WO2024045872A1 - Method and apparatus for controlling temperature of storage battery of vehicle - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling temperature of storage battery of vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045872A1
WO2024045872A1 PCT/CN2023/104807 CN2023104807W WO2024045872A1 WO 2024045872 A1 WO2024045872 A1 WO 2024045872A1 CN 2023104807 W CN2023104807 W CN 2023104807W WO 2024045872 A1 WO2024045872 A1 WO 2024045872A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
temperature
vehicle
discharge
insulation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/104807
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郎大鹏
邹杉
陈明
黄俊夫
黄小枫
肖柏宏
张洪超
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车科技（安 徽）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车科技（安 徽）有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车科技（安 徽）有限公司
Publication of WO2024045872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045872A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically to a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, a computer storage medium and a computer device.
  • batteries play an irreplaceable role as the power source of electric vehicles.
  • batteries are easily affected by the environment during use. Especially when the ambient temperature is low, the battery capacity and performance cannot achieve ideal results.
  • Lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of large capacity, high power density, and high cost performance.
  • the charge and discharge performance of this type of battery is significantly affected by temperature. Especially in low temperature environments (usually lower than -30°C), the charging capacity of the battery will drop significantly. If the battery SOC value is too low at this time, the battery will be in a feeding state, which will greatly affect the starting of the car in a low-temperature environment, and even make it difficult to start the car in a low-temperature environment.
  • a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery includes the following steps: detecting the battery temperature and the vehicle status; responding to the detected battery temperature and the vehicle status satisfying the first predetermined state.
  • the battery warm-up operation includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting an output voltage of a DCDC converter; and responding to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value
  • the battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated when the second preset condition is met.
  • detecting the battery temperature includes: periodically detecting the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals; and estimating the current battery based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature. The moment when the temperature drops to the keep-warm-on temperature, and the battery temperature is detected at that moment.
  • detecting the vehicle status includes detecting one of the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature.
  • vehicle usage status One or more: vehicle usage status, working status of the DCDC converter, and working status of actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • the detected battery temperature and vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition includes: the detected battery temperature is low At the insulation opening temperature; the vehicle is in a parked state and there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle; and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working conditions.
  • the battery insulation operation further includes: comparing the battery SOC value with a discharge insulation threshold, wherein the discharge insulation threshold Indicate the safety of performing charge and discharge operations under the battery SOC value; enter the discharge state in response to the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold; and respond to the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold. Enter charging state.
  • the output voltage of the DCDC converter is adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage; Selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load; and use the heat generated by the discharge current to heat the vehicle battery.
  • the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein the method further includes: in the discharge state, in response to the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature , the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold to enter the charging state; and in the charging state, in response to the battery temperature being less than the preset insulation temperature , the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge The battery temperature rise rate is lower than the preset rate to enter the discharge state.
  • the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfy the second preset condition includes: the detected battery The temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature; and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
  • a device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery includes: a detection unit configured to detect the battery temperature and the vehicle status; and a control unit configured to: respond to The detected battery temperature and the vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition to enable the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • the battery warm-keeping operation includes controlling the battery to switch between the charging state and the discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter; and The battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting a second preset condition.
  • the detection unit is further configured to: periodically detect the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals; and estimate the temperature based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature. The moment when the current battery temperature drops to the heat preservation start temperature is determined, and the battery temperature is detected at the moment.
  • the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein the detection unit is further configured to detect the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature.
  • the detection unit is further configured to detect the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature.
  • vehicle usage status e.g., vehicle usage status, working status of the DCDC converter, and working status of actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • the detected battery temperature and vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition includes: the detected battery temperature is low At the insulation opening temperature; the vehicle is in a parked state and there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle; and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working conditions.
  • control unit is further configured to: compare the battery SOC value with a discharge insulation threshold, wherein the discharge insulation threshold indicating the safety of performing charge and discharge operations under the battery SOC value; controlling the battery to enter a discharge state in response to the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold; and responding to the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold threshold to control the battery to enter the charging state.
  • control unit is further configured in the discharge state to: change the output voltage of the DCDC converter Adjust to be less than the battery open circuit voltage; selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load; and use the heat generated by the discharge current to heat the vehicle battery.
  • control unit is further configured in the charging state to: change the output voltage of the DCDC converter Adjust it to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
  • control unit is further configured to: in the discharge state, in response to the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset One or more of the insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold, and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold to control the battery to enter the charging state; and in the charging state, in response to the battery temperature being less than The battery is controlled to enter the discharge state when the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate.
  • the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfy the second preset condition includes: the detected battery The temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature; and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
  • a computer storage medium comprising instructions that, when run, perform the steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and run on the processor.
  • the processor executes the computer program, the first aspect of the present invention is implemented. The steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery as described in the aspect.
  • the solution for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery can insulate the battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs. It ensures that the battery can work at a suitable temperature and avoids difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature. In addition, temperature control of vehicle batteries can Extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC value estimation.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a computer device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Words such as “comprising” and “including” mean that in addition to having units and steps that are directly and explicitly stated in the specification, the technical solution of the present invention does not exclude having other units and steps that are not directly or explicitly stated. situation. Terms such as “first” and “second” do not indicate the order of units in terms of time, space, size, etc. but are merely used to distinguish between units.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
  • step S101 the battery temperature and vehicle status are detected.
  • the battery temperature can be detected periodically at predetermined time intervals and at specific moments determined based on the current battery temperature, ambient temperature, and insulation opening temperature. It can be understood that the keep warm opening temperature indicates the temperature at which the battery needs to enable the battery keep warm operation.
  • the battery temperature can be detected through the battery controller.
  • the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature. Detecting the battery temperature through the above two methods avoids the problem that the battery temperature cannot be detected due to the battery controller sleeping, thereby achieving accurate identification of the need for the battery to be kept warm. It should be noted that other units or components in the vehicle can also be used to detect the battery temperature.
  • the vehicle status may be detected when the detected battery temperature is lower than the heat preservation opening temperature.
  • the vehicle status may include but is not limited to the vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), the working status of the DCDC converter, and execution associated with the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • the vehicle status can be detected through the vehicle controller.
  • the vehicle controller can be awakened to use the vehicle controller to detect the vehicle status.
  • the vehicle controller can re-enter the sleep state.
  • other units or components in the vehicle can also be used to detect the status of the entire vehicle. By detecting the status of the entire vehicle, the normal operation of the battery insulation operation and the safety of vehicle drivers and passengers can be ensured.
  • step S103 is entered to enable the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meeting the first preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle being in a parking state, and there being no driver or passenger in the vehicle, as well as a DCDC converter and all the The actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working condition.
  • step S103 a battery warm-keeping operation is enabled, which includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter.
  • step S103 it may be determined based on the battery SOC value whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state.
  • the battery SOC value can be compared with the discharge insulation threshold, and based on the comparison result, it can be determined whether the battery enters the charging state or the discharging state first.
  • the discharge insulation threshold indicates the safety of charging and discharging operations on the battery under the current battery SOC value.
  • the battery SOC value when the battery SOC value is at 10%, it is determined that it is safe for the battery to enter the charging state by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold; and when the battery SOC value is at 70%, by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold threshold to determine whether it is safe for the battery to enter a discharged state.
  • step S103 when it is determined that the battery enters the discharge state first, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage, selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load, and utilize the discharge current generated heat to heat the vehicle battery.
  • the power of some low-voltage loads when the vehicle low-voltage load power is low, the power of some low-voltage loads can be selectively increased to increase the battery discharge current as much as possible while ensuring battery safety and life, so as to improve the performance of the vehicle battery. Heating efficiency.
  • vehicle low-voltage loads may include, but are not limited to, water pumps, fans, blowers, air conditioners, heating elements for heated seats and steering wheels, etc.
  • step S103 when it is determined that the battery enters the charging state first, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
  • the battery may also be switched between the charging state and the discharging state based on one or more preset conditions for the battery state.
  • the battery when the battery is in a discharge state, when one or more of the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold, and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold, you can Switch the battery from discharge to charge.
  • the battery when the battery is in the charging state, when the battery temperature is less than the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate, the battery can be removed from the charging state. Switch to discharge state.
  • step S105 the battery warm-keeping operation is disabled in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition.
  • the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfying the second preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value being greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, where the battery sleep threshold Indicates battery full or nearly full status.
  • the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
  • the risk of low-temperature feed of the battery can be accurately and timely identified, and the charging and discharging state of the battery can be indirectly controlled by actively intervening in the output voltage of the DCDC converter, so as to take advantage of the battery's ability to discharge when discharging.
  • the self-heating is controlled by insulation to ensure that the lowest temperature of the battery can be kept above the lower charging limit temperature boundary when the vehicle is parked, thus preventing the vehicle from being difficult to start due to low-temperature battery feed.
  • the usage ratio of batteries in low-temperature environments can be reduced, which is beneficial to extending the service life of batteries.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
  • step S201 when the vehicle is parked in an ultra-low temperature environment (for example, below -30° C.) for a predetermined period of time, the battery controller is awakened to detect the battery temperature.
  • the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature.
  • step S202 the detected battery temperature is compared with the heat preservation opening temperature to determine whether the detected battery temperature is lower than the heat preservation opening temperature.
  • step S203 is entered to calculate the estimated temperature drop time for the detected battery temperature to drop to the insulation opening temperature based on the detected battery temperature and the ambient temperature, record the estimated temperature drop time and make The battery controller returns to sleep state. After the temperature drop estimation time has elapsed, the battery controller can be reawakened to detect the battery temperature.
  • step S204 is entered to wake up the vehicle controller to request activation of the battery heat preservation operation and detect the vehicle status.
  • the awakened vehicle controller detects the vehicle state and determines whether the detected vehicle state meets specific conditions.
  • the vehicle status may include but is not limited to the vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), the working status of the DCDC converter, and execution associated with the battery warm-keeping operation. The working status of detectors and sensors, etc.
  • step S205 when the detected vehicle status meets specific conditions, step S206 is entered to enable the battery warm-keeping operation.
  • step S213 is entered to exit the heat preservation function and cause the vehicle controller to re-enter the sleep state.
  • the detected vehicle status meeting specific conditions may include that the vehicle is in a parked state, there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle, and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation are in normal working status.
  • the battery warm-keeping operation includes one or more steps from step S206 to step S212 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S206 the battery SOC value is compared with the discharge insulation threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state.
  • the discharge state of step S207 is entered, and when the battery SOC value is not higher than the discharge warm-keeping threshold, the charging state of step S210 is entered.
  • the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage, the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load can be selectively increased, and the heat generated by the discharge current can be used to heat the vehicle battery.
  • the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
  • condition 1 may include any combination of one or more of the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge preservation threshold, and the discharge depth being greater than or equal to the depth threshold.
  • Condition 2 may include the battery temperature being less than the preset Assume that the insulation temperature and the battery SOC value are greater than the discharge insulation threshold and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate.
  • step S208 when it is determined that condition 1 is met, the battery can be switched from the discharging state to the charging state; otherwise, step S209 is entered.
  • step S211 when it is determined that condition 2 is met, the battery can be switched from the charging state to the discharging state; otherwise, step S212 is entered.
  • condition 3 may include that the detected battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, where the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
  • the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
  • step S213 when it is determined that condition 3 is met, step S213 can be entered to exit the heat preservation function and the vehicle controller re-enters the sleep state; otherwise, it returns to the discharge state of step S207.
  • step S212 when it is determined that condition 3 is met, step S213 can be entered to exit the heat preservation function and the vehicle controller re-enters the sleep state; otherwise, it returns to the charging state of step S210.
  • the estimated temperature drop time for the current battery temperature to drop to the insulation start temperature can also be calculated based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature, and the estimated temperature drop time is recorded and the battery controller re-enters the sleep state. After the temperature drop estimation time has elapsed, the battery controller can be reawakened to detect the battery temperature.
  • the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery proposed according to one aspect of the present invention can insulate the temperature of the vehicle battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs and ensuring that the battery Able to work at a suitable temperature to avoid difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature.
  • temperature control of vehicle batteries can extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC estimation.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
  • a device 300 for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery includes a detection unit 310 and a control unit 320 .
  • the detection unit 310 may be configured to detect battery temperature and vehicle status. In order to realize full-time monitoring of the battery temperature, the detection unit 310 may be configured to periodically detect the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals, and detect the battery temperature at a specific moment determined based on the current battery temperature, ambient temperature, and insulation start temperature.
  • the detection unit 310 may include a battery controller.
  • the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature. Detecting battery temperature through the above two methods avoids the problem that the battery temperature cannot be detected due to the battery controller sleeping, thereby achieving accurate identification of the need for battery insulation operations.
  • the detection unit 310 may be configured to detect the entire vehicle status when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature.
  • the vehicle status may include but is not limited to vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), DCDC converter status Working status, working status of actuators and sensors associated with battery heat preservation operation, etc.
  • the detection unit 310 may also include a vehicle controller. When the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle controller can be awakened to use the vehicle controller to detect the vehicle status. When the detected vehicle status does not meet specific conditions, such as when the vehicle is driving or there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, the vehicle controller can re-enter the sleep state. By detecting the status of the entire vehicle, the normal operation of the battery insulation operation and the safety of vehicle drivers and passengers can be ensured.
  • the control unit 320 may be configured to enable the battery warm-keeping operation when the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meet the first preset condition.
  • the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meeting the first preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle being in a parking state, and there being no driver or passenger in the vehicle, as well as a DCDC converter and all the The actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working condition.
  • Enabling the battery warm operation may include controlling the battery to switch between a charge state and a discharge state by adjusting an output voltage of a DCDC converter.
  • control unit 320 may be configured to determine whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state based on the battery SOC value. In one embodiment, the control unit 320 may be configured to determine whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state based on the comparison result by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold. The control unit 320 may control the battery to first enter the discharge state when the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge heat preservation threshold, and the control unit 320 may control the battery to first enter the charge state when the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge heat preservation threshold.
  • control unit 320 may be configured to adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to be less than the battery open circuit voltage when it is determined that the battery first enters the discharge state, selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load, and utilize the heat generated by the discharge current. to heat the vehicle battery.
  • control unit 320 may be configured to selectively increase the power of part of the low-voltage load to increase the battery discharge current as much as possible while ensuring battery safety and life. Improve the heating efficiency of vehicle batteries.
  • control unit 320 may be configured to adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery when it is determined that the battery first enters the charging state.
  • control unit 320 may be configured to switch the battery between the charging state and the discharging state based on one or more preset conditions for the battery state.
  • the control unit 320 when the battery is in a discharge state, when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC When the value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to one or more of the depth thresholds, the control unit 320 may be configured to switch the battery from the discharge state to the charge state.
  • control unit 320 when the battery is in a charging state, when the battery temperature is less than the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate, the control unit 320 may be configured to Switch the battery from charging to discharging state.
  • the control unit 320 may be further configured to disable the battery warm-keeping operation in response to the detected battery temperature and the battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition.
  • the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value being greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or close to The state of being full.
  • the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
  • the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery proposed according to one aspect of the present invention can insulate the temperature of the vehicle battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs and ensuring that the battery Able to work at a suitable temperature to avoid difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature.
  • temperature control of vehicle batteries can extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC estimation.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a computer device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • computer device 400 includes memory 410 , a processor 420 , and a computer program 430 stored on memory 410 and executable on processor 420 .
  • the computer program 430 is executed by the processor 420 , the various steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to one or more embodiments of the present invention are implemented.
  • the present invention may also be implemented as a computer storage medium in which a program for causing a computer to execute the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to one aspect of the present invention is stored.
  • disks for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, etc.
  • cards for example, memory cards, optical cards, etc.
  • semiconductor memories for example, ROM, nonvolatile memory, etc.
  • Computer storage media in various forms such as tapes (e.g. tapes, cassettes, etc.).
  • the various embodiments provided by the present invention may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • the various hardware components and/or software components set forth herein may be combined into composite components including software, hardware, and/or both without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the various hardware components and/or software components set forth herein may be divided into sub-components including software, hardware, or both. Additionally, where applicable, it is contemplated that software components may be implemented as hardware components, and vice versa.
  • Software (such as program code and/or data) according to the invention may be stored on one or more computer storage media. It is also contemplated that the software identified herein may be implemented using one or more general or special purpose computers and/or computer systems, networked and/or otherwise used. Where applicable, the order of the various steps described herein may be changed, combined into composite steps, and/or divided into sub-steps to provide the features described herein.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a storage battery of a vehicle, an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a storage battery of a vehicle, and a computer storage medium and a computer device. According to one aspect of the present invention, provided is a method for controlling the temperature of a storage battery of a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: measuring a battery temperature and detecting a vehicle state; in response to the measured battery temperature and the detected vehicle state meeting a first preset condition, initiating a battery heat preservation operation, wherein the battery heat preservation operation comprises: controlling, by means of adjusting an output voltage of a DCDC converter, a battery to switch between a state of charge (SOC) and a state of discharge; and in response to the measured battery temperature and a SOC value of the battery meeting a second preset condition, stopping the battery heat insulation operation.

Description

用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法及装置Method and device for controlling temperature of vehicle battery
相关申请的交叉引用Cross-references to related applications
本申请要求在2022年08月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211061223.X、申请名称为“用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application requires the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on August 31, 2022, with the application number 202211061223. This reference is incorporated into this application.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电池领域，并且更具体地涉及一种用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法、用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置、计算机存储介质及计算机设备。The present invention relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically to a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, a computer storage medium and a computer device.
背景技术Background technique
随着电动汽车行业的不断发展，蓄电池作为电动汽车的动力来源发挥着不可替代的作用。然而，蓄电池在使用过程中容易受环境的影响，特别是在环境温度较低的情况下，蓄电池的容量和使用性能都不能达到理想的效果。With the continuous development of the electric vehicle industry, batteries play an irreplaceable role as the power source of electric vehicles. However, batteries are easily affected by the environment during use. Especially when the ambient temperature is low, the battery capacity and performance cannot achieve ideal results.
目前，电动汽车的蓄电池大多采用磷酸铁锂电池。磷酸铁锂电池具有容量大、功率密度较高、性价比较高等优点，但此类型的电池充放电性能受温度影响非常明显，特别在低温环境下(通常低于-30℃)，电池的充电能力将显著下降。如果此时电池SOC值过低，蓄电池将处于馈电状态，从而导致汽车在低温环境下的启动受到很大影响，甚至导致汽车在低温环境下难以启动。At present, most batteries for electric vehicles use lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of large capacity, high power density, and high cost performance. However, the charge and discharge performance of this type of battery is significantly affected by temperature. Especially in low temperature environments (usually lower than -30°C), the charging capacity of the battery will drop significantly. If the battery SOC value is too low at this time, the battery will be in a feeding state, which will greatly affect the starting of the car in a low-temperature environment, and even make it difficult to start the car in a low-temperature environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决或至少缓解以上问题中的一个或多个，提供了以下技术方案。In order to solve or at least alleviate one or more of the above problems, the following technical solutions are provided.
按照本发明的第一方面，提供一种用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤：检测电池温度和整车状态；响应于检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件而启用电池保温操作，所述电池保温操作包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换；以及响应于所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用所述电池保温操作。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery is provided. The method includes the following steps: detecting the battery temperature and the vehicle status; responding to the detected battery temperature and the vehicle status satisfying the first predetermined state. Conditionally enabling a battery warm-up operation, the battery warm-up operation includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting an output voltage of a DCDC converter; and responding to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value The battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated when the second preset condition is met.
根据本发明一实施例所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中检测电池温度包括：以预定时间间隔周期性地检测电池温度；以及基于当前电池温度和环境温度预估所述当前电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻检测电池温度。According to a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, detecting the battery temperature includes: periodically detecting the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals; and estimating the current battery based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature. The moment when the temperature drops to the keep-warm-on temperature, and the battery temperature is detected at that moment.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中检测整车状态包括当所述检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时检测以下项目中的一个或多个：车辆使用状态、DCDC转换器的工作状态、与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态。According to the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, detecting the vehicle status includes detecting one of the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature. One or more: vehicle usage status, working status of the DCDC converter, and working status of actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件包括：所述检测的电池温度低于所述保温开启温度；车辆处于泊车状态且车辆内不存在驾乘人员；以及DCDC转换器以及与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。According to an embodiment of the present invention or the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the detected battery temperature and vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition includes: the detected battery temperature is low At the insulation opening temperature; the vehicle is in a parked state and there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle; and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working conditions.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中所述电池保温操作还包括：比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，其中所述放电保温阈值指示在所述电池SOC值下执行充放电操作的安全性；响应于所述电池SOC值大于所述放电保温阈值而进入放电状态；以及响应于所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值而进入充电状态。According to the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, the battery insulation operation further includes: comparing the battery SOC value with a discharge insulation threshold, wherein the discharge insulation threshold Indicate the safety of performing charge and discharge operations under the battery SOC value; enter the discharge state in response to the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold; and respond to the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold. Enter charging state.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中在所述放电状态中：将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压；选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率；以及利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。The method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein in the discharge state: the output voltage of the DCDC converter is adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage; Selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load; and use the heat generated by the discharge current to heat the vehicle battery.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中在所述充电状态中：将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。The method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein in the charging state: the output voltage of the DCDC converter is adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage, to charge the vehicle battery.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中所述方法还包括：在所述放电状态中，响应于电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个而进入所述充电状态；以及在所述充电状态中，响应于电池温度小于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值大于所述放 电保温阈值且电池温度上升速率小于预设速率而进入所述放电状态。The method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein the method further includes: in the discharge state, in response to the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature , the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold to enter the charging state; and in the charging state, in response to the battery temperature being less than the preset insulation temperature , the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge The battery temperature rise rate is lower than the preset rate to enter the discharge state.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其中所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件包括：所述检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度；以及所述电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中所述电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。According to an embodiment of the present invention or the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfy the second preset condition includes: the detected battery The temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature; and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
按照本发明的第二方面，提供一种用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，所述装置包括：检测单元，其配置成检测电池温度和整车状态；以及控制单元，其配置成：响应于检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件而启用电池保温操作，所述电池保温操作包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换；以及响应于所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用所述电池保温操作。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery is provided. The device includes: a detection unit configured to detect the battery temperature and the vehicle status; and a control unit configured to: respond to The detected battery temperature and the vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition to enable the battery warm-keeping operation. The battery warm-keeping operation includes controlling the battery to switch between the charging state and the discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter; and The battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting a second preset condition.
根据本发明一实施例所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述检测单元进一步配置成：以预定时间间隔周期性地检测电池温度；以及基于当前电池温度和环境温度预估所述当前电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻检测电池温度。According to the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit is further configured to: periodically detect the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals; and estimate the temperature based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature. The moment when the current battery temperature drops to the heat preservation start temperature is determined, and the battery temperature is detected at the moment.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述检测单元进一步配置成当所述检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时检测以下项目中的一个或多个：车辆使用状态、DCDC转换器的工作状态、与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态。The device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, wherein the detection unit is further configured to detect the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature. One or more of: vehicle usage status, working status of the DCDC converter, and working status of actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件包括：所述检测的电池温度低于所述保温开启温度；车辆处于泊车状态且车辆内不存在驾乘人员；以及DCDC转换器以及与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。According to an embodiment of the present invention or the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the detected battery temperature and vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition includes: the detected battery temperature is low At the insulation opening temperature; the vehicle is in a parked state and there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle; and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working conditions.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述控制单元进一步配置成：比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，其中所述放电保温阈值指示在所述电池SOC值下执行充放电操作的安全性；响应于所述电池SOC值大于所述放电保温阈值而控制电池进入放电状态；以及响应于所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值而控制电池进入充电状态。 According to the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, the control unit is further configured to: compare the battery SOC value with a discharge insulation threshold, wherein the discharge insulation threshold indicating the safety of performing charge and discharge operations under the battery SOC value; controlling the battery to enter a discharge state in response to the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold; and responding to the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold threshold to control the battery to enter the charging state.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述控制单元在所述放电状态中进一步配置成：将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压；选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率；以及利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。According to the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, the control unit is further configured in the discharge state to: change the output voltage of the DCDC converter Adjust to be less than the battery open circuit voltage; selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load; and use the heat generated by the discharge current to heat the vehicle battery.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述控制单元在所述充电状态中进一步配置成：将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。According to the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, the control unit is further configured in the charging state to: change the output voltage of the DCDC converter Adjust it to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述控制单元进一步配置成：在所述放电状态中，响应于电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个而控制电池进入所述充电状态；以及在所述充电状态中，响应于电池温度小于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值大于所述放电保温阈值且电池温度上升速率小于预设速率而控制电池进入所述放电状态。According to the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention or any of the above embodiments, the control unit is further configured to: in the discharge state, in response to the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset One or more of the insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold, and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold to control the battery to enter the charging state; and in the charging state, in response to the battery temperature being less than The battery is controlled to enter the discharge state when the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate.
根据本发明一实施例或以上任一实施例的所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其中所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件包括：所述检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度；以及所述电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中所述电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。According to an embodiment of the present invention or the device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfy the second preset condition includes: the detected battery The temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature; and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
根据本发明的第三方面，提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质包括指令，所述指令在运行时执行根据本发明第一方面所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的步骤。According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer storage medium comprising instructions that, when run, perform the steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to the first aspect of the invention. .
根据本发明的第四方面，提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现根据本发明第一方面所述的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的步骤。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the first aspect of the present invention is implemented. The steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery as described in the aspect.
根据本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方案能够通过蓄电池放电时的自发热对其进行保温，从而在不增加硬件成本的情况下实现对车辆蓄电池的温度控制，保证了蓄电池能够工作在合适的温度下，避免因温度过低而导致车辆难以启动。此外，对车辆蓄电池的温度控制能够 延长电池使用寿命并且提高对蓄电池SOC值的估算精度。The solution for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to one or more embodiments of the present invention can insulate the battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs. It ensures that the battery can work at a suitable temperature and avoids difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature. In addition, temperature control of vehicle batteries can Extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC value estimation.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的上述和/或其它方面和优点将通过以下结合附图的各个方面的描述变得更加清晰和更容易理解，附图中相同或相似的单元采用相同的标号表示。在所述附图中：The above and/or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the following description of various aspects in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar units are designated by the same reference numerals. In said drawing:
图1为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的流程图。1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
图2为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的流程图。2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
图3为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置的框图。3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
图4按照本发明的一个实施例的计算机设备的框图。Figure 4 is a block diagram of a computer device according to one embodiment of the invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下具体实施方式的描述本质上仅仅是示例性的，并且不旨在限制所公开的技术或所公开的技术的应用和用途。此外，不意图受在前述技术领域、背景技术或以下具体实施方式中呈现的任何明示或暗示的理论的约束。The following description of the detailed embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the disclosed technology or the application and uses of the disclosed technology. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background or the following detailed description.
在实施例的以下详细描述中，阐述了许多具体细节以便提供对所公开技术的更透彻理解。然而，对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是，可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践所公开的技术。在其他实例中，没有详细描述公知的特征，以避免不必要地使描述复杂化。In the following detailed description of the embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed technology. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the disclosed technology may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarily complicating the description.
诸如“包含”和“包括”之类的用语表示除了具有在说明书中有直接和明确表述的单元和步骤以外，本发明的技术方案也不排除具有未被直接或明确表述的其它单元和步骤的情形。诸如“第一”和“第二”之类的用语并不表示单元在时间、空间、大小等方面的顺序而仅仅是作区分各单元之用。Words such as "comprising" and "including" mean that in addition to having units and steps that are directly and explicitly stated in the specification, the technical solution of the present invention does not exclude having other units and steps that are not directly or explicitly stated. situation. Terms such as "first" and "second" do not indicate the order of units in terms of time, space, size, etc. but are merely used to distinguish between units.
在本发明的上下文中，电池SOC(State of charge，荷电状态)值可以用来表示电池剩余电量占电池总容量的比值，以此来反映电池的剩余电量情况。可以理解，SOC值的取值范围为0％～100％，例如，当SOC＝0％时表示电池的剩余电量为0，即电池放电完全；当SOC＝100％时表示电池的剩余电量 为1，即电池完全充满；当SOC＝50％时表示电池的剩余电量为0.5。In the context of the present invention, the battery SOC (State of charge, state of charge) value can be used to represent the ratio of the remaining battery capacity to the total battery capacity, thereby reflecting the remaining battery capacity. It can be understood that the SOC value ranges from 0% to 100%. For example, when SOC=0%, it means that the remaining power of the battery is 0, that is, the battery is completely discharged; when SOC=100%, it means that the remaining power of the battery is 0. When SOC = 50%, it means the battery's remaining power is 0.5.
在下文中，将参考附图详细地描述根据本发明的各示例性实施例。Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的流程图。1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
如图1中所示，在步骤S101中，检测电池温度和整车状态。为了实现对电池温度的全时监控，可以以预定时间间隔周期性地检测电池温度，以及在基于当前电池温度、环境温度和保温开启温度确定的特定时刻检测电池温度。可以理解的是，保温开启温度表示电池需要启用电池保温操作的温度。As shown in Figure 1, in step S101, the battery temperature and vehicle status are detected. In order to realize full-time monitoring of the battery temperature, the battery temperature can be detected periodically at predetermined time intervals and at specific moments determined based on the current battery temperature, ambient temperature, and insulation opening temperature. It can be understood that the keep warm opening temperature indicates the temperature at which the battery needs to enable the battery keep warm operation.
可选地，在步骤S101中，可以通过蓄电池控制器来实现对电池温度的检测。可选地，可以以预定时间间隔周期性地唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度，还可以基于蓄电池控制器休眠前的电池温度和环境温度预估电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。通过上述两种方式检测电池温度，避免了因蓄电池控制器休眠而导致电池温度无法检测的问题，从而实现对蓄电池进行保温操作的需求的准确识别。需要说明的是，还可以利用车辆中的其他单元或部件来检测电池温度。Optionally, in step S101, the battery temperature can be detected through the battery controller. Optionally, the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature. Detecting the battery temperature through the above two methods avoids the problem that the battery temperature cannot be detected due to the battery controller sleeping, thereby achieving accurate identification of the need for the battery to be kept warm. It should be noted that other units or components in the vehicle can also be used to detect the battery temperature.
可选地，在步骤S101中，当检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时可以检测整车状态。示例性地，整车状态可以包括但不限于车辆使用状态(例如，车辆行驶或泊车状态、车辆内是否存在驾乘人员等)、DCDC转换器的工作状态、与电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态等。可选地，可以通过整车控制器来实现对整车状态的检测。当检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时可以唤醒整车控制器，以利用整车控制器检测整车状态。当检测的整车状态不满足特定条件时，例如车辆处于行驶中或车辆内存在驾乘人员时，整车控制器可以重新进入休眠状态。需要说明的是，还可以利用车辆中的其他单元或部件来检测整车状态。通过对整车状态的检测，可以保证电池保温操作的正常运行以及车辆驾乘人员的安全。Optionally, in step S101, the vehicle status may be detected when the detected battery temperature is lower than the heat preservation opening temperature. For example, the vehicle status may include but is not limited to the vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), the working status of the DCDC converter, and execution associated with the battery warm-keeping operation. The working status of detectors and sensors, etc. Optionally, the vehicle status can be detected through the vehicle controller. When the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle controller can be awakened to use the vehicle controller to detect the vehicle status. When the detected vehicle status does not meet specific conditions, such as when the vehicle is driving or there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, the vehicle controller can re-enter the sleep state. It should be noted that other units or components in the vehicle can also be used to detect the status of the entire vehicle. By detecting the status of the entire vehicle, the normal operation of the battery insulation operation and the safety of vehicle drivers and passengers can be ensured.
当检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件时，进入步骤S103以启用电池保温操作。可选地，检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件可以包括检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度、车辆处于泊车状态且车辆内不存在驾乘人员以及DCDC转换器以及与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。 When the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meet the first preset condition, step S103 is entered to enable the battery warm-keeping operation. Optionally, the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meeting the first preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle being in a parking state, and there being no driver or passenger in the vehicle, as well as a DCDC converter and all the The actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working condition.
在步骤S103中，启用电池保温操作，其包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换。In step S103, a battery warm-keeping operation is enabled, which includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter.
可选地，在步骤S103中，可以基于电池SOC值来确定电池首先进入充电状态还是放电状态。在一个实施例中，可以通过比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，并基于比较结果来确定电池首先进入充电状态还是放电状态。当电池SOC值大于放电保温阈值时首先进入放电状态，以及当电池SOC值小于等于放电保温阈值时首先进入充电状态。需要说明的是，放电保温阈值指示在当前电池SOC值下对电池执行充放电操作的安全性。示例性地，当电池SOC值处于10％时，通过比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值来确定电池进入充电状态为安全的；以及当电池SOC值处于70％时，通过比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值来确定电池进入放电状态为安全的。Optionally, in step S103, it may be determined based on the battery SOC value whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state. In one embodiment, the battery SOC value can be compared with the discharge insulation threshold, and based on the comparison result, it can be determined whether the battery enters the charging state or the discharging state first. When the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge heat preservation threshold, it first enters the discharge state, and when the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge heat preservation threshold, it first enters the charge state. It should be noted that the discharge insulation threshold indicates the safety of charging and discharging operations on the battery under the current battery SOC value. For example, when the battery SOC value is at 10%, it is determined that it is safe for the battery to enter the charging state by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold; and when the battery SOC value is at 70%, by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold threshold to determine whether it is safe for the battery to enter a discharged state.
可选地，在步骤S103中，当确定电池首先进入放电状态时，可以将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压，选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率，以及利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。在一个实施例中，当车辆低压负载功率较低时可选择性地增大部分低压负载的功率，以在保证电池安全和寿命的情况下尽可能增大蓄电池放电电流，以提高对车辆蓄电池的加热效率。示例性地，车辆低压负载可以包括但不限于水泵、风扇、鼓风机、空调、用于加热座椅和方向盘等的加热元器件等。Optionally, in step S103, when it is determined that the battery enters the discharge state first, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage, selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load, and utilize the discharge current generated heat to heat the vehicle battery. In one embodiment, when the vehicle low-voltage load power is low, the power of some low-voltage loads can be selectively increased to increase the battery discharge current as much as possible while ensuring battery safety and life, so as to improve the performance of the vehicle battery. Heating efficiency. For example, vehicle low-voltage loads may include, but are not limited to, water pumps, fans, blowers, air conditioners, heating elements for heated seats and steering wheels, etc.
可选地，在步骤S103中，当确定电池首先进入充电状态时，可以将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。Optionally, in step S103, when it is determined that the battery enters the charging state first, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
可选地，在步骤S103中，基于针对电池状态的一个或多个预设条件，还可以将电池在充电状态和放电状态之间进行切换。在一个实施例中，在电池处于放电状态的情况下，当满足电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、电池SOC值小于等于放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个时，可以将电池从放电状态切换到充电状态。在一个实施例中，在电池处于充电状态的情况下，当同时满足电池温度小于预设保温温度、电池SOC值大于放电保温阈值以及电池温度上升速率小于预设速率时，可以将电池从充电状态切换到放电状态。Optionally, in step S103, the battery may also be switched between the charging state and the discharging state based on one or more preset conditions for the battery state. In one embodiment, when the battery is in a discharge state, when one or more of the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold, and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to the depth threshold, you can Switch the battery from discharge to charge. In one embodiment, when the battery is in the charging state, when the battery temperature is less than the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate, the battery can be removed from the charging state. Switch to discharge state.
在步骤S105中，响应于检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用电池保温操作。 In step S105, the battery warm-keeping operation is disabled in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition.
可选地，在步骤S105中，检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件可以包括检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度以及电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中该电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。示例性地，电池休眠阈值可以设置为90％-100％。Optionally, in step S105, the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfying the second preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value being greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, where the battery sleep threshold Indicates battery full or nearly full status. For example, the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
根据本发明的一个或多个实施例，能够准确及时识别蓄电池低温馈电的风险，并通过对DCDC转换器的输出电压进行主动干预来间接控制蓄电池的充放电状态，以利用蓄电池在放电时的自发热对其进行保温控制，从而保证在车辆停放过程中蓄电池的最低温度能够保持在充电下限温度边界以上，避免整车因为蓄电池低温馈电而难以启动。此外，根据本发明的一个或多个实施例，能够降低蓄电池在低温环境下的使用比例，有利于延长蓄电池的使用寿命。According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the risk of low-temperature feed of the battery can be accurately and timely identified, and the charging and discharging state of the battery can be indirectly controlled by actively intervening in the output voltage of the DCDC converter, so as to take advantage of the battery's ability to discharge when discharging. The self-heating is controlled by insulation to ensure that the lowest temperature of the battery can be kept above the lower charging limit temperature boundary when the vehicle is parked, thus preventing the vehicle from being difficult to start due to low-temperature battery feed. In addition, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the usage ratio of batteries in low-temperature environments can be reduced, which is beneficial to extending the service life of batteries.
图2为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的流程图。2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
如图2中所示，在步骤S201中，当车辆停放于超低温环境(例如，低于-30℃)下达预定时间段时，唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。可选地，可以以预定时间间隔周期性地唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度，还可以基于蓄电池控制器休眠前的电池温度和环境温度预估电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。As shown in FIG. 2 , in step S201 , when the vehicle is parked in an ultra-low temperature environment (for example, below -30° C.) for a predetermined period of time, the battery controller is awakened to detect the battery temperature. Optionally, the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature.
在步骤S202中，将检测的电池温度与保温开启温度进行比较以判断检测的电池温度是否低于保温开启温度。In step S202, the detected battery temperature is compared with the heat preservation opening temperature to determine whether the detected battery temperature is lower than the heat preservation opening temperature.
当检测的电池温度不低于保温开启温度时，进入步骤S203以基于检测的电池温度和环境温度计算检测的电池温度降低至保温开启温度的温降估算时间，记录所述温降估算时间并使得蓄电池控制器重新进入休眠状态。在经过所述温降估算时间后，可以重新唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。When the detected battery temperature is not lower than the insulation opening temperature, step S203 is entered to calculate the estimated temperature drop time for the detected battery temperature to drop to the insulation opening temperature based on the detected battery temperature and the ambient temperature, record the estimated temperature drop time and make The battery controller returns to sleep state. After the temperature drop estimation time has elapsed, the battery controller can be reawakened to detect the battery temperature.
当检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时，进入步骤S204以唤醒整车控制器来请求启用电池保温操作并对整车状态进行检测。When the detected battery temperature is lower than the heat preservation opening temperature, step S204 is entered to wake up the vehicle controller to request activation of the battery heat preservation operation and detect the vehicle status.
在步骤S205中，唤醒的整车控制器对整车状态进行检测并判断检测的整车状态是否满足特定条件。示例性地，整车状态可以包括但不限于车辆使用状态(例如，车辆行驶或泊车状态、车辆内是否存在驾乘人员等)、DCDC转换器的工作状态、与电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态等。 In step S205, the awakened vehicle controller detects the vehicle state and determines whether the detected vehicle state meets specific conditions. For example, the vehicle status may include but is not limited to the vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), the working status of the DCDC converter, and execution associated with the battery warm-keeping operation. The working status of detectors and sensors, etc.
在步骤S205中，当检测的整车状态满足特定条件时，进入步骤S206以启用电池保温操作。当检测的整车状态不满足特定条件时，进入步骤S213以退出保温功能并使得整车控制器重新进入休眠状态。可选地，检测的整车状态满足特定条件可以包括车辆处于泊车状态、车辆内不存在驾乘人员以及DCDC转换器以及与电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。需要说明的是，电池保温操作包括图2中所示的步骤S206至步骤S212中的一个或多个步骤。In step S205, when the detected vehicle status meets specific conditions, step S206 is entered to enable the battery warm-keeping operation. When the detected vehicle status does not meet specific conditions, step S213 is entered to exit the heat preservation function and cause the vehicle controller to re-enter the sleep state. Optionally, the detected vehicle status meeting specific conditions may include that the vehicle is in a parked state, there are no drivers or passengers in the vehicle, and the DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm-keeping operation are in normal working status. It should be noted that the battery warm-keeping operation includes one or more steps from step S206 to step S212 shown in FIG. 2 .
在步骤S206中，比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，并基于比较结果来确定电池首先进入充电状态还是放电状态。当电池SOC值高于放电保温阈值时进入步骤S207的放电状态，以及当电池SOC值不高于放电保温阈值时进入步骤S210的充电状态。In step S206, the battery SOC value is compared with the discharge insulation threshold, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state. When the battery SOC value is higher than the discharge warm-keeping threshold, the discharge state of step S207 is entered, and when the battery SOC value is not higher than the discharge warm-keeping threshold, the charging state of step S210 is entered.
在进入步骤S207的放电状态后，可以将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压，选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率，以及利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。After entering the discharge state in step S207, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be less than the battery open circuit voltage, the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load can be selectively increased, and the heat generated by the discharge current can be used to heat the vehicle battery.
在进入步骤S210的充电状态后，可以将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。After entering the charging state of step S210, the output voltage of the DCDC converter can be adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
继续如图2中所示，还可以基于步骤S208和步骤S211中分别示出的条件1与条件2的判断将电池在充电状态和放电状态之间进行切换。可选地，条件1可以包括电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、电池SOC值小于等于放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个的任意组合，条件2可以包括电池温度小于预设保温温度且电池SOC值大于放电保温阈值且电池温度上升速率小于预设速率。Continuing as shown in FIG. 2 , the battery can also be switched between the charging state and the discharging state based on the determination of Condition 1 and Condition 2 shown in step S208 and step S211 respectively. Optionally, condition 1 may include any combination of one or more of the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge preservation threshold, and the discharge depth being greater than or equal to the depth threshold. Condition 2 may include the battery temperature being less than the preset Assume that the insulation temperature and the battery SOC value are greater than the discharge insulation threshold and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate.
在步骤S208中，当判断满足条件1时，可以将电池从放电状态切换到充电状态，否则进入步骤S209。在步骤S211中，当判断满足条件2时，可以将电池从充电状态切换到放电状态，否则进入步骤S212。In step S208, when it is determined that condition 1 is met, the battery can be switched from the discharging state to the charging state; otherwise, step S209 is entered. In step S211, when it is determined that condition 2 is met, the battery can be switched from the charging state to the discharging state; otherwise, step S212 is entered.
继续如图2中所示，还可以基于步骤S209和步骤S212中分别示出的条件3的判断来确定是否退出保温功能。可选地，条件3可以包括检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度且电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中该电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。示例性地，电池休眠阈值可以设置为90％-100％。 Continuing as shown in FIG. 2 , it may also be determined whether to exit the heat preservation function based on the judgment of condition 3 shown in step S209 and step S212 respectively. Optionally, condition 3 may include that the detected battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value is greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, where the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full. For example, the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
在步骤S209中，当判断满足条件3时，可以进入步骤S213以退出保温功能并使得整车控制器重新进入休眠状态，否则回到步骤S207的放电状态。In step S209, when it is determined that condition 3 is met, step S213 can be entered to exit the heat preservation function and the vehicle controller re-enters the sleep state; otherwise, it returns to the discharge state of step S207.
在步骤S212中，当判断满足条件3时，可以进入步骤S213以退出保温功能并使得整车控制器重新进入休眠状态，否则回到步骤S210的充电状态。In step S212, when it is determined that condition 3 is met, step S213 can be entered to exit the heat preservation function and the vehicle controller re-enters the sleep state; otherwise, it returns to the charging state of step S210.
可选地，在步骤S213中，还可以基于当前电池温度和环境温度计算当前电池温度降低至保温开启温度的温降估算时间，记录所述温降估算时间并使得蓄电池控制器重新进入休眠状态。在经过所述温降估算时间后，可以重新唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。Optionally, in step S213, the estimated temperature drop time for the current battery temperature to drop to the insulation start temperature can also be calculated based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature, and the estimated temperature drop time is recorded and the battery controller re-enters the sleep state. After the temperature drop estimation time has elapsed, the battery controller can be reawakened to detect the battery temperature.
根据本发明的一个方面提出的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法能够通过蓄电池放电时的自发热对其进行保温，从而在不增加硬件成本的情况下实现对车辆蓄电池的温度控制，保证了蓄电池能够工作在合适的温度下，避免因温度过低而导致车辆难以启动。此外，对车辆蓄电池的温度控制能够延长电池使用寿命并且提高对蓄电池SOC值的估算精度。The method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery proposed according to one aspect of the present invention can insulate the temperature of the vehicle battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs and ensuring that the battery Able to work at a suitable temperature to avoid difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature. In addition, temperature control of vehicle batteries can extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC estimation.
图3为按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置的框图。3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention.
如图3中所示，用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置300包括检测单元310和控制单元320。As shown in FIG. 3 , a device 300 for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery includes a detection unit 310 and a control unit 320 .
检测单元310可以配置成检测电池温度和整车状态。为了实现对电池温度的全时监控，检测单元310可以配置成以预定时间间隔周期性地检测电池温度，以及在基于当前电池温度、环境温度和保温开启温度确定的特定时刻检测电池温度。The detection unit 310 may be configured to detect battery temperature and vehicle status. In order to realize full-time monitoring of the battery temperature, the detection unit 310 may be configured to periodically detect the battery temperature at predetermined time intervals, and detect the battery temperature at a specific moment determined based on the current battery temperature, ambient temperature, and insulation start temperature.
可选地，检测单元310可以包括蓄电池控制器。可选地，可以以预定时间间隔周期性地唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度，还可以基于蓄电池控制器休眠前的电池温度和环境温度预估电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻唤醒蓄电池控制器以检测电池温度。通过上述两种方式检测电池温度，避免了因蓄电池控制器休眠而导致电池温度无法检测的问题，从而实现对蓄电池进行保温操作的需求的准确识别。Optionally, the detection unit 310 may include a battery controller. Optionally, the battery controller can be woken up periodically at predetermined time intervals to detect the battery temperature, and the moment when the battery temperature drops to the insulation start temperature can also be estimated based on the battery temperature and ambient temperature before the battery controller goes to sleep, and at that time Wake up the battery controller at the above time to detect the battery temperature. Detecting battery temperature through the above two methods avoids the problem that the battery temperature cannot be detected due to the battery controller sleeping, thereby achieving accurate identification of the need for battery insulation operations.
可选地，检测单元310可以配置成当检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时检测整车状态。示例性地，整车状态可以包括但不限于车辆使用状态(例如，车辆行驶或泊车状态、车辆内是否存在驾乘人员等)、DCDC转换器的 工作状态、与电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态等。可选地，检测单元310还可以包括整车控制器。当检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时可以唤醒整车控制器，以利用整车控制器检测整车状态。当检测的整车状态不满足特定条件时，例如车辆处于行驶中或车辆内存在驾乘人员时，整车控制器可以重新进入休眠状态。通过对整车状态的检测，可以保证电池保温操作的正常运行以及车辆驾乘人员的安全。Optionally, the detection unit 310 may be configured to detect the entire vehicle status when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature. For example, the vehicle status may include but is not limited to vehicle usage status (for example, vehicle driving or parking status, whether there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, etc.), DCDC converter status Working status, working status of actuators and sensors associated with battery heat preservation operation, etc. Optionally, the detection unit 310 may also include a vehicle controller. When the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle controller can be awakened to use the vehicle controller to detect the vehicle status. When the detected vehicle status does not meet specific conditions, such as when the vehicle is driving or there are drivers and passengers in the vehicle, the vehicle controller can re-enter the sleep state. By detecting the status of the entire vehicle, the normal operation of the battery insulation operation and the safety of vehicle drivers and passengers can be ensured.
控制单元320可以配置成当检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件时启用电池保温操作。可选地，检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件可以包括检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度、车辆处于泊车状态且车辆内不存在驾乘人员以及DCDC转换器以及与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。启用电池保温操作可以包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换。The control unit 320 may be configured to enable the battery warm-keeping operation when the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meet the first preset condition. Optionally, the detected battery temperature and vehicle status meeting the first preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being lower than the insulation opening temperature, the vehicle being in a parking state, and there being no driver or passenger in the vehicle, as well as a DCDC converter and all the The actuators and sensors associated with the battery insulation operation are in normal working condition. Enabling the battery warm operation may include controlling the battery to switch between a charge state and a discharge state by adjusting an output voltage of a DCDC converter.
可选地，控制单元320可以配置成基于电池SOC值来确定电池首先进入充电状态还是放电状态。在一个实施例中，控制单元320可以配置成通过比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，并基于比较结果来确定电池首先进入充电状态还是放电状态。当电池SOC值大于放电保温阈值时控制单元320可以控制电池首先进入放电状态，以及当电池SOC值小于等于放电保温阈值时控制单元320可以控制电池首先进入充电状态。Alternatively, the control unit 320 may be configured to determine whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state based on the battery SOC value. In one embodiment, the control unit 320 may be configured to determine whether the battery first enters the charging state or the discharging state based on the comparison result by comparing the battery SOC value with the discharge insulation threshold. The control unit 320 may control the battery to first enter the discharge state when the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge heat preservation threshold, and the control unit 320 may control the battery to first enter the charge state when the battery SOC value is less than or equal to the discharge heat preservation threshold.
可选地，控制单元320可以配置成当确定电池首先进入放电状态时将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压，选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率，以及利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。在一个实施例中，当车辆低压负载功率较低时控制单元320可以配置成选择性地增大部分低压负载的功率，以在保证电池安全和寿命的情况下尽可能增大蓄电池放电电流，以提高对车辆蓄电池的加热效率。Optionally, the control unit 320 may be configured to adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to be less than the battery open circuit voltage when it is determined that the battery first enters the discharge state, selectively increase the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load, and utilize the heat generated by the discharge current. to heat the vehicle battery. In one embodiment, when the power of the vehicle's low-voltage load is low, the control unit 320 may be configured to selectively increase the power of part of the low-voltage load to increase the battery discharge current as much as possible while ensuring battery safety and life. Improve the heating efficiency of vehicle batteries.
可选地，控制单元320可以配置成当确定电池首先进入充电状态时将DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。Optionally, the control unit 320 may be configured to adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery when it is determined that the battery first enters the charging state.
可选地，控制单元320可以配置成基于针对电池状态的一个或多个预设条件将电池在充电状态和放电状态之间进行切换。在一个实施例中，在电池处于放电状态的情况下，当满足电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、电池SOC 值小于等于放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个时，控制单元320可以配置成将电池从放电状态切换到充电状态。在一个实施例中，在电池处于充电状态的情况下，当同时满足电池温度小于预设保温温度、电池SOC值大于放电保温阈值以及电池温度上升速率小于预设速率时，控制单元320可以配置成将电池从充电状态切换到放电状态。Optionally, the control unit 320 may be configured to switch the battery between the charging state and the discharging state based on one or more preset conditions for the battery state. In one embodiment, when the battery is in a discharge state, when the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC When the value is less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold and the discharge depth is greater than or equal to one or more of the depth thresholds, the control unit 320 may be configured to switch the battery from the discharge state to the charge state. In one embodiment, when the battery is in a charging state, when the battery temperature is less than the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value is greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rise rate is less than the preset rate, the control unit 320 may be configured to Switch the battery from charging to discharging state.
控制单元320还可以配置成响应于检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用电池保温操作。可选地，检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件可以包括检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度以及电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中该电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。示例性地，电池休眠阈值可以设置为90％-100％。The control unit 320 may be further configured to disable the battery warm-keeping operation in response to the detected battery temperature and the battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition. Optionally, the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting the second preset condition may include the detected battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature and the battery SOC value being greater than or equal to the battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or close to The state of being full. For example, the battery hibernation threshold may be set to 90%-100%.
根据本发明的一个方面提出的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置能够通过蓄电池放电时的自发热对其进行保温，从而在不增加硬件成本的情况下实现对车辆蓄电池的温度控制，保证了蓄电池能够工作在合适的温度下，避免因温度过低而导致车辆难以启动。此外，对车辆蓄电池的温度控制能够延长电池使用寿命并且提高对蓄电池SOC值的估算精度。The device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery proposed according to one aspect of the present invention can insulate the temperature of the vehicle battery through self-heating when it is discharged, thereby achieving temperature control of the vehicle battery without increasing hardware costs and ensuring that the battery Able to work at a suitable temperature to avoid difficulty in starting the vehicle due to low temperature. In addition, temperature control of vehicle batteries can extend battery life and improve the accuracy of battery SOC estimation.
图4为按照本发明的一个实施例的计算机设备的框图。如图4中所示，计算机设备400包括存储器410、处理器420和存储在存储器410上并可在处理器420上运行的计算机程序430。处理器420执行所述计算机程序430时实现按照本发明的一个或多个实施例的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的各个步骤。Figure 4 is a block diagram of a computer device according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , computer device 400 includes memory 410 , a processor 420 , and a computer program 430 stored on memory 410 and executable on processor 420 . When the computer program 430 is executed by the processor 420 , the various steps of the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to one or more embodiments of the present invention are implemented.
另外，如上所述，本发明也可以被实施为一种计算机存储介质，在其中存储有用于使计算机执行按照本发明的一个方面的用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法的程序。In addition, as mentioned above, the present invention may also be implemented as a computer storage medium in which a program for causing a computer to execute the method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery according to one aspect of the present invention is stored.
在此，作为计算机存储介质，能采用盘类(例如，磁盘、光盘等)、卡类(例如，存储卡、光卡等)、半导体存储器类(例如，ROM、非易失性存储器等)、带类(例如，磁带、盒式磁带等)等各种方式的计算机存储介质。Here, as the computer storage medium, disks (for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, etc.), cards (for example, memory cards, optical cards, etc.), semiconductor memories (for example, ROM, nonvolatile memory, etc.), Computer storage media in various forms such as tapes (e.g. tapes, cassettes, etc.).
在可适用的情况下，可以使用硬件、软件或硬件和软件的组合来实现由本发明提供的各种实施例。而且，在可适用的情况下，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，本文中阐述的各种硬件部件和/或软件部件可以被组合成包括软件、硬件和/或两者的复合部件。在可适用的情况下，在不脱离本发明的范围 的情况下，本文中阐述的各种硬件部件和/或软件部件可以被分成包括软件、硬件或两者的子部件。另外，在可适用的情况下，预期的是，软件部件可以被实现为硬件部件，以及反之亦然。Where applicable, the various embodiments provided by the present invention may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Furthermore, where applicable, the various hardware components and/or software components set forth herein may be combined into composite components including software, hardware, and/or both without departing from the scope of the invention. Where applicable, without departing from the scope of the invention , the various hardware components and/or software components set forth herein may be divided into sub-components including software, hardware, or both. Additionally, where applicable, it is contemplated that software components may be implemented as hardware components, and vice versa.
根据本发明的软件(诸如程序代码和/或数据)可以被存储在一个或多个计算机存储介质上。还预期的是，可以使用联网的和/或以其他方式的一个或多个通用或专用计算机和/或计算机系统来实现本文中标识的软件。在可适用的情况下，本文中描述的各个步骤的顺序可以被改变、被组合成复合步骤和/或被分成子步骤以提供本文中描述的特征。Software (such as program code and/or data) according to the invention may be stored on one or more computer storage media. It is also contemplated that the software identified herein may be implemented using one or more general or special purpose computers and/or computer systems, networked and/or otherwise used. Where applicable, the order of the various steps described herein may be changed, combined into composite steps, and/or divided into sub-steps to provide the features described herein.
提供本文中提出的实施例和示例，以便最好地说明按照本发明及其特定应用的实施例，并且由此使本领域的技术人员能够实施和使用本发明。但是，本领域的技术人员将会知道，仅为了便于说明和举例而提供以上描述和示例。所提出的描述不是意在涵盖本发明的各个方面或者将本发明局限于所公开的精确形式。 The embodiments and examples set forth herein are provided in order to best explain the embodiments according to the invention and its specific applications, and to thereby enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above description and examples are provided for convenience of illustration and example only. The description presented is not intended to cover all aspects of the invention or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括下列步骤：A method for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
    检测电池温度和整车状态；Detect battery temperature and vehicle status;
    响应于检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件而启用电池保温操作，所述电池保温操作包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换；以及In response to the detected battery temperature and the vehicle status meeting the first preset condition, a battery warm-up operation is enabled, the battery warm-up operation includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter. ;as well as
    响应于所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用所述电池保温操作。The battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting a second preset condition.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中检测电池温度包括：The method of claim 1, wherein detecting battery temperature includes:
    以预定时间间隔周期性地检测电池温度；以及periodically detecting the battery temperature at predetermined intervals; and
    基于当前电池温度和环境温度预估所述当前电池温度降低至保温开启温度的时刻，并且在所述时刻检测电池温度。Based on the current battery temperature and the ambient temperature, the time when the current battery temperature drops to the heat preservation start temperature is estimated, and the battery temperature is detected at the time.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中检测整车状态包括当所述检测的电池温度低于保温开启温度时检测以下项目中的一个或多个：车辆使用状态、DCDC转换器的工作状态、与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器的工作状态。The method according to claim 1, wherein detecting the vehicle status includes detecting one or more of the following items when the detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature: vehicle usage status, working status of the DCDC converter, and The battery insulation operation is associated with the working status of the actuators and sensors.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件包括：The method according to claim 3, wherein the detected battery temperature and vehicle status satisfy the first preset condition including:
    所述检测的电池温度低于所述保温开启温度；The detected battery temperature is lower than the insulation opening temperature;
    车辆处于泊车状态且车辆内不存在驾乘人员；以及The vehicle is parked and there are no occupants in the vehicle; and
    DCDC转换器以及与所述电池保温操作相关联的执行器和传感器处于正常工作状态。The DCDC converter and the actuators and sensors associated with the battery warm operation are in normal working condition.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述电池保温操作还包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein the battery warm-keeping operation further includes:
    比较电池SOC值与放电保温阈值，其中所述放电保温阈值指示在所述电池SOC值下执行充放电操作的安全性；Comparing the battery SOC value with a discharge insulation threshold, wherein the discharge insulation threshold indicates the safety of performing charge and discharge operations at the battery SOC value;
    响应于所述电池SOC值大于所述放电保温阈值而进入放电状态；以及Entering the discharge state in response to the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold; and
    响应于所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值而进入充电状态。In response to the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge heat preservation threshold, the charging state is entered.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述放电状态中： The method of claim 1, wherein in said discharge state:
    将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为小于蓄电池开路电压；Adjust the output voltage of the DCDC converter to be less than the battery open circuit voltage;
    选择性地增大车辆低压负载的功率；以及Selectively increase the power of vehicle low-voltage loads; and
    利用放电电流产生的热量来加热车辆蓄电池。The heat generated by the discharge current is used to heat the vehicle battery.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述充电状态中：The method of claim 1, wherein in said state of charge:
    将所述DCDC转换器的输出电压调整为大于蓄电池开路电压，以对车辆蓄电池进行充电。The output voltage of the DCDC converter is adjusted to be greater than the battery open circuit voltage to charge the vehicle battery.
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述方法还包括：The method of claim 5, further comprising:
    在所述放电状态中，响应于电池温度大于等于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值小于等于所述放电保温阈值以及放电深度大于等于深度阈值中的一个或多个而进入所述充电状态；以及In the discharge state, the charging state is entered in response to one or more of the battery temperature being greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value being less than or equal to the discharge insulation threshold, and the discharge depth being greater than or equal to the depth threshold; as well as
    在所述充电状态中，响应于电池温度小于预设保温温度、所述电池SOC值大于所述放电保温阈值且电池温度上升速率小于预设速率而进入所述放电状态。In the charging state, the discharge state is entered in response to the battery temperature being less than the preset insulation temperature, the battery SOC value being greater than the discharge insulation threshold, and the battery temperature rising rate being less than the preset rate.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value satisfy the second preset condition including:
    所述检测的电池温度大于等于预设保温温度；以及The detected battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset insulation temperature; and
    所述电池SOC值大于等于电池休眠阈值，其中所述电池休眠阈值指示电池充满或接近充满的状态。The battery SOC value is greater than or equal to a battery sleep threshold, wherein the battery sleep threshold indicates that the battery is full or nearly full.
  10. 一种用于控制车辆蓄电池的温度的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：A device for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery, characterized in that the device includes:
    检测单元，其配置成检测电池温度和整车状态；以及a detection unit configured to detect battery temperature and vehicle status; and
    控制单元，其配置成：Control unit configured to:
    响应于检测的电池温度和整车状态满足第一预设条件而启用电池保温操作，所述电池保温操作包括通过调整DCDC转换器的输出电压而将电池控制为在充电状态和放电状态之间切换；以及In response to the detected battery temperature and the vehicle status meeting the first preset condition, a battery warm-up operation is enabled, the battery warm-up operation includes controlling the battery to switch between a charging state and a discharging state by adjusting the output voltage of the DCDC converter. ;as well as
    响应于所述检测的电池温度和电池SOC值满足第二预设条件而停用所述电池保温操作。 The battery warm-keeping operation is deactivated in response to the detected battery temperature and battery SOC value meeting a second preset condition.
PCT/CN2023/104807 2022-08-31 2023-06-30 Method and apparatus for controlling temperature of storage battery of vehicle WO2024045872A1 (en)

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