WO2024038220A1

WO2024038220A1 - Multifocal pinhole panel for correcting visual focus problems

Info

Publication number: WO2024038220A1
Application number: PCT/ES2023/070507
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pedro Mariano URBISTONDO ESTEBAN
Original assignee: Urbistondo Esteban Pedro Mariano
Priority date: 2022-08-14
Filing date: 2023-08-09
Publication date: 2024-02-22
Also published as: ES1295526U; ES1295526Y

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifocal pinhole panel for correcting visual focus problems, of the type formed by an opaque laminar piece and comprising a plurality of through-holes of at least three different diameters, from a larger diameter (2A) to a smaller diameter (2D), arranged equidistantly, the visual focus distance depending on the diameter of the hole. According to the invention, the panel is a tool suitable for use with any support containing letters and/or numbers difficult to perceive with the naked eye, the panel being an autonomous article, being integrated into a glasses frame or a monocle, or being used as an auxiliary element on a mobile phone by coupling to a movable and pivotable support connected to the mobile phone case.

Description

MULTIFOCAL PANEL WITH PINHOLE PRINCIPLE FOR

CORRECT VISUAL FOCUS PROBLEMS

Description

Object of the invention

The invention presented refers to a multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, which, due to its technical and conformation characteristics, significantly improves the use of optical apparatus and devices intended for the same purpose existing in the market and in the current state of the art.

Specifically, this innovation refers to a panel that provides a new, cheaper and simpler solution to solve most vision problems, especially with regard to refraction error or error in visual focus, that is, in near or far vision.

Technical sector

This invention falls within the sector that corresponds to the field of ophthalmology, and more specifically in that of optical instruments, such as glasses, monocles or any device that facilitates near or far vision.

Background of the invention and state of the art

It is well known that one of the problems that affects a greater number of people in the visual field is visual focus, that is, refractive errors or error in visual focus, which is traditionally considered as difficulty seeing up close. or from afar. In reality, the difficulty of visual focus responds to various pathologies such as presbyopia, hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism or strabismus, some of which can be resolved through surgery or corrective glasses.

Regarding corrective glasses, the most common thing is that they are of the type that incorporate lenses graduated according to the visual needs of the person, but there are other types of glasses, called reticular or pinhole glasses, which can replace them except in cases in which they are carry out activities that involve risk, such as driving a vehicle, being perfectly suitable for use on a daily basis, for reading, watching television, mobile phones, etc.

These reticular or pinhole glasses do not have glass lenses, but rather replace them with an opaque plate or grill perforated with small diameter holes, which allow light to pass through, reducing its dispersion and helping to achieve clearer vision.

With this perforated plate, which is a black grid dotted with holes, the eye is forced to jump repeatedly from one hole to another, which prevents it from fixating on a single point. In reality, what is achieved is that the light is concentrated and enters in a straight line, directly towards the retina, and more specifically, towards its macula, which is the point of greatest visual acuity. As a result, the eyes move continuously and visual perception improves, relieving eye stress.

There are various types of reticular glasses, all of them with opaque plates perforated with different rows of through holes and which are distinguished precisely by the shape of these holes. There are hexagonal reticular glasses, with holes in the shape of a conical hexagonal pyramid. Others are conical reticular glasses with conical holes, smaller near the eye and more open on the outside. A third type are pyramidal reticular glasses, with pyramidal holes with a square base on the outside and narrower on the inside. The use of one or the other basically depends on the underlying optical disease and the prescription that each person needs.

At the industrial property level, it is worth mentioning the file ES0171598, which refers to a pinhole device, which consists of “an opaque sheet die-cut as a lens for glasses, which has a plurality of small diameter holes in an area in front of the eye, regularly distributed in circles, whose geometric centers are located in a sensitive frontal coincidence with the user's eyes, enhancing a diaphragm of vision through said holes, useful for comparative verification of the user's visual state." File WO2018178493 develops a procedure for design of a pair of ophthalmic lenses and device for optical measurements that "includes: determining a distance and placing an object at said distance; placing a reference frame on the user; for each eye: keeping it uncovered and covering the other eye; placing in front of the eye a screen with a through hole; move the position of the hole until the user sees said object looking through the hole, so that said object is centered in the available field of vision; uncover both eyes; adjust the positions of the holes, to achieve binocular vision; and design each lens according to said position. The device comprises a frame to which, for each eye, a first plate with a vertical slot and a second plate with a horizontal slot are attached, so that when the slots overlap, a pinhole hole is formed." File WO2017109250 presents an ophthalmic lens and set of ophthalmic lenses for the correction of presbyopia that “comprises a lens body provided with: - a central through hole sized to increase the depth of the focus away from the eye in which the ophthalmic lens is arranged; and - some through holes distributed around the central through hole, to allow the passage of nutrients through it and also to generate a near focus for the eye, for which the through holes are distributed over one or more annular regions so that the light diffracted by them generates the aforementioned near focus. The set of lenses comprises two ophthalmic lenses according to the invention, one for each eye of a patient, intended for simultaneous use by the patient to provide binocular vision. ”

These patents, like the typology of reticular glasses on the market, respond to the ocular problems that have caused them, but are limited to combining holes of the same size or, where appropriate, distributing such holes around a hole. central.

The applicant is not aware that there is a pinhole principle device to correct visual focusing problems that acts as a multifocal lens, that is, that allows, in itself, to see near or far depending on the focus that the individual's eye perform on one hole or another.

Description of the invention

Thus, the object of this utility model is a multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, that is, perceiving images clearly whether they are at a great, medium or minimal distance.

This is achieved because the new pinhole panel, formed by an opaque laminar piece, presents a structural improvement that consists of a variety of through holes of at least three different diameters, located equidistantly, this panel being capable of being attached to glasses, monocle , etc. These holes are distributed from largest to smallest diameter or vice versa, in different distributions depending on the physical support to which it is intended to be attached or whether said panel is an autonomous article in itself.

The largest size holes have a diameter that is between 1.8mm and 3mm, while the medium size holes have a diameter between 1mm and 2mm and the smallest holes have a diameter It is in a range of between 0.3mm and 1.2mm.

When the panel incorporates holes of more than three different diameters, said diameters are established within the maximum and minimum ranges of the largest and smallest diameter holes respectively.

In a preferred embodiment, for example, for attachment to spectacle frames, the largest aligned holes are located in the upper area of the panel, progressively decreasing the diameter of the following rows of holes until ending with the smallest ones. diameter, located in the lower area of said panel.

The result is a multifocal panel in which the combination of holes of different diameters allows you to see correctly both at distance and very close in most vision problems.

The distribution of hole diversity is not significant as long as the downward progression of their diameters is respected. Said distribution can have the pattern of any regular or irregular geometric shape, for example, hexagonal or triangular.

In an alternative embodiment, the distribution of the holes is concentric, in this case, with the diameter of the holes progressively decreasing or increasing from the center point of the panel.

The number of holes is also not significant, maintaining progressive ascending or descending diameters, located either in a horizontal or vertical position depending on the geometric shape of the panel. This embodiment is suitable for small panels intended for reading very small letters, for example those found on food labels, batteries, etc. Regarding the conformation of the holes, their fundamental characteristic is that, obviously, they are through in order to allow the passage of light. Their plan is not significant.

The pinhole principle panel acts, in practice, as a multifocal lens since having the plurality of holes of descending diameter located progressively allows the user to place the eye in the hole that is most comfortable in each circumstance. Actually, the visual focus distance depends on the diameter of the hole.

In this way, the large holes allow a clear vision from a distance, while with the holes of subsequent, smaller diameters, the user clearly perceives words and numbers while with the holes of the smaller diameter the user perceives and sees what is practically in front of the eye.

The new pinhole panel that is claimed substantially improves existing reticular glasses since by combining holes of different diameters it becomes a multifocal element, suitable for having clear vision at any distance.

Obviously, being an opaque panel, its shape adapts to all types of optical supports such as spectacle frames or monocles, in which it integrates and forms an inseparable part, but unlike traditional reticular glasses, it can be incorporated into multiple non-optical supports, such as different, for example, such as a keychain or a welding mask or a mobile phone using, if necessary, a removable support.

Furthermore, thanks to its technical characteristics, it is a functional element in itself, suitable to be formed as a module or portable element with a laminar format that the user applies to any object that needs to be seen clearly, for example a book, a mobile phone, labels. of products, drug leaflets, etc.

It should also be noted that, due to its technical conformation, it does not require maintenance and there is no risk of breakage or scratching and it has a high degree of resistance as it can be manufactured from plastic, paste or other similar materials. As it is not affected by a specific focal length, the same model is equally efficient regardless of the possible degree or type of dysfunction suffered by the user.

Regarding its cost, as it lacks polished glass, it is economical, so the new multifocal panel, being suitable for alleviating the majority of vision problems, is a highly interesting solution in countries where the population has very little power. acquisitive, as occurs in India and much of Africa.

Description of the drawings

For a better understanding of what is described in this report, some plates are accompanied by drawings that must be analyzed and considered only as an example and without any limiting or restrictive nature.

Figure 1.- Frontal schematic view of the pinhole principle panel in its standard format as a perforated panel and its section (section AA')

Figure 2.- Frontal schematic view of the pinhole principle panel applied to a glasses type support

Figure 3.- Schematic front view of the pinhole principle panel applied on a monocle type support

Figure 4.- Front schematic view of the pinhole principle panel as an autonomous module.

Figure 5.- Front schematic view of the panel as an auxiliary element in a mobile phone.

Description of a preferred embodiment

These figures detail the formation of the new pinhole principle panel to correct visual focusing problems in its preferred embodiment and applied to different supports.

Figure 1 shows its preferred embodiment, with the panel (1), formed as an opaque sheet, repeatedly perforated with a plurality of through holes. different diameters, located equidistantly, and distributed from largest to smallest diameter, from a larger diameter (2A) to a smaller diameter (2D), between which are located holes (2B) and (2C) of a decreasing diameter progressively. In this embodiment, the holes are aligned, with the largest diameter holes (2A) located in the upper area of the panel (1), progressively decreasing the diameter of the following rows of holes until ending with those of the smallest diameter (2D), located in the lower area of said panel.

Figures 2 and 3 show two embodiments in which the panel (1) is integrated and forms an integral part of an optical support, spectacle frames (B) in Figure 2 and a monocle (C) in Figure 3. In the latter case, it is the circular shape of the support that determines the progressive distribution of the holes, with the smaller diameter holes (2D) being located centrally while the larger diameter holes (2A) are located perimeter in the outermost area. of the monocle type physical support (C).

Figure 4 shows the realization of the multifocal pinhole panel as a module or portable element (D) with a laminar format, duly perforated with the holes already described, which makes it a tool suitable for application on any support that contains letters. and/or numbers that are difficult to perceive with the naked eye, even for a person without visual focusing problems.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment in which the pinhole multifocal panel (1) is integrated as an auxiliary element in a mobile phone by attaching it to a movable and folding support (F) linked to the housing (E) of said mobile phone. . In this embodiment, the luminosity projected by the mobile flashlight acts as a light source, is concentrated through the holes in the panel and facilitates the visual perception of the eye, especially for reading very small letters and numbers.

It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive, so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived from it. The materials, shape, size, position, direction and angle will be susceptible to variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essentiality of the invention. The terms in which this report has been written should always be taken in a broad and non-limiting sense.

Claims

1 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, of the type that is made up of an opaque laminar piece, characterized in that it comprises a variety of through holes of at least three different diameters, from a larger diameter (2A) to a minor (2D), located equidistantly.

^2nd Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to the 1st ^claim , characterized in that the distance of the visual focus depends on the diameter of the hole.

^3rd Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct vision focusing problems, according to the ^1st claim, characterized in that the largest hole has a diameter that is in a range between 1.8mm and 3mm.

4 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct vision focus problems, according to the ^1st claim, characterized in that the medium-sized hole has a diameter that is in a range of between 1mm and 2mm.

^5. Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct vision focus problems, according to the ^1st claim, characterized in that the smallest hole has a diameter that is in a range between 0.3mm and 1.2mm.

6 ^a Multifocal panel with pinhole principle to correct vision focus problems, according to the ^1st , ^3rd and 5th previous ^claims , characterized in that when the panel incorporates holes of more than three different diameters, said diameters are established within the ranges maximum and minimum of the largest and smallest diameter holes respectively.

7 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to the ^1st claim, characterized in that the holes are distributed from largest to smallest diameter or vice versa, in different distributions depending on the physical support to which it is intended to be attached or if said panel is an autonomous article in itself. 8 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to the ^7th claim, characterized in that the larger, aligned and equidistant holes (2A) are located in the upper area of the panel, progressively decreasing the diameter of the holes. following rows of holes until ending with the smaller diameter ones (2D) located in the lower area of said panel.

9 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to the ^7th claim, characterized in that the distribution of the holes is concentric, with the diameter of the holes progressively decreasing or increasing from the central point of the panel.

10 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to the ^7th claim, characterized in that when the panel is formed as a module or portable element it has a laminar format, duly perforated with holes of different diameters, being a tool. Suitable for application on any support that contains letters and/or numbers that are difficult to perceive with the naked eye.

11 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focusing problems, according to ^claims 7 ^and 8, characterized in that the panel is integrated and forms an inseparable part of spectacle frames.

12 ^a Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focus problems, according to ^claims 7 ^and 9, characterized in that the panel is integrated and forms an inseparable part of a monocle.

^13th Multifocal panel with a pinhole principle to correct visual focus problems, according to the ^7th claim, characterized in that the panel (1) is integrated as an auxiliary element in a mobile phone by attaching it to a movable and folding support linked to the casing. of said mobile.