severe fault.
  • the MBMU can be set to disconnect the battery branch once a level 7 or above fault (including level 7) occurs in the battery branch. At this time, the SBMU of the battery branch can control the positive pole of the insulation detection module in the battery branch.
  • the sampling MOS tube to the ground and the negative pole to the ground sampling MOS tube make the insulation resistance value of the battery branch parallel to the insulation resistance value of the trunk road, thereby changing the insulation resistance value detected by the MBMU, and then the MBMU can detect the The insulation resistance value determined determines the number of closed battery branches in the battery system.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches according to the detected insulation resistance value includes: determining the number of closed battery branches according to the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located. Number of roads.
  • the switch in the insulation detection module in the battery branch is closed, and the insulation resistance of the battery branch is the resistance connected in parallel to the trunk line.
  • the insulation resistance value detected by the MBMU that is, the insulation resistance value on the trunk line, will decrease.
  • the battery system includes 3 battery branches.
  • the insulation resistance detected by MBMU is 700 ⁇ /V; if the battery system has 1 disconnected battery branch, The insulation resistance detected by MBMU is 500 ⁇ /V; if there are two disconnected battery branches in the battery system, the insulation resistance detected by MBMU is 300 ⁇ /V; if there are three disconnected battery branches in the battery system For the battery branch, the insulation resistance detected by MBMU is 100 ⁇ /V.
  • the insulation resistance can be divided into multiple resistance ranges. Different numbers of closed battery branches in the battery system correspond to different insulation resistance ranges. .
  • the number of closed battery branches in the battery system can be determined based on the resistance interval in which the insulation resistance detected by the MBMU is located and the mapping relationship between the internally stored resistance interval and the number of closed battery branches. For example, for a battery system including 3 battery branches, the resistance range [650 ⁇ /V, 750 ⁇ /V] can correspond to 3 closed battery branches, and the resistance range [450 ⁇ /V, 550 ⁇ /V] can correspond to 2 A closed battery branch, the resistance range [250 ⁇ /V, 350 ⁇ /V] corresponds to a closed battery branch.
  • the number of closed battery branches is determined according to the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located, including: when the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the first resistance interval In this case, determine the number of closed battery branches as R1; or if the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the second resistance range, determine the number of closed battery branches as R2; where R1 is less than Or a positive integer equal to N, R2 is a positive integer less than or equal to N. If the minimum value of the first resistance range is greater than the maximum value of the second resistance range, then R1 is greater than R2.
  • the first resistance range here is greater than the second resistance range, which means that the minimum value of the first resistance range is greater than the maximum value of the second resistance range.
  • the first resistance range and the second resistance range are The intervals do not overlap.
  • determining the number of closed battery branches according to the resistance range in which the detected insulation resistance value is located includes: according to the resistance value in which the detected insulation resistance value is located. The interval and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance value is located in the resistance interval determine the number of the closed battery branches.
  • the change in the insulation resistance may be caused by the measurement error rather than the switch in the insulation detection module in the battery branch. caused by closure.
  • the change in the insulation resistance may be caused by the measurement error rather than the switch in the insulation detection module in the battery branch. caused by closure.
  • MBMU detects that the insulation resistance is within the above-mentioned first resistance range, it cannot accurately determine the number of closed battery branches in the battery system as R1. Only MBMU detects that the insulation resistance is within the above-mentioned first resistance range. Only when the duration within the value interval exceeds a certain time can the measurement error be eliminated.
  • the number of closed battery branches in the battery system can be determined as accurately as possible.
  • the number of closed battery branches is determined based on the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance is located and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance is located in the resistance interval. , including: when the duration of the detected insulation resistance value in the resistance range is greater than the time threshold, determining the number of closed battery branches corresponding to the resistance range where the detected insulation resistance value is located quantity.
  • the determined number of battery branches remains the last determined number of battery branches.
  • time threshold can also be an empirical value obtained through multiple tests, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the MBMU may also determine the number of closed battery branches in the battery system based on other detected parameters.
  • the MBMU can use the current sampling unit to detect the current on the main circuit of the battery system and determine the number of closed battery branches in the battery system.
  • a current sampling unit can be set on the main road, and the number of closed battery branches in the battery system can be determined based on the current interval in which the current value on the main road collected by the current sampling unit is located.
  • the MBMU may first determine the communication status of the multiple battery branches. For example, the MBMU can set a counter for each battery branch. Every time the MBMU receives a message sent by the SBMU of a battery branch, it will increase the corresponding counter by 1. If a certain counter does not jump within a certain period of time, Then MBMU thinks that the battery branch corresponding to the counter has a communication abnormality.
  • control method of the battery system according to the embodiment of the present application has been described in detail above.
  • the control device of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • the technical features described in the method embodiments are applicable to the following device embodiments.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of the control device 3000 of the battery system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery system includes N battery branches connected in parallel, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the control device 3000 includes part or all of the following content.
  • the determination module 3100 is configured to determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch among the N battery branches when the communication of at least one battery branch among the N battery branches is abnormal.
  • the control module 3200 is used to perform power control on the battery system according to the high-voltage state of each battery branch.
  • control module 3200 is specifically configured to perform power control on the battery system according to the high-voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch.
  • the control module 3200 includes: a determination unit configured to determine the first voltage of the battery system according to the high voltage status of each battery branch and the communication status of each battery branch. Target discharge power, the first target discharge power is less than the sum of the allowable discharge powers of the N battery branches; the control unit is used to perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when M battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication with the M battery branches is normal, according to the The allowable discharge power of M battery branches determines the first target discharge power, and M is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to determine M times the minimum allowable discharge power among the M allowable discharge powers of the M battery branches as the first target discharge power.
  • the control device further includes: an adjustment module, configured to detect that the K closed battery branches among the N battery branches have faults that cause the battery branches to be disconnected. , the first target discharge power is adjusted to a second target discharge power, and the second target discharge power is less than the first target discharge power, where K is a positive integer less than or equal to N, and the K battery branches Communication abnormality; the control module 3200 is also used to perform power control on the battery system according to the second target discharge power.
  • control module 3200 is further configured to: control the discharge power of the battery system to decrease from the first target discharge power to the second target discharge power within a first time interval.
  • control module 3200 is further configured to: when controlling the battery system with the second target discharge power for a second time interval, restore the second target discharge power to the First target discharge power; perform power control on the battery system according to the first target discharge power.
  • the time interval is determined based on the fault levels existing in the K battery branches, and different fault levels correspond to different fault operations.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: obtain a single battery when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal.
  • the allowable discharge power of the branch P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is a positive integer less than or equal to N; according to the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch, determine the first Target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: determine the first target based on the fault level of each battery branch among the P battery branches and the allowable discharge power of the single battery branch. Discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when the fault level of at least one battery branch among the P battery branches indicates that the discharge power is limited, the allowable limit of the single branch The discharge power is determined as the first target discharge power.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: based on the temperature and state of charge SOC of the battery system before the communication abnormality of the last battery branch among the P battery branches with abnormal communication, Get the allowable discharge power of this single branch.
  • the determination unit is specifically configured to: when P battery branches among the N battery branches are closed and the communication of the P battery branches is abnormal, according to the preset
  • the limited power is to determine the first target discharge power.
  • the limited power refers to the power of the battery system under abnormal operation.
  • P is the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches, and P is less than Or a positive integer equal to N.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to determine P times the preset limit power as the first target discharge power.
  • the limited power is a limp power, which refers to limiting the discharge power of the battery system to a power that can only limp.
  • control module 3200 is also configured to: when it is detected that any of the P battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, the first battery branch is disconnected.
  • a target discharge power is adjusted to a third target discharge power, and the third target discharge power is smaller than the first target discharge power; power control is performed on the battery system according to the third target discharge power.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to determine the high-voltage state of each battery branch according to the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the determination module 3100 is also used to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches based on the detected insulation resistance value.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches according to the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to: determine the value of the closed battery branch among the N battery branches when the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the first resistance interval.
  • the number is R1; or if the detected insulation resistance value belongs to the second resistance range, determine the number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches to be R2; where R1 is a positive number less than or equal to N.
  • R2 is a positive integer less than or equal to N. If the minimum value of the first resistance range is greater than the maximum value of the second resistance range, then R1 is greater than R2.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to: determine based on the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located and the duration during which the detected insulation resistance value is located in the resistance interval. The number of closed battery branches among the N battery branches.
  • the determination module 3100 is specifically configured to: when the detected insulation resistance value is in the resistance range for a duration greater than a time threshold, the N battery branches are The number of closed battery branches is determined as the number corresponding to the resistance interval in which the detected insulation resistance value is located.
  • control module 3200 is also configured to: when any battery branch among the N battery branches has a fault that causes the battery branch to be disconnected, control any one of the N battery branches.
  • the switch in the insulation detection module in the battery branch is used to change the insulation resistance value.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery system, including N battery branches connected in parallel and the control device 3000 shown in FIG. 9 , where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • FIG 10 shows a schematic block diagram of the control device 4000 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control device 4000 includes a processor 4010 and a memory 4020, where the memory 4020 is used to store instructions, and the processor 4010 is used to read instructions and execute the methods of various embodiments of the present application based on the instructions.
  • the memory 4020 may be a separate device independent of the processor 4010, or may be integrated into the processor 4010.
  • control device 4000 can also include a transceiver 4030, and the processor 4010 can control the transceiver 4030 to communicate with other devices. For example, you can send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data from other devices.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip and has signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the above method embodiment can be completed through an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other available processors.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in this field.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced SDRAM ESDRAM
  • Synchlink DRAM SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the control device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the control device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of simplicity, here No longer.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the control device in the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the control device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the control device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control device in the embodiment of the present application
  • the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the control device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program.
  • the computer program can be applied to the control device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run on the computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the control device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program For the sake of simplicity , which will not be described in detail here.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池系统的控制方法和控制装置,该电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,该控制方法包括:在该N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态;根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。本申请实施例的控制方法和控制装置,有利于提高电池系统的安全性。

Description

电池系统的控制方法和控制装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种电池系统的控制方法和控制装置。
背景技术
目前,用电装置中的电池系统大多采用多电池支路并联的形式,来满足用电装置的容量和性能要求。在出现电池支路通讯异常的情况下,如何完成电池系统的功率控制暂时还没有相关方案。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电池系统的控制方法和控制装置,有利于提高电池系统的安全性。
第一方面,提供了一种电池系统的控制方法,其特征在于,该电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,该控制方法包括:在该N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态;根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,对于由多个电池支路并联的电池系统,在至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态,并且基于该每个电池支路的高压状态,对电池系统进行功率控制,有利于避免电池支路过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制,包括:根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,根据每个电池支路的高压状态和每个电池支路的通讯状态,可以更加准确地实现对电池系统的功率控制,进而可以避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支 路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制,包括:根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,该第一目标放电功率小于该N个电池支路的允许放电功率之和;根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,在电池系统中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,对电池系统进行降功率控制,有利于避免电池支路出现过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,包括:在该N个电池支路中有M个电池支路闭合且该M个电池支路的通讯正常的情况下,根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,M为小于或等于N的正整数。
在该实施例中,只要电池系统中存在通讯正常且闭合的电池支路,MBMU直接不考虑通讯异常和/或断开的电池支路的放电功率,可以避免通讯异常前电池支路是闭合的而在行车过程中电池支路异常断开后却依然认为电池支路闭合,导致其他真实闭合的电池支路过放、过流或者损坏电池,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:将该M个电池支路的M个允许放电功率中的最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:在检测到该N个电池支路中闭合的K个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第二目标放电功率,该第二目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率,其中,K为小于或等于N的正整数,该K个电池支路的通讯异常;根据该第二目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,在检测到电池系统中通信异常且闭合的电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障时,对该电池系统进行降功率控制,可以避免电池支路断开时对其他闭合的电池支路的继电器形成冲击粘连、寿命缩短或对电芯造成损害的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:控制该电池系统的放电功率在第一时间间隔内从该第一目标放电功率下降至该第二目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,该电池系统的放电功率可以在预定时间内从第一目标放电功率缓慢下降至第二目标放电功率,这样可以避免放电功率变化过快导致对闭合的电池支 路的影响。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:在以该第二目标放电功率控制该电池系统持续第二时间间隔的情况下,将该第二目标放电功率恢复至该第一目标放电功率;根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,在采用下调的第二目标放电功率控制电池系统持续预定时间的情况下,将该电池系统的放电功率恢复至第一目标放电功率,能够增强电池系统的可用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该时间间隔是基于该K个电池支路存在的故障等级确定的,不同的故障等级对应不同的故障操作。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数;根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,MBMU基于获取到的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率,有利于避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,结合P个闭合的电池支路的故障等级和所获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:在该P个电池支路中存在至少一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率的情况下,将该单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,只要该P个电池支路中有一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率,就将所获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率,从而可以避免电池支路过放、过流或电池损坏等问题,提高电池系统的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,包括:根据 该P个电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前的该电池系统的温度和荷电状态SOC,获取该单个支路的允许放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数。
在该实施例中,在电池系统中的所有闭合的电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定第一目标放电功率,有利于避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:将该预设的限制功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该限制功率为跛行功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:在检测到该P个电池支路中任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第三目标放电功率,该第三目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率;根据该第三目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,在检测到电池系统中通信异常且闭合的电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障时,可以对该电池系统进行降功率控制,可以避免电池支路断开时对其他闭合的电池支路的继电器形成冲击粘连、寿命缩短或对电芯造成损害的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态,包括:根据该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,确定该每个电池支路的高压状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该N个 电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第一阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R1;或者在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第二阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R2;其中,R1为小于或等于N的正整数,R2为小于或等于N的正整数,若第一阻值区间的最小值大于第二阻值区间的最大值,则R1大于R2。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在该实施例中,通过考虑检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,能够尽可能准确地确定出电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该根据该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:在该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间大于时间阈值的情况下,将该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量确定为该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间对应的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制方法还包括:在该N个电池支路中的任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,控制该任一电池支路中的绝缘检测模块中的开关以改变该绝缘阻值。
第二方面,提供了一种电池系统的控制装置,其特征在于,该电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,该控制装置包括:确定模块,用于在该N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态;控制模块,用于根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制模块具体用于:根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制模块具体用于:确定单元,用于根据该每个 电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,该第一目标放电功率小于该N个电池支路的允许放电功率之和;控制单元,用于根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有M个电池支路闭合且该M个电池支路的通讯正常的情况下,根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,M为小于或等于N的正整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:将该M个电池支路的M个允许放电功率中的最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制装置还包括:调整模块,用于在该N个电池支路中闭合的K个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第二目标放电功率,该第二目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率,其中,K为小于或等于N的正整数,该K个电池支路的通讯异常;该控制模块还用于:根据该第二目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式,该控制模块还用于:控制该电池系统的放电功率在第一时间间隔内从该第一目标放电功率下降至该第二目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式,该控制模块还用于:在以该第二目标放电功率控制该电池系统持续第二时间间隔的情况下,将该第二目标放电功率恢复至该第一目标放电功率,以及根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该时间间隔是基于该K个电池支路存在的故障等级确定的,不同的故障等级对应不同的故障操作。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数;根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:在该P个电池支路中存在至少一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率的情况下,将该单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:根据该P个电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前的该电池系统的温度和荷电状态SOC,获取该单个支路的允许放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定单元具体用于:将该预设的限制功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该限制功率为跛行功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制装置还包括:调整模块,用于在检测到该P个电池支路中任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第三目标放电功率,该第三目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率;控制模块还用于:根据该第三目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:根据该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,确定该每个电池支路的高压状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块还用于:确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第一阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R1;或者在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第二阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R2;其中,R1为小于或等于N的正整数,R2为小于或等于N的正整数,若第一阻值区间的最小值大于第二阻值区间的最大值,则R1大于R2。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:根据该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,确定该N个电池 支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该确定模块具体用于:在该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间大于时间阈值的情况下,将该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量确定为该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间对应的数量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,该控制模块还用于:在该N个电池支路中的任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,控制该任一电池支路中的绝缘检测模块中的开关以改变该绝缘阻值。
第三方面,提供了一种电池系统,包括并联的N个电池支路和上述第二方面及其任一种可能的实现方式中的控制装置,N为大于1的正整数。
第四方面,提供了一种电池系统的控制装置,该电池系统包括并联的多个电池支路,该控制装置包括存储器和处理器,该存储器用于存储指令,该处理器用于读取该指令并基于该指令执行第一方面及其第一方面任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第五方面,提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,用于存储计算机程序,该计算机程序使得计算机执行第一方面及其第一方面任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面,提供了一种计算机程序产品,包括计算机程序指令,该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行第一方面及其第一方面任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例所使用的电池系统的示意性框图。
图2是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制方法的示意性框图。
图3是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制方法的另一示意性框图。
图4是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制方法的再一示意性框图。
图5是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制方法的又一示意性框图。
图6是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制方法的其他示意性框图。
图7示出了电池的绝缘监测的物理模型图。
图8示出了电池的绝缘监测的采样原理图。
图9是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制装置的示意性框图。
图10是本申请实施例公开的电池系统的控制装置的另一示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理,但不能用来限制本申请的范围,即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个以上;术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直,而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行,而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向,并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在新能源领域中,动力电池可作为用电装置(例如车辆、船舶或航天器等)的主要动力源,其重要性不言而喻。为了满足用电装置的容量和性能要求,用电装置中的电池系统大多采用多电池支路并联的形式,并且每个电池支路可以与电池系统的主控之间进行通讯,以传输电池支路的相关数据。通常,电池系统中一旦存在电池支路的通讯异常,就会被迫停止工作。例如,对于用电装置中的电池系统而言,一旦存在电池支路的通讯异常,就会导致用电装置无法启动直接趴窝。
为了提高电池系统的鲁棒性,申请人发现在出现电池支路通讯异常的情况下,只要电池系统中仍然存在电池支路闭合,就可以控制电池系统上高压。而在这种情况下,而在这种情况下,需要对电池系统进行一些相应的控制,以保证电池系统的性能。 例如,功率控制。例如,在通讯异常之前,某个电池支路是闭合的,而通讯异常之后,该电池支路断开,但由于电池系统的主控并不知道该电池支路断开,在对电池系统进行功率控制时仍然考虑了该电池支路,则有可能会使得该电池系统中其他电池支路出现过放的问题;再例如,在通讯之前,某个电池支路是断开的,而通讯异常之后,该电池支路闭合,但由于电池系统的主控并不知道该电池支路闭合,在对电池系统进行功率控制时依旧没有考虑该电池支路,则可能会导致该电池系统的可用性不强。
有鉴于此,本申请实施例提供了一种电池系统的控制方法和控制装置,对于由多个电池支路并联的电池系统,在至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态,并且基于该每个电池支路的高压状态,对电池系统进行功率控制,有利于提高电池系统的性能。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的一种电池系统的高压架构拓扑图。
如图1所示,该电池系统100可以包括:并联的多个电池支路,例如,电池支路1101,……,电池支路110N。可选地,每个电池支路可以包括电池,多个电池支路中的电池并联,例如,图1中的电池1111,….,电池111N并联在一起。可选地,每个电池支路内还可以设置继电器,例如,继电器1151,……,继电器115N。可选地,同一个电池支路中,继电器可以与电池的负极串联,用于控制电池与整车系统的高压连接与断开,即继电器用于控制电池支路的闭合或断开。可选地,电池支路内还可以设置直流/直流(direct current/direct current,DC/DC)转换器,例如,DC/DC转换器1121,……,DC/DC转换器112N。DC/DC转换器用于将电池支路内的高压转换为低压给电器件及硬件提供低电压。可选地,电池支路内还可以设置有电芯监控(cell supervisory control,CSC)单元,用于采集电池的电芯电压和电芯温度。例如,CSC1131,……,CSC 113N。可选地,电池支路内部还可以设置电流采样单元,用于采集电池的电流。
可选地,该电池系统100还可以包括:主继电器120,该主继电器120设置在多个电池支路并联之后的母线上,用于控制电池系统100与整车系统的高压连接与断开。
可选地,该电池系统100还包括预充继电器130和预充电阻140,用于进行上高压预充。
可选地,电池系统100内还设置有主电池管理单元150(master battery  management unit,MBMU)。电池支路内设置有从电池管理单元(slave battery management unit,SBMU),例如,SBMU 1141,…..,SBMU 114N。MBMU与SBMU相互通讯,MBMU 150可以周期性地从SBMU 114获取电池支路的电流值、电芯电压、继电器状态以及功率等状态参数。其中,MBMU 150与SBMU之间的通讯方式不限于无线蓝牙、CAN总线、以太网、5G网络通讯等方式。
在一些实施例中,SBMU可利用对应电池支路的电池管理系统(Battery Management System,BMS)来实现;MBMU 150可以通过电池断路单元(Battery Disconnect Unit,BDU)的控制模块来实现,也可以通过其中一个电池支路的BMS来实现。
图2示出了本申请实施例的电池系统的控制方法200的示意性框图。该电池系统可以包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数。该电池系统可以对应于图1所示的电池系统100,该控制方法200可以由该电池系统100中的控制装置执行,例如,该控制方法200可以由电池系统100中的MBMU执行。再例如,该控制方法200可以由电池系统100中的MBMU和SBMU共同执行。可选地,如图2所示,该控制方法200可以包括如下部分或全部内容。
S210,在该N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态。
S220,根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
电池支路的通讯正常或异常是指该电池支路的SBMU与MBMU之间的通讯正常或异常。若电池支路的通讯正常,MBMU可以接收到SBMU发送的关于该电池支路的各种状态参数,例如,电流值、电芯电压、继电器状态、SOC以及允许的充放电功率等。若电池支路的通讯异常,MBMU无法通过SBMU获取到该电池支路的各种状态参数。
另外,电池支路的高压状态可以包括该电池支路的闭合或断开。例如,该电池支路的闭合或断开可以是指该电池支路中的继电器的闭合或断开。可选地,该电池支路的闭合也可以称为是电池支路高压连接,该电池支路的断开也可以称为是电池支路高压断开。
当电池系统中存在至少一个电池支路的通讯异常时,即MBMU无法通过SBMU获取至少一个电池支路的状态参数,此时,对于MBMU而言,该通讯异常的至 少一个电池支路的高压状态无法通过通讯方式未知。MBMU可以先采用特定方式确定该电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态,进而MBMU可以基于确定的每个电池支路的高压状态,对电池系统进行功率控制。例如,MBMU可以根据电池支路闭合的数量,对电池系统进行功率控制。若电池支路闭合的数量为0,则MBMU可以控制电池系统不放电;若电池系统中的全部电池支路均闭合,则MBMU可以对电池系统进行一定的降功率控制。可选地,对电池系统进行功率控制可以包括:确定电池系统的放电功率或者回充功率。
因此,在该实施例中,对于由多个电池支路并联的电池系统,在至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态,并且基于该每个电池支路的高压状态,对电池系统进行功率控制,有利于避免电池支路过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
可选地,如图3所示,S220,即根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制,包括:S310,根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
MBMU可以先确定每个电池支路的高压状态和每个电池支路的通讯状态,将电池系统的所有电池支路划分为通讯正常且闭合的电池支路、通讯异常且闭合的电池支路、通讯正常且断开的电池支路以及通讯异常且断开的电池支路等四大类,并基于该四大类对电池系统进行功率控制。例如,若电池系统中存在通讯正常且闭合的电池支路,则MBMU可以直接基于该通讯正常且闭合的电池支路的SBMU上报的允许放电功率,对电池系统进行功率控制。再例如,若电池系统中不存在通讯正常且闭合的电池支路,但存在通讯异常且闭合的电池支路,则MBMU可以基于获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率或者预设的限制功率,对电池系统进行功率控制。
在该实施例中,根据每个电池支路的高压状态和每个电池支路的通讯状态,可以更加准确地实现对电池系统的功率控制,进而可以避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
可选地,继续参见图3,该步骤S310,即根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制,包括:S410,根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,该第一目标放电功率小于该N个电池支路的允许放电功率之和;S420,根据该第 一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
上述实施例提到,对电池系统的功率控制可以包括确定电池系统的放电功率。由于电池系统中存在至少一个电池支路的通讯异常,故MBMU可以根据每个电池支路的高压状态和每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定第一目标放电功率,该第一目标放电功率小于电池系统的所有电池支路的允许放电功率之和。可选地,该电池系统的所有电池支路的允许放电功率之和可以是通讯正常的电池支路的SMBMU上报的允许放电功率以及通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前SMBMU上报的允许放电功率之和。MBMU根据该第一目标放电功率对电池系统进行功率控制,即控制电池系统以小于或等于该第一目标放电功率的功率进行放电。应理解,MBMU可以周期性地确定电池系统的目标放电功率,本实施例中的第一目标放电功率以及后续实施例中涉及的第二目标放电功率、第三目标放电功率可以理解为不同时刻确定的电池系统的目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,在电池系统中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,根据所确定的小于该电池系统所包括的所有电池支路的允许放电功率之和的第一目标放电功率,对电池系统进行功率控制,有利于避免电池支路出现过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
可选地,继续参见图3,该步骤S410,即根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,包括:S510,在该N个电池支路中有M个电池支路闭合且该M个电池支路的通讯正常的情况下,根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,M为小于或等于N的正整数。
若该电池系统中存在有M个电池支路通讯正常且闭合,则MBMU可以直接根据该M个电池支路的SBMU上报的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率。即MBMU直接剔除了其他通讯异常和/或断开的电池支路的放电功率,将电池系统的放电功率限制为至少小于或等于该M个电池支路的允许放电功率之和。
在该实施例中,只要电池系统中存在通讯正常且闭合的电池支路,MBMU直接不考虑通讯异常和/或断开的电池支路的放电功率,可以避免通讯异常前电池支路是闭合的而在行车过程中电池支路异常断开后却依然认为电池支路闭合,导致其他电池支路真实闭合的电池支路过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
进一步参见图3,该步骤S510,即根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S610,将该M个电池支路的M个允许放电功率中的最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
由于该M个电池支路闭合且通讯正常,MBMU可以获取到该M个电池支路的SBMU上报的允许放电功率,即MBMU可以获取M个允许放电功率。进一步地,MBMU可以对该M个允许放电功率进行从大到小或从小到大的排序,从中选择最小允许放电功率,并把该最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。可选地,MBMU也可以基于其他规则,根据获取的M个允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率,本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:在检测到该N个电池支路中闭合的K个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第二目标放电功率,该第二目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率,其中,K为小于或等于N的正整数,该K个电池支路的通讯异常;根据该第二目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
上文提到,MBMU可以周期性地确定电池系统的放电功率,即MBMU在某一时刻确定该电池系统的放电功率为第一目标放电功率,MBMU可以继续结合电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态确定该电池系统在下一时刻的放电功率。或者,MBMU也可以结合电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态和每个电池系统的通讯状态确定该电池系统在下一时刻的放电功率。上文也提到,在某一时刻,电池系统中既存在通讯正常且闭合的电池支路,也会存在通讯异常且闭合的电池支路,若在下一时刻,该电池系统中的通讯异常且闭合的至少一个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障,MBMU可以下调该电池系统的放电功率,即将电池系统的放电功率从第一目标放电功率下调为第二目标放电功率,并进一步控制电池系统在该第二目标放电功率内放电。
通常,MBMU根据电池支路所发生的故障来确定是否断开电池支路。电池支路所发生的故障可以对应不同故障等级。例如,电池支路所发生的故障可以为3级、5级、9级、20级等。举例来说,电池支路所发生的故障划分为5个故障等级。其中,1级故障表示故障最轻,而5级故障等级表示故障最严重。不同故障等级可以对应不同的故障操作。例如,可以设置3级故障等级指示需要对该电池支路进行降功率控制,此时,为了避免该电池支路对其他闭合的电池支路的影响,可以直接将该电池支路断 开。5级故障等级则指示发生了碰撞故障,需要立即断开该电池支路。4级故障等级则位于3级故障等级与5级故障等级之间,例如,可以指示发生了需要断开电池支路的故障,但是并非立即断开,而是延时一段时间后再断开。MBMU可以设置一旦电池支路发生了3级以上(包括3级)的故障,就控制该电池支路断开。
在该实施例中,在检测到电池系统中通信异常且闭合的电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障时,对该电池系统进行降功率控制,可以避免电池支路断开时对其他闭合的电池支路的继电器形成冲击粘连、寿命缩短或对电芯造成损害的问题。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:控制该电池系统的放电功率在第一时间间隔内从该第一目标放电功率下降至该第二目标放电功率。
也就是说,该电池系统的放电功率可以在预定时间内从第一目标放电功率缓慢下降至第二目标放电功率,这样可以避免放电功率变化过快导致对闭合的电池支路的影响。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:在以该第二目标放电功率控制该电池系统持续第二时间间隔的情况下,将该第二目标放电功率恢复至该第一目标放电功率;根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在电池系统的放电功率下降至第二目标放电功率且持续预定时间的情况下,可以将电池系统的放电功率恢复至第一目标放电功率。由于在采用下调的第二目标放电功率控制电池系统持续预定时间的情况下,该电池系统的状态已经足够稳定,此时,为了增强电池系统的可用性,可以将该电池系统的放电功率恢复至第一目标放电功率对电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,第一时间间隔或者第二时间间隔可以是经验值。可选地,该第一时间间隔和第二时间间隔可以是基于电池支路的故障等级确定的,不同的故障等级对应不同的故障操作。例如,可以根据经验提前预设电池支路的不同故障等级对应不同的第一时间间隔或者第二时间间隔,当MBMU获取到上述通信异常且闭合的电池支路的故障等级时,可以确定与该故障等级对应的第一时间间隔和第二时间间隔。
可选地,参见图3,在一种实施例中,该步骤S410,即根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S710,在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,通过 获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数;S720,根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,通讯正常的电池支路断开,而闭合的电池支路通讯异常,这就使得MBMU所能够获取的允许放电功率是属于断开的电池支路的,而断开的电池支路是MBMU在对电池系统进行功率控制时不需要考虑的电池支路,相反地,MBMU在对电池系统进行功率控制时所需要考虑的闭合电池支路的允许放电功率则是无法从SMBMU实时获取到。在此情况下,MBMU可以通过一定的方式获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,并基于该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率。例如,MBMU可以基于一定的参数查表获取该单个电池支路的允许放电功率。再例如,MBMU可以基于一定的参数计算获取该单个电池支路的允许放电功率。需要说明的是,该实施例获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率并不是某个闭合的电池支路的实时允许放电功率,而是MBMU基于通讯异常前能够获取到的参数获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率。
在该实施例中,MBMU基于获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率,有利于避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题。
可选地,继续参见图3,该步骤S720,即根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S810,根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
通常情况下,MBMU确定有P个闭合的电池支路,就将所确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。正如上面提到的,这P个闭合的电池支路可能会存各种不同等级的故障,从而导致该P个闭合的电池支路中某些电池支路需要对放电功率进行限制。在这种情况下,若仍然将单个电池支路的允许放电功率的P倍确定为第一目标放电功率,可能会造成某些电池支路过放。故在该实施例中,结合P个闭合的电池支路的故障等级和所确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定第一目标放电功率,从而可以提高电池系统的安全性。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,在该P个电池支路中存在L个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率,MBMU可以将获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率的(P-L)倍确定为该第一目标放电功率,L为小于或等于P的正整数。
例如,若电池系统包括2个电池支路,该2个电池支路均闭合并且通讯异常,MBMU基于最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前上报的参数确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率为A,此时,若检测到其中一个电池支路存在限制放电功率的故障,例如,将放电功率限制为允许放电功率的50%,若此时仍然按照A*2=2A的功率对电池系统进行放电,就会造成限制放电功率的电池支路的过放,因此,在确定第一目标放电功率时可以直接将存在限制放电功率的故障的电池支路排除,只考虑不存在限制放电功率的故障的电池支路即可。
可选地,如图3所示,在一种示例中,该步骤S810,即根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S811,在该P个电池支路中存在至少一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率的情况下,将该单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,只要该P个电池支路中有一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率,就将获取的单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率,从而可以避免电池支路过放、过流或电池损坏等问题,提高电池系统的安全性。
例如,若电池系统包括3个电池支路,该3个电池支路均闭合并且通讯异常,MBMU基于最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前上报的参数确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率为B,此时,若检测到其中一个电池支路存在限制放电功率的故障,例如,将放电功率限制为允许放电功率的50%。由于MBMU是基于通讯异常前的参数确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,并非实时允许放电功率,虽然此时有2个电池支路不存在限制放电功率的故障,但为了考虑到所确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率与电池支路的实时允许放电功率之间的差异,可以直接将第一目标放电功率确定为所确定的单个电池支路的允许放电功率,而并非该单个电池支路的允许放电功率的2倍,从而可以避免电池支路过放、过流或者电池损坏等问题,提高电池系统的安全性。
可选地,如图3所示,该步骤S710,即获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,包括:S711,根据该P个电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前该电池系统的温度和荷电状态SOC,获取该单个支路的允许放电功率。
上文提到,MBMU可以基于在闭合的电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前获取到的电池系统的参数获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率。该参数例如可以是温度和荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)。例如,MBMU内部可以存储温 度和SOC与放电功率之间的映射表,MBMU一旦确定所有闭合的电池支路的通讯异常,就基于最后一个通讯异常的闭合电池支路在通讯异常前的电池系统的温度和SOC,查找该映射表,从而找到对应的放电功率,该放电功率即为单个电池支路的允许放电功率。
可选地,如图3所示,在另一种实施例中,该步骤S410,即根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S910,在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数。
首先,需要说明的是,限制功率可以是指电池系统处于非正常运行下仍能保证用电装置的基本运行的功率。例如,用电装置在正常运行下时速能够达到200km/h,而用电装置在基本运行下时速最高达到100km/h。可选地,该限制功率可以为跛行功率,跛行功率是指将电池系统的放电功率限制为仅能够使用电装置跛行的功率。可选地,该跛行功率可以是该限制功率的下限。通常,MBMU可以预设限制功率,该预设的限制功率可以是经验值。
在该实施例中,通讯正常的电池支路断开,而闭合的电池支路通讯异常,这就使得MBMU所能够获取的允许放电功率是属于断开的电池支路的,断开的电池支路是MBMU在对电池系统进行功率控制时不需要考虑的电池支路,相反地,MBMU在对电池系统进行功率控制时所需要考虑的闭合电池支路的允许放电功率则是无法获取到的。在此情况下,MBMU可以根据预设的限制功率,确定第一目标放电功率。
在该实施例中,在电池系统中的所有闭合的电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定第一目标放电功率,在避免电池支路发生过放、过流或者损坏电池等问题的同时,仍能保证用电装置的基本运行,从而使得电池系统能够发挥出最佳性能。
可选地,继续参见图3,该步骤S910,即根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,包括:S911,将该预设的限制功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
与上述实施例类似,MBMU确定有P个闭合的电池支路,就将预设的限制功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。例如,若电池系统包括2个电池支路,该2个电池支路均闭合并且通讯异常,若预设的限制功率为C,则该第一目标放电功率可以 为C*2=2C。再例如,若该电池系统包括3个电池支路,其中,有1个电池支路闭合,另外2个电池支路断开,闭合的电池支路的通讯异常,若预设的限制功率为C,则该第一目标放电功率可以为C。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:在检测到该P个电池支路中任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第三目标放电功率,该第三目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率;根据该第三目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
在电池系统中的所有闭合的电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,在基于上述各种实施例确定第一目标放电功率之后,若进一步检测到上述P个闭合的电池支路中有任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障,则需要进一步下调该第一目标放电功率,即MBMU可以在小于第一目标放电功率的第三放电功率之内控制电池系统放电。
在该实施例中,在检测到电池系统中通信异常且闭合的电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障时,可以对该电池系统进行降功率控制,可以避免电池支路断开时对其他闭合的电池支路的继电器形成冲击粘连、寿命缩短或对电芯造成损害的问题。
下面将结合图4和图5详细描述双电池支路的电池系统的功率控制的示意性架构图。图4描述了双电池支路的电池系统中单电池支路通讯异常的情况下,MBMU的一种功率控制示意图。而图5描述了双电池支路的电池系统中双电池支路通讯异常的情况下,MBMU的一种功率控制示意图。
如图4所示,当双电池支路的电池系统满足一个电池支路通讯正常且高压连接,而另一个电池支路通讯异常且高压连接时,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为通讯正常且高压连接的电池支路的允许放电功率;在检测到通讯异常且高压连接的电池支路存在高等级故障(例如,导致电池支路断开的故障),则MBMU将电池系统的放电功率限制为D,D为预设的限制功率,功率下降时间为第一时间间隔,在放电功率限制为D之后持续第二时间间隔则MBMU将电池系统的放电功率恢复至通讯正常且高压连接的电池支路的允许放电功率。
继续参见图4,当双电池支路的电池系统满足一个电池支路通讯正常且高压断开,另一个电池支路通讯异常且高压连接时,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为E,E为预设的限制功率;在进一步检测到通讯异常且高压连接的电池支路存在高等级故障,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为0,即置位无支路可用故障。
如图5所示,当双电池支路的电池系统满足一个电池支路通讯异常且高压连接,另一个电池支路也通讯异常且高压连接时,则MBMU可以根据最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前的电池系统的温度和SOC查表获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,并将电池系统的放电功率限制为该查表获取的允许放电功率;进一步地,若检测到任一电池支路存在高等级故障,则MBMU将电池系统的放电功率限制为F,F为预设的限制功率,功率下降时间为第三时间间隔;若检测到所有电池支路都存在高等级故障,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为0,即置位无支路可用故障。
继续参见图5,当双电池支路的电池系统满足一个电池支路通讯异常且高压断开,另一个电池支路通讯异常且高压连接时,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为G,G为预设的限制功率;进一步地,若检测到通讯异常且高压连接的电池支路存在高等级故障,则MBMU可以将电池系统的放电功率限制为0,即置位无支路可用故障。
上文提到,对电池系统进行功率控制,除了包括对电池系统的放电功率进行控制,还可以包括对电池系统的回充功率进行控制。以三个电池支路的电池系统为例,若该电池系统存在通讯正常且高压连接的电池支路,其回充功率控制可以参考放电功率控制;若该电池系统中不存在通讯正常且高压连接的电池支路,其回充功率直接控制为0。
可选地,如图6所示,该步骤S220,即确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态,包括:S221,根据该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,确定该每个电池支路的高压状态。
上述实施例描述到,MBMU可以以非通讯方式以及该电池系统中通讯正常的电池支路的高压状态,一起确定电池系统中每个电池支路的高压状态。例如,MBMU可以以非通讯方式确定该电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量,并进而确定每个电池支路的高压状态。例如,电池系统包括2个电池支路,MBMU通过非通讯方式确定该电池系统中有一个电池支路闭合,另外一个电池支路断开,并且MBMU可以检测到两个电池支路中一个电池支路的通讯正常,另一个电池支路的通讯异常,根据通讯正常的电池支路上报的参数,可以确定该电池支路是闭合还是断开,进一步就可以确定另一个电池支路是闭合或断开。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:确定该N个电池支路中闭合 的电池支路的数量。
进一步地,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
下面先简单介绍一下电池的绝缘检测原理。
以电池应用于车辆为例,对于驾驶员而言,最容易接触到的三个点是:高压正极、高压负极以及车身(即壳体)。理想情况下,车身地与高压电池之间是绝缘的,即车身地与高压正极之间以及车身地与高压负极之间是绝缘的。图7示出了电池的绝缘监测的物理模型图。如图7所示,电池的正极代表高压正极,电池的负极代表高压负极,Rn代表高压负极与车身地之间的等效电阻,Rp代表高压正极与车身地之间的等效电阻,Vn代表BMS监测到的高压负极与车身地之间的等效电压,Vp代表BMS监测到的高压正极与车身地之间的等效电压。理想情况下,Rn和Rp均为∞。但由于高压击穿、老化、使用环境恶劣等因素会造成Rn和Rp的减少。因此,绝缘监测是必要的。例如,可以监测绝缘阻值Rn和Rp,只要Rn和Rp中的任一个电阻值大于国标规定的阈值,那么人体误碰到高压正极、高压负极以及车身地的任意两点都可以保证人体的安全。
图8示出了电池的绝缘监测的采样原理图。如图8所示,R1和R2分别代表高压采样电阻,其阻值已知。Rn和Rp的阻值未知,K1代表高压正极与车身地之间的采样MOS管,K2代表高压负极与车身地之间的采样MOS管,U代表BMS监测到的电池的电压U0。其中,由R1和R2组成的电路即为电池的绝缘采样模块。按照以下步骤即可计算Rn和Rp的阻值:(1)闭合K1,断开K2,测得Rp两端的电压Vp;(2)断开K2,闭合K1,可以测得Rn两端的电压Vn;(3)通过对步骤(1)和步骤(2)的求解,可以得到Rn和Rp。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,需要在电池系统的每个电池支路内设置如图8所示的绝缘采样模块,并且还需要在电池系统的干路上也设置如图8所示的绝缘采样模块,通过由MBMU检测该电池系统的干路上的绝缘阻值来确定该电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。可选地,本申请实施例中所检测到的绝缘阻值可以是图7或图8所示的绝缘阻值Rn或者Rp。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制方法还包括:在该电池系统中的任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,控制该任一电池支路中的绝缘检测模块 中的开关以改变该绝缘阻值。
上文提到,电池支路所发生的故障可以对应不同故障等级。例如,电池支路所发生的故障可以为3级、5级、9级、20级等。举例来说,将电池支路的故障划分为9个故障等级。其中,1级故障表示故障最轻,而9级故障等级表示故障最严重。MBMU可以设置一旦电池支路发生了7级以上(包括7级)的故障,电池支路就断开,此时可以由该电池支路的SBMU控制该电池支路内的绝缘检测模块中的正极对地的采样MOS管和负极对地的采样MOS管,使得该电池支路的绝缘阻值并联至干路上的绝缘阻值,从而改变了由MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值,进而MBMU可以根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该闭合的电池支路的数量。
上述实施例提到,在某个电池支路断开时,该电池支路内的绝缘检测模块中的开关是闭合的,并且该电池支路的绝缘阻值是并联至干路上的阻值,根据并联电路的原理可知,由MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值,即干路上的绝缘阻值是会减小的。例如,电池系统包括3个电池支路,若该电池系统不存在断开的电池支路,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值为700Ω/V;若该电池系统存在1个断开的电池支路,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值为500Ω/V;若该电池系统中存在2个断开的电池支路,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值为300Ω/V;若该电池系统中存在3个断开的电池支路,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值为100Ω/V。
经过多次测试,申请人发现,对于同一种电池系统,可以将绝缘阻值划分为多个阻值区间,电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量不同对应的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间不同。可以根据MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及内部存储的阻值区间与闭合的电池支路的数量之间的映射关系,确定该电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量。例如,包括3个电池支路的电池系统,阻值区间[650Ω/V,750Ω/V]可以对应3个闭合的电池支路,阻值区间[450Ω/V,550Ω/V]可以对应2个闭合的电池支路,阻值区间[250Ω/V,350Ω/V]对应1个闭合的电池支路。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第一阻值区间的情况下,确 定该闭合的电池支路的数量为R1;或者在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第二阻值区间的情况下,确定该闭合的电池支路的数量为R2;其中,R1为小于或等于N的正整数,R2为小于或等于N的正整数,若第一阻值区间的最小值大于第二阻值区间的最大值,则R1大于R2。
上面也提到了,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值越小,断开的电池支路越多;相反地,MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值越小,闭合的电池支路越少;而MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值越大,闭合的电池支路越多。需要说明的是,此处的第一阻值区间大于第二阻值区间,是指第一阻值区间的最小值大于第二阻值区间的最大值,第一阻值区间与第二阻值区间不重叠。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定所述闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:根据所述检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及所述检测到的绝缘阻值位于所述阻值区间的持续时间,确定所述闭合的电池支路的数量。
若MBMU检测到的绝缘阻值位于某个阻值区间所持续的时间较短,则该绝缘阻值的改变可能是由于测量误差引起的,而并非是电池支路内的绝缘检测模块中的开关闭合所引起的。换言之,即便MBMU检测到绝缘阻值位于上述第一阻值区间,也并不能准确的确定出该电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量为R1,只有MBMU检测到绝缘阻值位于上述第一阻值区间内的持续时间超过一定时间,才能够将测量误差排除掉。
在该实施例中,通过考虑检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,能够尽可能准确地确定出电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,根据该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,确定该闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:在该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间大于时间阈值的情况下,将该闭合的电池支路的数量确定为该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间对应的数量。
类似地,若检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间小于或等于时间阈值,所确定的电池支路的数量则保持上一次确定的电池支路的数量。
需要说明的是,该时间阈值也可以是经过多次测试得到的经验值,本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地,在其他实施例中,MBMU也可以根据检测到的其他参数,确定该电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量。例如,MBMU可以利用电流采样单元检测电池系统 的干路上的电流,确定该电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。例如,可以在干路上设置一个电流采样单元,根据该电流采样单元所采集的干路上的电流值所在的电流区间,确定电池系统中所闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,在MBMU确定电池系统中闭合的电池支路的数量之前,MBMU可以先判断该多个电池支路的通讯状态。例如,该MBMU可以为每个电池支路设置一个计数器,MBMU每收到一个电池支路的SBMU发送的报文,就将对应的计数器加1,若某个计数器在一定时间内不跳变,则MBMU认为该计数器对应的电池支路发生通讯异常。
上文详细描述了本申请实施例的电池系统的控制方法,下面将结合图9详细描述本申请实施例的控制装置。方法实施例所描述的技术特征适用于以下装置实施例。
图9示出了本申请实施例的电池系统的控制装置3000的示意性框图。该电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数。如图9所示,该控制装置3000包括以下部分或全部内容。
确定模块3100,用于在该N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态。
控制模块3200,用于根据该每个电池支路的高压状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200具体用于:根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200包括:确定单元,用于根据该每个电池支路的高压状态和该每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定该电池系统的第一目标放电功率,该第一目标放电功率小于该N个电池支路的允许放电功率之和;控制单元,用于根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有M个电池支路闭合且与该M个电池支路的通讯正常的情况下,根据该M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,M为小于或等于N的正整数。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:将该M个电池支路的M个允许放电功率中的最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制装置还包括:调整模块,用于在检测到该 N个电池支路中闭合的K个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第二目标放电功率,该第二目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率,其中,K为小于或等于N的正整数,该K个电池支路的通讯异常;该控制模块3200还用于:根据该第二目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200还用于:控制该电池系统的放电功率在第一时间间隔内从该第一目标放电功率下降至该第二目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200还用于:在以该第二目标放电功率控制该电池系统持续第二时间间隔的情况下,将该第二目标放电功率恢复至该第一目标放电功率;根据该第一目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该时间间隔是基于该K个电池支路存在的故障等级确定的,不同的故障等级对应不同的故障操作。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数;根据该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:根据该P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和该单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定该第一目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:在该P个电池支路中存在至少一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率的情况下,将该单个支路的允许放电功率确定为该第一目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:根据该P个电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前的该电池系统的温度和荷电状态SOC,获取该单个支路的允许放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定单元具体用于:在该N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且该P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定该第一目标放电功率,该限制功率是指将该电池系统处于非正常运行下的功率,P为该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:将该预设的限制功率的P倍确定为该第一目标放电功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该限制功率为跛行功率,该跛行功率是指将该电池系统的放电功率限制为仅能够跛行的功率。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200还用于:在检测到该P个电池支路中任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将该第一目标放电功率调整为第三目标放电功率,该第三目标放电功率小于该第一目标放电功率;根据该第三目标放电功率,对该电池系统进行功率控制。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:根据该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,确定该每个电池支路的高压状态。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100还用于:确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第一阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R1;或者在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第二阻值区间的情况下,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R2;其中,R1为小于或等于N的正整数,R2为小于或等于N的正整数,若第一阻值区间的最小值大于第二阻值区间的最大值,则R1大于R2。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:根据该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间,确定该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该确定模块3100具体用于:在该检测到的绝缘阻值位于该阻值区间的持续时间大于时间阈值的情况下,将该N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量确定为该检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间对应的数量。
可选地,在本申请实施例中,该控制模块3200还用于:在该N个电池支路中的任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,控制该任一电池支路中的绝缘检测模块中的开关以改变该绝缘阻值。
应理解,控制装置3000中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和/或功能为了实现上 述方法实施例中的相应流程,为了简洁,在此不再赘述。
可选地,本申请实施例还提供了一种电池系统,包括并联的N个电池支路以及图9所示的控制装置3000,N为大于1的正整数。
图10示出了本申请实施例的控制装置4000的示意性框图。如图10所示,该控制装置4000包括处理器4010和存储器4020,其中,存储器4020用于存储指令,处理器4010用于读取指令并基于指令执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
其中,存储器4020可以是独立于处理器4010的一个单独的器件,也可以集成在处理器4010中。
可选地,如图10所示,该控制装置4000还可以包括收发器4030,处理器4010可以控制该收发器4030与其他设备进行通信。例如,可以向其他设备发送信息或数据,或者接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
应理解,本申请实施例的处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片,具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中,上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成,或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器,闪存、只读存储器,可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器,处理器读取存储器中的信息,结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解,本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器,或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中,非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM,PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM,EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM,EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM),其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性 说明,许多形式的RAM可用,例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM,SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM,DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM,SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM,DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM,ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM,SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM,DR RAM)。应注意,本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,用于存储计算机程序。
可选的,该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的控制装置,并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由控制装置实现的相应流程,为了简洁,在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品,包括计算机程序指令。
可选的,该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的控制装置,并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由控制装置实现的相应流程,为了简洁,在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序。
可选的,该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的控制装置,当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由控制装置实现的相应流程,为了简洁,在此不再赘述。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述,但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是,只要不存在结构冲突,各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种电池系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,所述控制方法包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路通讯异常的情况下,确定所述N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态;
    根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态,对所述电池系统进行功率控制,包括:
    根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,对所述电池系统进行功率控制,包括:
    根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定所述电池系统的第一目标放电功率,所述第一目标放电功率小于所述N个电池支路的允许放电功率之和;
    根据所述第一目标放电功率,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定所述电池系统的第一目标放电功率,包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中有M个电池支路闭合且所述M个电池支路的通讯正常的情况下,根据所述M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,M为小于或等于N的正整数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述M个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    将所述M个电池支路的M个允许放电功率中的最小允许放电功率的M倍确定为所述第一目标放电功率。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中闭合的K个电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将所述第一目标放电功率调整为第二目标放电功率,所述第二目标放电功率小于所述第一目标放电功率,其中,K为小于或等于N的正整数,所述K个电池支路的通讯异常;
    根据所述第二目标放电功率,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    控制所述电池系统的放电功率在第一时间间隔内从所述第一目标放电功率下降至所述第二目标放电功率。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    在以所述第二目标放电功率控制所述电池系统持续第二时间间隔的情况下,将所述第二目标放电功率恢复至所述第一目标放电功率;
    根据所述第一目标放电功率,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述时间间隔是基于所述K个电池支路存在的故障等级确定的,不同的故障等级对应不同的故障操作。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且所述P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,P为所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数;
    根据所述单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    根据所述P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和所述单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述P个电池支路中每个电池支路的故障等级和所述单个电池支路的允许放电功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    在所述P个电池支路中存在至少一个电池支路的故障等级指示限制放电功率的情况下,将所述单个电池支路的允许放电功率确定为所述第一目标放电功率。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述获取单个电池支路的允许放电功率,包括:
    根据所述P个电池支路中最后一个通讯异常的电池支路在通讯异常前的所述电池系统的温度和荷电状态SOC,获取所述单个支路的允许放电功率。
  14. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态和所述每个电池支路的通讯状态,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中有P个电池支路闭合且所述P个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,根据预设的限制功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,P为所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,且P为小于或等于N的正整数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据预设的限制功率,确定所述第一目标放电功率,包括:
    将所述预设的限制功率的P倍确定为所述第一目标放电功率。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述限制功率为跛行功率,所述跛行功率是指将所述电池系统的放电功率限制为仅能够跛行的功率。
  17. 根据权利要求10至16中任一项所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    在检测到所述P个电池支路中任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,将所述第一目标放电功率调整为第三目标放电功率,所述第三目标放电功率小于所述第一目标放电功率;
    根据所述第三目标放电功率,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  18. 根据权利要求1至17中任一项所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述确定所述N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态,包括:
    根据所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,确定所述每个电池支路的高压状态。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:
    根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据检测到的绝缘阻值,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:
    根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:
    在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第一阻值区间的情况下,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R1;或者
    在检测到的绝缘阻值属于第二阻值区间的情况下,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量为R2;
    其中,R1为小于或等于N的正整数,R2为小于或等于N的正整数,若所述第一阻值区间的最小值大于所述第二阻值区间的最大值,则R1大于R2。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:
    根据所述检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及所述检测到的绝缘阻值位于所述阻值区间的持续时间,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间以及所述检测到的绝缘阻值位于所述阻值区间的持续时间,确定所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量,包括:
    在所述检测到的绝缘阻值位于所述阻值区间的持续时间大于时间阈值的情况下,将所述N个电池支路中闭合的电池支路的数量确定为所述检测到的绝缘阻值所在的阻值区间对应的数量。
  25. 根据权利要求20至24中任一项所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    在所述N个电池支路中的任一电池支路存在导致电池支路断开的故障的情况下,控制所述任一电池支路中的绝缘检测模块中的开关以改变所述绝缘阻值。
  26. 一种电池系统的控制装置,其特征在于,所述电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,所述控制装置包括:
    确定单元,用于在所述N个电池支路中的至少一个电池支路的通讯异常的情况下,确定所述N个电池支路中每个电池支路的高压状态;
    控制单元,用于根据所述每个电池支路的高压状态,对所述电池系统进行功率控制。
  27. 一种电池系统,其特征在于,所述电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路和如权利要求26所述的控制装置,N为大于1的正整数。
  28. 一种电池系统的控制装置,其特征在于,所述电池系统包括并联的N个电池支路,N为大于1的正整数,所述控制装置包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器用于存储指令,所述处理器用于读取所述指令并根据所述指令执行如权利要求1至25中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,用于存储计算机程序,所述计算机程序使得计算机执行如权利要求1至25中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,包括计算机程序指令,该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如权利要求1至25中任一项所述的方法。
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