WO2024027834A1 - Système de gestion et procédé de gestion de source d'alimentation pour compteur d'eau auto-alimenté - Google Patents

Système de gestion et procédé de gestion de source d'alimentation pour compteur d'eau auto-alimenté Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024027834A1
WO2024027834A1 PCT/CN2023/111300 CN2023111300W WO2024027834A1 WO 2024027834 A1 WO2024027834 A1 WO 2024027834A1 CN 2023111300 W CN2023111300 W CN 2023111300W WO 2024027834 A1 WO2024027834 A1 WO 2024027834A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ion capacitor
lithium ion
sodium
lithium
sodium ion
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PCT/CN2023/111300
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林东
朱福巍
姜芳
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杭州广迪科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024027834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024027834A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of smart water meters, and in particular to a self-generated smart water meter power management system and management method.
  • Smart water meters have the advantage of being able to electronically display counts and make readings easy. Smart water meters realize intelligent remote meter reading by reading the flow measured by traditional mechanical water meters and then remotely transmitting the corresponding readings to the terminal. Traditional smart water meters are powered by built-in batteries. Since the battery has limited power, it needs to be replaced regularly.
  • self-generating water meters came into being.
  • the self-generating water meter uses the kinetic energy of the water flow in the water pipe to generate electricity.
  • the charging and discharging energy storage device stores the electricity and provides electric energy to the water meter reading signal transmitting device to maintain the normal use of the water meter reading signal transmitting device.
  • self-generated water meters have not been successfully commercialized due to the following problems.
  • lithium batteries are used as charging and discharging energy storage devices, the service life of lithium batteries is too short. After experiments, the number of charge and discharge times of lithium batteries is only about 1,000 times. If put into practical application, under special circumstances where users use frequent, intermittent, and large amounts of water, the life of the water meter may even be less than one year. Moreover, the problem of overcharging or over-discharging lithium batteries cannot be solved. It is unavoidable in any area that some houses are vacant and no one uses water, so the generator will not be able to charge the lithium battery. If the lithium battery is not charged for a long time, the lithium battery will age and be damaged in less than two years. A damaged lithium battery cannot be charged or discharged again.
  • the present invention provides a self-generated water meter power management system and management method.
  • the present invention provides a self-generated water meter power management system, including a lithium ion capacitor or a sodium ion capacitor, a charging circuit and a button battery or dry battery.
  • a self-generated water meter power management system including a lithium ion capacitor or a sodium ion capacitor, a charging circuit and a button battery or dry battery.
  • the charging circuit charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the button battery or dry cell battery charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to prevent the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor from over-discharging.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a diode, the anode of the diode is electrically connected to a button battery or a dry battery, and the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to a lithium ion capacitor or a sodium ion capacitor.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a resistor connected in series with the diode.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a detection circuit.
  • the detection circuit detects the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor and sends a signal to the charging circuit.
  • the detection circuit detects the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor
  • the charging circuit charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, The charging circuit cuts off charging of the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a self-generated power supply and a rectification and filtering circuit.
  • the power sent by the self-generating power supply is transmitted to the charging circuit after passing through the rectification and filtering circuit.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a battery protection circuit.
  • the battery protection circuit cuts off the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor. The discharge path of the ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit is electrically connected between the charging circuit and the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a signal sending circuit.
  • the battery protection circuit cuts off the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the electrical connection between the ion capacitor and the signal sending circuit is to reduce the discharge of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit turns on the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the ionic capacitor is electrically connected to the signal sending circuit to allow the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to provide power to the signal sending circuit.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a step-down circuit, and part of the power transmitted by the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor through the battery protection circuit is supplied to the detection circuit through the step-down circuit.
  • the present invention also provides a power management method for a self-generated water meter power management system, including the following steps: when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, charging The circuit charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit cuts off charging of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is lower than the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit cuts off the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the discharge voltage threshold Within a limited time, the battery protection circuit conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is lower than the specific protection voltage, the button battery or dry battery charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to prevent The lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is over discharged.
  • the present invention also provides a self-generated water meter power management system, including: an energy storage component; a backup battery.
  • a self-generated water meter power management system including: an energy storage component; a backup battery.
  • the backup battery charges the energy storage component to prevent storage.
  • the active component is over discharged.
  • the energy storage element is a lithium ion capacitor or a sodium ion capacitor.
  • the backup battery is a button battery or a dry battery.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a unidirectional conduction element, and the unidirectional conduction element is conductive to enable the backup battery to provide unidirectional power supply to the energy storage element.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a current limiting component to balance the current flowing from the backup battery to the energy storage component and the self-discharge current of the energy storage component to ensure that the energy storage component is above a safe voltage. , to prevent it from being damaged by over-discharge.
  • the unidirectional conducting element is a diode
  • the current limiting element is a resistor
  • the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the backup battery, and the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the energy storage element.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a detection circuit and a charging circuit.
  • the detection circuit detects the voltage value of the energy storage element and sends a signal to the charging circuit.
  • the detection circuit detects the voltage of the energy storage element, When the value is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit charges the energy storage element; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the energy storage element is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit cuts off charging of the energy storage element.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a self-generated power supply and a rectifier and filter circuit.
  • the power sent from the self-generated power source is transmitted to the charging circuit after passing through the rectifier and filter circuit.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a battery protection circuit.
  • the battery protection circuit cuts off the discharge path of the energy storage element.
  • the battery protection circuit conducts the discharge path of the energy storage element.
  • the battery protection circuit is electrically connected between the charging circuit and the energy storage element.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a signal sending circuit.
  • the battery protection circuit cuts off the power supply between the energy storage element and the signal sending circuit. electrical connection to reduce the discharge of the energy storage element; when the voltage value of the energy storage element is higher than the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit conducts the electrical connection between the energy storage element and the signal sending circuit to allow the energy storage element to provide the signal sending circuit with electricity.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a step-down circuit, and part of the power transmitted by the energy storage element through the battery protection circuit is supplied to the detection circuit through the step-down circuit.
  • the present invention also provides a power management method for a self-generated water meter power management system, including the following steps: when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the energy storage element is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit The component is charged; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the energy storage component is higher than the charging When the upper limit of the voltage threshold is reached, the charging circuit cuts off the charging of the energy storage element; when the voltage value of the energy storage element is lower than the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit cuts off the discharge path of the energy storage element.
  • the battery protection circuit When the voltage value of the energy storage element is higher than When the discharge voltage threshold reaches the upper limit, the battery protection circuit conducts the discharge path of the energy storage element; when the voltage of the energy storage element is lower than the specific protection voltage, the backup battery charges the energy storage element to prevent the energy storage element from over-discharging.
  • the self-generated smart water meter power management system uses lithium ion capacitors or sodium ion capacitors as energy storage devices.
  • lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors can be charged and discharged more than 500,000 times and have a long service life.
  • lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors have the advantages of high energy density, higher output voltage, and low self-discharge rate.
  • the cost of lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors is much lower than the cost of supercapacitors.
  • the button battery or dry cell battery will charge the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to prevent the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor from over-discharging, thus greatly extending the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the service life of sodium ion capacitors thereby promoting the commercial application and promotion of self-generated water meters.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a self-generated smart water meter power management system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a self-generated smart water meter power management system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a self-generated smart water meter power management system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the self-generated smart water meter power management system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention includes a self-generated power supply 1, a rectifier and filter circuit 2, a charging circuit 3, a battery protection circuit 4, a lithium ion capacitor or a sodium ion capacitor 5, Button battery or dry cell battery 6, detection circuit 7, voltage reducing circuit 8 and signal sending circuit 9.
  • the self-generating power source 1 is a micro-hydro-generator, which uses the water flowing through the water pipe or the water meter to drive the turbine of the generator to rotate, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy to generate electricity.
  • the power is transmitted to the rectifier and filter circuit 2.
  • the rectifier and filter circuit 2 filters out the high-frequency harmonics in the alternating current, converts the filtered alternating current into direct current and transmits it to the charging circuit 3.
  • the charging circuit 3 When the detection circuit 7 detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit 3 charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5; when the detection circuit 7 detects that the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 When the voltage value of the sodium ion capacitor 5 is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit 3 cuts off charging of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the charging circuit 3 When the detection circuit 7 detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 is higher than or equal to the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold and lower than or equal to the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit 3 The conduction or disconnection does not change, that is, if the charging state between the charging circuit 3 and the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 is conductive, the conduction will continue. If the charging circuit 3 is not connected to the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 The sodium ion capacitor 5 charged will remain uncharged.
  • the charging circuit 3 conducts the electrical connection with the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5, At this time, the charging circuit 3 charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5. If the charging capacity of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is greater than the discharge capacity, the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will change from low to high. Make the climb.
  • charging circuit 3 When the voltage rises to higher than or equal to the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, charging circuit 3 does not operate, that is, charging circuit 3 and lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 are still in the conductive state, and charging circuit 3 continues to charge the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor. The ion capacitor 5 is charged, and the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 continues to rise. Until the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit 3 disconnects the electrical connection with the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 and cuts off the connection to the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor. 5 charge.
  • the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 decreases from high to low. Since the charging circuit 3 and the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 are disconnected at the beginning, when the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 drops below or equal to the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit 3 still does not respond to the lithium ion capacitor. The capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is charged, and the charging circuit 3 will not charge the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 until the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 drops below the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold.
  • the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold is 4.0V
  • the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold is 3.2V.
  • the present invention does not place any limit on the specific value of the charging voltage threshold. Through this arrangement, overcharging of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is prevented, effectively protecting the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor, and extending the service life of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 cuts off the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the battery protection circuit 4 conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the battery protection circuit 4 conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 Or the disconnection does not change, that is, if the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is conductive, the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will continue to discharge to the outside. If the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is cut off and will continue to be discharged.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5. If the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is The discharge amount of the ion capacitor 5 is greater than the charging amount, and the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will drop.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 drops below or equal to the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit 4 does not operate, the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 continues to discharge to the outside, until the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 is lower than the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit 4 will cut off the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor. The discharge path of the ion capacitor 5. If the discharge capacity of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is less than the charging capacity at this time, the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will continue to rise.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 rises to a value higher than or When it is equal to the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold, since the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 was previously disconnected, the battery protection circuit 4 does not operate at this time, and the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will not discharge to the outside. The voltage of the ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 will continue to rise until the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 is higher than the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold, then the battery protection circuit 4 will turn on the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor. 5 discharge path.
  • the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold is 4.0V
  • the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold is 3.0V.
  • the present invention does not impose any limit on the specific value of the discharge voltage threshold.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 is an integrated circuit, which itself includes a controller and a sensor for detecting the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the detection circuit 7 may transmit the signal of the detected voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 to the battery protection circuit 4 .
  • the battery protection circuit 4 is electrically connected between the charging circuit 3 and the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the charging circuit 3 of the present invention is not directly connected to the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor.
  • the sub-capacitor 5 is connected to the lithium-ion capacitor or the sodium-ion capacitor 5 through the battery protection circuit 4.
  • the self-discharge amount of the ionic capacitor extends the self-discharge time of the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit 4 cuts off the electrical connection between the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 and the signal transmitting circuit 9 to reduce Discharge of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5; when the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 is higher than the upper limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit 4 conducts the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5 and the signal sending circuit 9 The electrical connection allows the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor to provide power to the signal sending circuit 9 .
  • the signal sending circuit 9 transmits the water meter data remotely, thereby realizing remote meter reading.
  • part of the power transmitted by the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 through the battery protection circuit 4 is supplied to the detection circuit 7 through the voltage reducing circuit 8 .
  • the battery protection circuit 4 cuts off the external power supply of the lithium-ion capacitor or the sodium-ion capacitor 5, the detection circuit 7 and the voltage-reducing circuit will also stop working due to the lack of power source, thus minimizing the self-consumption of the entire power management system.
  • the button battery or dry battery 6 of the present invention is only connected in series with the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor 5, and does not have any direct electrical connection with other circuits of the self-generated water meter power management system. There is no parallel or series relationship between loads outside the system. With this arrangement, the button battery or dry cell battery 6 only needs to maintain the self-discharge power requirement of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor, and does not need excess power to power other circuits or external loads, extending the service life of the button cell battery or dry cell battery 6 . It is precisely through this setting that there is no need to use a large-power battery, but a button battery or a dry battery 6, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the self-generated water meter power management system.
  • the button battery or dry cell battery 6 is only connected in series with the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 and has no series or parallel connection with other circuits or external loads, the self-generated water meter power management system does not need to set up additional switching circuits, simplifying the circuit structure. reduce manufacturing cost.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system also includes a diode, which is electrically connected between the button battery or dry cell battery 6 and the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 . Due to the one-way conduction characteristic, the diode functions as a switch to conduct or cut off the electrical connection between the button battery or dry cell battery 6 and the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5 .
  • the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the button battery or dry
  • the cathode of battery 6 is electrically connected to the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor 5, so that current can only flow from the button battery or dry cell battery to the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system further includes a resistor and a diode connected in series.
  • the resistor plays a current limiting role, protecting the diode and extending the service life of the button battery.
  • the daily self-discharge such as about 2uA
  • select a resistor with a corresponding resistance to ensure that the button battery charges the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor every day equal to Self-discharge capacity of lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors.
  • This setting method prevents the button battery from charging "excess" power to the lithium-ion battery, thereby greatly extending the service life of the button battery.
  • lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors will not have any charging source and will only self-discharge. Due to the setting of button batteries or dry batteries, the voltage of the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor is always maintained at a certain value (such as 2.0V). In practical applications, when residents use tap water, the self-generated power source 1 generates electricity and continuously charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor. At this time, since the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold (such as 3.2V), the charging circuit charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor normally.
  • the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold such as 3.2V
  • the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will not be discharged externally under the protection of the charging protection circuit, and the electric energy will be continuously stored.
  • the real-time voltage on the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will The voltage value keeps increasing.
  • the charging circuit stops charging the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor provides power to the signal sending circuit, and the signal sending circuit sends the water meter numerical signal. Since the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor only discharges without charging source at this time, the real-time voltage value begins to decrease.
  • the charging circuit resumes charging the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is charged and discharged simultaneously. If the user consumes a large amount of water at this time, the charging capacity of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will be greater than the discharge capacity.
  • the real-time voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will rise, and the status of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will Repeat the above mentioned state (discharge while charging -> voltage rise -> discharge while stopping charging -> voltage drop -> discharge while starting charging -> voltage rise -> cycle).
  • the discharge capacity of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will be greater than the charging capacity, and the real-time voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor will continue to decrease.
  • the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor drops below the lower discharge voltage threshold (3.0V)
  • the lithium-ion capacitor Or the sodium ion capacitor does not discharge to the outside under the protection of the battery protection circuit, and stores the electric energy provided by the self-generated power supply.
  • the detection circuit 7 and the voltage-reducing circuit do not work because there is no power supply source.
  • the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor will start to self-discharge from 3.0V. Lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors self-discharge very slowly.
  • the voltage of the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor drops below a specific protection voltage (the specific protection voltage value is the voltage value of a button cell or dry cell battery minus The value obtained by subtracting the voltage drop of the resistor from the conduction voltage of the diode).
  • the voltage of the button battery or dry cell battery is 3V.
  • the turn-on voltage of the diode remains basically unchanged (0.7v for silicon tubes and 0.3v for germanium tubes).
  • the voltage of the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor is always maintained at a certain value (such as 2.3V). If someone uses water at this time, the lithium-ion capacitor or sodium-ion capacitor will repeat the above-mentioned state.
  • the service life of button batteries or dry batteries is at least 5 years, and the service life of lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors without external charging is 2 years.
  • the service life of a self-generated water meter using the power management system provided by the present invention is at least 7 years, which is higher than the service life of ordinary smart water meters using traditional batteries.
  • button batteries or dry batteries and lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors are used, both of which are low-cost electronic components.
  • the self-generating water meter power management system may only have lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors and button batteries or dry batteries.
  • the self-generated power source can be an external generator. There is no need to install diodes and resistors between the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor and the button battery or dry cell battery. Instead, a triode or switch can be used to control cutting off and conduction.
  • the self-generated smart water meter power management system uses lithium ion capacitors or sodium ion capacitors as energy storage devices.
  • lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors can be charged and discharged more than 500,000 times and have a long service life.
  • lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors have the advantages of high energy density, higher output voltage, and low self-discharge rate.
  • the cost of lithium-ion capacitors or sodium-ion capacitors is much lower than the cost of supercapacitors.
  • the button battery or dry cell battery will charge the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to prevent the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor from over-discharging, thereby greatly extending the life of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor, and thus Promote the commercial application and promotion of self-generated water meters.
  • the present invention also provides a power management method for a self-generated water meter power management system, which includes the following steps: when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or the sodium ion capacitor is lower than the lower limit of the charging voltage threshold, charging The circuit charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the upper limit of the charging voltage threshold, the charging circuit cuts off charging of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is lower than the lower limit of the discharge voltage threshold, the battery protection circuit cuts off the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor.
  • the battery protection circuit When the voltage value of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is higher than the discharge voltage threshold Within a limited time, the battery protection circuit conducts the discharge path of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor; when the voltage of the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is lower than the specific protection voltage, the button battery or dry battery charges the lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor to prevent The lithium ion capacitor or sodium ion capacitor is over discharged.
  • the above three steps are not sequential and can be performed at the same time.
  • the self-generated water meter power management system includes a self-generated power supply 1, a rectifier and filter circuit 2, a charging circuit 3, a battery protection circuit 4, an energy storage element 5', a backup battery 6', One-way conducting element 91, current limiting element 92, detection circuit 7, voltage reducing circuit 8 and signal transmitting circuit 9.
  • the voltage reducing circuit 8 and the signal transmitting circuit 9 may have the same or similar structures as the corresponding elements in the first embodiment.
  • the energy storage element 5' in the second embodiment can be a lithium ion capacitor, a sodium ion capacitor, or other types of capacitors
  • the backup battery 6' can be a button cell battery, a dry cell battery, or other storage battery.
  • the one-way conduction component 91 in the second embodiment may be a diode or other component/circuit capable of realizing one-way conduction.
  • the current limiting element 92 can be a resistor or other component/circuit that can balance the current flowing from the backup battery to the energy storage element and the self-discharge current of the energy storage element to ensure that the energy storage element is above a safe voltage and prevent it from being damaged by over-discharge.

Abstract

Sont prévus dans la présente invention un système de gestion et un procédé de gestion de source d'alimentation pour un compteur d'eau auto-alimenté. Le système de gestion de source d'alimentation pour un compteur d'eau auto-alimenté comprend un condensateur lithium-ion ou un condensateur sodium-ion, un circuit de charge et une batterie bouton ou une batterie sèche. Lorsque la valeur de tension du condensateur lithium-ion ou du condensateur sodium-ion est inférieure à la limite inférieure d'une valeur seuil de tension de charge, le circuit de charge charge le condensateur lithium-ion ou le condensateur sodium-ion. Lorsque la tension du condensateur lithium-ion ou du condensateur sodium-ion est inférieure à une tension de protection spécifique, la batterie bouton ou la batterie sèche charge le condensateur lithium-ion ou le condensateur sodium-ion pour empêcher le condensateur lithium-ion ou le condensateur sodium-ion d'être surdéchargé.
PCT/CN2023/111300 2022-08-04 2023-08-04 Système de gestion et procédé de gestion de source d'alimentation pour compteur d'eau auto-alimenté WO2024027834A1 (fr)

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CN101170205A (zh) * 2007-12-06 2008-04-30 中国科学院电工研究所 锂离子电池-超级电容器混合储能光伏系统
CN102195333A (zh) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-21 新神户电机株式会社 直流电源装置
CN203039392U (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-07-03 深圳市思达仪表有限公司 用于电动阀控智能水表的超级电容控制器及其控制系统
CN205846826U (zh) * 2016-07-08 2016-12-28 深圳市思倍生电子科技有限公司 一种便携式启动电源
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US20020101219A1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2002-08-01 Shinichi Yuasa Charge control apparatus for controlling a charge of a battery pack based upon refrigerant temperature ,battery temperature and ambient temperature
CN101170205A (zh) * 2007-12-06 2008-04-30 中国科学院电工研究所 锂离子电池-超级电容器混合储能光伏系统
CN102195333A (zh) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-21 新神户电机株式会社 直流电源装置
CN203039392U (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-07-03 深圳市思达仪表有限公司 用于电动阀控智能水表的超级电容控制器及其控制系统
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