WO2024046100A1 - 热管理系统、控制方法及车辆 - Google Patents

热管理系统、控制方法及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024046100A1
WO2024046100A1 PCT/CN2023/112738 CN2023112738W WO2024046100A1 WO 2024046100 A1 WO2024046100 A1 WO 2024046100A1 CN 2023112738 W CN2023112738 W CN 2023112738W WO 2024046100 A1 WO2024046100 A1 WO 2024046100A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve body
heat exchange
tube group
exchange tube
valve
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/112738
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
牛伟琛
卢树强
胡浩茫
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2024046100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024046100A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of Internet of Vehicles, and in particular to a thermal management system, a control method and a vehicle.
  • a thermal management system In electric vehicles, a thermal management system is generally used to manage the temperature of the passenger compartment and battery in the electric vehicle. However, the thermal management system independently controls the temperature of the passenger compartment and the temperature of the battery, which in turn leads to the loop where the battery is located in the heat pipe system and the circuit that controls the passenger compartment. Loop coordination efficiency is low.
  • This application provides a thermal management system, a control method and a vehicle, which can improve the coordination efficiency between the circuit where the battery is located in the heat pipe system and the circuit that controls the passenger compartment.
  • the application provides a thermal management system.
  • the thermal management system may include: a first loop, a second loop and a valve body assembly, wherein a first heat exchange tube group and an air conditioning box are provided on the first loop.
  • the cold air core in the assembly is also provided with a first water pump on the first loop.
  • the cold air core is used to access the coolant output from the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the first port of the first loop is connected to the first port of the valve body assembly.
  • the second port of the first circuit is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly; the second circuit is provided with a battery, a second water pump, a first valve body and a second valve body, and the first port of the second circuit is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly.
  • the third end of the valve body assembly is connected, and the second port of the second circuit is connected with the fourth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the first valve body allows the coolant passing through the third end or the fourth end of the valve body assembly to pass through the second water pump. Flow into the battery and return to the fourth or third end of the valve body assembly, or the first valve body is used to allow the coolant to flow back to the valve body assembly from the third or fourth end of the valve body assembly through the first valve body.
  • the fourth end or the third end, the second valve body is used to allow the coolant in the battery to flow from the second end of the battery through the second valve body back to the first end of the battery.
  • the air conditioning box assembly is generally installed in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the air conditioning box assembly When cooling the passenger compartment, it is necessary to connect the first end of the valve body assembly with the third end of the valve body assembly, and the third end of the valve body assembly.
  • the second end is connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly, so that the coolant in the first circuit can circulate to continuously provide cooling capacity for the cold air core and keep the passenger compartment in a cooling state.
  • the coolant can flow directly from the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, through the first valve body back to the valve body assembly.
  • the third end and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly. After exchanging heat with the outside through the first heat exchange tube group, it then passes through the first water pump.
  • the drive provides cooling capacity for the cold air core.
  • the coolant in the battery can be circulated internally driven by the second valve body and the second water pump to achieve uniform temperature of the battery without affecting the cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • the coolant is driven by the first water pump, and the coolant can flow from the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, and when passing through the first valve body, the coolant can also pass through the third After a valve body, it enters the third end of the battery return valve body assembly, and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end of the valve body assembly. After exchanging heat with the outside through the first heat exchange tube group, it then The first water pump is driven to provide cooling capacity for the cold air core. In this process, the coolant passing through the first heat exchange tube group can cool the cold air core and the battery together.
  • the cooling liquid in the first circuit can provide cooling capacity for the cold air core body alone and simultaneously provide cooling capacity for the cold air core body and the battery.
  • the cooling capacity is provided solely for the cold air core, the battery can also achieve uniform temperature under the action of the second valve body and the second water pump, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each loop in the thermal management system.
  • the first valve body and the second valve body can be in various forms.
  • the first valve body can be a first three-way valve
  • the second valve body can be a first one-way valve
  • the second valve body can be a first one-way valve.
  • the first end of a three-way valve can be connected with the fourth end of the valve body assembly
  • the second end of the first three-way valve can be connected with the first end of the battery, wherein the second water pump can be disposed on the first three-way valve.
  • the third end of the first three-way valve is connected with the pipeline between the second end of the battery and the third end of the valve body assembly, and the first one-way valve
  • the pipeline is connected between the inlet of the first three-way valve and the third end of the first three-way valve and the second end of the battery, and between the outlet of the first one-way valve and the second end of the first three-way valve and the first end of the battery pipeline connections.
  • the first end of the valve body assembly When the cold air core is provided with cooling capacity alone, the first end of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly, and the valve body assembly
  • the second end of the valve body assembly When the second end of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly, the first end and the third end of the first three-way valve can be controlled to be connected, and the second end of the first three-way valve is in a non-conducting state. So that the coolant can flow directly from the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, through the first three-way valve back to the third end of the valve body assembly, and pass through the third end of the valve body assembly. The first end of the three-terminal and valve body assembly flows back to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the first one-way valve can be in a conducting state, and the coolant at the battery can be driven by the second water pump from the battery.
  • the second end of the first one-way valve, the inlet of the first one-way valve, the outlet of the first one-way valve, and the second water pump return to the first end of the battery to complete the temperature equalization of the battery; when the cold air core and the battery are provided with cold air at the same time
  • the first end of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly, and when the second end of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly, the first end of the first three-way valve can be controlled by is connected to the second end, and the third end of the first three-way valve is in a non-conducting state.
  • the first one-way valve can also be in a non-conducting state, so that the coolant can flow through the cold air core body and the valve body assembly.
  • the third end and the first end of the valve body assembly return to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the second valve body can be a second three-way valve, and the first end of the first three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the fourth end of the valve body assembly and the battery, The second end of the first three-way valve is connected to the second end of the battery, the third end of the first three-way valve is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly, and the first end of the second three-way valve is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly.
  • the fourth end is connected, the second end of the second three-way valve is connected with the first end of the battery, the second water pump is disposed on the pipeline between the second end of the second three-way valve and the first end of the battery, the second The third end of the three-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the second end of the battery and the second end of the first three-way valve and the second end of the battery.
  • the first end of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly, and the second end of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly, the first end of the valve body assembly can be controlled by controlling the first end of the valve body assembly.
  • the first end of the three-way valve is connected to the third end of the first three-way valve, and the second end of the first three-way valve is in a non-connected state, so that the coolant can flow through the cold air core body and the valve body assembly.
  • the second end and the fourth end of the valve body assembly directly flow back to the third end of the valve body assembly through the first three-way valve, and flow back to the first end through the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly.
  • each end of the second three-way valve may be in a non-conducting state, or the second end of the second three-way valve and the third end of the second three-way valve may be in a conductive state.
  • the first end of the second three-way valve is in a non-conducting state, and the coolant at the battery can be driven by the second water pump from the second end of the battery, the second end of the second three-way valve, The third end of the second three-way valve and the second water pump return to the first end of the battery to complete the temperature equalization of the battery; when the cold air core and the battery are provided with cooling capacity at the same time, the first end of the valve body assembly and When the third end of the valve body assembly is connected, and the second end of the valve body assembly is connected with the fourth end of the valve body assembly, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve can be controlled to be connected, and the first three-way
  • the second end of the valve is in a non-conductive state, the first end of the second three-way valve and the second end of the second three-way valve are controlled to be in a conductive state, and the third end of the second three-way valve is in a non-conductive state.
  • the coolant can pass through the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, the first end of the second three-way valve and the second end of the second three-way valve.
  • the battery, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve flow back to the third end of the valve body assembly, and flow back to the first heat exchange pipe through the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly.
  • the thermal management system may also include a third loop, a fourth loop, a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, and a water-cooled evaporator.
  • the water-cooled evaporator includes a first heat exchange tube group and a second heat exchange tube.
  • the water-cooled condenser includes a third heat exchange tube group and a fourth heat exchange tube group; the third loop is connected in series with a compressor, a third heat exchange tube group, and a second heat exchange tube group.
  • the second heat exchange tube group It is used for heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube group; the fourth heat exchange tube and the warm air core in the air conditioning box assembly are connected in series.
  • the fourth circuit is also equipped with a third water pump.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube is used for heat exchange with the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the heat pipe group is used to transfer the coolant after heat exchange with the third heat exchange tube group to the warm air core
  • the third water pump is used to return the coolant after passing through the warm air core to the second heat exchange tube group.
  • Third water pump The high-temperature and high-pressure coolant output from the compressor can pass through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group and return to the compressor.
  • the third heat exchange tube group can perform heat exchange with the third heat exchange tube group to reduce the The temperature of the coolant in the third heat exchange tube group, the coolant after cooling can enter the second heat exchange tube group, and the second heat exchange tube group can conduct heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube group to improve the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the coolant in the heat pipe group cools down.
  • This solution can control the valve body assembly to achieve cooling or heating of one or more of the passenger compartment and the battery.
  • this method can achieve more temperature modes with fewer components, which not only saves costs and reduces the process complexity of electric vehicles, but also helps flexibly control the temperature in electric vehicles. Temperature at various locations.
  • a throttling device in order to cool down the cooling liquid entering the second heat exchange tube group, a throttling device is also provided in the third circuit, and the throttling device is used to cool down the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the output coolant is cooled and pressure-reduced, and the inlet of the first heat exchange tube group is used to access the low-temperature and low-pressure coolant output by the throttling device.
  • the thermal management system further includes a cooler, an electric driver, a kettle, and a fourth water pump; the cooler, the electric driver, the kettle, and the fourth water pump are arranged in the fifth circuit in sequence.
  • the first port is connected to the seventh end of the valve body assembly
  • the second port of the fifth circuit is connected to the eighth end of the valve body assembly
  • the ninth end of the valve body assembly is connected to the pipeline between the cooler and the electric driver.
  • the fifth circuit can provide cooling capacity for the electric driver, and the fifth circuit can be connected to the seventh end, the eighth end and the ninth end of the valve body assembly, and the thermal management system shell passes through
  • the valve body assembly is controlled to achieve cooling or heating of one or more of the passenger compartment, electric drive, and battery.
  • valve body assembly may be a nine-way valve
  • the first end of the nine-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube group, the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet of the first water pump, and the outlet of the first water pump is connected to the cold air core.
  • the outlet of the cold air core is connected to the second end of the nine-way valve; on the second circuit, the fourth end of the nine-way valve is used to communicate with the second end of the battery, and the first end of the battery is used to communicate with the nine-way valve
  • the third end is connected; on the fourth circuit, the fifth end of the nine-way valve is connected with the inlet of the third water pump, the outlet of the third water pump is connected with the inlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group, and the fourth heat exchange tube group
  • the outlet of the warm air core is connected with the inlet of the warm air core, and the outlet of the warm air core is connected with the sixth end of the nine-way valve; on the fifth circuit, the seventh end of the nine-way valve is connected with the inlet of the cooler, and the cooler's
  • the outlet is connected to the inlet of the electric driver, the outlet of the electric driver is connected to the inlet of the kettle, the outlet of the kettle is connected to the inlet of the fourth water pump, the outlet of the fourth water pump is connected to
  • the thermal management system further includes a heater, the heater is disposed on the fourth loop, and the inlet of the heater and the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group Communicated, the outlet of the heater is connected with the inlet of the warm air core.
  • the heater can be used to further heat the cooling liquid to improve the heating effect.
  • the thermal management system further includes a third valve body, a fourth valve body and a fifth valve body, the first end of the third valve body is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group, and the third valve body
  • the second end of the valve body is connected to the inlet of the cold air core body
  • the third end of the third valve body is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly
  • the first end of the fourth valve body is connected to the outlet of the warm air core body.
  • the second end of the four valve bodies is connected to the inlet of the cold air core body, the third end of the fourth valve body is connected to the sixth end of the valve body assembly; the first end of the fifth valve body is connected to the outlet of the cold air core body, and the third end of the fourth valve body is connected to the outlet of the cold air core body.
  • the second end of the fifth valve body is connected with the second end of the valve body assembly, and the third end of the fifth valve body is connected with the sixth end of the valve body assembly; when the warm air core is used to connect to the fourth heat exchange tube group
  • the output high-temperature coolant and the coolant output by the warm air core are connected to the cold air core through the first and second ends of the fourth valve body, and the coolant output by the cold air core passes through the first end of the fifth valve body.
  • the third end of the fifth valve body is connected to the sixth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group can first heat the air entering the passenger cabin through the warm air core, and then enter the cold air core through the fourth valve body to continue heating the air in the passenger cabin, and then pass through the fourth valve body.
  • the five-valve body returns to the fourth circuit.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the first heat exchange tube group directly enters the nine-way valve through the third valve body and then goes to other coolant circuits to absorb heat.
  • the warm air core and the cold air core in the air conditioning box assembly are connected in series when heating gas, so as to increase the heat exchange area of the air conditioning box assembly and improve the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management system further includes a sixth valve body, a seventh valve body and an eighth valve body.
  • the first end of the sixth valve body is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the second end of the valve body is connected to the inlet of the cold air core, the third end of the sixth valve body is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly, and the first end of the seventh valve body is connected to the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the second end of the seventh valve body is connected to the inlet of the warm air core
  • the third end of the seventh valve body is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the cold air core and the sixth end of the sixth valve body
  • the eighth valve The first end of the body is connected to the outlet of the cold air core body, the second end of the eighth valve body is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly, and the third end of the eighth valve body is connected to the sixth end of the valve body assembly; when Both the cold air core and the warm air core are used to connect to the high-temperature coolant output from the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the coolant output from the cold air core passes through the first end of the eighth valve body and the second end of the eighth valve body.
  • the hot refrigerant in the fourth heat exchange tube group first distributes the flow through the seventh valve body. Part of the hot water passes through the heater core to heat the air entering the passenger compartment, and the other part of the hot water enters through the seventh valve body. The cold air core continues to heat the passenger cabin air, and then returns to the warm air coolant pipeline through the eighth valve body. At the same time, the low-temperature coolant of the first heat exchange tube group can directly enter the nine-way valve through the sixth valve body and then go to other places.
  • the coolant circuit absorbs heat.
  • the warm air core and the cold air core in the air conditioning box assembly are connected in parallel when the heating gas is heated, and high-temperature refrigerant passes through both the warm air core and the cold air core, thereby improving the efficiency of the air conditioning box assembly.
  • the heat exchange area improves the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management system further includes an air inlet heat exchanger and a ninth valve body.
  • the air inlet heat exchanger is provided at the inlet of the air conditioning box assembly, and the inlet of the air inlet heat exchanger is connected to the ninth tee.
  • the first end of the valve is connected, the outlet of the air inlet heat exchanger is connected with the sixth end of the valve body assembly, the second end of the ninth valve body is connected with the outlet of the warm air core, and the third end of the ninth three-way valve Connected to the sixth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the hot refrigerant in the fourth heat exchange tube group When heating the passenger compartment, the hot refrigerant in the fourth heat exchange tube group first heats the air entering the passenger compartment through the warm air core, and then enters the air inlet heat exchanger through the ninth valve body to preheat the external circulation inlet air.
  • the low-temperature gas returns to the warm air coolant pipe.
  • the thermal management system further includes a tenth valve body, an eleventh valve body and a twelfth valve body, the first end of the tenth valve body is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group, The second end of the tenth valve body is connected to the inlet of the cold air core, the third end of the tenth valve body is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly, and the first end of the eleventh valve body is connected to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet of the eleventh valve body is connected, and the second end of the eleventh valve body is connected with the The inlet is connected, the third end of the eleventh valve body is connected with the inlet end of the cold air core body; the first end of the twelfth valve body is connected with the outlet of the cold air core body, and the second end of the twelfth valve body is connected with the valve body
  • the second end of the assembly is connected, and the third end of the eleventh valve body is connected with the sixth end of the valve body assembly; when both the cold air core and the warm air core are used to access the high-temperature cooling output from the second heat exchange tube group
  • the coolant output from the cold air core flows back to the fourth heat exchange tube group through the eleventh valve body and the sixth and fifth ends of the valve body assembly.
  • the cold air core is reused as a warm air core; the warm air
  • the cooling liquid output from the core flows back to the fourth heat exchange tube group from the middle inlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the hot refrigerant in the fourth heat exchange tube group first distributes flow through the eleventh valve body, and part of the hot water enters the heater core to heat the air entering the passenger compartment, and then returns directly to the middle of the liquid-cooled condenser. Entrance. Other hot water enters the cold air core to preheat the incoming air, and then returns to the fourth circuit.
  • This arrangement can realize the gradient distribution of the cooling liquid in the condenser of the liquid cooler.
  • the low-temperature coolant is preheated and then cooled, and then reaches the middle inlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the medium-temperature coolant entering the heater core is mixed and finally heated to high-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the first heat exchange tube group directly enters the nine-way valve through the tenth valve body and then goes to other coolant circuits to absorb heat.
  • the flow rate of the eleventh valve body can be adjusted to ensure that the temperature change curve of the coolant matches the temperature change curve of the refrigerant, thereby reducing system energy loss and improving efficiency.
  • the thermal management system further includes a thirteenth valve body and a fourteenth valve body.
  • the first end of the thirteenth valve body is connected to the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the second end of the valve body is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group, the third end of the fourteenth valve body is connected with the inlet of the warm air core body; the outlet of the fourteenth valve body is connected with the warm air core body and the valve body.
  • the pipelines between the components are connected, and the inlet of the fourteenth valve body is connected with the pipelines between the cold air core body and the valve body assembly.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group can be connected through the thirteenth valve body, and the control part directly contacts the hot and cold water of the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the overall water circuit temperature increases, and finally the water circuit returns from the fourteenth valve body to the fourth circuit where the fourth heat exchange pipe is located.
  • This mode can use the power generated by the compressor itself to generate heat, and increase the temperature of the overall water circuit to meet the heat pump startup requirements at extremely low temperatures.
  • the air conditioning box assembly further includes an additional core body
  • the thermal management system further includes a fifteenth valve body, a sixteenth valve body and a seventeenth valve body; a first end of the fifteenth valve body It is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the second end of the fifteenth valve body is connected with the inlet of the cold air core body.
  • the third end of the fifteenth valve body is connected with the first end of the sixteenth valve body.
  • the second end of the sixteenth valve body is connected with the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the third end of the sixteenth valve body is connected with the inlet of the warm air core, and the inlet of the additional core is connected with the third end of the fifteenth valve body.
  • the pipeline between the three ends is connected to the first end of the sixteenth end, the outlet of the additional core body is connected to the first end of the seventeenth valve body, and the second end of the seventeenth valve body is connected to the first end of the fifteenth valve body.
  • the pipeline between the second end and the inlet of the cold air core body is connected, and the pipeline between the third end of the seventeenth valve body and the third end of the sixteenth valve body is connected with the inlet of the warm air core body.
  • the warm air core and the cold air core can also cool or heat the passenger compartment respectively, and the additional core can participate as an additional cold air core or warm air core according to the difference in cooling and heating loads. Cooling or heating.
  • the second to thirteenth valve bodies, the fifteenth to seventeenth valve bodies are all three-way valves, and the fourteenth valve body is a one-way valve.
  • the thermal management system further includes a heat recovery collector, the heat recovery collector is disposed on the third loop, and the heat recovery collector includes a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube. group, the inlet of the fifth heat exchange tube group is connected with the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group, the outlet of the fifth heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet of the throttling device, and the inlet of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected with the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet of the tube group is connected, and the outlet of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet of the compressor.
  • the setting of the heat recovery collector can further reduce the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group, reduce the dryness of the refrigerant after throttling, and improve the refrigeration capacity of the water-cooled evaporator side.
  • the regenerative liquid collector may have various structures.
  • the regenerative liquid collector includes a regenerator and a first gas-liquid separator, and the regenerator includes a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube group.
  • the inlet of the first gas-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the sixth heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the first gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor.
  • the recuperator includes a regenerator and a liquid storage tank
  • the regenerator includes a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube group
  • the inlet of the fifth heat exchange tube group is connected with the outlet of the liquid storage tank
  • the inlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the throttling device may be a first throttling valve.
  • the thermal management system also includes an outdoor heat exchanger, a second throttle valve and a first valve.
  • One end of the second throttle valve is connected to the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group, and the second end of the second throttle valve is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the inlet of the heat exchanger is connected, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the first throttle valve, one end of the first valve is connected with the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group, and the other end of the first valve is connected with the first throttle valve.
  • the entrance is connected.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger allows the refrigerant to directly exchange heat with the external environment, which can make up for the lack of secondary heat exchange efficiency on the water side and improve system capabilities under extreme high and low temperature conditions.
  • the first valve is a stop valve.
  • the thermal management system further includes a second gas-liquid separator, the second gas-liquid separator is located on the third loop, and the inlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger tube group.
  • the outlet is connected, and the outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor motor.
  • the second gas-liquid separator can not only realize the function of storing liquid, but also retain the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture, and only allow the gas to flow into the compressor, ensuring the superheat at the compressor inlet. requirements to improve compression efficiency.
  • the throttling device can be a first throttling valve, or the throttling device can also include an injector and a third gas-liquid separator, and the jet end of the injector is connected to the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the drainage end of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group
  • the output end of the ejector is connected to the inlet of the third gas-liquid separator
  • the gas phase output end of the third gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor
  • the liquid phase output end of the third gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure coolant passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the coolant after heat exchange enters the ejector through the jet end of the ejector.
  • the coolant that passes through the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group enters the ejector.
  • the gas refrigerant is brought into the guide end of the injector by the lower pressure main jet in front of the injector.
  • the coolant and gas refrigerant passing through the jet end and the guide end are mixed in the injector and then ejected through the output end of the injector into the third
  • the gas-liquid separator is divided into gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant from the third gas-liquid separator.
  • the gas refrigerant enters the inlet of the compressor, and the liquid refrigerant enters the inlet of the third heat exchange tube group of the water-cooled evaporator.
  • the throttling device may further include a first electronic expansion valve.
  • the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the gas phase output end of the three gas-liquid separators.
  • the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the second exchanger.
  • the inlet of the heat pipe group is connected.
  • the throttling device may also include a second electronic expansion valve.
  • the first electronic expansion valve may be provided, or the first electronic expansion valve may not be provided.
  • the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve may be connected to the third electronic expansion valve.
  • the outlet of the heat exchange tube group is connected, and the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected with the jet end of the injector.
  • the setting of the second electronic expansion valve can adjust the flow rate entering the jet end of the injector, thereby making up for the lack of flow adjustment capability of the injector and more effectively adjusting the state parameters of the thermal management system.
  • the throttling device further includes a third electronic expansion valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve; the inlet of the second valve and the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group Connected, the outlet of the second valve is connected to the jet end of the ejector, one end of the third valve is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group, the other end of the third valve is connected to the drainage end of the ejector, and one end of the fourth valve is connected It is connected with the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group, the other end of the fourth valve is connected with the pipeline between the output end of the ejector and the inlet of the third gas-liquid separator, and one end of the fifth valve is connected with the third gas-liquid separator.
  • the liquid phase output end of the device is connected, the other end of the fifth valve is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchange tube group, and one end of the third electronic expansion valve is connected with the inlet of the second valve and the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the pipeline is connected, and the other end of the third electronic expansion valve is connected with the pipeline between the outlet of the fifth valve and the inlet of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group is divided into two channels, one of which uses an injector.
  • the coolant from the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group enters the injector from the jet end through the second valve, and the injector enters the injector through the third valve.
  • the cooling of the injector and the jet end is The liquid enters the third gas-liquid separator from the output end of the ejector.
  • the other path uses the third electronic expansion valve.
  • close the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve, open the fourth valve, open and adjust the third electronic expansion valve, and the third heat exchange tube group The coolant flowing out of the outlet enters the third electronic expansion valve to be throttled, and then enters the second heat exchange tube group to evaporate.
  • the evaporated coolant enters the third gas-liquid separator through the fourth valve.
  • This mode takes into account the efficient operating conditions of the injector. When the system status is not suitable for injector operation, it can also switch to the conventional electronic expansion valve operating mode.
  • the first valve to the fifth valve are all stop valves.
  • valve body assembly multiple water pumps, and several other components can be integrated.
  • the water-cooled condenser, water-cooled evaporator, heater, heat recovery collector, throttling device and compressor are integrated into the third integrated unit.
  • it not only helps to reduce the structural complexity of the thermal management system and reduces the space occupied, but also shortens the wiring between the various components through this compact structural arrangement, thus helping to solve
  • the thermal management system components in electric vehicles have problems such as divergent installation locations and too long pipelines.
  • the coolant or refrigerant circulates in such a short circulation link, the coolant or refrigerant circulates during the circulation process.
  • the pressure loss in the refrigerant circuit becomes smaller, which also helps to improve the efficiency of the refrigerant circuit.
  • this integration method can be made into modular components, which also facilitates maintenance and portability.
  • valve body assembly may also be integrated with a nine-way valve and a first valve body (first three-way valve).
  • this application also provides a method for controlling the thermal management system in any technical solution of the first aspect, in which the first end of the control valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly, and the control method in the valve body assembly The second end is connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the cooling liquid in the first heat exchange tube group passes through the cold air core to cool the gas passing through the cold air core; and controls the opening and closing of each end of the first valve body. , used to make the coolant that has passed through the cold air core flow back through the second end of the valve body assembly and the fourth end of the valve body assembly through the first valve body to the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly.
  • the end of the battery enters the first heat exchange tube group and controls the second valve body to allow the coolant in the battery to flow from the second end of the battery to flows back to the first end of the battery through the second valve body; or, is used to allow the coolant that has passed through the cold air core to pass through the second end of the valve body assembly and the fourth end of the valve body assembly, and then pass through the first valve body and The battery returns to the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly enters the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the effect produced is the same as that of the thermal management system in the first aspect, and will not be described again.
  • the application also provides a thermal management system.
  • the thermal management system may include a compressor, an air-conditioning box assembly, a water-cooled condenser, and a stop valve.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly may include a warm air core and a cold air core. ;
  • the first loop includes the main loop, the first branch and the second branch.
  • the compressor, warm air core and stop valve are set in the main loop.
  • the outlet of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the warm air core.
  • the warm air core The outlet of the stop valve is connected to the inlet of the stop valve, and the outlet of the stop valve is connected to the inlet of the compressor; a first throttle valve and a first heat exchange tube group of the water-cooled evaporator are provided on the first branch, and the first throttle valve
  • the inlet of the first throttle valve is connected to the pipeline between the stop valve and the warm air core
  • the outlet of the first throttle valve is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube group
  • the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group is connected to the outlet of the stop valve and the compression
  • the pipeline between the inlet of the machine is connected; the second throttle valve and the cold air core are set on the second branch, and the inlet of the second throttle valve is connected with the pipeline between the stop valve and the warm air core.
  • the second section The outlet of the flow valve is connected with the inlet of the cold air core, and the outlet of the cold air core is connected with the pipeline between the outlet of the stop valve and the inlet of the compressor.
  • the first branch and the second branch are set up in parallel.
  • the main loop can provide heat for the heater core to put the passenger compartment in a heating state.
  • the second branch can be set up as a heating element in the air-conditioning box assembly.
  • the cold air core provides cooling capacity so that the passenger compartment can be in a cooling state.
  • the thermal management system further includes a water-cooled condenser, a valve body assembly, a second loop and a third loop, and the water-cooled condenser includes a third heat exchange tube group and a fourth heat exchange tube group; a third The inlet of the heat exchange tube group is connected with the outlet of the warm air core, and the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet of the stop valve; the second loop is provided with a first water pump and a fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the heat pipe group is used for heat exchange with the third heat exchange pipe group, the first port of the second loop is connected to the first end of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the second loop is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly;
  • the third circuit passes through the battery to perform heat exchange with the battery.
  • the third circuit is provided with a second water pump for flowing the coolant in the third circuit.
  • the first port of the third circuit is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly.
  • the second port of the three-circuit circuit is connected with the fourth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the first end of the valve body assembly can be controlled to be connected to the third end of the valve body assembly; the second end of the valve body assembly to be connected to the fourth end of the valve body assembly.
  • the second loop and the third loop are connected through the valve body assembly.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can heat the coolant in the third heat exchange tube group through heat exchange with the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the heated coolant can be It enters the third circuit through the valve body assembly to heat the battery.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor passes through the warm air core and enters the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube.
  • the group performs heat exchange, that is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passing through the warm air core in the air-conditioning box assembly can also heat the battery, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each loop in the thermal management system.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor can also pass through the heater core to put the passenger compartment in a fully heated mode.
  • a third throttle valve and an outdoor heat exchanger are also provided on the main circuit; the inlet of the third throttle valve is connected to the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the third throttle valve is connected to the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the inlet is connected, and the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the stop valve.
  • the thermal management system also includes a fourth loop.
  • the water-cooled evaporator includes a first heat exchange tube group and a second heat exchange tube group.
  • the fourth loop is provided with a third water pump and a second unit of the water-cooled evaporator.
  • Heat exchange tube group, the second heat exchange tube group is used for heat exchange with the first heat exchange tube group, the first port of the fourth loop is connected to the fifth end of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the fourth loop is connected to the valve body
  • the sixth terminal of the component is connected. In this way, by controlling the connection of each port in the valve body assembly, the fourth circuit can provide cooling capacity to the third circuit where the battery is located, so that the battery can be refrigerated.
  • the above-mentioned thermal management system also includes a fifth circuit, and a cooler, an electric driver, a kettle and a fourth water pump provided on the fifth circuit.
  • the first port of the fifth circuit is connected to the seventh end of the valve body assembly.
  • the second port of the fifth circuit is connected to the eighth end of the valve body assembly, and the ninth end of the valve body assembly is connected to the pipeline between the cooler and the electric driver.
  • the fifth circuit may be connected to one or more of the second circuit, the third circuit and the fourth circuit through the valve body assembly.
  • one or more of the passenger compartment, battery and electric drive can be controlled by controlling the communication between different ports in the valve body assembly and the on-off of the three throttle valves and the stop valve. Cooling or heating.
  • this method can achieve more temperature modes with fewer components, which not only saves costs and reduces the process complexity of electric vehicles, but also helps flexibly control the temperature in electric vehicles. Temperature at various locations.
  • the valve body assembly is a nine-way valve; on the second circuit, the first end of the nine-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first water pump, and the outlet of the first water pump is connected to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the inlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected to the second end of the nine-way valve; in the third loop, the third end of the nine-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second water pump, and the outlet of the second water pump is connected to the inlet of the second water pump.
  • the inlet of the battery is connected, and the outlet of the battery is connected with the fourth end of the nine-way valve; on the fourth circuit, the fifth end of the nine-way valve is connected with the inlet of the third water pump, and the outlet of the third water pump is connected with the second heat exchange tube
  • the inlet of the group is connected, the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group is connected with the sixth end of the nine-way valve; on the fifth circuit, the seventh end of the nine-way valve is connected with the inlet of the cooler, and the outlet of the cooler is connected with the electric drive
  • the inlet of the device is connected, the outlet of the electric driver is connected with the inlet of the kettle, the outlet of the kettle is connected with the inlet of the fourth water pump, the outlet of the fourth water pump is connected with the eighth end of the nine-way valve; among them, the ninth end of the nine-way valve end with cooler and electric Pipe connections between drives.
  • the use of a nine-way valve can simplify the structure of the thermal management system, improve the convenience of controlling the valve body
  • this application also provides a thermal management system, including a compressor, a first tube group, a second tube group, a throttling device and a heat recovery collector; the outlet of the compressor is connected to the first tube group.
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the first tube group is connected with the inlet of the third tube group in the heat recovery collector, the outlet of the third tube group is connected with the inlet of the throttling device, and the outlet of the throttling device is connected with the inlet of the second tube group.
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the second tube group is connected with the inlet of the fourth tube group in the heat recovery collector, and the outlet of the fourth tube group is connected with the inlet of the compressor.
  • the setting of the heat recovery collector can further reduce the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group, reduce the dryness of the refrigerant after throttling, and improve the refrigeration capacity of the water-cooled evaporator side.
  • the heat recovery collector can be in various forms.
  • the heat recovery collector can include a regenerator and a gas-liquid separator.
  • the regenerator includes a third tube group and a fourth tube group, and a gas-liquid separator.
  • the inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the outlet of the fourth pipe group, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor.
  • the recuperator can also include a regenerator and a liquid storage tank.
  • the regenerator includes a third tube group and a fourth tube group.
  • the inlet of the third tube group is connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank.
  • the inlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank.
  • the outlet of the first pipe group is connected.
  • the present application also provides a vehicle, which may include a controller, a thermal management system, an air conditioning box assembly, a battery and a driver as described in any one of the first and third aspects.
  • the controller can be connected to each valve in the thermal management system, and can realize any of the following modes by controlling the on and off of each valve: a mode in which the passenger compartment and battery are cooled at the same time, or a mode in which the passenger compartment is cooled alone.
  • the vehicle can freely switch between the cooling mode or the heating mode of one or more of the passenger compartment, battery and driver, which helps the vehicle meet the different needs of various users and improve the user's driving experience.
  • Figure 01 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 02 is a schematic structural diagram of another thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 1B1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat recovery liquid collector used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific arrangement of the regenerative liquid collector in Figure 1B1 in the third circuit;
  • Figure 1B3 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific arrangement of the regenerative liquid collector in Figure 1B1 in the third circuit;
  • Figure 1B4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second gas-liquid separator used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B5 is a schematic structural diagram of a throttling device used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B6 is a structural schematic diagram of a throttling device used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B7 is a structural schematic diagram of a throttling device used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B8 is a structural schematic diagram of a throttling device used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1B9 is a structural schematic diagram of a throttling device used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1C is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor heat exchanger used in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 1D is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 1E is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 1F is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 1G is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 1H is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 1I is another structural schematic diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 2A is a schematic structural diagram of an integration method in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 2B is a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 3A is a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 3B is a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a mode in which the passenger compartment and the battery are simultaneously cooled in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5B is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application in the mode of independent cooling of the crew cabin;
  • Figure 5C is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery-only cooling mode provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5D1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery cooling and passenger compartment heating mode provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5D2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery cooling and passenger compartment heating mode provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5E is a schematic structural diagram of the battery in natural cooling mode in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5F is a schematic structural diagram of the battery in the natural cooling mode of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5G is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application in a mode where the passenger compartment and the battery are heated simultaneously;
  • Figure 5H is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application in a battery heating and passenger cabin dehumidification mode;
  • Figure 5I is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment;
  • Figure 5J is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery-only heating mode provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5K1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle dehumidification mode in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5K2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle dehumidification mode in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5K3 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle dehumidification mode of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5L is a schematic structural diagram of a valve body assembly including a three-way valve, a four-way valve and a five-way valve in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 6A exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application
  • Figure 6B illustrates a schematic structural diagram when using a recuperative liquid collector provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application
  • Figure 6C exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram when using an outdoor heat exchanger provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application
  • Figure 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application in a mode where the passenger compartment and the battery are simultaneously cooled;
  • Figure 7B is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application in the mode of independent cooling of the passenger compartment;
  • Figure 7C is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery-only cooling mode provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figures 7D1 and 7D2 are schematic structural diagrams of a thermal management system in a battery cooling and passenger compartment heating mode provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7E is a schematic structural diagram of the natural cooling mode of the battery in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7F is a schematic structural diagram of the natural cooling mode of an electric drive in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7G is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application in a mode where the passenger compartment and the battery are heated simultaneously;
  • Figure 7H is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery heating and passenger compartment dehumidification mode provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7I is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7J is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery-only heating mode provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 9A is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in a mode where the passenger compartment and the battery are simultaneously cooled;
  • Figure 9B is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in the mode of independent cooling of the passenger compartment;
  • Figure 9C is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in a battery-only cooling mode provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 9D is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in a battery cooling and passenger compartment heating mode;
  • Figure 9E is a schematic structural diagram of the battery in the natural cooling mode of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 9F is a schematic structural diagram of the electric driver in the natural cooling mode of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 9G is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in a mode where the passenger compartment and the battery are heated simultaneously;
  • Figure 9H is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in a battery heating and passenger compartment dehumidification mode;
  • Figure 9I is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;
  • FIG. 9J is a schematic structural diagram of a battery separate heating mode in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • the thermal management system in this application is suitable for electric vehicles.
  • An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric drive to drive.
  • the electric driver may include, for example, a power distribution unit (PDU), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a mapped diagnostic context (Mapped Diagnostic Context, MDC), a motor, etc.
  • PDU power distribution unit
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • MDC Mapped Diagnostic Context
  • MDC mapped Diagnostic Context
  • the deployment positions of various components in the existing thermal management systems used in electric vehicles are relatively scattered, resulting in long pipeline routing, which causes serious pressure losses when liquid circulates in the pipeline, affecting the environment.
  • the cooling effect or heating effect of the road The devices in each loop in the existing thermal management system need to be individually Independent control leads to poor coordination between various loops.
  • FIG 01 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the heat pipe system includes a first loop a, a second loop b and a valve body assembly.
  • the first loop a is provided with a first
  • the cold air core in the heat exchange tube group and the air conditioning box assembly 3 is also provided with a first water pump 11 on the first circuit a.
  • the cold air core is used to receive the cooling liquid output from the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the first port of the primary circuit a is connected to the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the first circuit a is connected to the second end a27 of the valve body assembly;
  • the second circuit b is provided with a battery and a second water pump 12 , the first valve body and the second valve body, the first port of the second circuit b is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, the second port of the second circuit b is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and the A valve body is used for the cooling liquid passing through the third end a23 or the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly to flow into the battery through the second water pump 12 and return to the fourth end a22 or the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, or,
  • One valve body is used to allow the coolant to flow back from the third end a23 or the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly to the fourth end a22 or the third end a23 of the valve body assembly through the first valve body,
  • the air conditioning box assembly 3 is generally installed in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the first end a26 of the valve body assembly needs to be connected with the third end a23 of the valve body assembly.
  • the valve body The second end a27 of the assembly is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, so that the coolant in the first circuit a can circulate to continuously provide cooling capacity for the cold air core and keep the passenger compartment in a cooling state.
  • the coolant can flow directly back to the valve from the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and through the first valve body.
  • the third end a23 of the body assembly flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first water pump 11 is then driven to provide cooling capacity for the cold air core.
  • the coolant in the battery can be internally circulated driven by the second valve body and the second water pump 12 to achieve uniform temperature of the battery. And it does not affect the cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • the coolant is driven by the first water pump 11, and the coolant can flow from the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and when passing through the first valve body, the coolant can also After passing through the first valve body, it enters the third end a23 of the battery return valve body assembly, and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, through which it communicates with the outside.
  • the first water pump 11 is driven to provide cooling capacity for the cold air core. During this process, the coolant passing through the first heat exchange tube group can cool the cold air core and the battery together.
  • the cooling liquid in the first circuit can provide cooling capacity for the cold air core body alone and simultaneously provide cooling capacity for the cold air core body and the battery.
  • the cooling capacity is provided solely for the cold air core, the battery can also achieve uniform temperature under the action of the second valve body and the second water pump, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each loop in the thermal management system.
  • first valve body and the second valve body can be in various forms: for example, the first valve body can be a first three-way valve, and the second valve body can be a first one-way valve.
  • first valve body can be a first three-way valve
  • second valve body can be a first one-way valve.
  • the first end of the first three-way valve 27 can be connected with the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and the second end of the first three-way valve 27 can be connected with the first end of the battery.
  • the second water pump can be disposed at On the pipeline between the second end of the first three-way valve 27 and the first end of the battery, between the third end of the first three-way valve 27 and the second end of the battery and the third end a23 of the valve body assembly
  • the pipeline is connected, the inlet of the first one-way valve 7 and the third end of the first three-way valve 27 are connected with the pipeline between the second end of the battery, and the outlet of the first one-way valve 7 is connected with the first three-way valve.
  • the pipeline between the second end of 27 and the first end of the battery is connected.
  • the first end a26 of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the second end a27 of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, it can be By controlling the first end and the third end of the first three-way valve 27 to conduct, the second end of the first three-way valve 27 is in a non-conducting state, so that the coolant can flow through the cold air core body and the valve body assembly.
  • the second end a27 and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly directly flow back to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly through the first three-way valve 27, and pass through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly. End a26 flows back to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the first one-way valve 7 can be in a conducting state, and the coolant at the battery can be driven by the second water pump from the second end of the battery and the first The inlet of the one-way valve 7, the outlet of the first one-way valve 7, and the second water pump return to the first end of the battery to complete the temperature equalization of the battery; when the cold air core and the battery are provided with cooling capacity at the same time, the valve body When the first end a26 of the assembly is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the second end a27 of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end a23 of the valve body assembly, the first end of the first three-way valve 27 can be controlled.
  • the third end of the first three-way valve 27 is in a non-conducting state, and the first one-way valve 7 can also be in a non-conducting state, so that the coolant can From the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, through the first end and the second end of the first three-way valve 27 to the battery, the coolant flows back to the valve body assembly through the battery
  • the third end a23 of the valve body assembly flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly.
  • the second valve body can be a second three-way valve.
  • the first end of the first three-way valve 27 and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly It is connected with the pipeline between the battery and the battery.
  • the second end of the first three-way valve 27 is connected with the second end of the battery.
  • the third end of the first three-way valve 27 is connected with the third end a23 of the valve body assembly.
  • the second end of the first three-way valve 27 is connected with the third end a23 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first end of the three-way valve 28 is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the second end of the second three-way valve 28 is connected to the first end of the battery, and the second water pump 12 is disposed on the second three-way valve 28 On the pipeline between the second end and the first end of the battery, between the third end of the second three-way valve 28 and the second end of the battery and the second end of the first three-way valve 27 and the second end of the battery pipeline connections.
  • the first end a26 of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the second end a27 of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, it can be By controlling the first end of the first three-way valve 27 and the third end of the first three-way valve to conduct, the second end of the first three-way valve 27 is in a non-conducting state, so that the coolant can flow from the cold air core body, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, flow directly back to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly through the first three-way valve 27, and pass through the third end a23 and The first end a26 of the valve body assembly returns to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • each end of the second three-way valve 28 may be in a non-conducting state, or the second end of the second three-way valve 28 may be in a non-conducting state.
  • end and the third end of the second three-way valve are in a conductive state, and the first end of the second three-way valve is in a non-conductive state.
  • the coolant at the battery can be driven by the second water pump 12 from the battery
  • the second end of the second three-way valve 28, the third end of the second three-way valve 28, and the second water pump 12 return to the first end of the battery to complete the temperature equalization of the battery; when it is cold air
  • the first end a26 of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly
  • the second end a27 of the valve body assembly is connected to the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, it can be passed
  • the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve 27 are controlled to be conductive, the second end of the first three-way valve 27 is in a non-conductive state, and the first end and the second third end of the second three-way valve 28 are controlled.
  • the second end of the one-way valve 28 is in a conducting state, and the third end of the second three-way valve 28 is in a non-conducting state, so that the coolant can flow from the cold air core body, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the valve
  • the fourth end a22 of the body assembly, the first end of the second three-way valve 28 and the second end a27 of the second three-way valve, the battery, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve 27 flow back to the valve
  • the third end a23 of the body assembly and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly.
  • the thermal management system may also include a third loop, a fourth loop and a fifth loop, which will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
  • the second circuit is described by taking the second valve body as the first one-way valve as an example.
  • FIG 1A illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the thermal management system may include: a valve body assembly, a compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, and an air conditioner. Box assembly 3, water-cooled evaporator 4, throttling device, battery, cooler, electric driver, first water pump 11, second water pump 12, third water pump 10, fourth water pump 13, first loop, second loop, The third loop, the fourth loop and the fifth loop;
  • the water-cooled condenser 2 may include a third heat exchange tube group and a fourth heat exchange tube group, and the water-cooled evaporator 4 may include a first heat exchange tube group and a second heat exchange tube group.
  • the air conditioning box assembly 3 may include a warm air core body and a cold air core body.
  • the first water pump 11, the first heat exchange tube group and the cold air core are provided on the first loop, and the first port of the first loop is connected with the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the first loop It is connected with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly; specifically, the inlet a33 of the first heat exchange tube group is connected with the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the first heat exchange tube group can conduct heat exchange with the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet of the first water pump 11, the outlet of the first water pump 11 is connected to the inlet of the cold air core, and the outlet of the cold air core is connected to the second end a27 of the valve body assembly;
  • a second water pump 12 is provided on the second circuit, and the second circuit passes through the battery and can perform heat exchange with the battery.
  • the first port of the second circuit is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the second circuit is connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly.
  • the second circuit is also provided with a first three-way valve 27 and a first one-way valve 7; a third heat exchange tube group, a throttling device, a second heat exchange tube
  • the group and the compressor 1 are arranged in the third loop.
  • the inlet a11 of the third heat exchange tube group is connected with the outlet of the compressor 1.
  • the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet a32 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1; the fourth loop is provided with a warm air core, a fourth heat exchange tube group and a third water pump 10, and the first port of the fourth loop is connected to the valve body
  • the fifth end a21 of the assembly is connected, and the second port of the fourth circuit is connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly; specifically, the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet of the heater core, and the heater core
  • the outlet of the body is connected to the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, the inlet of the third water pump 10 is connected to the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and the outlet of the third water pump 10 is connected to the inlet a14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group;
  • a cooler, an electric driver, a kettle and a fourth water pump 13 are provided on the fifth circuit.
  • the first port of the fifth circuit is connected to the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, and the second port of the fifth circuit is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly.
  • Eight ends a24 are connected.
  • the inlet of the cooler is connected with the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly.
  • the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the electric driver.
  • the outlet of the electric driver is connected with the inlet of the kettle.
  • the outlet of the kettle is connected with the inlet of the kettle.
  • the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly is connected, and the ninth end a29 of the valve body assembly is connected with the cooler and electric Pipe connections between drives.
  • different ports in the valve body assembly can be controlled to communicate with each other to achieve different purposes, and when cooling the warm air core, by controlling the first three-way valve 27 and the first one-way valve 7 , can cool the battery or perform temperature equalization, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each loop in the thermal management system.
  • the kettle is a container with an upper opening.
  • the input end of the kettle is located above the kettle, and the output end of the kettle is located below the kettle.
  • the gas-liquid mixture enters the kettle through the input end of the kettle, the gas-liquid mixture
  • the liquid in the substance will flow into the lower end of the kettle due to gravity and flow out at the output end of the kettle, while the gas in the gas-liquid mixed substance will be left in the kettle. Therefore, the kettle is actually equivalent to a purifying liquid (making the liquid in the not doped with gas).
  • the kettle is placed in the fifth circuit, so it can purify the coolant liquid in the fifth circuit.
  • the coolant liquid is purer, the temperature regulation effect of the coolant circuit will be better.
  • connection relationship of various components in FIG. 1A is only an exemplary illustration.
  • the positions of various components located on the same circuit can also be exchanged, and are not limited to the connection relationship shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the third water pump 10 in Figure 1A can also be disposed between the fourth heat exchange tube group and the heater core, and the fourth water pump 13 can also be disposed between the kettle and the electric driver. This position exchange is beneficial to the solution. It has no essential impact on the implementation. The specific implementation process of the solution is introduced below using the thermal management system shown in Figure 1A.
  • the cooler is provided in the front-end cooling module, and the front-end cooling module is also provided with a first fan 5.
  • the first fan 5 can realize heat exchange between the ambient temperature and the cooler based on the ambient air. Therefore, the heat exchange of the cooler can specifically include heating or cooling.
  • the temperature of the coolant in winter is lower than the ambient temperature. Therefore, the front-end cooling module can heat the coolant based on the ambient temperature.
  • the front-end cooling module only cools down. Please note that this does not limit the front-end cooling module to not being able to heat up.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 includes a cold air core and a warm air core.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 is generally arranged in the passenger compartment of a car.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 may also be provided with a second fan 6.
  • the fan 6 can directly blow ambient air (neither cooling nor heating) to the passenger compartment, or it can cool the air environment through the cold air core before blowing out the ambient air, or it can also cool the air environment through the warm air core before blowing out the ambient air.
  • the body heats the air.
  • the thermal management system may also include a heater, the input end of the heater is connected to the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, and the output end of the heater is connected to the warm air core At the inlet of the body, the heater is used to heat the coolant flowing through the heater.
  • the heater can also be used to heat the coolant output from the fourth heat exchange tube group, so that the flow The coolant flowing to the heater core has a higher temperature, thereby helping to increase the temperature of the warm air blown out to the passenger compartment and improving the heating effect of the passenger compartment. If the temperature of the warm air blown out by the heater core to the passenger compartment is suitable, the heater can be turned off.
  • the thermal management system may further include a throttling device.
  • the throttling device may include a first throttling valve 14 , and the first throttling valve 14 may be disposed in the third circuit. superior.
  • the inlet of the first throttle valve 14 is connected to the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the first throttle valve 14 is connected to the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is used to depressurize and expand the gas before evaporating and absorbing heat and to control the flow rate of the circulating refrigerant.
  • the first throttle valve 14 When the first throttle valve 14 is completely closed, the first throttle valve 14 does not flow the refrigerant. In this case, the refrigerant circuit is cut off and the third circuit cannot provide heating or cooling through the vapor compression cycle.
  • the thermal management system may also include a heat recovery collector 8a.
  • a heat recovery collector 8a There are a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube group in the heat recovery collector 8a.
  • the inlet a44 of the fifth heat exchange tube group is connected with the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet a43 is connected to the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the inlet a42 of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected to the outlet a32 of the second heat exchange tube group, and the outlet a41 of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected to the compressor input end.
  • the setting of the heat recovery collector can further reduce the refrigerant temperature at the condenser outlet, reduce the dryness of the refrigerant after throttling, and improve the cooling capacity on the evaporator side.
  • the recuperator 8a may include a regenerator 80 and a first gas-liquid separator 81
  • the regenerator package 80 may include a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube. group, the inlet of the first gas-liquid separator 81 is connected with the outlet a41 of the sixth heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 81 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 1 .
  • the recuperator 8a includes a regenerator 8 and a liquid storage tank 82.
  • the regenerator 82 includes a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube group.
  • the inlet a44 of the fifth heat exchange tube group is connected to The outlet of the liquid storage tank 82 is connected, and the inlet of the liquid storage tank 82 is connected with the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the thermal management system also includes a second gas-liquid separator 8b.
  • the input end of the second gas-liquid separator 8b is connected to the outlet a32 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the output of the second gas-liquid separator 8b is The terminal is connected to the input terminal of compressor 1.
  • the second gas-liquid separator 8b in this method can not only realize the function of storing liquid, but also retain the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture, and only allow the gas to flow into the compressor 1, ensuring the inlet of the compressor 1. Superheat requirements to improve compression efficiency.
  • the throttling device of the thermal management system can use the injector 8c, the third gas-liquid separation Injector 8d, the jet end of injector 8c is connected with the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group, the lead end of the injector 8c is connected with the outlet a32 of the second heat exchange tube group, and the output end of the injector 8c is connected with the third gas-liquid
  • the inlet of the separator 8d is connected, the gas phase output end of the third gas-liquid separator 8d is connected with the inlet of the compressor 1, and the liquid phase output end of the third gas-liquid separator 8d is connected with the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure coolant passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the coolant after heat exchange enters the ejector through the jet end of the ejector 8c. At this time, it passes through the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the gas refrigerant of a32 is brought to the guide end of the injector 8c by the lower pressure main jet in front of the injector.
  • the coolant and gas refrigerant passing through the jet end and the guide end are mixed in the injector 8c and then pass through the output end of the injector 8c. It is sprayed out into the third gas-liquid separator 8d, and is divided into gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant from the third gas-liquid separator 8d.
  • the gas refrigerant enters the inlet of the compressor 1, and the liquid refrigerant enters the third heat exchange tube group of the water-cooled evaporator.
  • the entrance is A31.
  • the throttling device may also include a first electronic expansion valve 9a.
  • the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 9a is connected to the gas phase output end of the three gas-liquid separator 8d, and the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 9a is connected to the gas phase output end of the three gas-liquid separator 8d.
  • the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected.
  • the throttling device may also include a second electronic expansion valve 9b.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 9a may be provided as shown in Figure 1B8.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 9a may also be provided. 1B7 is not provided, the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 9b can be connected with the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 9b can be connected with the jet end of the injector 8c.
  • the setting of the second electronic expansion valve 9b can adjust the flow rate entering the jet end of the injector 8c, thereby making up for the lack of flow adjustment capability of the injector 8c, and more effectively adjusting the state parameters of the thermal management system.
  • the throttling device also includes a third electronic expansion valve 9c, a second valve A, a third valve B, a fourth valve C and a fifth valve D; the inlet of the second valve A and the third heat exchange tube group
  • the outlet a12 is connected, the outlet of the second valve A is connected with the jet end of the injector 8c, one end of the third valve B is connected with the outlet a32 of the second heat exchange tube group, and the other end of the third valve B is connected with the flow direction of the injector 8c.
  • One end of the fourth valve C is connected with the outlet a32 of the second heat exchange tube group, and the other end of the fourth valve C is connected with the pipeline between the output end of the injector 8c and the inlet of the third gas-liquid separator 8b Connected, one end of the fifth valve D is connected to the liquid phase output end of the third gas-liquid separator 8d, the other end of the fifth valve D is connected to the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group, and one end of the third electronic expansion valve 9c It is connected with the pipeline between the inlet of the second valve A and the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group. The other end of the third electronic expansion valve 9c is connected with the outlet of the fifth valve D and the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group is divided into two channels, one of which uses the injector 8c.
  • the third electronic expansion valve 9c needs to be closed, and the fourth valve C is closed. Open the second valve A, the third valve B and the fifth valve D.
  • the coolant passing through the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group enters the injector 8c from the jet end through the second valve A, and the jet flow enters the injection through the third valve B.
  • the cooling liquid at the guide end and the jet end of the injector 8c enters the third gas-liquid separator 8d from the output end of the injector 8c.
  • the other path uses the third electronic expansion valve 9c.
  • the refrigerant circuit of the thermal management system may include an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger includes a seventh heat exchange tube group, the input end a41 of which is connected to the outlet a12 of the third heat exchange tube group, and the output end a42 of which is connected to the inlet a31 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger allows the refrigerant to directly exchange heat with the external environment, which can make up for the lack of secondary heat exchange efficiency on the water side and improve system capabilities under extreme high and low temperature conditions.
  • the thermal management system also includes a thirteenth valve body 16 and a fourteenth valve body 15 .
  • the first end of the thirteenth valve body 16 exchanges heat with the fourth valve body 15 .
  • the outlet a13 of the pipe exchange group is connected, the second end of the thirteenth valve body 16 is connected with the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange pipe group, the third end of the thirteenth valve body 16 is connected with the inlet of the warm air core, and
  • the outlet of the fourteenth valve body 15 is connected to the pipeline between the warm air core and the valve body assembly, and the inlet of the fourteenth valve body 15 is connected to the pipeline between the cold air core and the valve body assembly; that is, the fourth replacement
  • the outlet a13 of the heat pipe group can be connected to the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group through the thirteenth valve body 16, and the control part directly contacts the hot and cold water of the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group, so that The temperature of the overall coolant increases, and the finally mixed coolant returns
  • the thirteenth valve body is a three-way valve
  • the fourteenth valve body is a one-way valve
  • the thermal management system also includes a third valve body 17 , a fourth valve body 18 and a fifth valve Body 19, the first end of the third valve body 17 is connected with the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group, the second end of the third valve body 17 is connected with the inlet of the cold air core body, and the third end of the third valve body 17 is connected with the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group. It is connected with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly; the first end of the fourth valve body 18 is connected with the outlet of the warm air core, and the second end of the fourth valve body 18 is connected with the inlet of the cold air core.
  • the third end of 18 is connected to the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly; the first end of the fifth valve body 19 is connected to the outlet of the cold air core, and the second end of the fifth valve body 19 is connected to the second end of the valve body assembly. a27 is connected, and the third end of the fifth valve body 19 is connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly.
  • the air conditioning box assembly is in the heating state. In order to realize the series heat exchange between the cold air core and the warm air core, it improves the heat exchange on the passenger compartment side.
  • the third end is in a closed state
  • the first end and the third end of the fifth valve body 19 are controlled to be in a conductive state
  • the second end of the fifth valve body 19 is in a closed state, so that the second heat exchange tube group
  • the hot coolant in the coolant first heats the air entering the passenger compartment through the warm air core, and then enters the cold air core through the first and second ends of the fourth valve body 18 to continue heating the passenger cabin air, and then passes through the fifth valve body 19
  • the first end and the third end return to the fourth circuit.
  • the low-temperature cooling liquid of the first heat exchange tube group directly enters the second end of the valve body assembly through the first end and the third end of the third valve body 17 After a27, go to other circuits to absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange area of the warm air core and the cold air core in the air conditioning box assembly can be maximized to improve the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management system also includes a sixth valve body 20 , a seventh valve body 21 and an eighth valve body 22 .
  • the first end of the sixth valve body 20 is connected to the first end of the sixth valve body 20 .
  • the outlet a34 of a heat exchange tube group is connected, the second end of the sixth valve body 20 is connected with the inlet of the cold air core, the third end of the sixth valve body 20 is connected with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly; the seventh valve
  • the first end of the body 21 is connected to the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the second end of the seventh valve body 21 is connected to the inlet of the warm air core, and the third end of the seventh valve body 21 is connected to the inlet of the cold air core.
  • the pipeline is connected with the second end of the sixth valve body 20; the first end of the eighth valve body 22 is connected with the outlet of the cold air core, and the second end of the eighth valve body 22 is connected with the second end of the valve body assembly.
  • the end a27 is connected, and the third end of the eighth valve body 22 is connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly.
  • the air conditioning box assembly is in the heating state. In order to achieve parallel heat exchange between the cold air core and the warm air core, the heat exchange on the passenger compartment side is improved.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the first heat exchange tube group directly enters the second end a27 of the valve body assembly through the first and third ends of the sixth valve body 20 and then goes to other circuits to absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange area of the warm air core and the cold air core in the air conditioning box assembly can be maximized to improve the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management system also includes a ninth valve body 23, and an air inlet heat exchanger is added to the outside air inlet of the air conditioning box, where the inlet of the air inlet heat exchanger It is connected with the first end of the ninth three-way valve 23, the outlet of the air inlet heat exchanger is connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, and the second end of the ninth valve body 23 is connected with the outlet of the warm air core.
  • the third end of the nine-three-way valve 23 is connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly.
  • the hot coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group is first heated by the warm air core and enters
  • the air in the passenger compartment then passes through the second end and the first end of the ninth valve body 23 and enters the air heat exchanger to preheat the low-temperature gas of the external circulation incoming air, and then returns to the fourth circuit.
  • This arrangement can ensure the air outlet temperature of the passenger compartment while maximizing the use of higher-temperature hot coolant heated by the warm core to improve the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management system also includes a tenth valve body 24, an eleventh valve body 25 and a twelfth valve body 26.
  • the first end of the tenth valve body 24 It is connected with the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group, the second end of the tenth valve body 24 is connected with the inlet of the cold air core, and the third end of the tenth valve body 24 is connected with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly;
  • the first end of the eleventh valve body 25 is connected to the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the second end of the eleventh valve body 25 is connected to the inlet of the warm air core, and the third end of the eleventh valve body 25 is connected to the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the first end of the twelfth valve body 26 is connected with the outlet of the cold air core body
  • the second end of the twelfth valve body 26 is connected with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly
  • the tenth valve body 26 is connected with the outlet end of the cold air core body.
  • the third end of the second valve body 26 is connected to the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly; among them, an intermediate inlet a15 is also provided on the fourth heat exchange tube group, and the intermediate inlet a15 is connected with the outlet of the warm air core.
  • the hot coolant output from the fourth heat exchange tube group passes through the eleventh valve body 25 respectively.
  • the hot coolant entering the warm air core can heat the air entering the passenger compartment.
  • the coolant in the warm air core can directly pass through the middle inlet a15 of the fourth heat exchange tube group. Enter the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the hot coolant entering the cold air core can heat the incoming air, then enters the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly through the twelfth valve body 26, and enters the fourth exchanger through the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the inlet a14 of the heat pipe group can realize the graded distribution of the recirculating coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the low-temperature coolant is cooled after preheating, and ends at the inlet a14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the middle inlet a15 is mixed with the medium-temperature coolant after entering the warm air core, it is finally heated to the high-temperature coolant, completing the cooling of the coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group. heating process.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the first heat exchange tube group directly enters the second end a27 of the valve body assembly through the first and third ends of the tenth valve body 24 and then goes to other circuits to absorb heat.
  • Such a structure can ensure that the temperature change curve of the coolant matches the temperature change curve of the refrigerant by adjusting the flow rate of the eleventh valve body 25, thereby reducing the energy loss of the system and improving efficiency.
  • the air conditioning box assembly also includes an additional core body
  • the thermal management system also includes a fifteenth valve body 28a, a sixteenth valve body 28b and a seventeenth valve body 28c; the first valve body of the fifteenth valve body 28a The end is connected to the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group, the second end of the fifteenth valve body 28a is connected to the inlet of the cold air core, and the third end of the fifteenth valve body 28a is connected to the third end of the sixteenth valve body 28b.
  • the second end of the sixteenth valve body 28b is connected with the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group
  • the third end of the sixteenth valve body 28b is connected with the inlet of the warm air core
  • the inlet of the additional core It is connected with the pipeline between the third end of the fifteenth valve body 28a and the first end of the sixteenth end.
  • the outlet of the additional core body is connected with the first end of the seventeenth valve body 28c.
  • the seventeenth valve body 28c The second end of the 15th valve body 28a is connected with the pipeline between the inlet of the cold air core body, and the third end of the 17th valve body 28c is connected with the third end of the 16th valve body 28b.
  • the pipes between the inlets of the heater cores are connected.
  • the warm air core and the cold air core can also cool or heat the passenger compartment respectively, and the additional core can participate as an additional cold air core or warm air core according to the difference in cooling and heating loads. Cooling or heating.
  • the additional core when cooling the passenger compartment, can be used as a cold air core, and the high-temperature coolant from outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group passes through the second end of the sixteenth valve body 28b and the sixteenth valve The third end of the body 28b flows to the inlet of the warm air core.
  • the first end of the seventeenth valve body 28c is closed, and the high-temperature coolant can only enter the warm air core and be cooled by the warm air core.
  • the liquid enters the valve body assembly to dissipate heat to the outside world, and then returns to the inlet a14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the coolant from the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group passes through the first end of the fifteenth valve body 28a and the third end of the fifteenth valve body 28a and enters the additional warm air core for heat exchange, and then passes through the seventeenth valve
  • the first end of the body 28c and the second end of the seventeenth valve body 28c flow into the cold air core, and finally enter the valve body assembly through the outlet of the cold air core. After the cycle is completed, they flow back to the inlet a33 of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the additional core When heating the passenger compartment, the additional core is used as a warm air core, in which the coolant from the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group enters the fifteenth valve body through the first end of the fifteenth valve body 28a 28a, the second end of the seventieth valve body 28c is closed. After the coolant enters the cold air core through the second end of the fifteenth valve body 28a, it enters other coolant circuits through the valve body assembly, absorbs heat, and then flows back to the third coolant circuit.
  • the inlet a33 of a heat exchange tube group After the coolant enters the cold air core through the second end of the fifteenth valve body 28a, it enters other coolant circuits through the valve body assembly, absorbs heat, and then flows back to the third coolant circuit.
  • the high-temperature coolant at outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group enters the additional core through the second end of the sixteenth valve body 28b and the first end of the sixteenth valve body 28b for heat exchange, and then passes through the seventeenth valve body
  • the third end of 28c enters the warm air core for heat exchange, and finally enters the valve body assembly from the outlet of the warm air core, and then returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group a14.
  • both the cold air core and the warm air core are in working condition, and the additional core can be flexibly used as a cold air core or a warm air core according to the cooling and heating loads.
  • the thermal management system can also Set temperature and pressure sensors at various key locations, such as: temperature and pressure sensor P10, temperature and pressure sensor P11, temperature and pressure sensor P12, and temperature and pressure sensor P13.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P10 is set at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output by the compressor;
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P11 is set at the outlet of the second heat exchange tube group and is used for the second heat exchange tube group. Output temperature and pressure.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P12 is set at the water inlet of the battery and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the battery.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P13 is set at the water inlet of the electric driver and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the electric driver. It should be understood that the key positions illustrated above are only illustrative examples, and the present application is not limited to only these key positions.
  • each component in the thermal management system can also be modularly designed in an integrated manner.
  • Modular design refers to integrating components with similar functions or similar structures (which can also be randomly selected components) to form modules. This not only helps to reduce the occupied space, but also enables free combination using modules, improving design flexibility. sex. There are many ways to implement modular design, such as:
  • each valve component in the thermal management system can be integrated into a first integrated unit (called a valve component assembly).
  • Valve components are components that can control the flow of liquid.
  • Each valve component may include several of the twelfth valve body, the nine-way valve, the first water pump 11, the second water pump 12, the third water pump 10, the fourth water pump 13 and a kettle. The following is an example of several possible integration methods of the valve assembly.
  • FIG 2A exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of an integrated method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application. As shown in Figure 2A, this integrated method combines a nine-way valve, a first water pump 11, a third water pump 10 and a fourth water pump 13. Integrated in the first integration unit.
  • FIG 2B illustrates a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • this integration method combines the first valve body, the nine-way valve, the first water pump 11, and the third water pump. 10.
  • the second water pump 12 and the fourth water pump 13 are integrated in the valve assembly.
  • the valve assembly in this way integrates more parts than the way in Figure 2A, so the structure is lighter.
  • FIG 3A illustrates a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application. As shown in Figure 3A, this integration method integrates the water-cooled condenser 2, the water-cooled evaporator 3, and the heater into a refrigerant component assembly. Into, the port on one side of the battery cooler is set The first throttle valve 14 may also be integrated into the refrigerant component assembly.
  • FIG 3B illustrates a schematic structural diagram of yet another integration method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • this integration method combines a water-cooled condenser 2, a water-cooled evaporator 3, a heater, a compressor 1,
  • the heat recovery collector 8a is integrated into the refrigerant component assembly, and the first throttle valve 14 provided at one side port of the battery cooler can also be integrated into the refrigerant component assembly.
  • FIG 4 exemplarily shows a structural schematic diagram of yet another integration method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • this integration method simultaneously integrates each plate replacement component and each valve component in the thermal management system at the same time.
  • each plate replacement component may include one or more of the water-cooled condenser 2, water-cooled evaporator 4, heater, compressor 1, and heat recovery collector
  • each valve component may include a nine-way valve. , one or more of the first water pump 11, the third water pump 10, the second water pump 12, the kettle, and the first valve body 27. In this way, more components are integrated, so the structure is lighter.
  • integrating various components in the front cabin of the electric vehicle not only helps to reduce the structural complexity of the thermal management system and reduces the occupied space, but also This compact structural arrangement shortens the wiring between various components, thereby helping to solve the problems of divergent installation locations and overly long pipelines of thermal management system components in current electric vehicles.
  • the pressure loss of the coolant or refrigerant during the circulation process becomes smaller, which also helps to improve the efficiency of the refrigerant circuit.
  • this integration method can be made into modular components, which also facilitates maintenance and portability.
  • first embodiment of the present application can also integrate other components, which can be integrated based on the valve body assembly or other components, which are not listed here.
  • the first valve body 27 is a first three-way valve
  • the second valve body is a first three-way valve.
  • the refrigerant loop includes a third loop, and the loop is preset with refrigerant, such as Freon.
  • refrigerant such as Freon.
  • the refrigerant gas in this loop is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas at the compressor, and then returns to the compressor through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group in sequence.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor is heat-exchanged with the fourth heat-exchange tube group in the third heat-exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature refrigerant liquid (the corresponding fourth heat-exchange tube group obtains high-temperature refrigerant liquid after heat exchange) cooling liquid), the low-temperature refrigerant liquid then flows into the second heat exchange tube group, and performs heat exchange processing with the first heat exchange tube group in the second heat exchange tube group to obtain high-temperature refrigerant gas (corresponding to the third heat exchange tube group).
  • a heat exchange tube group obtains low-temperature coolant after heat exchange).
  • the first coolant loop includes a fourth loop, and a coolant is preset in the loop, such as a mixed liquid of water and ethanol.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 10 and passes through the inlet a14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the warm air core, and the sixth end of the valve body assembly. a28, the fifth end of the valve body assembly returns to the first water pump 10 after a21.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain high-temperature coolant, and the high-temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop to heat the warm air core.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop.
  • the second coolant loop includes a first loop and a second loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 11, and sequentially passes through the outlet a34 of the first heat exchange tube group, the third water pump 11, the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, and the second end a27 of the valve body assembly.
  • the fourth end a22, the first valve body 27, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the inlet a33 of the first heat exchange tube group form a loop.
  • the first heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop to cool the cold air core or enter the valve body assembly to cool the battery.
  • the first heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop.
  • the third coolant loop includes a first loop and a second loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 11 and the second water pump 12, starting from the second water pump 12 and passing through the battery, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the A heat exchange tube group, the first water pump 11, the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and the first valve body 27 then return to the second water pump 12.
  • the third coolant loop is an active cooling loop for the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant flows through the first valve body 27 and distributes part of the flow, so that the battery module water channel reaches the desired cooling temperature.
  • the first heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the battery through the third coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the refrigerant loop is closed, the first heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the third coolant loop.
  • a fourth coolant loop includes a first loop, a second loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 11, the second water pump 12 and the fourth water pump 13. Starting from the second water pump 12, it passes through the battery, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the seventh end of the valve body assembly. Terminal a25, cooler, electric driver, fourth water pump 13, eighth terminal a24 of the valve body assembly, The first end a26 of the valve body assembly, the first heat exchange tube group, the first water pump 11, the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and the first valve body 27 return to the second water pump 12.
  • the third coolant loop is an active and passive cooling loop for the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant flows through the first valve body 27 and distributes part of the flow, so that the battery module water channel reaches the desired cooling temperature.
  • the fourth coolant loop is very similar to the third coolant loop, except that the coolant in the third coolant loop flows through the valve body assembly and directly goes to the first heat exchange tube group for cooling, while the fourth coolant loop After the coolant flows through the valve body assembly, it continues to cool through the front-end cooling module. Therefore, regardless of whether the first refrigerant loop is connected or not, the fourth coolant loop can simultaneously cool the battery and the electric driver.
  • the coolant in the fourth coolant loop can actively exchange heat and cool down through the first heat exchange tube group, and then go through the front-end cooling module for secondary cooling, so The cooling effect is better.
  • the first heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the battery and the environment through the fourth coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the coolant in the fourth coolant loop is only cooled by the front-end cooling module. Therefore, the battery and electric drive are actually naturally cooled based on the ambient temperature.
  • a fifth coolant loop includes a second loop and a fourth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 10 and the second water pump 12, starting from the second water pump 12 and passing through the battery, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and the The three water pumps 10, the fourth heat exchange tube group, the warm air core, the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and the first valve body 27 return to the second water pump 12.
  • the fifth coolant loop is an active battery heating loop.
  • the high-temperature coolant flows through the first valve body 27 and distributes a portion of the flow, so that the battery module water channel reaches the desired heating temperature.
  • the second fan can first use the heater core to heat the air and then blow the heated air into the passenger compartment. If a lot of heat is not consumed in this process, the remaining heat of the coolant is still there. It will flow to the battery via the third water pump 10 and the second water pump 12, thereby heating the passenger compartment and the battery at the same time.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the fifth coolant loop.
  • a sixth coolant loop includes a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the fourth water pump 13. Starting from the fourth water pump 13, it passes through the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly, the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, the cooler, and the electric driver, and then returns to The fourth water pump 13.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop.
  • the coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive. If the temperature of the electric driver is too low, part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 13 can be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end a29 of the valve body assembly, and the other part can be passed through the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly and cooled.
  • the coolant in the two branches merges to increase the temperature of the coolant, which helps to ease the cooling effect on the electric drive.
  • a seventh coolant loop includes a first loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 11 and the fourth water pump 13. Starting from the fourth water pump 13, it passes through the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly, the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, and the first heat exchanger.
  • the pipe group, the first water pump 11, the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, the cooler, and the electric driver return to the fourth water pump 13.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop.
  • the coolant passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the front-stage cooler to cool down, and then flows to the electric drive, thereby actively cooling the electric drive.
  • the first heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the electric drive and the environment through the seventh coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the electric drive to meet the heating needs in winter. If the temperature of the seventh coolant loop is higher than the ambient temperature during heating, the coolant output by the fourth water pump 13 can also be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end a29 of the valve body assembly to avoid heat dissipation into the external environment. Lead to waste.
  • the eighth coolant loop includes a fourth loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 10 and the fourth water pump 13, starting from the third water pump 10 and passing through the fourth heat exchange tube group, the warm air core body, the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, and The seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 13, the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly, the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and finally return to the third water pump 10.
  • This coolant circuit is an active heating circuit for the electric drive. From another perspective, the second heat exchange tube group can also dissipate heat from the electric drive and the environment through the eighth coolant loop to meet summer cooling needs.
  • a ninth coolant loop includes a second loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in this loop is driven by the second water pump 12 , starts from the second water pump 12 , passes through the battery, the second one-way valve 7 (second valve body), and then returns to the second water pump 12 .
  • This coolant circuit is a battery temperature equalization circuit.
  • the separate temperature equalizing coolant loop realizes the battery temperature equalizing function without affecting the switching of other modes.
  • a tenth coolant loop includes a second loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the second water pump 12 and the fourth water pump 13. Starting from the fourth water pump 13, it passes through the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22, the twelfth and third ends of the valve body assembly.
  • This loop is an electric drive battery cooling loop.
  • the coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive and battery.
  • part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 13 can also be directly circulated to the electric driver through the ninth end a29 of the valve body assembly, and the other part can be passed through the seventh end of the valve body assembly.
  • A25 and the cooler are transmitted to the electric driver, so that the coolant in the two branches merges to increase the temperature of the coolant, which helps to ease the cooling effect on the electric driver and battery.
  • the electric vehicle can also be provided with a controller, and the control end of each valve in the thermal management system, the control end of each water pump, and the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor can also be connected to the controller.
  • the controller can not only realize different temperature modes by controlling each valve and each water pump, but also obtain the temperature and pressure at each key position from the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor during the control process. Temperature and pressure determine whether the current temperature and pressure meet the needs of the current temperature mode. If not, real-time adjustments can be made to try to adjust the temperature and pressure to the current temperature mode.
  • Figure 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a mode in which the passenger compartment and the battery are simultaneously cooled in a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the controller in the M10 mode, can communicate with the second end of the valve body assembly. a27 and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly open the first throttle valve 14 and start the first water pump 11 and the second water pump 12 .
  • the refrigerant circuit and the third coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor undergoes heat exchange through the third heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the second heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange tube group exchanges heat with the first heat exchange tube group to cool down the cooling liquid in the first heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature cooling liquid.
  • the low-temperature cooling liquid passes through the cold air core and the second end of the valve body assembly in sequence.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 can open the opening corresponding to the cold air core, so that the passenger cabin air conditioner is set to full cooling mode, and the heater is not started, so the coolant flowing on the warm air core only flows through the air-conditioning box assembly as a bypass. , will not have a major impact on the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box assembly of the passenger cabin and the data of the battery water inlet collected by the temperature and pressure sensor P12 in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin and the battery temperature.
  • the controller can adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 14 to change the amount of refrigerant on the refrigerant loop to adjust the passenger compartment temperature and battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 14 , so that more refrigerant liquid flows through the cold air core (achieved by automatically changing the amount of stored refrigerant liquid through a liquid storage tank or a gas-liquid separation device), improving the cooling effect of the cold air core and increasing the impact on the occupants. cabin cooling effect.
  • a part of the coolant is diverted from the mixed flow of the battery circuit through the first three-way valve 27 to meet the cooling requirements of the battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M10 mode is, for example, a user driving an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment and battery may be very high. Overheating of the battery may cause accidents such as battery explosion, affecting the physical and mental safety of users. Overheating of the passenger compartment will reduce the user experience. For example, if the user is in an overheated environment for a long time, he may suffer from heat stroke. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M10 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment and battery can be cooled at the same time to maximize the user experience while ensuring safety.
  • Figure 5B illustrates a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of independent cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the fourth end of the valve body assembly The end a22 is connected, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly is connected with the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the first water pump 11 is started.
  • the first three-way valve 27 only connects the ports of the third end a23 and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, no low-temperature coolant flows through the battery, so the battery is not cooled.
  • the refrigerant circuit is conductive and the second coolant circuit is conductive.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor undergoes heat exchange through the first heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the second heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange tube group exchanges heat with the first heat exchange tube group to cool down the cooling liquid in the first heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature cooling liquid.
  • the low-temperature cooling liquid passes through the cold air core body and the second part of the valve body assembly in turn.
  • the end a27, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly return to the first heat exchange tube group to cool the passenger compartment.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to full cooling mode, and the heater is not activated. Therefore, the coolant flowing on the heater core only flows through the air conditioning box assembly as a bypass and will not have a major impact on the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box of the passenger cabin in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve and increase the speed of the compressor. In this way, the compressor will compress the refrigerant gas with higher pressure and higher temperature.
  • the refrigerant gas passes through the water-cooled condenser and will After more refrigerant liquid is passed through the first throttle valve with a larger opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the second heat exchange tube group, which helps to further reduce the pressure of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the coolant temperature improves the cooling effect on the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and reduce the speed of the compressor to reduce the cooling effect on the passenger compartment and avoid discomfort to the user. .
  • the M11 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: users often need to lower the temperature of the passenger compartment before entering the passenger compartment to drive an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is very high, but the temperature of the battery is not high because it has not been started. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M11 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be cooled independently. This method, while meeting user needs, can also help save power and improve the endurance of electric vehicles. .
  • Figure 5C can also be a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery-only cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M12 mode, can connect the second end a27 of the valve body assembly with The fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly open the first throttle valve 14 and start the first water pump 11 and the second water pump 12 .
  • the refrigerant circuit and the third coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the second heat exchange tube.
  • the group evaporates and absorbs heat, and the second heat exchange tube group exchanges heat with the first heat exchange tube group, so that the coolant in the first heat exchange tube group cools down to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the cold air core in turn.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 can close the opening corresponding to the cold air core and the cold air core, and the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to a closed mode. The coolant flowing on the cold air core flows through the air conditioning box and will not affect the temperature of the cab. greater impact.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the battery water inlet in real time or periodically to determine the battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve and increase the speed of the compressor. In this way, the compressor will compress the refrigerant gas with higher pressure and higher temperature. The refrigerant gas will get more refrigerant liquid after passing through the water-cooled condenser, and then after passing through the first throttle valve with a larger opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the second heat exchange tube group, which will help The cooling effect of the second heat exchange tube group on the cooling water in the first heat exchange tube group is increased, thereby increasing the cooling effect on the cooling liquid and improving the cooling effect of the battery.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the first throttle valve and reduce the speed of the compressor to reduce the cooling effect on the battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M12 mode is, for example: the user drives an electric vehicle in spring and autumn.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is relatively suitable, but the battery temperature may be higher because it is always providing power. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M12 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled alone, which helps avoid battery overheating and ensures user safety.
  • Figure 5D1 and Figure 5D2 exemplarily show a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery cooling and passenger compartment heating.
  • the controller in the M13 mode, can communicate with the valve body assembly.
  • the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly open the first throttle valve 14, and start the first water pump 11, the third water pump 10 and the second water pump 12.
  • the sixth end a28 and the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly are connected with the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly and the sixth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is opened and the first water pump 11 and the third water pump 10 are started. , the second water pump 12 and the fourth water pump 13.
  • the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop, and the third coolant loop are connected to each other, or the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop, and the eighth coolant loop are connected to each other.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor undergoes heat exchange in the third heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second heat exchange tube group and evaporates before returning to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, respectively providing heat and cooling to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air. wind.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the third coolant loop passes through the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, the second water pump 12, the battery, and the valve body.
  • the third end a23 of the assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the passenger compartment in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can increase the compressor speed and increase the temperature in the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the refrigerant temperature and pressure are adjusted to improve the heating effect of the coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group and promote the heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller controls the first cooling circuit to switch to the eighth cooling circuit to pass high-temperature coolant to the front-end cooler to remove more heat.
  • the controller can also adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and the rotation speed of the compressor to make the battery inlet water temperature reach the desired level. The specific adjustment method is as described above and will not be described again here.
  • the M13 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the user drives an electric vehicle to move quickly in winter, or drives an electric vehicle uphill.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is lower due to the influence of the external environment, but fast movement or going uphill will consume more power, causing the battery temperature to be higher. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M13 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled while heating the passenger compartment. This not only helps to improve the user's comfort, but also avoids battery overheating and ensures the user's safety. Safety.
  • Figure 5E illustrates a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the natural cooling mode of the battery.
  • the controller in the M14 mode, can communicate with the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly and the valve body assembly.
  • the eighth end a24 connects the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly and the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, turns off the first throttle valve, and starts the second water pump 12 and the fourth water pump 13.
  • the tenth coolant circuit is opened.
  • the coolant in the tenth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module to be cooled by the temperature in the natural environment, and then flows to the electric driver and battery to cool the electric driver and battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M14 mode is, for example: charging an electric vehicle.
  • this scenario although the battery will get a little hot during charging, this heating is a safety phenomenon specified by the factory settings. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M14 mode in the above manner, only the front-end cooling module can be used to naturally cool the battery, without starting the compressor to forcefully cool the battery, thus saving more power.
  • Figure 5F exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the motor natural cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M15 mode, can communicate with the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly and the valve body assembly.
  • the seventh terminal a25 turns off the first throttle valve and starts the fourth water pump 13.
  • the sixth coolant loop is turned on, and the coolant in the sixth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module to be cooled by the temperature in the natural environment, and then flows to the electric driver to cool the electric driver. device.
  • the applicable scenario of the M15 mode is, for example: braking while driving an electric vehicle.
  • braking may cause the electric actuator to generate heat, and this heating will end in a short time, and no strong cooling is required. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M15 mode in the above manner, it is possible to only use the front-end cooling module to naturally cool the electric drive, without starting the compressor to forcefully cool the electric drive, thus saving more power. .
  • Figure 5G exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of simultaneous heating of the passenger compartment and battery.
  • the controller in the M16 mode, can communicate with the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly. and the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, connecting the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27 points to the battery, that is, the first three-way valve 27 and the second water pump 12 and the two ports connected to the third end a23 of the valve body assembly are connected, the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the third water pump 10 and the second water pump 12 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second heat exchanger
  • the tube group evaporates and returns to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the fourth heat exchange tube group, and the passenger cabin air conditioning box turns on the full heating mode. Therefore, the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air. . Then the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop flows to the battery through the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, and the second water pump 12, and passes through the valve body assembly. The third end a23 of the valve body assembly, the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the controller increases the compressor speed to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group. If the heating effect is too great, the controller can also control the opening of the first three-way valve 27 toward the battery and mix it with the battery's own coolant for heating to reach a suitable heating temperature.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the seventh coolant loop flows from the fourth heat exchange tube group through the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, the cooler, the electric driver, and the valve body
  • the eighth end a24 of the assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly return to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the cooling capacity required by the system is recovered from the environment and the electric drive through the seventh coolant circuit.
  • the energy of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can heat the air in the air-conditioning box assembly to heat the passenger compartment. This energy can also heat the battery, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each circuit in the thermal management system. .
  • the M16 mode is applicable to a scenario such as: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the passenger compartment and battery are affected by the external environment, resulting in low temperatures.
  • This low temperature not only makes the user experience poor, but may also cause the battery to be in a low temperature state for a long time and consume more electric energy, reducing the endurance of the electric vehicle. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M16 mode in the above manner, the battery can be heated while heating the passenger compartment, which is beneficial to protecting the battery power and improving the user experience.
  • Figure 5H exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery heating and passenger compartment dehumidification.
  • the controller in the M17 mode, can communicate with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and The seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly communicates with the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, communicates with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and communicates with the valve body The third end a23 of the assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the first water pump 11, the third water pump 10, the fourth water pump 13 and the second water pump 12 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second exchanger.
  • the heat pipe group evaporates and returns to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the warm air core from the fourth heat exchange tube group, and then the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the valve
  • the fourth end a22 of the body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, the second water pump 12, flow to the battery pass through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly, and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly and then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group , to heat up the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the seventh coolant loop enters the cold air core from the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner turns on the dehumidification mode.
  • the air entering the passenger cabin first undergoes the cooling and dehumidification process of the cold air core and then passes through the warm air core.
  • the body undergoes a heating process, and then the coolant passes through the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, and enters the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 13, the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly, and the valve
  • the first end a26 of the body assembly returns to the first heat exchange tube group.
  • all battery-electric drives have heating needs and there is excess cooling capacity, so a certain amount of cooling capacity is output to the outside through the cooler.
  • the controller can increase the compressor speed and increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the controller can also control the first three-way valve at the same time. 27 points to the opening of the battery, and is heated by mixing with the coolant of the battery itself to reach the appropriate heating temperature.
  • the applicable scenario of the M17 mode is, for example, when the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in humid winter, but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the battery is affected by the external environment, resulting in a low temperature
  • the passenger compartment is affected by the external environment, resulting in high humidity. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M17 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be dehumidified while heating the battery, which not only helps protect the battery power, but also improves the user experience.
  • Figure 5I exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller in the M18 mode, can communicate with the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly and the valve.
  • the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly is connected to the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, and is connected to the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly.
  • the flow valve 14 is turned on, and the first water pump 11, the third water pump 10 and the fourth water pump 13 are started. In this case, the refrigerant circuit, the first coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second exchanger.
  • the heat pipe group evaporates and returns to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the fourth heat exchange tube group, and the passenger cabin air conditioning box turns on the full heat mode.
  • the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air. Then, the high-temperature coolant in the first coolant loop returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group through the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the seventh coolant loop flows from the first heat exchange tube group through the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, the cooler, the electric driver, and the valve body
  • the eighth end a24 of the assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly return to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the cooling capacity required by the system is recovered from the environment and the electric drive through the seventh coolant loop.
  • valve body assembly is in the first working condition.
  • the M18 mode is applicable to the scenario, for example: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter, but the external ambient temperature is still within the range that the battery can withstand. .
  • the thermal management system By adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M18 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be heated independently.
  • Figure 5J illustrates a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery-only heating mode.
  • the controller in the M19 mode, can communicate with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the valve body.
  • the seventh end a25 of the assembly is connected to the eighth end of the valve body assembly.
  • a24 and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly are connected with the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, and are connected with the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the first water pump 11, the second water pump 12, the third water pump 10 and the fourth water pump 13 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second exchanger.
  • the heat pipe group evaporates and returns to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the fourth heat exchange tube group, the passenger cabin air conditioner is turned off, and the passenger cabin air inlet passes through the heater core and does not participate in heat exchange, and then the fifth coolant
  • the high-temperature coolant in the loop flows to the battery through the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, the second water pump 12, and passes through the third end a23 of the valve body assembly. , the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly and then returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the seventh coolant loop is output from the first heat exchange tube group and enters the cold air core.
  • the air conditioner of the passenger cabin is turned off.
  • the inlet air of the passenger cabin passes through the cold air core and does not participate in heat exchange.
  • the coolant passes through the valve body assembly.
  • the controller can increase the speed of compressor 1 to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the controller can also control the first tee at the same time.
  • the valve 27 points to the opening of the battery, and is heated by mixing with the coolant of the battery itself to reach a suitable heating temperature.
  • the M19 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the battery temperature is low in winter due to the influence of the external environment, but the user is not cold or the user is not in the car.
  • the thermal management system can be adjusted to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M19 mode in the above manner to achieve the function of only heating the battery.
  • Figure 5K1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the vehicle dehumidification mode.
  • the controller in the M20 mode, can communicate with the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the valve body assembly.
  • the fourth end a22 connects the third end a23 of the valve body assembly and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly, connects the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and opens the first throttle valve 14.
  • the first end a26 of the body assembly is connected to the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly, and is connected to the eighth end a24 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the flow valve 14 starts the first water pump 11, the third water pump 10 and the fourth water pump 13; it can also connect the second end a27 of the valve body assembly and the seventh end a25 of the valve body assembly as shown in Figure 5K3, and connect the third end a25 of the valve body assembly.
  • the eighth end a24 and the first end a26 of the valve body assembly are connected to the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly and the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is opened and the first water pump 11 and the third water pump 10 are started. and fourth water pump 13.
  • the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop and the second coolant loop are connected, or the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop and the eighth coolant loop are connected, Or the refrigerant loop, the second coolant loop and the seventh coolant loop are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the second heat exchanger.
  • the tube group evaporates and returns to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group and the first heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the first coolant loop passes through the warm air core from the fourth heat exchange tube group, and then passes through the sixth end a28 of the valve body assembly, the fifth end a21 of the valve body assembly, and the third water pump 10 Return to the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the second coolant loop passes through the cold air core, the second end a27 of the valve body assembly, the fourth end a22 of the valve body assembly, the first three-way valve 27, the third end a23 of the valve body assembly,
  • the first end a26 of the valve body assembly returns to the first heat exchange tube group, and the passenger cabin air conditioning box turns on the heating and dehumidification mode. Therefore, the air conditioner first cools and dehumidifies through the cold air core, and then heats the air through the warm air core and blows out warm air.
  • the heat can also be transferred to the environment through the seventh coolant circuit and the eighth coolant circuit respectively.
  • the M20 mode can be executed regularly according to a preset cycle to maintain a dry environment throughout the electric vehicle and improve the user experience.
  • thermal management system can implement other modes besides the above-mentioned modes.
  • the same mode can actually be implemented through various different loops, and is not limited to the one introduced above. species, this application will not introduce them one by one.
  • the thermal management system in Embodiment 1 can realize free switching between various cooling modes and various heating modes. These modes include but are not limited to the above-mentioned M10 to M20. In this way, a variety of different modes can be realized with fewer components. The mode can not only meet the different needs of users, but also improve the flexibility of mode switching and expand the applicable scope of the thermal management system.
  • the different ports of the control valve body assembly are connected, so that the valve body assembly can In different working conditions, the thermal management system can also be in different working modes.
  • the first end of the valve body assembly is connected to the third end of the valve body assembly
  • the second end of the valve body assembly is connected to the valve body.
  • the fourth end of the assembly is connected, so that the coolant in the first circuit can circulate to continuously provide cooling energy to the cold air core and keep the passenger compartment in a cooling state.
  • the coolant can flow directly from the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, through the first valve body back to the valve body assembly.
  • the third end and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end of the valve body assembly and the first end of the valve body assembly. After exchanging heat with the outside through the first heat exchange tube group, it then passes through the first water pump.
  • the drive provides cooling capacity for the cold air core.
  • the coolant in the battery can be circulated internally driven by the second valve body and the second water pump to achieve uniform temperature of the battery without affecting the cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • the coolant is driven by the first water pump, and the coolant can flow from the cold air core, the second end of the valve body assembly, the fourth end of the valve body assembly, and when passing through the first valve body, the coolant can also pass through the third After a valve body, it enters the third end of the battery return valve body assembly, and flows back to the first heat exchange tube group through the third end of the valve body assembly. After exchanging heat with the outside through the first heat exchange tube group, it then Driven by the first water pump, the cold air core is provided with cooling capacity.
  • the energy used to cool the passenger compartment can also be used to heat the battery, or when the passenger compartment is being cooled, the battery in the second circuit can also be used for temperature equalization, or the third
  • the coolant in the battery in the secondary circuit does not flow, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each circuit in the thermal management system.
  • the valve body assembly can be a nine-way valve.
  • the first end a26 of the nine-way valve is connected with the inlet a33 of the first heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the first heat exchange tube group a34 is connected to the inlet of the first water pump 11, the outlet of the first water pump 11 is connected to the cold air core, and the outlet of the cold air core is connected to the second end a27 of the nine-way valve;
  • the fourth end of the nine-way valve The terminal a22 is used to communicate with the second terminal of the battery, and the first terminal of the battery is used to communicate with the third terminal a23 of the nine-way valve;
  • the fifth terminal a21 of the nine-way valve is connected with the third terminal of the third water pump 10
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the third water pump 10 is connected with the inlet a14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the outlet a13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected with the inlet of the warm air
  • the outlet of the kettle is connected to the inlet of the fourth water pump, and the outlet of the fourth water pump is connected to the eighth end a24 of the nine-way valve; among them, the ninth end a29 of the nine-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the cooler and the electric driver. .
  • the use of a nine-way valve can simplify the structure of the thermal management system, improve the convenience of controlling the valve body components, and also help reduce the space occupied by the thermal management system.
  • each component in the thermal management system is deployed in the same area as much as possible, which makes the installation position of each component more compact, and the use of the nine-way valve can make the connection between each component more compact. It can have shorter pipeline routing, which not only helps to reduce the space occupied by the thermal management system, but also reduces the pressure loss of the liquid when the liquid circulates along the pipeline, improving the cooling efficiency or system of the thermal management system. Thermal efficiency.
  • the nine-way valve may specifically include a three-way valve, a four-way valve and a five-way valve.
  • the first port V1 of the three-way valve and the first port V1 of the five-way valve are The five-port V5 is connected, and the second port V2 of the three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the cooler. That is, the second port V2 of the three-way valve is equivalent to the seventh port a25 of the nine-way valve, and the third port V3 of the three-way valve is the cooler.
  • the pipeline is connected with the electric driver, that is, the third port of the three-way valve is equivalent to the ninth end a29 of the nine-way valve; the first port V1 of the four-way valve is connected with the outlet of the fourth water pump 13, that is, the four-way The first port of the valve is equivalent to the eighth end a24 of the nine-way valve, and the second port V2 of the four-way valve is connected to the inlet a33 of the first heat exchange tube group. That is, the second port V2 of the four-way valve is equivalent to the nine-way valve.
  • the first end a26 of the four-way valve and the third end V3 of the four-way valve are used to provide cooling or heat for the battery.
  • the third end V3 of the four-way valve is equivalent to the fourth end a22 of the nine-way valve.
  • the fourth end of the four-way valve is The terminal V4 is connected with the first port V1 of the five-way valve. After the connection, the fourth terminal V4 of the four-way valve is connected with the first port V1 of the five-way valve and the inlet of the third water pump 10, which is equivalent to the fifth port of the nine-way valve. terminal a21, the second port V2 of the five-way valve is connected to the outlet of the cold air core, that is, the second port V2 of the five-way valve is equivalent to the second terminal a27 of the nine-way valve, and the third port V3 of the five-way valve is connected to the battery.
  • the pipeline is connected, that is, the third port V3 of the five-way valve is equivalent to the third end a23 of the nine-way valve, and the fourth port V4 of the five-way valve is connected with the outlet of the heater core, that is, the fourth port of the five-way valve V4 is equivalent to the sixth terminal a28 of the nine-way valve.
  • the three-way valve, four-way valve and five-way valve in this way can realize the function of the nine-way valve in the above embodiment.
  • FIG 6A illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the thermal management system may include a compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water-cooled evaporator 4, A water pump 20, a second water pump 22, a third water pump 21, a fourth water pump 23, and an eleven-way valve (the eleven-way valve may be an integration of the nine-way valve and the twelfth three-way valve in Embodiment 1) , batteries, coolers, electric drives.
  • the water-cooled condenser 2 may include a first heat exchange tube group and a second heat exchange tube group
  • the water-cooled evaporator 4 may include a third heat exchange tube group and a fourth heat exchange tube group
  • the air-conditioning box assembly 3 includes a warm air core and a Cold air core.
  • the inlet b11 of the first heat exchange tube group is connected to the output end of the compressor
  • the outlet b12 of the first heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet b31 of the third heat exchange tube group
  • the inlet b14 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the first water pump.
  • the inlet of the first water pump 20 is connected to the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve, and the outlet b13 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the warm air
  • the inlet of the core body and the outlet of the warm air core are connected to the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve, the inlet b31 of the third heat exchange tube group is connected to the output end b12 of the first heat exchange tube group, and the outlet of the third heat exchange tube group b32 is connected to the compressor input.
  • the inlet b33 of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected to the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, the outlet b34 of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet of the third water pump 21, and the outlet of the third water pump 21 is connected to the inlet of the cold air core.
  • the outlet of the cold air core is connected to the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 22, the outlet of the second water pump 22 is connected to the inlet of the battery, and the outlet of the battery is connected to the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected to the inlet of the electric driver, the outlet of the electric driver is connected to the inlet of the kettle, and the outlet of the kettle is connected to the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve.
  • connection relationship of various components in Figure 6A is only an exemplary illustration.
  • the positions of various components located on the same loop can also be exchanged, and are not limited to the connection relationship shown in Figure 6A.
  • the fourth water pump 23 in Figure 6A can also be arranged between the kettle and the electric driver. This position exchange has no essential impact on the implementation of the solution.
  • the specific implementation process of the solution will be introduced below using the thermal management system shown in Figure 6A.
  • the cooler is provided in the front-end cooling module, and the front-end cooling module is also provided with a first fan.
  • the fan can realize heat exchange between the ambient temperature and the cooler based on the ambient air. Therefore, the heat exchange of the cooler can specifically include heating or cooling.
  • the temperature of the coolant in winter is lower than the ambient temperature. Therefore, the front-end cooling module can heat the coolant based on the ambient temperature.
  • the front-end cooling module only cools down. Please note that this does not limit the front-end cooling module to not being able to heat up.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly includes a cold air core and a warm air core, and the air-conditioning box assembly is generally arranged in the passenger compartment of the car.
  • the air-conditioning box assembly can also be provided with a second fan, and the fan can directly blow the ambient air. (neither cooling nor heating) is blown to the passenger compartment, or the air environment can be cooled through the cold air core before the ambient air is blown out, or the air can be heated through the warm air core before the ambient air is blown out.
  • the thermal management system may also include a heater, the input end of the heater is connected to the outlet b13 of the first heat exchange tube group, and the output end of the heater is connected to the warm air core body import.
  • the heater is used to heat the coolant flowing through the heater.
  • the heater can also be used to heat the coolant output from the first heat exchange tube group, so that the flow
  • the coolant flowing to the heater core has a higher temperature, thereby helping to increase the temperature of the warm air blown out to the passenger compartment and improving the heating effect of the passenger compartment. If the temperature of the warm air blown out by the heater core to the passenger compartment is suitable, the heater can be turned off directly.
  • the thermal management system may further include a throttling device, and the throttling device may include a first throttle valve.
  • the inlet of the first throttle valve is connected to the first The outlet b12 of the heat exchange tube group and the outlet of the first throttle valve are connected to the inlet b31 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is used to depressurize and expand the gas before evaporating and absorbing heat and to control the flow rate of the circulating refrigerant.
  • the first throttle valve 14 When the first throttle valve 14 is completely closed, the first throttle valve 14 does not flow the refrigerant. In this case, the refrigerant circuit is cut off and the first circuit cannot provide heating or cooling through the vapor compression cycle.
  • the thermal management system may also include a heat recovery collector 8a.
  • the heat recovery collector 8a includes a fifth heat exchange tube group and a sixth heat exchange tube group, an inlet b44 of the fifth heat exchange tube group, an outlet b12 of the first heat exchange tube group, and an outlet b43 of the fifth heat exchange tube group. It is connected with the inlet b31 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the inlet b42 of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected to the outlet b32 of the third heat exchange tube group, and the outlet b41 of the sixth heat exchange tube group is connected to the compressor input end.
  • the setting of the heat recovery collector 8a can further reduce the refrigerant temperature at the condenser outlet, reduce the dryness of the refrigerant after throttling, and improve the refrigeration capacity on the evaporator side.
  • the refrigerant circuit of the thermal management system may include an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the input end b41 of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the output end b12 of the first heat exchange tube group, and the output end b42 is connected to the input end b31 of the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger allows the refrigerant to directly exchange heat with the external environment, which can make up for the lack of secondary heat exchange efficiency on the water side and improve system capabilities under extreme high and low temperature conditions.
  • the thermal management system can also Temperature and pressure sensors are installed at various key locations, such as temperature and pressure sensor P20, temperature and pressure sensor P21, temperature and pressure sensor P22, and temperature and pressure sensor P23.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P20 is installed at the air outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output by the compressor.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P21 is installed at the air outlet of the third heat exchange tube group and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the battery cooler.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P22 is installed at the water inlet of the electric driver and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the electric driver.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P23 is set at the water inlet of the battery and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the battery. It should be understood that the key positions illustrated above are only illustrative examples, and the present application is not limited to only these key positions.
  • each component in the thermal management system is deployed in the same area as much as possible, which makes each component
  • the installation location of each component is more compact, and there can be shorter pipeline routing between each component, which not only helps to reduce the space occupied by the thermal management system, but also reduces the impact when liquid circulates along the pipeline. Reduce the pressure loss of liquid and improve the cooling or heating efficiency of the thermal management system.
  • each component in the thermal management system can also be modularly designed in an integrated manner.
  • Modular design refers to integrating components with similar functions or similar structures (which can also be randomly selected components) to form modules. This not only helps to reduce the occupied space, but also enables free combination using modules, improving design flexibility. sex. There are many solutions to realize modular design, and the integration method can be carried out as in the first embodiment.
  • integrating various components in the front cabin of the electric vehicle not only helps to reduce the structural complexity of the thermal management system and reduces the occupied space, but also This compact structural arrangement shortens the wiring between various components, thereby helping to solve the problems of divergent installation locations and overly long pipelines of thermal management system components in current electric vehicles.
  • the pressure loss of the coolant or refrigerant during the circulation process becomes smaller, which also helps to improve the efficiency of the refrigerant circuit.
  • this integration method can be made into modular components, which also facilitates maintenance and portability.
  • Refrigerant loop which is pre-filled with refrigerant, such as Freon.
  • refrigerant gas in this loop is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas at the compressor 1, and then returns to the compressor through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor is heat-exchanged with the second heat-exchange tube group in the first heat-exchange tube group to obtain a low-temperature refrigerant liquid (the corresponding first heat-exchange tube group obtains a high-temperature refrigerant liquid after heat exchange) Cooling liquid), the low-temperature refrigerant liquid then flows into the third heat exchange tube group, and performs heat exchange processing with the fourth heat exchange tube group in the third heat exchange tube group to obtain high-temperature refrigerant gas (corresponding to the fourth heat exchange tube group).
  • the heat exchange tube group obtains low-temperature coolant after heat exchange).
  • the first coolant loop is preset with coolant, such as a mixed liquid of water and ethanol.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 20 and passes through the inlet b14 of the second heat exchange tube group, the outlet b13 of the second heat exchange tube group, the warm air core, and the eighth port of the eleven-way valve.
  • Terminal b28 returns to the first water pump 20 after the first terminal b21 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the second heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain high-temperature coolant.
  • the high-temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop, thereby heating the warm air core or entering the eleven-way valve. Warm up other coolant circuits.
  • the second heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop.
  • the second coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 21, and sequentially passes through the outlet b34 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the third water pump 21, the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, and the eleven-way valve.
  • the sixth end b26 of the valve and the inlet b33 of the fourth heat exchange tube group form a loop.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop, thereby cooling the cold air core or entering the eleven-way valve for cooling.
  • Other coolant circuits When the refrigerant loop is closed, the fourth heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop.
  • the third coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in this loop is driven by the third water pump 21 and the second water pump 22, starting from the second water pump 22 and passing through the battery, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve in sequence. , the fourth heat exchange tube group, the third water pump 21, the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, and the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve and then return to the second water pump 22.
  • the third coolant loop is an active battery cooling loop. When the low-temperature coolant flows through the eleven-way valve, part of the flow can be distributed, so that the battery module waterway reaches the desired cooling temperature.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the battery through the fourth coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the third coolant loop.
  • the fourth coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in this loop is driven by the third water pump 21, the second water pump 22, and the fourth water pump 23. Starting from the second water pump 22, it passes through the battery, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, and the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve. Fifth end b25, cooler, electric driver, fourth water pump 23, fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, fourth heat exchange tube group, third water pump 21, cold air The core body, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, and then return to the second water pump 22.
  • the third coolant loop is the active and passive cooling loop of the battery.
  • the fourth coolant loop is very similar to the third coolant loop, except that the coolant in the second coolant loop flows through the eleven-way valve and directly goes to the fourth heat exchange tube group for cooling, while the third coolant loop
  • the coolant in the circuit flows through the eleven-way valve and continues cooling through the front-end cooling module. Therefore, regardless of whether the first refrigerant loop is connected or not, the third coolant loop can simultaneously cool the battery and electric drive. .
  • the coolant in the third coolant loop can actively exchange heat and cool down through the fourth heat exchange tube group, and then go through the front-end cooling module for secondary cooling. Therefore The cooling effect is better.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can also pass through the The four coolant loops absorb heat from the battery and the environment to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the coolant in the fourth coolant loop is only cooled by the front-end cooling module. Therefore, the battery and electric drive are actually naturally cooled based on the ambient temperature.
  • the fifth coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 20 and the second water pump 22, starting from the second water pump 22 and passing through the battery, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, and the first end b28 of the eleven-way valve in sequence. , the first water pump 20, the second heat exchange tube group, the heater core, the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve, and the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve and then return to the second water pump 22.
  • the third coolant loop is an active battery heating loop. The high-temperature coolant flows through the eleven-way valve and distributes part of the flow, so that the battery module water circuit reaches the desired heating temperature.
  • the second fan can first use the heater core to heat the air and then blow the heated air into the passenger compartment. If a lot of heat is not consumed in this process, the remaining heat of the coolant is still there. It will flow to the battery via the first water pump 20 and the second water pump 22, thereby simultaneously heating the passenger compartment and the battery.
  • the second heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the fifth coolant loop.
  • the sixth coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in this loop is driven by the fourth water pump 23. Starting from the fourth water pump 23, it passes through the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver. Return to the fourth water pump 23.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop.
  • the coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive. If the temperature of the electric driver is too low, part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 23 can be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end b29 of the eleven-way valve, and the other part can be transmitted through the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve. and the cooler is transmitted to the electric drive, so that the coolant temperature obtained by the combined coolant in the two branches increases, thereby helping to ease the cooling effect on the electric drive.
  • the seventh coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 21 and the fourth water pump 23. Starting from the fourth water pump 23, it passes through the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, and the fourth end of the eleven-way valve.
  • the heat exchange tube group, the third water pump 21, the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver return to the fourth water pump 23.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop.
  • the coolant passes through the fourth heat exchange tube group and the front-stage cooler to cool down, and then flows to the electric drive, thereby actively cooling the electric drive.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the electric drive and the environment through the seventh coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the electric drive to meet the heating needs in winter. If the temperature of the seventh coolant loop is higher than the ambient temperature during heating, the coolant output by the fourth water pump 23 can also be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end b29 of the eleven-way valve to avoid heat dissipation into the external environment. leading to waste.
  • the eighth coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 20 and the fourth water pump 23, starting from the first water pump 20 and passing through the second heat exchange tube group, the warm air core, and the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve in sequence. , the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 23, the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, and the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve and then return to the first water pump 20.
  • the coolant circuit is an electrically driven active heating circuit. From another perspective, the fourth heat exchange tube group can also dissipate heat from, electric drive and the environment through the eighth coolant loop to meet the cooling needs in summer.
  • the ninth coolant loop has coolant preset in this loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the second water pump 22 and the fourth water pump 23. Starting from the fourth water pump 23, it passes through the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, and the second end of the eleven-way valve.
  • the water pump 22, the battery, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver then return to the fourth water pump 23.
  • This loop is the electric drive and battery cooling loop.
  • the coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive and battery.
  • part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 23 can also directly flow to the electric driver through the ninth terminal b29 of the eleven-way valve, and the other part can pass through the fifth terminal of the eleven-way valve.
  • Terminal b25 and the cooler are transmitted to the electric driver, so that the coolant in the two branches merges to increase the temperature of the coolant, thereby helping to ease the cooling effect on the electric driver and battery.
  • the electric vehicle can also be provided with a controller, and the control end of each valve in the thermal management system, the control end of each water pump, and the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor can also be connected to the controller.
  • the controller can not only realize different temperature modes by controlling each valve and each water pump, but also obtain the temperature and pressure at each key position from the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor during the control process. Temperature and pressure determine whether the current temperature and pressure meet the needs of the current temperature mode. If not, real-time adjustments can be made to try to adjust the temperature and pressure to the current temperature mode.
  • M10 a mode in which the passenger compartment and battery are cooled simultaneously.
  • Figure 7A exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in a mode where the passenger compartment and battery are simultaneously cooled.
  • the controller in the M10 mode, can communicate with the seventh terminal b27 of the eleven-way valve. It is connected with the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, and is connected with the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the fifth end of the eleven-way valve.
  • Terminal b25 connected The fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve open the first throttle valve and start the third water pump 21 and the second water pump 22.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the third coolant circuit, and the eighth coolant circuit are conducted.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor undergoes heat exchange through the second heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the third heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange tube group exchanges heat with the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool down the coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the cold air core and the eleventh-way valve in turn.
  • the seven terminals b27, the second terminal b22 of the eleven-way valve, the second water pump 22, the battery, the third terminal b23 of the eleven-way valve, and the sixth terminal b26 of the eleven-way valve return to the fourth heat exchange tube group. Cool down the passenger compartment and battery one after another. The heat in the system is brought to the environment through the eighth coolant loop.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to full cooling mode, so the coolant flowing on the heater core only flows through the air conditioning box as a bypass and will not have a major impact on the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box of the passenger cabin and the data of the battery water inlet collected by the temperature and pressure sensor P22 in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin and the battery temperature.
  • the controller can adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 14 to change the amount of refrigerant on the refrigerant loop to adjust the passenger compartment temperature and battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 14 , so that more refrigerant liquid flows through the evaporator, improving the cooling effect of the evaporator and increasing the cooling effect on the passenger compartment.
  • a part of the coolant is diverted through the eleven-way valve to mix with the battery circuit to meet the cooling requirements of the battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M10 mode is, for example, a user driving an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment and battery may be very high. Overheating of the battery may cause accidents such as battery explosion, affecting the physical and mental safety of users. Overheating of the passenger compartment will reduce the user experience. For example, if the user is in an overheated environment for a long time, he may suffer from heat stroke. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M10 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment and battery can be cooled at the same time to maximize the user experience while ensuring safety.
  • Figure 7B exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of independent cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • in the M11 mode connect the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve and the eleven-way valve.
  • the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, and the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve.
  • Open the The throttle valve 14 is throttled, and the third water pump 21 and the fourth water pump 23 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit is conductive
  • the second coolant circuit and the eighth coolant circuit are conductive.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor undergoes heat exchange in the first heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the third heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the heat exchange tube group exchanges heat with the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool down the coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the cold air core and the eleventh-way valve in turn.
  • the seven-terminal b27 and the sixth terminal b26 of the eleven-way valve then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool the passenger compartment.
  • the heat in the system is brought to the environment through the eighth coolant loop.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to full cooling mode, so the coolant flowing on the heater core only flows through the air conditioning box as a bypass and does not affect the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box of the passenger cabin in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and increase the speed of the compressor. In this way, the compressor will compress the refrigerant gas with higher pressure and higher temperature. , the refrigerant gas will obtain more refrigerant liquid after passing through the water-cooled condenser, and then after passing through the first throttle valve 14 with a larger opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the third heat exchange tube group, thus It helps to further reduce the coolant temperature of the fourth heat exchange tube group and improve the cooling effect on the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and reduce the speed of the compressor to reduce the cooling effect on the passenger compartment and avoid discomfort to the user. .
  • the M11 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: users often need to lower the temperature of the passenger compartment before entering the passenger compartment to drive an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is very high, but the temperature of the battery is not high because it has not been started. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M11 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be cooled independently. This method, while meeting user needs, can also help save power and improve the endurance of electric vehicles. .
  • Figure 7C exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery cooling alone.
  • the controller in the M12 mode, can connect the seventh terminal b27 of the eleven-way valve with the eleventh port.
  • the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve is connected with the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, and is connected with the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve, the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the second water pump 22, the third water pump 21 and the fourth water pump 23 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the third coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are conducted.
  • the high temperature and high pressure output from the compressor The refrigerant gas exchanges heat through the first heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the third heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the third heat exchange tube group communicates with the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the heat exchange tube group heat exchanges to cool the coolant in the fourth heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, and the eleventh-way valve in turn.
  • the second end b22 of the valve, the second water pump 22, the battery, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the heat in the system is brought to the environment through the seventh coolant loop.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to off mode. The coolant flowing on the cold air core and the warm air core flows through the air conditioning box assembly 3 and will not have a major impact on the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the battery water inlet in real time or periodically to determine the battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and increase the speed of the compressor 1. In this way, the compressor 1 will compress to obtain higher pressure and higher temperature refrigeration.
  • the refrigerant gas will get more refrigerant liquid after passing through the water-cooled condenser, and then after passing through the first throttle valve 14 with a larger opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the third heat exchange tube group. , thereby helping to increase the cooling effect of the third heat exchange tube group on the cooling water in the fourth heat exchange tube group, thereby increasing the cooling effect on the cooling liquid, and improving the cooling effect of the battery.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and reduce the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to reduce the cooling effect on the battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M12 mode is, for example: the user drives an electric vehicle in spring and autumn.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is relatively suitable, but the battery temperature may be higher because it is always providing power. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M12 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled alone, which helps avoid battery overheating and ensures user safety.
  • Figure 7D1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery cooling and passenger compartment heating.
  • the controller in the M13 mode, can communicate with the seventh terminal b27 of the eleven-way valve. It is connected with the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, and connected with the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the first end of the eleven-way valve.
  • b21 open the first throttle valve 14 and start the first water pump 20, the second water pump 22 and the third water pump 21.
  • the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop, and the third coolant loop are connected to each other, or the refrigerant loop, the first coolant loop, and the eighth coolant loop are connected to each other.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 passes through the first heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the third heat exchange tube group and evaporates before returning to the Compressor 1.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group to provide heat and cold energy to the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the third coolant loop passes through the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, the second water pump 22, the battery, and the third end of the eleven-way valve.
  • the terminal b23 and the sixth terminal b26 of the eleven-way valve then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the passenger compartment in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can increase the speed of compressor 1 and increase the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange tube group to increase the coolant concentration in the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the heating effect promotes the heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller controls the first cooling circuit to switch to the eighth cooling circuit to pass high-temperature coolant to the front-end cooler to remove more heat.
  • the controller can also adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 14 and the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to make the battery inlet water temperature reach the desired level. The specific adjustment method is as described above and will not be described again here.
  • the M13 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the user drives an electric vehicle to move quickly in winter, or drives an electric vehicle uphill.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is lower due to the influence of the external environment, but fast movement or going uphill will consume more power, causing the battery temperature to be higher. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M13 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled while heating the passenger compartment. This not only helps to improve the user's comfort, but also avoids battery overheating and ensures the user's safety. Safety.
  • Figure 7E exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery natural cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M14 mode, can connect the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve and the eleven-way valve.
  • the fourth end b24 of the valve is connected to the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve and the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve, shuts off the first throttle valve 14, and starts the second water pump 22 and the fourth water pump 23.
  • the ninth coolant circuit is opened.
  • the coolant in the ninth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module and is cooled by the temperature in the natural environment. It flows to the electric driver and battery in turn to cool the electric driver and battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M14 mode is, for example, slow charging of electric vehicles.
  • this scenario although the battery will get a little hot during charging, this heating is a safety phenomenon specified by the factory settings. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M14 mode in the above manner, only the front-end cooling module can be used to naturally cool the battery, without starting the compressor 1 to forcefully cool the battery, thus saving more power.
  • Figure 7F exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the natural cooling mode of the electric driver.
  • the controller in the M15 mode, can connect the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the ten-way valve The fifth end b25 of the one-way valve closes the first flow valve and starts the fourth water pump 23.
  • the sixth coolant circuit is opened.
  • the coolant in the sixth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module to be cooled by the temperature in the natural environment, and then flows to the electric driver to cool the electric driver.
  • the applicable scenario of the M15 mode is, for example: braking while driving an electric vehicle.
  • braking may cause the electric actuator to generate heat, and this heating will end in a short time, and no strong cooling is required. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M15 mode in the above manner, it is possible to only use the front-end cooling module to naturally cool the electric drive, without starting the compressor 1 to forcefully cool the electric drive, thus saving more money. electricity.
  • Figure 7G exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of heating the passenger compartment and battery at the same time.
  • the controller in the M16 mode, can connect the third terminal of the eleven-way valve.
  • b23 is connected to the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve, the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, and connected to the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve and the third end of the eleven-way valve.
  • the fifth terminal b25 connects the fourth terminal b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth terminal b26 of the eleven-way valve, opens the first throttle valve 14, and starts the first water pump 20 and the second water pump 22.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 exchanges heat through the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the third
  • the heat exchange tube group returns to compressor 1 after evaporation.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the second heat exchange tube group, and the passenger cabin air conditioning box turns on the full heat mode. Therefore, the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air. Then the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop flows to the battery through the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve, the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, the second water pump 22, and passes through the third end of the eleven-way valve. b23, the first end of the eleven-way valve b21, then returns to the first heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the energy of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can heat the air in the air-conditioning box assembly to heat the passenger compartment. This energy can also heat the battery, thereby improving the collaborative efficiency of each circuit in the thermal management system. If the cooling liquid heating capacity cannot meet the heating requirements of the battery, the controller increases the rotation speed of compressor 1 to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange pipeline. If the heating effect is too great, the controller can also control the opening of the eleven-way valve toward the battery, and mix and heat the coolant of the battery itself to reach the appropriate heating temperature.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the seventh coolant loop flows from the fourth heat exchange tube group through the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, the electric driver, The fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve return to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the cooling capacity required by the system is recovered from the environment and the electric drive through the seventh coolant circuit.
  • the M16 mode is applicable to a scenario such as: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the passenger compartment and battery are affected by the external environment, resulting in low temperatures.
  • This low temperature not only makes the user experience poor, but may also cause the battery to be in a low temperature state for a long time and consume more electric energy, reducing the endurance of the electric vehicle. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M16 mode in the above manner, the battery can be heated while heating the passenger compartment, which is beneficial to protecting the battery power and improving the user experience.
  • Figure 7H exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery heating and passenger cabin dehumidification.
  • the controller in the M17 mode, can communicate with the seventh terminal b27 of the eleven-way valve. and the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, connected with the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, connected with the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the second end of the eleven-way valve
  • the terminal b22 is connected with the third terminal b23 of the eleven-way valve and the first terminal b21 of the eleven-way valve. Open the first throttle valve 14 and start the first, second, third and fourth water pumps.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 exchanges heat through the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the third
  • the heat exchange tube group returns to compressor 1 after evaporation.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the warm air core from the second heat exchange tube group, and then the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the eleven-way valve
  • Heat pipe group to heat the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the seventh coolant loop enters the cold air core from the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner turns on the dehumidification mode.
  • the air entering the passenger cabin first undergoes the cooling and dehumidification process of the cold air core and then passes through the warm air core.
  • the body undergoes a heating process, and then the coolant passes through the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, enters the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 23, and the fourth end of the eleven-way valve b24, the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • all battery-electric drives have heating needs and there is excess cooling capacity, so a certain amount of cooling capacity is output to the outside through the cooler.
  • the controller can increase the speed of compressor 1 to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the controller can also control the eleven-way valve at the same time. Point to the opening of the battery, mix it with the coolant of the battery itself and heat it to reach the appropriate heating temperature.
  • the applicable scenario of the M17 mode is, for example, when the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in humid winter, but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the battery is affected by the external environment, resulting in a low temperature
  • the passenger compartment is affected by the external environment, resulting in high humidity. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M17 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be dehumidified while heating the battery, which not only helps protect the battery power, but also improves the user experience.
  • Figure 7I exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller in the M18 mode, can communicate with the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve and The eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve is connected to the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve and the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, and is connected to the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end of the eleven-way valve.
  • b26 open the first throttle valve 14, and start the first water pump 20, the third water pump 21 and the fourth water pump 23.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the first coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 exchanges heat through the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the third
  • the heat exchange tube group returns to compressor 1 after evaporation.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the second heat exchange tube group, and the passenger cabin air conditioning box turns on the full heat mode.
  • the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air. Then, the high-temperature coolant in the first coolant loop returns to the second heat exchange tube group through the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the low-temperature coolant of the seventh coolant loop flows from the fourth heat exchange tube group through the cold air core, the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, the cooler, the electric driver, The fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the cooling capacity required by the system is recovered from the environment and the electric drive through the seventh coolant loop.
  • the M18 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter, but the external ambient temperature is still within the range that the battery can withstand.
  • the thermal management system By adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M18 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be heated independently.
  • Figure 7J exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery heating alone.
  • the controller in the M19 mode, can connect the seventh terminal b27 and the tenth terminal of the eleven-way valve.
  • the fifth end b25 of the one-way valve is connected to the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve, and is connected to the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve and the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve. , connecting the third end b23 of the eleven-way valve and the first end b21 of the eleven-way valve.
  • the first throttle valve 14 is opened, and the first water pump 20, the second water pump 22, the third water pump 21 and the fourth water pump 23 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the fifth coolant circuit and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 exchanges heat through the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the first throttle valve 14 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the third
  • the heat exchange tube group returns to compressor 1 after evaporation.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the first heat exchange tube group and the third heat exchange tube group, providing heat and cooling capacity to the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group respectively.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop passes through the heater core from the second heat exchange tube group, the passenger cabin air conditioner is turned off, and the passenger cabin air inlet passes through the heater core without participating in heat exchange, and then the fifth cooling
  • the high-temperature coolant in the liquid loop flows to the battery through the eighth end b28 of the eleven-way valve, the second end b22 of the eleven-way valve, the second water pump 22, and passes through the third end b23 and eleven of the eleven-way valve.
  • the first end b21 of the valve then returns to the second heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the seventh coolant loop is output from the fourth heat exchange tube group and enters the cold air core.
  • the air conditioner of the passenger cabin is turned off.
  • the inlet air of the passenger cabin passes through the cold air core and does not participate in heat exchange. Then the coolant passes through the eleventh-way valve.
  • the seventh end b27 of the eleven-way valve, the fifth end b25 of the eleven-way valve, enter the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 23, the fourth end b24 of the eleven-way valve, and the sixth end b26 of the eleven-way valve return to The fourth heat exchange tube group completes the process of absorbing heat from the electric drive and the external environment. If the cooling liquid heating capacity cannot meet the heating requirements of the battery, the controller can increase the speed of compressor 1 to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube group. The controller can also control the eleven-way valve at the same time. Point to the opening of the battery, mix it with the coolant of the battery itself and heat it to reach the appropriate heating temperature.
  • the M19 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the battery temperature is low due to the influence of the external environment in winter, but The user is not cold or the user is not in the car.
  • the thermal management system can be adjusted to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M19 mode in the above manner to achieve the function of only heating the battery.
  • the thermal management system in Embodiment 2 of the present application can also implement other modes besides the above-mentioned modes, such as: motor-only cooling mode, motor-only heating mode, vehicle dehumidification mode, etc.
  • the same mode can actually be implemented through various different loops, and is not limited to the one introduced above, which will not be introduced one by one in this application.
  • FIG 8 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • the thermal management system may include a compressor 1, an air conditioning box assembly 3, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water-cooled Evaporator 4, battery, valve body assembly, cooler, electric driver, outdoor heat exchanger, first water pump 30, second water pump 32, third water pump 31, fourth water pump 33, first loop, second loop, The third loop, the fourth loop and the fifth loop;
  • the water-cooled condenser 2 may include a third heat exchange tube group and a fourth heat exchange tube group, and the water-cooled evaporator 4 may include a first heat exchange tube group and a second heat exchange tube group.
  • the air conditioning box assembly 3 may include a warm air core and a cold air core; wherein the valve body assembly includes a nine-way valve; the first circuit includes a main circuit, a first branch and a second branch, the compressor 1, the warm air core The core and the stop valve are arranged in the main circuit.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 is connected with the inlet of the warm air core.
  • the outlet of the warm air core is connected with the inlet of the warm air core.
  • the outlet of the warm air core is connected with the third heat exchanger.
  • the inlet c11 of the tube group is connected, the outlet c12 of the third heat exchange tube group is connected with the input end c61 of the outdoor heat exchanger, the output end c62 of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the stop valve 38, and the outlet of the stop valve is connected with the compressor 1
  • the inlet is connected; the first throttle valve 36 and the first heat exchange tube group of the water-cooled evaporator 4 are provided on the first branch, between the inlet of the first throttle valve 36 and the stop valve 38 and the third heat exchange tube group
  • the pipes are connected, the outlet of the first throttle valve 36 is connected with the inlet c31 of the first heat exchange tube group, the outlet c32 of the first heat exchange tube group is connected with the pipe between the outlet of the stop valve 38 and the inlet of the compressor 1
  • the second branch is equipped with a second throttle valve 35 and a cold air core.
  • the inlet of the second throttle valve 35 is connected with the pipeline between the stop valve 38 and the output end c62 of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the second section The outlet of the flow valve 35 is connected to the inlet of the cold air core, and the outlet c52 of the cold air core is connected to the pipeline between the outlet of the stop valve 38 and the inlet of the compressor 1; the inlet c14 of the fourth heat exchange tube group is connected to the first
  • the outlet of the water pump 30 and the inlet of the first water pump 30 are connected to the first end c21 of the nine-way valve.
  • the outlet of the first water pump 30 is connected to the inlet c13 of the second heat exchange tube group.
  • the outlet c14 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the nine-way valve.
  • the second end of the valve is connected to c28.
  • the outlet c34 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the inlet of the third water pump 31, the outlet c34 of the second heat exchange tube group is connected to the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve, and the inlet of the third water pump 31 is connected to the sixth end of the nine-way valve.
  • the third end c22 of the nine-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 32, the outlet of the second water pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the battery, and the outlet of the battery is connected to the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve.
  • the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve is connected to the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected to the inlet of the electric driver, the outlet of the electric driver is connected to the inlet of the fourth water pump 33, and the input end of the fourth water pump 33 is connected to the eighth terminal of the nine-way valve.
  • the terminal c24 and the ninth terminal c29 of the nine-way valve are connected with the pipeline between the cooler and the electric driver.
  • the first water pump 30 and the fourth heat exchange tube group as well as the first end c21 and the second end c28 of the nine-way valve are in the same loop as the second loop.
  • the second water pump 32 and the third end of the battery nine-way valve are connected with The loop where the fourth end of the nine-way valve is located is the third loop.
  • the third water pump 31, the second heat exchange tube group, the fifth end of the nine-way valve and the sixth end of the nine-way valve form a fourth loop.
  • the cooler, The electric driver, the kettle, the fourth water pump 33, the seventh end of the nine-way valve and the eighth end of the nine-way valve form a fifth circuit.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger includes a seventh heat exchange pipe.
  • the throttle valve is used to depressurize and expand the gas before evaporating and absorbing heat and controls the flow of refrigerant.
  • the throttle valve When the throttle valve is completely closed, the throttle valve does not flow refrigerant. In this case, the refrigerant circuit is cut off and the thermal management system cannot provide heating or cooling through the vapor compression cycle.
  • connection relationship of various components in Figure 8 is only an exemplary illustration, and the positions of various components located on the same loop can also be exchanged, and are not limited to the connection relationship shown in Figure 8 .
  • the fourth water pump 33 in Figure 8 can also be arranged between the cooler and the electric driver. This position exchange has no essential impact on the implementation of the solution.
  • the specific implementation process of the solution is introduced below with the thermal management system shown in Figure 8.
  • the cooler is provided in the front-end cooling module, and the front-end cooling module is also provided with a first fan.
  • the first fan 5 can realize heat exchange between the ambient temperature and the cooler based on the ambient air. Therefore, the heat exchange of the cooler can specifically include heating or cooling.
  • the temperature of the coolant in winter is lower than the ambient temperature. Therefore, the front-end cooling module can heat the coolant based on the ambient temperature.
  • the temperature of the coolant in summer is lower than the ambient temperature. The temperature needs to be high, so the front-end cooling module can also cool the coolant based on the ambient temperature.
  • the front-end cooling module only cools down.
  • the cold air core and the warm air core are arranged in the passenger cabin air-conditioning box.
  • the passenger cabin air-conditioning box assembly can also be provided with a second fan 6.
  • the second fan 6 can directly cool the ambient air (without cooling it). (without heating) is blown to the passenger compartment, the air environment can also be cooled through the evaporator before the ambient air is blown out, or the air can be heated through the heater core before the ambient air is blown out.
  • the thermal management system may also include at least one kettle, the inlet of the kettle may be connected to the outlet of the electric driver, and the outlet of the kettle may be connected to the eighth of the nine-way valve. End c24.
  • the kettle is a container with an upper opening.
  • the inlet of the kettle is located above the kettle, and the outlet of the kettle is located below the kettle.
  • the gas-liquid mixed material enters the kettle through the inlet of the kettle, the liquid in the gas-liquid mixed material will be released due to gravity. It flows into the lower end of the kettle and flows out from the outlet of the kettle, while the gas in the gas-liquid mixture is left in the kettle.
  • the kettle is actually equivalent to a component that purifies the liquid (so that the liquid is not doped with gas).
  • the kettle is placed in the coolant loop, so it can purify the coolant liquid in the coolant loop.
  • the coolant liquid is purer, the temperature regulation effect of the coolant loop will be better.
  • the thermal management system may further include a liquid storage device, which is used to store liquid on the refrigerant loop.
  • the liquid storage device may be a liquid storage tank or a gas-liquid separator.
  • the liquid storage tank can be arranged outside the output end of the second heat exchange pipe, the input end of the liquid storage tank is connected to the output end of the second heat exchange pipe, and the output end of the liquid storage tank is connected to the output end of the second heat exchange pipe.
  • the input end of the high-pressure pipe is connected.
  • the reservoir is used to store part of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the liquid storage device is a gas-liquid separator
  • the input end of the gas-liquid separator can be connected to the input end of the low-pressure pipe, and the output end of the gas-liquid separator can be connected to the input end of the compressor.
  • the thermal management system can also Temperature and pressure sensors are installed at key locations, such as: temperature and pressure sensor P30, temperature and pressure sensor P31, temperature and pressure sensor P32 and temperature and pressure sensor P33.
  • Temperature and pressure sensors are installed at key locations, such as: temperature and pressure sensor P30, temperature and pressure sensor P31, temperature and pressure sensor P32 and temperature and pressure sensor P33.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P30 is installed at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output by the compressor.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P31 is set at the inlet of the compressor and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant input by the compressor.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P32 is set at the inlet of the electric driver and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the electric driver.
  • the temperature and pressure sensor P33 is set at the inlet of the battery and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the battery. It should be understood that the key positions illustrated above are only illustrative examples, and the present application is not limited to only these key positions.
  • each component in the thermal management system is deployed in the same area as much as possible, which makes the installation location of each component more compact and allows shorter pipelines between each component. lines, which not only helps to reduce the space occupied by the thermal management system, but also reduces the pressure loss of the liquid when the liquid circulates along the pipeline, improving the cooling or heating efficiency of the thermal management system.
  • each component in the thermal management system can also be modularly designed in an integrated manner.
  • Modular design refers to integrating components with similar functions or similar structures (which can also be randomly selected components) to form modules. This not only helps to reduce the occupied space, but also enables free combination using modules, improving design flexibility. sex. There are many ways to implement modular design, which can be carried out in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the refrigerant loop includes a first loop, and the loop is preset with refrigerant, such as Freon.
  • the refrigerant gas in this loop is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas at compressor 1, and then passes through the heater core, the third heat exchange tube group, and the outdoor heat exchanger in sequence, and then enters the first heat exchanger respectively.
  • the tube group and the cold air core return to compressor 1.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by compressor 1 first exchanges heat between the heater core and the air in the passenger compartment. After heating the air, it becomes medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and then exchanges it with the fourth heat exchange tube group in the third heat exchange tube group.
  • the heat pipe group performs heat exchange to obtain low-temperature refrigerant liquid (the corresponding fourth heat exchange pipe group obtains high-temperature coolant after heat exchange).
  • the low-temperature refrigerant liquid then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger and is exchanged outdoors according to the mode.
  • the heat exchanger radiates heat to the external environment or absorbs heat from the external environment, and then enters the parallel third heat exchange tube group and the cold air core.
  • high-temperature refrigerant gas is obtained (the corresponding second heat exchange tube group obtains low-temperature coolant after heat exchange).
  • the cabin gas exchanges heat to cool the passenger cabin air.
  • the first cooling liquid loop includes a second loop, and the cooling liquid is preset in the loop, such as a mixed liquid of water and ethanol.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 30 and passes through the inlet c13 of the fourth heat exchange tube group, the outlet c14 of the second heat exchange tube group, the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, and the nine-way valve in sequence.
  • the first end c21 then returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain high-temperature coolant.
  • the high-temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop and then enters the nine-way valve to heat other coolant loops.
  • the second heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the first coolant loop.
  • the second coolant loop includes a fourth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 31, and sequentially passes through the third water pump 31, the inlet c34 of the second heat exchange tube group, the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve, and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve.
  • the inlet of the third water pump 31 forms a loop.
  • the second heat exchange tube group can exchange heat to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop and then enters the nine-way valve to cool other coolant loops.
  • the second heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the second coolant loop.
  • the third coolant loop includes a third loop and a fourth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the second water pump 32 and the third water pump 31, starting from the second water pump 32 and passing through the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, and the The three water pumps 31, the second heat exchange tube group, the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve, and the third end c22 of the nine-way valve then return to the second water pump 32.
  • the third coolant loop is an active cooling loop for the battery. When the low-temperature coolant flows through the nine-way valve, part of the flow can be distributed, so that the battery module waterway reaches the desired cooling temperature.
  • the second heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the battery through the fourth coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the second heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the third coolant loop.
  • a fourth coolant loop includes a third loop, a fourth loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 31, the second water pump 32 and the fourth water pump 33. Starting from the second water pump 32, it passes through the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, and the seventh end of the nine-way valve. Terminal c25, cooler, electric driver, fourth water pump 33, eighth terminal c24 of the nine-way valve, sixth terminal c26 of the nine-way valve, third water pump 31, second heat exchange tube group, third terminal of the nine-way valve The five terminal c27 and the second terminal c22 of the nine-way valve return to the water pump 32.
  • the third coolant loop is the active and passive cooling loop of the battery.
  • the fourth coolant loop is very similar to the third coolant loop, except that the coolant in the second coolant loop flows through the nine-way valve and directly goes to the second heat exchange tube group for cooling, while the third coolant loop After the coolant flows through the nine-way valve, it continues to cool through the front-end cooling module. Therefore, regardless of whether the first refrigerant loop is connected or not, the third coolant loop can simultaneously cool the battery and electric driver.
  • the coolant in the third coolant loop can actively exchange heat and cool down through the second heat exchange tube group, and then go through the front-end cooling module for secondary cooling. Therefore, The cooling effect is better.
  • the second heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the battery and the environment through the fourth coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the battery and meet the heating needs in winter.
  • the coolant in the third coolant loop is only cooled by the front-end cooling module. Therefore, the battery and electric drive are actually naturally cooled based on the ambient temperature.
  • a fifth coolant loop includes a second loop and a third loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 30 and the second water pump 32, starting from the second water pump 32 and passing through the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, the first end c21 of the nine-way valve, and the The first water pump 30, the fourth heat exchange tube group, the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, and the third end c22 of the nine-way valve then return to the second water pump 32.
  • the third coolant loop is an active battery heating loop. The high-temperature coolant flows through the nine-way valve and distributes part of the flow, so that the battery module waterway reaches the desired heating temperature.
  • the refrigerant can exchange heat in the cold air core of the passenger compartment condenser. If a lot of heat is not consumed in this process, the remaining heat is transferred to the coolant through the fourth heat exchange tube group. , the coolant will flow to the battery via the first water pump 30 and the second water pump 32, thereby simultaneously heating the passenger compartment and the battery.
  • the fourth heat exchange tube group cannot perform heat exchange operations, so the normal temperature coolant circulates in the fifth coolant loop.
  • a sixth coolant loop includes a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in this loop is driven by the fourth water pump 33. Starting from the fourth water pump 33, it passes through the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve, the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver, and then returns to The fourth water pump 33.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop. The coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive.
  • part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 33 can be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end c29 of the nine-way valve, and the other part can be passed through the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve and cooled.
  • the coolant in the two branches merges to increase the temperature of the coolant, which helps to ease the cooling effect on the electric drive.
  • a seventh coolant loop includes a fourth loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the third water pump 31 and the fourth water pump 33. Starting from the fourth water pump 33, it passes through the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve, the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, and the third water pump 31. , the second heat exchange tube group, the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver, then return to the fourth water pump 33.
  • This loop is an electric drive cooling loop.
  • the coolant passes through the second heat exchange tube group and the front-stage cooler to cool down, and then flows to the electric drive, thereby actively cooling the electric drive.
  • the second heat exchange tube group can also absorb heat from the electric drive and the environment through the seventh coolant loop to realize the waste heat recovery function of the electric drive to meet winter heating needs. If the temperature of the seventh coolant loop is higher than the ambient temperature during heating, the coolant output by the fourth water pump 33 can also be directly transmitted to the electric driver through the ninth end c29 of the nine-way valve to avoid heat dissipation into the external environment. Lead to waste.
  • An eighth coolant loop includes a second loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the first water pump 30 and the fourth water pump 33, starting from the first water pump 30 and passing through the fourth heat exchange tube group, the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, and the seventh end of the nine-way valve.
  • the end c25, the cooler, the electric driver, the fourth water pump 33, the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve, and the first end c21 of the nine-way valve return to the first water pump 30.
  • the coolant circuit is an electrically driven active heating circuit. From another perspective, the second heat exchange pipe can also dissipate heat from the electric drive and the environment through the eighth coolant loop to improve system efficiency.
  • a ninth coolant loop includes a third loop and a fifth loop, and coolant is preset in the loop.
  • the coolant in the loop is driven by the second water pump 32 and the fourth water pump 33. Starting from the water pump 33, it passes through the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve and the third end of the nine-way valve in sequence.
  • the three terminals c22, the second water pump 32, the battery, the fourth terminal c23 of the nine-way valve, the seventh terminal c25 of the nine-way valve, the cooler, and the electric driver return to the fourth water pump 33.
  • This loop is the electric drive and battery cooling loop.
  • the coolant is cooled by the front-end cooling module and then flows to the electric drive, thereby naturally cooling the electric drive and battery.
  • part of the coolant output by the fourth water pump 33 can directly flow to the electric driver through the ninth terminal c29 of the nine-way valve, and the other part can pass through the seventh terminal c25 of the nine-way valve. And the cooler is transmitted to the electric driver, so that the coolant in the two branches merges to increase the temperature of the coolant, which helps to ease the cooling effect on the electric driver and battery.
  • the electric vehicle can also be provided with a controller, and the control end of each valve in the thermal management system, the control end of each water pump, and the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor can also be connected to the controller.
  • the controller can not only realize different temperature modes by controlling each valve and each water pump, but also obtain the temperature and pressure at each key position from the output end of each temperature and pressure sensor during the control process. Temperature and pressure determine whether the current temperature and pressure meet the needs of the current temperature mode. If not, real-time adjustments can be made to try to adjust the temperature and pressure to the current temperature mode.
  • Figure 9A exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of cooling the passenger compartment and battery at the same time.
  • the controller in the M10 mode, can connect the fifth terminal c27 of the nine-way valve with The third end c22 of the nine-way valve is connected to the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, and the first throttle valve 36, the second throttle valve 35 and the third throttle valve 37 are opened, The stop valve 38 is closed, and the third water pump 31 and the second water pump 32 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the third coolant circuit, and the eighth coolant circuit are conducted.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor passes through the third heat exchange tube group (water-cooled condenser) and the outdoor heat exchanger to exchange heat and throttle to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid.
  • the obtained low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the first pipe Road and the second branch road enter the first heat exchange tube group and the cold air core evaporates and absorbs heat.
  • the cold air core evaporates and cools the air in the passenger compartment, producing a cooling effect on the passenger compartment.
  • the first heat exchange tube group cools the coolant in the second heat exchange tube group to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the seventh end c27 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, and the third end c22 of the nine-way valve.
  • the second water pump 32, the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve then return to the second heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the heat in the system can be brought to the environment through the eighth coolant loop, or through the seventh heat exchange pipe in the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to full cooling mode, so the coolant flowing on the heater core only flows through the air conditioning box assembly 3 as a bypass and will not have a major impact on the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box of the passenger cabin and the data of the battery water inlet collected by the temperature and pressure sensor P32 in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin and the battery temperature.
  • the controller can adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 36 and the second throttle valve 35 to change the amount of refrigerant on the refrigerant loop, so as to Regulates passenger compartment temperature and battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 35 , so that more refrigerant liquid flows through the cold air core, improving the cooling effect of the cold air core and increasing the cooling effect on the passenger compartment.
  • the cooling temperature of the coolant in the second heat exchange pipe is controlled by controlling the opening of the second throttle valve 36 to meet the cooling requirements of the battery.
  • the controller can connect the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve with the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, connect the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve with the sixth end of the nine-way valve c26, connect the eighth end c27 of the nine-way valve and the fifth end c25 of the nine-way valve, connect the fourth end c24 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, start the water pump 30, water pump 31, water pump 32, water pump 33 , open the second throttle valve 35, the first throttle valve 36 and the third throttle valve 37, close the stop valve 38, and allow the heat in the system to be transferred to the In the environment and electric drive water circuit, the heat exchange capacity of the high-pressure side is further improved.
  • the applicable scenario of the M10 mode is, for example, a user driving an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment and battery may be very high. Overheating of the battery may cause accidents such as battery explosion, affecting the physical and mental safety of users. Overheating of the passenger compartment will reduce the user experience. For example, if the user is in an overheated environment for a long time, he may suffer from heat stroke. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M10 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment and battery can be cooled at the same time to maximize the user experience while ensuring safety.
  • Figure 9B exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of independent cooling of the passenger compartment.
  • the second throttle valve 35 and the third throttle valve 37 are opened, The shut-off valve 38 and the first throttle valve 36 are closed.
  • the refrigerant circuit is open.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by compressor 1 is heat exchanged and throttled through the outdoor heat exchanger to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure system.
  • the refrigerant liquid is transported to the cold air core to evaporate and absorb heat to cool the passenger compartment, and then returns to the compressor 1 input port.
  • the passenger cabin air conditioner can be set to full cooling mode, so the coolant flowing on the heater core only flows through the air conditioning box as a bypass and does not affect the temperature of the cab.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the air conditioning box of the passenger cabin in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger cabin.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the second throttle valve 35 and increase the speed of the compressor. In this way, the compressor will compress the refrigerant gas with higher pressure and higher temperature. , the refrigerant gas will obtain more refrigerant liquid after passing through the water-cooled condenser, and then after passing through the second throttle valve 35 with a larger opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the cold air core, thus contributing to Further reduce the temperature of the evaporator of the passenger compartment and improve the cooling effect of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the second throttle valve 35 and reduce the speed of the compressor to reduce the cooling effect on the passenger compartment and avoid discomfort to the user. .
  • the M11 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: users often need to lower the temperature of the passenger compartment before entering the passenger compartment to drive an electric vehicle in summer.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is very high, but the temperature of the battery is not high because it has not been started. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M21 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be cooled independently. This method, while meeting user needs, can also help save power and improve the endurance of electric vehicles. .
  • Figure 9C exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery independent cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M12 mode, can connect the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve with the nine-way valve.
  • the third end c22 of the nine-way valve is connected to the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve.
  • the first throttle valve 36 and the third throttle valve 37 are opened, and the second throttle valve 35 and the stop valve are closed. 38. Start the second water pump 32 and the third water pump 31. In this case, the refrigerant circuit, the third coolant circuit, and the seventh coolant circuit are conducted.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger and is throttled by the first throttle valve 36 to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is transmitted to the first heat exchange tube group to evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the heat pipe group and the second heat exchange pipe group exchange heat to cool the coolant in the second heat exchange pipe group to obtain low-temperature coolant.
  • the low-temperature coolant passes through the fifth end c27 and the nine-way valve in sequence.
  • the third end c22 of the valve, the second water pump 32, the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve then return to the second heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the heat in the system is brought to the environment through the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the battery water inlet in real time or periodically to determine the battery temperature.
  • the controller can increase the opening of the first throttle valve 36 and increase the speed of the compressor. In this way, the compressor will compress the refrigerant gas with higher pressure and higher temperature. After heat exchange and passing through the first throttle valve 36 with an enlarged opening, more refrigerant liquid will enter the first heat exchange tube group, thereby helping to increase the effect of the third heat exchange tube group on the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the cooling effect of the cooling water in the heat pipe group increases the cooling effect of the coolant and improves the cooling effect of the battery.
  • the controller can reduce the opening of the first throttle valve 36 and reduce the rotation speed of the compressor to reduce the cooling effect on the battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M12 mode is, for example: the user drives an electric vehicle in spring and autumn.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is relatively suitable, but the battery temperature may be higher because it is always providing power. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M12 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled alone, which helps avoid battery overheating and ensures user safety.
  • Figure 9D exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery cooling and passenger cabin heating.
  • the controller in the M13 mode, can connect the fifth terminal c27 of the nine-way valve with The third end c22 of the nine-way valve is connected to the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, the second throttle valve 35 and the third throttle valve 37 are opened, and the first throttle valve 36 is closed. and stop valve 38 to start the second water pump 32 and the third water pump 31.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the first coolant circuit and the third coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 1 undergoes heat exchange between the heater core and the outdoor heat exchanger to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the first heat exchange tube group and evaporates before returning to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the heater core to provide heat to the passenger compartment.
  • the passenger cabin air-conditioning box is in full heat mode, so the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air.
  • the low-temperature coolant in the third coolant loop passes through the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, the second water pump 32, the battery, the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, and the The sixth terminal c26 then returns to the second heat exchange tube group to cool the battery.
  • the controller can also obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the passenger compartment in real time or periodically to determine the temperature of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can increase the compressor speed and increase the refrigerant temperature and pressure in the heater core to improve the heating effect of the passenger compartment condenser and promote the heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller controls the opening of the third throttle valve 37 to allow the outdoor heat exchanger to throttle and dissipate heat, and passes the high-temperature coolant to the front-end cooler to take away more heat.
  • the controller can also adjust the opening of the first throttle valve 36 and the rotation speed of the compressor to adjust the battery inlet water temperature. The degree is as expected. The specific adjustment methods are as mentioned above and will not be described again here.
  • the M13 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the user drives an electric vehicle to move quickly in winter, or drives an electric vehicle uphill.
  • the temperature of the passenger compartment is lower due to the influence of the external environment, but moving quickly or going uphill consumes more power, causing the battery temperature to be higher. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M13 mode in the above manner, the battery can be cooled while heating the passenger compartment. This not only helps to improve the user's comfort, but also prevents the battery from overheating and ensures the user's safety. Safety.
  • Figure 9E exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery natural cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M14 mode, can connect the third end c22 of the nine-way valve and the nine-way valve.
  • the eighth end c24 is connected to the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve and the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve, closing the third throttle valve 37, the first throttle valve 36, the second throttle valve 35 and the stop valve 38.
  • the ninth coolant circuit is opened.
  • the coolant in the ninth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module to be cooled by the temperature in the natural environment, and then flows to the electric driver and battery to cool the electric driver and battery.
  • the applicable scenario of the M14 mode is, for example, slow charging of electric vehicles.
  • this scenario although the battery will get a little hot during charging, this heating is a safety phenomenon specified by the factory settings. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M14 mode in the above manner, only the front-end cooling module can be used to naturally cool the battery, without starting the compressor to forcefully cool the battery, thus saving more power.
  • Figure 9F exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the motor natural cooling mode.
  • the controller in the M15 mode, can connect the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve and the nine-way valve.
  • the seventh end c25 closes the third throttle valve 37, the first throttle valve 36, the second throttle valve 35 and the stop valve 38, and starts the fourth water pump 33.
  • the sixth coolant circuit is opened.
  • the coolant in the sixth coolant loop first flows to the front-end cooling module to be cooled by the temperature in the natural environment, and then flows to the electric driver to cool the electric driver.
  • the applicable scenario of the M15 mode is, for example: braking while driving an electric vehicle.
  • braking may cause the electric actuator to generate heat, and this heating will end in a short time, and no strong cooling is required. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M15 mode in the above manner, it is possible to only use the front-end cooling module to naturally cool the electric drive, without starting the compressor to forcefully cool the electric drive, thus saving more power. .
  • Figure 9G exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of simultaneous heating of the passenger compartment and battery.
  • the controller in the M16 mode, can communicate with the fourth terminal c23 of the nine-way valve. Connect the first end c21 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve and the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, open the third throttle valve 37, open the stop valve 38, close the second throttle valve 35 and The first throttle valve 36 starts the first water pump 30 and the second water pump 32 . In this case, the refrigerant loop and the fifth coolant loop are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by compressor 1 passes through the warm air core, the third heat exchange tube group, and is throttled by the third throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid.
  • the passenger cabin air-conditioning box is in full heat mode, so the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop flows to the battery through the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, the second water pump 32, and then passes through the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the nine-way valve.
  • the first end c21 then returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group to heat the battery. If the cooling liquid heating capacity cannot meet the heating requirements of the battery, the controller increases the compressor speed to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group. If the heating effect is too great, the controller can also control to reduce the compressor speed to achieve a suitable heating temperature.
  • the cooling capacity required by the system recovers heat from the environment through the seventh heat exchange pipe of the refrigerant circuit. This mode can be understood as the energy of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can heat the air in the air-conditioning box assembly to heat the passenger compartment. This energy can also heat the battery, thereby improving the coordination of each circuit in the thermal management system. efficiency.
  • the controller can connect the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the first end c21 of the nine-way valve, and connect the second end c28 of the nine-way valve and the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, Connect the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve and the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve, connect the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve, open the third throttle valve 37, open the stop valve, The second throttle valve 35 and the first throttle valve 36 are closed, the first water pump 30 and the second water pump 32 are started, and the cooling capacity required by the system is recovered from the environment through the outdoor heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit, while allowing the third The low-temperature coolant of the seven-coolant loop flows from the fourth heat exchange pipe through the fifth end b27 of the nine-way valve, the seventh end b25 of the nine-way valve, the cooler, the electric driver, and the eighth end b24 of the nine-
  • the M16 mode is applicable to a scenario such as: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the passenger compartment and battery are affected by the external environment, resulting in lower temperatures.
  • This low temperature not only makes the user experience Not good, it may also cause the battery to be in a low temperature state for a long time and lose more electric energy, reducing the endurance of the electric vehicle. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M16 mode in the above manner, the battery can be heated while heating the passenger compartment, which is beneficial to protecting the battery power and improving the user experience.
  • Figure 9H exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the communication relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of battery heating and passenger cabin dehumidification.
  • the controller in the M17 mode, can communicate with the second end c28 of the nine-way valve and The third end c22 of the nine-way valve is connected with the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the first end c21 of the nine-way valve.
  • the first throttle valve 35 and the third throttle valve 37 are opened, the stop valve 38 is closed, and the first water pump 30 and the second water pump 32 are started. In this case, the refrigerant circuit and the fifth coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor undergoes heat exchange with the third heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the third throttle valve and the first throttle valve 36 to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters the cold air core and returns to compressor 1.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration circuit passes through the third heat exchange tube group to provide heat for the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group.
  • the refrigerant passes through the warm air core and the cold air core, providing heat and cooling to the passenger compartment condenser and evaporator.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop flows to the battery through the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, the second water pump 32, and passes through the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the nine-way
  • the first end c21 of the valve then returns to the fourth heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the air entering the passenger compartment can first go through the cooling and dehumidification process of the cold air core, and then go through the heating process of the warm air core. At this time, if there is excess heat or cooling, a certain amount of energy can be output to the outside world through the outdoor heat exchanger channel. If the cooling liquid heating capacity cannot meet the heating requirements of the battery, the controller increases the compressor speed to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group to reach a suitable heating temperature.
  • the applicable scenario of the M17 mode is, for example, when the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in humid winter, but is not driving the electric vehicle.
  • the battery is affected by the external environment, resulting in a low temperature
  • the passenger compartment is affected by the external environment, resulting in high humidity. Therefore, by adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity required by the M17 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be dehumidified while heating the battery, which not only helps protect the battery power, but also improves the user experience.
  • Figure 9I exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the mode of individual heating of the passenger compartment.
  • the controller opens the third throttle valve 37 and closes the first throttle valve.
  • the flow valve 36 and the second throttle valve 35 are closed, and the stop valve 38 is opened.
  • the refrigerant circuit is open.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor participates in heat exchange through the heater core to provide heat energy for the passenger compartment condenser. It then exchanges heat through the third heat exchange tube group and is throttled by the third throttle valve 37 to obtain low temperature.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor heat exchanger and evaporates before returning to the compressor.
  • the passenger cabin air-conditioning box is in full heat mode, so the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air.
  • the cooling required by the system is recovered from the electric drive circuit and the environment through an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the various ports in the valve body assembly may not be connected to each other, and the energy of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can heat the air in the air-conditioning box assembly to heat the passenger compartment. This energy can also heat the battery. This improves the collaborative efficiency of each loop in the thermal management system.
  • the controller connects the fifth end c27 of the nine-way valve and the seventh end c25 of the nine-way valve, and connects the eighth end c24 of the nine-way valve and the sixth end c26 of the nine-way valve,
  • the third throttle valve 37 and the first throttle valve 36 are opened, the second throttle valve 35 and the stop valve are closed, and the third water pump 31 and the fourth water pump 33 are started.
  • the refrigerant circuit and the seventh coolant circuit are connected.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor participates in heat exchange through the heater core to provide heat energy for the passenger compartment condenser.
  • the refrigerant liquid enters the outdoor heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchange tube group to evaporate and then returns to the compressor.
  • the passenger cabin air-conditioning box is in full heat mode, so the air conditioner first heats the air through the heater core and then blows out the warm air.
  • the cooling required by the system is recovered from the electric drive circuit and the environment through the seventh coolant loop and outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the M18 mode is applicable to a scenario such as: the user is sitting in the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle in winter, but the external ambient temperature is still within the range that the battery can withstand.
  • the thermal management system By adjusting the thermal management system to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M18 mode in the above manner, the passenger compartment can be heated independently.
  • Figure 9J illustrates a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal management system in the battery-only heating mode.
  • the controller in the M19 mode, can connect the second end c28 of the nine-way valve and the nine-way valve.
  • the third end c22 of the valve is connected with the fourth end c23 of the nine-way valve and the first end c21 of the nine-way valve.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by compressor 1 passes through the warm air core without participating in heat exchange, and then passes through the third heat exchange tube group to exchange heat and is throttled by the third throttle valve to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which enters After evaporation in the outdoor heat exchanger, it returns to compressor 1.
  • the high-temperature coolant in the fifth coolant loop flows from the fourth heat exchange tube group through the second end c28 of the nine-way valve, the third end c22 of the nine-way valve, the second water pump 32, flows to the battery, and passes through the nine-way valve.
  • the fourth end c23 of the valve and the first end c21 of the nine-way valve then return to the fourth heat exchange tube group to heat the battery.
  • the required heat is transferred from the external environment through the outdoor heat exchanger The need to absorb heat from the environment. If the cooling liquid heating capacity cannot meet the heating requirements of the battery, the controller increases the compressor speed to increase the heat absorption of the cooling liquid in the fourth heat exchange tube group to reach a suitable heating temperature.
  • the M19 mode is applicable to scenarios such as: the battery temperature is low in winter due to the influence of the external environment, but the user is not cold or the user is not in the car.
  • the thermal management system can be adjusted to the connectivity relationship satisfied by the M19 mode in the above manner to achieve the function of only heating the battery.
  • the thermal management system in Embodiment 3 of the present application can also implement other modes besides the above-mentioned modes, such as a motor-only cooling mode, a motor-only heating mode, a vehicle dehumidification mode, etc.
  • the same mode can actually be implemented through various different loops, and is not limited to the one introduced above, which will not be introduced one by one in this application.
  • the flow pipes of each cooling liquid can also be provided in one cooling liquid base plate, and the flow pipes of each refrigerant can be provided in one refrigerant base plate.
  • each component can be directly connected to the substrate without wiring, which helps to further simplify the wiring of various pipes and avoid wiring interference.
  • the flow pipes of each cooling liquid can also be provided in one cooling liquid base plate, and the flow pipes of each refrigerant can be provided in one refrigerant base plate.
  • each component can be directly connected to the substrate without wiring, which helps to further simplify the wiring of various pipes and avoid wiring interference.
  • the thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a modular structure in appearance, and has the advantages of relatively compact overall structure, simple pipeline connections, and neat appearance.
  • thermal management system in this application can also be applied to any other vehicle driven by an electric drive, and is not limited to electric vehicles. This application does not specifically limit this.

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Abstract

一种热管理系统,包括第一回路(a)和第二回路(b),第一回路(a)上的冷风芯体接入第一换热管组输出的冷却液,第一回路(a)的一端与阀体组件的第一端(a26)连通,第一回路(a)的另一端与阀体组件的第二端(a27)连通;第二回路(b)上有电池、第二水泵(12)、第一阀体(27)和第二阀体,第二回路(b)的一端与阀体组件的第三端(a23)连通,第二回路(b)的另一端与阀体组件的第四端(a22)连通,第一阀体(27)使经阀体组件的冷却液经第二水泵(12)流入电池后回流至阀体组件,或第一阀体使冷却液由阀体组件经第一阀体(27)回流至阀体组件,第二阀体使电池内的冷却液由电池的第二端(a27)经第二阀体回流至电池的第一端(a26)。一种热管理系统的控制方法,用于该种热管理系统。一种车辆,具有该种热管理系统。对热管理系统和相应车辆的如此设置可以提高各个回路之间的协调效率。

Description

热管理系统、控制方法及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年08月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211059210.9、申请名称为“热管理系统、控制方法及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车联网技术领域,尤其涉及到一种热管理系统、控制方法及车辆。
背景技术
随着能源短缺和环境污染的加剧,由于电动汽车相对于传统的燃油车有着更高的能量利用率和更低的污染排放,因此,电动汽车被越来越广泛的使用。
电动汽车中一般采用热管理系统对电动汽车中的乘员舱以及电池进行温度管理,但热管理系统单独控制乘员舱的温度和电池的温度,进而导致热管系统中电池所在的回路以及控制乘员舱的回路协同效率低下。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种热管理系统、控制方法及车辆,可以提高热管系统中电池所在的回路以及控制乘员舱的回路之间的协调效率。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种热管理系统,该热管理系统可以包括:第一回路、第二回路和阀体组件,其中,第一回路上设置有第一换热管组和空调箱组件中的冷风芯体,第一回路上还设置有第一水泵,冷风芯体用于接入第一换热管组输出的冷却液,第一回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第一端连通,第一回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第二端连通;第二回路上设置有电池、第二水泵、第一阀体和第二阀体,第二回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第三端连通,第二回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第四端连通,第一阀体使用于经阀体组件的第三端或第四端的冷却液经第二水泵流入电池,并回流至阀体组件的第四端或第三端,或,第一阀体用于使冷却液由阀体组件第三端或第四端经第一阀体回流至阀体组件的第四端或第三端,第二阀体用于使电池内的冷却液由电池的第二端流经第二阀体回流至电池的第一端。
上述的热管理系统中,空调箱组件一般设置在车辆的乘员舱,当对乘员舱进行制冷时,需要将阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通,使第一回路内的冷却液可以循环流动,以持续的为冷风芯体提供冷量,使乘员舱处于制冷状态。具体而言,冷却液在第一水泵的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一阀体直接流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,此过程中,电池中的冷却液可以在第二阀体以及第二水泵的带动下进行内循环,以实现电池的均温,且不影响乘员舱制冷。另外,冷却液在第一水泵的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一阀体时,冷却液也可以再经第一阀体后,进入到电池回流阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,此过程中,经过第一换热管组的冷却液可以对冷风芯体和电池共同制冷。
在上述的实施方式中,在阀体组件、第一阀体和第二阀体的作用下,第一回路中的冷却液可以为冷风芯体单独提供冷量和对冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量,且在为冷风芯体单独提供冷量时,在第二阀体和第二水泵的作用下,电池还能够均温,进而提高了热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
上述的实施例中,第一阀体和第二阀体具体可以多种形式,具体来说,第一阀体可以为第一三通阀,第二阀体可以为第一单向阀,第一三通阀的第一端可以与阀体组件的第四端连通,第一三通阀的第二端与电池的第一端连通,其中,第二水泵可设置在第一三通阀的第二端与电池的第一端之间的管路上,第一三通阀的第三端与电池的第二端和阀体组件的第三端之间的管路连通,第一单向阀的进口和第一三通阀的第三端与电池的第二端之间的管路连通,第一单向阀的出口与第一三通阀的第二端和电池的第一端之间的管路连通。当单独为冷风芯体提供冷量,阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件 的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀的第一端和第三端导通,第一三通阀的第二端处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一三通阀直接流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组,此过程中,第一单向阀可以处于导通状态,电池处的冷却液可以在第二水泵的带动下,由电池的第二端、第一单向阀的进口、第一单向阀的出口、第二水泵回流至电池的第一端,以完成对电池的均温;当为冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量时,阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀的第一端和第二端导通,第一三通阀的第三端处于不导通的状态,第一单向阀也可以处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一三通阀的第一端和第二端至电池,冷却液经过电池流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组。
第一阀体为第一三通阀时,第二阀体可以为第二三通阀,第一三通阀的第一端与阀体组件的第四端和电池之间的管路连通,第一三通阀的第二端与电池的第二端连通,第一三通阀的第三端与阀体组件的第三端连通,第二三通阀的第一端与阀体组件的第四端连通,第二三通阀的第二端与电池的第一端连通,第二水泵设置于第二三通阀的第二端与电池的第一端之间的管路上,第二三通阀的第三端与电池的第二端与第一三通阀的第二端与电池的第二端之间的管路连通。当单独为冷风芯体提供冷量,阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀的第一端和第一三通阀的第三端导通,第一三通阀的第二端处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一三通阀直接流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组,此过程中,第二三通阀可以的各个端可以处于不导通的状态,或者,第二三通阀的第二端和第二三通阀的第三端处于导通的状态,第二三通阀的第一端处于不导通的状态,电池处的冷却液可以在第二水泵的带动下,由电池的第二端、第二三通阀的第二端、第二三通阀的第三端、第二水泵回流至电池的第一端,以完成对电池的均温;当为冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量时,阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀的第二端和第三端导通,第一三通阀的第二端处于不导通的状态,控制第二三通阀的第一端和第二三通阀的第二端处于导通的状态,第二三通阀的第三端处于不导通的状态,以使却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第二三通阀的第一端和第二三通阀的第二端、电池、第一三通阀的第二端和第三端流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还可以包括第三回路、第四回路、压缩机、水冷冷凝器和水冷蒸发器,水冷蒸发器包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组,水冷冷凝器包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组;第三回路中串接有压缩机、第三换热管组和第二换热管组,第二换热管组用于与第一换热管组热交换;第四回路中串接有第四换热管和空调箱组件中暖风芯体,第四回路中还设置有第三水泵,第四回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第五端连通,第四回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第六端连通;其中,第四换热管用于与第三换热管组热交换,第四换热管组用于将与第三换热管组热交换后的冷却液传输给暖风芯体,第三水泵用于将经过暖风芯体后的冷却液回流至第二换热管组的第三水泵。压缩机输出的高温高压的冷却液可以经过第三换热管组、第二换热管组并回流至压缩机,第三换热管组可以与第三换热管组进行热交换,以降低第三换热管组内冷却液的温度,降温后的冷却液可以进入到第二换热管组,第二换热管组可与第一换热管组进行热交换,以对第一换热管组内的冷却液降温。该方案可以通过控制阀体组件,以实现对乘员舱和电池中的一个或多个制冷或制热。当热管理系统设置在电动汽车时,这种方式能够以较少的元器件实现较多的温度模式,不仅能够节省成本,降低电动汽车的工艺复杂度,还有助于灵活控制电动汽车中的各个位置的温度。
在上述的实施例中,为了使进入到第二换热管组内的冷却液降温,第三回路中还设置有节流装置,所述节流装置用于对所述第三换热管组输出的冷却液进行降温降压,所述第一换热管组的入口用于接入所述节流装置输出的低温低压冷却液。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括冷却器、电驱器、水壶和第四水泵;冷却器、电驱器、水壶以及第四水泵依次设置于第五回路,第五回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第七端连通,第五回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第八端连通,阀体组件的第九端与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。第五回路可以为电驱器提供冷量,且第五回路可以与阀体组件的第七端、第八端和第九端连通,热管理系统壳体通过 控制阀体组件以实现对乘员舱、电驱器和电池中的一个或多个制冷或制热。
在一种可能的实施例中,阀体组件可以为九通阀;
在第一回路上,九通阀的第一端与第一换热管组的进口连通,第一换热管组的出口与第一水泵的入口连通,第一水泵的出口与冷风芯体连通,冷风芯体的出口与九通阀的第二端连通;在第二回路上,九通阀的第四端用于与电池的第二端连通,电池的第一端用于与九通阀的第三端连通;在第四回路上,九通阀的第五端与第三水泵的进口连通,第三水泵的出口与第四换热管组的进口连通,第四换热换管组的出口与暖风芯体的入口连通,暖风芯体的出口与九通阀的第六端连通;在第五回路上,九通阀的第七端与冷却器的进口连通,冷却器的出口与电驱器的进口连通,电驱器的出口与水壶的进口连通,水壶的出口与第四水泵的进口连通,第四水泵的出口与九通阀的第八端连通;其中,九通阀的第九端与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。使用九通阀可以简化热管理系统的结构,提高阀体组件控制的便捷性,还能够有助于减小热管理系统所占用的空间。
在一种可能的实施例中,所述热管理系统还包括加热器,所述加热器设置于所述第四回路上,且所述加热器的进口与所述第四换热管组的出口连通,所述加热器的出口与所述暖风芯体的进口连通。当第四换热管组输出的冷却液的温度不能满足乘员舱或电池的加热需求时,还可以通过加热器来进一步加热冷却液体,提高制热效果。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第三阀体、第四阀体和第五阀体,第三阀体的第一端与第一换热管组的出口连通,第三阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第三阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第二端连通;第四阀体的第一端与暖风芯体的出口连通,第四阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第四阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第六端连通;第五阀体的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第五阀体的第二端与阀体组件的第二端连通,第五阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第六端连通;当暖风芯体用于接入第四换热管组输出的高温冷却液,暖风芯体输出的冷却液经第四阀体的第一端和第二端被冷风芯体接入,冷风芯体输出的冷却液经第五阀体的第一端以及第五阀体的第三端被阀体组件的第六端接入。此种方式中,第四换热管组内的高温的冷却液可以先通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,后通过第四阀体进入冷风芯体继续加热乘员舱气体,再通过第五阀体回到第四回路中,同时,第一换热管组中的低温冷却液通过第三阀体直接进入九通阀后去其他冷却液回路吸热。该布置方式中,空调箱组件内的暖风芯体和冷风芯体在加热气体使处于串联的状态,以提高空调箱组件的换热面积,提高换热效果。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第六阀体、第七阀体和第八阀体,第六阀体的第一端与第一换热管组的出口连通,第六阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第六阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第二端连通;第七阀体的第一端与第四换热管组的出口连通,第七阀体的第二端与暖风芯体进口连通,第七阀体的第三端与冷风芯体的进口与第六阀体的第六端之间的管路连通;第八阀体的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第八阀体的第二端与阀体组件的第二端连通,第八阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第六端连通;当冷风芯体以及暖风芯体均用于接入第四换热管组输出的高温冷却液,冷风芯体输出的冷却液经第八阀体的第一端、第八阀体的第二端、以及阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至第二换热管组,暖风芯体输出的冷却液经阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至第四换热管组。此种方式中,第四换热管组中的热制冷剂先通过第七阀体分配流量,一部分热水通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,另外一部分热水通过第七阀体进入冷风芯体继续加热乘员舱气体,再通过第八阀体回到暖风冷却液管路,同时,第一换热管组的低温冷却液可通过第六阀体直接进入九通阀后去其他冷却液回路吸热。该布置方式中,空调箱组件内的暖风芯体和冷风芯体在加热气体使处于并联的状态,且暖风芯体和冷风芯体中均通过高温的制冷剂,进而可以提高空调箱组件的换热面积,提高换热效果。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括进风换热器和第九阀体,进风换热器设置于空调箱组件的进口,进风换热器的进口与第九三通阀的第一端连通,进风换热器的出口与阀体组件的第六端连通,第九阀体的第二端与暖风芯体的出口连通,第九三通阀的第三端与阀体组件的第六端连通。在对乘员舱制热时,第四换热管组中的热制冷剂先通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,后通过第九阀体进入进风换热器预加热外循环进风的低温气体,再回到暖风冷却液管路。该布置方式,可以在保证乘员舱出风温度的同时,最大化利用暖芯加热后的温度较高的热水的能量,提高换热效果。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第十阀体、第十一阀体和第十二阀体,第十阀体的第一端与第一换热管组的出口连通,第十阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第十阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第二端连通;第十一阀体的第一端与第四换热管组的出口连通,第十一阀体的第二端与暖风芯体的 进口连通,第十一阀体的第三端与冷风芯体的进口端连通;第十二阀体的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第十二阀体的第二端与阀体组件的第二端连通,第十一阀体的第三端与阀体组件的第六端连通;当冷风芯体以及暖风芯体均用于接入第二换热管组输出的高温冷却液时,冷风芯体输出的冷却液经第十一阀体以及阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至第四换热管组,冷风芯体复用为暖风芯体;暖风芯体输出的冷却液第四换热管组的中间入口回流至第四换热管组。此种方式中,第四换热管组中的热制冷剂先通过第十一阀体分配流量,部分热水进入暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,后直接返回液冷冷凝器的中间入口。其他热水进入冷风芯体预加热进风的气体,再回到第四回路中。该布置方式可以实现液冷器冷凝器内冷却液的梯次分布,从第四换热管组的入口开始为预加热后被冷却的低温冷却液,到第四换热管组的中间入口后和进入暖风芯体后的中温冷却液混合,最后被加热至高温冷却液。同时第一换热管组的低温冷却液通过第十阀体直接进入九通阀后去其他冷却液回路吸热。此种设置方式中,可以通过调节第十一阀体流量保证冷却液的温度变化曲线和冷媒的温度变化曲线相匹配,减少系统能量的损失,提升效率。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第十三阀体和第十四阀体,第十三阀体的第一端与第四换热换管组的出口连通,第十三阀体的第二端与第一换热管组的出口连通,第十四阀体的第三端与暖风芯体的进口连通;第十四阀体的出口与暖风芯体与阀体组件之间的管路连通,第十四阀体的进口与冷风芯体与阀体组件之间的管路连通。此种方式中,第四换热管组和第一换热管组可以通过第十三阀体连通,控制部分在第四换热管组和第一换热管组的冷热水直接接触,使得整体水路温度提高,最后水路再从第十四阀体回到第四换热管道所处的第四回路。该模式可以利用压缩机本身产生的功率发热,在极低温情况下提高整体水路的温度以满足热泵开启要求。
在一种可能的实施例中,空调箱组件还包括额外芯体,热管理系统还包括第十五阀体、第十六阀体和第十七阀体;第十五阀体的第一端与第一换热管组的出口连通,第十五阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第十五阀体的第三端与第十六阀体的第一端连通,第十六阀体的第二端与第四换热管组的出口连通,第十六阀体的第三端与暖风芯体的进口连通,额外芯体的进口与第十五阀体的第三端与第十六端的第一端之间的管路连通,额外芯体的出口与第十七阀体的第一端连通,第十七阀体的第二端与第十五阀体的第二端与冷风芯体的进口之间的管路连通,第十七阀体的第三端与第十六阀体的第三端与暖风芯体的进口之间的管路连通。此种设置方式种,暖风芯体和冷风芯体还可分别对乘员舱进行制冷或制热,而额外芯体可根据冷热负荷的不同,作为额外的冷风芯体或暖风芯体参与制冷或制热。
其中,在上述的实施例中,第二阀体至第十三阀体、第十五阀体至第十七阀体均为三通阀,第十四阀体为单向阀。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括回热集液器,回热集液器设置于第三回路上,回热集液器包括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第五换热管组的进口与第三换热管组的出口连通,第五换热管组的出口与节流装置的进口连通,第六换热管组的进口与第二换热管组的出口连通,第六换热管组的出口与压缩机的进口连通。其中,回热集液器的设置可以进一步降低第一换热管组的出口的制冷剂温度,降低节流后的制冷剂干度,提高水冷蒸发器侧的制冷能力。
需要说明的是,回热集液器的结构具体可为多种,例如:回热集液器包括回热器和第一气液分离器,回热器包括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第一气液分离器的进口与第六换热管组的出口连通,第一气液分离器的出口与压缩机的进口连通。或,回热集液器包括回热器和储液罐,回热器包括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第五换热管组的进口与储液罐的出口连通,储液罐的进口与第三换热管组的出口连通。
在上述实施例中,节流装置可以为第一节流阀。
热管理系统还包括室外换热器、第二节流阀和第一阀门,第二节流阀的一端与第三换热管组的出口连通,第二节流阀的第二端与室外换热器的入口连通,室外换热器的出口与第一节流阀的入口连通,第一阀门的一端与第三换热管组的出口连通,第一阀门的另一端与第一节流阀的入口连通。室外换热器允许制冷剂直接与外界环境换热,在极端高温和低温条件下可以弥补水侧二次换热效率不足的问题,提高系统能力。
其中,第一阀门为截止阀。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第二气液分离器,第二气液分离器位于第三回路上,第二气液分离器的进口与第二换热器管组的出口连通,第二气液分离器的出口与压缩机电机的进口连通。其中,通过使用的第二气液分离器既能实现存储液体的功能,同时也能并将气液混合体中的液体留下,而只让气体流入压缩机,保证了压缩机入口的过热度要求,提高压缩效率。
在上述的实施例中,节流装置可以第一节流阀,或,节流装置还可包括喷射器和第三气液分离器,喷射器的射流端与第三换热管组的出口连通,喷射器的引流端与第二换热管组的出口连通,喷射器的输出端与第三气液分离器的进口连通,第三气液分离器的气相输出端与压缩机的进口连通,第三气液分离器的液相输出端与第二换热管组的进口连通。在第三回路运行的过程中,高温高压的冷却液经过第三换热管组换热后的冷却液通过喷射器的射流端进入射流器,此时,经过第二换热管组的出口的气体冷媒被喷射器前的压力较低的主射流带入到喷射器的引流端,经射流端和引流端的冷却液和气体冷媒在喷射器内混合后通过喷射器的输出端喷出进入第三气液分离器,从第三气液分离器中分为气体冷媒和液体冷媒,其中气体冷媒进入压缩机入口,液体冷媒进入水冷蒸发器的第三换热管组的入口。使用喷射器代替传统的电子膨胀阀能够有效的回收节流过程损失的能量,提高吸气压力,提升系统效能。
在上述实施例的基础上,节流装置还可包括第一电子膨胀阀,第一电子膨胀阀的进口与三气液分离器的气相输出端连通,第一电子膨胀阀的出口与第二换热管组的进口连通。其中,在喷射器的引流端的路径上增加第一电子膨胀阀可以调节进入喷射器内引射流的流量,从而弥补喷射器流量调节能力不足的问题,能够对热管理系统状态参数进行更有效的调节。
节流装置还可以包括第二电子膨胀阀,在设置第二电子膨胀阀时,第一电子膨胀阀可以设置,第一电子膨胀阀也可以不设置,第二电子膨胀阀的进口可与第三换热管组的出口连通,第二电子膨胀阀的出口与所述喷射器的射流端连通。第二电子膨胀阀的设置可以调节进入喷射器的射流端的流量,从而弥补喷射器流量调节能力不足的问题,能够对热管理系统状态参数进行更有效的调节。
在一种可能的实施例中,节流装置还包括第三电子膨胀阀、第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门和第五阀门;第二阀门的入口与第三换热管组的出口连通,第二阀门的出口与喷射器的射流端连通,第三阀门的一端与第二换热管组的出口连通,第三阀门的另一端与喷射器的引流端连通,第四阀门的一端与第二换热管组的出口连通,第四阀门的另一端与喷射器的输出端与第三气液分离器的进口之间的管路连通,第五阀门的一端与第三气液分离器的液相输出端连通,第五阀门的另一端与第二换热管组的进口连通,第三电子膨胀阀的一端与第二阀门的入口与第三换热管组的出口之间的管路连通,第三电子膨胀阀的另一端与第五阀门的出口与第二换热管组的进口之间的管路连通。此种方式中,第三换热管组的出口分为两路,其中一路为使用喷射器的一路,该模式运行时,需要关闭的第三电子膨胀阀,关闭第四阀门,打开第二阀门、第三阀门和第五阀门,经第三换热管组出口的冷却液通过第二阀门由射流端进入喷射器,引射流通过第三阀门进入喷射器的引流端,引流端和射流端的冷却液从喷射器的输出端进入第三气液分离器。另一路为使用第三电子膨胀阀的一路,该模式运行时,关闭第二阀门、第三阀门和第五阀门,打开第四阀门,打开并调节第三电子膨胀阀,第三换热管组的出口流出的冷却液进入第三电子膨胀阀中节流后,进入第二换热管组蒸发,蒸发完毕的冷却液经过第四阀门进入到第三气液分离器。该模式兼顾了喷射器的高效运行工况,当系统状态不适合喷射器运行时,也可以切换至常规的电子膨胀阀的工作模式。
其中,第一阀门至第五阀门均为截止阀。
在上述的实施例中,可以将阀体组件、多个水泵有几个各部件进行集成。
如:将第一水泵、第二水泵、第三水泵、第四水泵、第一阀体和阀体组件中的一个或几个集成在第一集成单元;
将水冷冷凝器、水冷蒸发器、加热器和节流装置中集成在第二集成单元;
将水冷冷凝器、水冷蒸发器、加热器、回热集液器、节流装置和压缩机集成在第三集成单元。通过对各个部件进行集成,不仅有助于减小热管理系统的结构复杂度,降低占用空间,还能通过这种紧凑的结构安排使各个部件之间的走线变短,从而有助于解决现阶段的电动汽车中热管理系统的元器件安装位置发散和管路过长的问题,当冷却液或制冷剂在这种短的循环链路中循环流动时,冷却液或制冷剂在循环流动过程中的压力损失变小,从而还有助于提升制冷剂回路的效率。此外,这种集成方式可以做成模块化的部件,从而还便于维护和携带。
在上述的实施例中,阀体组件还可以由九通阀和第一阀体(第一三通阀)集成。
第二方面,本申请还提供了一种第一方面任意技术方案中的热管理系统的控制方法,控制阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,控制阀体组件中的第二端与阀体组件的第四端连通,第一换热管组中的冷却液经过冷风芯体,用于对经过冷风芯体的气体进行降温;控制第一阀体的各个端的开闭,用于使经过冷风芯体的冷却液经阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端后,经过第一阀体回流至阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端进入第一换热管组,控制第二阀体,用于使电池内的冷却液由电池的第二端 流经第二阀体回流至电池的第一端;或,用于使经过冷风芯体的冷却液经阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端后,经过第一阀体以及电池回流至阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端进入第一换热管组。其产生的效果与第一方面中的热管理系统的效果相同,不再赘述。
第三方面,本申请还提供了一种热管理系统,该热管理系统可以包括缩机、空调箱组件、水冷冷凝器和截止阀,其中,空调箱组件可包括暖风芯体和冷风芯体;第一回路包括主回路、第一支路和第二支路,压缩机、暖风芯体和截止阀设置在主回路,压缩机的出口与暖风芯体的进口连通,暖风芯体的出口和截止阀的进口连通,截止阀的出口与压缩机的进口连通;第一支路上设置有第一节流阀和所述水冷蒸发器的第一换热管组,第一节流阀的进口与截止阀与暖风芯体之间的管路连通,第一节流阀的出口与第一换热管组的进口连通,第一换热管组的出口与截止阀的出口与压缩机的进口之间的管路连通;第二支路上设置第二节流阀和冷风芯体,第二节流阀的进口与截止阀与暖风芯体之间的管路连通,第二节流阀的出口与冷风芯体的进口连通,冷风芯体的出口与截止阀的出口与压缩机的进口之间的管路连通。此种设置方式中,第一支路和第二支路并联设置,主回路可以为暖风芯体提供热量,使乘员舱处于制热状态,第二支路的设置可以为空调箱组件中的冷风芯体提供冷量,以使乘员舱能够处于制冷状态。
在一种可能的实施例中,热管理系统还包括水冷冷凝器、阀体组件、第二回路和第三回路,水冷冷凝器包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组;第三换热管组的进口与暖风芯体的出口连通,第三换热管组的出口与截止阀的进口连通;第二回路上设置有第一水泵和第四换热管组,第四换热管组用于与第三换热管组热交换,第二回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第一端连通,第二回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第二端连通;第三回路经过电池,以与电池进行热交换,第三回路上设置有用于使第三回路内冷却液流动的第二水泵,第三回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第三端连通,第三回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第四端连通。上述的热管理系统中,可以控制阀体组件中的第一端和阀体组件中的第三端连通;阀体组件中的第二端和阀体组件中的第四端连通,此时,第二回路和第三回路通过阀体组件连通,第四换热管组可以通过与第三换热管组的热交换,使第三换热管组中的冷却液升温,升温的冷却液可以通过阀体组件进入到第三回路中,以对电池进行升温,而此时,压缩机输出的高温高压制冷剂是经过暖风芯体后进入到第三换热管组与第四换热管组进行热交换,即经过空调箱组件中暖风芯体的高温高压的制冷剂还可以对电池进行加热,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。其中,当阀体组件中的各个端口处于全部断开的状态时,压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂也可以通过暖风芯体,使乘员舱处于全热的模式。
其中,主回路上还设置有第三节流阀和室外换热器;第三节流阀的进口与第三换热管组的出口连通,第三节流阀的出口与室外换热器的进口连通,室外换热器的出口与截止阀的进口连通。
在上述的实施例中,热管理系统还包括第四回路,水冷蒸发器包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组;第四回路上设置有第三水泵和水冷蒸发器的第二换热管组,第二换热管组用于与第一换热管组热交换,第四回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第五端连通,第四回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第六端连通。此种方式中,控制阀体组件内各个端口的连接,可以使第四回路可以为电池所在的第三回路提供冷量,以使电池可以进行制冷。
上述的热管理系统还包括第五回路,以及设置于第五回路上的冷却器、电驱器、水壶和第四水泵,第五回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第七端连通,第五回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第八端连通,阀体组件的第九端与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。其中,第五回路可以通过阀体组件与第二回路、第三回路和第四回路中一个或几个进行连通。
在上述的实施例中,可以通过控制阀体组件中不同端口之间的连通,三个节流阀以及截止阀的通断,以实现对乘员舱、电池和电驱器中的一个或多个制冷或制热。当热管理系统设置在电动汽车时,这种方式能够以较少的元器件实现较多的温度模式,不仅能够节省成本,降低电动汽车的工艺复杂度,还有助于灵活控制电动汽车中的各个位置的温度。
在一种可能的实施例中,阀体组件为九通阀;在第二回路上,九通阀的第一端与第一水泵的进口连通,第一水泵的出口与第四换热管组的进口连通,第四换热换管组的出口与九通阀的第二端连通;在第三回路上,九通阀的第三端与第二水泵的进口连通,第二水泵的出口与电池的进口连通,电池的出口与九通阀的第四端连通;在第四回路上,九通阀的第五端与第三水泵的入口连通,第三水泵的出口与第二换热管组的进口连通,第二换热管组的出口与九通阀的第六端连通;在第五回路上,九通阀的第七端与冷却器的进口连通,冷却器的出口与电驱器的入口连通,电驱器的出口与水壶的进口连通,水壶的出口与第四水泵的入口连通,第四水泵的出口与九通阀的第八端连通;其中,九通阀的第九端与冷却器和电 驱器之间的管路连通。使用九通阀可以简化热管理系统的结构,提高阀体组件控制的便捷性,还能够有助于减小热管理系统所占用的空间。
第四方面,本申请还提功了一种热管理系统,包括压缩机、第一管组、第二管组、节流装置和回热集液器;压缩机的出口与第一管组的进口连通,第一管组的出口与回热集液器内的第三管组的进口连通,第三管组的出口与节流装置的进口连通,节流装置的出口与第二管组的进口连通,第二管组的出口与回热集液器内的第四管组的进口连通,第四管组的出口与压缩机的进口连通。其中,回热集液器的设置可以进一步降低第一换热管组的出口的制冷剂温度,降低节流后的制冷剂干度,提高水冷蒸发器侧的制冷能力。
具体的,回热集液器的形式可以为多种,如:回热集液器可包括回热器和气液分离器,回热器包括第三管组和第四管组,气液分离器的进口与第四管组的出口连通,气液分离器的出口与压缩机的进口连通。
回热集液器还可包括回热器和储液罐,回热器包括第三管组和第四管组,第三管组的进口与储液罐的出口连通,储液罐的进口与第一管组的出口连通。
第五方面,本申请还提供了一种车辆,该车辆可以包括控制器以及如上述第一方面和第三面任一项所述的热管理系统、空调箱组件、电池和驱动器。其中,控制器可以与热管理系统中的各个阀连接,并能通过控制各个阀的导通和关断,实现如下模式中的任一模式:乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式、乘员舱单独冷却的模式、电池单独冷却的模式、电池冷却且乘员舱加热的模式、电池自然冷却的模式、驱动器自动冷却的模式、乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式、电池制热且乘员舱除湿的模式、乘员舱单独制热的模式、电池单独制热的模式、整车除湿的模式。通过该设计,车辆能够实现乘员舱、电池和驱动器中的一个或多个的制冷模式或制热模式的自由切换,有助于使车辆能满足各种用户的不同需求,提高用户的驾驶体验。
附图说明
图01为本申请实施例提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图;
图02为本申请实施例提供的又一种热管理系统的结构示意图;
图1A为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图;
图1B1为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用回热集液器的结构示意图;
图1B2为图1B1中回热集液器的一种具体设置于第三回路中的结构示意图;
图1B3为图1B1中回热集液器的一种具体设置于第三回路中的结构示意图;
图1B4为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用第二气液分离器的结构示意图;
图1B5为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用节流装置的一种结构示意图;
图1B6为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用节流装置的一种结构示意图;
图1B7为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用节流装置的一种结构示意图;
图1B8为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用节流装置的一种结构示意图;
图1B9为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用节流装置的一种结构示意图;
图1C为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中使用室外换热器的结构示意图;
图1D为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图1E为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图1F为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图1G为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图1H为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图1I为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的又一种结构示意图;
图2A为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中一种集成方式的结构示意图;
图2B为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中又一种集成方式的结构示意图;
图3A为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中又一种集成方式的结构示意图;
图3B为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中又一种集成方式的结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中又一种集成方式的结构示意图;
图5A为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式的结构示意图;
图5B为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中员舱单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图5C为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图5D1为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下的结构示意图;
图5D2为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下的结构示意图;
图5E为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池自然冷却的模式下的结构示意图;
图5F为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池自然冷却的模式下的结构示意图;
图5G为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图5H为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图5I为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱单独制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图5J为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图5K1为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中整车除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图5K2为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中整车除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图5K3为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中整车除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图5L为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中阀体组件包括三通阀、四通阀和五通阀的结构示意图;
图6A示例性示出本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图;
图6B示例性示出本申请实施例二提供的一种使用回热集液器时的结构示意图;
图6C示例性示出本申请实施例二提供的一种使用室外换热器时的结构示意图;
图7A为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图7B为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图7C为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图7D1和7D2为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下的结构示意图;
图7E为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电池自然冷却模式的结构示意图;
图7F为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电驱器自然冷却模式的结构示意图;
图7G为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图7H为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图7I为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱单独制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图7J为本申请实施例二提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图8示例性示出本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图;
图9A为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图9B为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图9C为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制冷的模式下的结构示意图;
图9D为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下的结构示意图;
图9E为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电池自然冷却的模式下的结构示意图;
图9F为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电驱器自然冷却的模式下的结构示意图;
图9G为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图9H为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下的结构示意图;
图9I为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱单独制热的模式下的结构示意图;
图9J为本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统中电池单独制热模式下的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
本申请中的热管理系统适用于电动汽车。电动汽车是一种使用电驱器驱动行驶的交通工具。电驱器例如可以包括电源分配单元(power distribution unit,PDU)、微控制单元(microcontroller unit,MCU)、映射调试上下文(Mapped Diagnostic Context,MDC)和马达等。现有的电动汽车上所使用的热管理系统中各个元器件之间的部署位置比较分散,导致管路走线较长,这使得液体在管路中循环流动时的压力损失较为严重,影响环路的制冷效果或制热效果。另外,现有的热管理系统中各个环路中的器件需要单 独控制,导致各个环路之间的协调性比较差。
以下实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的,而并非旨在作为对本申请的限制。如在本申请的说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,单数表达形式“一个”、“一种”、“所述”、“上述”、“该”和“这一”旨在也包括例如“一个或多个”这种表达形式,除非其上下文中明确地有相反指示。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此,在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例,而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”,除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”,除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
图01为本申请实施例提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图,如图01所示,热管系统包括第一回路a、第二回路b和阀体组件,第一回路a上设置有第一换热管组和空调箱组件3中的冷风芯体,第一回路a上还设置有第一水泵11,冷风芯体用于接入第一换热管组的出口a34输出的冷却液,第一回路a的第一端口与阀体组件的第一端a26连通,第一回路a的第二端口与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;第二回路b上设置有电池、第二水泵12、第一阀体和第二阀体,第二回路b的第一端口与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,第二回路b的第二端口与阀体组件的第四端a22连通,第一阀体使用于经阀体组件的第三端a23或第四端a22的冷却液经第二水泵12流入电池,并回流至阀体组件的第四端a22或第三端a23,或,第一阀体用于使冷却液由阀体组件第三端a23或第四端a22经第一阀体回流至阀体组件的第四端a22或第三端a23,第二阀体用于使电池内的冷却液由电池的第二端流经第二阀体回流至电池的第一端。
上述的热管理系统中,空调箱组件3一般设置在车辆的乘员舱,当对乘员舱进行制冷时,需要将阀体组件的第一端a26与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第四端a22连通,使第一回路a内的冷却液可以循环流动,以持续的为冷风芯体提供冷量,使乘员舱处于制冷状态。具体而言,冷却液在第一水泵11的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第一阀体直接流回阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵11的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,此过程中,电池中的冷却液可以在第二阀体以及第二水泵12的带动下进行内循环,以实现电池的均温,且不影响乘员舱制冷。另外,冷却液在第一水泵11的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第一阀体时,冷却液也可以再经第一阀体后,进入到电池回流阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵11的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,此过程中,经过第一换热管组的冷却液可以对冷风芯体和电池共同制冷。
在上述的实施方式中,在阀体组件、第一阀体和第二阀体的作用下,第一回路中的冷却液可以为冷风芯体单独提供冷量和对冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量,且在为冷风芯体单独提供冷量时,在第二阀体和第二水泵的作用下,电池还能够均温,进而提高了热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
需要说明的是,第一阀体和第二阀体具体可以为多种形式:如:第一阀体可以为第一三通阀,第二阀体可以为第一单向阀,继续参照图01,第一三通阀27的第一端可以与阀体组件的第四端a22连通,第一三通阀27的第二端与电池的第一端连通,其中,第二水泵可设置在第一三通阀27的第二端与电池的第一端之间的管路上,第一三通阀27的第三端与电池的第二端和阀体组件的第三端a23之间的管路连通,第一单向阀7的进口和第一三通阀27的第三端与电池的第二端之间的管路连通,第一单向阀7的出口与第一三通阀27的第二端和电池的第一端之间的管路连通。当单独为冷风芯体提供冷量,阀体组件的第一端a26与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第四端a22连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀27的第一端和第三端导通,第一三通阀27的第二端处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第一三通阀27直接流回阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组,此过程中,第一单向阀7可以处于导通状态,电池处的冷却液可以在第二水泵的带动下,由电池的第二端、第一单向阀7的进口、第一单向阀7的出口、第二水泵回流至电池的第一端,以完成对电池的均温;当为冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量时,阀体组件的第一端a26与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第四端a23连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀27的第一端和第二端导通,第一三通阀27的第三端处于不导通的状态,第一单向阀7也可以处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以 由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第一三通阀27的第一端和第二端至电池,冷却液经过电池流回阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组。
另外,第一阀体为第一三通阀时,第二阀体可以为第二三通阀,具体参照图02,第一三通阀27的第一端与阀体组件的第四端a22和电池之间的管路连通,第一三通阀27的第二端与电池的第二端连通,第一三通阀27的第三端与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,第二三通阀28的第一端与阀体组件的第四端a22连通,第二三通阀28的第二端与电池的第一端连通,第二水泵12设置于第二三通阀28的第二端与电池的第一端之间的管路上,第二三通阀28的第三端与电池的第二端与第一三通阀27的第二端与电池的第二端之间的管路连通。当单独为冷风芯体提供冷量,阀体组件的第一端a26与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第四端a22连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀27的第一端和第一三通阀的第三端导通,第一三通阀27的第二端处于不导通的状态,以使冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第一三通阀27直接流回阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组,此过程中,第二三通阀28可以的各个端可以处于不导通的状态,或者,第二三通阀28的第二端和第二三通阀的第三端处于导通的状态,第二三通阀的第一端处于不导通的状态,电池处的冷却液可以在第二水泵12的带动下,由电池的第二端、第二三通阀28的第二端、第二三通阀28的第三端、第二水泵12回流至电池的第一端,以完成对电池的均温;当为冷风芯体和电池同时提供冷量时,阀体组件的第一端a26与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第四端a22连通时,可以通过控制第一三通阀27的第二端和第三端导通,第一三通阀27的第二端处于不导通的状态,控制第二三通阀28的第一端和第二三通阀28的第二端处于导通的状态,第二三通阀28的第三端处于不导通的状态,以使却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、经第二三通阀28的第一端和第二三通阀的第二端a27、电池、第一三通阀27的第二端和第三端流回阀体组件的第三端a23,并经过阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一端a26回流至第一换热管组。
在上述的实施例中,热管理系统还可以包括第三回路、第四回路和第五回路,参照下述的实施例进行详尽的说明。且在下述实施例中,第二回路中均以第二阀体为第一单向阀为例进行说明。
实施例一
图1A示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图,如图1A所示,该热管理系统中可以包括:阀体组件、压缩机1、水冷冷凝器2、空调箱组件3、水冷蒸发器4、节流装置、电池、冷却器、电驱器、第一水泵11、第二水泵12、第三水泵10、第四水泵13、第一回路、第二回路、第三回路、第四回路和第五回路;水冷冷凝器2可以包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组,水冷蒸发器4可以包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组,空调箱组件3可以包括暖风芯体和冷风芯体。其中,第一回路上设置有第一水泵11、第一换热管组和冷风芯体,且第一回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第一端a26连通,第一回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;具体的,第一换热管组的进口a33与阀体组件的第一端a26连通,第一换热管组可以与第二换热管组进行热交换,第一换热管组的出口a34与第一水泵11的进口连通,第一水泵11的出口与冷风芯体的进口连通,冷风芯体的出口与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;第二回路上设置有第二水泵12,且第二回路经过电池并可以与电池进行热交换,第二回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第三端a23连通,第二回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第四端a22连通,其中,第二回路上还设置有第一三通阀27和第一单向阀7;第三换热管组、节流装置、第二换热管组和压缩机1设置于第三回路,第三换热管组的进口a11与压缩机1的出口连通,第三换热管组的出口a12与第二换热管组的进口a31连通,第二换热管组的出口a32与压缩机1的进口连通;第四回路上设置有暖风芯体、第四换热管组和第三水泵10,且第四回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第五端a21连通,第四回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第六端a28连通;具体的,第四换热管组的出口a13与暖风芯体的进口连通,暖风芯体的出口与阀体组件的第六端a28连通,第三水泵10的进口与阀体组件的第五端a21连通,第三水泵10的出口与第四换热管组的进口a14连通;第五回路上设置有冷却器、电驱器、水壶以及第四水泵13,第五回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第七端a25连通,第五回路的第二端口与阀体组件的第八端a24连通,具体的,冷却器的进口与阀体组件的第七端a25连通,冷却器的出口与电驱器的进口连通,电驱器的出口与水壶的进口连通,水壶的出口与阀体组件的第八端a24连通,阀体组件的第九端a29与冷却器和电 驱器之间的管路连通。在具体实施的过程中,可以控制阀体组件中不同的端口相互连通,以实现不同的目的,且在对暖风芯体制冷时,通过控制第一三通阀27和第一单向阀7,能够使电池制冷或者进行均温,进而提高了热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
需要说明的是,水壶是一种上方开口的容器,水壶的输入端位于水壶的上方,水壶的输出端则位于水壶的下方,当气液混合物质经由水壶的输入端进入水壶时,气液混合物质中的液体会由于重力作用流入至水壶的下端从而在水壶的输出端流出,而气液混合物质中的气体则被留在水壶中,因此,壶实际上相当于一个净化液体(使液体里不掺杂气体)的部件。这种情况下,水壶设置在第五回路中,因此能够净化第五回路中的冷却液液体,当冷却液液体越纯净,则冷却液环路的调温效果也就越好。
另外,图1A中各个部件的连接关系只是一种示例性说明,位于同一个回路上的各个部件的位置也可以进行交换,而并不限定为图1A所示意的连接关系。例如:图1A中的第三水泵10也可以设置在第四换热管组与暖风芯体之间,第四水泵13也可以设置在水壶和电驱器之间,这种位置交换对于方案的实施来说并没有本质的影响。下面以图1A所示意的热管理系统介绍方案的具体实现过程。
本申请实施例中,冷却器设置在前端冷却模组中,前端冷却模组中还设置有第一风扇5,第一风扇5可以基于环境空气实现环境温度与冷却器的换热。因此,冷却器的换热具体可以包括升温或降温,例如:冷却液在冬天时的温度比环境温度要低,因此,前端冷却模组可以基于环境温度升温冷却液,冷却液在夏天时的温度比环境温度要高,因此,前端冷却模组还可以基于环境温度降温冷却液。为了便于理解,下文都以前端冷却模组只进行降温为例进行介绍,须知,这并不是限定前端冷却模组不能进行升温。本申请实施例中,空调箱组件3包括冷风芯体和暖风芯体,而空调箱组件3一般设置在汽车的乘员舱中,空调箱组件3中还可以设置有第二风扇6,第二风扇6可以直接将环境空气(既不降温也不升温)吹至乘员舱,也可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由冷风芯体对空气环境进行降温,还可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由暖风芯体对空气进行升温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图1A,热管理系统中还可以包括加热器,加热器的输入端连接第四换热管组的出口a13,加热器的输出端连接暖风芯体的进口,加热器用于对流经加热器的冷却液进行加热。当需要加热乘员舱时,如果暖风芯体吹出至乘员舱的暖风温度没有达到用户设置的温度,则还可以使用加热器对第四换热管组输出的冷却液进行加热,这样,流至暖风芯体的冷却液具有更高温度,从而有助于提高吹出至乘员舱的暖风的温度,提高乘员舱的升温效果。如果暖风芯体吹出至乘员舱的暖风的温度合适,则可以关掉加热器。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图1A,热管理系统中还可以包括节流装置,节流装置可以包括第一节流阀14,第一节流阀14可以设置在第三回路上。具体的,第一节流阀14的进口连接第三换热管组的出口a12,第一节流阀14的出口连接第二换热管组的进口a31。第一节流阀14用于在蒸发吸热前对气体实现降压膨胀并控制流通制冷剂的流量,当第一节流阀14被完全关闭时,第一节流阀14不流通制冷剂。这种情况下,制冷剂回路被切断,第三回路无法通过蒸汽压缩循环进行制热或制冷。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1B1所示,热管理系统中还可以包括回热集液器8a。回热集液器8a内具有第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第五换热管组的进口a44与第三换热管组的出口a12连通,第五换热管组的出口a43连接第二换热管组的进口a31。第六换热管组的进口a42与第二换热管组的出口a32连通,第六换热管组的出口a41连接压缩机输入端。回热集液器的设置可以进一步降低冷凝器出口的制冷剂温度,降低节流后的制冷剂干度,提高蒸发器侧的制冷能力。
在上述的实施例中,参照图1B2,回热集液器8a可包括回热器80和第一气液分离器81,回热器包80括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第一气液分离器81的进口与第六换热管组的出口a41连通,第一气液分离器81的出口与压缩机1的进口连通。
参照图1B3,回热集液器8a包括回热器8和储液罐82,回热器82包括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第五换热管组的进口a44与储液罐82的出口连通,储液罐82的进口与第三换热管组的出口a12连通。
如图1B4所示,热管理系统中还包括第二气液分离器8b,第二气液分离器8b的输入端连接第三换热管组的出口a32,第二气液分离器8b的输出端连接压缩机1的输入端。该方式中的第二气液分离器8b既能实现存储液体的功能,同时也能并将气液混合体中的液体留下,而只让气体流入压缩机1,保证了压缩机1入口的过热度要求,提高压缩效率。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1B5,热管理系统的节流装置可以使用喷射器8c、第三气液分离 器8d,喷射器8c的射流端与第三换热管组的出口a12连通,喷射器8c的引流端与第二换热管组的出口a32连通,喷射器8c的输出端与第三气液分离器8d的进口连通,第三气液分离器8d的气相输出端与压缩机1的进口连通,第三气液分离器8d的液相输出端与第二换热管组的进口a31连通。在第三回路运行的过程中,高温高压的冷却液经过第三换热管组换热后的冷却液通过喷射器8c的射流端进入射流器,此时,经过第二换热管组的出口a32的气体冷媒被喷射器前的压力较低的主射流带入到喷射器8c的引流端,经射流端和引流端的冷却液和气体冷媒在喷射器8c内混合后通过喷射器8c的输出端喷出进入第三气液分离器8d,从第三气液分离器8d中分为气体冷媒和液体冷媒,其中气体冷媒进入压缩机1入口,液体冷媒进入水冷蒸发器的第三换热管组的入口a31。使用喷射器8c代替传统的电子膨胀阀能够有效的回收节流过程损失的能量,提高吸气压力,提升系统效能。
结合图1B5和图1B6,节流装置还可包括第一电子膨胀阀9a,第一电子膨胀阀9a的进口与三气液分离器8d的气相输出端连通,第一电子膨胀阀9a的出口与第二换热管组的进口a31连通。其中,在喷射器8c的引流端的路径上增加第一电子膨胀阀9a可以调节进入喷射器8c内引射流的流量,从而弥补喷射器8c流量调节能力不足的问题,能够对热管理系统状态参数进行更有效的调节。
结合图1B7和图1B8,节流装置还可以包括第二电子膨胀阀9b,在设置第二电子膨胀阀9b时,第一电子膨胀阀9a可以设置即图1B8,第一电子膨胀阀9a也可以不设置即图1B7,第二电子膨胀阀9b的进口可与第三换热管组的出口a12连通,第二电子膨胀阀9b的出口与所述喷射器8c的射流端连通。第二电子膨胀阀9b的设置可以调节进入喷射器8c的射流端的流量,从而弥补喷射器8c流量调节能力不足的问题,能够对热管理系统状态参数进行更有效的调节。
参照图1B9,节流装置还包括第三电子膨胀阀9c、第二阀门A、第三阀门B、第四阀门C和第五阀门D;第二阀门A的入口与第三换热管组的出口a12连通,第二阀门A的出口与喷射器8c的射流端连通,第三阀门B的一端与第二换热管组的出口a32连通,第三阀门B的另一端与喷射器8c的引流端连通,第四阀门C的一端与第二换热管组的出口a32连通,第四阀门C的另一端与喷射器8c的输出端与第三气液分离器8b的进口之间的管路连通,第五阀门D的一端与第三气液分离器8d的液相输出端连通,第五阀门D的另一端与第二换热管组的进口a31连通,第三电子膨胀阀9c的一端与第二阀门A的入口与第三换热管组的出口a12之间的管路连通,第三电子膨胀阀9c的另一端与第五阀门D的出口与第二换热管组的进口a31之间的管路连通。此种方式中,第三换热管组的出口a12分为两路,其中一路为使用喷射器8c的一路,该模式运行时,需要关闭的第三电子膨胀阀9c,关闭第四阀门C,打开第二阀门A、第三阀门B和第五阀门D,经第三换热管组出口a12的冷却液通过第二阀门A由射流端进入喷射器8c,引射流通过第三阀门B进入喷射器8c的引流端,引流端和射流端的冷却液从喷射器8c的输出端进入第三气液分离器8d。另一路为使用第三电子膨胀阀9c的一路,该模式运行时,关闭第二阀门A、第三阀门B和第五阀门D,打开第四阀门C,打开并调节第三电子膨胀阀9c,第三换热管组的出口a12流出的冷却液进入第三电子膨胀阀9c中节流后,进入第二换热管组蒸发,蒸发完毕的冷却液经过第四阀门C进入到第三气液分离器8d。该模式兼顾了喷射器的高效运行工况,当系统状态不适合喷射器运行时,也可以切换至常规的电子膨胀阀的工作模式。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1C所示,热管理系统的制冷剂回路可以包括一个室外换热器。室外换热器包括第七换热管组,其输入端a41连接第三换热管组的出口a12,输出端a42连接第二换热管组的进口a31。室外换热器允许制冷剂直接与外界环境换热,在极端高温和低温条件下可以弥补水侧二次换热效率不足的问题,提高系统能力。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1D所示,热管理系统还包括第十三阀体16和第十四阀体15,第十三阀体16的第一端与第四换热换管组的出口a13连通,第十三阀体16的第二端与第一换热管组的出口a34连通,第十三阀体16的第三端与暖风芯体的进口连通,第十四阀体15的出口与暖风芯体与阀体组件之间的管路连通,第十四阀体15的进口与冷风芯体与阀体组件之间的管路连通;即第四换热管组的出口a13可通过第十三阀体16与第一换热管组的出口a34相连,控制部分在第四换热管组和第一换热管组的冷热水直接接触,使得整体冷却液的温度提高,最后混合后的冷却液从第十四阀体15回到第四换热管组所处的第四回路。该模式可以利用压缩机本身产生的功率发热,在极低温情况下提高第四回路的温度以满足热泵开启要求。
其中,第十三阀体为三通阀,第十四阀体为单向阀。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1E所示,热管理系统还包括第三阀体17、第四阀体18和第五阀 体19,第三阀体17的第一端与第一换热管组的出口a34连通,第三阀体17的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第三阀体17的第三端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;第四阀体18的第一端与暖风芯体的出口连通,第四阀体18的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第四阀体18的第三端与阀体组件的第六端a28连通;第五阀体19的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第五阀体19的第二端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通,第五阀体19的第三端与阀体组件的第六端a28连通。当阀体组件中的第五端a21和阀体组件中的第六端a28连通,空调箱组件处于制热状态,为了实现冷风芯体和暖风芯体串联换热,提高乘员舱侧换热面积,进而提高换热的效率,控制第三阀体17的第二端处于关闭的状态,控制第四阀体18的第一端和第二端处于导通的状态,第四阀体18的第三端处于关闭的状态,控制第五阀体19的第一端以及第三端处于导通的状态,第五阀体19的第二端处于关闭的状态,以使第二换热管组中的热冷却液先通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,后通过第四阀体18的第一端和第二端进入冷风芯体继续加热乘员舱气体,再通过第五阀体19的第一端以及第三端回到第四回路中,同时,第一换热管组的低温冷却液通过第三阀体17的第一端和第三端直接进入阀体组件的第二端a27后去其他回路吸热。该布置方式中,可最大化利用空调箱组件内暖风芯体和冷风芯体的换热面积,提高换热效果。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1F所示,热管理系统还包括第六阀体20、第七阀体21和第八阀体22,第六阀体20的第一端与第一换热管组的出口a34连通,第六阀体20的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第六阀体20的第三端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;第七阀体21的第一端与第四换热管组的出口a13连通,第七阀体21的第二端与暖风芯体进口连通,第七阀体21的第三端与冷风芯体的进口和第六阀体20的第二端之间的管路连通;第八阀体22的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第八阀体22的第二端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通,第八阀体22的第三端与阀体组件的第六端a28连通。当阀体组件中的第五端a21和阀体组件中的第六端a28连通,空调箱组件处于制热状态,为了实现冷风芯体和暖风芯体并联换热,提高乘员舱侧换热面积,进而提高换热的效率,控制第六阀体20的第二端处于关闭的状态,控制第七阀体21的三端均处于导通的状态,控制第八阀体22的第一端以及第三端处于导通的状态,第八阀体22的第二端处于关闭的状态,以使第四换热管组输出的热冷却液通过第七阀体21分配流量,一部分冷却液通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,另一部分热冷却液通过第七阀体21进入冷风芯体继续加热乘员舱气体,再通过第八阀体22第一端以及第三端回到第四回路中,同时,第一换热管组的低温冷却液通过第六阀体20的第一端和第三端直接进入阀体组件的第二端a27后去其他回路吸热。该布置方式中,可最大化利用空调箱组件内暖风芯体和冷风芯体的换热面积,提高换热效果。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1G所示,热管理系统还包括第九阀体23,且在空调箱外气进口增加进风换热器,其中,进风换热器的进口与第九三通阀23的第一端连通,进风换热器的出口与阀体组件的第六端a28连通,第九阀体23的第二端与暖风芯体的出口连通,第九三通阀23的第三端与阀体组件的第六端a28连通。当阀体组件中的第五端a21和阀体组件中的第六端a28连通,空调箱组件处于制热状态时,第四换热管组中的热冷却液先通过暖风芯体加热进入乘员舱的空气,后通过第九阀体23的第二端以及第一端进入到风换热器预加热外循环进风的低温气体,再回到第四回路。该布置方式可以在保证乘员舱出风温度的同时,最大化利用暖芯加热后的温度较高的热冷却液,提高换热效果。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图1H所示,热管理系统还包括第十阀体24、第十一阀体25和第十二阀体26,第十阀体24的第一端与第一换热管组的出口a34连通,第十阀体24的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第十阀体24的第三端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通;第十一阀体25的第一端与第四换热管组的出口a13连通,第十一阀体25的第二端与暖风芯体的进口连通,第十一阀体25的第三端与冷风芯体的进口端连通;第十二阀体26的第一端与冷风芯体的出口连通,第十二阀体26的第二端与阀体组件的第二端a27连通,第十二阀体26的第三端与阀体组件的第六端a28连通;其中,在第四换热管组上还设置有中间入口a15,中间入a15口与暖风芯体的出口连通。当阀体组件中的第五端a21和阀体组件中的第六端a28连通,空调箱组件处于制热状态时,第四换热管组输出的热冷却液通过第十一阀体25分别进入到暖风芯体和冷风芯体,进入暖风芯体中的热冷却液可以加热进入乘员舱的空气,暖风芯体中的冷却液可以直接通过第四换热管组的中间入口a15进入到第四换热管组。进入到冷风芯体的热冷却液可以加热进风的气体,再通过第十二阀体26进入到阀体组件的第六端a28,并通过阀体组件的第五端a21进入到第四换热管组的进口a14。该布置方式可以实现第四换热管组内回流的冷却液的梯次分布,从第四换热管组的进口a14开始为预加热后被冷却的低温冷却液,到第四换热管组的中间入口a15后和进入暖风芯体后的中温冷却液混合,最后被加热至高温冷却液,完成对第四换热管组内的冷却液的 加热过程。同时,第一换热管组的低温冷却液通过第十阀体24的第一端和第三端直接进入阀体组件的第二端a27后去其他回路吸热。这样的结构可以通过调节第十一阀体25流量保证冷却液的温度变化曲线和冷媒的温度变化曲线相匹配,减少系统的能量损失,提升效率。
如图1I所示,空调箱组件还包括额外芯体,热管理系统还包括第十五阀体28a、第十六阀体28b和第十七阀体28c;第十五阀体28a的第一端与第一换热管组的出口a34连通,第十五阀体28a的第二端与冷风芯体的进口连通,第十五阀体28a的第三端与第十六阀体28b的第一端连通,第十六阀体28b的第二端与第四换热管组的出口a13连通,第十六阀体28b的第三端与暖风芯体的进口连通,额外芯体的进口与第十五阀体28a的第三端与第十六端的第一端之间的管路连通,额外芯体的出口与第十七阀体28c的第一端连通,第十七阀体28c的第二端与第十五阀体28a的第二端与冷风芯体的进口之间的管路连通,第十七阀体28c的第三端与第十六阀体28b的第三端与暖风芯体的进口之间的管路连通。此种设置方式种,暖风芯体和冷风芯体还可分别对乘员舱进行制冷或制热,而额外芯体可根据冷热负荷的不同,作为额外的冷风芯体或暖风芯体参与制冷或制热。
具体而言,对乘员舱进行制冷时,额外芯体可以作为冷风芯体使用,第四换热管组的出口a13的高温冷却液通过第十六阀体28b的第二端、第十六阀体28b的第三端流向暖风芯体的进口,此时,第十七阀体28c的第一端关闭,高温的冷却液只能够进入到暖风芯体,且经暖风芯体的冷却液进入阀体组件向外界散热,后回到第四换热管组的进口a14。
第一换热管组的出口a34的冷却液经过第十五阀体28a的第一端、第十五阀体28a的第三端进入额外暖风芯体进行换热后,通过第十七阀体28c的第一端、第十七阀体28c的第二端流入冷风芯体,最后通过冷风芯体的出口进入阀体组件,循环完成后回流至第一换热管组的进口a33。
在对乘员舱进行制热时,额外芯体作为暖风芯体使用,其中,第一换热管组的出口a34的冷却液通过第十五阀体28a的第一端进入第十五阀体28a,第七十阀体28c的第二端关闭,冷却液经第十五阀体28a的第二端进入冷风芯体后,通过阀体组件进去其他的冷却液回路吸热后,回流至第一换热管组的进口a33。第四换热管组的出口a13的高温冷却液通过第十六阀体28b的第二端和第十六阀体28b的第一端进入额外芯体进行换热,再通过第十七阀体28c的第三端进入暖风芯体换热,最后从暖风芯体的出口进入阀体组件,然后返回至第四换热管组a14。
需要说明的是,在采暖除湿的工况中,冷风芯体和暖风芯体均处于工作状态,额外芯体根据冷热负荷大小灵活作为冷风芯体或暖风芯体。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图1A所示,为了获知热管理系统中各关键位置处的实际温压情况,以确定下一步是否需要调节温控效果,热管理系统中还可以在各关键位置处设置温压感应器,例如:温压传感器P10、温压传感器P11、温压传感器P12和温压传感器P13。其中,温压传感器P10设置在压缩机的出口,用于检测压缩机输出的制冷剂的温度和压力;温压传感器P11设置在第二换热管组的出口,用于第二换热管组输出的温度和压力。温压传感器P12设置在电池的入水口,用于检测电池的温度和压力。温压传感器P13设置在电驱器的入水口,用于检测电驱器的温度和压力。应理解,上述示意出的关键位置只是示例性地说明,本申请并不限定只有这些关键位置。
本申请实施例中,热管理系统中的各个部件还可以按照集成方式进行模块化设计。模块化设计是指将功能类似或结构类似的部件(也可以为随意选择的部件)集成在一起构成模块,这样不仅有助于减小占用空间,还能够利用模块完成自由组合,提高设计的灵活性。实现模块化设计的方案有多种,例如:
在一种可选地实施方式中,可以将热管理系统中的各个阀件集成在第一集成单元(称为阀件总成)中。阀件部件是指能够控制液体流动与否的部件。各个阀件可以包括第十二阀体、九通阀、第一水泵11、第二水泵12、第三水泵10、第四水泵13和水壶中的几项。下面示例性介绍几种可能的阀件总成的集成方式。
图2A示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的一种成方式的结构示意图,如图2A所示,该种集成方式将九通阀、第一水泵11、第三水泵10和第四水泵13集成在第一集成单元中。
图2B示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的又一种集成方式的结构示意图,如图2B所示,该种集成方式将第一阀体、九通阀、第一水泵11、第三水泵10、第二水泵12和第四水泵13集成在阀件总成中。这种方式下的阀件总成比图2A中的方式集成的部件更多,所以结构更轻巧。
图3A示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的又一种集成方式的结构示意图,如图3A所示,该种集成方式将水冷冷凝器2、水冷蒸发器3、加热器集成在冷媒部件总成中,电池冷却器的一侧端口所设置的 第一节流阀14也可以集成在冷媒部件总成中。
图3B示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的又一种集成方式的结构示意图,如图3B所示,该种集成方式将水冷冷凝器2、水冷蒸发器3、加热器、压缩机1、回热集液器8a成在冷媒部件总成中,电池冷却器的一侧端口所设置的第一节流阀14也可以集成在冷媒部件总成中。
图4示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的又一种集成方式的结构示意图,如图4所示,该种集成方式将热管理系统中的各个板换部件和各个阀件同时集成在同一个元件总成中,各个板换部件可以包括水冷冷凝器2、水冷蒸发器4、加热器、压缩机1、回热集液器中的一项或多项,各个阀门部件可以包括九通阀、第一水泵11、第三水泵10、第二水泵12、水壶、第一阀体27中的一项或多项。这种方式下集成的部件更多,所以结构更轻巧。
在上述几种实施方式中,通过对电动汽车前舱中的各个部件(不含前端冷却模组)进行集成,不仅有助于减小热管理系统的结构复杂度,降低占用空间,还能通过这种紧凑的结构安排使各个部件之间的走线变短,从而有助于解决现阶段的电动汽车中热管理系统的元器件安装位置发散和管路过长的问题,当冷却液或制冷剂在这种短的循环链路中循环流动时,冷却液或制冷剂在循环流动过程中的压力损失变小,从而还有助于提升制冷剂回路的效率。此外,这种集成方式可以做成模块化的部件,从而还便于维护和携带。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例一还可将其他的部件进行集成,可以阀体组件或其他的部件为基础进行集成,此处不进行列举。
下面先示例性介绍根据图1A所示意的热管理系统所能形成的几种环路:其中,在下几种回路中,第一阀体27为第一三通阀,第二阀体为第一单向阀。
制冷剂环路,该环路包括第三回路,且环路中预置有制冷剂,例如氟利昂。该环路中的制冷剂气体在压缩机处被压缩为高温高压的制冷剂气体,然后依次经由第三换热管组和第二换热管组后回到压缩机。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体在第三换热管组中与第四换热管组进行换热处理后得到低温的制冷剂液体(对应的第四换热管组换热后得到高温的冷却液),该低温的制冷剂液体进而流入第二换热管组,在第二换热管组中与第一换热管组进行换热处理后得到高温的制冷剂气体(对应的第一换热管组换热后得到低温冷却液)。
第一冷却液环路,该环路包括第四回路,且环路中预置有冷却液,例如:水和乙醇的混合液体。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵10带动运行,并依次经由第四换热管组的进口a14、第四换热管组的出口a13、暖风芯体、阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第五端a21后回到第一水泵10。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第四换热管组能够换热得到高温冷却液,高温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动,从而升温暖风芯体。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第四换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此,常温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动。
第二冷却液环路,该环路包括第一回路和第二回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵11带动运行,并依次经由第一换热管组的出口a34、第三水泵11、冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一阀体27、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26、第一换热管组的进口a33形成环路。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第一换热管组能够换热得到低温冷却液,低温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动,从而降温冷风芯体或进入阀体组件降温电池。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第一换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此,常温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动。
第三冷却液环路,该环路包括第一回路和第二回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵11和第二水泵12带动运行,从第二水泵12开始并依次经由电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26、第一换热管组、第一水泵11、冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一阀体27后回到第二水泵12。第三冷却液环路为电池主动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经第一阀体27并进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。从另一个角度,第一换热管组也可通过第三冷却液环路从电池中吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第一换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此,常温冷却液在第三冷却液环路中循环流动。
第四冷却液环路,该环路包括第一回路、第二回路和第五回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵11、第二水泵12和第四水泵13带动运行,从第二水泵12开始依次经由电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵13、阀体组件的第八端a24、 阀体组件的第一端a26、第一换热管组、第一水泵11、冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一阀体27后回到第二水泵12。第三冷却液环路为电池主动和被动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经第一阀体27并进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。第四冷却液环路与第三冷却液环路很相似,只是第三冷却液环路中的冷却液流经阀体组件后直接前往第一换热管组降温,而第四冷却液环路中的冷却液流经阀体组件后还要经过前端冷却模组继续冷却,因此,无论第一制冷剂环路是否导通,第四冷却液环路都能够同时降温电池和电驱器。只是在第一制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第四冷却液环路中的冷却液可经过第一换热管组进行主动换热降温,再经由前端冷却模组进行二次降温,因此降温效果更好。从另一个角度,第一换热管组也可通过第四冷却液环路从电池和环境吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。而在第一制冷剂环路关闭的情况下,第四冷却液环路中的冷却液只经由前端冷却模组进行降温,因此实际上是基于环境温度自然降温电池和电驱器。
第五冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路和第四回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵10、第二水泵12带动运行,从第二水泵12开始并依次经由电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第五端a21、第三水泵10、第四换热管组、暖风芯体、阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一阀体27后回到第二水泵12。第五冷却液环路为电池主动加热环路,高温冷却液流经第一阀体27并进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的加热温度。当需要同时加热电池和乘员舱,则第二风扇可以先使用暖风芯体加热空气再将加热后的空气吹到乘员舱中,如果这个过程中热量没有耗费很多,则剩余热量的冷却液还会经由第三水泵10和第二水泵12流至电池,从而同时升温乘员舱和电池。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第四换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第五冷却液环路中循环流动。
第六冷却液环路,该环路包括第五回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第四水泵13带动运行,从第四水泵13开始依次经由阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵13。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器。如果电驱器的温度过低,则第四水泵13输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过阀体组件的第九端a29直接传输给电驱器,另一部分通过阀体组件的第七端a25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器的降温效果。
第七冷却液环路,该环路包括第一回路和第五回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵11和第四水泵13带动运行,从第四水泵13开始依次经由阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第一端a26、第一换热管组、第一水泵11、冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵13。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液先后经过第一换热管组和前段冷却器降温后流动至电驱器,从而主动冷却电驱器。从另一个角度,第一换热管组也可通过第七冷却液环路从电驱器和环境吸热,实现电驱的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。如果采暖时第七冷却液环路的温度高于环境温度,则第四水泵13输出的冷却液也可以通过阀体组件的第九端a29直接传输给电驱器,避免热量散入外界环境中导致浪费。
第八冷却液环路,该环路包括第四回路和第五回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵10和第四水泵13带动运行,从第三水泵10开始并依次经由第四换热管组、暖风芯体、阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵13、阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第五端a21、后回到第三水泵10。该冷却液回路为电驱器主动加热回路。从另一个角度,第二换热管组也可通过第八冷却液环路从电驱器和环境放热,满足夏季制冷需求。
第九冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第二水泵12带动运行,从第二水泵12开始并依次经由电池、第二单向阀7(第二阀体)后回到第二水泵12。该冷却液回路为电池均温回路。单独的均温冷却液环路在实现电池均温功能的同时,不影响其他模式的切换工作。
第十冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路和第五回路,且环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第二水泵12和第四水泵13带动运行,从第四水泵13开始依次经由阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第四端a22、第十二三通阀27、第二水泵12、电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵13。该环路为电驱电池冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器和电池。如果电驱器或电池的温度过低,则第四水泵13输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过阀体组件的第九端a29直接流通至给电驱器,另一部分通过阀体组件的第七端 a25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样,两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器和电池的降温效果。
应理解,上述只是示例性介绍几种可能的环路,热管理系统还可以形成更多环路,此处不再一一介绍。
下面基于上述几种环路,示例性介绍本申请实施例一中的热管理系统所能实现的一些模式。本申请实施例中,电动汽车中还可以设置控制器,热管理系统中的各个阀件的控制端、各个水泵的控制端以及各个温压传感器的输出端还可以连接控制器。控制器不仅可以通过控制各个阀件和各个水泵来实现不同的温度模式,还可以在控制的过程中从各个温压传感器的输出端获取各关键位置处的温度和压力,根据各关键位置处的温度和压力判断当前的温度和压力是否满足当前温度模式的需求,如果不满足,则可以进行实时调节,以尽量将温度和压力调节至当前温度模式上。
M10,乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式。
图5A为本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统中乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式的结构示意图,如图5A所示,在M10模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11和第二水泵12。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组换热并通过第一节流阀14节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第二换热管组蒸发吸热,第二换热管组与第一换热管组热交换,使第一换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀(第一阀体)27、第二水泵12、电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第一换热管组,先后为乘员舱和电池降温。空调箱组件3可以将与冷风芯体对应的开口开启,以使乘员舱空调设置为全冷模式,加热器未启动,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱组件,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选的实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱组件出风口的温度和温压传感器P12采集到的电池进水口的数据,以确定出乘员舱温度和电池温度。当乘员舱温度或电池温度中存在一项不满足M10模式的需求时,控制器可以调节第一节流阀14的开度来改变制冷剂环路上的制冷剂量,以调节乘员舱温度和电池温度。例如,假设M10模式下规定乘员舱温度不超过为28度、电池温度不超过30度,则当检测到的乘员舱温度超过28度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀14的开度,以使更多的制冷剂液体流过冷风芯体(通过储液罐或气液分离装置自动改变所储存的制冷剂液体的量来实现),提高冷风芯体的降温效果,加大对乘员舱的降温效果。同时为了避免较冷的冷却液直接冲击电池,通过第一三通阀27分流一部分冷却液和电池回路混流,满足对电池的降温要求。
本申请实施例中,M10模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天驾驶电动车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池的温度可能都很高。电池过热可能会引发电池爆炸等事故,影响用户的身心安全。而乘员舱过热则会降低用户的体验,例如:如果用户长时间处于过热的环境则可能会中暑。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M10模式所满足的连通关系,能够同时制冷乘员舱和电池,以在保证安全的情况下尽量提高用户的体验。
M11,乘员舱单独制冷的模式。
图5B示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5B所示,在M11模式下,阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22连通,阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26连通,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11。当第一三通阀27仅使阀体组件的第三端a23和第四端a22的端口导通时,没有低温冷却液流经电池,所以电池并没有得到冷却。这种情况下,制冷剂环路导通,第二冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组换热并由第一节流阀14节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第二换热管组蒸发吸热,第二换热管组与第一换热管组热交换,以使第一换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀27、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第一换热管组,为乘员舱降温。乘员舱空调可以设置为全冷模式,加热器未启动,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱组件,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选的实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度高于M11模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀的开度并调大压缩机的转速,如此,压缩机会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,该制冷剂气体经过水冷冷凝器会得 到更多的制冷剂液体,进而经过开度变大的第一节流阀后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入第二换热管组,从而有助于进一步降低第一换热管组的冷却液温度,提高对乘员舱的制冷效果。当乘员舱温度低于M11模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第一节流阀14的开度并调小压缩机的转速,以降低对乘员舱的制冷效果,避免对用户造成不适。
本申请实施例中,M11模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天进入乘员舱驾驶电动车之前,常常需要先将乘员舱的温度降下来。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度很高,但电池由于一直没有启动所以温度不高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M11模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷乘员舱,这种方式在满足用户需求的情况下,还有助于节省电量,提高电动汽车的续航能力。
M12,电池单独制冷的模式。
图5C还可以是示例性示出一种在电池单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5C所示,在M12模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11和第二水泵12。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并由第一节流阀节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第二换热管组蒸发吸热,第二换热管组与第一换热管组换热,以使第一换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀27、第二水泵12、电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第一换热管组,为电池降温。空调箱组件3可以将与冷风芯体以及冷风芯体对应的开口关闭,乘员舱空调可以设置为关闭模式,冷风芯体上流过的冷却液流经空调箱,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取电池进水口的温度,以确定出电池温度。当电池温度高于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀的开度并调大压缩机的转速,如此,压缩机会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,该制冷剂气体经过水冷冷凝器会得到更多的制冷剂液体,进而经过开度变大的第一节流阀后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入第二换热管组,从而有助于增大第二换热管组对第一换热管组中冷却水的制冷效果,进而增大对冷却液的降温效果,提高电池的制冷效果。当电池温度低于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第一节流阀的开度并调小压缩机的转速,以降低对电池的制冷效果。
本申请实施例中,M12模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在春秋季节驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度比较适宜,但电池由于一直处于提供电量所以温度可能较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M12模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷电池,有助于避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M13,电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式。
图5D1和图5D2示例性示出一种在电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5D1和图5D2所示,在M13模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第五端a21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10和第二水泵12。也可连通如图5D2的阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、连接阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第六端a21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10、第二水泵12和第四水泵13。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第三冷却液环路导通,或者是制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第八冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组换热并由第一节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时,第一冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此,空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。第三冷却液环路中的低温冷却液经由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀27、第二水泵12、电池、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第四换热管组,为电池降温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度低于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以提高压缩机转速,提高第三换热管组中 的制冷剂温度和压力,以提高第四换热管组中冷却液的加热效果,促使乘员舱升温。当乘员舱温度高于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器控制第一冷却回路切换至第八冷却回路,将高温冷却液通至前端冷却器以带走更多的热量。同时,控制器还可以通过调节第一节流阀14的开度和压缩机的转速来使电池进水温度达到预期,具体调节方式如上述内容,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,M13模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在冬季驾驶电动汽车快速移动,或者驾驶电动汽车上坡。这种场景下,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,但快速移动或上坡又会耗费较多的电量,导致电池温度较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M13模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时制冷电池,这样不仅有助于提高用户的舒适感,还能避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M14,电池自然冷却的模式。
图5E示例性示出一种在电池自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5E所示,在M14模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第四端a22和阀体组件的第八端a24,连通阀体组件的第七端a25和阀体组件的第三端a23,关断第一节流阀,启动水泵第二12和第四水泵13。这种情况下,第十冷却液环路导通。第十冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后,依次流至电驱器和电池以冷却电驱器和电池。
本申请实施例中,M14模式所适用的场景例如为:为电动汽车充电。这种场景下,电池充电虽然会有点发热,但是这种发热是属于出厂设置规定的安全现象。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M14模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电池,而不需要启动压缩机来强力降温电池,从而更为省电。
M15,电机自然冷却的模式。
图5F示例性示出一种在电机自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5F所示,在M15模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第七端a25,关断第一节流阀,启动第四水泵13。这种情况下,第六冷却液环路导通,第六冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后,流至电驱器以冷却电驱器。
本申请实施例中,M15模式所适用的场景例如为:驾驶电动汽车的过程中刹车。这种场景下,刹车可能会使电驱器制动产热,且这种发热短时间内就结束了,不需要强力降温。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M15模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电驱器,而不需要启动压缩机来强力降温电驱器,从而更为省电。
M16,乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式。
图5G示例性示出一种在乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5G所示,在M16模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第四端a22和阀体组件的第六端a28、连通阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第一五端a21,第一三通阀27指向电池,即第一三通阀27与第二水泵12以及阀体组件的第三端a23连接的两个端口导通,打开第一节流阀14,启动第三水泵10和第二水泵12。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第五冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并由第一节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组,分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时,第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第四端a22,第一三通阀27、第二水泵12后流向电池,经过阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第五端a21、后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量。若加热效果太过,则控制器还可以同时控制第一三通阀27指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。第七冷却液环路的低温冷却液从第四换热管组流动经过冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器、阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第一换热管组。系统所需的冷量则通过第七冷却液回路从环境和电驱中回收热量。
此种模式中,制冷剂回路中的制冷剂的能量可以对空调箱组件中的空气加热,使乘员舱制热,该能量还可以对电池进行加热,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
本申请实施例中,M16模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,这种低温不仅使用户体验不好,还可能由于电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M16模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时加热电池,有利于保护电池电量,同时提高用户的使用体验。
M17,电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式。
图5H示例性示出一种在电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5H所示,在M17模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第四端a22,连通阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第五端a21。打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10、第四水泵13和第二水泵12。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第五冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并通过第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组,分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时,第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第四端a22,第一三通阀27、第二水泵12、流向电池、经过阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第五端a21后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。第七冷却液环路中的低温冷却液从第一换热管组的出口进入冷风芯体,乘员舱空调开启除湿模式,乘员舱进风先经过冷风芯体的降温除湿过程再通过暖风芯体进行升温过程,之后冷却液通过阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第七端a25、进入冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵13、阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第一换热管组。此时电池电驱均有加热需求,冷量过剩,因此通过冷却器向外界输出一定的冷量。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量,则控制器还可以同时控制第一三通阀27指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M17模式所适用的场景例如为:用户潮湿的冬季坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致湿度较大。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M17模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热电池的同时除湿乘员舱,不仅有助于保护电池电量,同时还能提高用户的使用体验。
M18,乘员舱单独制热的模式。
图5I示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5I所示,在M18模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第五端a21和阀体组件的第六端a28,连通阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第一端a26,打开第一节流阀14,并启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10和第四水泵13。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并通过第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组,分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。随后第一冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第五端a21后回到第四换热管组。第七冷却液环路的低温冷却液从第一换热管组流动经过冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第七端a25、冷却器、电驱器、阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第一端a26后回到第四换热管组。系统所需的冷量则通过第七冷却液环路从环境和电驱中回收热量。
本申请实施例中,可以理解为阀体组件处于第一工况,M18模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但外界环境温度还在电池可承受的范围内。通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M18模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制热乘员舱。
M19,电池单独制热的模式。
图5J示例性示出一种在电池单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5J所示,在M19模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端 a24和阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第四端a22,连通阀体组件的第三端a23和阀体组件的第五端a21。打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第二水泵12、第三水泵10和第四水泵13。这种情况下,制冷剂环路,第五冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并通过第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组,分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调关闭,乘员舱进风经过暖风芯体不参与换热,随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀27、第二水泵12、流向电池、经过阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件的第五端a21后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。第七冷却液环路中的低温冷却液从第一换热管组输出进入冷风芯体,乘员舱空调关闭,乘员舱进风经过冷风芯体不参与换热,之后冷却液通过阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第七端a25进入冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵13、阀体组件的第八端a24、阀体组件的第一端a26回到第一换热管组,完成从电驱器和外界环境吸热的过程。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机1转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量,则控制器还可以同时控制第一三通阀27指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M19模式所适用的场景例如为:冬天由于外界环境影响导致电池温度较低,但用户自己并不冷或者用户并没有在车里。为了避免电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力,可以按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M19模式所满足的连通关系,实现只加热电池的功能。
M20,整车除湿的模式。
图5K1示例性示出一种在整车除湿的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图5K1所示,在M20模式下,控制器可以连通阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、连通阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第五端a21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11和第三水泵10;也可如图5K2所示连通阀体组件的第二端a27与阀体组件的第四端a22、连通阀体组件的第三端a23与阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第五端a21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10和第四水泵13;也可如图5K3连通阀体组件的第二端a27和阀体组件的第七端a25,连通阀体组件的第八端a24和阀体组件的第一端a26,连通阀体组件的第六端a28和阀体组件的第五端a21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵11、第三水泵10和第四水泵13。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第二冷却液环路导通,或者是制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第八冷却液环路导通,或者是制冷剂环路、第二冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组与第四换热管组换热,并通过第一节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第二换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组和第二换热管组,分别为第四换热管组和第一换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第一冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过暖风芯体,后通过阀体组件的第六端a28、阀体组件的第五端a21、第三水泵10回到第二换热管组。第二冷却液环路中的低温冷却液经由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端a27、阀体组件的第四端a22、第一三通阀27、阀体组件的第三端a23、阀体组件第一端a26后回到第一换热管组,乘员舱空调箱开启采暖除湿模式,因此空调先经由冷风芯体降温除湿,再经过暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。当系统冷量或者热量过剩时,也可通过第七冷却液回路、第八冷却液回路分别将热量传递至环境中。示例性地,M20模式可以按照预先设定的周期定期执行,以维持整个电动汽车中的干燥环境,提高用户的使用体验。
应理解,上述只是示例性介绍热管理系统所能实现的几种模式。本申请实施例中,热管理系统还可以实现除上述几种模式以外的其它模式,同一种模式实际上还可以通过各种不同的环路来实现,而并不限定只有上述介绍出的那一种,本申请对此不再一一介绍。
然而,实施例一中的热管理系统能够实现各种制冷模式与各种制热模式的自由切换,这些模式包括但不限于上述M10至M20,这种方式通过较少的部件能够实现多种不同的模式,不仅能够满足用户的不同需求,还能提高模式切换的灵活性,拓展热管理系统的适用范围。
需要说明的是,在上述的实施例中,控制阀体组件的不同的端口之间进行连通,可以使阀体组件处 于不同种的工况中,也可以使热管理系统处于不用的工作模式,其中,当阀体组件的第一端与阀体组件的第三端连通,阀体组件的第二端和阀体组件的第四端连通,使第一回路内的冷却液可以循环流动,以持续的为冷风芯体提供冷量,使乘员舱处于制冷状态。具体而言,冷却液在第一水泵的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一阀体直接流回阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端和阀体组件的第一端回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,此过程中,电池中的冷却液可以在第二阀体以及第二水泵的带动下进行内循环,以实现电池的均温,且不影响乘员舱制冷。另外,冷却液在第一水泵的带动下,冷却液可以由冷风芯体、阀体组件的第二端、阀体组件的第四端、经第一阀体时,冷却液也可以再经第一阀体后,进入到电池回流阀体组件的第三端,并经过阀体组件的第三端回流至第一换热管组,通过第一换热管组与外部进行换热后,再经过第一水泵的带动为冷风芯体提供冷量,其中,在给乘员舱制冷的能量还可以对电池进行加热,或乘员舱制冷时,第二回路内的电池还能进行均温,或第二回路内的电池内的冷却液不流动,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
在上述的实施例中,阀体组件可以为九通阀,在第一回路上,九通阀的第一端a26与第一换热管组的进口a33连通,第一换热管组的出口a34与第一水泵11的入口连通,第一水泵11的出口与冷风芯体连通,冷风芯体的出口与九通阀的第二端a27连通;在第二回路上,九通阀的第四端a22用于与电池的第二端连通,电池的第一端用于与九通阀的第三端a23连通;在第四回路上,九通阀的第五端a21与第三水泵10的进口连通,第三水泵10的出口与第四换热管组的进口a14连通,第四换热换管组的出口a13与暖风芯体的入口连通,暖风芯体的出口与九通阀的第六端a28连通;在第五回路上九通阀的第七端a25与冷却器的进口连通,冷却器的出口与电驱器的进口连通,电驱器的出口与水壶的进口连通,水壶的出口与第四水泵的进口连通,第四水泵的出口与九通阀的第八端a24连通;其中,九通阀的第九端a29与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。使用九通阀可以简化热管理系统的结构,提高阀体组件控制的便捷性,还能够有助于减小热管理系统所占用的空间。
根据上述内容可知,本申请实施例一尽量将热管理系统中的各个元器件部署在同一区域,这使得各个元器件的安装位置更为紧凑,且九通阀的使用可以使各个元器件之间能具有较短的管路走线,从而不仅有助于减小热管理系统的占用空间,还能在液体沿着管路循环流动时减少液体的压力损耗,提升热管理系统的制冷效率或制热效率。
在上述的实施例中,九通阀具体可以包括一个三通阀、一个四通阀和一个五通阀,具体而言,参照图5L,三通阀的第一端口V1与五通阀的第五端口V5连通,三通阀的第二端口V2与冷却器的进口连通,即三通阀的第二端口V2相当于九通阀的第七端a25,三通阀的第三端口V3冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通,即三通阀的第三端口相当于九通阀的第九端a29;四通阀的第一端口V1与第四水泵13的出口连通,即四通阀的第一端口相当于九通阀的第八端a24,四通阀的第二端口V2与第一换热管组的进口a33连通,即四通阀的第二端口V2相当于九通阀的第一端a26,四通阀的第三端V3用于为电池提供冷量或热量,即四通阀的第三端V3相当于九通阀的第四端a22,四通阀的第四端V4与五通阀的第一端口V1连通,连通后的四通阀的第四端V4与五通阀的第一端口V1与第三水泵10的进口连通,相当于九通阀的第五端a21,五通阀的第二端口V2与冷风芯体的出口连通,即五通阀的第二端口V2相当于九通阀的第二端a27,五通阀的第三端口V3与电池所在的管路连通,即五通阀的第三端口V3相当于九通阀的第三端a23,五通阀的第四端口V4与暖风芯体的出口连通,即五通阀的第四端口V4相当于九通阀的第六端a28。此种方式中的三通阀、四通阀和五通阀可以实现上述实施例中九通阀的功能。
实施例二
图6A示例性示出本申请实施例一提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图,如图6A所示,该热管理系统中可以包括压缩机1、水冷冷凝器2、水冷蒸发器4、第一水泵20、第二水泵22、第三水泵21、第四水泵23、十一通阀(其中,十一通阀可以为实施例一中的九通阀和第十二三通阀的集成)、电池、冷却器、电驱器。水冷冷凝器2可以包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组,水冷蒸发器4可以包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组,空调箱组件3包括暖风芯体和冷风芯体。其中,第一换热管组的进口b11连接压缩机输出端,第一换热管组的出口b12连接第三换热管组的进口b31,第二换热管组的进口b14连接第一水泵20的出口,第一水泵20的进口连接十一通阀的第一端b21,第二换热管组的出口b13连接暖风 芯体的进口,暖风芯体的出口连接十一通阀的第八端b28,第三换热管组的进口b31连接第一换热管组输出端b12,第三换热管组的出口b32连接压缩机输入端。第四换热管组的进口b33连接十一通阀的第六端b26,第四换热管组的出口b34连接第三水泵21的进口,第三水泵21的出口连接冷风芯体的进口,冷风芯体的出口连接十一通阀的第七端b27。十一通阀的第二端b22连接第二水泵22的进口,第二水泵22的出口连接电池的进口,电池的出口连接十一通阀的第三端b23。十一通阀的第五端b25连接冷却器的进口,冷却器的出口连接电驱器的进口,电驱器的出口与水壶的进口连通,水壶的出口与十一通阀的第四端b24连接,十一通阀的第九端b29与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。
需要说明的是,图6A中各个部件的连接关系只是一种示例性的说明,位于同一个环路上的各个部件的位置也可以进行交换,而并不限定为图6A所示意的连接关系。例如图6A中的第四水泵23也可以设置在水壶和电驱器之间,这种位置交换对于方案的实施来说并没有本质的影响。下面以图6A所示意的热管理系统介绍方案的具体实现过程。
本申请实施例中,冷却器设置在前端冷却模组中,前端冷却模组中还设置有第一风扇,风扇可以基于环境空气实现环境温度与冷却器的换热。因此,冷却器的换热具体可以包括升温或降温,例如:冷却液在冬天时的温度比环境温度要低,因此,前端冷却模组可以基于环境温度升温冷却液,冷却液在夏天时的温度比环境温度要高,因此,前端冷却模组还可以基于环境温度降温冷却液。为了便于理解,下文都以前端冷却模组只进行降温为例进行介绍,须知,这并不是限定前端冷却模组不能进行升温。本申请实施例中,空调箱组件包括冷风芯体和暖风芯体,而空调箱组件一般设置在汽车的乘员舱中,空调箱组件中还可以设置有第二风扇,风扇可以直接将环境空气(既不降温也不升温)吹至乘员舱,也可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由冷风芯体对空气环境进行降温,还可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由暖风芯体对空气进行升温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图6A,热管理系统中还可以包括加热器,加热器的输入端连接第一换热管组的出口b13,加热器的输出端连接暖风芯体的进口。加热器用于对流经加热器的冷却液进行加热。当需要加热乘员舱时,如果暖风芯体吹出至乘员舱的暖风温度没有达到用户设置的温度,则还可以使用加热器对第一换热管组输出的冷却液进行加热,这样,流至暖风芯体的冷却液具有更高温度,从而有助于提高吹出至乘员舱的暖风的温度,提高乘员舱的升温效果。如果暖风芯体吹出至乘员舱的暖风的温度合适,则可以直接关掉加热器。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图6A,热管理系统中还可以包括节流装置,节流装置可以包括第一节流阀,具体的,第一节流阀的进口连接第一换热管组的出口b12,第一节流阀的出口连接第三换热管组的进口b31。第一节流阀14用于在蒸发吸热前对气体实现降压膨胀并控制流通制冷剂的流量,当第一节流阀14被完全关闭时,第一节流阀14不流通制冷剂。这种情况下,制冷剂回路被切断,第一回路无法通过蒸汽压缩循环进行制热或制冷。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图6B所示,热管理系统中还可以包括回热集液器8a。回热集液器8a包括第五换热管组和第六换热管组,第五换热管组的进口b44与第一换热管组的出口b12,第五换热管组的出口b43与第三换热管组的进口b31连通。第六换热管组的进口b42与第三换热管组的出口b32连通,第六换热管组的出口b41连接压缩机输入端。回热集液器8a的设置可以进一步降低冷凝器出口的制冷剂温度,降低节流后的制冷剂干度,提高蒸发器侧的制冷能力。
在一种可选地实施方式中,如图6C所示,热管理系统的制冷剂回路可以包括一个室外换热器。室外换热器的输入端b41连接第一换热管组输出端b12,输出端b42连接第三换热管组输入端b31。室外换热器允许制冷剂直接与外界环境换热,在极端高温和低温条件下可以弥补水侧二次换热效率不足的问题,提高系统能力。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图6A所示,为了获知热管理系统中各关键位置处的实际温压情况,以确定下一步是否需要调节温控效果,热管理系统中还可以在各关键位置处设置温压感应器,例如温压传感器P20、温压传感器P21、温压传感器P22和温压传感器P23。其中,温压传感器P20设置在压缩机的出气口,用于检测压缩机输出的制冷剂的温度和压力。温压传感器P21设置在第三换热管组的出气口,用于检测电池冷却器的温度和压力。温压传感器P22设置在电驱器的入水口,用于检测电驱器的温度和压力。温压传感器P23设置在电池的入水口,用于检测电池的温度和压力。应理解,上述示意出的关键位置只是示例性地说明,本申请并不限定只有这些关键位置。
根据上述内容可知,本申请实施例一尽量将热管理系统中的各个元器件部署在同一区域,这使得各 个元器件的安装位置更为紧凑,各个元器件之间能具有较短的管路走线,从而不仅有助于减小热管理系统的占用空间,还能在液体沿着管路循环流动时减少液体的压力损耗,提升热管理系统的制冷效率或制热效率。
本申请实施例中,热管理系统中的各个部件还可以按照集成方式进行模块化设计。模块化设计是指将功能类似或结构类似的部件(也可以为随意选择的部件)集成在一起构成模块,这样不仅有助于减小占用空间,还能够利用模块完成自由组合,提高设计的灵活性。实现模块化设计的方案有多种,集成方式可如实施例一进行。
在上述几种实施方式中,通过对电动汽车前舱中的各个部件(不含前端冷却模组)进行集成,不仅有助于减小热管理系统的结构复杂度,降低占用空间,还能通过这种紧凑的结构安排使各个部件之间的走线变短,从而有助于解决现阶段的电动汽车中热管理系统的元器件安装位置发散和管路过长的问题,当冷却液或制冷剂在这种短的循环链路中循环流动时,冷却液或制冷剂在循环流动过程中的压力损失变小,从而还有助于提升制冷剂回路的效率。此外,这种集成方式可以做成模块化的部件,从而还便于维护和携带。
下面先示例性介绍根据图6A所示意的热管理系统所能形成的几种环路:
制冷剂环路,该环路中预置有制冷剂,例如氟利昂。该环路中的制冷剂气体在压缩机1处被压缩为高温高压的制冷剂气体,然后依次经由第一换热管组和第三换热管组后回到压缩机。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体在第一换热管组中与第二换热管组进行换热处理后得到低温的制冷剂液体(对应的第一换热管组换热后得到高温冷却液),该低温的制冷剂液体进而流入第三换热管组,在第三换热管组中与第四换热管组进行换热处理后得到高温的制冷剂气体(对应的第四换热管组换热后得到低温冷却液)。
第一冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液,例如:水和乙醇的混合液体。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵20带动运行,并依次经由第二换热管组的进口b14,第二换热管组的出口b13、暖风芯体、十一通阀的第八端b28,十一通阀的第一端b21后回到第一水泵20。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第二换热管组能够换热得到高温冷却液,高温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动,从而升温暖风芯体或进入十一通阀升温其他冷却液环路。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第二换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动。
第二冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵21带动运行,并依次经由第四换热管组的出口b34、第三水泵21、冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第六端b26、第四换热管组的进口b33以形成环路。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第四换热管组能够换热得到低温冷却液,低温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动,从而降温冷风芯体或进入十一通阀降温其他冷却液环路。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第四换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动。
第三冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵21、第二水泵22带动运行,从第二水泵22开始并依次经由电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第六端b26、第四换热管组、第三水泵21、冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第二端b22后回到第二水泵22。第三冷却液环路为电池主动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经十一通阀时可进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。从另一个角度来说,第四换热管组也可通过第四冷却液环路从电池中吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第四换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第三冷却液环路中循环流动。
第四冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵21、第二水泵22、第四水泵23带动运行,从第二水泵22开始依次经由电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵23、十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第六端b26、第四换热管组、第三水泵21、冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第二端b22、后回到第二水泵22。第三冷却液环路为电池主动和被动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经十一通阀时进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。第四冷却液环路与第三冷却液环路很相似,只是第二冷却液环路中的冷却液流经十一通阀后直接前往第四换热管组降温,而第三冷却液环路中的冷却液流经十一通阀后还要经过前端冷却模组继续冷却,因此,无论第一制冷剂环路是否导通,第三冷却液环路都能够同时降温电池和电驱器。只是在第一制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第三冷却液环路中的冷却液可经过第四换热管组进行主动换热降温,再经由前端冷却模组进行二次降温,因此降温效果更好。从另一个角度,第四换热管组也可通过第 四冷却液环路从电池和环境吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。而在第一制冷剂环路关闭的情况下,第四冷却液环路中的冷却液只经由前端冷却模组进行降温,因此实际上是基于环境温度自然降温电池和电驱器。
第五冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵20、第二水泵22带动运行,从第二水泵22开始并依次经由电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第一端b28、第一水泵20、第二换热管组、暖风芯体、十一通阀的第八端b28、十一通阀的第二端b22后回到第二水泵22。第三冷却液环路为电池主动加热环路,高温冷却液流十一通阀并进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的加热温度。当需要同时加热电池和乘员舱,则第二风扇可以先使用暖风芯体加热空气再将加热后的空气吹到乘员舱中,如果这个过程中热量没有耗费很多,则剩余热量的冷却液还会经由第一水泵20和第二水泵22流至电池,从而同时升温乘员舱和电池。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第二换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第五冷却液环路中循环流动。
第六冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第四水泵23带动运行,从第四水泵23开始依次经由十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵23。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器。如果电驱器的温度过低,则第四水泵23输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过十一通阀的第九端b29直接传输给电驱器,另一部分通过十一通阀的第五端b25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器的降温效果。
第七冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵21和第四水泵23带动运行,从第四水泵23开始依次经由十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第六端b26、第四换热管组、第三水泵21、冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵23。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液先后经过第四换热管组和前段冷却器降温后流动至电驱,从而主动冷却电驱。从另一个角度,第四换热管组也可通过第七冷却液环路从电驱和环境吸热,实现电驱的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。如果采暖时第七冷却液环路的温度高于环境温度,则第四水泵23输出的冷却液也可以通过十一通阀的第九端b29直接传输给电驱器,避免热量散入外界环境中导致浪费。
第八冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵20、第四水泵23带动运行,从第一水泵20开始并依次经由第二换热管组、暖风芯体、十一通阀的第八端b28、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵23、十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第一端b21后回到第一水泵20。该冷却液回路为电驱主动加热回路。从另一个角度,第四换热管组也可通过第八冷却液环路从、电驱和环境放热,满足夏季制冷需求。
第九冷却液环路,该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第二水泵22和第四水泵23带动运行,从第四水泵23开始依次经由十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵23。该环路为电驱和电池冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器和电池。如果电驱器或电池的温度过低,第四水泵23输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过十一通阀的第九端b29直接流通至给电驱器,另一部分通过十一通阀的第五端b25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器和电池的降温效果。
应理解,上述只是示例性介绍几种可能的环路,热管理系统还可以形成更多环路,此处不再一一介绍。
下面基于上述几种环路,示例性介绍本申请实施例二中的热管理系统所能实现的一些模式。本申请实施例中,电动汽车中还可以设置控制器,热管理系统中的各个阀件的控制端、各个水泵的控制端以及各个温压传感器的输出端还可以连接控制器。控制器不仅可以通过控制各个阀件和各个水泵来实现不同的温度模式,还可以在控制的过程中从各个温压传感器的输出端获取各关键位置处的温度和压力,根据各关键位置处的温度和压力判断当前的温度和压力是否满足当前温度模式的需求,如果不满足,则可以进行实时调节,以尽量将温度和压力调节至当前温度模式上。
M10,乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式。
图7A示例性示出一种在乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7A所示,在M10模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第七端b27与十一通阀的第二端b22、连通十一通阀的第三端b23与十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第五端b25,连通 十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第一端b21,打开第一节流阀,启动第三水泵21和第二水泵22。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路、第八冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第二换热管组换热并经过第一节流阀14节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第三换热管组蒸发吸热,第三换热管组与第四换热管组热交换,以使第四换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第六端b26后回到第四换热管组,先后为乘员舱和电池降温。系统中的热量则通过第八冷却液环路带到环境中。乘员舱空调可以设置为全冷模式,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱出风口的温度和温压传感器P22采集到的电池进水口的数据,以确定出乘员舱温度和电池温度。当乘员舱温度或电池温度中存在一项不满足M10模式的需求时,控制器可以调节第一节流阀14的开度来改变制冷剂环路上的制冷剂量,以调节乘员舱温度和电池温度。例如,假设M10模式下规定乘员舱温度不超过为28度、电池温度不超过30度,则当检测到的乘员舱温度超过28度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀14的开度,以使更多的制冷剂液体流过蒸发器,提高蒸发器的降温效果,加大对乘员舱的降温效果。同时为了避免较冷的冷却液直接冲击电池,通过十一通阀分流一部分冷却液和电池回路混流,满足对电池的降温要求。
本申请实施例中,M10模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天驾驶电动车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池的温度可能都很高。电池过热可能会引发电池爆炸等事故,影响用户的身心安全。而乘员舱过热则会降低用户的体验,例如:如果用户长时间处于过热的环境则可能会中暑。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M10模式所满足的连通关系,能够同时制冷乘员舱和电池,以在保证安全的情况下尽量提高用户的体验。
M11,乘员舱单独制冷的模式。
图7B示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7B所示,在M11模式下,连接十一通阀的第七端b27与十一通阀的第六端b26、连接十一通阀的第八端b28与十一通阀的第五端b25,连接十一通阀的第四端b24与十一通阀的第一端b21、打开第一节流阀14,启动第三水泵21和第四水泵23。这种情况下,制冷剂环路导通,第二冷却液环路和第八冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组换热并由第一节流阀14节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第三换热管组蒸发吸热,第三换热管组与第四换热管组热交换,以使第四换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第六端b26后回到第四换热管组,为乘员舱降温。系统中的热量则通过第八冷却液环路带到环境中。乘员舱空调可以设置为全冷模式,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度高于M11模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀14的开度并调大压缩机的转速,如此,压缩机会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,该制冷剂气体经过水冷冷凝器会得到更多的制冷剂液体,进而经过开度变大的第一节流阀14后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入第三换热管组,从而有助于进一步降低第四换热管组的冷却液温度,提高对乘员舱的制冷效果。当乘员舱温度低于M11模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第一节流阀14的开度并调小压缩机的转速,以降低对乘员舱的制冷效果,避免对用户造成不适。
本申请实施例中,M11模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天进入乘员舱驾驶电动车之前,常常需要先将乘员舱的温度降下来。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度很高,但电池由于一直没有启动所以温度不高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M11模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷乘员舱,这种方式在满足用户需求的情况下,还有助于节省电量,提高电动汽车的续航能力。
M12,电池单独制冷的模式。
图7C示例性示出一种在电池单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7C所示,在M12模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第七端b27与十一通阀的第二端b22、连通十一通阀的第三端b23与十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28与十一通阀的第五端b25,连通十一通阀的第四端b24与十一通阀的第一端b21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第二水泵22、第三水泵21和第四水泵23。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制 冷剂气体经过第一换热管组换热并由第一节流阀14节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第三换热管组蒸发吸热,第三换热管组与第四换热管组热交换,以使第四换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第六端b26后回到第四换热管组,为电池降温。系统中的热量则通过第七冷却液环路带到环境中。乘员舱空调可以设置为关闭模式,冷风芯体和暖风芯体上流过的冷却液流经空调箱组件3,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取电池进水口的温度,以确定出电池温度。当电池温度高于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀14的开度并调大压缩机1的转速,如此,压缩机1会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,该制冷剂气体经过水冷冷凝器会得到更多的制冷剂液体,进而经过开度变大的第一节流阀14后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入第三换热管组,从而有助于增大第三换热管组对第四换热管组中冷却水的制冷效果,进而增大对冷却液的降温效果,提高电池的制冷效果。当电池温度低于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第一节流阀14的开度并调小压缩机1的转速,以降低对电池的制冷效果。
本申请实施例中,M12模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在春秋季节驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度比较适宜,但电池由于一直处于提供电量所以温度可能较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M12模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷电池,有助于避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M13,电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式。
图7D1示例性示出一种在电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7D1所示,在M13模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第七端b27与十一通阀第二端b22、连通十一通阀的第三端b23与十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第一端b21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵20、第二水泵22和第三水泵21。也可如图7D2所示,连通十一通阀的第七端b27与十一通阀的第二端b22、连通十一通阀的第三端b23与十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第五端b25,十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第一端b21,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵20、第二水泵22、第三水泵21。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第三冷却液环路导通,或者是制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第八冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组换热并由第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第三换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第一换热管组和第三换热管组分别为第二换热管组和第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第一冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第二换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。第三冷却液环路中的低温冷却液经由冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、电池、十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第六端b26后回到第四换热管组,为电池降温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度低于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以提高压缩机1转速,提高第一换热管组中的制冷剂温度和压力,以提高第二换热管组中冷却液的加热效果,促使乘员舱升温。当乘员舱温度高于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器控制第一冷却回路切换至第八冷却回路,将高温冷却液通至前端冷却器以带走更多的热量。同时,控制器还可以通过调节第一节流阀14的开度和压缩机1的转速来使电池进水温度达到预期,具体调节方式如上述内容,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,M13模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在冬季驾驶电动汽车快速移动,或者驾驶电动汽车上坡。这种场景下,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,但快速移动或上坡又会耗费较多的电量,导致电池温度较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M13模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时制冷电池,这样不仅有助于提高用户的舒适感,还能避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M14,电池自然冷却的模式。
图7E示例性示出一种在电池自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7E所示,在M14模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀第二端b22和十一通阀的第四端b24,连通十一通阀的第五端b25和十一通阀的第三端b23,关断第一节流阀14,启动水泵第二22和第四水泵23。这种情况下,第九冷却液环路导通。第九冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后, 依次流至电驱器和电池以冷却电驱器和电池。
本申请实施例中,M14模式所适用的场景例如为:为电动汽车慢速充电。这种场景下,电池充电虽然会有点发热,但是这种发热是属于出厂设置规定的安全现象。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M14模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电池,而不需要启动压缩机1来强力降温电池,从而更为省电。
M15,电机自然冷却的模式。
图7F示例性示出一种在电驱器自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7F所示,在M15模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀第四端b24和十一通阀第五端b25,关断节第一流阀,启动第四水泵23。这种情况下,第六冷却液环路导通。第六冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后,流至电驱器以冷却电驱器。
本申请实施例中,M15模式所适用的场景例如为:驾驶电动汽车的过程中刹车。这种场景下,刹车可能会使电驱器制动产热,且这种发热短时间内就结束了,不需要强力降温。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M15模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电驱器,而不需要启动压缩机1来强力降温电驱器,从而更为省电。
M16,乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式。
图7G示例性示出一种在乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7G所示,在M16模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀第的三端b23和十一通阀的第一端b21、连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第二端b22,连通十一通阀的第七端b27和十一通阀的第五端b25,连通十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第六端b26,打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵20和第二水泵22。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第五冷却液环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组与第二换热管组换热,并由第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第三换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第一换热管组和第三换热管组,分别为第二换热管组和第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第二换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由十一通阀的第八端b28、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、流向电池、经过十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第一端b21、后回到第一换热管组,为电池加热升温。此时,制冷剂回路中的制冷剂的能量可以对空调箱组件中的空气加热,使乘员舱制热,该能量还可以对电池进行加热,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机1转速,提高冷却液在第二换热管路中的吸热量。若加热效果太过,则控制器还可以同时控制十一通阀的指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。第七冷却液环路的低温冷却液从第四换热管组流动经过冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第五端b25,冷却器、电驱器、十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀第六端b26后回到第四换热管组。系统所需的冷量则通过第七冷却液回路从环境和电驱中回收热量。
本申请实施例中,M16模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,这种低温不仅使用户体验不好,还可能由于电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M16模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时加热电池,有利于保护电池电量,同时提高用户的使用体验。
M17,电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式。
图7H示例性示出一种在电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7H所示,在M17模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第七端b27和十一通阀的第五端b25,连通十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第二端b22,连通十一通阀的第三端b23和十一通阀的第一端b21。打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵、第二水泵、第三水泵和第四水泵。这种情况下,制冷剂环路,第五冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组与第二换热管组换热,并经第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第三换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第一换热管组和第三换热管组,分别为第二换热管组和第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时,第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第二换热管组经过暖风芯体,随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由十一通阀 的第八端b28、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、流向电池、经过十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第一端b21后回到第二换热管组,为电池加热升温。第七冷却液环路中的低温冷却液从第四换热管组的出口入冷风芯体,乘员舱空调开启除湿模式,乘员舱进风先经过冷风芯体的降温除湿过程再通过暖风芯体进行升温过程,之后冷却液通过十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第五端b25、进入冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵23,十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第六端b26回到第四换热管组。此时电池电驱均有加热需求,冷量过剩,因此通过冷却器向外界输出一定的冷量。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机1转速,提高冷却液在第二换热管组中的吸热量,则控制器还可以同时控制十一通阀指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M17模式所适用的场景例如为:用户潮湿的冬季坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致湿度较大。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M17模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热电池的同时除湿乘员舱,不仅有助于保护电池电量,同时还能提高用户的使用体验。
M18,乘员舱单独制热的模式。
图7I示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7I所示,在M18模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第一端b21和十一通阀的第八端b28,连通十一通阀的第七端b27和十一通阀的第五端b25,连通十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第六端b26,打开第一节流阀14,并启动第一水泵20,第三水泵21和第四水泵23。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组与第二换热管组换热,并经第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第三换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第一换热管组和第三换热管组,分别为第二换热管组和第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第二换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。随后第一冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由十一通阀的第八端b28、十一通阀的第一端b21后回到第二换热管组。第七冷却液环路的低温冷却液从第四换热管组流动经过冷风芯体、十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第五端b25、冷却器、电驱器、十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第六端b26后回到第四换热管组。系统所需的冷量则通过第七冷却液环路从环境和电驱中回收热量。
本申请实施例中,M18模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但外界环境温度还在电池可承受的范围内。通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M18模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制热乘员舱。
M19,电池单独制热的模式。
图7J示例性示出一种在电池单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图7J所示,在M19模式下,控制器可以连通十一通阀的第七端b27和十一通阀的第五端b25,连通十一通阀的第四端b24和十一通阀的第六端b26,连通十一通阀的第八端b28和十一通阀的第二端b22,连通十一通阀的第三端b23和十一通阀的第一端b21。打开第一节流阀14,启动第一水泵20、第二水泵22、第三水泵21和第四水泵23。这种情况下,制冷剂环路,第五冷却液环路和第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第一换热管组与第二换热管组换热,并经第一节流阀14节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第三换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第一换热管组和第三换热管组,分别为第二换热管组和第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量和冷量。此时,第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第二换热管组经过暖风芯体,乘员舱空调关闭,乘员舱进风经过暖风芯体不参与换热,随后第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由十一通阀的第八端b28、十一通阀的第二端b22、第二水泵22、流向电池、经过十一通阀的第三端b23、十一通阀的第一端b21后回到第二换热管组,为电池加热升温。第七冷却液环路中的低温冷却液从第四换热管组输出进入冷风芯体,乘员舱空调关闭,乘员舱进风经过冷风芯体不参与换热,之后冷却液通过十一通阀的第七端b27、十一通阀的第五端b25、进入冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵23、十一通阀的第四端b24、十一通阀的第六端b26回到第四换热管组,完成从电驱器和外界环境吸热的过程。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机1转速,提高冷却液在第二换热管组中的吸热量,则控制器还可以同时控制十一通阀指向电池的开度,和电池本身的冷却液混水加热,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M19模式所适用的场景例如为:冬天由于外界环境影响导致电池温度较低,但 用户自己并不冷或者用户并没有在车里。为了避免电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力,可以按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M19模式所满足的连通关系,实现只加热电池的功能。
上述只是示例性介绍本申请实施例二中的热管理系统所能实现的几种模式。应理解,本申请实施例二中的热管理系统还可以实现除上述几种模式以外的其它模式,例如:电机单独制冷的模式、电机单独制热的模式、整车除湿的模式等。且,同一种模式实际上还可以通过各种不同的环路来实现,而并不限定只有上述介绍出的那一种,本申请对此不再一一介绍。
实施例三
图8示例性示出本申请实施例三提供的一种热管理系统的结构示意图,如图8所示,该热管理系统中可以包括压缩机1、空调箱组件3、水冷冷凝器2、水冷蒸发器4、电池、阀体组件、冷却器、电驱器、室外换热器、第一水泵30、第二水泵32、第三水泵31、第四水泵33、第一回路、第二回路、第三回路、第四回路和第五回路;水冷冷凝器2可以包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组,水冷蒸发器4可以包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组,空调箱组件3可以包括暖风芯体和冷风芯体;其中,阀体组件包括九通阀;第一回路包括主回路、第一支路和第二支路,压缩机1、暖风芯体和截止阀设置在主回路,压缩机1的出口与暖风芯体的进口连通,暖风芯体的出口与暖风芯体的进口连通,暖风芯体的出口与第三换热管组的进口c11连接,第三换热管组的出口c12连接室外换热器的输入端c61,室外换热器的输出端c62和截止阀38的进口连通,截止阀的出口与压缩机1的进口连通;第一支路上设置有第一节流阀36和水冷蒸发器4的第一换热管组,第一节流阀36的进口与截止阀38与第三换热管组之间的管路连通,第一节流阀36的出口与第一换热管组的进口c31连通,第一换热管组的出口c32与截止阀38的出口与压缩机1的进口之间的管路连通;第二支路上设置第二节流阀35和冷风芯体,第二节流阀35的进口与截止阀38与室外换热器的输出端c62之间的管路连通,第二节流阀35的出口与冷风芯体的进口连通,冷风芯体的出口c52与截止阀38的出口与压缩机1的进口之间的管路连通;第四换热管组的进口c14连接第一水泵30的出口,第一水泵30的进口连接九通阀的第一端c21,第一水泵30的出口与第二换热管组的进口c13连通,第二换热管组的出口c14与九通阀的第二端c28连通。第二换热管组的出口c34连接第三水泵31的进口,第二换热管组的出口c34连接九通阀的第五端c27,第三水泵31的进口连接九通阀的第六端c26。九通阀的第三端c22连接第二水泵32的进口,第二水泵32的出口连接电池的进口,电池的出口连接九通阀的第四端c23。九通阀第七端c25连接冷却器的进口,冷却器的出口连接电驱器的进口,电驱器的出口连接第四水泵33的进口,第四水泵33输入端连接九通阀的第八端c24,九通阀的第九端c29与冷却器和电驱器之间的管路连通。
其中,第一水泵30和第四换热管组以及九通阀的第一端c21和第二端c28同在回路为第二回路,第二水泵32、电池九通阀的第三端连通和九通阀的第四端所在的回路为第三回路,第三水泵31、第二换热管组、九通阀的第五端和九通阀的第六端形成第四回路,冷却器、电驱器、水壶、第四水泵33、九通阀的第七端和九通阀的第八端形成第五回路。室外换热器包括第七换热管道。
节流阀用于在蒸发吸热前对气体实现降压膨胀并控制流通制冷剂的流量,当节流阀被完全关闭时,节流阀不流通制冷剂。这种情况下,制冷剂回路被切断,热管理系统无法通过蒸汽压缩循环进行制热或制冷。
需要说明的是,图8中各个部件的连接关系只是一种示例性的说明,位于同一个环路上的各个部件的位置也可以进行交换,而并不限定为图8所示意的连接关系。例如图8中的第四水泵33也可以设置在冷却器和电驱器第之间,这种位置交换对于方案的实施来说并没有本质的影响。下面以图8所示意的热管理系统介绍方案的具体实现过程。
本申请实施例中,冷却器设置在前端冷却模组中,前端冷却模组中还设置有第一风扇,第一风扇5可以基于环境空气实现环境温度与冷却器的换热。因此,冷却器的换热具体可以包括升温或降温,例如冷却液在冬天时的温度比环境温度要低,因此前端冷却模组可以基于环境温度升温冷却液,冷却液在夏天时的温度比环境温度要高,因此前端冷却模组还可以基于环境温度降温冷却液。为了便于理解,下文都以前端冷却模组只进行降温为例进行介绍,须知,这并不是限定前端冷却模组不能进行升温。本申请实施例中,冷风芯体和暖风芯体设置在乘员舱空调箱中,乘员舱空调箱组件中还可以设置有第二风扇6,第二风扇6可以直接将环境空气(既不降温也不升温)吹至乘员舱,也可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由蒸发器对空气环境进行降温,还可以在吹出环境空气之前先经由暖风芯体对空气进行升温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续如图8所示,热管理系统中还可以包括至少一个水壶,水壶的进口可以连接电驱器的出口,水壶的出口可以连接九通阀的第八端c24。水壶是一种上方开口的容器,水壶的进口位于水壶的上方,水壶的出口则位于水壶的下方,当气液混合物质经由水壶的进口进入水壶时,气液混合物质中的液体会由于重力作用流入至水壶的下端从而在水壶的出口流出,而气液混合物质中的气体则被留在水壶中,因此,壶实际上相当于一个净化液体(使液体里不掺杂气体)的部件。这种情况下,水壶设置在冷却液环路中,因此能够净化冷却液环路中的冷却液液体,当冷却液液体越纯净,则冷却液环路的调温效果也就越好。
在一种可选地实施方式中,热管理系统中还可以包括储液装置,储液装置用于在制冷剂环路上储存液体。其中,储液装置可以为储液罐或气液分离器。当储液装置为储液罐时,储液罐可以设置在第二换热管道的输出端外侧,储液罐的输入端与第二换热管道的输出端连接,储液罐的输出端与高压管的输入端连接。储液罐用于在制冷剂环路中储存部分制冷剂液体。当储液装置为气液分离器时,气液分离器的输入端可以连接低压管的输入端,气液分离器的输出端可以连接压缩机的输入端。
在一种可选地实施方式中,继续参照图8,为了获知热管理系统中各关键位置处的实际温压情况,以确定下一步是否需要调节温控效果,热管理系统中还可以在各关键位置处设置温压感应器,例如:温压传感器P30、温压传感器P31、温压传感器P32和温压传感器P33。其中,温压传感器P30设置在压缩机的出口,用于检测压缩机输出的制冷剂的温度和压力。温压传感器P31设置压缩机的进口,用于检测压缩机输入的制冷剂的温度和压力。温压传感器P32设置在电驱器的进口,用于检测电驱器的温度和压力。温压传感器P33设置在电池的进口,用于检测电池的温度和压力。应理解,上述示意出的关键位置只是示例性地说明,本申请并不限定只有这些关键位置。
根据上述内容可知,本申请实施例一尽量将热管理系统中的各个元器件部署在同一区域,这使得各个元器件的安装位置更为紧凑,各个元器件之间能具有较短的管路走线,从而不仅有助于减小热管理系统的占用空间,还能在液体沿着管路循环流动时减少液体的压力损耗,提升热管理系统的制冷效率或制热效率。
本申请实施例中,热管理系统中的各个部件还可以按照集成方式进行模块化设计。模块化设计是指将功能类似或结构类似的部件(也可以为随意选择的部件)集成在一起构成模块,这样不仅有助于减小占用空间,还能够利用模块完成自由组合,提高设计的灵活性。实现模块化设计的方案有多种,可如实施例一的方式进行,此处不再重复。
下面先示例性介绍根据图8所示意的热管理系统所能形成的几种环路:
制冷剂环路,该环路包括第一回路,且环路中预置有制冷剂,例如:氟利昂。该环路中的制冷剂气体在压缩机1处被压缩为高温高压的制冷剂气体,然后依次经由暖风芯体、第三换热管组、室外换热器后可以分别进入第一换热管组和冷风芯体回到压缩机1。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体首先在暖风芯体和乘员舱内空气进行换热,加热空气后变为中温高压的制冷剂,随后在第三换热管组中与第四换热管组进行换热处理后得到低温的制冷剂液体(对应的第四换热管组换热后得到高温冷却液),该低温的制冷剂液体进而流入室外换热器,根据模式在室外换热器中向外界环境放热或从外界环境吸热,在再进入并联的第三换热管组和冷风芯体。在第一换热管组中与第二换热管组进行换热处理后得到高温的制冷剂气体(对应的第二换热管组换热后得到低温冷却液),在冷风芯体和乘员舱气体换热,冷却乘员舱空气。
第一冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液,例如:水和乙醇的混合液体。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵30带动运行,并依次经由第四换热管组的进口c13、第二换热管组的出口c14、九通阀的第二端c28、九通阀的第一端c21后回到第四换热管组。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第四换热管组能够换热得到高温冷却液,高温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动,从而进入九通阀升温其他冷却液环路。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第二换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第一冷却液环路中循环流动。
第二冷却液环路,该环路包括第四回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵31带动运行,并依次经由第三水泵31、第二换热管组的进口c34、九通阀的第五端c27、九通阀的第六端c26第三水泵31的进口以形成环路。制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第二换热管组能够换热得到低温冷却液,低温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动,从而进入九通阀降温其他冷却液环路。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第二换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第二冷却液环路中循环流动。
第三冷却液环路,该环路包括第三回路和第四回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第二水泵32和第三水泵31带动运行,从第二水泵32开始并依次经由电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第六端c26、第三水泵31、第二换热管组、九通阀的第五端c27、九通阀的第三端c22后回到第二水泵32。第三冷却液环路为电池主动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经九通阀时可进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。从另一个角度,第二换热管组也可通过第四冷却液环路从电池中吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第二换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第三冷却液环路中循环流动。
第四冷却液环路,该环路包括第三回路、第四回路和第五回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵31、第二水泵32和第四水泵33带动运行,从第二水泵32开始依次经由电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第七端c25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵33、九通阀的第八端c24、九通阀的第六端c26、第三水泵31、第二换热管组、九通阀的第五端c27和九通阀的第二端c22后回到水泵32。第三冷却液环路为电池主动和被动冷却环路,低温冷却液流经九通阀时进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的降温温度。第四冷却液环路与第三冷却液环路很相似,只是第二冷却液环路中的冷却液流经九通阀后直接前往第二换热管组降温,而第三冷却液环路中的冷却液流经九通阀后还要经过前端冷却模组继续冷却,因此,无论第一制冷剂环路是否导通,第三冷却液环路都能够同时降温电池和电驱器。只是在第一制冷剂环路导通的情况下,第三冷却液环路中的冷却液可经过第二换热管组进行主动换热降温,再经由前端冷却模组进行二次降温,因此降温效果更好。从另一个角度,第二换热管组也可通过第四冷却液环路从电池和环境吸热,实现电池的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。而在第一制冷剂环路关闭的情况下,第三冷却液环路中的冷却液只经由前端冷却模组进行降温,因此实际上是基于环境温度自然降温电池和电驱器。
第五冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路和第三回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵30和第二水泵32带动运行,从第二水泵32开始并依次经由电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第一端c21、第一水泵30、第四换热管组、九通阀的第二端c28、九通阀的第三端c22后回到第二水泵32。第三冷却液环路为电池主动加热环路,高温冷却液流九通阀并进行一部分流量分配,使得电池模块水路达到期望的加热温度。当需要同时加热电池和乘员舱,则制冷剂可在乘员舱冷凝器的冷风芯体中换热,如果这个过程中热量没有耗费很多,则剩余热量再通过第四换热管组传递至冷却液,冷却液会经由第一水泵30和第二水泵32流至电池,从而同时升温乘员舱和电池。在制冷剂环路关断的情况下,第四换热管组无法进行换热操作,因此常温冷却液在第五冷却液环路中循环流动。
第六冷却液环路,该环路包括第五回路,且该回路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第四水泵33带动运行,从第四水泵33开始依次经由九通阀的第八端c24、九通阀的第七端c25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵33。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器。如果电驱器的温度过低,则第四水泵33输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过九通阀的第九端c29直接传输给电驱器,另一部分通过九通阀的第七端c25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器的降温效果。
第七冷却液环路,该环路包括第四回路和第五回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第三水泵31和第四水泵33带动运行,从第四水泵33开始依次经由九通阀的第八端c24、九通阀的第六端c26、第三水泵31、第二换热管组、九通阀的第七端c25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵33。该环路为电驱冷却环路,冷却液先后经过第二换热管组和前段冷却器降温后流动至电驱,从而主动冷却电驱。从另一个角度,第二换热管组也可通过第七冷却液环路从电驱和环境吸热,实现电驱的余热回收功能,满足冬季采暖需求。如果采暖时第七冷却液环路的温度高于环境温度,则第四水泵33输出的冷却液也可以通过九通阀的第九端c29直接传输给电驱器,避免热量散入外界环境中导致浪费。
第八冷却液环路,该环路包括第二回路和第五回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第一水泵30和第四水泵33带动运行,从第一水泵30开始并依次经由第四换热管组、九通阀第二端c28、九通阀的第七端c25、冷却器、电驱器、第四水泵33、九通阀的第八端c24、九通阀第一端c21后回到第一水泵30。该冷却液回路为电驱主动加热回路。从另一个角度,第二换热管道也可通过第八冷却液环路从、电驱和环境放热,提升系统效能。
第九冷却液环路,该环路包括第三回路和第五回路,且该环路中预置有冷却液。该环路中的冷却液经由第二水泵32和第四水泵33带动运行,从水泵33开始依次经由九通阀的第八端c24、九通阀的第 三端c22、第二水泵32、电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第七端c25、冷却器、电驱器后回到第四水泵33。该环路为电驱和电池冷却环路,冷却液经由前端冷却模组降温后流动至电驱器,从而自然冷却电驱器和电池。如果电驱器或电池的温度过低,第四水泵33输出的冷却液也可以一部分通过九通阀的第九端c29直接流通至给电驱器,另一部分通过九通阀的第七端c25和冷却器传输给电驱器,这样两个分支中的冷却液汇合得到的冷却液温度升高,从而有助于缓和对电驱器和电池的降温效果。
应理解,上述只是示例性介绍几种可能的环路,热管理系统还可以形成更多环路,此处不再一一介绍。
下面基于上述几种环路,示例性介绍本申请实施例一中的热管理系统所能实现的一些模式。本申请实施例中,电动汽车中还可以设置控制器,热管理系统中的各个阀件的控制端、各个水泵的控制端以及各个温压传感器的输出端还可以连接控制器。控制器不仅可以通过控制各个阀件和各个水泵来实现不同的温度模式,还可以在控制的过程中从各个温压传感器的输出端获取各关键位置处的温度和压力,根据各关键位置处的温度和压力判断当前的温度和压力是否满足当前温度模式的需求,如果不满足,则可以进行实时调节,以尽量将温度和压力调节至当前温度模式上。
M10,乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式。
图9A示例性示出一种在乘员舱和电池同时制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9A所示,在M10模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第五端c27与九通阀的第三端c22、连接九通阀的第四端c23与九通阀的第六端c26,打开第一节流阀36、第二节流阀35和第三节流阀37,关闭截止阀38,启动第三水泵31和第二水泵32。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路、第八冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组(水冷冷凝器)和室外换热器换热并节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,得到的低温低压制冷剂通过第一支路和第二支路进入第一换热管组和冷风芯体蒸发吸热。冷风芯体蒸发后冷却乘员舱空气,对乘员舱产生制冷效果。第一换热管组为第二换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经由九通阀的第七端c27、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第六端c26后回到第二换热管组,为电池降温。系统中的热量则可以通过第八冷却液环路带到环境中,也可通过室外换热器内的第七换热管道带到环境中。乘员舱空调可以设置为全冷模式,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱组件3,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生较大影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱出风口的温度和温压传感器P32采集到的电池进水口的数据,以确定出乘员舱温度和电池温度。当乘员舱温度或电池温度中存在一项不满足M10模式的需求时,控制器可以调节第一节流阀36和第二节流阀35的开度来改变制冷剂环路上的制冷剂量,以调节乘员舱温度和电池温度。例如:假设M10模式下规定乘员舱温度不超过为28度、电池温度不超过30度,则当检测到的乘员舱温度超过28度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀35的开度,以使更多的制冷剂液体流过冷风芯体,提高冷风芯体的降温效果,加大对乘员舱的降温效果。同时为了避免较冷的冷却液直接冲击电池,通过控制第二节流阀36的开度控制第二换热管道的冷却液冷却温度,满足对电池的降温要求。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器可以连通九通阀的第五端c27、与九通阀的第三端c22、连通九通阀的第四端c23与九通阀的第六端c26,连接九通阀的第八端c27和九通阀的第五端c25,连接九通阀第四端c24和九通阀第六端c26,启动水泵30、水泵31、水泵32、水泵33,打开第二节流阀35、第一节流阀36和第三节流阀37,关闭截止阀38,让系统中的热量分别通过第二换热管道和第七换热管道换热输送到环境和电驱水回路中,进一步提高高压侧换热能力。
本申请实施例中,M10模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天驾驶电动车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池的温度可能都很高。电池过热可能会引发电池爆炸等事故,影响用户的身心安全。而乘员舱过热则会降低用户的体验,例如如果用户长时间处于过热的环境则可能会中暑。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M10模式所满足的连通关系,能够同时制冷乘员舱和电池,以在保证安全的情况下尽量提高用户的体验。
M11,乘员舱单独制冷的模式。
图9B示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9B所示,在M11模式下,打开第二节流阀35和第三节流阀37,关闭截止阀38和第一节流阀36。这种情况下,制冷剂环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过室外换热器换热并节流得到低温低压的制 冷剂液体,输送到冷风芯体蒸发吸热,为乘员舱降温,随后回到压缩机1输入口。乘员舱空调可以设置为全冷模式,因此暖风芯体上流过的冷却液只是作为旁路流经空调箱,并不会对驾驶室的温度产生影响。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱空调箱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度高于M11模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第二节流阀35的开度并调大压缩机的转速,如此,压缩机会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,该制冷剂气体经过水冷冷凝器会得到更多的制冷剂液体,进而经过开度变大的第二节流阀35后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入冷风芯体,从而有助于进一步降低乘员舱蒸发器温度,提高对乘员舱的制冷效果。当乘员舱温度低于M21模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第二节流阀35的开度并调小压缩机的转速,以降低对乘员舱的制冷效果,避免对用户造成不适。
本申请实施例中,M11模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在夏天进入乘员舱驾驶电动车之前,常常需要先将乘员舱的温度降下来。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度很高,但电池由于一直没有启动所以温度不高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M21模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷乘员舱,这种方式在满足用户需求的情况下,还有助于节省电量,提高电动汽车的续航能力。
M12,电池单独制冷的模式。
图9C示例性示出一种在电池单独制冷的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9C所示,在M12模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第五端c27与九通阀的第三端c22、连接九通阀的第四端c23与九通阀的第六端c26,打开第一节流阀36和第三节流阀37,关闭第二节流阀35和截止阀38,启动第二水泵32和第三水泵31。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第三冷却液环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过室外换热器换热并由第一节流阀36节流得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,传输第一换热管组蒸发吸热,第一换热管组和第二换热管组热交换,以使第二换热管组中的冷却液降温得到低温的冷却液,该低温的冷却液依次经过九通阀的第五端c27、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第六端c26后回到第二换热管组,为电池降温。系统中的热量则通过室外换热器带到环境中。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取电池进水口的温度,以确定出电池温度。当电池温度高于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以增大第一节流阀36的开度并调大压缩机的转速,如此,压缩机会压缩得到更高压更高温的制冷剂气体,换热后进而经过开度变大的第一节流阀36后,会有更多的制冷剂液体进入第一换热管组,从而有助于增大第三换热管组对第四换热管组中冷却水的制冷效果,进而增大对冷却液的降温效果,提高电池的制冷效果。当电池温度低于M12模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以调小第一节流阀36的开度并调小压缩机的转速,以降低对电池的制冷效果。
本申请实施例中,M12模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在春秋季节驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱的温度比较适宜,但电池由于一直处于提供电量所以温度可能较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M12模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制冷电池,有助于避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M13,电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式。
图9D示例性示出一种在电池制冷且乘员舱加热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9D所示,在M13模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第五端c27与九通阀的第三端c22、连接九通阀的第四端c23与九通阀的第六端c26,打开第二节流阀35和第三节流阀37,关闭第一节流阀36和截止阀38,启动第二水泵32和第三水泵31。在这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第一冷却液环路和第三冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过暖风芯体和室外换热器换热后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入第一换热管组中蒸发后回到压缩机。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过暖风芯体为乘员舱提供热量。乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。第三冷却液环路中的低温冷却液经由九通阀的第五端c27、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、电池、九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第六端c26后回到第二换热管组,为电池降温。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器还可以实时或周期获取乘员舱出风口的温度,以确定出乘员舱温度。当乘员舱温度低于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器可以提高压缩机转速,提高暖风芯体中的制冷剂温度和压力,以提高乘员舱冷凝器加热效果,促使乘员舱升温。当乘员舱温度高于M13模式所规定的温度时,控制器控制第三节流阀37开度让室外换热器节流散热,将高温冷却液通至前端冷却器以带走更多的热量。同时,控制器还可以通过调节第一节流阀36的开度和压缩机的转速来使电池进水温 度达到预期,具体调节方式如上述内容,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中,M13模式所适用的场景例如为:用户在冬季驾驶电动汽车快速移动,或者驾驶电动汽车上坡。这种场景下,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,但快速移动或上坡又会耗费较多的电量,导致电池温度较高。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M13模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时制冷电池,这样不仅有助于提高用户的舒适感,还能避免电池过热,保证用户的安全。
M14,电池自然冷却的模式。
图9E示例性示出一种在电池自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9E所示,在M14模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第三端c22和九通阀的第八端c24,连接九通阀的第七端c25和九通阀的第四端c23,关断第三节流阀37、第一节流阀36、第二节流阀35和截止阀38,启动第二水泵32和第四水泵33。这种情况下,第九冷却液环路导通。第九冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后,依次流至电驱器和电池以冷却电驱器和电池。
本申请实施例中,M14模式所适用的场景例如为:为电动汽车慢速充电。这种场景下,电池充电虽然会有点发热,但是这种发热是属于出厂设置规定的安全现象。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M14模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电池,而不需要启动压缩机来强力降温电池,从而更为省电。
M15,电机自然冷却的模式。
图9F示例性示出一种在电机自然冷却的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9F所示,在M15模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第八端c24和九通阀的第七端c25,关断第三节流阀37、第一节流阀36、第二节流阀35和截止阀38,启动第四水泵33。这种情况下,第六冷却液环路导通。第六冷却液环路中的冷却液先流至前端冷却模组由自然环境中的温度进行冷却后,流至电驱器以冷却电驱器。
本申请实施例中,M15模式所适用的场景例如为:驾驶电动汽车的过程中刹车。这种场景下,刹车可能会使电驱器制动产热,且这种发热短时间内就结束了,不需要强力降温。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M15模式所满足的连通关系,能够只使用前端冷却模块自然冷却电驱器,而不需要启动压缩机来强力降温电驱器,从而更为省电。
M16,乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式。
图9G示例性示出一种在乘员舱和电池同时制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9G所示,在M16模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第四端c23和九通阀的第一端c21、连通九通阀的第三端c22和九通阀的第二端c28,打开第三节流阀37,打开截止阀38,关闭第二节流阀35和第一节流阀36,启动第一水泵30和第二水泵32。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第五冷却液环路联通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过暖风芯体、第三换热管组换热并由第三节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入室外换热器蒸发后回到压缩机。乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由九通阀第二端c28、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、流向电池、经过九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第一端c21后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量。若加热效果太过,则控制器还可以控制降低压缩机转速,达到适宜的加热温度。系统所需的冷量则通过制冷剂回路的第七换热管道从环境回收热量。此种模式可以理解为制冷剂回路中的制冷剂的能量可以对空调箱组件中的空气加热,使乘员舱制热,该能量还可以对电池进行加热,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器可以连通九通阀的第四端c23和九通阀的第一端c21、连通九通阀第二端c28和九通阀的第三端c22,连通九通阀的第五端c27和九通阀的第七端c25,连通九通阀的第八端c24和九通阀的第六端c26,打开第三节流阀37,打开截止阀,关闭第二节流阀35和第一节流阀36,启动第一水泵30和第二水泵32,系统所需的冷量则通过制冷剂回路的室外换热器从环境回收热量,同时让第七冷却液环路的低温冷却液从第四换热管道流动经过九通阀的第五端b27、九通阀的第七端b25、冷却器、电驱器、九通阀的第八端b24、九通阀的第六端b26后回到第二换热管组,通过第七冷却液回路从环境和电驱中回收热量。
本申请实施例中,M16模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,乘员舱和电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,这种低温不仅使用户体验 不好,还可能由于电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M16模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热乘员舱的同时加热电池,有利于保护电池电量,同时提高用户的使用体验。
M17,电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式。
图9H示例性示出一种在电池加热且乘员舱除湿的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9H所示,在M17模式下,控制器可以连通九通阀的第二端c28和九通阀的第三端c22,连通九通阀的第四端c23和九通阀第一端c21。打开第一节流阀35和第三节流阀37,关闭截止阀38,启动第一水泵30和第二水泵32。这种情况下,制冷剂环路,第五冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过第三换热管组换热并由第三节流阀和第一节流阀36节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入冷风芯体后回到压缩机1。制冷回路的制冷剂液体经过第三换热管组为第四换热管组中的冷却液提供了热量。同时制冷剂经过暖风芯体和冷风芯体,为乘员舱冷凝器和蒸发器提供了热量和冷量。第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液经由九通阀的第二端c28、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、流向电池、经过九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第一端c21后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。乘员舱进风可以先经过冷风芯体的降温除湿过程,再通过暖风芯体进行升温过程。此时若热量或冷量过剩,因此可通过室外换热器道向外界输出一定的能量。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M17模式所适用的场景例如为:用户潮湿的冬季坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但并未驾驶电动汽车。这种场景下,电池受到外界环境的影响导致温度较低,乘员舱受到外界环境的影响导致湿度较大。因此,通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M17模式所满足的连通关系,能够在加热电池的同时除湿乘员舱,不仅有助于保护电池电量,同时还能提高用户的使用体验。
M18,乘员舱单独制热的模式。
图9I示例性示出一种在乘员舱单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9I所示,在M18模式下,控制器打开第三节流阀37、关闭第一节流阀36和关闭第二节流阀35,打开截止阀38。这种情况下,制冷剂环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经暖风芯体参与换热,为乘员舱冷凝器提供热能,随后通过第三换热管组换热并由第三节流阀37节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,后进入室外换热器蒸发后回到压缩机。乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。系统所需的冷量则通过室外换热器从电驱回路和环境中回收。此时,阀体组件中各个端口可以均不相互连通,而制冷剂回路中的制冷剂的能量可以对空调箱组件中的空气加热,使乘员舱制热,该能量还可以对电池进行加热,进而提高热管理系统中各个回路的协同效率。
在一种可选地实施方式中,控制器连通九通阀的第五端c27和九通阀的第七端c25,连通九通阀的第八端c24和九通阀的第六端c26,打开第三节流阀37和第一节流阀36,关闭第二节流阀35和截止阀,并启动第三水泵31和第四水泵33。这种情况下,制冷剂环路、第七冷却液环路导通。压缩机输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过暖风芯体参与换热,为乘员舱冷凝器提供热能,随后通过第三换热管组换热并由第三节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,先后进入室外换热器和第四换热管组蒸发后回到压缩机。乘员舱空调箱开启全热模式,因此空调先经由暖风芯体加热空气再吹出暖风。系统所需的冷量则通过第七冷却液环路和室外换热器从电驱回路和环境中回收。
本申请实施例中,M18模式所适用的场景例如为:用户冬天坐在电动汽车的乘员舱内,但外界环境温度还在电池可承受的范围内。通过按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M18模式所满足的连通关系,能够单独制热乘员舱。
M19,电池单独制热的模式。
图9J示例性示出一种在电池单独制热的模式下热管理系统的连通关系示意图,如图9J所示,在M19模式下,控制器可以联通九通阀的第二端c28和九通阀的第三端c22,连通九通阀的第四端c23和九通阀的第一端c21。打第三节流阀37和截止阀38,关闭第一节流阀36和第二节流阀35,启动第一水泵30和第二水泵32。这种情况下,制冷剂环路,第五冷却液环路导通。压缩机1输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体经过暖风芯体不参与换热,随后经过第三换热管组换热并由第三节流阀节流后得到低温低压的制冷剂液体,进入室外换热器蒸发后回到压缩机1。此时第五冷却液环路中的高温冷却液从第四换热管组经过九通阀的第二端c28、九通阀的第三端c22、第二水泵32、流向电池、经过九通阀的第四端c23、九通阀的第一端c21后回到第四换热管组,为电池加热升温。所需的热量通过室外换热器完成从外界环 境吸热的需求。如果冷却液加热能力无法满足电池的加热要求,则通过控制器加大压缩机转速,提高冷却液在第四换热管组中的吸热量,达到适宜的加热温度。
本申请实施例中,M19模式所适用的场景例如为:冬天由于外界环境影响导致电池温度较低,但用户自己并不冷或者用户并没有在车里。为了避免电池长期处于低温状态而损耗较多电能,降低电动汽车的续航能力,可以按照上述方式将热管理系统调节到M19模式所满足的连通关系,实现只加热电池的功能。
上述只是示例性介绍本申请实施例三中的热管理系统所能实现的几种模式。应理解,本申请实施例三中的热管理系统还可以实现除上述几种模式以外的其它模式,例如电机单独制冷的模式、电机单独制热的模式、整车除湿的模式等。且,同一种模式实际上还可以通过各种不同的环路来实现,而并不限定只有上述介绍出的那一种,本申请对此不再一一介绍。
在一种可选地实施方式中,针对于上述任一实施例,还可以将各冷却液的流动管道设置在一个冷却液基板中,将各制冷剂的流动管道设置在一个制冷剂基板中。通过将管道封装在基板中,能使各个部件直接在基板上引水或进口,而不用再穿插走线,从而有助于进一步简化各种管道走线,避免产生走线干扰。
在一种可选地实施方式中,针对于上述任一实施例,还可以将各冷却液的流动管道设置在一个冷却液基板中,将各制冷剂的流动管道设置在一个制冷剂基板中。通过将管道封装在基板中,能使各个部件直接在基板上引水或进口,而不用再穿插走线,从而有助于进一步简化各种管道走线,避免产生走线干扰。
本发明实施例提供的一种热管理系统在外观上呈现一个模块化的结构,具有整体结构较为紧凑、管路连接简洁和外观整齐等优点。
应理解,本申请中的热管理系统还可以适用于其它任意通过电驱器驱动运行的车辆,而不只限于电动汽车,本申请对此不作具体限定。
以上,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种热管理系统,其特征在于,包括:
    第一回路,所述第一回路上串接有第一换热管组和空调箱组件中的冷风芯体,所述第一回路上还设置有第一水泵,所述冷风芯体用于接入所述第一换热管组输出的冷却液,所述第一回路的第一端口与阀体组件的第一端连通,所述第一回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第二端连通;
    第二回路,所述第二回路上设置有电池、第二水泵、第一阀体和第二阀体,所述第二回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第三端连通,所述第二回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第四端连通,所述第一阀体用于使经所述阀体组件的第三端或所述第四端的冷却液经所述第二水泵流入所述电池,并回流至所述阀体组件的第四端或第三端,或,所述第一阀体用于使冷却液由所述阀体组件第三端或所述第四端经所述第一阀体回流至所述阀体组件的第四端或第三端,所述第二阀体用于使所述电池内的冷却液由所述电池的第二端流经所述第二阀体回流至所述电池的第一端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述第一阀体为第一三通阀,所述第二阀体为第一单向阀;
    所述第一三通阀的第一端与所述阀体组件的第四端连通,所述第一三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第一端连通,所述第二水泵设置于所述第一三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第一端之间的管路上,所述第一三通阀的第三端与所述电池的第二端和所述阀体组件的第三端之间的管路连通,所述第一单向阀的进口与所述第一三通阀的第三端与所述电池的第二端之间的管路连通,所述第一单向阀的出口与所述第一三通阀的第二端和所述电池的第一端之间的管路连通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述第一阀体为第一三通阀,所述第二阀体为第二三通阀;
    所述第一三通阀的第一端与所述阀体组件的第四端和电池之间的管路连通,所述第一三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第二端连通,所述第一三通阀的第三端与所述阀体组件的第三端连通,所述第二三通阀的第一端与所述阀体组件的第四端连通,所述第二三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第一端连通,所述第二水泵设置于所述第二三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第一端之间的管路上,所述第二三通阀的第三端与所述电池的第二端与所述第一三通阀的第二端与所述电池的第二端之间的管路连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第三回路、第四回路、压缩机、水冷冷凝器和水冷蒸发器,所述水冷蒸发器包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组,所述水冷冷凝器包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组;
    所述第三回路中串接有压缩机、第三换热管组和第二换热管组,所述第二换热管组用于与所述第一换热管组热交换;
    所述第四回路中串接有所述第四换热管组和所述空调箱组件中暖风芯体,所述第四回路中还设置有第三水泵,所述第四回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第五端连通,所述第四回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第六端连通;其中,所述第四换热管用于与第三换热管组热交换,所述第四换热管组用于将与所述第三换热管组热交换后的冷却液传输给所述暖风芯体,所述第三水泵用于将经过所述阀体组件的第五端冷却液回流至所述第四换热管组。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述第三回路中还设置有节流装置,所述节流装置用于对所述第三换热管组输出的冷却液进行降温降压,所述第一换热管组的入口用于接入所述节流装置输出的低温低压冷却液。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括冷却器、电驱器、水壶和第四水泵;
    所述冷却器、所述电驱器、所述水壶以及所述第四水泵依次设置于第五回路,所述第五回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第七端连通,所述第五回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第八端连通,所述阀体 组件的第九端与所述冷却器和所述电驱器之间的管路连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述阀体组件为九通阀;
    在所述第一回路上,所述九通阀的第一端与所述第一换热管组的进口连通,所述第一换热管组的出口与所述第一水泵的入口连通,所述第一水泵的出口与所述冷风芯体连通,所述冷风芯体的出口与所述九通阀的第二端连通;
    在所述第二回路上,所述九通阀的第四端用于与所述电池的第二端连通,所述电池的第一端用于与所述九通阀的第三端连通;
    在所述第四回路上,所述九通阀的第五端与所述第三水泵的进口连通,所述第三水泵的出口与所述第四换热管组的进口连通,所述第四换热换管组的出口与所述暖风芯体的入口连通,所述暖风芯体的出口与所述九通阀的第六端连通;
    在所述第五回路上,所述九通阀的第七端与所述冷却器的进口连通,所述冷却器的出口与所述电驱器的进口连通,所述电驱器的出口与所述水壶的进口连通,所述水壶的出口与所述第四水泵的进口连通,所述第四水泵的出口与所述九通阀的第八端连通;
    其中,所述九通阀的第九端与所述冷却器和所述电驱器之间的管路连通。
  8. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括加热器,所述加热器设置于所述第四回路上,且所述加热器的进口与所述第四换热管组的出口连通,所述加热器的出口与所述暖风芯体的进口连通。
  9. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第三阀体、第四阀体和第五阀体,所述第三阀体的第一端与所述第一换热管组的出口连通,所述第三阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述第三阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第二端连通;
    所述第四阀体的第一端与所述暖风芯体的出口连通,所述第四阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述第四阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通;
    所述第五阀体的第一端与所述冷风芯体的出口连通,所述第五阀体的第二端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通,所述第五阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通;
    当所述暖风芯体接入所述第四换热管组输出的高温冷却液时,所述暖风芯体输出的冷却液经所述第四阀体的第一端和第二端被所述冷风芯体接入,所述冷风芯体输出的冷却液经所述第五阀体的第一端以及所述第五阀体的第三端被所述阀体组件的第六端接入。
  10. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第六阀体、第七阀体和第八阀体,所述第六阀体的第一端与所述第一换热管组的出口连通,所述第六阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述第六阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第二端连通;
    所述第七阀体的第一端与所述第四换热管组的出口连通,所述第七阀体的第二端与所述暖风芯体进口连通,所述第七阀体的第三端与所述冷风芯体的进口与所述第六阀体的第二端之间的管路连通;
    所述第八阀体的第一端与所述冷风芯体的出口连通,所述第八阀体的第二端与所述阀体组件的第二端连通,所述第八阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通;
    当所述冷风芯体以及所述暖风芯体均用于接入所述第四换热管组输出的高温冷却液时,所述冷风芯体输出的冷却液经所述第八阀体的第一端、所述第八阀体的第二端、以及所述阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至所述第四换热管组,所述暖风芯体输出的冷却液经所述阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至所述第四换热管组。
  11. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括进风换热器和第九阀体,所述进风换热器设置于所述空调箱组件的进口,所述进风换热器的进口与所述第九阀体的第一端连通,所述进风换热器的出口与所述阀体组件的第六端连通,
    所述第九阀体的第二端与所述暖风芯体的出口连通,所述第九阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通。
  12. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第十阀体、第十一阀体和第十二阀体,所述第十阀体的第一端与所述第一换热管组的出口连通,所述第十阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述第十阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第二端连通;
    所述第十一阀体的第一端与所述第四换热管组的出口连通,所述第十一阀体的第二端与所述暖风芯体的进口连通,所述第十一阀体的第三端与所述冷风芯体的进口端连通;
    所述第十二阀体的第一端与所述冷风芯体的出口连通,所述第十二阀体的第二端与所述阀体组件的第二端连通,所述第十一阀体的第三端与所述阀体组件的第六端连通;
    所述冷风芯体以及所述暖风芯体均用于接入所述第二换热管组输出的高温冷却液,所述冷风芯体输出的冷却液经所述第十一阀体以及所述阀体组件的第六端和第五端回流至所述第四换热管组,所述冷风芯体复用为暖风芯体;
    所述暖风芯体输出的冷却液经所述第四换热管组的中间入口回流至所述第四换热管组。
  13. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第十三阀体和第十四阀体,所述第十三阀体的第一端与所述第四换热换管组的出口连通,所述第十三阀体的第二端与所述第一换热管组的出口连通,所述第十三阀体的第三端与所述暖风芯体的进口连通;
    所述第十四阀体的出口与所述暖风芯体与所述阀体组件之间的管路连通,所述第十四阀体的进口与所述冷风芯体与所述阀体组件之间的管路连通。
  14. 根据权利要求4~7任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述空调箱组件还包括额外芯体,所述热管理系统还包括第十五阀体、第十六阀体和第十七阀体;
    所述第十五阀体的第一端与所述第一换热管组的出口连通,所述第十五阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述第十五阀体的第三端与所述第十六阀体的第一端连通,所述第十六阀体的第二端与所述第四换热管组的出口连通,所述第十六阀体的第三端与所述暖风芯体的进口连通,所述额外芯体的进口与所述第十五阀体的第三端与所述第十六端的第一端之间的管路连通,所述额外芯体的出口与所述第十七阀体的第一端连通,所述第十七阀体的第二端与所述第十五阀体的第二端与所述冷风芯体的进口之间的管路连通,所述第十七阀体的第三端与所述第十六阀体的第三端与所述暖风芯体的进口之间的管路连通。
  15. 根据权利要求7~14任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括回热集液器,所述回热集液器设置于所述第三回路上,所述回热集液器内的第五换热管组的进口与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第五换热管组的出口与所述节流装置的进口连通,所述回热集液器内的第六换热管组的进口与所述第二换热管组的出口连通,所述第六换热管组的出口与所述压缩机的进口连通。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述回热集液器包括回热器和第一气液分离器,所述回热器包括所述第五换热管组和所述第六换热管组,所述第一气液分离器的进口与所述第六换热管组的出口连通,所述第一气液分离器的出口与所述压缩机的进口连通。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述回热集液器包括回热器和储液罐,所述回热器包括所述第五换热管组和所述第六换热管组,所述第五换热管组的进口与所述储液罐的出口连通,所述储液罐的进口与所述第三换热管组的出口连通。
  18. 根据权利要求7~14任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述节流装置为第一节流阀。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括室外换热器、第二节流阀和第一阀门,所述第二节流阀的一端与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第二节流阀的第二端与所述室外换热器的入口连通,所述室外换热器的出口与所述第一节流阀的入口连通,所述第一阀门的一端与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第一阀门的另一端与所述第一节流阀的入口连通。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第二气液分离器,所述第二气液分离器位于所述第三回路上,所述第二气液分离器的进口与所述第二换热器管组的出口连通,所述第二气液分离器的出口与所述压缩机电机的进口连通。
  21. 根据权利要求7~14任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述节流装置包括喷射器和第三气液分离器;
    所述喷射器的射流端与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述喷射器的引流端与所述第二换热管组的出口连通,所述喷射器的输出端与所述第三气液分离器的进口连通,所述第三气液分离器的气相输出端与所述压缩机的进口连通,所述第三气液分离器的液相输出端与所述第二换热管组的进口连通。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述节流装置还包括第一电子膨胀阀,所述第一电子膨胀阀的进口与所述第三气液分离器的气相输出端连通,所述第一电子膨胀阀的出口与所述第二换热管组的进口连通。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述节流装置还包括第二电子膨胀阀,所述第二电子膨胀阀的进口与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第二电子膨胀阀的出口与所述喷射器的射流端连通。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述节流装置还包括第三电子膨胀阀、第二阀门、第三阀门、第四阀门和第五阀门;
    所述第二阀门的入口与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第二阀门的出口与所述喷射器的射流端连通,所述第三阀门的一端与所述第二换热管组的出口连通,所述第三阀门的另一端与所述喷射器的引流端连通,所述第四阀门的一端与所述第二换热管组的出口连通,所述第四阀门的另一端与所述喷射器的输出端与所述第三气液分离器的进口之间的管路连通,所述第五阀门的一端与所述第三气液分离器的液相输出端连通,所述第五阀门的另一端与所述第二换热管组的进口连通,所述第三电子膨胀阀的一端与所述第二阀门的入口与所述第三换热管组的出口之间的管路连通,所述第三电子膨胀阀的另一端与所述第五阀门的出口与所述第二换热管组的进口之间的管路连通。
  25. 根据权利要求7所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第一集成单元,所述第一水泵、所述第二水泵、所述第三水泵、所述第四水泵、所述第一阀体和所述阀体组件中的一个或几个集成在所述第一集成单元。
  26. 根据权利要求7所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第二集成单元和第三集成单元,所述水冷冷凝器、水冷蒸发器、所述加热器和所述节流装置中集成在所述第二集成单元。
  27. 根据权利要求7所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述水冷冷凝器、水冷蒸发器、所述加热器、所述回热集液器、所述节流装置和所述压缩机集成在所述第三集成单元。
  28. 一种如权利要求1~27任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,控制所述阀体组件的第一端与所述阀体组件的第三端连通,控制所述阀体组件中的第二端与所述阀体组件的第四端连通,所述第一换热管组中的冷却液经过所述冷风芯体,用于对经过所述冷风芯体的气体进行降温;
    控制所述第一阀体的各个端的开闭,用于使经过所述冷风芯体的冷却液经所述阀体组件的第二端和所述阀体组件的第四端后,经过所述第一阀体回流至所述阀体组件的第三端和所述阀体组件的第一端进入所述第一换热管组,控制所述第二阀体,用于使所述电池内的冷却液由所述电池的第二端流经所述第二阀体回流至所述电池的第一端;
    或,用于使经过所述冷风芯体的冷却液经所述阀体组件的第二端和所述阀体组件的第四端后,经过所述第一阀体以及所述电池回流至所述阀体组件的第三端和所述阀体组件的第一端进入所述第一换热管组。
  29. 一种热管理系统,其特征在于,包括:
    第一回路,所述第一回路上设置有压缩机、空调箱组件、水冷蒸发器和截止阀,其中,所述空调箱组件包括暖风芯体和冷风芯体;
    所述第一回路包括主回路、第一支路和第二支路,所述压缩机、所述暖风芯体和所述截止阀设置于所述主回路,所述压缩机的出口与所述暖风芯体的进口连通,所述暖风芯体的出口用于与所述截止阀的进口连通,所述截止阀的出口与所述压缩机的进口连通;
    所述第一支路上设置有第一节流阀和所述水冷蒸发器的第一换热管组,所述第一节流阀的进口与所述截止阀与所述暖风芯体之间的管路连通,所述第一节流阀的出口与第一换热管组的进口连通,所述第一换热管组的出口与所述截止阀的出口与所述压缩机的进口之间的管路连通;
    所述第二支路上设置第二节流阀和所述冷风芯体,所述第二节流阀的进口与所述截止阀与所述暖风芯体之间的管路连通,所述第二节流阀的出口与所述冷风芯体的进口连通,所述冷风芯体的出口与所述截止阀的出口与所述压缩机的进口之间的管路连通。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括水冷冷凝器、阀体组件、第二回路和第三回路,所述水冷冷凝器包括第三换热管组和第四换热管组;
    所述第三换热管组的进口与所述暖风芯体的出口连通,所述第三换热管组的出口与所述截止阀的进口连通;
    所述第二回路上设置有第一水泵和所述第四换热管组,所述第四换热管组用于与所述第三换热管组热交换,所述第二回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第一端连通,所述第二回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第二端连通;
    所述第三回路经过电池,以与所述电池进行热交换,所述第三回路上设置有用于使所述第三回路内冷却液流动的第二水泵,所述第三回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第三端连通,所述第三回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第四端连通。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第四回路,所述水冷蒸发器包括第一换热管组和第二换热管组;
    所述第四回路上设置有第三水泵和所述水冷蒸发器的第二换热管组,所述第二换热管组用于与所述第一换热管组热交换,所述第四回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第五端连通,所述第四回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第六端连通。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述主回路上还设置有第三节流阀和室外换热器;所述第三节流阀的进口与所述第三换热管组的出口连通,所述第三节流阀的出口与所述室外换热器的进口连通,所述室外换热器的出口与所述截止阀的进口连通。
  33. 根据权利要求30~32任一项所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热管理系统还包括第五回路,以及设置于所述第五回路上的冷却器、电驱器、水壶和第四水泵,所述第五回路的第一端口与所述阀体组件的第七端连通,所述第五回路的第二端口与所述阀体组件的第八端连通,所述阀体组件的第九端与所述冷却器和所述电驱器之间的管路连通。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述阀体组件为九通阀;
    在所述第二回路上,所述九通阀的第一端与所述第一水泵的进口连通,所述第一水泵的出口与所述第四换热管组的进口连通,所述第四换热换管组的出口与所述九通阀的第二端连通;
    在所述第三回路上,所述九通阀的第三端与所述第二水泵的进口连通,所述第二水泵的出口与所述电池的进口连通,所述电池的出口与所述九通阀的第四端连通;
    在所述第四回路上,所述九通阀的第五端与所述第三水泵的入口连通,所述第三水泵的出口与所述第二换热管组的进口连通,所述第二换热管组的出口与所述九通阀的第六端连通;
    在所述第五回路上,所述九通阀的第七端与所述冷却器的进口连通,所述冷却器的出口与所述电驱器的入口连通,所述电驱器的出口与所述水壶的进口连通,所述水壶的出口与所述第四水泵的入口连通, 所述第四水泵的出口与所述九通阀的第八端连通;
    其中,所述九通阀的第九端与所述冷却器和所述电驱器之间的管路连通。
  35. 一种热管理系统,其特征在于,包括:压缩机、第一管组、第二管组、节流装置和回热集液器;
    所述压缩机的出口与所述第一管组的进口连通,所述第一管组的出口与所述回热集液器内的第三管组的进口连通,所述第三管组的出口与所述节流装置的进口连通,所述节流装置的出口与所述第二管组的进口连通,所述第二管组的出口与所述回热集液器内的第四管组的进口连通,所述第四管组的出口与所述压缩机的进口连通。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述回热集液器包括回热器和气液分离器,所述回热器包括所述第三管组和所述第四管组,所述气液分离器的进口与所述第四管组的出口连通,所述气液分离器的出口与所述压缩机的进口连通。
  37. 根据权利要求35所述的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述回热集液器包括回热器和储液罐,所述回热器包括所述第三管组和所述第四管组,所述第三管组的进口与所述储液罐的出口连通,所述储液罐的进口与所述第一管组的出口连通。
  38. 一种车辆,其特征在于,具有如权利要求1~27、29~37任一项所述的热管理系统。
PCT/CN2023/112738 2022-08-31 2023-08-11 热管理系统、控制方法及车辆 WO2024046100A1 (zh)

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CN112543709A (zh) * 2020-09-22 2021-03-23 华为技术有限公司 一种热管理系统及电动汽车
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