WO2024045974A1 - 一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组 - Google Patents

一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045974A1
WO2024045974A1 PCT/CN2023/110061 CN2023110061W WO2024045974A1 WO 2024045974 A1 WO2024045974 A1 WO 2024045974A1 CN 2023110061 W CN2023110061 W CN 2023110061W WO 2024045974 A1 WO2024045974 A1 WO 2024045974A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smoke
thermal runaway
exhaust pipe
battery pack
battery
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PCT/CN2023/110061
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张三学
雷政军
韩晓宇
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双澳储能科技（西安）有限公司
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Publication of WO2024045974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045974A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system and a battery pack.
  • Chinese patent application CN215496894U discloses a battery box, battery pack and vehicle for suppressing battery thermal runaway.
  • the battery box includes a box body, and an installation cavity for installing a battery module is provided in the box body. There are multiple installation chambers arranged in the installation cavity.
  • the cross beam is used to separate the battery modules, and fireproof mats are provided on the sides of the cross beam.
  • the battery box can block heat transfer between the side panels of the modules, effectively inhibiting the spread of thermal runaway between battery modules.
  • this device cannot handle thermal runaway smoke that has already occurred.
  • Chinese patent application CN113764815A discloses an energy storage battery safety system.
  • the invention provides an energy storage battery safety system.
  • the energy storage battery safety system includes a plurality of battery cells, a safety discharge part, an isolation liquid tank, and a filter adsorption device. and a gas collection box or vent tower.
  • Each battery cell is provided with an explosion-proof pressure relief part. When the battery cell produces a large amount of gas due to internal failure, the gas breaks through the explosion-proof membrane and is discharged to avoid combustion and explosion inside the battery.
  • the discharged combustible gas enters the safety discharge part through the discharge port. Since the safety discharge part is in an oxygen-free or oxygen-depleted state, it can effectively prevent combustion and explosion caused by rapid contact between high-temperature combustible gas and oxygen.
  • the combustible gas then passes through the isolation liquid tank and the filter adsorption device to remove harmful gases, and then uses the gas collecting box to collect the gas or when the gas reaches the After discharge requirements, it is discharged through the vent tower.
  • the above-mentioned battery safety system can handle the thermal runaway smoke of the battery.
  • the system includes multiple components such as a safety discharge part, an isolation liquid tank, a filter adsorption device, a gas collecting box or a vent tower, etc., making the battery thermal runaway treatment method very difficult. higher cost.
  • this application provides a battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system and a battery pack.
  • a battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system including a thermal runaway smoke treatment assembly.
  • the battery pack is arranged in a box and includes at least one battery.
  • the thermal runaway smoke treatment assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe and at least one pressure relief device. pipe; one end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the explosion vent of the battery, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe; one end of the smoke exhaust pipe is arranged in the box and is connected to the pressure relief pipe, and the other end passes through the box and is arranged in
  • the height of the exhaust pipe at the top of the box and outside the box is H, and H is greater than or equal to 3m.
  • the height H of the smoke exhaust pipe outside the box is greater than 9m.
  • the height H of the smoke exhaust pipe outside the box is greater than 12m.
  • an exhaust fan is provided in the smoke exhaust pipe for quickly discharging the thermal runaway smoke, or an exhaust fan is provided at the top of the smoke exhaust pipe for blowing away the discharged thermal runaway smoke.
  • a rainproof cover is provided at the top of the smoke exhaust pipe to prevent rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • a check valve is provided on the exhaust pipe to prevent rainwater from entering the battery through the exhaust pipe.
  • an ignition device is provided at the top of the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • the ignition device is used to ignite the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • a flame arrester is provided on the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • a backflow device is provided at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe for collecting electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • the installation height of the backflow device is lower than the installation height of the pressure relief pipe.
  • this application also provides a battery pack, including a battery pack and the above-mentioned battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system.
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system of this application includes a thermal runaway smoke treatment component.
  • the thermal runaway smoke treatment component includes a pressure relief pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe; one end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the explosion vent of the battery, and the other end is connected to the exhaust pipe.
  • Smoke pipe connection one end of the smoke exhaust pipe set inside the box is connected to the pressure relief pipe, and the other end passes through the box and is set at the top of the box.
  • the height of the smoke exhaust pipe set outside the box is H, and H is greater than or equal to 3m. .
  • the structure of each component of the system is simple and the system cost is very low.
  • the smoke exhaust pipe passes through the box and is set at the top of the box, so that a safe distance of at least 3m is formed between the battery thermal runaway smoke and the battery, so that the discharged thermal runaway smoke will not affect the battery.
  • the battery is placed in the box, which can protect and isolate the battery from the outside. If the battery experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gases can be discharged through the pressure relief pipe and smoke exhaust pipe to avoid high-temperature and high-pressure gases from gathering in a limited space. Danger occurs.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system includes a thermal runaway smoke treatment assembly.
  • the battery pack is arranged in a box, and the battery pack includes at least one battery.
  • the thermal runaway smoke treatment assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe and at least one vent. Pressure pipe; one end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the explosion vent of the battery, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe; one end of the smoke exhaust pipe is installed in the box and is connected to the pressure relief pipe, and the other end passes through the top of the box and extends to Outside the top of the box, the height of the exhaust pipe outside the box is greater than 3m.
  • the system has a simple structure and only needs to set up a simple pressure relief pipe and smoke exhaust pipe to treat thermal runaway smoke.
  • the pressure relief pipe and smoke exhaust pipe can directly process the thermal runaway smoke, achieving timely treatment of the thermal runaway smoke, with better timeliness and higher processing efficiency.
  • This system effectively improves the safety, reliability and durability of the battery pack and can effectively reduce the cost of the battery system.
  • the system of this application places the battery in a box, which can protect and isolate the battery from the outside. Moreover, if the battery experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas can be discharged through the pressure relief pipe and the smoke exhaust pipe to avoid high-temperature and high-pressure gases in the limited environment. Danger occurs due to space accumulation, thereby improving the safety of batteries during storage and charging.
  • the system of this application has certain requirements for the height of the smoke exhaust pipe outside the box, so that a safe distance is formed between the battery thermal runaway smoke and the battery, so that the discharged thermal runaway smoke will not affect the battery.
  • the requirement for the safety distance is more than 3m. It is preferred that the safety distance be greater than 9m. Optimally, the safety distance is greater than 12m. At the same time, this distance allows the discharged thermal runaway smoke to be quickly taken away by the airflow in the environment to avoid thermal shock. Uncontrolled smoke accumulation.
  • an exhaust fan can be installed in the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust fan can quickly discharge the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke can be discharged quickly.
  • the top of the exhaust pipe is equipped with an exhaust fan, which is used to blow away the exhausted thermal runaway smoke, which also allows the thermal runaway smoke to be discharged quickly.
  • a rainproof cover can be installed on the top of the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • the rainproof cover prevents rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust pipe, thereby preventing it from entering the battery.
  • a rainproof cover can also be installed on the smoke exhaust pipe.
  • a check valve is provided to prevent rainwater from entering the battery through the exhaust pipe.
  • an ignition device can be installed at the top of the exhaust pipe. At this time, a flame arrester is provided on the exhaust pipe to prevent the flame from transmitting downward.
  • a reflux device is provided at the bottom of the exhaust pipe to collect the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas. The position of the reflux device is lower than the position of the pressure relief pipe.
  • the above-mentioned reflux device can specifically be used for reflux tanks, etc., as long as it can collect heat. Small droplets of electrolyte in the out-of-control flue gas will suffice.
  • This application also includes a battery pack, including the above-mentioned battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system.
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system includes a thermal runaway smoke treatment component.
  • the battery pack is arranged in a box 2, and the battery pack includes at least N batteries 1;
  • the gas treatment assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 4 and N pressure relief pipes 3; one end of the N pressure relief pipes 3 is connected to the explosion vents of the N batteries 1 in one-to-one correspondence, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 4; the smoke exhaust pipe One end of 4 installed in the box 2 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 3, and the other end passes through the top of the box 2 and extends to the outside of the top of the box 2.
  • the height of the smoke exhaust pipe 4 outside the box 2 is greater than 3m.
  • a backflow device 9 is provided at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 4 for collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • the system of this application can timely discharge the combustible mixed gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 1 through the pressure relief pipe 3 and the smoke exhaust pipe 4.
  • the combustible mixed gas will not form a suppressed pressure in the battery 1 cavity and prevent damage to the structure of the battery 1.
  • the smoke exhaust pipe 4 passes through the box 2 and is set at the top of the box 2 so that a safe distance of at least 3m is formed between the battery thermal runaway smoke and the battery, so that the discharged thermal runaway smoke will not affect the battery.
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system includes a thermal runaway smoke treatment component.
  • the battery pack is arranged in a box 2, and the battery pack includes at least one battery 1;
  • the processing assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 4 and at least one pressure relief pipe 3; one end of the pressure relief pipe 3 is connected to the explosion vent of the battery 1, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 4; the smoke exhaust pipe 4 is arranged in the box 2 One end is connected to the pressure relief pipe 3, and the other end passes through the top of the box 2 and extends to the outside of the top of the box 2.
  • the height of the smoke exhaust pipe 4 outside the box 2 is greater than 3m.
  • a backflow device 9 is provided at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 4 for collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • an exhaust fan 5 is provided in the exhaust pipe 4 or at the top of the exhaust pipe 4, which can further increase the timeliness of the discharge of thermal runaway smoke. If the exhaust fan 5 is installed in the exhaust pipe 4, the exhaust fan 5 can quickly discharge the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke can be quickly discharged. Alternatively, an exhaust fan 5 is provided at the top of the exhaust pipe 4, and the exhaust fan 5 is used to blow away the discharged smoke. Thermal runaway smoke also causes the thermal runaway smoke to be discharged quickly.
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system includes a thermal runaway smoke treatment component.
  • the battery pack is arranged in a box 2, and the battery pack includes at least one battery 1;
  • the processing assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 4 and at least one pressure relief pipe 3; one end of the pressure relief pipe 3 is connected to the explosion vent of the battery 1, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 4; the smoke exhaust pipe 4 is arranged in the box 2 One end is connected to the pressure relief pipe 3, and the other end passes through the top of the box 2 and extends to the outside of the top of the box 2.
  • the height of the smoke exhaust pipe 4 outside the box 2 is greater than 3m.
  • a backflow device 9 is provided at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 4 for collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • a rainproof cover 6 can be provided at the top of the smoke exhaust pipe 4.
  • the rainproof cover 6 prevents rainwater from entering the smoke exhaust pipe 4, thereby preventing rainwater from entering the battery 1.
  • a rainproof cover 6 can also be installed at the top of the smoke exhaust pipe 4.
  • a check valve 7 is provided on the exhaust pipe 4 to prevent rainwater from entering the battery 1 through the exhaust pipe 4 .
  • the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system includes thermal runaway smoke Processing assembly, the battery pack is arranged in the box 2, and the battery pack includes at least one battery 1;
  • the thermal runaway smoke treatment assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 4 and at least one pressure relief pipe 3; one end of the pressure relief pipe 3 is connected to the battery 1
  • the explosion vent is connected, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 4; one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 4 is installed in the box 2 and is connected to the pressure relief pipe 3, and the other end passes through the top of the box 2 and extends to the top of the box 2
  • the height of the smoke exhaust pipe 4 outside the box 2 is greater than 3m.
  • the top of the exhaust pipe 4 in this embodiment is provided with an ignition device 8.
  • the ignition device 8 can ignite the thermal runaway smoke and reduce environmental pollution.
  • the ignition device 8 is a pulse igniter.
  • a flame arrester 10 is provided on the exhaust pipe 4 to prevent the flame from transmitting downward.
  • the flame arrester 10 can be a one-way valve or a compacted filter net.
  • a backflow device 9 is provided at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 4 for collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • this embodiment provides a battery pack that includes the battery pack thermal runaway smoke treatment system in any one of the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • the flue gas treatment system can quickly discharge the combustible gas generated when the battery pack is out of control and prevent the combustible gas from gathering into a flash explosion environment.
  • the ignition device 8 can also ignite combustible gas to eliminate potential safety hazards.
  • the exhaust fan 5 can disperse the combustible gas into the atmosphere, and the return device 9 can return the electrolyte after the battery 1 has thermal runaway.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组，主要解决现有电池热失控烟气处理方式成本较高的问题。该电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，热失控烟气处理组件包括泄压管和排烟管；泄压管的一端与电池的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管连接；排烟管设置在箱体内的一端与泄压管连接，另一端穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，且设置在箱体外的排烟管的高度为H。该系统各部件的结构简单，系统成本非常低。同时，排烟管穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，使得电池热失控烟气与电池之间形成安全距离，使得排出的热失控烟气不会对电池产生影响。

Description

一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组 技术领域
本申请属于电池领域，具体涉及一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组。
背景技术
近年来随着锂离子电池储能领域的进一步发展，锂离子电池的安全使用也受到关注。由于锂离子电池的原理和结构特性，在反复使用过程中常因内阻发热产生较大热量，而且该热量会逐渐增加，若堆积的热量没有得到有效散发，温度会进一步升高。当温度达到极限时，电池的热平衡会被破坏，引发一连串的自加热副反应，产生大量的可燃气体，出现“热失控”现象，最终可能导致电池内部着火，严重时引发爆炸，造成安全隐患。
中国专利申请CN215496894U公开了一种用于抑制电池热失控的电池箱、电池包和车辆，该电池箱包括箱体，箱体内设置有用于安装电池模组的安装腔，安装腔内设置有多个用于分隔电池模组的横梁，横梁的侧面设置有防火垫。该电池箱能够阻隔模组侧板间热传递，有效抑制了电池模组之间的热失控蔓延。但是，该装置并不能处理已经发生热失控的热失控烟气。
中国专利申请CN113764815A公开了一种储能电池安全系统，本发明提供了一种储能电池安全系统，该储能电池安全系统包括多个电池单体、安全排放部、隔离液箱、过滤吸附装置以及集气箱或放空塔。在每个电池单体上设置包括防爆泄压部，当电池单体由于内部故障而导致大量产气时，气体冲破防爆膜排出从而避免电池内部的燃烧爆炸。排出的可燃气体经由排放端口进入安全排放部，由于安全排放部内处于无氧或贫氧状态，因此可有效防止高温的可燃气体与氧气迅速接触而导致的燃烧爆炸。可燃气体进而经由隔离液箱和过滤吸附装置去除有害气体，然后利用集气箱收集气体或者在达到气体 排放要求后经由放空塔排放。通过本发明的电池安全系统，可以避免储能电池发生燃烧爆炸，确保整个电池系统的安全运行。
上述电池安全系统可对电池的热失控烟气进行处理，但是，该系统包括安全排放部、隔离液箱、过滤吸附装置以及集气箱或放空塔等多个部件，使得电池热失控处理方式的成本较高。
发明内容
为解决现有电池热失控烟气处理方式成本较高的问题，本申请提供一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统及电池组。
为达到上述目的，本申请的技术方案是：
一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统，包括热失控烟气处理组件，所述电池组设置在箱体内，包括至少一个电池，所述热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管和至少一个泄压管；所述泄压管的一端与电池的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管连接；所述排烟管设置在箱体内的一端与泄压管连接，另一端穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，且设置在箱体外的排烟管的高度为H，H大于等于3m。
进一步地，所述箱体外的排烟管的高度H大于9m。
进一步地，所述箱体外的排烟管的高度H大于12m。
进一步地，所述排烟管内设置有排风扇，用于快速排出热失控烟气，或者，所述排烟管的顶端设置有排风扇，用于吹散排出的热失控烟气。
进一步地，所述排烟管的顶端设置有防雨罩，用于防止雨水进入排烟管。
进一步地，所述排烟管上设置有止逆阀，用于防止雨水通过排烟管进入电池内。
进一步地，所述排烟管的顶端设置有点火装置，所述点火装置用于点燃排烟管排出的热失控烟气，所述排烟管上设置有阻火器。
进一步地，所述排烟管的底端设置有回流装置，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
进一步地，所述回流装置的安装高度低于泄压管的安装高度。
同时，本申请还提供一种电池组，包括电池组和上述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统。
和现有技术相比，本申请技术方案具有如下优点：
本申请电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，热失控烟气处理组件包括泄压管和排烟管；泄压管的一端与电池的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管连接；排烟管设置在箱体内的一端与泄压管连接，另一端穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，且设置在箱体外的排烟管的高度为H，H大于等于3m。该系统各部件的结构简单，系统成本非常低。
同时，排烟管穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，使得电池热失控烟气与电池之间形成安全距离至少为3m，使得排出的热失控烟气不会对电池产生影响。此外，将电池放置到箱体中，箱体可起到防护以及与外部隔离作用，若电池发生热失控可通过泄压管和排烟管将高温气体排出，避免高温高压气体在有限空间聚集而发生危险。
本申请的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本申请的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例1中电池组热失控烟气处理系统示意图；
图2为本申请实施例2中电池组热失控烟气处理系统示意图；
图3为本申请实施例3中电池组热失控烟气处理系统示意图；
图4为本申请实施例4中电池组热失控烟气处理系统示意图。
附图标记：1-电池，2-箱体，3-泄压管，4-排烟管，5-排风扇，6-防雨罩，7-止逆阀，8-点火装置，9-回流装置，10-阻火器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行详细说明。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用来解释本申请的技术原理，目的并不是用来限制本申请的保护范围。
本申请提供的电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，该电池组设置在箱体内，且电池组包括至少一个电池；热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管和至少一个泄压管；泄压管的一端与电池的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管连接；排烟管设置在箱体内的一端与泄压管连接，另一端穿过箱体顶端，并延伸至箱体顶端外侧，排烟管在箱体外的高度大于3m。该系统结构简单，只需设置简单的泄压管和排烟管即可对热失控烟气进行处理。同时，该泄压管和排烟管可直接对热失控烟气进行处理，实现对热失控烟气的及时处理，处理及时性较好，处理效率较高。该系统有效地提高了电池组的安全可靠性、使用持久性并可有效地降低电池系统的成本。
本申请系统将电池放置到箱体中，箱体可起到防护以及与外部隔离作用，而且，若电池发生热失控可通过泄压管和排烟管将高温气体排出，避免高温高压气体在有限空间聚集而发生危险，从而能够提高电池在存放以及充电时的安全性。
本申请系统对排烟管在箱体外的高度有一定要求，使得电池热失控烟气与电池之间形成安全距离，使得排出的热失控烟气不会对电池产生影响。该安全距离的要求是3m以上，优先的，该安全距离大于9m，最佳的，该安全距离大于12m，同时，该距离使得排出的热失控烟气被环境中的气流快速带走，避免热失控烟气聚集。
为进一步增加热失控烟气的排放及时性，可在排烟管内设置有排风扇， 排风扇能够快速排出热失控烟气，使得热失控烟气快速排出，或者，排烟管的顶端设置有排风扇，排风扇用于吹散排出的热失控烟气，同样使得热失控烟气快速排出。
为提高热失控烟气处理组件的可靠性，可在排烟管的顶端设置有防雨罩，防雨罩防止雨水进入排烟管，进而防止进入电池内，此外，也可在排烟管上设置有止逆阀，用于防止雨水通过排烟管进入电池内。
为减少对环境的污染，可在排烟管的顶端设置有点火装置，此时，相应的，排烟管上设置有阻火器，防止火焰向下传输。排烟管的底端设置有回流装置，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液，该回流装置的位置低于泄压管的位置，上述回流装置具体可对回流罐等，只要能够收集热失控烟气中的电解液小液滴即可。
本申请还包括一种电池组，包括上述电池组热失控烟气处理系统。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供的电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，该电池组设置在箱体2内，且电池组包括至少N个电池1；热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管4和N个泄压管3；N个泄压管3的一端一一对应与N个电池1的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管4连接；排烟管4设置在箱体2内的一端与泄压管3连接，另一端穿过箱体2顶端，并延伸至箱体2顶端外侧，排烟管4在箱体2外的高度大于3m。排烟管4的底端设置有回流装置9，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
本申请系统通过泄压管3和排烟管4可将电池1热失控产生的可燃混合气体及时排出电池1，可燃混合气体不会在电池1腔内形成憋压，防止对电池1结构产生破坏；排烟管4穿过箱体2设置在箱体2顶端，使得电池热失控烟气与电池之间形成安全距离至少为3m，使得排出的热失控烟气不会对电池产生影响。
实施例2
如图2所示，本实施例提供的电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，该电池组设置在箱体2内，且电池组包括至少一个电池1；热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管4和至少一个泄压管3；泄压管3的一端与电池1的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管4连接；排烟管4设置在箱体2内的一端与泄压管3连接，另一端穿过箱体2顶端，并延伸至箱体2顶端外侧，排烟管4在箱体2外的高度大于3m。排烟管4的底端设置有回流装置9，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
本实施例在排烟管4内或排烟管4顶端设置排风扇5，可进一步增加热失控烟气的排放及时性。若排风扇5设置在排烟管4内，排风扇5能够快速排出热失控烟气，使得热失控烟气快速排出，或者，排烟管4的顶端设置有排风扇5，排风扇5用于吹散排出的热失控烟气，同样使得热失控烟气快速排出。
实施例3
如图3所示，本实施例提供的电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气处理组件，该电池组设置在箱体2内，且电池组包括至少一个电池1；热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管4和至少一个泄压管3；泄压管3的一端与电池1的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管4连接；排烟管4设置在箱体2内的一端与泄压管3连接，另一端穿过箱体2顶端，并延伸至箱体2顶端外侧，排烟管4在箱体2外的高度大于3m。排烟管4的底端设置有回流装置9，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
为提高排烟管4的可靠性，可在排烟管4的顶端设置有防雨罩6，防雨罩6防止雨水进入排烟管4，进而防止雨水进入电池1内，此外，也可在排烟管4上设置有止逆阀7，用于防止雨水通过排烟管4进入电池1内。
实施例4
如图4所示，本实施例提供的电池组热失控烟气处理系统包括热失控烟气 处理组件，该电池组设置在箱体2内，且电池组包括至少一个电池1；热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管4和至少一个泄压管3；泄压管3的一端与电池1的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管4连接；排烟管4设置在箱体2内的一端与泄压管3连接，另一端穿过箱体2顶端，并延伸至箱体2顶端外侧，排烟管4在箱体2外的高度大于3m。
本实施例的排烟管4的顶端设置有点火装置8，点火装置8可对热失控烟气进行点燃处理，减少对环境的污染，该点火装置8为脉冲点火器。此时，相应的，排烟管4上设置有阻火器10，防止火焰向下传输，该阻火器10具体可为单向阀或被压实的虑网。排烟管4的底端设置有回流装置9，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
实施例5
如图1至图4所示，本实施例提供一种电池组，该电池组包括上述实施例1至实施例4中任一的电池组热失控烟气处理系统。该烟气处理系统可将电池组失控后产生的可燃气体快速排出空气，防止可燃气体聚集成闪爆环境。点火装置8还可以将可燃气体点燃，消除安全隐患。排风扇5可将可燃气体驱散到大气中，回流装置9可将电池1热失控后的电解液回流。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池组热失控烟气处理系统，所述电池组包括至少一个电池，其特征在于，包括热失控烟气处理组件，所述电池组设置在箱体内；
    所述热失控烟气处理组件包括排烟管和至少一个泄压管；
    所述泄压管的一端与电池的泄爆口连通，另一端与排烟管连接；
    所述排烟管设置在箱体内的一端与泄压管连接，另一端穿过箱体设置在箱体顶端，且设置在箱体外的排烟管的高度为H，H大于等于3m。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述箱体外的排烟管的高度H大于9m。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述箱体外的排烟管的高度H大于12m。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述排烟管内设置有排风扇，用于快速排出热失控烟气，或者，所述排烟管的顶端设置有排风扇，用于吹散排出的热失控烟气。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述排烟管的顶端设置有防雨罩，用于防止雨水进入排烟管。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述排烟管上设置有止逆阀，用于防止雨水通过排烟管进入电池内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述排烟管的顶端设置有点火装置，所述点火装置用于点燃排烟管排出的热失控烟气，同时，所述排烟管上设置有阻火器。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述排烟管的底端设置有回流装置，用于收集热失控烟气中的电解液。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统，其特征在于，所述 回流装置的安装高度低于泄压管的安装高度。
  10. 一种电池组，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至9任一所述的电池组热失控烟气处理系统。
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